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SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ª bv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª ‡gvnb evMPx m‡Z¨›`ª bv_ `Ë KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg Rxebvb›` `vk RmxgD`&`xb diiæL Avng` Avnmvb nvexe kvgmyi ivngvb mybxj M‡½vcva¨vq ˆmq` kvgmyj nK wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y

fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

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Page 1: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119

fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq

iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi

hZx›`ª‡gvnb evMPx

m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg

Rxebvb›` `vk

RmxgD`&`xb

diiæL Avng` Avnmvb nvexe

kvgmyi ivngvb

mybxj M‡½vcva¨vq

ˆmq` kvgmyj nK

wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y

Page 2: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ120 SSC-1651

mvnvh¨ ev mnvqZvi Rb¨ civgk© wbbÑ

Avcbvi ÷vwW †m›Uv‡ii †Kvm© wUDUi

W. †gv. †P½xk Lvb

mn‡hvMx Aa¨vcK (evsjv), I‡cb ¯‹zj

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq, MvRxcyi-1705|

B‡gBj: [email protected]

Ges

†g‡nixb gybRvixb iZœv

mnKvix Aa¨vcK (evsjv), I‡cb ¯‹zj

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq, MvRxcyi-1705|

B‡gBj: [email protected]

Page 3: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ121

Avgvi mšÍvb

fviZP› ª ivqMyYvKi

Aóv`k kZvãxi †kÖô evOvwj Kwe I g½jKv‡e¨i me©‡kl Kwe fviZP›`ª ivq¸YvKi 1712 mv‡j ûMwj †Rjvi fziïU

ciMbvi †cu‡ov MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi wcZv b‡i›`ªbvivqY ivq fziïU ciMbvi Rwg`vi wQ‡jb, wKš‘ ea©gv‡bi

ivRvi m‡½ g‡bvgvwjb¨ nIqvq ev¯‘Pz¨Z n‡q mcwiev‡i fviZP‡›`ªi gvgvevwo‡Z P‡j Av‡mb| †mLv‡b †_‡KB

fviZP›`ª gvÎ Kzwo eQi eq‡mi g‡a¨ ms¯‹…Z e¨vKiY, Awfavb I dviwm fvlvq ey¨rcwË jvf K‡ib| Rxe‡bi eû

DÌvb-cZ‡bi ci fviZP›`ª b`xqvi K…òbMi ivRcwiev‡i AvkÖq MÖnY K‡ib I mfvKwe nb| ivRv K…òP‡›`ªi

Av‡`‡k wZwb Zuvi †kÖô Kve¨ ÔAbœ`vg½jÕ iPbv K‡ib Ges ivqMyYvKi †LZve cvb| ms¯‹…Z, Aviwe, dviwm I

wn› y Ívwb fvlvi wgkÖ‡Y bZzb GK evMfw½ Ges Zv‡Z kã, Q›` I Aj¼vi cÖ‡qvM wQj Zuvi Kv‡e¨i ˆewkó¨|

iex›`ªbv_ Zuvi Kve¨‡K Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb ÔivRK‡Éi gwYgvjvÕi m‡½| wZwb 1760 mv‡j g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib Ges Zuvi

g„Zz¨i ga¨ w`‡q evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i ga¨hy‡Mi cwimgvwß N‡U|

Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ iPbv :

mZ¨cx‡ii cuvPvjx, imgÄix, Abœ vg½j, bvMvóK, M½vóK, PÐxbvUK|

ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvwU Avãyj nvB I Av‡bvqvi cvkv m¤úvw`Z Ôgvbwmsn-fevb›` DcvL¨v‡bÕi ÔAbœ`vi fevb›`

fe‡b hvÎvÕ KweZvi m¤úvw`Z Ask ÔAbœ`vg½jÕ Kv‡e¨i Askwe‡kl| wbR ¯^v_© D‡cÿv K‡i mšÍvb Z_v mvaviY

gvby‡li Kj¨vY Kvgbvi wPišÍb gvbwmKZvi welqwU gyL¨ n‡q G KweZvq dz‡U D‡V‡Q| KweZvwU‡Z ga¨hy‡Mi †kl

c‡e©i fvlv-ˆewkó¨ we‡klfv‡e jÿYxq| ga¨hy‡Mi mvgvwRK cÖ_v, ms¯‹vi, †cŠivwYK PwiÎ BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© Ávb jvf

Kiv hv‡e GB KweZvi gva¨‡g| †`exKZ©„K f³Ky‡ji g‡bvevÃbv c~i‡Yi aib Ges iƒc‡Ki gva¨‡g mg Í evOvwj

mšÍv‡bi myL ¯v”Q‡›`¨i Avkxe©v‡`i welqwU wbc yYfv‡e Dc ’vwcZ n‡q‡Q GB KweZvq|

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

cyi‡bv evsjv KweZvi fvlv-ˆewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

†`ex Abœc~Y©v Avi Ck¦ix cvUzbxi Kvwnwb eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

ÔAvgvi mšÍvb †hb _v‡K `y‡a-fv‡ZÕ ÑDw³wUi †cÖÿvcU eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

f~wgKv

Kwe-cwiwPwZ

Page 4: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ122 SSC-1651

Abœc~Y©v DËwijv Mvw½bxi Zx‡i|

cvi Ki ewjqv WvwKjv cvUzbx‡i \

†mB Nv‡U †Lqv †`q Ck¦ix cvUzbx|

Z¡ivq Avwbj †bŠKv evgv¯^i ïwb \

Ck¦ix‡i wRÁvwmj Ck¦ix cvUybx|

GKv †`wL Kzjea~ †K eU Avcwb \

cwiPq bv w`‡j Kwi‡Z bvwi cvi|

fq Kwi wK Rvwb †K w`‡e †didvi \

Ck¦ix‡i cwiPq K‡nb Ck¦ix|

eySn Ck¦ix Avwg cwiPq Kwi \

we‡kl‡Y mwe‡kl Kwnev‡i cvwi|

Rvbn ¯vgxi bvg bvwn a‡i bvix \

... ... ...

cvUzbx ewj‡Q gv †Mv ïb wb‡e`b|

†muDZx Dc‡i ivL I iv½v PiY \

cvUzbxi ev‡K¨ gvZv nvwmqv Aš ͇i|

ivwLjv `yLvwb c` †muDZx Dc‡i \

... ... ...

†muDZx‡Z c` †`ex ivwL‡Z ivwL‡Z|

†muDZx nBj †mvbv †`wL‡Z †`wL‡Z \

†mvbvi †muDZx †`wL cvUzbxi fq|

G Z †g‡q †g‡q bq †`eZv wbðq \

Zx‡i DËwij Zix Zviv DËwijv|

c~e©gy‡L my‡L MRMg‡b Pwjjv \

†muDZx jBqv e‡ÿ Pwjjv cvUzbx|

wc‡Q †`wL Zv‡i †`ex wdwiqv Avcwb \

mf‡q cvUzbx K‡n P‡ÿ e‡n Rj|

w`qvQ †h cwiPq †m eywSby Qj \

†ni †`L †muDZx‡Z _y‡qwQjv c`|

Kv‡Vi †muDZx †gvi ˆnjv Aóvc` \

Bnv‡Z eywSby Zzwg †`eZv wbðq|

`qvq w`qvQ †`Lv †`n cwiPq \

Zc Rc Rvwb bvwn a¨vb Ávb Avi|

Z‡e †h w`qvQ †`Lv `qv †m †Zvgvi \

†h `qv Kwij †gvi G fvM¨ D`q|

†mB `qv ˆn‡Z †gv‡i †`n cwiPq \

QvovB‡Z bvwi †`ex Kwnjv nvwmqv|

KwnqvwQ mZ¨ K_v eySn fvweqv \

Avwg †`ex Abœc~Y©v cÖKvk Kvkx‡Z|

ˆPÎ gv‡m †gvi c~Rv ïK¬ Aógx‡Z \

g~jcvV

Page 5: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ123

KZ w`b wQby nwi‡nv‡oi wbev‡m|

Qvwojvg Zvi evwo K›`‡ji Îv‡m \

fevb›` gRy›`vi wbev‡m iwne|

ei gvM g‡bvbxZ hvnv Pvn w`e \

cÖYwgqv cvUzbx Kwn‡Q †Rvo nv‡Z|

Avgvi mš Ívb †hb _v‡K `y‡a fv‡Z \

Z_v¯‘ ewjqv †`ex w`jv ei`vb|

`y‡a fv‡Z _vwK‡eK †Zvgvi mš Ívb \

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

Abœc~Y©vÑ Abœ vÎx; †`ex `yM©v| Aóvc`Ñ †mvbv; ¯Y©| DËwijvÑ Dcw ’Z n‡jb| K›`jÑ SMov| Kwn‡QÑ e‡j‡Q|

KvkxÑ Zx_© ’vb; cyY¨ ’vb| Kzjea~Ñ M„nea~| †LqvÑ †bŠKv| MRMg‡bÑ n Íxi b¨vq axi I MyiyM¤¢xi Pjb| Mvw½bxiÑ

b`xi| QjÑ Qjbv| Z_v¯‘Ñ wVK Av‡Q| Z¡ivqÑ ZvovZvwo; `ªyZ| _y‡qwQjvÑ †i‡LwQ‡j| `y‡a fv‡ZÑ †Kv‡bv Afv‡e

bv _vKv| wbevmÑ evm¯’vb; Avevm| cvUzbxÑ †LqvNv‡Ui gvwS| †didviÑ QjvKjv; †Nvicu¨vP| eUÑ ej| ei`vbÑ

Avkxe©v`| evgv¯iÑ ¿xKÉ; †g‡q‡`i Kɯi| gvMÑ cÖv_©bv Kiv| ïé Aógx- wZw_i bvg; ïK¬ c‡ÿi Aóg ivZ|

†muDZxÑ †bŠKvi cvwb †mPevi Rb¨ e¨eüZ cvÎ| †niÑ †`L| ˆnjvÑ n‡jv|

mvims‡ÿc :

Abœc~Y©v A_©vr †`ex ` yM©v M„nea~i †e‡k †Lqv cvi n‡Z G‡m‡Qb| Zuvi cv‡qi ¯ú‡k© †bŠKvi †muDwZ †mvbv n‡q

hvq| ZLb †Lqv cvivcviKvix Ck¦ix cvUzbx eyS‡Z cv‡i, Bwb †`ex| c‡i †`ex wb‡RB wb‡Ri cwiPq †`b|

cvUzbx‡K ei PvB‡Z e‡jb| cvUzbx wb‡Ri Rb¨ wKQz bv †P‡q mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ ei Pvq| †`ex Avkv c~iY K‡i e‡jb :

†Zvgvi mšÍvb `y‡a-fv‡Z _vK‡e|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. ÔmZ¨cx‡ii cuvPvjxÕi †jLK †K?

K. bexbP›`ª ivq L. †ngP›`ª ivq

M. fviZP›`ª ivq N. cÖdzjøP›`ª ivq

2. ÔCk¦ix‡i wRÁvwmj Ck¦ix cvUzbxÕ GLv‡b ÔCk¦ixÕ ej‡Z hv‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡QÑ

K. Ck¦ix †`ex L. Ck¦ix ivq

M. Ck¦ix cvUzbx N. Ck¦ix mvnv

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

Avjx A‡Uvwi·v Pvjv‡Z wM‡q A‡bK mgq wec‡` cov hvÎx‡`i gy‡LvgyLx nq| Gfv‡e †m GKw`b GKRb

gwnjv‡K iv¯Ívq GKvKx `uvwo‡q _vK‡Z †`‡L Zvi cwiPq Rvb‡Z Pvq| gwnjv Avjx‡K wb‡Ri me cwiPq

Rvbv‡jI ¯vgxi bvgwU e‡jwb|

3. DÏxc‡Ki gwnjvi m‡½ ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvi Kvi wgj i‡q‡Q?

K. Abœc~Y©v L. Ck¦ix cvUzbx

M. gvbwmsn N. fevb›`

4. DÏxcK I ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvq ¯vgxi bvg gy‡L wb‡Z PvIqv nqwb †h Kvi‡YÑ

K. ¯vgx †eKvi L. ¯vgx mš¿vmx

M. ms¯‹vi N. †jvKj¾v

Page 6: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ124 SSC-1651

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

5. fviZP›`ª ivq¸YvKi †Kvb ivRvi mfvKwe wQ‡jb?

K. K…òP›`ª ivq L. †MŠiv½P›`ª ivq M. gvwbKP›`ª ivq N. h‡kvavP›`ª ivq

6. ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvq Ô`y‡afv‡ZÕ _vKv n‡”QÑ

i. memgq `ya-fvZ LvIqv ii. Hk¦h©kvjx n‡Z PvIqv iii. cÖkvwšÍ‡Z Rxebhvcb Kiv

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i I ii L. i M. ii N. iii

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

Avgvi gv‡qi †PvL ggZvq c~Y© n‡q Av‡Q

wekvj bxie †gNgy³ mv`v AvKv‡ki g‡Zv!

7. DÏxcKwUi m‡½ ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvq hvi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡QÑ

K. Abœc~Y©v L. nwi‡nvo M. cvUzbx N. fevb›`

8. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvi mv „‡k¨i †ÿÎ n‡jvÑ

i. gvbeZv‡eva ii. Ck¦ifw³ iii. mšÍvbevrmj¨

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. i I ii

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

fvi‡Z gyNj mv¤ªv‡R¨i cÖwZôvZv m¤ªvU evei| ûgvqyb wQ‡jb Zuvi cig Av`‡ii mšÍvb| GKevi ûgvqyb KwVb †iv‡M

AvµvšÍ nb| A‡bK mva¨-mvabvi ciI Zvi †iv‡Mi †Kv‡bv Dckg nw”Qj bv| eis w`‡b w`‡b Ae¯’v AviI Lvivc

n‡Z _v‡K| AMZ¨v evei R‰bK `i‡e‡ki civg‡k© gnvb cÖfzi D‡Ï‡k¨ a¨vbgMœ nb| cÖfzi wbKU wZwb wb‡Ri

Rxe‡bi wewbg‡q cy‡Îi Rxeb wfÿv Pvb| gnvb cÖfz Zuvi cÖv_©bv gÄyi K‡ib| AZtci GKmgq m¤ªvU evei g„Zz¨i

†Kv‡j X‡j c‡ob| Avi ûgvqyb Abv‡ivM¨ e¨vwa †_‡K gyw³jvf K‡i Rxeb wd‡i cvb|

K. evgv¯i Kx?

L. ÔG Z †g‡q †g‡q bq †`eZv wbðqÕ ÑK_vwU †Kb ejv n‡q‡Q?

M. DÏxc‡Ki eve‡ii m‡½ ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvi †Kvb Pwi‡Îi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q? ÑAv‡jvPbv Kiyb|

N ÒDÏxcK I ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvi g~jmyi GKB|Ó Ñ gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Kiyb|

bgybv DËi : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K. evgv¯i k‡ãi A_© n‡”Q bvixKÉ A_©vr †g‡q‡`i Kɯi|

L. Ck¦ix cvUzbxi †Lqv †bŠKvq b`x cvi n‡Z Avmv ea~wUi cv‡qi ¯ú‡k© †muDwZ †mvbv n‡q †M‡j Zvi g‡b nq †h G

†g‡qwU mvaviY N‡ii †KD bq, G †Kv‡bv †`eZv n‡e|

ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvq †`ex Abœc~Yv© N‡ii eD‡qi QÙ‡e‡k b`x cvi n‡Z Av‡m| †Lqv †bŠKvi gvwS Ck¦ix

cvUzbx Zvi cwiPq Rvb‡Z Pvq| wKš‘ †`ex evOvwj bvix ¯vgxi bvg gy‡L †bq bv e‡j welqwU Gwo‡q hvb| c‡i

Ck¦ix cvUzbxi Aby‡iv‡a †`ex †bŠKvi †muDwZ‡Z cv iv‡Lb| Zvi ivOv Pi‡Yi †Quvqvq †muDwZ ZLb †mvbv n‡q

hvq| „k¨wU †`L‡Z †c‡q cvUzbx Abygvb K‡i †h, G †g‡qwU mvaviY †KD bq, wbðqB †Kv‡bv †`ex n‡eb|

M. DÏxc‡Ki ev`kvn eve‡ii m‡½ ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvi Ck¦ix cvUzbxi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q|

gvby‡li wbKU me‡P‡q wcÖq Zvi wb‡Ri Rxeb| mšÍv‡bi cÖvY euvPv‡Z gvbyl wb‡Ri Rxeb‡KI DrmM© Ki‡Z

cv‡i| mšÍv‡bi cÖwZ Mfxi fv‡jvevmv m¤ªvU evei I †bŠKvi gvwS Ck¦ix cvUzbx‡K mgch©v‡q wb‡q G‡m‡Q|

`yR‡biB fvebvi †K‡›`ª i‡q‡Q wb‡R‡`i wcÖqmšÍvb| G‡`i g‡a¨ GKRb wb‡Ri mšÍv‡bi cÖvY euvPv‡bvi Rb¨

Rxeb DrmM© K‡i‡Qb, Avi Ab¨Rb mšÍv‡bi g½j‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡q‡Qb|

Page 7: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ125

DÏxc‡K ev`kvn evei hLb ïb‡jb Zuvi †Kv‡bv wcÖq e ‘‡K wbtk¼ wP‡Ë DrmM© Ki‡j wcÖq mšÍv‡bi cÖvY wd‡i

cvIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q ZLb wZwb mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ wb‡Ri me‡P‡q wcÖq e ‘ Rxeb DrmM© Kivi wm×všÍ †bb|

wb‡Ri Rxe‡bi wewbg‡q mšÍv‡bi cÖvY iÿv K‡i ev`kvn evei evrmj¨cÖxwZi Pig civKvôv †`wL‡q‡Qb|

Abyiƒcfv‡e ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvq †`Lv hvq †bŠKvi gvwS Ck¦ix cvUzbx †`ex Abœc~Y©vi Kv‡Q wb‡Ri Rb¨ †Kv‡bv

ei bv †P‡q mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ mg„× fwel¨r Kvgbv K‡i‡Qb| Gfv‡e †`Lv hvq Ck¦ix cvUzbxi mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ Zxeª

fv‡jvevmv cÖKv‡ki m‡½ ev`kvn eve‡ii mšÍvb evrm‡j¨i mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q|

N. DÏxc‡Ki welqe ‘B ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvi g~j Av‡jL¨|

gvbyl wb‡R‡K me‡P‡q †ewk fv‡jvev‡m| Avevi wcZv-gvZvi wbKU wb‡Ri mšÍv‡bi Rxeb me‡P‡q g~j¨evb|

mšÍv‡bi my‡Li Rb¨ gvbyl wb‡Ri Rxe‡bi Avb›`-myL Z¨vM Ki‡Z wØav K‡i bv| ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvi g~jfve

n‡”Q mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ GKRb `i`x Rbbxi Acwi‡gq fv‡jvevmv| DÏxc‡Ki g‡a¨I GKRb fviZ m¤ªvU A_©vr

GKRb evev‡KI mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ Pig Z¨vM ¯xKvi Ki‡Z †`wL|

Kwe fviZP›`ª iwPZ ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvq †`ex Abœc~Y©v M„nea~i QÙ‡ek aviY K‡i b`x cvi nIqvi Rb¨

†LqvNv‡Ui gvwS Ck¦ix cvUzbxi †bŠKvq I‡Vb| Abœc~Y©vi cv`¯ú‡k© †bŠKvi †muDwZ †mvbv n‡q †M‡j Ck¦ix cvUzbx

eyS‡Z cv‡i Zvi †bŠKvi hvÎx †Kv‡bv mvaviY gwnjv bb| Aek¨ †`ex †kl ch©šÍ cvUzbxi wbKU wb‡Ri cwiPq

w`‡Z eva¨ nb| cieZ©x mg‡q †`ex cvUzbx‡K ei cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z e‡jb| cvUzbx †`exi wbKU Lye †ewk wKQ zPvqwb|

Aek¨ †m B”Qv Ki‡j wb‡Ri Rb¨ A‡bK abm¤ú` PvB‡Z cviZ| wKš‘ †m wb‡Ri Rb¨ wKQz bv †P‡q mšÍv‡bi

Rb¨ Ô`ya-fvZÕ A_©vr m”Qj Rxeb-hvc‡bi wbðqZv †P‡q‡Q| †gvUK_v wb‡Ri Rxe‡bi †P‡q mšÍv‡bi Rxeb‡K

†ewk ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q‡Q †LqvNv‡Ui gvwS Ck¦ix cvUzbx| DÏxc‡KI Avgiv GKB †PZbvi ewntcÖKvk jÿ Kwi|

GLv‡b ev`kvn eve‡ii cyÎ ûgvqyb †iv‡M kh¨vkvqx n‡q i‡q‡Qb| †Kv‡bv wPwKrm‡Ki wPwKrmvB Zv‡K fv‡jv

Ki‡Z cvi‡Q bv| Ae‡k‡l GKRb `i‡ek ev`kvn evei‡K civgk© w`‡jb evei †hb Zvi mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv

wcÖq e Íz DrmM© K‡ib|

ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvq wcZv mšÍv‡bi cÖkvwšÍgq Rxeb Kvgbv K‡i‡Qb| Avi DÏxc‡K evei gnvb cÖfzi wbKU

AviR K‡ib †h Zuvi Rxe‡bi wewbg‡q cyÎ ûgvq yb‡K †hb fv‡jv K‡i †`qv nq| †Kbbv evei Rv‡bb gvby‡li

wbKU Zvi wb‡Ri Rxe‡bi †P‡q wcÖq †Kv‡bv e ‘ †bB| cÖfzi wbKU wb‡Ri Rxeb‡K mgc©Y Ki‡jb ev`kvn

evei| AšÍ‡i Avkv Zuvi GKgvÎ mšÍvb †hb fv‡jv _v‡K| ZvB Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi, DÏxcK I ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ

KweZvi g~jmyi GKB |

A¨vmvBb‡g›U : wb‡R Kiæb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

bvgv‡hi N‡i †gvgevwZ gv‡b, `iMvq gv‡b `vb,

†Q‡j‡i Zvnvi fv‡jv K‡i `vI Kuv‡` Rbbxi cÖvY|

fv‡jv K‡i `vI Avjøv imyj fv‡jv K‡i `vI cxi,

Kwn‡Z Kwn‡Z gyLLvwb fv‡m ewnqv bqb bxi|

K. Ôei`vbÕ Kx?

L. fviZP‡›`ªi Kv‡e¨i ˆewkó¨ †Kgb?

M. DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvi †h w`KwU cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v Kiæb|

N. ÒDÏxcKwU ÔAvgvi mšÍvbÕ KweZvi mgMÖ fve‡K aviY K‡iwb|Ó Ñhyw³ mnKv‡i Av‡jvPbv Kiyb|

DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. M 2. L 3. K 4. M 5. K 6. N 7. M 8. M

Page 8: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ126 SSC-1651

K‡cvZvÿ b`

gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë

1824 wLª÷v‡ãi 25 Rvbyqvwi h‡kvi †Rjvi mvMi`uvwo MÖv‡g gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë GK abx cwiev‡i Rb¥MÖnY

K‡ib| Zuvi wcZvi bvg ivRbvivqY `Ë Ges gvZv Rvýex †`ex| gaym~`‡bi cÖv_wgK wkÿv ïiæ nq mvMi`vuwoi

MÖv‡gi cvVkvjvq| ˆkk‡eB wZwb Bs‡iwR fvlvq ey¨rcwË AR©b K‡ib| AZtci wZwb KjKvZvi wn› y K‡j‡R fwZ©

nb| G mgq wZwb wW‡ivwRI cÖfvweZ Bqs-†e½j `j Øviv we‡klfv‡e cÖfvweZ nb| evj¨Kvj †_‡KB gaym~`b

Bs‡iwR KweZvi cÖwZ we‡kl AbyivMx wQ‡jb| we‡j‡Z wM‡q wZwb eo Kwe n‡eb G-B wQj Zuvi ev‡j¨i ¯cœ| G

D‡Ï‡k¨B 1842 wLª÷v‡ã wZwb wLª÷ag© MÖnY K‡ib Ges Zuvi bv‡gi cÖ_‡g †hvM nq ÔgvB‡KjÕ| 1862 mv‡j

gaym~`b BD‡ivc hvb| wZwb jÛ‡b e¨vwi÷vwi cvm K‡ib| jÛb †_‡K wZwb d«v‡Ýi fvm©vB bMix‡Z hvb I †ek

K‡qK eQi Ae¯’vb K‡ib| cÖ_‡g Bs‡iwR fvlvq KweZv iPbv Avi¤¢ Ki‡jI wKQyw`‡bi g‡a¨B wZwb evsjv fvlvi

cÖwZ AbyivMx n‡q I‡Vb Ges evsjv fvlvq mvwnZ¨PP©v K‡i †i‡L hvb Aÿq Ae`vb| welq fvebv, Rxebv_© Ges

cÖKiY-ˆkjxi ¯vZ‡š¿ gaym~`‡bi iPbv AvaywbKZvi wkLi¯úkx©| AwgÎvÿi Q›`ixwZi Avwe®‹vi I Ô†gNbv`ea Kve¨Õ

iPbv Zuvi Agi KxwZ©| gnvKve¨, m‡bU, cÎKve¨, cÖnmb, Uª¨v‡RwW bvUK BZ¨vw` mvwnZ¨kvLv evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ wZwbB

cÖ_g cÖeZ©b K‡ib| 1873 wLª÷v‡ãi 29 Ryb KjKvZvi Avwjcyi †Rbv‡ij nvmcvZv‡j gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë †kl

wbtk¦vm Z¨vM K‡ib|

Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ iPbv :

Kve¨MÖš’ : wZ‡jvËgvm¤¢e Kve¨, †gNbv`ea Kve¨, exiv½bv Kve¨, PZz`©kc`x KweZvejx;

bvUK : cÙveZx, kwg©ôv, K…òKzgvix;

cÖnmb : G‡KB wK e‡j mf¨Zv?, ey‡ov mvwj‡Ki Nv‡o †ivu;

M`¨-Kve¨ : †nKUi-ea (Amgvß)|

evsjv Kve¨-mvwn‡Z¨ gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi ÔPZz`©kc`x KweZvejxÕ bvgK m‡bU Kve¨ †_‡K ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ

KweZvwU m¼wjZ n‡q‡Q| G KweZvq Kwei ˆkk‡e †`Lv K‡cvZvÿ b‡`i cÖwZ fv‡jvevmvi AšÍiv‡j ¯^‡`k‡cÖ‡gi

welqwU cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| mvgwqK †gv‡n cvðvZ¨ mvwn‡Z¨ AvZ¥cÖwZôvq e¨_© n‡q cÖevm Rxe‡b ¯‡`‡ki cÖwZ

Abyiv‡Mi ¯iƒc Zuvi ¯§„wZ weRwoZ eY©bvq ¯úó n‡q D‡V‡Q| Kwei AvK~j AvKywZ K‡cvZvÿ b` †hb Zuvi ¯‡`‡ki

cÖwZ ü`‡qi KvZiZv e½evmxi wbKU e¨³ K‡i|

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

m‡bU KweZvi ˆewkó¨ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

Kwei fvlv‡cÖg I †`k‡cÖ‡gi ¯iƒc e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

f~wgKv

Kwe-cwiwPwZ

Page 9: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ127

mZZ, †n b`, Zzwg co †gvi g‡b !

mZZ †Zvgvi K_v fvwe G wei‡j;

mZZ (†hgwZ †jvK wbkvi ¯c‡b

†kv‡b gvqv-gš¿aŸwb) Ze KjK‡j

RyovB G Kvb Avwg åvwšÍi Qj‡b !

eû †`‡k †`wLqvwQ eû b`-`‡j,

wKš‘ G †mœ‡ni Z…òv wg‡U Kvi R‡j?

