Robert CarpenterRefining, Fuels & Transportation: Working Together Towards a Sustainable Future March 23, 2011

Fuel Quality Impacts of Increased Biofuels Requirements

GE Power & WaterWater & Process Technologies

2Robert Carpenter – Hart’s Fuels Conference

3/29/2012

Biofuels are here to stay!Biofuels are here to stay?!?

Source: Discovery Channel

3Robert Carpenter – Hart’s Fuels Conference

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Mandated volumes driving growth

US RFS2 … 36 Bln gals by 2022

That’s 25% of gasoline volumes

EU RED … 10% volume by 2020

“Whatever the economic picture,

it is clear that renewable fuels are here to stay and that

legislative mandates will secure

their future production.”

Robin Hunt, Infineum

Source: GE Global Research

Our options?

5Robert Carpenter – Hart’s Fuels Conference

3/29/2012

“…those of us who work in and came to love this

business at traditional oil companies have to consider

that ethanol and some form of advanced renewable

fuel is no longer a temporary part of the oil business.”

Douglas Haugh, EVP & CIO, Mansfield Oil Company

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Mix variable biofuels into fuel pool

All biofuels have quality issues

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Ethanol loves water

Hygroscopic

Phase separation

Increased corrosion

Water is the main cause of ethanol quality issues

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Variability of biodiesel feedstocks

End up with variety of problems

Cold weather handling

Stability

Microbiological growth

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Biodiesel has cold flow issues

Variables

Glycerol content

Free fatty acids

Metals

Saturation

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Biodiesel stability … operability concern

Factors

Feedstock saturation

Air exposure

Inverse to CFPP

Polar B100 vs non-polar ULSD

Causes

Gums, sediment

Filter plugging

Injector deposits

Increased viscosity

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Microbes love biodiesel

Collects as sludge/slimeBlocks filters and fuel lines

How to overcome

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Know your supplier

Sourcing

Quality standards

(BQ9000, RFA)

Inspections

Industry reputation

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Good hygiene fixes most problems

Robust housekeeping Remove free water

Clean tanks & pipelines

Check for biological activity

Monitor & Inspect

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Additives are part of the solution

Additive program Corrosion inhibitors

Dual-phase biocides

Cold flow improvers

Stability improvers

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A complete program is the best route

Fuels Specialist

Problem diagnosis

Best practices

Additives as tools

Predictive modeling

Robert CarpenterRefining, Fuels & Transportation: Working Together Towards a Sustainable Future March 23, 2011

Fuel Quality Impacts of Increased Biofuels Requirements

GE Power & WaterWater & Process Technologies