Funkcje Trybunau Konstytucyjnego zwizane z hierarchiczn
kontrol
konstytucyjnoci prawa
Marcin Dbrowski
Funkcje Trybunau Konstytucyjnego zwizane z hierarchiczn
kontrol
konstytucyjnoci prawa
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Rozdzia I
Podstawowe pojcia
1. Funkcje prawa i funkcje Trybunau Konstytucyjnego
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0:
Rozdzia II
Geneza kontroli konstytucyjnoci prawai ksztatowanie si funkcji
Trybunau
1. Lata 19181939
!L!!!#%
%!C!OO %%!/1%!#DCLB% !! /6 /8-/4
!!-9!/890%##%!'C%L!C!!1$#5'##)!4'!!!L%#'!!4!C#!CD-1
%!!D%!D!!#%D%!CC!!CI;5
L!1%!OOO %E#5 # !%%! ! !!L!1 ##4 ' ! % %! % !1L%%!%5
! % !!L !# BL!91'C4'!5
/ !!
'%!!#!D!OO 5%%!4%1%%%D$!!F5 $!G%114
4/8--41/:H4%%%%1J!#%!!!G%1(1)''4($% 4 Q>R 3 "
4C'4%1121FI54(124/88:41:7H1
- 11)!4%* 34Q>R LL ) 4 % 11$4C-..:41/..1
9 115$4!" #45-..94 1-7@(1)''4($%1114 1:8@21$4-
"#3"*E4Q>R$%&9B&44%21FI4/876416K71
06
!#4!CD#!!%#!4 %!% ! %%!%$$!1
!D!!%L !C%5###!!%#D1C%L#!!!5!%!01!!!#L%!%D!#!#4#!!
!%C4%!!!!5#C#L1%L'4CB!!!L!4!D%D5I G!1 H!
G!15H1%%!#!!!C%4!LB4;!LB;!#%'!%L4%!!4'(!4#53%D%#1N%;!5#C!%I!#C'%5%!!!%OO
:1!!' ! ! !!L!C!%!#D!!1PO"I5#!#!!Ga
LbK!L#K%a!!bHCGa%5bH4!CD#'B#LB!5%!S61!D!!!OO
C5'%#D%#!!#1$#'#$4'P!!!5L%#!C!%C#%!21#G!1HS71
$ ! !!>1)!4%1114 1 /.. 1@ 1 2!D4*+# LL4 P$S
-./.4-G86H41661
0 1314'%* "9 :F1X4$F42G494E4P !2S4Y1/:41-42-..941-.61
: $>15$4!"11141-K-:16 >(1)''4($%111416917
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4%1114-..:1
07
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!'#G%1!179!!!1:!10!!!H1 P(!#!Q!1:!!!K1"1R!!!5#C!!4!16466
7/S81!%!!!OO C#;BD!5!4!!L!' !##DC'I1(%%C!54!%!%4'D!!#!'
%/.4'##!D!C%!1$!#!4'DLB!!#!4!!4#>P!'5%Q111R!#!#D''!5!4%'%%L!!!4%%!IS//1
!!C!##D%;
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8 (14 ?@:;@A94JCK/89041/.:1
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/ 1114=# %6>> 84C/8964108@149 ?@:;@A39%!!
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/0 3141!141///1%!%!!!
4 !C B %! L
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:.
%!!!!%5!!L!C%1,4!C$N'MN'F#(!##%%C5!!4 !# !!C !%!
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M!1:!10!!!#5%%%B%!D!D15'I!!!LL5#;!%!!!!4C'#C!%1
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2. Lata 19451985
2.1. Lata 19451982
IOOL!%D!%!5 %%! ! !!L !C
%4CL!1#!%!!%I5!!G%CM!H4!C!5#'LB!!!L%%D!5'%!1'%!#%
/:
DL%!C!!4!C##!!#5!!4%'#!121AI%#>PN!'L!!!!%!!!Q111R%L!BF#!!SG21AI4(4934PN#LBS4!1]OO41-H4!!(1%%#>PN'5!F#!!L%!C!Q111R!5%#!!SG(14/
$%&4PN #LBS4 !1 Z]4 /89/4 1 04 !1 >(1 24$%& :;@?4Q>R
9418.H1
:/
%!!.10.1ZZ4!!%#!6.1
"/!/86:1K!1L'!!5/. !/86:1/64!C#!D--%/80-1K%!!!L%%4!C!## D%1"
/86#!!/6/8-/4!D%5!1#!!D/71P!!!/8!5/864!!G!17/H4#!
DM%!4'a%'5L!!C!'#bS/81N%5#C'%%!4!C#5%!L!C%!1
!!--%/80-1!/86:#'!'%5!4%#C'I%%!C%'!12%!5#%!;DB'!5C%%#1A#D!!!%!5!4!#%L%%CM%#%!%D!!%I!!!5%L-.1
!!#1!%5!!#!D%!L%!5%#%4P'%I!!%!LB%!!G!!LBH!D%!4%IS-/4P!5!!L!%f5 !