`y»-†m&ªv‡Zvi~cx Zzwg Rb¥f~wg- ͇b|

Avi wK †n n‡e †`Lv? Ñ hZ w`b hv‡e,

cÖRvi~‡c ivRi~c mvM‡i‡i w`‡Z

evwi-i~c Ki Zzwg; G wgbwZ, Mv‡e

e½R R‡bi Kv‡b, m‡L, mLv-ix‡Z

bvg Zvi, G cÖev‡m gwR †cÖg-fv‡e

jB‡Q †h Ze bvg e‡½i msMx‡Z|

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

KiÑ LvRbv; ivR¯| KjK‡jÑ b`xi KjKj AvIqv‡R| wbkvÑ ivwÎ; ivZ| e½R RbÑ e‡½ R‡b¥‡Qb whwb, evOvwj|

e‡½i m½x‡ZÑ evsjvi Mv‡b| evwiÑ cvwb| evwi-iƒc KiÑ Rj iƒc LvRbv, cÖRv †hgb ivRv‡K Ki ev ivR¯ †`q

†Zgwb K‡cvZvÿ b`I mvMi‡K Rjiƒc Ki ev ivR¯ w`‡”Q| wei‡jÑ GKvšÍ wbwiwewj‡Z| åvwšÍÑ fzj| åvwšÍi

Qj‡bÑ fz‡ji Qjbvq| wgbwZÑ cÖv_©bv| †hgwZÑ †hgb| mLv-ix‡ZÑ eÜzi ixwZ‡Z; eÜzi wbq‡g| mZZÑ me©`v;

memgq|

PZz`©kc`x KweZvÑ Bs‡iwR‡Z Sonnet, evsjvq PZz`©kc`x KweZv| MxwZKweZvi †h iƒcwU †PŠÏ PiY Ges †PŠÏ

gvÎvi mgš^‡q MwVZ nq Zv‡K PZz`©kc`x KweZv ev m‡bU e‡j| PZz`©kc`x KweZvi cÖ_g AvU Pi‡Yi ÍeK‡K AóK

(Octave) Ges cieZx© Qq Pi‡Yi ÍeK‡K lóK (Sestet) e‡j| Aó‡K g~jZ fv‡ei cÖeZ©bv Ges ló‡K fv‡ei

cwiYwZ _v‡K| PZz`©kc`x KweZvq K‡qK cÖKvi AšÍ¨wgj cÖPwjZ Av‡Q| †hgb, cÖ_g AvU PiY : KLLK KLLK|

†kl Qq PiY : NOP NOP| A_ev cÖ_g AvU PiY : KLLM KLLM, †kl Qq PiY : NONO PP| ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ GKwU

PZz`©kc`x KweZv| GLv‡b wgjweb¨vm : KLKLKLLK MNMNMN|

mvims‡ÿc :

we‡`‡k e‡m †`‡ki b`x K‡cvZv‡ÿi K_v Kwei g‡b c‡o| eû †`‡ki wewPÎ b`x Kwe †`‡L‡Qb| wKš‘ IB b`xi

Zzjbv Avi †Kv_vI cvbwb| Zuvi Kv‡Q G b`x gv‡qi `y‡ai g‡Zv Z…wß`vqK| Kwei Avk¼v, Zuvi mv‡_ K‡cvZv‡ÿi

Avi †`Lv bvI n‡Z cv‡i| Kwei AvKzwZ : we‡`‡k e‡mI Kwe †h †`‡ki b`xiB Mvb MvB‡Qb, K‡cvZvÿ †hb

evsjvi gvbyl‡K †m K_vUv Rvbvq|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. m‡b‡Ui ‰ewkó¨ Kx?

K. AvU PiY, †PŠÏ gvÎv L. Qq PiY, Qq gvÎv M. †PŠÏ PiY, †PŠÏ gvÎv N. AvU PiY, AvU gvÎv

2. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq hv‡K ÔivRÕiƒ‡c Kíbv Kiv n‡q‡QÑ

K. mvMi‡K L. Kwe‡K M. Rb¥f~wg‡K N.¯‡`k‡K

g~jcvV

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KweZvÑ128 SSC-1651

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

Ô†Kv_vq nvwi‡q †Mj †mvbvjx we‡Kj¸‡jv †mBÑ

AvR Avi †bB|Õ

3 DÏxc‡K cÖKvwkZ Abyf~wZ wb‡Pi †Kvb iPbvq dz‡U D‡V‡Q?

K. Avgvi mšÍvb L. cwjøRbbx M. K‡cvZvÿ b` N. gvbyl

4. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ I DÏxc‡Ki Abyf~wZi †h wel‡q wgj i‡q‡QÑ

i. † œnKvZiZv ii. ¯§„wZKvZiZv iii. gvbe‡cÖg

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii. M. iii N. i I ii

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

5. gaym~`b `Ë KZ mv‡j wLª÷ag© MÖnY K‡ib?

K. 1841 L. 1842 M. 1843 N. 1844

6. Ôe½R R‡bi Kv‡bÕ GLv‡b Ôe½R RbÕ ej‡Z Kwe eywS‡q‡QbÑ

i. evsjvi cÖevmx RbMY‡K ii. evsjvq wbevmx RbMY‡K iii. evsjvfvlx wfb‡`kx RbMY‡K

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. i I iii

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

†n e½ fvÐv‡i Ze wewea iZb

Zv m‡e A‡eva Avwg Ae‡njv Kwi|

7. DÏxc‡Ki Avw½‡Ki m‡½ wb‡¤œi †Kvb KweZvi wgj i‡q‡Q?

K. ¯vaxbZv L. gvbyl M. cwjøRbbx N. K‡cvZvÿ b`

8. DÏxcK I ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡QÑ

K. †`k‡cÖg L. cÖK…wZ‡cÖg M. gvbe‡cÖg N. evrmj¨‡cÖg

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

jveY¨‡K D”Pwkÿv‡_© g¨vmvPz‡mUm& wmwU‡Z wkKo Mvo‡Z nq| †mLvbKvi cwi‡e‡k †m GL‡bv Lvc LvB‡q DV‡Z

cv‡iwb| mvivÿY Zvi AšÍi c‡o _v‡K †`‡k Ae ’vbiZ gv-evev Avi ¯Rb‡`i wbKU| cÖev‡m Rb¥f~wg evsjvi

cÖK…wZ Zvi †PvL Ry‡o † œ‡ni cik eywj‡q hvq| evsjv Mvb bv kyb‡j Zvi †Pv‡L Nyg Av‡m bv| Gfv‡e kq‡b-¯c‡b

†`k Ges †`‡ki gvbyl¸‡jv Zvi wbKU ¯cœgq n‡q I‡V|

K. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi Agi KxwZ© †KvbwU?

L. ÔPZz`©kc`x KweZvÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?

M. DÏxc‡Ki jve‡Y¨i m‡½ ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi Kwei mv`„k¨ †Kv_vq? Ñe¨vL¨v Kiyb|

N. ÒjveY¨ I Kwei fvevbyf~wZi AšÍiv‡j KvR K‡i‡Q Mfxi †`k‡cÖg|Ó ÑDÏxcK I ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ

KweZvi Av‡jv‡K gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Kiyb|

bgybv DËi : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi Agi KxwZ© Ô†gNbv`ea Kve¨Õ|

L. MxwZKweZvi †h iƒcwU †PŠÏ PiY Ges †PŠÏ gvÎvi mgš^‡q MwVZ nq Zv‡K PZz`©kc`x KweZv ev m‡bU e‡j|

m‡bU KL‡bv †PŠÏ Pi‡Yi Kg ev †ewk nq bv| cÖwZPi‡Y mvaviYZ †PŠÏwU gvÎv e¨wZµg wn‡m‡e AvVv‡iv gvÎv

_v‡K| m‡b‡Ui cÖ_g AvU Pi‡Yi ÍeK‡K ejv nq AóK Ges †kl Qq Pi‡Yi ÍeK ejv nq lUK| cÖ_g Íe‡K

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SSC-1651 KweZvÑ129

A_©vr Aó‡K _v‡K fv‡ei we Ívi, Avi †kl ¯Íe‡K A_©vr lU‡K _v‡K fv‡ei cwimgvwß| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ gvB‡Kj

gaym~`b `ËB cÖ_g m‡bU RvZxq KweZvi cÖeZ©b K‡ib|

M. ¯‡`k I Rb¥f~wgi cÖwZ Abyf~wZi w`K w`‡q Kwe gaym~`b I jve‡Y¨i g‡a¨ mv`„k¨ †`Lv hvq|

¯‡`k‡cÖg GKwU Akixix Abyf~wZ| c„w_exi mKj gvbylB Rb¥f~wgi gvwU, gvbyl, cÖK…wZ‡K fv‡jvev‡m| c„w_exi

cÖ‡Z¨K gvbylB ¯‡`‡ki Rb¨ wein †e`bv Abyfe K‡i| ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq Kwe I DÏxc‡Ki jve‡Y¨i

g‡a¨ Avgiv †mB AK…wÎg †`k‡cÖ‡gi wPÎB †`L‡Z cvB|

DÏxc‡Ki jveY¨ g¨vmvPz‡mUm& wmwU‡Z D”Pwkÿvi Rb¨ cvwo Rgvq| †mLv‡b Zvi wKQzB fv‡jv jv‡M bv| memgq

Zvi gb c‡o _v‡K †`‡k gv-evev Avi ¯Rb‡`i wbKU| evsjvi cÖK…wZ, evsjvi gvbyl, evsjvi Mvb Zv‡K

nvZQvwb w`‡q Wv‡K| †hgb ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq Kwe gaym~`b cÖevm Rxe‡b wbR †`‡ki wcÖq b`xwU‡K fzj‡Z

cv‡ibwb| Rxe‡bi cÖ‡qvR‡b Kwe KZ †`‡k wM‡q‡Qb, K‡Zv b`x-m‡ivei †`‡L‡Qb, wKš‘ Zvi cÖv‡Yi Z…òv

†g‡Uwb|GKgvÎ K‡cvZvÿ b‡`i Rj Zvi † œ‡ni Z…òv †gUv‡Z cv‡i e‡j wZwb g‡b K‡ib| Rb¥f~wg‡K

fv‡jvev‡mb e‡jB Kwei g‡b G Abyf~wZ KvR K‡i‡Q| ejv hvq, cÖevm Rxe‡bi Avb›`-Djøvm wKsev †fvM-

wejvm Kwe gaym~`b wKsev jveY¨ Kv‡iv Kv‡Q fv‡jv jv‡Mwb| Df‡qi Kv‡Q †`k‡cÖg Z_v Rb¥f~wg cÖxwZB eo

n‡q †`Lv w`‡q‡Q| e ‘Z †`k‡cÖ‡gi w`K †_‡KB Kwe I jve‡Y¨i g‡a¨ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q|

N. jveY¨ I Kwe gaym~`‡bi Mfxi Abyf~wZi †cQ‡b †h welqwU KvR K‡i‡Q Zv n‡”Q AK…wÎg †`k‡cÖg|

ev¯Íe c„w_ex‡Z GKRb †`k‡cÖwgK gvbyl KL‡bvB Zvi †`k‡K fzj‡Z cv‡ib bv| †`‡ki gvwU, gvbyl, b`-b`x,

gvqvfiv cÖK…wZ mewKQzB †hb Zv‡K wd‡i wd‡i Wv‡K| †Kej Rb¥f~wgi Av‡jv, evZvm Avi cvwb‡Z Zvi cÖv‡Yi

Z…òv †g‡U| e¯‘Z Gi ¯iƒcB dz‡U D‡V‡Q DÏxcK Avi ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq|

DÏxc‡K Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB jveY¨ cov‡kvbvi Rb¨ g¨vmvPz‡mUm&-G †M‡jI †mLv‡b †m gb emv‡Z cv‡i bv|

Zvi AšÍi Ry‡o _v‡K evsjvi gvwU, gvbyl, cÖK…wZ Avi Zvi AvcbRb| †m mvivÿY AšÍ‡i Abyfe K‡i evsjvi

ggZvgqx iƒc‡K| Zvi Rb¥f~wg evsjv †hb Zv‡K memgq nvZQvwb w`‡q Wv‡K| Kwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi

ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvqI AK…wÎg ¯‡`kcÖxwZ cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q| KweI Rxe‡b A‡bK †`k Ny‡i‡Qb| wZwb d«v‡Ý

wM‡q‡Qb eo Kwe nIqvi Avkvq| wKš‘ †mLv‡b Zuvi ˆkke I ˆK‡kv‡ii Avb›` wKsev †e`bv-weayi ¯§„wZ mvivÿY

Kuv`vq| wZwb Av‡e‡M AvcøyZ nb, my`~i d«v‡Ý e‡mI †hb K‡cvZv‡ÿi KjKj aŸwb ïb‡Z cvb| we‡`‡ki

gvwU‡Z Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Rj Zuvi † œ‡ni Z…òv †gUv‡Z cv‡i bv| GKgvÎ K‡cvZvÿ b‡`i RjB †hb †gUv‡Z cv‡i

Zuvi AšÍ‡ii AZ…ß Z…òv| Gfv‡e Kwe †`‡ki evB‡i Mfxifv‡e Abyfe K‡ib wb‡Ri †`k‡K, Rb¥f~wg‡K| ZvB

ejv hvq, jveY¨ I Kwei Mfxi Rxeb Abyf~wZi AšÍiv‡j KvR K‡i‡Q Mfxi †`k‡cÖg|

A¨vmvBb‡g›U : wb‡R Kiæb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ: `yÕcv‡k av‡bi †ÿZ

miæ c_

mvg‡b ayay b`xi wKbvi

Avgvi Aw ͇Z¡ Muv_v| Avwg DavI b`xi

gy» GK A‡eva evjK|

K. evsjv Kv‡e¨ AwgÎvÿi Q‡›`i cÖeZ©b K‡ib †K?

L. ÔåvwšÍi Qj‡bÕ ej‡Z Kwe Kx eywS‡q‡Qb?

M. DÏxc‡K ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi †h fvewU cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q Zv Zz‡j aiyb|

N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki fvewUB †hb K‡cvZvÿ b` KweZvi g~j myi|Ó ÑAv‡jvPbv Kiyb|

DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. M 2. K 3. M 4. L 5. M 6. L 7. N 8. K

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KweZvÑ130 SSC-1651

Rxeb m½xZ

†ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq

†ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq 1838 mv‡ji 17 GwcÖj ûMwj †Rjvi ¸wjUv ivRejøfnvU MÖv‡g Zuvi gvZzjvj‡q Rb¥MÖnY

K‡ib| †ngP‡›`ªi ˆcZ…K wbevm wQj ûMwji DËicvov MÖv‡g| Zuvi wcZv ˆKjvkP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq wQ‡jb Lye `wi ª|

†ngP›`ª KjKvZvi wLw`icyi evsjv ¯‹z‡j covKv‡j Avw_©K msK‡U c‡ob I cov‡kvbv eÜ n‡q hvq| AZtci AZ¨šÍ

†gavwe †ngP›`ª KjKvZv ms¯‹„Z K‡j‡Ri Aa¨ÿ cÖmbœKzgvi me ©vwaKvixi AvkÖ‡q Bs‡iwR †k‡Lb Ges wn›`y ¯‹z‡j fwZ©

n‡q Rywbqi I wmwbqi Dfq cixÿvq e„wË cvb| c‡i wZwb 1859 mv‡j KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K œvZK I 1866

mv‡j weGj wWwMÖ jvf K‡ib| 1861 mv‡j nvB‡Kv‡U©i DwKj nb| 1862 mv‡j gy‡Ýd wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM †c‡jI Zv

†Q‡o w`‡q Avevi IKvjwZ ïiæ K‡ib| 1890 mv‡j nvB‡Kv‡U©i miKvwi DwKj nb| Kg©Rxe‡b wZwb AvBbRxex

wn‡m‡e cÖwZôv †c‡jI †klRxe‡b Avw_©K m¼‡U c‡ob| †ngP‡›`ªi GKwU we‡kl ˆewkó¨ wQ‡jv wZwb †hgb ¸iæM¤¢xi

AvL¨vwqKv Kve¨ iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb †Zgwb Avevi mnR my‡ii LÐKweZv, IRw¯^bx ¯‡`km½xZ Ges jNy KweZvI iPbv

K‡iwQ‡jb| ew¼gP›`ª Zuvi iPbvi AbyivMx wQ‡jb Ges wK‡kvi iex›`ªbv‡_i †jLvq Zuvi Qvqv c‡owQj| Zuvi

RbwcÖqZvi g~‡j wQ‡jv ¯‡`kwPšÍv I Dwbk kZ‡Ki evOvwji mgvR I ivóªxq g~j¨‡ev‡ai ewjô iƒcvqY, fvlv I

Q‡›`i AbM©jZv| †klRxe‡b wZwb AÜ n‡q hvb Ges 1903 mv‡ji 24 †g g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib|

Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Kve¨MÖš’ :

wPšÍvZiw½Yx (1861), exievû (1864), e„Îmsnvi (1875), AvkvKvbb (1876), Qvqvgqx (1880)|

ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvwU †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi Abyev`g~jK iPbv †_‡K M„nxZ| KweZvwU gvwK©b Kwe Henry

Wadsworth Longfellow (1807-1882)-Gi 'A Psalm of life' kxl©K Bs‡iwR KweZvi fvevbyev`|

KweZvwU‡Z AZ¨šÍ g~j¨evb I ÿY ’vqx gvbeRxe‡bi cÖK…Z A_© I D‡Ïk¨ m¤ú‡K© Ávb jvf K‡i h_v_© K‡g©i gva¨‡g

RM‡Z wU‡K _vKvi aviYv jvf Kiv hv‡e| Rxe‡bi cÖK…Z g~j¨ Abyaveb K‡i msmv‡i wbR wbR `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b gnvb

e¨w³‡`i Av`k© Abymi‡Yi gva¨‡g eiYxq nIqvi cÖwµqv KweZvwU‡Z cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

gvbe-Rxe‡bi D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

gvbe-Rxe‡bi DbœwZi Dcvq we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

f~wgKv

Kwe-cwiwPwZ

Page 13: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ131

e‡jv bv KvZi ¯‡i e„_v Rb¥ G msmv‡i

G Rxeb wbkvi ¯^cb,

`viv cyÎ cwievi, Zzwg Kvi †K †Zvgvi

e‡j Rxe K‡iv bv µ›`b;

gvbe-Rbg mvi, Ggb cv‡e bv Avi

evn¨`„‡k¨ fz‡jv bv †i gb;

Ki hZœ n‡e Rq, RxevZ¥v AwbZ¨ bq,

I‡n Rxe Ki AvwKÂb|

K‡iv bv my‡Li Avk, c‡iv bv `y‡Li duvm,

Rxe‡bi D‡Ïk¨ Zv bq,

msmv‡i msmvix mvR, K‡iv wbZ¨ wbR KvR,

f‡ei DbœwZ hv‡Z nq|

w`b hvq ÿY hvq, mgq Kvnv‡iv bq,

†e‡M avq bvwn i‡n w ’i,

mnvq m¤ú` ej, mKwj NyPvq Kvj,

Avqy †hb ˆkev‡ji bxi|

msmv‡i-mgiv½‡b hy× Ki `„pc‡Y,

f‡q fxZ nBI bv gvbe;

Ki hy× exh©evb, hvq hv‡e hvK cÖvY

gwngvB RM‡Z `yj©f|

g‡bvni g~wZ© †n‡i, I‡n Rxe AÜKv‡i,

fwel¨‡Z K‡iv bv wbf©i;

AZxZ my‡Li w`b, cybt Avi †W‡K G‡b,

wPš Ív K‡i nBI bv KvZi|

gnvÁvbx gnvRb, †h c‡_ K‡i Mgb,

n‡q‡Qb cÖvZt¯§iYxq,

†mB c_ jÿ¨ K‡i ¯xq KxwZ© aŸRv a‡i

AvgivI ne eiYxq

mgi-mvMi-Zx‡i, c`v¼ Aw¼Z K‡i

AvgivI ne †n Agi;

†mB wPý jÿ K‡i, Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Rb c‡i,

h‡kvØv‡i Avwm‡e mZ¡i|

K‡iv bv gvbeMY, e„_v ÿq G Rxeb,

msmvi-mgiv½b gv‡S;

m¼í K‡iQ hvnv, mvab Kin Zvnv,

iZ n‡q wbR wbR Kv‡R|

g~jcvV

Page 14: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ132 SSC-1651

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

AwbZ¨Ñ A ’vqx; hv wPiKv‡ji bq| AvwKÂbÑ †Póv; AvKv•ÿv| Avqy †hb ˆkev‡ji bxiÑ †kIjvi Ici cvwbi

†duvUvi g‡Zv ÿY ’vqx| AvkÑ Avkv| KvZi ¯‡iÑ `ye©j K‡É; KiæYfv‡e| µ›`bÑ Kvbœv| NyPvqÑ AwZevwnZ ev

AwZµvšÍ nIqv| RxevZ¥vÑ gvby‡li AvZ¥v; AvZ¥v hw`I Agi, wKš‘ gvby‡li g„Zz¨ Awbevh©, Kv‡RB †`n †Q‡o AvZ¥v

GKw`b P‡j hv‡e, wPiKvj †`n‡K AuvK‡o _vK‡Z cvi‡e bv| `vivÑ ¿x| `yj©fÑ `y®úÖvc¨; cvIqv KwVb| `„pc‡YÑ

AUj msKí| aŸRvÑ cZvKv; wbkvb| wbkvi ¯cbÑ wg_¨v ev Amvi fvebv| c`v¼Ñ †Kv‡bv gnr e¨w³i K…ZKg© ev

PwiÎ| cÖvZt¯§iYxqÑ mKvj †ejvq ¯§iY Kivi †hvM¨; A_©vr mK‡ji kÖ×v I m¤§v‡bi cvÎ| duvmÑ duvwm; B”Qv

Abyhvqx k³ ev wkw_j Kiv hvq Ggb i¾y ev `woi euvab| eiYxqÑ m¤§v‡bi †hvM¨| evn¨`„‡k¨Ñ evB‡ii RM‡Zi

PvKwPK¨gq i~‡c ev wRwb‡m| exh©evbÑ kw³gvb| e„_vÑ e¨_©| gnvÁvbx gnvRbÑ KxwZ©gvb gnr e¨w³| f‡eiÑ

RM‡Zi; msmv‡ii| gwngvÑ †MŠie| h‡kvØviÑ L¨vwZi Øvi| mgiv½‡bÑ hyׇÿ‡Î (Kwe gvby‡li Rxeb‡K hyׇÿ‡Îi

m‡½ Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb)| msmv‡i-mgiv½‡bÑ hyׇÿ‡Î mvnmx ˆmwb‡Ki g‡Zv msmv‡iI bvbv NvZ-cÖwZNv‡Zi

†gvKv‡ejv K‡i †eu‡P _vK‡Z n‡e| mviÑ GKgvÎ m¤j| ¯cbÑ iv‡Zi ¯‡cœi g‡ZvB wg_¨v ev Amvi| ¯xqÑ wbR;

Avcb|

mvims‡ÿc :

gvby‡li Rxeb cig g~j¨evb| G Rxeb ¯cœ ev gvqv bq; AKviYI bq| `yt‡Li Rb¨ nv-ûZvk ev my‡Li Rb¨

KvZiZv †`wL‡q jvf †bB| eis KZ©e¨K‡g© AMÖmi n‡q evavweNœ Rq KivB mdjZvi Dcvq| gnvcyiæl‡`i

AbymiY Kiv Riæwi| Zvn‡j AvgivI Zuv‡`i g‡Zv n‡Z cvie| Rxe‡b mvdj¨ jv‡fi Rb¨ `iKvi wec`

†gvKv‡ejv Kiv Avi m¼‡í `„p _vKv|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. Ôe„ÎmsnviÕ Kx RvZxq iPbv?

K. MxwZKve¨ L. gnvKve¨

M. Kvwnwb Kve¨ N. cÎKve¨

2. ÔRxeb m½xZÕ GKwUÑ

i. Abyev`g~jK KweZv ii. bxwZwkÿvg~jK KweZv iii. fvevbyev`g~jK KweZv

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii

M. iii N. i, ii I iii

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

mygšÍ KvwÄjvj Zvi AZx‡Zi ¯Y©gq Rxe‡bi K_v †f‡e AvKzj nb| †Kbbv AvR wZwb wbt¯, wi³| †Kv‡bv

wKQz‡ZB Zvi gb mvq †`q bv|

3. DÏxc‡Ki fv‡ei cÖwZdjb †`Lv hvq †h KweZvqÑ

K. cÖvY L. gvbyl

M. Rxeb m½xZ N. K‡cvZvÿ b`

4. ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZv Abyhvqx mygšÍ KvwÄjv‡ji fvebvÑ

i. Rxe‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask ii. mdjZvi Rb¨ †cÖiYv iii. mdjZvi Rb¨ cÖwZeÜKZv

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii. N. i, ii I iii

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SSC-1651 KweZvÑ133

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

5. ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvwU †Kvb KweZvi Abyev`?

K. A Psalm of life L. A Passion of life

M. The Sands of Dee N. The Horns of Dilema

6. Ô‰kev‡ji bxiÕ Øviv Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?

K. eiYxq L. `xN© ’vqx

M. ÿY ’vqx N. ¯§iYxq

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

Zv hw` bv cvwi, Z‡e euvwP hZKvj

†Zvgv‡`wi gvSLv‡b jwf †hb VuvB|

7. ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvi †h welqwU DÏxc‡K cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡QÑ

K. L¨vwZ L. weË

M. AgiZ¡ N. we`¨v

8. DÏxcK I ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvq cÖKvwkZ RxebÑ

K. wbkvi ¯cb L. mgiv½b

M. Zvrch©gq N. gvqvi RMr

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

mgq †M‡j mvab n‡e bv|

w`b _vK‡Z w`‡bi mvab †Kb Ki‡j bv \

Rvb bv gb Lv‡j we‡j

gxb _v‡K bv Rj ïKv‡j

Kx nq Zvi euvab w`‡j

ïKbv †gvnbv \

Amg‡q K…wl K‡i

wgQvwgwQ †L‡U g‡i

MvQ hw` nq ex‡Ri †Rv‡i

dj †Zv a‡i bv \

K. Ôwbkvi ¯cbÕ A_© Kx?

L. Ôf‡ei DbœwZÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?

M. DÏxcKwU ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvi Kwei Rxeb fvebv‡K Kxfv‡e cÖwZdwjZ K‡i? ÑAv‡jvPbv Kiyb|

N. ÒDÏxcKwU ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvi †Kej GKwU we‡kl w`K‡K Zz‡j a‡i‡Q|Ó Ñwe‡kølY Kiyb|

bgybv DËi : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-1 Gi bgybv DËi:

K. ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvq e¨eüZ Ôwbkvi ¯cbÕ k‡ãi A_© n‡”Q iv‡Zi ¯^cœ|

L. ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvq f‡ei DbœwZ ej‡Z msmvi Z_v c„w_exi DbœwZ‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q|

cÖPwjZ A‡_© msmvi ej‡Z `viv-cyÎ-cwiR‡bi mgevq‡K †evSvq| wKš‘ e¨vcK A‡_© msmvi gv‡b gvby‡li

emev‡mi †ÿÎ Z_v c„w_ex| fe gv‡b GB c„w_exB| e¨w³ gvbyl hw` wbR Kg© m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb nq, Zvi Kg©

m¤ú‡K© `vwqZ¡kxj nq Ges †m Zv myôziƒ‡c cvjb K‡i Z‡eB f‡ei DbœwZ n‡e| g~jZ KvR‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡j ïay

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KweZvÑ134 SSC-1651

c„w_exi DbœwZB bq, eis e¨vw³ gvby‡liI DbœwZ mvab nq| e¨w³ Zvi gwngv jvf K‡i Ges †m Rxe‡bi cÖK…Z

¯v`I cvq| e¯‘Z ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvq Ôf‡ei DbœwZÕ DbœwZ ej‡Z Kwe GwU‡KB eywS‡q‡Qb|

M. DÏxc‡K eZ©gvb‡K ¸iæZ¡ †`qv n‡q‡Q| Avi Gw`KwUB ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvq ewY©Z Kwei Rxeb fvebvq

cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q|

eyw×gv‡biv eZ©gv‡bi fvebvB fv‡eb| †Kbbv AZxZ wb‡q c‡o _vKvi †Kv‡bv gv‡b nq bv| eis Zv gvby‡li

Rxeb‡K ’wei I Ro K‡i †`q| ZvQvov †Kej AZxZ wb‡q fve‡j A‡bK mgq fwel¨‡Zi cv‡_qI AwbwðZ

n‡q c‡o| GKRb gvbyl‡K eZ©gv‡bi m‡ev©Ëg e¨enviB mdj K‡i Zzj‡Z cv‡i|

ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvq Kwe e‡j‡Qb c„w_ex‡Z gvbe Rb¥ AZ¨šÍ g~j¨evb| AZxZ Rxe‡bi myL-¯§„wZ †ivgš’b

K‡i Kv‡ivi KvZi nIqv DwPZ bq| my‡Li cÖwZgv M‡o ARvbv fwel¨‡Zi Rb¨ A‡cÿv KivI †evKvwg|

DÏxc‡KI †`Lv hvq eZ©gv‡bi KvR eZ©gv‡bB Ki‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q| welqwU‡K bvbv D`vni‡Yi gva¨‡g DÏxc‡K

†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q| †mLv‡b ¯úó K‡i ejv n‡q‡Q, mgq A_©vr eZ©gvb cvi n‡q †M‡j mvab n‡e bv| myZivs

DÏxcK I ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvi mv`„k¨c~Y© w`KwU n‡jv eZ©gvb‡K h_vm¤¢e ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q mwVK mg‡q mwVK

KvRwU Kiv| ZvB ejv hvq, DÏxc‡Ki Rxeb fvebv ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvq cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q|

N. mg‡qi KvR mg‡q Kiv DwPZ, ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvi GB we‡kl fvewUB DÏxc‡K dz‡U D‡V‡Q|

f‡ei msmv‡i gvbe Rxeb AZ¨šÍ g~j¨evb| GLv‡b wg_¨v my‡Li cÖwZgv M‡o †Kv‡bv jvf †bB| Aek¨ gvbe

Rxe‡bi D‡Ïk¨I Zv bq| msmv‡i evm Ki‡Z n‡j msmv‡ii `vwqZ¡ m~Pviyiƒ‡c cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kbbv ˆeivM¨

mva‡b gvby‡li gyw³ †bB|

ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvq ejv n‡q‡Q gvby‡li Rxeb †Kej wbQK ¯cœ bq| Avi G c„w_ex‡K †Kej ¯cœ I gvqvi

RMr ejv P‡j bv| AZxZ my‡Li w`b I AbvMZ fwel¨‡Zi K_v †f‡e eZ©gvb‡K ev` w`‡j Pj‡e bv| eZ©gv‡bB

eZ©gv‡bi KvR K‡i †h‡Z n‡e| Ab¨w`‡K DÏxc‡K †ek K‡qKwU Dcgv I wPÎKí e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| ejv

n‡q‡Q b`x‡Z Rj ïKv‡j †hgb gvQ _v‡K bv, †Zgwb Amg‡q K…wlKvR Ki‡j †Kv‡bv dj Av‡m bv| DÏxc‡Ki

Kwei fvlvq ejv hvq, mgq †M‡j mvab nq bv| ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvq gvbe Rxe‡bi A‡bK¸‡jv cÖm½

G‡m‡Q| wKš‘ DÏxc‡K evi evi G‡m‡Q GKwU cÖm½| Avi GB welqwU n‡”Q mg‡qi h_v‡hvM¨ e¨envi| ZvB

ejv hvq, DÏxcKwU ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvi GKwU we‡kl w`K‡K Zz‡j a‡i‡Q, KweZvi mgMÖ fve‡K bq|

A¨vmvBb‡g›U : wb‡R Kiæb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ:

mg‡qi hviv mبenvi K‡i, Zviv wRZ‡eB| mg‡qB UvKv, mgq UvKvi †P‡q †ewk| Rxeb‡K DbœZ K‡iv KvR K‡i|

Ávb AR©b K‡iv| Pwi·K wVK K‡i e‡m _v‡Kv| K…c‡Yi g‡Zv mg‡qi KvQ †_‡K †Zvgvi cvIbv ey‡S bvI|

K. ÔcÖvZt¯§iYxqÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?

L. ÔRxevZ¥vÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?

M. DÏxc‡Ki †h welqwU ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvq cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q Zv Zz‡j aiæb|

N. ÒDÏxcK I ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvq i‡q‡Q Rxeb‡K mg„× Kivi gnr evYx|Ó Ñwe‡kølY Kiyb|

DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. L 2. N 3. M 4. M 5. K 6. M 7. M 8. M

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SSC-1651 KweZvÑ135

cÖvY

iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi

iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi 1861 wLª÷v‡ãi 7†g (1268 e½v‡ãi 25 ˆekvL) KjKvZvi †Rvovmuv‡Kvi VvKzi cwiev‡i Rb¥MÖnY

K‡ib| Zuvi wcZv gnwl© †`‡e›`ªbv_ VvKzi I gvZv mvi`v †`ex| evj¨Kv‡j iex›`ªbv_‡K Iwi‡q›Uvj †mwgbvwi, bg©vj

¯‹zj, †e½j GKv‡Wwg cªf…wZ wkÿv cÖwZôv‡bi †jLvcovi Rb¨ cvVv‡bv n‡jI we`¨vj‡qi cov‡jLvi cÖwZ wZwb

g‡bv‡hvMx wQ‡jb bv| d‡j Zuvi cÖvwZôvwbK wkÿv †ewk ~i AMÖmi nqwb| VvKzi evwoi AbyK‚j cwi‡e‡k ˆkk‡eB

iex›`ªbv‡_i Kwe cÖwZfvi D‡b¥l N‡U| 1876 mv‡j c‡bi eQi eq‡m cÖKvwkZ nq Zuvi cÖ_g Kve¨MÖš’ ÔebdzjÕ|

AZtci KweZv, Dcb¨vm, †QvUMí, bvUK, cÖeÜ, wkïmvwnZ¨, ågYmvwnZ¨, ig¨iPbv, m½xZ BZ¨vw` kvLvq iex›`ªbv_

†i‡L †M‡Qb Zuvi Amvgvb¨ wkícÖwZfvi ¯vÿi| 1901 mv‡j wZwb cÖwZôv K‡ib Ôkvwš Íwb‡KZb we`¨vjq|Õ G

we`¨vjqB cieZ©xKv‡j Ôwek¦fviZx wek¦we`¨vjqÕ-G iƒcjvf K‡i| 1913 mv‡j iex›`ªbv_ Zuvi Bs‡iwR ÔMxZvÄwjÕ

(1911) Kv‡e¨i Rb¨ †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib| iex›`ªbv_ evsjv‡`‡k cÖ_g K…wle¨vsK ’vcb K‡ib| evsjv‡`‡ki

wkjvB`n, cwZmi Ges kvnRv`cy‡i Rwg`vwii ZË¡veavb-m~‡Î iex›`ªbv_ Zuvi Rxe‡bi GKUv D‡j øL‡hvM¨ mgq

AwZevwnZ K‡ib| evsjv KweZv‡K wZwbB cÖ_g †`‡ki mxgvbv Qvwo‡q Avš ÍR©vwZK cwigЇj cÖmvwiZ K‡ib| evsjv

†QvUMí‡K wZwbB evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ cÖwZwôZ K‡ib| MxwZKvi I wPÎwkíx wn‡m‡eI iex›`ªbv‡_i Ae`vb Abb¨mvaviY|

wZwb 1941 mv‡ji 7 AvM÷ (1348 e½v‡ãi 22 kªveY) KjKvZvq ci‡jvKMgb K‡ib|

Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ iPbv :

KweZv : gvbmx, †mvbviZix, wPÎv, MxZvÄwj, ejvKv, †kl‡jLv;

Dcb¨vm : †Pv‡Li evwj, †Mviv, N‡i evB‡i, †hvMv‡hvM, †k‡li KweZv;

†QvUMí : Mí¸”Q, wZbm½x, Mímí;

bvUK : wemR©b, ivRv, APjvqZb, WvKNi, i³Kiex;

cÖeÜ : AvaywbK mvwnZ¨, gvby‡li ag©, KvjvšÍi, mvwn‡Z¨i ¯iƒc;

AvZ¥Rxebx : Rxeb¯§„wZ, †Q‡j‡ejv|

wek¦Kwe iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvwU ÔKwo I †KvgjÕ Kve¨MÖš’ †_‡K msKwjZ n‡q‡Q| GB KweZvq ¯xq

m„wóK‡g©i g‡a¨ w`‡q gvby‡li gv‡S †eu‡P _vKvi AvKv•ÿv e¨³ n‡q‡Q| gvbe Kj¨v‡Y AvZ¥wb‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡gB AgiZ¡

jvf Kiv m¤¢e| Avi gvby‡li gv‡S wPi¯§iYxq _vKvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb gnr m„wói `„p msKí|

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

Rxe‡bi mv_©KZv m¤ú‡K© Kwei aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

Kwe I KweZvi KvR eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

f~wgKv

Kwe-cwiwPwZ

Page 18: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ136 SSC-1651

gwi‡Z Pvwn bv Avwg my›`i fze‡b,

gvb‡ei gv‡S Avwg euvwPev‡i PvB|

GB m~h©K‡i GB cyw®úZ Kvb‡b

Rxeš Í ü`q-gv‡S hw` ’vb cvB !

aivq cÖv‡Yi †Ljv wPiZiw½Z,

wein wgjb KZ nvwm-AkÖægq Ñ

gvb‡ei my‡L `yt‡L Muvw_qv msMxZ

hw` †Mv iwP‡Z cvwi Agi-Avjq !

Zv hw` bv cvwi, Z‡e euvwP hZ Kvj

†Zvgv‡`wi gvSLv‡b jwf †hb VuvB,

†Zvgiv Zzwj‡e e‡j mKvj weKvj

be be msMx‡Zi Kzmyg dzUvB|

nvwm gy‡L wb‡qv dzj, Zvi c‡i nvq

†d‡j w`‡qv dzj, hw` †m dzj ïKvq \

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

Agi AvjqÑ Agi m„wó A‡_©| KvbbÑ evMvb| wPiZiw½ZÑ me©`v K‡jøvwjZ; engvb| RxešÍ n„`q gv‡SÑ iex›`ªbv_

VvKzi Zuvi mg¯Í m„wó‡Z gvby‡li gv‡S †eu‡P _vKvi AvKv•ÿv cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| Av‡jvP¨ As‡k Zuvi GB AvKv•ÿvi

Bw½Z cvIqv hvq| VuvBÑ wVKvbv; ’vb| be be m½x‡Zi Kzmyg dzUvBÑ iex›`ªbv‡_i m„wói RMr wecyj; gvby‡li

Rxe‡bi wewPÎ Abyfe-Abyf~wZ, fve-fvebv I K‡g©i RMr‡K wZwb Zuvi m„wói g‡a¨ cÖvYgq K‡i Zzj‡Z †P‡q‡Qb|

Zuvi †mB m„wói ga¨ †_‡K i~c-im-MÜ †hb gvbyl Abyfe Ki‡Z cv‡i Zvi Rb¨ wZwb cÖwZwbqZ dzwU‡q Zzj‡Qb m„wói

Kzmyg| weinwgjb KZ nvwm-AkÖægqÑ gvby‡li Rxeb Kzmygv¯ÍxY© bq| nvwm-Kvbœv; Avb›`-†e`bv wb‡q Zvi Rxeb|

iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi gvbe Rxe‡bi GB ˆewP‡Î¨i g‡a¨ ’vb K‡i wb‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| Avi Zuvi m„wói g‡a¨ d ywU‡q Zzj‡Z

†P‡q‡Qb hvwcZ Rxe‡bi myL-`ytL, nvwm-Kvbœvi wecyj GK AvL¨vb| fze‡bÑ c„w_ex‡Z; aivq| jwfÑ jvf Kwi| m~h©

K‡iÑ m~‡h©i Av‡jv‡Z|

mvims‡ÿc :

`ywbqvUv my›`i| GB my›`i †Q‡o Kwe gi‡Z Pvb bv| wZwb gvby‡li ü`‡q †eu‡P _vK‡Z Pvb| gvby‡li Rxeb nvwm-

Kvbœvq ficyi| Kwe Zuvi Kv‡e¨ Rxe‡bi GB ˆewPΨ‡K Agi iƒc w`‡q gvby‡li wPišÍb fv‡jvevmv †c‡Z Pvb| Agi

Kve¨ bv wjL‡Z cvi‡jI ÿwZ †bB| hZw`b Zuvi Kv‡e¨i cÖvmw½KZv _vK‡e, ZZw`b †hb gvbyl †m¸‡jv MÖnY

K‡iÑ GB Kwei GKvšÍ PvIqv|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvwU †Kvb Kve¨Mªš’ †_‡K msKwjZ n‡q‡Q?

K. Kwo I †Kvgj L. ebdzj

M. †mvbvi Zix N. †k‡li KweZv

2. ÔAgi AvjqÕ ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡QÑ

g~jcvV

Page 19: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ137

K. m~‡h©i Av‡jv A‡_© L. myia¨vb A‡_©

M. Agi m„wó A‡_© N. myievYx A‡_©

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

msmv‡i we`vq w`‡Z, AuvwL QjQwj

Rxeb AuvKwo awi Avcbvi ewj

`yB fz‡R \

3. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ wb‡Pi †Kvb KweZvi mv „k¨ i‡q‡Q?

K. cÖvY L. Rxeb m½xZ

M. cwjøRbbx N. evsjv kã

4. DÏxcK I Avcbvi cwVZ KweZvq wgj i‡q‡Q †h wel‡qÑ

i. fv‡e ii. Avw½‡K iii. wel‡q

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii

M. i, ii N. i, ii I iii

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

5. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi KZ mv‡j †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib?

K. 1911 L. 1912

M. 1913 N. 1914

6. ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvq Kwe †Kv_vq ’vb †c‡Z †P‡q‡Qb?

K. m~h©K‡i L. cyw®úZ Kvb‡b

M. bem½x‡Z N. gvb‡ei gv‡S

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

Avwg wPiZ‡i `~‡i P‡j hve

Zey Avgv‡i †`e bv fzwj‡Z|

7. DÏxc‡Ki fv‡ei m‡½ wb‡Pi †Kvb Pi‡Yi wgj i‡q‡Q?

i. GB m~h©K‡i GB cyw®úZ Kvb‡b

RxešÍ ü`q-gv‡S hw` ’vb cvB!

ii. cik Zvnvi gv‡qi † œ‡ni g‡Zv

fzjvq LvwbK g‡bi e¨_v hZ!

iii. cv°v bZzb UvUKv Il ya G‡°ev‡i w`wkÑ

`vg K‡iwQ k Ív eo, †PvÏ Avbv wkwk|

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii

M. iii N. i, ii I iii

8. †h Kvi‡Y DÏxcK I mv`„k¨c~Y© Pi‡Y wgj †`Lv hvqÑ

K. m„wói Avb›` L. L¨vwZ jv‡fi AvKv•ÿv

M. m¤úwËi †jvf N. ÿgZv †fv‡Mi AvKv•ÿv

Page 20: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ138 SSC-1651

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

G K_v Rvwb‡Z Zzwg fviZ Ck¦i kvRvnvb

Kvj‡¯ªv‡Z †f‡m hvq Rxeb †hŠeb abgvb|

ïay Ze AšÍi †e`bv

wPišÍb n‡q _vK,

ïay _vK

m¤ªv‡Ui wQj G mvabv

hvq hw` jyß n‡q hvK

Kv‡ji K‡cvjZ‡j ïå mgy¾¡j, G ZvRgnj|

K. ÔebdzjÕ Kve¨MÖš’wU KZ mv‡j cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nq?

L. Ôgwi‡Z Pvwn bv Avwg my›`i f ye‡b|Õ ÑKwe GK_v e‡j‡Qb †Kb?

M. DÏxcKwU ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvi †Kvb welqwU‡K cÖKvk K‡i? Ñe¨vL¨v Kiyb|

N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki kvRvnvb Ges ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvq Kwei Abyf~wZ GKB m~‡Î Muv_v|Ó ÑgšÍe¨wU g~j¨vqb Kiyb|

bgybv DËi : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K. iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii ÔebdzjÕ Kve¨MÖš’wU 1876 mv‡j cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nq|

L. nvwm, Avb›`, myL-`yt‡L †Niv GB my›`i AvKl©Yxq c„w_ex †Q‡o Kwe wKQz‡ZB P‡j †h‡Z Pvb bv|

c„w_ex‡Z gvby‡li †eu‡P _vKvi AvKv•ÿv wPišÍb| hw`I GUv mK‡jB Rv‡bb gvbyl giYkxj| GB my›`i AvKl©Yxq

c„w_ex‡Z gvbyl Av‡mB cybivq P‡j hvIqvi Rb¨| ZeyI gvbyl G aiYx‡Z euvP‡Z Pvq, wKQz‡ZB nvwi‡q †h‡Z Pvq

bv| Kwe¸iæ iex›`ªbv_ VvKziI Pvb bv G c„w_exi gvS †_‡K nvwi‡q †h‡Z, Pvb bv g‡i †h‡Z| wZwb c„w_exi

gvby‡li ü`q I cÖK…wZi Aciƒc iƒc-jveY¨ w`‡q mvwnZ¨ m„wó Ki‡Z Pvb| Gfv‡e wZwb gnr Kg© m„wó K‡i

gvb‡ei ü`‡q AvRxeb †eu‡P _vK‡Z Pvb| e ‘Z ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvq GK_vB wZwb D³ PiYwU Øviv †evSv‡Z

†P‡q‡Qb|

M. DÏxc‡K wb‡Ri m„wói gva¨‡g †eu‡P _vKvi cÖZ¨vkvB ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvwU‡Z cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|

iƒc-im-Avb‡›` ficyi GB RMZ my›`i I AvKl©Yxq| gvbyl GLv‡b wbqZ msMÖvg K‡i †eu‡P _vK‡Z I wU‡K

_vK‡Z| Av‡eM I fv‡jvevmvq, gvb I Awfgv‡b, nvwm I Kvbœvq c~Y© G c„w_ex‡Z †eu‡P _vKvUvB †hb Avb‡›`i|

†KDB Pvq bv GB gvqvex c„w_ex‡Z wb‡Ri Aw¯ÍZ¡ wPiKv‡ji Rb¨ wejxb K‡i w`‡Z|

ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvwU‡Z Kweg‡bi GK my›`i AvKv•ÿv Awfe¨³ n‡q‡Q| c„w_exi gvqv Z¨vM K‡i Kwe Ab¨ wKQzi

AvnŸv‡b cÖjyä n‡q g„Zz¨eiY Ki‡Z Pvb bv| ZvB wZwb cÖZ¨q e¨³ K‡i‡Qb, KvjRqx iPbv m„wói gva¨‡g

RM‡Zi wbKU Av`„Z nIqvi| DÏxc‡Ki KweZvskUzKz‡Z m¤ªvU kvnRvnv‡bi g‡bi †h evmbv e¨³ n‡q‡Q Zv

ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvq cÖKvwkZ Kwei g‡bvfv‡eiB GKUz wfbœiƒc| m¤ªvU kvnRvnvb Rv‡bb mg‡qi Kvj‡¯ªv‡Z Rxeb-

†hŠeb-ab-gvb GKw`b meB jyß n‡q hv‡e| ZvB wZwb †P‡q‡Qb wb‡Ri AvcbRb nviv‡bvi †e`bvwU †hb

RM‡Zi gvbyl mn‡R fz‡j bv hvq †mRb¨ wKQz m„wó Ki‡Z| Avi Gi cÖZ¨ÿ dmj AvMÖvq m„ó Agi ZvRgnj|

DÏxc‡K ewY©Z m„wóK‡g©i gva¨‡g wb‡Ri Agi‡Z¡i AvKv•ÿvB ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvwU‡Z cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|

N. DÏxc‡Ki kvnRvnvb Ges ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvi Kwei Abyf~wZ GKm~‡Î Muv_v|

gvby‡li g„Zz¨ Awbevh©| Rb¥MªnY Ki‡j Zv‡K GKmgq g„Zz¨eiY Ki‡Z n‡e| Rxe‡bi GB aªæe mZ¨wU mK‡ji

Rvbv| ZeyI gvbe g‡bi evmbv †h, †m c„w_ex‡Z gvby‡li gv‡S Agi n‡q _vK‡e| †h‡nZz ˆ`wnKfv‡e gvby‡li

Awebk¦i nIqv m¤¢e bq, ZvB Avcb m„wóK‡g©i gva¨‡g gvby‡li g‡b RvMiƒK n‡q _vK‡Z cvivUvB n‡”Q G

AgiZv|

ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvwU‡Z Kwe iex› ªbv_ wbR m„wóK‡g©i gva¨‡g gvby‡li gv‡S †eu‡P _vKvi B”Qv cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| wZwb

gvbe Rxe‡bi nvwm-Kvbœv, myL-`yt‡Li gv‡S wb‡Ri ’vb K‡i wb‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| ZvB Kwe gvbe Rxe‡bi wewPÎ