!!4 %!D% #L ! %I!!111S--1!#DC
/6 !/.!/86:1!! JG"1104%1-8H1N!!%!>1$4E :;
:-
!;%#C !%!!5 # # % % 4 !C # %5!D%!#L%$%D
L!12!%5%L ! ; ! !!L%%!C'!L!!%#I%I5!4 !C ! !D %-91
$%!%!!!5L%%OO>!%!1P"!K%5'Q!K1"1R%!#;%5D!%!Q111R@%!K%'#%C%!%!!5S-1
%#!#!D%%!!
#%$!; -01F#4''L%# ! L 4'!1/!1-!1-!! J4!#L!5$4!#B%L
1#4!C!##LB%5%4#!!DDL%!G%1!1-.!!
JH1!!1:-!/80-1D%!4D%'%!L!C!!#5%!%%1
N%#!:.16.1%I!!%5#D!!-:1/86:1!%#!!%#C%%4!51 /. ! !# ! I!# P%
%!
!!SG%1!19.!1/%!9!! JH-61A#!%
-9 1!4," * "4PI!S/866416411
- 1$4$%&11141/091$!!!%%#F%OOL!>!'4* ,'44Q>R &,%3
"4/'4%11"#14C/8781
-0 1$1 4*> L LL4 PI! S/8741///-@!'411141-.61
-: 1(1)''4F #&94PI!S/86/4175841-71
-6 $!!!>1$4E11141/.61
:9
#!%%!54;!!!L%1,!%C5%C#D%D
LB%! %! ! % %%!F#!!1 ! !# %'!%%!%LLL-71
N%''I'CBD;!4'C%#%!L!!!5 !C% ' %1N %# !1:-!! J4!C!#4'DL % !!1! !
!#D!4'%#!%!!%4#DC%!#!%-81"%C'D!5!%!! J4!C!#%L'9.1
4!/80K/87-#'f5 C4 !C# %! ;!!L! !C%1FD
CBL!;4!C!##D%!DL!!C%4'!5!%! !#1
I!4!C#/86:1C%%!!!5%#!G%1!19.!1/%!!!
JH4##1$!5#L##DC;%I!4%!#!!IC!1$%%! !C# #;>1
-7 11"#4E :O:;
:
2.2. Lata 19821985
J!/87-K/870%#%'!%4!C%!##' !!!C%5#4'#1-:/87-1!D!! %%!J59/1N#
I!%!D5L%!#!!!1994!C%#%!F#!!1$!#D!5!#D!!%'!1;CDD#B!%%!%%5!4!!!!!L%1
#!!!C%!%#F#%#D%#!0.1ZZ9-1%#!CC!!1, %!! D L %4!C%#!/87-1!5%#%'%%D
D!!L ! 1
C!%!5%#!!4%B%!CB'!#4%!B!1'!%!5#!!K%LL$14'!%LDD5%!%%C!!1!%!%L'#!5B!!D4!C%#LB!!C5!!!1
!%!%L ##DL!
L L$12%!%5%!#B4#LB !# ! 1 )!
%!!!%!!#BF#!!125'#B$#4!B#LB!991,!!4'!5
9/ "11//4%17919- 11)!4!"* ,- .9
/4-..9417!1!!!D199 $!!!>1"#4&$%&9
4Q>R/% % 4%1J1(!14J/87041:/K:91
:0
%%!!!D#D%!%%!4'LD!5%L1##5$%#L $ !F##B
D%D4%!#!B;!!591%!%!!5#P%%!!!4!C54'
!!%G!!%I!%!H'%4%' ! #111S901 % L$#!%;IF!!!LB!G%1!199!1-!! JH1 2'
%# % F4C#DL-=9#CB4!#!%5%1
!!%%#F##%5!IF1#BC;%I!!%%#I!1"#5LB!!#%CB%BC5!;'%#%!4%!!B;L!I4#4C4'%C4%!%!!C!%1
CL#%5BL4%1
O!!!F#'LB%%!!MC#%4!C!5#D%!L4%LK!%CML5KPS1%!!!!!5'4!4'!%%!D!%B!MC#%4%!!!#!!C9:1,!5!'I!!!4#D!#5B!
LI%!%!;!!!!%F#1!#5'#4'F%!D#;DD%;>%1#F##%!%B%%/87.1;D
9 115$4$%&E4/87:419/190 1)!4!"*417019:
$%'!%!>1"#4&1114107K:/1
::
%%#%I!1!#LB5F%B!D!!L45L #I#! 964 ; 5%B !LB #I C #' ;
%I!1
"%#F#!!#%%5 %% I!% !!L%1LB!%#!4' %#%!$4'#5 !D !!L !C% % %!1 CL
I!'5C %%!J%##5L4!!!L!C5
! % %I! !971$!!!!/87-1%5# D%!%!!5 %#!%!4%54%%!1
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