Page 21: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ139

Abyfe-Abyf~wZ, fve-fvebv I K‡g©i RMZ‡K Avcb m„wói g‡a¨ cÖvYgq K‡i †Zvjvi B”Qv e¨³ K‡i‡Qb| Kwei

AeZ©gv‡b gvbyl †hb Rxe‡bi iƒc-im-MÜ Abyfe Ki‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨B wZwb iPbv K‡i‡Qb Zvi be be m„wói

Wvwj| DÏxc‡K m¤ªvU kvnRvnv‡bi Rxe‡bi AvKv•ÿvI ZvB| wZwb Rv‡bb mg‡qi KvjcÖev‡n Zvi cv‡q Pjvi

¯§„wZUzKzI gy‡Q hv‡e| ZvB wZwb m„wó K‡i‡Qb Agi ZvRgnj| m¤ªvU kvnRvnvb †hw`b c„w_ex‡Z _vK‡eb bv,

†mw`b Zvi ZvRgnj c„w_exi ey‡K wU‡K _vK‡e| wZwbI c„w_exi gvby‡li g‡b RvMiƒK _vK‡eb, c„w_exi AbvMZ

Kv‡ji gvbyl Rvb‡e Zvi Ae¨³ ü`‡qi †Mvcb K_v|

AZGe, †`Lv hv‡”Q ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvq Kwe †hgb Avcb m„wóK‡g©i gva¨‡g gvby‡li Rxe‡b †eu‡P _vK‡Z †P‡q‡Qb

wVK †Zgwb DÏxc‡KI m¤ªvU kvnRvnvb Avcb m„wóK‡g©i gva¨‡g wb‡Ri g‡bv‡e`bv‡K Avengvb Kv‡ji c„w_ex‡Z

eZ©gvb K‡i †h‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| ZvB ejv hvq, DÏxc‡Ki kvnRvnvb Ges ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvq Kwei Abyf~wZ GKBm~‡Î

Muv_v|

A¨vmvBb‡g›U : wb‡R Kiæb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

cÖvwYgvÎB giYkxj| Rb¥ gv‡bB g„Zz¨‡K ¯xKvi K‡i †bIqv| Zey gvbyl GB c„w_exi iƒc-im-M‡Ü AvK…ó n‡q †eu‡P

_vK‡Z Pvq| †m m~‡h©i Av‡jv‡Z, dz‡ji mgv‡iv‡n I †mŠ›`‡h© c„w_ex‡Z wb‡Ri ’vb K‡i †bq| c„w_exi mg Í my›`i‡K

†Q‡o †m AÜKv‡i nviv‡Z Pvq bv| Zvi cÖÁv, †gav I eyw× w`‡q m„wókxj Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g Rxeb‡K mv_©K K‡i Zzj‡Z

Pvq| Ab¨ K_vq ejv hvq, gvb‡ei Agi‡Z¡i AvKv•ÿv wPiKvjxb|

K. ÔwPiZiw½ZÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?

L. ÔRxešÍ ü`q-gv‡S hw` ’vb cvB|Õ ÑK_vwUi gv‡b Kx?

M. DÏxcKwU ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvi mv‡_ Kxfv‡e mv`„k¨c~Y©? Ñe¨vL¨v Kiyb|

N. ÔcÖvYÕ KweZvi AšÍwb©wnZ Zvrch© DÏxc‡K cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| Ñwe‡kølY Kiyb|

DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. K 2. M 3. K 4. N 5. M 6. N 7. K 8. K

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vj‡qi I‡cb ¯‹zj cwiPvwjZ GmGmwm †cÖvMÖv‡gi wkÿv_x©eÜz‡`i Rb¨

evsjv wel‡qi AwWI/wfwWI †cÖvMÖvg¸‡jv eZ©gv‡b wewUwf/esjv‡`k †eZvi KZ…©K mßv‡ni wbw`©ó

w`‡bi wbw`©ó mg‡q cÖPvwiZ n‡q Avm‡Q|

wkÿv_x©eÜziv, Avcbviv ÷vwW †m›Uvi †_‡K †cÖvMÖvg wmwWDj msMÖn K‡i wbw`©ó w`‡bi wbw`©ó

mg‡q cÖPvwiZ †cÖvMÖvgwU †`L‡j DcK…Z n‡eb e‡j Avkv KiwQ| AwWI/wfwWI †cÖvMÖvg¸‡jv

†evSvi myweav‡_© eBwU mvg‡b wb‡q emyb Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq welq¸wj †bvU Kivi Rb¨ KvMR, Kjg

mv‡_ ivLyb| †Kv‡bv welq eyS‡Z Amyweav n‡j cÖ‡qvR‡b Avcbvi wUDU‡ii mnvqZv wbb|

AwWI/wfwWI

Page 22: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ140 SSC-1651

AÜea~

hZx› ª‡gvnb evMPx

Kwe I mvsevw`K hZx› ª‡gvnb evMPx 1878 wLª÷v‡ãi 27 b‡f¤i b`xqv †Rjvi Rg‡kicyi MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib|

Zuvi ˆcZ…K wbevm ûMwj †Rjvi ejvMo MÖv‡g| KjKvZvi Wvd K‡jR †_‡K 1902 mv‡j wZwb weG cvm K‡ib|

wewfbœ PvKwii cvkvcvwk wewfbœ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K wn‡m‡eI wZwb KvR K‡ib| GKmgq wZwb bv‡Uv‡ii gnvivRvi

mwPe wQ‡jb| mgKvjxb A‡bK mvwnwZ¨K cwÎKv Zuvi Øviv mg„× n‡q‡Q| hZx›`ª‡gvnb iex‡›`ªvËi hy‡Mi kw³gvb

Kwe‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg| cwjøcÖK„wZi †mŠ›`h© I cwjøRxe‡bi nvwm-Kvbœv Zuvi KweZvi GKUv cÖavb ˆewkó¨| MÖvg-

evsjvi k¨vgj w œ» i~c D‡b¥vP‡b wZwb cÖqvmx n‡q‡Qb| MÖv‡gi AwZ mvaviY Rxe‡bi myL-`yt‡Li K_v mnR-mij

fvlvq Zuvi KweZvq cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| fvM¨weow¤Z I wbcxwoZ bvix‡`i K_v wZwb we‡kl `i‡`i m‡½ Zz‡j

a‡i‡Qb| ÔKvRjvw`w`Õ I ÔAÜea~Õ Zuvi G ai‡bi `ywU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ KweZv| 1948 wLª÷v‡ãi 1 †deªyqvwi wZwb

g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib|

Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ iPbv :

Kve¨MÖš’ : †jLv, †iLv, AcivwRZv, eÜzi `vb, RvMiYx, bxnvwiKv, gnvfviZx;

KweZv : KvRjvw`w`, AÜea~|

AvZ¥K_bg~jK msjv‡ci Av`‡j iwPZ hZx›`ª‡gvnb evMPxi ÔAÜea~Õ KweZvq GKRb `„wócÖwZeÜx gvby‡li

Abyf‚wZ‡jv‡Ki cwiPq Ges Zv‡`i cÖwZ mgv‡Ri wbg©gZv Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| `„wónxb‡`i Amnvq Rxebhvc‡bi

ms‡e`bkxjZvq I Abyf‚wZi g‡a¨ w`‡q †m †h RM‡Zi iƒc-im-MÜ m¤ú‡K© Ávb iv‡L Zv my¯úófv‡e Kwe Dc ’vcb

K‡i‡Qb| Zviv ˆbivk¨ev`x bq; eis Rxe‡bi cÖwZ Zv‡`i Mfxi ggZ¡‡eva Av‡Q Ges Zv AvcbR‡bi ggZ¡ cÖZ¨vkv

K‡i| ZvB GB KweZvq mywbc yY fv‡e dz‡U D‡V‡Q|

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

AÜ bvixi KiæY Rxe‡bi cÖwZ Kwei mnvbyf~wZ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

`„wónxbiv Ab¨ Bw›`ª‡qi mvnv‡h¨ Kxfv‡e Rxeb I RM‡Zi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z _v‡K Zv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z

cvi‡eb|

f~wgKv

Kwe-cwiwPwZ

Page 23: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ141

cv‡qi Zjvq big †VKj Kx!

Av‡ Í GKUz Pj bv VvKziwS Ñ

Igv, G †h Siv-eKzj! bq?

ZvB‡Zv ewj, e‡m †`v‡ii cv‡k,

ivwˇi KvjÑ gaygw`i ev‡m

AvKvk-cvZvjÑ KZB g‡b nq|

ˆR¨ô Avm‡Z K-w`b †`wi fvB Ñ

Av‡gi Mv‡q eiY †`Lv hvq?

Ñ A‡bK †`wi? †Kgb K‡i n‡e!

†KvwKj-WvKv ï‡bwQ †mB K‡e,

`wLb nvIqv Ñ eÜ K‡e fvB;

`xwNi Nv‡U bZzb wmuwo Rv‡M Ñ

k¨vIjv-wcQj Ñ Ggwb k¼v jv‡M,

cv-wcQwj‡q Zwj‡q hw` hvB!

g›` †bnvZ nq bv wKš‘ Zvq Ñ

AÜ †Pv‡Li Ø›Ø Pz‡K hvq!

`ytL bvB‡Kv mwZ¨ K_v †kvb,

AÜ †M‡j Kx Avi n‡e †evb?

euvPwe †Zviv Ñ `v`v †Zv †Zvi Av‡M?

GB Avlv‡pB Avevi we‡q n‡e,

evwo Avmvi c_ Lyu‡R bv cv‡e Ñ

†`Lwe ZLb Ñ cÖevm †Kgb jv‡M?

Ô†PvL †MjÕ IB †PuwP‡q n‡jv mviv|

Av”Qv w`w`, Kx Ki‡e fvB ZvivÑ

Rb¥ jvwM wM‡q‡Q hvi †PvL!

Kuv`vi myL †h eviY Zvnvi Ñ QvB!

Kuv`‡Z †c‡j euvPZ †m †h fvB,

KZK Zey KgZ †h Zvi †kvK|

Ô†PvL †MjÕÑ Zvi fimv Zey Av‡QÑ

Pÿ znxbvi Kx K_v Kvi Kv‡Q!

Uvwbm †Kb? wK‡mi ZvovZvwoÑ

†mB †Zv wd‡i hve Avevi evwo,

GKjv-_vKv- †mB †Zv M„n‡KvYÑ

Zvi †P‡q GB wmœ» kxZj R‡j

`y‡Uv †hb cÖv‡Yi K_v e‡jÑ

`i`-fiv `y‡Li Avjvcb;

g~jcvV

Page 24: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ142 SSC-1651

cik Zvnvi gv‡qi †mœ‡ni g‡Zv

fzjvq LvwbK g‡bi e¨_v hZ!

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

AÜ †Pv‡Li Ø›Ø Pz‡K hvKÑ AÜea~ AbyfeF× gvbyl| AvZ¥gh©v`v †ev‡aI †m mg„×| wKš‘ †m AÜ| GB A܇Z¡i Kó

†m Mfxifv‡e Abyfe K‡i| `xwNi Nv‡U hLb †kIjv cov wcQj wmuwo Rv‡M ZLb †m wcQj †L‡q R‡j c‡o Wz‡e

givi Avk¼v cÖKvk K‡i| Avi GI Abyfe K‡i †h, Wz‡e gi‡j A܇Z¡i Awfkvc NyPZ| wKš‘ KweZvwUi †PZbv

†_‡K g‡b nq, AÜea~ ˆbivk¨ev`x gvbyl bq| Rxe‡bi cÖwZ Zvi Mfxi ggZ¡‡eva Av‡Q| AÜea~ Ávb iv‡LÑ RM‡Zi

iƒc-im-MÜ m¤ú‡K© Ges Abyf‚wZMÖvn¨ e ‘ m¤ú‡K© Rv‡b| AvKvkcvZvjÑ bvbv welq; bvbvb fvebv-Abyfvebv A‡_©

e¨eüZ| AvjvcbÑ K‡_vcK_b| KZKÑ wKQz; wKq`sk| Kuv`vi myLÑ gvbyl `yt‡L Kuv‡`, †kv‡K Kuv‡`| wKš‘ Kvbœvi

ga¨ w`‡q Zvi `ytL-†kv‡Ki jvNe N‡U; ZvB Kvbœvi g‡a¨I myL Abyfe Kiv hvq| Pz‡KÑ wg‡U hvIqv| †PvL †MjÑ

cvwL we‡kl| GB cvwLi WvK Ô†PvL †MjÕ k‡ãi g‡Zv g‡b nq| ˆR¨ô Avm‡Z K-w`b †`wi fvB...Ñ GKRb

`„wócÖwZeÜx gvby‡li Abyf‡ei AmvaviY GK RMr Av‡jvP¨ As‡k e¨³ n‡q‡Q| cÖK…wZi wewPÎ i‡Oi aviYv I

Abyf‡e GB AÜea~ mg„×| †mB Ávb I Abyfe †_‡K †m †R‡b wb‡Z Pvq FZzi weeZ©b| VvKziwSÑ bb`, ¯vgxi

†evb, k¦ïiKb¨v| Zwj‡qÑ Wz‡e| `wLb nvIqvÑ `wÿY w`‡Ki evZvm| †`viÑ `iRv| †bnvZÑ wbZvšÍ, wb‡`bc‡ÿ|

cikÑ ¯úk©| cÖevmÑ wbe©vmb, we‡`k| eviYÑ wb‡la, gvbv| ev‡mÑ myM‡Ü| gaygw`i ev‡mÑ gayi M‡Ü †gvngq|

mvims‡ÿc :

ea~wU AÜ| AÜ n‡jI Zvi Ab¨ Bw›`ªq¸‡jv cÖLi| cv‡qi wb‡P cov eKzj dzj, †KvwK‡ji WvK, `wLbv nvIqv,

wcw”Qj wmuwo BZ¨vw` †m Mfxifv‡e Abyfe K‡i| Gfv‡e †m m¤úwK©Z _v‡K mgq I cÖK…wZi m‡½| wKš‘ AÜ

Rxe‡bi `yM©wZI Kg bq| Zvi aviYv, †m AÜ e‡jB ¯vgx we‡`k †_‡K †`‡k Av‡m bv| evievi g„Zz¨i B”Qv

Rvwb‡q †m Zvi Awfgvbx g‡bi †e`bvB cÖKvk K‡i|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. cv‡qi Zjvq big †V‡KwQj †KvbwU?

K. Siv †Mvjvc L. Siv eKzj M. Siv gvjZx N. Siv K`g

2. ÔAÜea~i †kv‡Ki †evSvÕ †hfv‡e nvjKv n‡q‡QÑ

K. Kuv`‡Z †c‡i L. ev‡ci evwo †h‡Z †c‡i

M. ¯^vgx‡K Kv‡Q †c‡q N. Mvb ïb‡Z †c‡q

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

myfv †h weavZvi Awfkvc¯iƒ‡c Zvnvi wcZ…M„‡n Avwmqv Rb¥MÖnY Kwiqv‡Q GK_v †m wkïKvj nB‡Z eywSqv

jBqvwQj| ZvB ewjqv †m Rxeb‡K Zz”Q g‡b K‡i bvB| M„nK‡g© Zvnvi ALÐ g‡bv‡hvM| ïay ZvnvB bq cÖK…wZi

m‡½ †m cvwZqv wbqvwQj wgZvwj|

3. DÏxc‡Ki myfv I ÔAÜea~Õ KweZvi ea~i Awgj †hLv‡bÑ

K. Rxeb fvebvq L. A_©-m¤ú‡` M. Mv‡qi i‡O N. mgvR bxwZ‡Z

4. DÏxc‡Ki myfv I AÜea~i wgZvwj i‡q‡Q †h wel‡q-

i. cÖK…wZ‡cÖ‡g ii. Av‡eM cÖKv‡k iii. AwaKvi Av`v‡q

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. ii I iii

Page 25: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ143

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

5. Ô†PvL †MjÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?

K. j¾v L. ivM M. cvwL N. dzj

6. ÔAÜea~Õ Kuv`‡Z cvi‡j Kx n‡Zv?

i. `ytL jvNe nZ ii. †kvK Kg nZ iii. ivM †e‡o †hZ

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. i I ii

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

AY©e `„wó cÖwZeÜx| Zvnvi Rxe‡bi ¯vfvweK MwZ iæ× nBqv Av‡Q| mvavi‡Yi `„wóc_ nB‡Z †m Avcbv‡K

†Mvcb Kwiqv ivwL‡Z me©`vB †Póv KwiZ| g‡b KwiZ,Avgv‡K mevB fzwj‡j euvwP|

7. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔAÜea~Õ KweZvi †h PwiÎwUi wgj i‡q‡QÑ

i. AÜea~ ii. `v`v iii. VvKziwS

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. Dc‡ii †KvbwUB bq

8. DÏxcK I ÔAÜea~Õ KweZvq mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q †h wel‡qÑ

K. ivM L. N„Yv M. Ae‡njv N. Avb›`

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

Avgv‡`i mgvR I msmv‡i cÖwZeÜx‡`i‡K †QvU K‡i †`Lv nq, g‡b Kiv nq Zviv †evSv| GUv Kiv DwPZ bq, †Kbbv

ZvivI gvbyl| cÖwZeÜx gvbyl‡K AeÁv Ki‡j Zv‡`i `ytL Av‡iv †e‡o hvq| Avgv‡`i DwPZ Zv‡`i fv‡jvevmv,

Zv‡`i h‡_vchy³ g~j¨ †`qv| wbg©j cwi‡ek †c‡j ZvivI †gavi weKvk NUv‡Z cv‡i| GgbwK Zviv n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i

wek¦e‡iY¨ e¨w³Z¡| GKwU my›`i mgvR Movi Rb¨ Zv‡`i m‡½ Avgv‡`i fv‡jvevmv I ggZ¡gq m¤úK© M‡o †Zvjv

cÖ‡qvRb|

K. mgvR Kv‡`i AeÁv K‡i?

L. ÔeuvPwe †Zviv Ñ `v`v †Zv Zvi Av‡M?Õ ÑAÜea~ GK_v e‡j‡Q †Kb?

M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔAÜea~Õ KweZvi mv „k¨ wKsev ˆemv`„k¨ Avcbvi wb‡Ri fvlvq Zz‡j ai yb|

N. ÒDÏxcKwU ÔAÜea~Õ KweZvi AvswkK fve aviY K‡i‡Q|Ó Ñ gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki yb|

bgybv DËi : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K. mgvR `„wónxb‡`i AeÁv K‡i|

L. AÜea~ g‡b K‡i AÜ e‡j †m mK‡ji wbKU †evSv| ZvB g‡bi `yt‡L †m Av‡jvP¨ Dw³wU K‡i‡Q|

mgv‡R I msmv‡i `„wónxb e‡j AÜea~ wb‡R‡K Lye Amnvq g‡b K‡i| Zvi aviYv †h wb‡Ri msmv‡iI †m

D‡cwÿZ| †m wb‡R‡K msmv‡i GKwU †evSv e‡j g‡b K‡i| Zvi aviYv †m g‡i †M‡j Zvi ¯^vgx, VvKziwS mevB

hš¿Yv †_‡K gyw³ cv‡e| Gme K_v g‡b K‡i †m VvKziwSi D‡Ï‡k¨ Dw³wU K‡i‡Q|

M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔAÜea~Õ KweZvi mv`„k¨ bq, ‰emv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q| AÜea~i cÖwZeÜKZv Rq Ki‡Z bv cvivi

welqwUB DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ‰emv`„k¨c~Y© n‡q‡Q|

cÖwZeÜxiv Avgv‡`i mgv‡R we‡kl Pvwn`vm¤úbœ gvbyl| mgv‡R Pj‡Z †M‡j Zv‡`i Ab¨vb¨ gvby‡li mn‡hvwMZvi

cÖ‡qvRb nq| cÖ‡qvRbxq my‡hvM Ges h‡_ó cwigvY mnvqZv †c‡j ZvivI cÖwZeÜx Ae¯’v KvwU‡q mgv‡Ri Ab¨

Kg©ÿg gvby‡li g‡Zv n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i|

Page 26: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ144 SSC-1651

Avgv‡`i Av‡jvP¨ ÔAÜea~Õ KweZvq AÜea~ GKRb `„wócÖwZeÜx| `„wó cÖwZeÜx n‡jI †m cÖK…wZ‡cÖgx| †m Zvi

Abyf‡ei mvnv‡h¨ c„w_exi iƒc-im-MÜ m¤ú‡K© h‡_ó AewnZ| wKš‘ †m mgv‡Ri GKRb Kg©ÿg gvbyl bq|

wb‡Ri cÖwZeÜKZv‡K AwZµg K‡i †m mgv‡Ri ¯vfvweK gvby‡li gZ mÿg ev e¨ Í n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i wb|

Ab¨w`‡K DÏxcKwU‡Z Gi wecixZ wPÎ dz‡U D‡V‡Q| cÖwZeÜxiv h_vh_ g‡bv‡hvM I mnvqZv †c‡j yt‡Li

AÜKvi †Q‡o Av‡jvwKZ Rxe‡bi AwaKvix n‡Z cv‡i| GgbwK Zviv n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i wek¦e‡iY¨ e¨w³Z¡ | †m

K_vI i‡q‡Q DÏxc‡K| ZvB ejv hvq ÔAÜea~Õ KweZvq AÜea~i kvixwiK cÖwZeÜKZv‡K Rq Ki‡Z bv cvivi

e¨_©ZvUvB DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y© nq wb|

N. mgvR I iv‡óª cÖwZeÜxiv ch©vß my‡hvM †c‡j wb‡R‡`i ¯vfvweKfv‡eB weKwkZ K‡i Zzj‡Z cv‡i|

mgv‡R cÖwZeÜxiv ¯vfvweK gvby‡li g‡Zv bq| Zv‡`i‡K Ae‡njv bv K‡i Avgv‡`i we‡kl `„wó‡Z †`Lv DwPZ|

†Kbbv mK‡ji mn‡hvwMZv †c‡j GB we‡kl ai‡bi gvbyl¸‡jv wb‡R‡`i †g‡j ai‡Z cv‡i| ZvivI `yt‡Li

AÜKvi †Q‡o Av‡jvwKZ Rxe‡bi AwaKvix n‡Z cv‡i|

ÔAÜea~Õ KweZvq AÜea~ Rb¥ †_‡KB AÜ| Avevi †m cwjøMÖv‡g gvbyl| Aek¨ AÜea~ h‡_ó Abyf’wZ m¤úbœ

gvbyl| Zey Zvi Rxeb ¯vfvweKfv‡e weKwkZ nq wb| d‡j †m ¯wbf©i bq| Zvi Rxeb `ytL-K‡ó cwic~Y©|

¯vgxi cÖZxÿv,cÖK…wZi mvwbœ‡a¨ _vKv wKsev M„n‡KvY Zvi Rxe‡bi Abyl½| Ab¨w`‡K DÏxcKwU‡Z dz‡U D‡V‡Q

ÔAÜea~Õ KweZvi wecixZ w`K¸‡jv| DÏxc‡K ejv n‡q‡Q, cÖwZeÜx‡`i g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e| Dchy³ cwi‡ek

†c‡j ZvivI †gavi weKvk NUv‡Z cv‡i| Avi Avgv‡`i DwPZ n‡e cÖwZeÜx‡`i cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv Avi mngwg©Zvi

nvZ evwo‡q †`qv|

cÖwZeÜx‡`i AeÁvi †Pv‡L †`Lv DwPZ bq| ZvivI Ab¨‡`i g‡Zv weKwkZ n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i| †m Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb

cÖwZeÜx‡`i cÖwZ †ewk K‡i BwZevPK g‡bvfve †`Lv‡bv| DcwiD³ Av‡jvPbv †k‡l ZvB ejv hvq, ÔAÜea~Õ

KweZvwU DÏxc‡Ki AvswkK †PZbv aviY K‡i‡Q|Õ ÑgšÍe¨wU h_v_©|

A¨vmvBb‡g›U : wb‡R Kiæb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

†n Kwe bxie †Kb dv¸b †h G‡m‡Q aivq,

em‡šÍ ewiqv Zzwg j‡e bv wK Ze e›`bvq,

Kwnj †m w¯œ» AvuvwL ZzwjÑ

Ò`wÿY `yqvi †M‡Q Lywj?Ó

K. hZx›`ª‡gvnb evMPxi Kwegvb‡mi cÖavb ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU?

L. ÔAÜ †Pv‡Li Ø›ØÕ ÑK_vwU eywS‡q ej yb|

M. DÏxcKwU ÔAÜea~Õ KweZvi †Kvb As‡ki mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y©? Ñ e¨vL¨v Kiyb|

N. ÒAÜea~Õ KweZvwUi mvgwMÖK Ask bq, GKwU we‡kl w`K DÏxc‡K cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|Ó ÑAv‡jvPbv

Kiyb|

DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. L 2. K 3. K 4. K 5. M 6. N 7. K 8. M

Page 27: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ145

Sibvi Mvb

m‡Z¨› ªbv_ `Ë

m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë 1882 wLª÷v‡ãi 11 †deªæqvwi KjKvZvi Kv‡Q wbgZv MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| cÖv_wgK evsjv-M‡`¨i

cÖvYcyiæl I ÔZË¡‡evwabxÕ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K AÿqKzgvi `Ë wQ‡jb Zuvi wcZvgn| cvwЇZ¨i GKwU cÖej †S uvK

DËivwaKvi-m~‡Î wZwb Zuvi wcZvg‡ni wbKU †_‡K †c‡qwQ‡jb| Zuvi G cvwЇZ¨i Qvc A‡bK KweZvi g‡a¨I

cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q| iex›`ªbv‡_i Kve¨-cÖwZfv hLb ga¨MM‡b, m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `‡Ëi ZLb Avwef©ve| wZwb iex›`ªbv‡_i

cÖfveej‡qi evB‡iI GKwU ¯Zš¿ Kve¨-cÖwZfvi cwiPq w`‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb; †h Kvi‡Y, wZwb evsjv Kve¨ RM‡Z

mgv`„Z n‡q Av‡Qb| KweZvi Q›` I i~‡ci ˆbc y‡Y¨i Rb¨ wZwb Q‡›`i hv`yKi wn‡m‡e evsjvi Kve¨ RM‡Z cwiwPZ|

mvaviY gvbyl †hgb Zuvi Kv‡e¨i DcRxe¨; †Zgwb Avevi AwZ mvaviY †`kR kã, wejyßcÖvq kã e¨envi K‡i wZwb

fvlvi kã fvÐvi e„w× K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi KweZv kãwbg©vY †KŠkj, kã I fvlv e¨env‡ii KviæKv‡h© ˆewkó¨gwÐZ| evsjv

Kve¨ mvwn‡Z¨ Abyev‡`i cw_K…r wnmv‡eI wZwb ¯xK…Z| wZwb Aviwe, dviwm, wPbv, Rvcvwb, Bs‡iwR, divwm I

Dcgnv‡`‡ki eû fvlv †_‡K KweZv Abyev` K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi ÔKve¨ mÂqbÕ bv‡g GKwU KweZv msMÖn Av‡Q|

m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë gvÎ 40 ermi eq‡m 1922 wLª÷v‡ãi 25 Ryb g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib|

Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ iPbv :

Kve¨MÖš’ : mweZv, mwÜÿY, †eYy I exYv, †nvgwkLv, Kzû I †KKv, Aå Avexi, †ejv †k‡li Mvb, we`vq AviZx|

Ab‚w`Z Kve¨MÖš’ : Zx_©‡iYy, Zx_©-mwjj, fz‡ji dmj|

m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `‡Ëi cÖK…wZ welqK ÔSibvi MvbÕ KweZvwU‡Z Kwe cÖK…wZi wewPÎ Abyl‡½i iƒc †mŠ›`‡h©i Zzjbv, cvnvwo

cÖK…wZ I cwi‡e‡ki m¤úK© Ges cvnvwo Sibvi cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`‡h©i cwiPq Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| Kwe GB KweZvq Sibvi

PÂj MwZgqZv, PgrKvi aŸwb-gvayh© Ges wb_i cv_‡ii ey‡K c`wPý †i‡L hvIqv g‡bvgy»Ki I g‡bvni cÖvK…wZK

†mŠ›`h© m¤ú‡K© aviYv w`‡q‡Qb| cÖK…wZi GB †mŠ›`h© Ae‡jvK‡b Kwe gvbwmK kvwšÍ I Kg©¯ú„nv‡K kvwYZ Kivi

cÖqvm †c‡q‡Qb|

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

Sibvi Pjvi MwZ I c‡_i †mŠ›`h© eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

KweZvi Q›` I Aj¼v‡ii †mŠ›`h© m¤ú‡K© wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|

f~wgKv

Kwe-cwiwPwZ

Page 28: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ146 SSC-1651

Pcj cvq †Kej avB,

†Kej MvB cixi Mvb,

cyjK †gvi mKj Mvq,

we‡fvj †gvi mKj cÖvY|

wkw_j me wkjvi ci

PiY _yB †`v`yj gb,

`ycyi-†fvi wSuwSui WvK,

wSgvq c_, Nygvq eb|

weRb †`k, K~Rb bvB

wb‡Ri cvq evRvB Zvj,

GKjv MvB, GKjv avB,

w`em ivZ, muvS mKvj|

SzuwK‡q Nvo Szg-cvnvo

fq `¨vLvq, †PvL cvKvq;

k¼v bvB, mgvb hvB,

UMi-dzj-b~cyi cvq,

†Kvb wMwii wng jjvU

Nvgj †gvi D™¢‡e,

†Kvb cixi UzUzj nvi

†Kvb bv‡Pi Drm‡e|

†Lqvj bvB-bvB †i fvB

cvB wb Zvi msev`B,

avB jxjvq, ÑwLjwLjvBÑ

eyjeywji †evj mvwa|

eb-SvD‡qi †Svc¸jvq

Kvjmv‡ii `j P‡i,

wks wkjvq-wkjvi Mvq,

WvjwPwbi is a‡i|

Suvwc‡q hvB, jvwd‡q avB,

`ywj‡q hvB APj-VuvU,

bvwo‡q hvB, evwo‡q hvBÑ

wUjvi Mvq Wvwjg-dvU|

kvwjK ïK eyjvq gyL

_j-SuvwSi gLg‡j,

Rwii Rvj AvsivLvq

A½ †gvi Sjg‡j|

wb‡gœ avB, ïb‡Z cvB

ÔdwUK Rj|Õ nuvK‡Q †K,

KÉv‡ZB Z…òv hvi

wbK bv †mB cuvK †Qu‡K|

g~jcvV

Page 29: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ147

MiR hvi Rj mu¨vPvi

cvZKzqvq hvK bv †mB,

my›`‡ii Z…òv hvi

Avgiv avB Zvi Av‡kB|

Zvi †Luv‡RB weivg †bB

wejvB ZvbÑZij †k−vK,

P‡Kvi Pvq P›`ªgvq,

Avgiv PvB gy»-†PvL|

Pcj cvq †Kej avB

Dcj-Nvq w`B wSwjK,

`yj †`vjvB gb †fvjvB,

wSjwgjvB w`wM¦w`K|

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

AvsivLvÑ j¤^v I wXjv †cvkvK we‡kl| D™¢eÑ Drcbœ, Rb¥| Dcj-NvqÑ cv_‡ii AvNv‡Z| K~RbÑ cvwLi WvK|,

MiRÑ `iKvi; cÖ‡qvRb| wMwiÑ cvnvo; ce©Z| P‡KviÑ cvwL we‡kl, Kwe-Kíbv Abyhvqx GB cvwL Puv‡`i Av‡jv

cvb K‡i| P›`ªgvÑ Puv‡`i Av‡jv| PcjÑ Aw ’i; PÂj| SuvwSÑ GK cÖKvi RjR ¸j¥; eûw`b a‡i Rgv †kIjv|

Szg-cvnvoÑ bxie cvnvo; wbR©b cvnvo| Zij †køvKÑ jNy ev nvjKv Pv‡ji KweZv| ZvbÑ myi| _jÑ ’j| avBÑ

†`Š‡o cvwj‡q hvIqv; avIqv| cvZKzqvÑ KuvPv Kzqv; †QvU Kzqv| cyjK- wkniY| ÔdwUK RjÕÑ PvZK cvwL WvK‡j

ÔdwUK RjÕ k‡ãi g‡Zv †kvbv hvq| weRbÑ wbR©b; Rbk~b¨; wbf…Z| we‡fvjÑ A‡PZb; we‡fvi; week; wenej|

wejvBÑ weZiY Kwi; cwi‡ekb Kwi (we‡jv‡bv †_‡K)| †eva- Abyf‚wZ; Dcjwä| †evjÑ eywj; K_v| gLgjÑ †Kvgj

I wgwn Kvco| jjvUÑ Kcvj| ïKÑ wU‡q cvwL| wkw_jÑ kø_; Aembœ; RoZzj¨| wkjvÑ cv_i| muvSÑ mܨv|

mu¨vPviÑ †mPb Kivi ev cvwb †Zvjvi hš¿| wngÑ Zzlvi; eid|

mvims‡ÿc :

Sibvi Av‡Q MwZi †mŠ›`h©| `~i cvnv‡o Rb¥ wb‡q weRb c‡_ †m GKvKx †a‡q P‡j| Pjv‡ZB Zvi Avb›`|

Avkcv‡ki w`‡K bRi bv w`‡qB †m Sjg‡j A½ wb‡q Qz‡U hvq| †m Pvq bv, Zvi ¯”Q cvwb‡Z †KD wccvmv

†gUvK| †mŠ›`h©B Zvi g~j cwiPq| ZvB †m †h‡Z Pvq Zvi Kv‡Q, hvi my›`i †`Lvi †PvL Av‡Q|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. Sibv Kx‡mi Mvb K‡i?

K. eyjeywji L. wSuwSui M. kvwj‡Ki N. cwii

2. dwUK R‡ji Kx n‡q‡Q?

K. Z…òv †c‡q‡Q L. K¬vwšÍ †c‡q‡Q M. ÿzav †j‡M‡Q N. Kó †j‡M‡Q

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

ÔSibv| Sibv| my›`ix Sibv|

ZiwjZ Pw›`ªKv| P›`b eY©v|

AÂj wmwÂZ †MŠwiK ¯‡Y,©

wMwi gwjøKv †`v‡j KzšÍ‡j K‡Y©|Õ

Page 30: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ148 SSC-1651

3. DÏxcKwUi m‡½ wb‡Pi †Kvb KweZvi wgj i‡q‡Q?

K. cÖvY L. gvbyl M. Sibvi Mvb N. muv‡KvUv `yj‡Q

4. DÏxcK I cvV¨ KweZvq †h welqwU cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡QÑ

i. †mŠ›`h©gqZv ii. MwZgqZv iii. PÂjZv

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. ii I iii

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

5. ÔdwUK RjÕ Kx?

K. wd‡½ cvwL L. gqbv cvwL M. PvZK cvwL N. û`û` cvwL

6. ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvq cvnvo Kxfv‡e Nygvq?

K. gy‡Lvk c‡i L. jvwV wb‡q M. Nvo Nywi‡q N. agK w`‡q

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

Pzwbqv †Zv fv‡jvev‡m kvšÍw œ» c~wY©gvi Puv`,

Pzwbqv cÖK…Z †eŠ× ¯fv‡ei wbwiwewj meyR cÖK…wZ

Pzwbqv †hvRbe¨vcx g‡bvig Avw`evmx f~wg|

7. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvwUi †Kvb wel‡q wgj i‡q‡Q?

K. cÖK…wZ L. gvbyl M. Q›` N. fve

8. DÏxcK I ÔSibvi MvbÕ KweZvq cÖKvk †c‡q‡QÑ

K. cÖK…wZi kvk¦Z Av‡e`b L. cÖK…wZi iæ²Zv

M. cÖK…wZi gv`KZv N. cÖK…wZi fqvenZv

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

Awb›`¨ my›`i †`k evsjv‡`k| G‡`‡ki †Kv_vI cvnvo, †Kv_vI mgy`ª Avevi †Kv_vIev we‡fvj wP‡Ë Qz‡U Pjv

Sibv| evsjvi GB †mŠ›`h© Dc‡fvM Kivi Rb¨ ïå Ges Zvi eÜyiv †mevi Qz‡U wM‡qwQj cve©Z¨ †Rjv ev›`iev‡b|

†mLv‡b Zviv †`‡L‡Q cvnv‡oi Mv †e‡q wQU‡K cov Pjgvb Sibvi Rjaviv| Sibvi Aweivg Rjaviv gvbe ü`‡q

GK Awbe©Pbxq Avb‡›`i mÂvi K‡i| cwZZ G Rjivwki aŸwbgvayh© I eY©‰efe GKK_vq Ac~e©| ïåi fvebvq,

cÖK…wZi Agwjb †mŠ›`‡h©i Avavi Sibv|

K. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ ÔQ‡›`i ivRvÕ e‡j †K cwiwPZ?

L. Ôk¼v bvB, mgvb hvBÕ Ñej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?

M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔSibvi MvbÕ KweZvi mv „k¨¸‡jv Zz‡j ai yb|

N. ÔSibvi MvbÕ KweZvi g~jfve cÖKvk Kivq DÏxc‡Ki mvdj¨ wePvi Ki yb|

bgybv DËi : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K. Kwe m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ Q‡›`i ivRv e‡j cwiwPZ|

L. Ôk¼v bvB, mgvb hvBÕ ej‡Z Sibvi wbf©q I k¼vnxb Pjvi MwZ‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q|

cÖK…wZi wewPÎ Dcv`v‡b mg„× G c„w_ex| Gi g‡a¨ GKwU Awb›`¨ Dcv`vb Sibv| Íä cv_‡ii ey‡K GK

Avb‡›`i wPnè Sibv| ˆ`‡Z¨i g‡Zv Nvo Nywi‡q fq †`Lv‡bv cvnvo †_‡K †b‡g Av‡m Sibv| Zvi Avb›`gq

c`aŸwb‡Z ce©Z †_‡K †a‡q Av‡m mv`v Rjivwki aviv| Pcjv, PÂjv G Sibv fq Kv‡K e‡j Rv‡b bv| †m

Rv‡b bv Pjvi MwZ _vgv‡Z ev Kgv‡Z| ZvB Sibv Zvi Pjvi G ˆewkó¨ m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Q, Ôk¼v bvB,mgvb hvBÕ|

Page 31: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ149

M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔSibvi MvbÕ KweZvi bvbv wel‡q wgj i‡q‡Q|

cÖK…wZ †mŠ›`‡h©i GK Abycg Avavi| †m Zvi bvbv Av‡qvR‡b c„w_ex‡K cwic~Y© K‡i Zz‡j‡Q| b`-b`x, cvnvo-

ce©Z, ˆkjcÖcvZ, Sibv Zvi Ab¨Zg D`vniY|

DÏxc‡K evsjv‡`‡ki ev›`ievb †Rjvi GKwU Sibvi †mŠ›`h© cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q| †mLv‡b ïå Ges Zvi eÜziv

†`‡L‡Q cvnv‡oi Mv †_‡K wQU‡K cov Pjgvb Sibvi Aweivg aviv| Sibvi Awb‡KZ Rjaviv Zv‡`i g‡b

Awbe©Pbxq Avb‡›`i mÂvi K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i Kv‡Q G aŸwbgvayh© I eY©‰efe Ac~e© g‡b n‡q‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K ÔSY©vi

MvbÕ KweZvq Sibv wb‡RB Zvi ˆewkó¨ eY©bv K‡i‡Q| †m PÂj cv‡q cyjwKZ MwZgqZvq Íä cv_‡ii ey‡K

Avb‡›`i c`wPnè Gu‡K Qz‡U P‡j| †m ce©Z †_‡K †b‡g Avmv Avb›`gq c`aŸwbi mv`v Rjivwki aviv| wMwi

†_‡K cwZZ GB A¤^yivwk cv_‡ii ey‡K AvNvZ †n‡b PZzw`©‡K Qwo‡q c‡o †h Ac~e© †mŠ›`‡h©i m„wó K‡i‡Q Zv

mwZ¨B g‡bvgy»Ki| ZvB ejv hvq, DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔSibvi MvbÕ KweZvi mv „k¨ i‡q‡Q|

N. DÏxcK I ÔSibvi MvbÕ KweZv `ywUiB DcRxe¨ cÖvK…wZK Dcv`vb Ges Gi †mŠ›`h© I eY©wefv|

c„w_exi cÖK…wZ RM‡Z Qwo‡q Av‡Q wewPÎ me Dcv`vb| cÖ‡Z¨KwU Dcv`vb Zvi Avcb ˆewk‡ó¨ ¯gwngvq

D™¢vwmZ| GB ¯vZ‡š¿¨i Kvi‡YB Zv n‡q‡Q| DÏxcK Ges ÔSibvi MvbÕ KweZvq Avgiv `ywU Sibvi KviæKvh©gq

c_Pjv Ges Zvi †mŠ›`h© Dc‡fvM Kwi|

DÏxc‡K ev›`ievb †Rjvi GKwU Sibvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| G Sibv cvnv‡oi Mv †_‡K wQU‡K cov GKwU Pjgvb

Rjaviv| ïå I Zvi eÜz‡`i Kv‡Q SibvwUi Aweivg Rjaviv Awbe©Pbxq Avb‡›`i Drm wn‡m‡e aiv w`‡q‡Q|

Zv‡`i Kv‡Q SibvwUi aŸwbgvayh© I eY©‰efe g‡bvni g‡b n‡q‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K ÔSibvi MvbÕ KweZvq Sibv Zvi

Avcb ˆewkó¨ wb‡q dz‡U D‡V‡Q| GLv‡b Sibv PÂjv Pcjv wMwi bw›`bx| Zvi cv cyjwKZ MwZgq| †m †hb

cv_‡ii ey‡K Avb‡›`i wPnè| GB Sibv cvnvo †_‡K Avb›`gq c`aŸwb‡Z †b‡g Avmv GK PÂj mv`v Rjivwki

aviv| G Rjavivi †mŠ›`h© Ges Awgq ¯v` ZzjbviwnZ|

DÏxc‡K Sibvi Acvw_©e cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h© Ges GB †mŠ›`h© gvbe g‡b †h cÖwZwµqvi m„wó K‡i Zvi eY©bv

i‡q‡Q| DÏxc‡Ki eY©bv‡Z cvIqv hvq †mŠ›`h©wccvmy g‡bi AvZ¥vi †LvivK| Aciw`‡K ÔSibvi MvbÕ KweZvq

Sibvi Pjvi c‡_i †h cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h© Zv dz‡U D‡V‡Q| cvnvo, wkjv, eb, wUjv, eyjeywj cvwL BZ¨vw` bvbv

cÖvK…wZK Dcv`v‡b c~Y© K‡i Kwe Zvi KweZvwU‡K M‡o Zz‡j‡Qb| ZvB ejv hvq, DÏxcKwU ÔSibvi MvbÕ KweZvi

g~jfve Zz‡j ai‡Z mdj n‡q‡Q|

A¨vmvBb‡g›U : wb‡R Kiæb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

m„wóKZ©v c„w_ex‡K wewPÎ Dcv`v‡b mw¾Z K‡i‡Qb| Gi Ab¨Zg wb`k©b nj Sibv| Sibv cyjwKZ MwZgq Q‡›`

c„w_exi ey‡K c`wPnè Gu‡K Qz‡U P‡j| Zvi PÂj I Avb›`gq c`aŸwb‡Z ce©Z †_‡K †b‡g Av‡m mv`v Rjivwk|

cvnvo †_‡K cwZZ GB Rjivwk c„w_exi ey‡K GK †gvnbxq Av‡ek m„wó K‡i| mwZ¨B, c„w_exi Awb›`¨ my›`i GK

Dcv`vb Sibv|

K. ÔZË¡‡evwabxÕ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K wQ‡jb †K?

L. †Kb m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `ˇK ÔQ‡›`i ivRvÕ ejv nq?

M. †Kvb w`K w`K †_‡K DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔSibvi MvbÕ KweZvi wgj i‡q‡Q? ÑAv‡jvPbv Kiæb|

N. ÒDÏxc‡K ÔSibvi MvbÕ KweZvwUi GKwU we‡kl w`K cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q, cy‡iv As‡ki cÖwZdjb N‡Uwb|Ó

ÑgšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki|

DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. N 2. K 3. M 4. N 5. M 6. M 7. K 8. K

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KweZvÑ150 SSC-1651

gvbyl

KvRx bRiyj Bmjvg

KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg 1899 mv‡ji 25 †g (evsjv 1306 mv‡ji 11 ˆR¨ô) cwðge‡½i ea©gvb †Rjvi Avmvb‡mvj

gnKzgvi Pziæwjqv MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi WvK bvg `yLy wgqv| Zuvi wcZvi bvg KvRx dwKi Avng` Ges gvZvi

bvg Rv‡n`v LvZzb| bRiæj Aí eq‡mB wcZvgvZv `yRb‡KB nvivb| ˆkke †_‡KB `vwi`ª Avi `ytL-Kó Zuvi m½x

n‡qwQj| ¯‹z‡ji aivevav Rxe‡b KL‡bvB wZwb AvK…ó nbwb| †Q‡j‡ejvq wZwb †j‡Uv Mv‡bi `‡j †hvM †`b| c‡i

ea©gv‡b I gqgbwms‡ni wÎkvj _vbvi `wiivgcyi nvB¯‹z‡j †jLvcov K‡ib| 1914 mv‡j cÖ_g wek¦hy× ïiæ n‡j 49

bs evOvwj cë‡b †hvM w`‡q KivwP‡Z hvb| hyׇk‡l bRiæj KjKvZvq wd‡i Av‡mb I mvwnZ¨mvabvq g‡bvwb‡ek

K‡ib| 1921 mv‡j Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZv cÖKv‡ki ci mvwnZ¨‡ÿ‡Î wZwb we‡ ªvnx Kwe wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ nb| Zuvi †jLvq

wZwb we‡`wk kvmK, mvgvwRK AwePvi I Ab¨vq-AZ¨vPv‡ii weiæ‡× ewjô K‡É cÖwZev` Rvwb‡q‡Qb| bRiæj mvwnZ¨

iPbv QvovI cÖvq Pvi nvRvi Mv‡bi iPwqZv| wZwb †ek K‡qKwU cwÎKvI m¤úv`bv K‡ib| wZwb MRj, †Lqvj I

ivMcÖavb Mvb iPbv K‡i L¨vwZ AR©b K‡ib| Aviwe-dviwm k‡ãi mv_©K e¨envi Zuvi KweZv‡K wewkóZv `vb

K‡i‡Q| Mí, Dcb¨vm, bvUK I cÖeÜ iPbvqI wZwb KzkjZvi cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb| bRiæj 1940 mv‡ji w`‡K

`yiv‡ivM¨ †iv‡M Avµvš Í n‡q evKkw³ nvwi‡q †d‡jb| 1972 mv‡j Kwe‡K XvKvq Avbv nq| Zuv‡K evsjv‡`‡ki

RvZxq Kwei gh©v`vq Awfwl³ Kiv nq| XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq Zuv‡K m¤§vbm~PK wWwjU Dcvwa cÖ`vb K‡ib| 1976

mv‡ji 29 AvM÷ wZwb g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib| XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq gmwR` cÖv½‡Y Zuv‡K mgvwnZ Kiv nq|

bRiy‡ji cÖavb iPbv :

Kve¨MÖš’ : AwMœ-exYv, we‡li euvkx, mvg¨ev`x, me©nviv, dwYgbmv, QvqvbU;

Dcb¨vm : evuabnviv, Kz‡nwjKv, g„Zz¨ÿzav;

Mí : e¨_vi `vb, wi‡³i †e`b;

cÖeÜ : hyMevYx, iæ`ªg½j, `yw`©‡bi hvÎx, ivRe›`xi Revbe›`x|

ÔgvbylÕ KweZvwU we‡`ªvnx I RvZxq Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi Ômvg¨ev`xÕ Kve¨MÖš’ †_‡K m¤úv`bv K‡i msKwjZ

n‡q‡Q| KweZvwU‡Z gvbe †mevi ga¨ w`‡qB †h gbyl¨‡Z¡i eo cwiPq wbwnZ i‡q‡Q Zv Dc ’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

RvwZ-ag©-eY© wbwe©‡k‡l gvby‡li gwngv, ag©MÖš’ I AvPvi Abyôv‡bi †P‡q gvby‡li ¸iæZ¡ Ges mgv‡Ri Z_vKw_Z

†gvjøv cy‡ivwnZ‡`i ¯iƒc D‡b¥vPb K‡i Kwe Zvi mvg¨ev`x `„wófw½ cÖwZôv K‡i‡Qb GB KweZv‡Z|

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

mv‡g¨i aviYvi GKUv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© w`K e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

a‡g©i eiv‡Z hviv gvby‡li AwaKvi j•Nb K‡i, Zv‡`i ¯iƒc we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

f~wgKv

Kwe-cwiwPwZ

Page 33: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ151

Mvwn mv‡g¨i Mvb Ñ

gvby‡li †P‡q eo wKQz bvB, b‡n wKQz gnxqvb

bvB †`k-Kvj-cv‡Îi †f`, A‡f` ag©RvwZ,

me †`‡k me Kv‡j N‡iÑN‡i wZwb gvby‡li ÁvwZ|

Ôc~Rvix, `yqvi †Lv‡jv,

ÿ zavi VvKzi `uvov‡q `yqv‡i c~Rvi mgq n‡jv !Õ

¯cb †`wLqv AvKzj c~Rvix Lywjj fRbvjq,

†`eZvi e‡i AvR ivRv-UvRv n‡q hv‡e wbðq !

RxY©-e ¿ kxY©-MvÎ, ÿzavq KÉ ÿxYÑ

WvwKj cvš’, ÔØvi †Lv‡jv evev, LvBwb †Zv mvZ w`b !Õ

mnmv eÜ n‡jv gw›`i, fzLvwi wdwiqv P‡j,

wZwgiivwÎ, c_ Ry‡o Zvi ÿ zavi gvwbK R¡‡j !

fzLvwi dzKvwiÕ Kq,

ÔH gw›`i c~Rvixi, nvq †`eZv, †Zvgvi bq !Õ

gmwR‡` Kvj wkiwb AvwQj, Ñ A‡Xj †Mv¯ Í iæwU

euvwPqv wMqv‡Q, †gvjøv mv‡ne †n‡m ZvB KzwU KzwU,

Ggb mgq G‡jv gymvwdi Mv‡q AvRvwii wPb

e‡j, Ôevev, Avwg fzLv dvKv AvwQ AvR wb‡q mvZ w`b !Õ

†Zwiqv nBqv nuvwKj †gvjøvÑÔf¨vjv n‡jv †`wL †jVv,

fzLv AvQ gi †Mv-fvMv‡o wM‡q ! bgvR cwom †eUv ?Õ

fzLvwi Kwnj, Ôbv evev !Õ †gvjøv nuvwKjÑÔZv n‡j kvjv

†mvRv c_ †`L !Õ †Mv¯ Í-iæwU wbqv gmwR‡` w`j Zvjv|

fzLvwi wdwiqv P‡j,

Pwj‡Z Pwj‡Z e‡jÑ

ÔAvwkUv eQi †K‡U †Mj, Avwg WvwKwb †Zvgvq Kfz,

Avgvi ÿzavi Abœ Zv e‡j eÜ Kiwb cÖfz|

Ze gmwR` gw›`‡i cÖfy bvB gvby‡li `vwe|

†gvjøv cyiæZ jvMv‡q‡Q Zvi mKj `yqv‡i Pvwe !Õ

†Kv_v †Pw½m, MRwb gvgy`, †Kv_vq Kvjvcvnvo ?

†f‡O †dj H fRbvj‡qi hZ Zvjv-†`Iqv Øvi !

†Lv`vi N‡i †K KcvU jvMvq, †K †`q †mLv‡b Zvjv ?

me Øvi Gi †Lvjv i‡e, Pvjv nvZzwo kvej Pvjv !

nvq †i fRbvjq,

†Zvgvi wgbv‡i Pwoqv fÐ Mv‡n ¯v‡_©i Rq !

(ms‡ÿwcZ)

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

A‡f`Ñ Awfbœ; wbwe©‡k‡l| AvRvwiÑ iyM&Y; e¨w_Z| KcvUÑ `iRvi cvjøv| KvjvcvnvoÑ cÖK…Z bvg ivRP›`ª ev

ivRK…ò; ivRbvivqY; Kv‡iv Kv‡iv g‡Z wZwb eªvþY wQ‡jb| c‡i Bmjvg ag© MÖnY K‡ib| wZwb A‡bK †`evjq

aŸsm K‡i‡Qb| hviv cweÎ Dcvmbvj‡qi `‡ivRv eÜ K‡i Zv‡`i aŸs‡mi Rb¨ KweZvq Kvjvcvnvo‡K AvnŸvb

g~jcvV

Page 34: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ152 SSC-1651

Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| ÿzavi VvKziÑ ÿzavZ© gvbyl‡K †`eZvÁvb Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb ÔAwZw_ bvivqYÕ| ÿzavi gvwbK R¡‡jÑ

ÿzavZ© e¨w³i RViR¡vjv A‡_© e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| MRwb gvgy`Ñ MRwbi myjZvb gvngy`| wZwb m‡Zi evi fviZel©

AvµgY K‡i aŸsmjxjv Pvjvb| GLv‡b Zuv‡K Dcvmbvj‡qi fÐ `yqvwi‡`i aŸsm Kivi Rb¨ AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q|

†Mv-fvMvoÑ g„Z Miæ †djvi wbw`©ó ’vb| †Pw½mÑ †Pw½m Lvb; g‡½vjxq `ya©l© †bZv| ÁvwZÑ m‡MvÎ; ¯Rb; GKB

es‡k RvZ e¨w³| VvKziÑ †`eZv| wZwgi ivwÎÑ AÜKvi ivZ| †ZwiqvÑ D×Zfv‡e; DMÖfv‡e| ØviÑ `iRv; `yqvi|

cvš’Ñ cw_K| cyiæZÑ cy‡ivwnZ; c~RvP©bv cwiPvjbvi gyL¨ e¨w³| c~RvixÑ c~RvKvix; DcvmK; cy‡ivwnZ| dzKvwiÑ

wPrKvi K‡i| eiÑ Avkxe©v`; Kv‡iv KvQ †_‡K Kvw•ÿZ e ‘ ev welq| fRbvjqÑ Dcvmbvi M„n ev Ni| fÐÑ KcU;

fvbKvix| fyLvwiÑ ÿzavZ© e¨w³| gnxqvbÑ AwZ gnvb| gymvwdiÑ mdiKvix; cw_K; AvMš‘K| wkiwbÑ gymjgvb ev

wn› y KZ©„K mZ¨cxi ev Ab¨ cx‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ wb‡e`‡bi Rb¨ AvUv, gq`v, wPwb, Kjv, cv‡qm BZ¨vw`i ˆZwi †fvM

we‡kl; wdiwb| kxY©-MvÎÑ †ivMv kixi cvZjv †`n| mvg¨Ñ mgZv|

mvims‡ÿc :

gvbe-mgv‡R ag©-eY©-†Mv‡Îi †f` Av‡Q| wKš‘ Zvi †P‡q eo mZ¨ nj: gvbyl wn‡m‡e mevB mgvb| ÿzavZ© cw_K

Lvevi †P‡qwQj gw›`‡i| mvZw`‡bi Dcevmx GB cw_KB c‡i wM‡qwQj gmwR‡`| ch©vß Lvevi wQj| wKš‘ gw›`‡ii

c~Rvix Avi gmwR‡`i †gvjøv Lvevi †`qwb| GUv ag©m¤§Z bq| ¯^v‡_©i Rb¨ †KD †KD a‡g©i bxwZ j•Nb K‡i|

Zv‡`i cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z n‡e| gvby‡li gh©v`v I mvg¨ cÖwZôvi Rb¨ mwµq n‡Z n‡e|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq gymvwdi KZw`b Afy³ wQj?

K. GKw`b L. wZbw`b

M. cuvPw`b N. mvZw`b

2. Ôf¨vjv n‡jv †`wL †jVvÕ cO&w³wU‡Z cÖKvk †c‡q‡QÑ

K. mskq L. Drmvn

M. weiw³ N. Avb›`

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

Ô†K †Zvgvq e‡j eviv½bv gv †K †`q _y_y IB Mv‡q,

nq‡Zv †Zvgvq Íb w`‡q‡Q mxZvmg mZx gv‡q|Õ

3. DÏxcK I ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq †hLv‡b mv`„k¨ i‡q‡QÑ

K. gvbyl‡K N„Yv bv Kiv L. ag©B mevi Dc‡i

M. mgv‡Ri Dbœqb N. cy‡ivwn‡Zi Ck¦i fw³

4. DÏxcK I ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq mv`„k¨ †`Lv hvq †h wel‡qÑ

i. gvbweKZv

ii. mn‡hvwMZv

iii. mngwg©Zv

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii

M. iii N. ii I iii

Page 35: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ153

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

5. Kvjv cvnv‡oi cÖK…Z bvg Kx?

i. ivRP›`ª ii. ivRK…ò iii. ivRbvivqY

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii

M. iii N. Dc‡ii me KqwU

6. ÔfzLv AvQ gi †Mv-fvMv‡o wM‡q! bgvR cwom †eUv?Õ ÑevK¨wU‡Z †gvjøvi †Kvb e³e¨ cÖKvk cvq?

K. AmnvqZ¡ L. Av‡e`b M. N„Yv N. wbôziZv

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :

ÔZvivB gvbyl, ZvivB †`eZv, Mvwn Zvnv‡`wi Mvb,

Zv‡`wi e¨w_Z e‡ÿ cv †d‡j Av‡m be DÌvb|Õ

7. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y© KweZv njÑ

K. cÖvY L. AÜea~

M. †mBw`b GB gvV N. gvbyl

8. DÏxcK I ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡QÑ

i. gvby‡li gbyl¨Z¡‡eva ii. cy‡ivwn‡Zi Ck¦i fw³ iii. civaxbZvi weiæ‡× jovB

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. ii I iii

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

Ac‡ii Rb¨ Zzwg †Zvgvi cÖvY `vI, Avwg Zv ej‡Z PvB †b| Ac‡ii ÿz`ª ÿz`ª `ytL Zzwg `~i Ki| Aci‡K GKUzLvwb

myL `vI| Ac‡ii m‡½ GKUzLvwb wgwó K_v ej| c‡_i Amnvq gvbylwUi w`‡K GKUz m`q `„wó wb‡ÿc Ki,Zvn‡jB

n‡e| `ytLx gvby‡li †QvU †QvU `ytL `~i Kiv, Amnvq gvby‡li g‡b Avkv RvMv‡bv, wKsev wecbœ gvby‡li cv‡k

`uvov‡bvi g‡Zv †QvU †QvU DcKv‡i eªZx nIqvi g‡a¨B gbyl¨‡Z¡i cÖKvk N‡U|

K. Ô†ZwiqvÕ A_© Kx?

L. ÔA‡f` ag©RvwZÕ ej‡Z Kwe Kx eywS‡q‡Qb?

M. DÏxc‡Ki †Kvb w`KwU ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y©? ÑAv‡jvPbv Ki yb|

N. ÒDÏxcK I ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq †PZbvMZ w`K †_‡K AwfbœZv i‡q‡Q|Ó Ñwe‡kølY Ki yb|

bgybv DËi : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K. Ô†ZwiqvÕ kãwUi A_© n‡”Q D×Z ev DMÖ|

L. ÔA‡f` ag©RvwZÕ ej‡Z GLv‡b Kwe c„w_exi mKj gvby‡li GK I Awfbœ ag©‡K eywS‡q‡Qb|

ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg gvbeZvi RqMvb †M‡q‡Qb| Zuvi g‡Z c„w_exi mKj gvbyl GK

a‡g©i| gvby‡li g‡a¨ †f`v‡f`‡K wZwb A¯xKvi K‡i‡Qb| c„w_ex‡Z gvby‡l gvby‡l †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ †bB| Zviv

GKB i³-gvs‡mi ˆZwi| gvby‡li me †_‡K eo cwiPq †m gvbyl| Avi gvby‡li GKUvB ag© Zv n‡”Q gvbe ag©|

e ‘Z Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq ÔA‡f` ag©RvwZÕ ej‡Z gvby‡li GB AwfbœZv‡K eywS‡q‡Qb|

M. gvby‡li gbyl¨Z¡ weKv‡ki fvebvi w`K †_‡K DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi mv „k¨ i‡q‡Q|

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KweZvÑ154 SSC-1651

c„w_ex‡Z gvbyl gvby‡li Rb¨| GLv‡b mKj gvby‡li mgfv‡e †fv‡Mi I euvPvi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| G AwaKvi

cÖwZôvq mKj‡K mg`vwqZ¡m¤úbœ n‡Z nq| †KD hw` GLv‡b `vwq‡Z¡ Ae‡njv K‡i Z‡e mgv‡R †b‡g Av‡m

welv‡`i Kv‡jvivwÎ|

DÏxc‡K wecbœ gvby‡li cv‡k `uvov‡bvi AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| KviY c„w_ex‡Z wecbœ gvbylwUiI †eu‡P _vKvi

AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| Avi G‡ÿ‡Î mgv‡R hviv mÿg Zv‡`i D`vi gvbwmKZvq GwM‡q Avmvi cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q|

DÏxc‡K ejv n‡q‡Q, Ac‡ii ÿz`ª ÿz`ª `ytL Zzwg `~i K‡i `vI| Amnvq gvbylwUi cÖwZ KiæYvi `„wó `vI| Zv‡`i

Kj¨v‡Yi w`‡K `„wó ivL| wecbœ gvby‡li g‡b †eu‡P _vKvi Avkv RvwM‡q †Zvj| ÔgvbylÕ KweZvqI Abyiƒc Abyf~wZ

cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| †mLv‡b cÖwZev‡`i fvlvq ejv n‡q‡Q, gw›`i-gmwR` cy‡ivwnZ I †gvjøviv `Lj K‡i e‡m

Av‡Q| †mLv‡b wbibœ gvby‡liv Lvevi cvq bv| Kwe e‡j‡Qb, H fRbvj‡qi e× Øvi nvZzwo-kvej w`‡q Ly‡j

†dj‡Z| Avi †mLvb †_‡K Lvevi G‡b `wi`ª Amnvq gvby‡li gy‡L Zz‡j w`‡Z| Gfv‡e †`Lv hvq DÏxcK I

ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq e¨³ n‡q‡Q wbibœ Amnvq gvby‡li AwaKvi cÖwZôvi K_v| myZivs Gw`K †_‡K ejv hvq DÏxcK

I ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q|

N. DÏxcK I ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq gvby‡li gbyl¨Z¡ weKv‡ki cÖwZ ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q|

Avgv‡`i mgv‡R wewfbœ †kÖwYi gvbyl i‡q‡Q| G‡`i g‡a¨ A‡b‡KB Amnvq I wecbœ| Zv‡`i G Amnvq Ae ’v

`~i Kivi `vwqZ¡ mgv‡Ri mÿg e¨w³‡`i| Avi G `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi ga¨ w`‡q gvby‡li gbyl¨‡Z¡i weKvk N‡U|

DÏxc‡K gvbeZvi cÖwZ D`vi AvKzwZ Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| †mLv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q, Ac‡ii ÿz`ª ÿz`ª `ytL Zzwg `~i Ki|

Aci‡K GKUzLvwb myL `vI| GKUzLvwb wgwó K_v ej| c‡_i Amnvq gvbylwUi w`‡K KiæYvi `„wó wb‡ÿc Ki|

Gfv‡e wecbœ gvby‡li DcKvi I `ytLx gvby‡li †QvU †QvU `ytL `~i Kivq gvbevZ¥v RvMÖZ nq Ges gvby‡li

gbyl¨‡Z¡i weKvk N‡U| Kwe KvRx bRiæj BmjvgI ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq gbyl¨‡Z¡i weKvk NUv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb|

KweZvwU‡Z Zvi cÖwZcÿ wQj wbôzi I ¯v_©ev`x †gvjøv †kÖwY| Zviv gmwR` I gw›`‡i `vb wnmv‡e cvIqv †MvkZ-

iæwU I cÖmv`-wgóvbœ GKvB `Lj K‡i e‡m Av‡Q| Zviv Abœnxb fzLv gvbyl‡K Zvwo‡q w`‡q‡Q wbôzifv‡e| gw›`i

I gmwR‡` `yqvi eÜ K‡i Zvjv jvwM‡q w`‡q‡Q| Kwe Zvi cÖwZev`x fvlvq Gme AbvPv‡ii Zxeª cÖwZev`

Rvwb‡q‡Qb| wZwb gmwR`-gw›`‡ii `yqvi Ly‡j Gme wbibœ gvbyl‡K Lvevi w`‡Z e‡j‡Qb| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ gbyl¨‡Z¡i

D‡Øvab NUv‡Z e‡j‡Qb| Aek¨ KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi fvlvq cÖwZev‡`i †PZbv cÖej n‡q D‡V‡Q|

DÏxcK I ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq gvby‡li gbyl¨‡ev‡ai RvMiY Kvgbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| †Kbbv gvby‡li me †P‡q eo

cwiPq †m gvbyl| AZGe,DÏxcK Ges ÔgvbylÕ KweZvwUi g~jfve we‡kølY K‡i ejv hvq, †PZbvMZ w`K †_‡K

G `y‡Uvi g‡a¨ AwfbœZv i‡q‡Q|

A¨vmvBb‡g›U : wb‡R Kiæb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

Avgiv mKj †`‡ki, mKj RvwZi mKj a‡g©i, mKj Kv‡ji| Avgiv gywi` †hŠe‡bi| GB RvwZ-a‡g©i-Kvj‡K

AwZµg Kwi‡Z cvwiqv‡Q huvnv‡`i †hŠeb, ZuvnvivB AvR gnvgvbe, gnvZ¥v, gnvexi| Zvnvw`M‡K mKj †`‡ki mKj

a‡g©i mKj †jvK mgvb kÖ×v K‡i|

K. `yqv‡i †K `uvwo‡qwQj?

L. ÔH gw›`i c~Rvixi,nvq †`eZv, †Zvgvi bq|Õ Ñ†Kb?

M. DÏxc‡K ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi †h wecixZ w`K¸‡jv dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zv Zz‡j ai yb|

N. ÒDÏxcK I ÔgvbylÕ KweZv gvby‡li RqMv‡b gyLwiZ n‡q‡Q|Ó ÑAv‡jvPbv Kiyb|

DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. N 2. M 3. K 4. K 5. N 6. N 7. N 8. K

Page 37: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ155

†mBw`b GB gvV

Rxebvb›` `vk

Rxebvb›` `vk 1899 wLª÷v‡ãi 17 †deªæqvwi ewikvj kn‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi wcZv mZ¨vb›` `vk I gvZv

KzmygKzgvix `vk| KzmygKzgvix `vkI GKRb Kwe wQ‡jb Ges Zuvi weL¨vZ KweZv ÔAvgv‡`i †`‡k n‡e †mB †Q‡j

K‡e,/ K_vq bv eo n‡q Kv‡R eo n‡eÕÑ GL‡bv RbwcÖq wkïcvV¨| Rxebvb›` `vk 1915 mv‡j ewikvj eªR‡gvnb

¯‹zj †_‡K g¨vwUªK, 1917 mv‡j eªR‡gvnb K‡jR †_‡K B›UviwgwW‡qU, 1919 mv‡j †cÖwm‡WwÝ K‡jR †_‡K

Bs‡iwR‡Z weG Abvm© I 1921 mv‡j KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ GgG wWwMÖ jvf K‡ib| Gici

wZwb KjKvZv wmwU K‡jR I ewikvj eªR‡gvnb K‡jRmn wewfbœ K‡j‡R Aa¨vcbv K‡ib| 1947 mv‡j †`kwefv‡Mi

wKQz c~‡e© mcwiev‡i evsjv‡`k Z¨vM K‡i KjKvZvq ’vqxfv‡e emevm ïiæ K‡ib| Zuv‡K evsjv fvlvi Ôï×Zg KweÕ

wn‡m‡e AvL¨vwqZ Kiv nq| evsjvi cÖK…wZi iƒc‰ewP‡Î¨ Kwe wbgMœwPË| G †`‡ki MvQcvjv, jZv¸j¥, dzj-cvwL Zuvi

AvRb¥ wcÖq| wZwb wbf…‡Z 14wU Dcb¨vm I 108wU †QvUMí iPbv K‡i‡Qb, hvi GKwUI RxeÏkvq cÖKvk K‡ibwb|

1954 wLª÷v‡ãi 14 A‡±vei Rxebvb›` `vk KjKvZvi evwjM‡Ä GK Uªvg-`yN©Ubvq AvnZ nb Ges 22 A‡±vei

g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib|

Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ iPbv :

Kve¨MÖš’ : Siv cvjK, a~mi cvÐywjwc, ebjZv †mb, gnvc„w_ex, mvZwU Zvivi wZwgi, iƒcmx evsjv|

Dcb¨vm : gvj¨evb, myZx_©|

cÖeÜ : KweZvi K_v|

Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvwU Kwe Rxebvb›` `v‡ki Ôiƒcmx evsjvÕ Kve¨MÖ‡š’i cÖ_g KweZv| mf¨Zvi aŸsm I

wewbg©v‡Y Avcb gwngv I †mŠ›`h© wb‡q gvb‡ei †mev`vÎx cÖK…wZi Agi‡Z¡i w`KwU GB KweZvq Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q|

GLv‡b cÖK…wZi †mŠ›`h©‡PZbvq wb‡R‡K m¤ú„³ K‡i AgiZ¡ jv‡f Kwe AbycÖvwYZ K‡i‡Qb| c„w_exi engvbZv

gvby‡li mvaviY g„Zz¨ †VKv‡Z bv cvi‡jI ¯cœ‡K euvwP‡q ivL‡Z cv‡i AbšÍKvjÑ G-K_vUvB Kwe bv›`wbKZvi mv‡_

KweZvwU‡Z Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb|

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

cÖK…wZi wKQz Dcv‡`q Dcv`vb m¤ú‡K© wjL‡Z cvi‡eb;

gvbe-AwfÁZvi ÿY ’vqx Avi wPišÍb w`K e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

f~wgKv

Kwe-cwiwPwZ

Page 38: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ156 SSC-1651

†mB w`b GB gvV Íä n‡e bv‡Kv Rvwb

GB b`x bÿ‡Îi Z‡j

†mw`‡bv †`wL‡e ¯cœ Ñ

†mvbvi ¯‡cœi mva c„w_ex‡Z K‡e Avi S‡i !

Avwg P‡j hve e‡j

PvjZvdzj wK Avi wfwR‡e bv wkwk‡ii R‡j

big M‡Üi †XD‡q ?

j²x‡cuPv Mvb Mv‡e bvwK Zvi j²xwUi Z‡i ?

†mvbvi ¯‡cœi mva c„w_ex‡Z K‡e Avi S‡i !

Pvwiw`‡K kvš Í evwZ Ñ wf‡R MÜ Ñ g„`y Kjie;

†Lqv‡bŠ‡Kv¸‡jv G‡m †j‡M‡Q P‡ii Lye Kv‡Q;

c„w_exi GB me Mí †eu‡P iÕ‡e wPiKvj; Ñ

Gwkwiqv ay‡jv AvR Ñ †ewejb QvB n‡q Av‡Q|

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

Avwg P‡j hve e‡j ... j²xwUi Z‡iÑ c„w_ex‡Z †KDB wPi ’vqx bq| cÖ‡Z¨K gvbyl‡KB GK mgq P‡j †h‡Z nq|

wKš‘ wkwk‡ii R‡j PvjZv dzj wf‡R †h inm¨gq †mŠ›`h© I Avb‡›`i we Ívi K‡i P‡j hyM-hyMv‡šÍ Zvi †Kv‡bv

Ae‡kl †bB| Avi †mB wkwk‡ii R‡j †fRv PvjZv dz‡ji M‡Üi †XD cÖevwnZ n‡Z _vK‡e AbšÍKvje¨vcx| Kwei

GB †ev‡ai g‡a¨ cÖK…wZi GK kvk¦Zi~c g~Z© n‡q D‡V‡Q, †hLv‡b j²x‡cuPvwUi gg‡Z¡i AbyfvebvI aiv w`‡q‡Q

AmvaviY GK Zvrc‡h©| KjieÑ †Kvjvnj| Gwkwiqv ay‡jv AvR Ñ †ewejb QvB n‡q Av‡QÑ gvby‡li Mov c„w_exi

A‡bK mf¨Zv wejxb n‡q †M‡Q| Gwkixq I †ewejbxq mf¨Zv GLb aŸsm Í~c Qvov wKQz bq| wKš‘ cÖK…wZ Zvi Avcb

i~c-im-MÜ wb‡q wPiKvj cÖvYgq n‡q _v‡K| cÖK…wZi g‡a¨ wewPÎ M‡Üi Av¯v` g„`yg›` †Kvjvn‡ji Avb›`, Zvi

AšÍM©Z AdzišÍ †mŠ›`h© KLbB †kl nq bv| Av‡jvP¨ As‡k Rxebvb›` `vk cÖK…wZi GB wPiKvjxb †mŠ›`h©‡K †ev‡ai

GK we¯§qKi kw³‡Z Dc ’vcb K‡i‡Qb| PiÑ b`x‡Z cwj R‡g MwVZ f‚fvM| bÿÎÑ Zviv| g„`yÑ †Kvgj; ÿxY;

Aby”P| ÍäÑ wbðj, wb¯ú›`| †mBw`b GB gvV ... K‡e Avi S‡iÑ Rxebvb›` `vk cÖK…wZi Kwe| cÖK…wZi inm¨gq

†mŠ›`h© Zuvi KweZvi g~jMZ †cÖiYv| wZwb Rv‡bb wewPÎ weeZ©‡bi g‡a¨I cÖK…wZ Zuvi i~c-im-MÜ KLbB nvwi‡q

†dj‡e bv| wZwb hLb _vK‡eb bv ZLbI cÖK…wZ Zvi AdzišÍ Hk¦h© wb‡q gvby‡li ¯cœmva I Kíbv‡K Z…ß K‡i

hv‡e| Av‡jvP¨ As‡k Kwe cÖK…wZi GB gvnvZ¥¨‡K Mfxi Z…wß I gg‡Z¡i m‡½ Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb|

mvims‡ÿc :

Kwe hLb _vK‡eb bv, ZL‡bv c„w_ex‡Z ¯cœ i‡q hv‡e| †Lvjv AvKv‡ki wb‡P b`x ZL‡bv ¯cœ †`L‡e| KviY,

my›`i ¯‡cœi mva †kl nIqvi bq| e¨w³i g„Zz¨ n‡jI i‡q hv‡e my›`i `„k¨¸‡jv| PvjZvdzj wkwk‡ii R‡j

wfR‡e| j²x‡cuPv Mvb MvB‡e| cÖK…wZi †hme my›`i gvby‡li Rxeb‡K gayi K‡i †Zv‡j, †m¸‡jv wPiKvjxb|

gvby‡li ˆZwi mf¨Zv wKš‘ mg‡qi cÖev‡n aŸsm n‡q hvq|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. Kwe Rxebvb›` `v‡ki gv‡qi bvg Kx?

K. KzmygKzgvix `vk L. mweZv fÆvPvh©

M. bebxZv †`e‡mb N. AvkvjZv `vk

g~jcvV

Page 39: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ157

2. Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi g~jfve n‡”QÑ

K. gvbe mf¨Zvi cwiYwZ L. cÖK…wZi †mŠ›`h© wPi ’vqx

M. cÖK…wZi †mŠ›`h© bk¦i N. RxevZ¥v inm¨gq

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

Avevi Avwme Avwg evsjv b`x gvV †LZ fv‡jv‡e‡m

Rjv½xi †XD‡q †fRv evsjvi G meyR KiæY WvOvq;

3. DÏxc‡Ki Abyf~wZ wb‡Pi †Kvb iPbvq cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q?

K. AÜea~ L. Avgvi mšÍvb

M. †mBw`b GB gvV N. †mvbvi Zix

4. DÏxcK I Avcbvi cvV¨ KweZvq †h Abyf~wZ cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡QÑ

i. ¯§„wZKvZiZv

ii. cÖK…wZ‡cÖg

iii. mgvR m‡PZbZv

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii

M. iii N. ii I iii

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

5. j²x‡cuPv Kvi Rb¨ Mvb MvB‡e?

K. WvûK L. gvQivOv

M. k¨vg‡cuPv N. j²x

6. ÔGB b`x bÿ‡Îi Z‡jÕ ej‡Z Kwe hv eywS‡q‡QbÑ

K. mgMÖ c„w_ex‡K L. mgMÖ P›`ª‡K

M. mgMÖ gnvKvk‡K N. mvZ mvMi †Zi b`x‡K

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

c„w_exi bi-bvixi myL-`ytL-wein hw` wVKfv‡e Zuvi m„wó‡Z VuvB cvq, Z‡eB wZwb Agi n‡eb|

7. DÏxc‡Ki fv‡ei mv‡_ wgj i‡q‡Q †Kvb ev‡K¨i?

i. †mBw`b GB gvV Íä n‡e bv‡Kv RvwbÑ

ii. c„w_exi GBme Mí †eu‡P i‡e wPiKvj

iii. Avwg P‡j hve e‡j PvjZvdzj wK Avi wfwR‡e bv wkwk‡ii R‡j

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii

M. iii N. i I ii

8. DÏxcK I evK¨wU‡Z mv`„‡k¨i KviY †h wel‡qÑ

K. HwZn¨ L. cÖK…wZ

M. wbZ¨Zv N. aŸsm

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

†P‡q †`wL QvZvi gZb eo cvZvwUi wb‡P

e‡m Av‡Q †fv‡ii †`v‡qj cvwLÑ

Page 40: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ158 SSC-1651

Pvwi w`‡K †P‡q †`wL cjø‡ei ~Íc

Rvg-eU-KuvVv‡ji wnR‡ji Ak¦‡Ìi

K‡i Av‡Q Pzc

dYxgbmvi †Sv‡c kwUe‡b Zvnv‡`i Qvqv cwoqv‡Q|

K. Kwe Rxebvb›` `v‡ki `„wó‡Z evsjv‡`k Kx iKg?

L. Ôc„w_exi GBme Mí †eu‡P i‡e wPiKvj|Õ ÑDw³wU eywS‡q ejyb|

M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi mv „k¨ Zz‡j ai yb|

N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki cÖK…wZ‡cÖg Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvqI AbyiwYZ n‡q‡Q|Ó Ñg~j¨vqb Kiyb|

bgybv DËi : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K. Kwe Rxebvb›` `v‡ki `„wó‡Z evsjv‡`k GK Abb¨ iƒcmx|

L. c„w_ex‡Z cÖK…wZ wPiKvjxb| GLv‡b my›`‡ii mvabv, bZz‡bi Avivabv wPiKvj Pj‡Z _v‡K| c„w_ex‡Z KL‡bv

my›`‡ii AwfcÖvq I ¯‡cœi Avevnb k~b¨ nq bv| †m Zvi Avcb iƒc-im-MÜ wb‡q wPiKvj †eu‡P _v‡K| Av‡jvP¨

PiYwU‡Z GwUB ejv n‡q‡Q|

cÖK…wZ cÖwZwbqZ cwiewZ©Z nq| †m KL‡bvB Zvi Avcb iƒc-im-MÜ nvwi‡q †d‡j bv| †m me mgqB Zvi wbR

ˆewkó¨‡K aviY K‡i wPiKvj cÖvYgq _v‡K| cÖK…wZi †h inm¨gq †mŠ›`h© I Avb‡›`i we Ívi Zvi †Kv‡bv Ae‡kl

†bB| cÖK…wZi g‡a¨ wewPÎ M‡Üi Av¯v`, g„`yg›` †Kvjvn‡ji Avb›`, wKsev cy‡®úi †mŠ›`h© KL‡bvB †kl nq bv|

cÖK…wZi GBme †mŠ›`h©B Mí n‡q c„w_ex‡Z wPiKvj †eu‡P _vK‡e|

M. cÖK…wZi †h Aciƒc iƒc jveY¨ Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvq cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q, ZvB DÏxc‡K dz‡U D‡V‡Q|

cÖK…wZ wPišÍb †mŠ›`‡h©i Avavi| cÖvK…wZKfv‡e m„ó mewKQzB cÖK…wZi Ask| MvQcvjv, b`xbvjv, AvKvk, evZvm

mewKQzB cÖK…wZi Abyl½x| cÖK…wZi †mŠ›`h© KL‡bv †kl nq bv, KL‡bv †kl n‡e bv| gvbyl cÖK…wZi g‡a¨ Luy‡R

cvq Rxe‡bi my›`i‡K| cÖK…wZ wbR¯ wbq‡g gvby‡li ¯^cœ-mva I Kíbv‡K Z…ß K‡i| Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZv

Ges DÏxc‡K Zvi cÖgvY cvIqv hvq|

DÏxc‡Ki Kwei wbKU cÖK…wZi †mŠ›`h© aiv c‡o‡Q kvk¦Z iƒc wb‡q| GLv‡b Kwe Lye †fv‡i RvMÖZ nb|

Pvwiw`‡K wbðzc| †fv‡ii cvwLiv ZL‡bv †W‡K I‡Vwb| eo GKUv cvZvi wb‡P e‡m Av‡Q †`v‡qj cvwL| Zvi

Dcw ’wZ Kwei wP‡Ë †mŠ›`‡h©i evb Wv‡K| Dciš‘ MÖvgevsjvi cjø‡ei ¯Í~c Kwei mËv‡K D¾xweZ K‡i|

Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvq KweI cÖK…wZi †mŠ›`h© eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| wkwk‡ii R‡j PvjZv dz‡ji wf‡R IVvi `„k¨

Kwe‡K Avbgbv K‡i| j²x‡cuPv hLb Zvi wcÖqv‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i Mvb a‡i ZLb Kwe GKRb gy» †kÖvZv n‡q hvb|

KL‡bv ev P‡ii Kv‡Q LuywU‡Z euvav †bŠKv Kwe‡K D`vmxb K‡i †Zv‡j| Gfv‡e †`Lv hvq cÖK…wZi †mŠ›`h© Dc‡fvM

Kivi wel‡q DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi mv „k¨ i‡q‡Q|

N. cÖK…wZi MwZgqZv Ges Awebk¦i †mŠ›`h© †PZbv Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZv Ges DÏxc‡Ki g~j DcRxe¨|

c„w_ex m„wói ci †_‡K AvRI Zv cÖengvb| cÖK…wZI wbR¯ wbq‡g MwZgvb| cÖK…wZi GB ¯fveag©‡K †KD

Dcjwä K‡i, Avevi †KD Gw`‡K bRi †`qbv| c„w_ex‡Z cÖK…wZ AbeiZ m„wó Avi aŸs‡mi ga¨ w`‡q AMÖmi

nq| Gfv‡eB Zvi fvimvg¨ iwÿZ nq| †hgb gvbyl G c„w_ex‡Z Av‡m Avevi P‡j hvq| G‡Z cÖK…wZi fvimv‡g¨

†Kv‡bv cwieZ©b nq bv|

DÏxc‡Ki Kwe †mŠ›`h©wccvmy| wZwb †fv‡i †`v‡qj cvwL †`‡Lb| WzgyicvZvi wb‡P e‡m _v‡K †`v‡qj|

†`v‡q‡ji gv_vi Dci Wzgyi cvZv‡K Kwei QvZv e‡j g‡b nq| Pvwiw`‡K wZwb cjø‡ei Í~c †`‡Lb| Avi †`‡Lb

Avg-Rvg-eU-Ak¦Ì Mv‡Qi mgvnvi| MvQ¸‡jv `uvwo‡q Av‡Q Avi Zv‡`i Qvqv c‡o‡Q dYxgbmvi †Suv‡c|

Ab¨w`‡K Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi KweI cÖK…wZi Qwe Gu‡K‡Qb Abycg iƒ‡c| GLv‡b †Lqv †bŠKv¸‡jv P‡ii

Page 41: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ159

Lye Kv‡Q G‡m _v‡g| Pvwiw`‡K _v‡K kvšÍ evwZ| j²x‡cuPv Zvi wcÖqvi Rb¨ Mvb Mvq Avi Kwe Zv Avbg‡b

†kv‡bb| KL‡bv ev PvjZv dzj wkwk‡ii R‡j wf‡R DV‡j Gi M‡Üi †XD cÖevwnZ n‡Z _v‡K|

DÏxcK I Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvq Avw` Ges AK…wÎgiƒ‡c †Kej cÖK…wZi cÖwZ Mfxi fv‡jvevmv cÖKvk

†c‡q‡Q| KweZv Ges DÏxc‡K Avgiv cÖK…wZ wfbœ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Abyl‡½i Dcw ’wZ jÿ Kwi bv| ZvB ejv hvq,

DÏxc‡K cÖKvwkZ cÖK…wZ‡cÖg Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvq AbyiwYZ n‡q‡Q|

A¨vmvBb‡g›U : wb‡R Kiæb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

AviI A‡bK MvQ cvZv-jZv

bxj njy` †e¸wb A_ev mv`v

AR¯ª dz‡ji eb¨v AdzišÍ

Ny‡gi AjmZvq †PvL eyu‡R Avmvi g‡Zv

kvwšÍ|

K. Rxebvb›` `vk †Kvb Rxeb‡PZbvi Kwe wnmv‡e cwiwPZ?

L. ÔGwkwiqv ay‡jv AvR Ñ †ewejb QvB n‡q Av‡Q|Õ †Kb? eywS‡q ej yb?

M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ Ô†mB me w`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi mv „k¨¸‡jv wb‡Ri fvlvq Zz‡j ai yb|

N. Ò†cÖÿvcU wfbœ n‡jI DÏxcK I Ô†mB me w`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi cÖK…wZ eY©bvq †hb GKwU wbM~p

m¤úK© i‡q‡Q|Ó ÑAv‡jvPbv Ki yb|

DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. K 2. L 3. M 4. L 5. N 6. K 7. L 8. M

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vj‡qi I‡cb ¯‹zj cwiPvwjZ GmGmwm †cÖvMÖv‡gi wkÿv_x©eÜz‡`i Rb¨

evsjv wel‡qi AwWI/wfwWI †cÖvMÖvg¸‡jv eZ©gv‡b wewUwf/esjv‡`k †eZvi KZ…©K mßv‡ni wbw`©ó

w`‡bi wbw`©ó mg‡q cÖPvwiZ n‡q Avm‡Q|

wkÿv_x©eÜziv, Avcbviv ÷vwW †m›Uvi †_‡K †cÖvMÖvg wmwWDj msMÖn K‡i wbw`©ó w`‡bi wbw`©ó

mg‡q cÖPvwiZ †cÖvMÖvgwU †`L‡j DcK…Z n‡eb e‡j Avkv KiwQ| AwWI/wfwWI †cÖvMÖvg¸‡jv

†evSvi myweav‡_© eBwU mvg‡b wb‡q emyb Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq welq¸wj †bvU Kivi Rb¨ KvMR, Kjg

mv‡_ ivLyb| †Kv‡bv welq eyS‡Z Amyweav n‡j cÖ‡qvR‡b Avcbvi wUDU‡ii mnvqZv wbb|

AwWI/wfwWI

Page 42: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ160 SSC-1651

cwjøRbbx

RmxgD`& xb

RmxgD`&`xb 1903 mv‡ji 1 Rvbyqvwi dwi`cyi †Rjvi Zv¤^yjLvbv MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi wcZv †gŠjwe Avbmvi

DwÏb †gvjøv I gv Avwgbv LvZzb| dwi`cyi †Rjv ¯‹zj †_‡K g¨vwUªK, iv‡R›`ª K‡jR †_‡K AvBG, KwjKvZv

wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K evsjv fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨ weG I GgG cvk K‡ib| 1938 mv‡j XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q evsjv wefv‡Mi

Aa¨vcK wbhy³ nb Ges c‡i miKvwi Z_¨ I cÖPvi wefv‡M D”Pc‡` †hvM`vb K‡ib| K‡j‡R covi mgq wZwb iPbv

K‡ib weL¨vZ ÔKeiÕ KweZv Ges GB KweZv Zuvi QvÎRxe‡bB g¨vwUªK cixÿvi evsjv cvV¨ZvwjKvq Aš Ífz©³ nq|

RmxgD`&`x‡bi KweZvq evsjvi gvV, NvU, b`x-bvjv, evjyPi, Pvlxi KzwUi, dzj-cvwL, MÖv‡gi mvaviY gvbyl I Zv‡`i

myL-`yt‡Li wPÎ Rxeš Í n‡q D‡V‡Q| †mRb¨ Zuv‡K ejv nq ÔcwjøKweÕ| wZwb Mvb, bvUK I M`¨iPbv‡ZI Ae`vb

†i‡L‡Qb| 1969 mv‡j iex›`ªfviZx wek¦we`¨vjq Zuv‡K wWwjU Dcvwa cÖ`vb K‡i| GQvov mvwnZ¨-mvabvi

¯xK…wZ¯iƒc wZwb evsjv GKv‡Wwg cyi¯‹vi I GKz‡k c`Kmn wewfbœ cyi¯‹v‡i f~wlZ nb| 1976 mv‡ji 14 gvP© wZwb

g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib|

Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ iPbv :

Kve¨MÖš’ : ivLvjx, bKmx Kuv_vi gvV, evjyPi, †mvRb evw`qvi NvU, GK cqmvi euvkx;

Dcb¨vm : †evevKvwnbx;

M`¨iPbv : P‡j gymvwdi, evOvwji nvwmi Mí, Rxeb K_v, nj‡` cwii †`‡k|

cwjøKwe RmxgD`&&`x‡bi ÔivLvjxÕ Kve¨MÖš’ †_‡K ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvwU msKjb Kiv n‡q‡Q| KweZvwU‡Z cwjøi Av_©-

mvgvwRK KiæY Ae¯’vi cvkvcvwk gv‡qi † œnv`ª©Zvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b mšÍv‡bi cÖwZ gv‡qi AK…wÎg

fv‡jvevmv, gyg~l©y mšÍvb‡K wN‡i gvZ…ü`‡qi AvKzwZ Kwe Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb|

mvaviY D‡Ïk¨

RmxgD &`x‡bi ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZv c‡o Avcwb Ñ

MÖvg-evsjvi `wi`ª gvby‡li RxebwPÎ A¼b Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

mšÍv‡bi cÖwZ gv‡qi fv‡jvevmvi ¯iƒc we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

cwjøevj‡Ki Avkv-AvKv•ÿv I myL-`yt‡Li weeiY w`‡Z cvi‡eb;

MÖvg-evsjvi wbcyY Dc ’vcbvq RmxgD`&`x‡bi K…wZ‡Z¡i cwiPq w`‡Z cvi‡eb|

f~wgKv

Kwe-cwiwPwZ

Page 43: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ161

cvVwfwËK D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

MÖv‡gi Mwie gv‡qi gyg~l©y mšÍv‡bi Ae ’v eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

†meviZ gv‡qi D‡Ø‡Mi aib we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

ivZ _g _g Íä wbSzg, †NviцNviÑAvÜvi,

wbk¦vm †dwj ZvI †kvbv hvq bvB †Kv_v mvov Kvi|

iæM&b †Q‡ji wkq‡i ewmqv G‡Kjv RvwM‡Q gvZv,

KiæY Pvnwb Nyg Nyg †hb Xywj‡Q †Pv‡Li cvZv|

wkq‡ii Kv‡Q wbey wbey `xc Nywiqv Nywiqv R¡‡j,

Zvwi mv‡_ mv‡_ weinx gv‡qi G‡Kjv civY †`v‡j|

fb fb fb RgvU †eu‡a‡Q ey‡bv gk‡Ki Mvb

G‡`v †Wvev n‡Z ewn‡Q K‡Vvi cPvb cvZvi NÖvY|

†QvU Kzu‡oNi, †eovi duv‡K‡Z Avwm‡Q kx‡Zi evqy,

wkq‡i ewmqv g‡b g‡b gvZv MwY‡Q †Q‡ji Avqy|

†Q‡j Kq, Ôgv‡i, KZ ivZ Av‡Q, KLb mKvj n‡e,

fv‡jv †h jv‡M bv, Ggwb Kwiqv †Kev ï‡q _v‡K K‡e|Õ

gv Kq, ÔevQv‡i ! PzcwU Kwiqv Ny‡gvZ GKwU eviÕ,

†Q‡j †i‡M Kq, ÔNyg †h Av‡m bv wK Kwie Avwg Zvi|Õ

cvÐ yi Mv‡j Pz‡gv Lvq gvZv| mviv Mv‡q †`q nvZ,

cv‡i hw` ey‡K hZ †mœn Av‡Q †X‡j †`q Zvwi mv_|

bvgv‡Ri N‡i †gvgevwZ gv‡b, `iMvq gv‡b `vb,

†Q‡j‡i Zvnvi fv‡jv K‡i `vI Kvu‡` Rbbxi cÖvY|

fv‡jv K‡i `vI Avjøv imyj fv‡jv K‡i `vI cxi,

Kwn‡Z Kwn‡Z gyLLvwb fv‡m ewnqv bqb bxi !

euvk e‡b ewm Wv‡K Kvbv Kz‡qv, iv‡Zi Auvavi †Vwj,

ev`yo cvLvi evZv‡m‡Z c‡o mycvwii eb †nwj|

P‡j ey‡bv c‡_ †RvbvwK †g‡qiv Kzqvkv Kvdb awi,

`yt QvB! wKev k¼vq gvi civY DwV‡Q fwi|

†h K_v fvwe‡Z civY wkn‡i ZvB fv‡m wnqv †Kv‡Y,

evjvB evjvB, fv‡jv n‡e hv`y g‡b g‡b Rvj †ev‡b|

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

AvÜviÑ AÜKvi| KvbvKz‡qvÑ GK cÖKv‡ii cvwL| MwY‡QÑ Mbbv Ki‡Q| wbSzgÑ m¤ú~Y© bxie| civbÑ cÖvY| gkKÑ

gkv| iæM&YÑ cxwoZ; Amy ’| k¼vqÑ Avk¼vq; fxwZ‡Z| wkq‡iÑ kqbKvixi gv_vi w`‡K| mvovÑ kã| wnqvÑ ü`q;

gb|

cvV-1

g~jcvV

Page 44: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ162 SSC-1651

mvims‡ÿc :

_g_‡g wbSzg Auvavi ivZ| Muv‡qi GK †QvÆ Kzu‡oN‡i gv iæM&Y mšÍv‡bi †mevq ivZ RvM‡Qb| †Q‡jwU Nygv‡Z cvi‡Q

bv| K¬vwšÍi ivZ Avi KvU‡Q PvB‡Q bv| gvI †R‡M Av‡Qb Mfxi D‡ØM wb‡q| cig ggZvq nvZ eywj‡q w`‡”Qb

†Q‡ji Mv‡q| †Q‡ji †ivMgyw³i Rb¨ `iMvq-gmwR‡` `v‡bi wbqZ Ki‡Qb| evB‡i kxZiv‡Zi cÖwZK~j cÖK…wZ|

KzqvkvXvKv †RvbvwK, ev`y‡oi AvIqvR, ivZRvMv cvwLi WvK| ARvbv Avk¼vq gv‡qi gb wknwiZ nq|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq KqwU cvwLi bvg cvIqv hvq?

K. wZbwU L. `yBwU M. PviwU N. cuvPwU

2. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq gv‡qi †Kvb e¨_©Zv cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?

K. † œ‡ni L. †mevi M. A‡_©i N. kvm‡bi

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

ÔGB †h gv‡qi †Kvj, fq Kx‡i evc

e‡ÿ Zv‡i Pvwc awi Zvi R¡iZvc|Õ

3. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ m½wZc~Y© ÔcwjøRbbxÕi PiYwU njÑ

i. ev`yo cvLvi evZv‡m‡Z c‡o mycvwii eb †nwj|

ii. KiæY Pvnwb Nyg Nyg †hb Xzwj‡Q †Pv‡Li cvZv|

iii. cvÐzi Mv‡j Pz‡gv Lvq gvZv| mviv Mv‡q nvZ

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. i, ii I iii

4. DÏxcK I ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq dz‡U IVv w`KwU njÑ

i. ¯Rb nviv‡bvi Avk¼v ii. wcÖqR‡bi g½jvKv•ÿv iii. AcZ¨ †¯œ‡ni Awbevh© cÖKvk

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. ii I iii N. i, ii I ii

cvVwfwËK D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

Mwie cwjøevj‡Ki ¯cœ I Avb‡›`i eY©bv wjL‡Z cvi‡eb;

`wi ª cwjøRbbxi gvZ…‡¯œ‡ni ¯iƒc e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

†Q‡j Kq, Ôgv‡Mv, cv‡q cwo ej fv‡jv hw` nB Kvj,

Kwi‡gi mv‡_ †Lwjev‡i †M‡j w`‡e bvZ Zzwg Mvj|

Av”Qv gv e‡jv, Ggb nq bv iwng PvPvi Svov,

GLwb Avgv‡i GZ †ivM n‡Z Kwi‡Z cv‡iZ Lvov ?Õ

gv †Kej ewm iæM&b †Q‡ji gyL cv‡b AuvwL †g‡j,

fvmv fvmv Zvi hZ K_v †hb mviv cÖvY w`‡q †M‡j|

Ô†kvb gv, Avgvi jvUvB wKš Íy ivwLI hZb K‡i,

ivwLI Xu¨v‡ci †gvqv †eu‡a Zzwg mvZ-bwi wmKv f‡i|

cvV-2

g~jcvV

Page 45: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ163

†LRy‡i ¸‡oi bqv cvUvwj‡Z ûo–‡gi †Kvjv f‡i|

dzjSzwi wmKv mvRvBqv †i‡Lv Avgvi mgyL c‡i|Õ

†Q‡j Pzc K‡i, gvI ax‡i ax‡i gv_vq eyjvq nvZ,

evwn‡i‡Z bv‡P †RvbvwK Av‡jvq _g _g Kvj ivZ|

iæM&Y †Q‡ji wkq‡i ewmqv KZ K_v c‡o g‡b,

†Kvb w`b †m †h gv‡q‡i bv e‡j wMqvwQj `~i e‡b|

muvS n‡q †Mj Zey Av‡m bv‡Kv, AvB PvB gvi cÖvY,

nVvr ïwbj Avwm‡Z‡Q †Q‡j n‡l© Kwiqv Mvb|

GK †KvuP fiv †e_yj Zvnvi Svgyi Szgyi ev‡R,

I‡i gyL‡cvov †Kv_v wMqvwQwj Ggwb G Kvwj muv‡S|

KZ K_v AvR g‡b c‡o Zvi, Mix‡ei Ni Zvi,

†QvULvU KZ evqbv †Q‡ji cv‡i bvB wgUvevi|

Avo‡Oi w`‡b cyZzj wKwb‡Z cqmv †Rv‡Uwb ZvB,

e‡j‡Q Avgiv, †gvmjgv‡bi AvoO †`wL‡Z bvB|

Kwig †h †Mj ? AvwRR Pwjj ? Ggwb cÖkœ gvjv,

DËi w`‡Z `ywLbx gv‡qi wظY evwoZ R¡vjv|

AvRI †iv‡M Zvi c_¨ †Rv‡Uwb, Ilya nqwb Avbv,

S‡o Kuv‡c †hb bx‡oi cvwLwU Rov‡q gv‡qi Wvbv|

N‡ii Pv‡j‡Z ûZzg WvwK‡Q, AKj¨vY G myi,

gi‡Yi `~Z G‡jv eywS nvq nuv‡K gvq, `~iÑ`~i|

cPv †Wvev n‡Z weiwnYx WvK WvwK‡Z‡Q SzwiÕ SzwiÕ,

K…lvY †Q‡jiv Kvj‡K Zvnvi ev”Pv K‡i‡Q Pzwi|

†d‡i fb& fb& gkv `‡j `‡j, ey‡ov cvZv S‡i e‡b,

†duvUvq †duvUvq cvZv-†Puvqv Rj Swi‡Q Zvnvi m‡b|

iæM&Y †Q‡ji wkq‡i ewmqv G‡Kjv RvwM‡Q gvZv,

m¤§y‡L Zvi †Nvi KzÀwU gnvKvj ivZ cvZv|

cv‡k¦© R¡wjqv gvwUi cÖ`xc evZv‡m Rgvq †Lj;

Auvav‡ii mv‡_ hywSqv Zvnvi dziv‡q G‡m‡Q †Zj|

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

Avo‡Oi w`‡bÑ AvoO n‡jv nvU ev evRvi ev †gjv| Avo‡Oi w`‡b gv‡b n‡jv †gjvi w`‡b ev nv‡Ui w`‡b ev

evRv‡ii w`‡b| †PuvqvÑ we›`y ev †duvUv †duvUv K‡i cov| `~ZÑ msev` enbKvix; evZ©ven| bq‡bi bxiÑ †Pv‡Li cvwb|

bvgv‡Ri N‡i †gvgevwZ gv‡bÑ bvgv‡Ri Ni n‡jv gmwR`, †gvgevwZ gv‡b A_© n‡jv †gvgevwZ †`Iqvi gvbZ Kiv|

†Kv‡bv AmyL-wemyL ev wec`-Avc` n‡j G †`‡ki gvbyl Zv †_‡K D×vi cvIqvi AwfcÖv‡q GK ai‡bi gvbZ K‡i|

Ôbvgv‡Ri N‡i †gvgevwZ gv‡bÕ A_© n‡jv gmwR‡` †gvgevwZ †`Iqvi cÖwZÁv ev gvbZ Kiv| cPvbÑ c‡P †M‡Q

Ggb| c_¨Ñ †ivwMi Rb¨ Dchy³ Avnvh©| evqbvÑ Ave`vi| weiwnYxÑ wei‡n KvZi bvix| gnvKvjÑ fvexKvj;

AbšÍKvj| hZbÑ hZœ| iwng PvPvi SvovÑ Avgv‡`i †`‡k †ivM-evjvB †_‡K gyw³ jv‡fi Rb¨ cvwb cov, Svo-

†dv‡Ki cÖPjb Av‡Q| bvbv ai‡bi Amy‡L A‡b‡K cvwb c‡o Zv †ivwM‡K †L‡Z †`q, †ivM †_‡K gyw³ jv‡fi

D‡Ï‡k| Ôiwng PvPvi SvovÕ gv‡b n‡jv iwng PvPvi †mB iKg GKwU wPwKrmv c×wZ, hv‡Z Ôiwng PvPvÕ †ivwM

†Q‡jwU‡K duz w`‡q my ’ K‡i Zzj‡e| jvUvBÑ bvUvB; hv‡Z Nywoi myZv Rov‡bv _v‡K| mgyLÑ mvg‡b| n‡l©Ñ Avb‡›`|

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KweZvÑ164 SSC-1651

mvims‡ÿc :

fv‡jv n‡q ciw`bB †Lj‡Z hv‡e Ñ gv‡qi Kv‡Q G Ave`vi Rvbvq †Q‡jwU| Zvi †iv‡M Jla-c‡_¨i e¨e ’v nqwb|

†m Avkv K‡i, iwng PvPvi Svo-duy‡K †m my ’ n‡q DV‡e| MÖv‡gi `yišÍ wK‡kvi †m| ˆn-û‡jøv‡o KvUZ Zvi

mvivw`b| Amy ’ †Q‡ji †mB PÂjZvi my‡hvM †bB| cy‡Îi wkq‡i e‡m wegl© gv †mme K_vB ¯§iY K‡ib|

`vwi‡`ª¨i Kvi‡Y †Q‡ji A‡bK PvIqv wZwb c~iY Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb| Avi GLb †Zv webv wPwKrmvq †m gi‡Z

e‡m‡Q| iv‡Zi cÖK…wZ gv‡qi g‡bi k¼v evwo‡q †`q kZ¸Y| cv‡k ivLv gvwUi cÖ`x‡ci †Zj dzwi‡q G‡m‡Q|

wbiæcvq gvI †hb †Q‡ji g„Zz¨i cÖni ¸b‡Q|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb

5. AKj¨v‡Yi my‡i †K Wv‡K?

K. û‡Zvg L. kvwjK M. †RvbvwK N. KvK

6. ÔI‡i gyL‡cvov †Kv_v wM‡qwQwj Ggwb G Kvwj muv‡S?Õ GLv‡b ÔgyL‡cvovÕ ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡QÑ

K. wg·K L. nbygvb‡K

M. kÎæ‡K N. †Q‡j‡K

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

wK‡kvi eyav †Ljvi Q‡j KvKZvo–qv mv‡R| we‡Kj Mwo‡q mܨv n‡q †M‡jI Zvi evwo †divi †Kv‡bv bvg _v‡K

bv| Gw`‡K gv Aaxi n‡q c_ †P‡q _v‡Kb| GKmgq †`Lv hvq eyav Zvi eÜzi m‡½ Mvb MvB‡Z MvB‡Z evwo

wdi‡Q|

7. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ wgj i‡q‡Q wb‡¤œi †h PiYwUiÑ

i. evjvB evjvB, fv‡jv n‡e hv`y g‡b g‡b Rvj †ev‡b|

ii. ivwLI Xu¨v‡ci †gvqv †eu‡a Zzwg mvZ-bwi wmKv f‡i|

iii. nVvr ïwbj Avwm‡Z‡Q †Q‡j n‡l© Kwiqv Mvb|

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. i, ii I iii

8. DÏxcK I ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq †h welqwU Awfe¨³ n‡q‡QÑ

K. †Q‡ji eLv‡Ucbv L. †Q‡ji `yišÍcbv M. †Q‡ji Aeva¨ nIqv N. †Q‡ji PvjvwK

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

9. ÔKvbvKz‡qvÕ †Kv_vq _v‡K?

K. eUMv‡Q L. euvke‡b M. my›`ie‡b N. ZvjMv‡Q

10. ÔmvZ-bwiÕ ej‡Z hv †evSv‡bv n‡q‡QÑ

K. gvwUi Nov L. Nov ivLvi wmKv M. gvwUi nuvwo N. nuvwo ivLvi wmKv

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 11 I 12 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

ÔZzB Avgvi †Q‡j,ZzB Avgvi †g‡q,ZzB Avgvi me|Õ ewj‡Z ewj‡Z †m †Q‡j‡K G‡Kev‡i ey‡K Pvwcqv awij|

11. DÏxc‡K ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi †h welqwU cÖKvk †c‡q‡QÑ

K. Aby‡hvM L. AmnvqZ¡ M. gvZ…‡¯œn N. AvKzwZ

12. DÏxc‡K dz‡U IVv w`KwU wb‡Pi †h Pi‡Y we`¨gvbÑ

i. cvÐzi Mv‡j Pz‡gv Lvq gvZv| mviv Mv‡q †`q nvZ

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SSC-1651 KweZvÑ165

ii. fv‡jv K‡i `vI Avjv ivmyj fv‡jv K‡i `vI cxi

iii. wkq‡i ewmqv g‡b g‡b gvZv MwY‡Q †Q‡ji Avqy

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. i I ii

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-1 :

kg‡mi †PŠayix †`‡ki GKRb wewkó wkícwZ| wKš‘ Zvi gb fv‡jv †bB| Zvi GKgvÎ †Q‡j Avwei `xN©w`b a‡i

Amy ’| †`‡ki bvgKiv Wv³vi w`‡q wZwb †Q‡ji wPwKrmv Kwi‡q‡Qb| †`k-we‡`‡ki A‡bK Nv‡Ui c_¨ msMÖn

K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ wKQz‡ZB wKQz nqwb| †Q‡ji Rb¨ wZwb bvgv‡Ri N‡i †gvgevwZ gvbZ K‡i‡Qb, `iMvq K‡i‡Qb `vb|

gnvb m„wóKZ©vi wbKU wZwb †Q‡ji Rb¨ cÖv_©bv K‡i‡Qb| imyj‡K ¯§iY I wc‡ii wbKU †`vqv Kvgbv K‡i‡Qb|

K. Rmxg D`&`xb evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ †Kvb avivi Kwe wn‡m‡e L¨vZ?

L. gv ivwÎ Rv‡M †Kb?

M. DÏxcKwU ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi m‡½ †Kvb w`K †_‡K mv`„k¨c~Y©? ÑAv‡jvPbv Kiyb|

N. ÒDÏxcK I ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq wg‡ji †P‡q AwgjwUB †ewk cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|Ó ÑDˇii mc‡ÿ hyw³

cÖ`k©b Kiyb|

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-2

cÖYwgqv cvUzbx Kwn‡Q †Rvonv‡Z|

Avgvi mšÍvb †hb _v‡K `y‡afv‡Z\

Z_v¯‘ ewjqv †`ex w`jv ei`vb|

`y‡afv‡Z _vwK‡eK †Zvgvi mšÍvb\

K. Ôû‡ovgÕ Kx?

L. Ôiwng PvPvi SvovÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?

M. †Kvb w`K †_‡K DÏxcKwU ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi m‡½ m`„k wKsev wem`„k? ÑAv‡jvPbv Kiyb|

N. ÒAK…wÎg ggZ¡‡evaB DÏxcK I ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi welqe ‘|Ó Ñwe‡kølY Ki yb|

bgybv DËi : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-1

K. Rmxg D`&`xb evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ ÔcwjøKweÕ wnmv‡e L¨vZ|

L. mšÍv‡bi Amy ’Zvi Kvi‡Y gv Zvi wkq‡i e‡m Av‡Qb|

Ôcwj øRbbxÕ KweZvq †Q‡jwU `xN©w`b a‡i iæM&Y| mšÍv‡bi Amy ’Zvq gv‡qi gb ¯vfvweKfv‡e fv‡jv _v‡K bv|

wZwb g‡bvK‡ó †fv‡Mb| †Q‡ji Nyg Avm‡Q bv e‡j wZwb †Q‡j‡K N yg cov‡bvi †Póv K‡ib| †Q‡ji cÖwZ

ggZ¡‡ev‡ai Kvi‡Y gv ivZ †R‡M iæM&Y †Q‡ji wkq‡i e‡m Av‡Qb|

M. DÏxcK I ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZv DfqwU‡ZB mšÍvb nviv‡bvi Avk¼v dz‡U D‡V‡Q| Gw`K †_‡K DÏxcKwUi m‡½

ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi mv „k¨ i‡q‡Q|

wcZv-gvZvB RM‡Z mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ me‡P‡q †ewk ggZ¡‡eva †cvlY K‡ib| Zviv KL‡bvB mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ Ag½j

Kvgbv K‡ib bv| mšÍv‡bi †ivM-‡kvK-`ytL-‡e`bvq Zviv me mgq Aw ’i _v‡Kb| mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ ARvbv Avk¼vq

Zv‡`i gb †Ku‡c D‡V| mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ wcZv-gvZv GK wPi Kj¨v‡Yi AvkÖq|

ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq Kwe GK `wi ª Rbbxi Rxe‡bi `„k¨cU Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| GB gv `wi ª| wKš‘ †Q‡ji Rb¨ Zvi

Adzivb fv‡jvevmv| wZwb Zvi iæM&Y †Q‡ji wkq‡i e‡m iv‡Zi ci ivZ KvwU‡q w`‡”Qb| cig ggZvq nvZ

eywj‡q w`‡”Qb †Q‡ji Mv‡j, gy‡L| †Q‡ji Rb¨ `iMvq gvbZ Ki‡Qb| Avevi ARvbv Avk¼vq †Q‡ji Rb¨ gb

¸g‡i †Ku‡` DV‡Q| DÏxc‡KI Avgiv GiKg GK mšÍvbermj wcZvi cwiPq cvB| wZwb kg‡mi †PŠayix|

mšÍv‡bi wPwKrmvi Rb¨ wZwb †`k-we‡`‡k Ny‡i‡Qb| wewfbœ RvqMv †_‡K IlyacÎ msMÖn K‡i‡Qb| mšÍv‡bi

Page 48: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ166 SSC-1651

my ’Zv Kvgbvq Zv‡K bvgv‡Ri N‡i †gvgevwZ GgbwK `iMvq ch©šÍ `vb Ki‡Z †`Lv hvq| Dciš‘ wZwb wbqZ

Avjøvni imyj‡K ¯§iY Ges wc‡ii wbKU †`vqv Kvgbv K‡i‡Qb| Gfv‡e †`Lv hvq ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi gv‡qi

AvwZ© DÏxc‡Ki kg‡mi †PŠayixi †e`bviƒ‡c cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|

N. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi wg‡ji †P‡q AwgjB †ewk †`Lv hvq|

mšÍv‡bi wbKU gv‡qi † œn AZzj m¤ú`| mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ wcZv-gvZvi gb me mgq e¨vKzj _v‡K| we‡kl K‡i

mšÍvb Amy ’ _vK‡j gv‡qi gb ¯^vfvweK _v‡K bv| mšÍv‡bi myL-`yt‡Li m‡½ †hb gv‡qi myL-`ytL wg‡k _v‡K|

†Kbbv mšÍv‡bi Abyf‡ei m‡½ gv‡qi Abyf‡ei GKwU wbweo †hvMm~Î _v‡K| ZvB mšÍv‡bi Ag½j Avk¼vq gv

memgq wPwšÍZ _v‡Kb|

DÏxc‡K kg‡mi †PŠayixi †Q‡j nviv‡bvi Avk¼v cÖKvwkZ n‡h‡Q| wKš‘ DÏxc‡K cwjø gv‡qi g‡Zv Rxe‡bi

mvgwMÖK cwiPq †bB| kg‡mi †PŠayix GKRb wkícwZ| `vwi‡`ª¨i KkvNvZ Zvi Rxe‡b †bB| †Q‡ji Rb¨ †`k-

we‡`‡ki wPwKrmK wZwb Aejxjvq WvK‡Z †c‡i‡Qb| wewfbœ RvqMv †_‡K †Q‡ji Rb¨ Ilya-cÎ msMÖn

K‡i‡Qb| wZwb KL‡bv †Q‡ji wkq‡i e‡m ivZ Rv‡Mbwb| `vwi`ª Kx wRwbm †m m¤ú‡K© Zvi †Q‡ji †Kv‡bv

aviYv †bB| Aek¨ †Q‡ji Rb¨ wZwb `iMvq gvbZ K‡i‡Qb, imy‡ji ¯§iY wb‡q‡Qb| wc‡ii †`vqvI cÖv_©bv

K‡i‡Qb| Aciw`‡K ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq `vwi`ª wK¬ó GK cwjø gv‡qi Rxe‡bi eY©bv i‡q‡Q| wZwb ivZ †R‡M

†ivMvµvšÍ mšÍv‡bi wkq‡i e‡m _v‡Kb| Zvi Kuy‡oN‡ii †eovi duvK w`‡q kx‡Zi evZvm Aev‡a cÖ‡ek K‡i|

†iv‡M Zvi †Q‡ji c_¨ †Rv‡U bv| kx‡Zi `yišÍ iv‡Z KvbvKz‡qv cvwLi Wv‡K gv‡qi k¼v †e‡o hvq|

DÏxcK I ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq wgj i‡q‡Q gv I kg‡mi †PŠayixi †Q‡j nviv‡bvi Avk¼vq| mšÍv‡bi cÖwZ cÖej

ggZ¡‡ev‡ai †ÿ‡Î| wKš‘ Rxeb cwiPh©vq `yR‡bi we Íi e¨eavb| G e¨eavb Av_©-mvgvwRK mKj wel‡qB

i‡q‡Q| ZvB ejv hvq, ÔDÏxcK I ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq wg‡ji †P‡q AwgjB †ewk cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|Õ ÑgšÍe¨wU

h_v_© I cÖvmw½K n‡q‡Q|

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-2 Gi bgybv DËi :

K. Ôû‡ovgÕ k‡ãi A_© gywo A_ev gywoi gZ fvRv wPov|

L. Ôiwng PvPvi SvovÕ GKwU MÖvgxY wPwKrmv c×wZ|

Avgv‡`i †`‡k MÖvgxY mgv‡R †ivM-evjvB †_‡K gyw³i D‡Ï‡k¨ cvwb cov Ges Svo-duy‡Ki cÖPjb i‡q‡Q| GB

c×wZ‡Z hviv wPwKrmv K‡ib Zviv bvbv ai‡bi Amy‡L †ivM †_‡K gyw³ jv‡fi Rb¨ cvwb c‡o †ivwM‡K †L‡Z

†`q| KL‡bv KL‡bv †ivwM‡K duy-I w`‡q _v‡K| Ôiwng PvPvi SvovÕ ej‡Z GLv‡b †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q iwng PvPvi

†mB iKg GKwU wPwKrmv c×wZ hvi mvnv‡h¨ wZwb †ivwM †Q‡jwU‡K duy w`‡q my ’ K‡i Zzj‡eb|

M. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq ewY©Z cøUwU cvw_©e Rxe‡bi, ev Íe Rxe‡bi i³-gvs‡mi gvbyl Gi Kzkxje| DÏxc‡Ki

Pwi‡Îi GKwU Ask Acvw_©e, Gi cÖavb PwiÎwU Hk¦wiK| GLv‡bB DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi wem`„k

fve n‡q‡Q|

mšÍv‡bi cÖwZ AcZ¨‡ œ‡n evOvwj Rbbx ZzjbviwnZ| gv wbR Rxe‡bi †P‡q Zvi mšÍvb‡K †ewk fv‡jvev‡mb|

mšÍv‡bi my›`i RxebB Zvi Rxe‡b cig AvKvw•ÿZ| mšÍv‡bi wec`-Avc‡` Zvi gb Aw ’i n‡q D‡V| gv

mšÍv‡bi gv_vi Dci cig ggZvgq Qvqv| hyM hyM a‡i Avgv‡`i ms¯‹…wZ‡Z gv‡qi GB † œngq iƒcwUB cÖvavb¨

jvf K‡i‡Q|

ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq GK † œngqx gv‡qi Rxeb wPÎ dz‡U D‡V‡Q| wZwb ivZ †R‡M cy‡Îi wkq‡i e‡m _v‡Kb|

†QvU Kzu‡oN‡i kx‡Zi kxZj evqy †_‡K cy·K AvM‡j iv‡Lb| cy‡Îi my ’Zv Kvgbvq bvgv‡Ri N‡i †gvgevwZ

gv‡bb, `iMvq `vb-LqivZ K‡ib| cy‡Îi Ag½j Avk¼vq Zvi AšÍivZ¥v †Ku‡c D‡V| DÏxc‡KI Avgiv †`wL

cvUzbxi mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ AcZ¨ † œ‡ni cÖKvk N‡U‡Q| DÏxc‡K †`ex cvUzbx‡K ei w`‡Z PvB‡jI †m wb‡Ri Rb¨

wKQz Pvq bv| Zvi Rxe‡bi PvIqv n‡jv mšÍv‡bi GKwU cÖkvwšÍgq mg„× fwel¨r| DÏxcK I ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvwU

Page 49: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ167

ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j †`Lv hvq ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi gv‡qi PvIqv ev¯Íe Rxeb‡Kw›`ªK Avi DÏxc‡K i‡q‡Q

A‡jŠwK‡Ki e¨Äbv| ZvB ejv hvq, DÏxcK I ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi †cÖÿY we›`y‡Z wem`„k fve i‡q‡Q|

N. DÏxcK I ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq Acvi ggZ¡‡evaB cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|

mšÍv‡bi g½j Kvgbv evOvwj Rbbxi wPi PvIqv| Zvi Rxeb AvewZ©Z nq mšÍvb‡K wN‡i| mšÍv‡bi my‡Li Rb¨ gv

Zvi wb‡Ri myL‡K wemR©b †`b| Rxe‡bi mg Í wec`-Avc` †_‡K gv Zvi mšÍvb‡K AvM‡j iv‡Lb| e ‘Z gv

mšÍv‡bi myL-`ytL,Avb›`-†e`bvi m‡½ GKvZ¥ n‡q D‡Vb| evOvwj bvixi G wPiKvjxb iƒcwUB wPi cÖengvb|

ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq Avgiv mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ cÖej gvZ…Z¡‡eva dz‡U DV‡Z †`wL| GKRb gv Amy ’ †Q‡ji wkq‡i

e‡m Zvi †mev Ki‡Q| wZwb e‡m e‡m Zvi ˆkk‡ei K_v ¯§iY Ki‡Qb| †Q‡ji Zz”Q Ave`vi¸‡jv c~iY Ki‡Z

bv cvivi e¨_©Zv Zv‡K KvZi Zz‡j‡Q| mšÍv‡bi g½j Kvgbvq Zvi †PvL w`‡q AkÖæi aviv eB‡Q| wZwb †Q‡ji

my ’Zv Kvgbvq bvgv‡Ri N‡i †gvgevwZ gvbZ K‡i‡Qb, Avi `iMvq K‡i‡Qb `vb| GZ wKQzi ciI mšÍv‡bi

AKj¨vY Avk¼vq AvZw¼Z n‡q‡Qb| DÏxc‡KI †`wL mšÍv‡bi g½j Kvgbvq GKwU ¯M©xq evZveiY| †`ex

cvUzbx‡K ei PvB‡Z ej‡j †m wb‡Ri Rb¨ wKQzB Pvq bv| †m †P‡q‡Q Zvi mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ cÖkvwšÍgq Rxeb I mg„×

fwel¨r| DÏxc‡Ki cvUzbx PwiÎwU mšÍvb † œ‡ni Pig civKvôv †`wL‡q‡Q|

Avgv‡`i mgvR Rxe‡b gv wn‡m‡e GKRb bvixi AK…wÎg † œn I cig ggZ¡‡eva cÖKvwkZ nq Zvi mšÍvb‡K

AveZ©b K‡i| ejv hvq, ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZv I DÏxcK DfqwU‡Z welqwU AbyiwYZ n‡q‡Q|

A¨vmvBb‡g›U : wb‡R Kiæb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

Awb›`¨ Rxe‡b AvR cÖ_g fvZ iuva‡Z †Mj| †m bv cvij gvo Mvj‡Z, bv cvij fv‡jv K‡i fvZ evo‡Z| gv GKevi

wb‡R DVevi †Póv Ki‡jb wKš‘ gv_v †mvRv Ki‡Z cvi‡jb bv, weQvbvq Mwo‡q c‡o †M‡jb| Ae‡k‡l gvZv-cy‡Îi

GKiKg fvZ LvIqv nj| gv cy·K ivbœvi wbqg †kLv‡Z wM‡q †_‡g †M‡jb| cy‡Îi w`‡K ZvwK‡q Zvi †PvL w`‡q

†Kej A‡Svi avivq AkÖæ eB‡Z jvMj|

K. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq N‡ii Pv‡j †Kvb cvwL Wv‡K?

L. ÔAvRI †iv‡M Zvi c_¨ †Rv‡UwbÕ ÑDw³wU eywS‡q ejyb|

M. DÏxcKwU ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwUi m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y©? ÑAv‡jvPbv Kiyb|

N. ÒDÏxcK GesÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZv Dfq‡ÿ‡ÎB AcZ¨ gvZ…‡¯œn cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|Ó Ñwe‡kølY Ki yb|

DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. M 2. M 3. M 4. M 5. K 6. N 7. M 8. L 9. L 10. N 11. M 12. K

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vj‡qi I‡cb ¯‹zj cwiPvwjZ GmGmwm †cÖvMÖv‡gi wkÿv_x©eÜz‡`i Rb¨

evsjv wel‡qi AwWI/wfwWI †cÖvMÖvg¸‡jv eZ©gv‡b wewUwf/esjv‡`k †eZvi KZ…©K mßv‡ni wbw`©ó

w`‡bi wbw`©ó mg‡q cÖPvwiZ n‡q Avm‡Q|

wkÿv_x©eÜziv, Avcbviv ÷vwW †m›Uvi †_‡K †cÖvMÖvg wmwWDj msMÖn K‡i wbw`©ó w`‡bi wbw`©ó

mg‡q cÖPvwiZ †cÖvMÖvgwU †`L‡j DcK…Z n‡eb e‡j Avkv KiwQ| AwWI/wfwWI †cÖvMÖvg¸‡jv

†evSvi myweav‡_© eBwU mvg‡b wb‡q emyb Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq welq¸wj †bvU Kivi Rb¨ KvMR, Kjg

mv‡_ ivLyb| †Kv‡bv welq eyS‡Z Amyweav n‡j cÖ‡qvR‡b Avcbvi wUDU‡ii mnvqZv wbb|

AwWI/wfwWI

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KweZvÑ168 SSC-1651

e„wó

diiyL Avng`

diiæL Avng` 1918 mv‡ji 10 Ryb gv¸iv †Rjvi gvSAvBj MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi wcZv ˆmq` nv‡Zg Avjx

I gv iIkb AvLZvi| 1937 mv‡j wZwb Lyjbv †Rjv ¯‹zj †_‡K g¨vwUªKz‡jkb I 1939 mv‡j KjKvZvi wicb K‡jR

†_‡K AvBG cvm K‡ib| wZwb wKQyKvj ¯‹wUk PvP© K‡j‡R `k©‡b Ges †m›Ucj K‡j‡R Bs‡iwR‡Z Abvm© c‡ob|

wKš‘ cixÿv bv w`‡qB Kg©Rxe‡b cÖ‡ek K‡ib| Kg©Rxe‡b 1947 †_‡K 1972 ch©š Í XvKv †eZvi †K‡›`ªi ÷vd

ivBUvi wQ‡jb| Gi Av‡M wZwb wewfbœ PvKwi‡Z wb‡qvwRZ wQ‡jb| mvwnZ¨ mvabvi ga¨ w`‡q gymwjg cybR©vMi‡Y

wZwb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡ib| Zuvi KweZvq evsjvi AatcwZZ gymwjg mgv‡Ri cybR©vMi‡Yi Aby‡cÖiYv cÖKvk

†c‡q‡Q| GRb¨ Zuv‡K Ôgymwjg †i‡bmuvi KweÕ ejv nq| Bmjv‡gi Av`k© Zuvi Kve¨m„wói g~j †cÖiYv| Kve¨PP©vi

ˆewPΨ I Kwe-fvebvi †gŠwjK‡Z¡ Kwe diiæL Avng` mgwaK L¨vZ| wZwb Zuvi Kv‡e¨ AZ¨š Í ˆbcy‡Y¨i ms‡M Aviwe,

dviwm I D`©y k‡ãi cÖ‡qvM K‡i‡Qb| mvwnZ¨-mvabvi ¯xK…wZ¯iƒc wZwb evsjv GKv‡Wwg cyi¯‹vi I GKz‡k c`Kmn

wewfbœ cyi¯‹v‡i f~wlZ nb| 1974 mv‡ji 19 A‡±vei wZwb g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib|

Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ iPbv :

mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS, wmivRvg& gybxiv, †bŠ‡dj I nv‡Zg, gyn~‡Z©i KweZv, cvwLi evmv, nv‡ZgZvqx, bZzb

†jLv, ni‡di Qov, Qovi Avmi|

diiæL Avng` Zuvi weL¨vZ Ôe„wóÕ KweZvq e„wó m¤ú‡K© g‡bi Abyf‚wZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| e„wónxb cÖK…wZi iæÿZv Ges

gvbeg‡b Zvi cÖfve m¤ú‡K© Kwe GB KweZvq aviYv w`‡q‡Qb| cÖK…wZi w œ» †Kvgj iƒc wdwi‡q G‡b el© Kxfv‡e

cÖv‡Yi ¯ú›`b RvwM‡q †Zv‡j Zvi e¨vL¨v wZwb w`‡q‡Qb| gvby‡li AZxZ I eZ©gv‡bi bvbv Uvbvco‡b el©vgyLi w`‡bi

¸iæZ¡ Kwe Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb|

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

MÖx‡®§i iæÿZv Avi el©vi cÖvYgq †mŠ›`h© eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

gvby‡li g‡b †gN-e„wói cÖfve e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

f~wgKv

Kwe-cwiwPwZ

Page 51: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ169

e„wó G‡jv ... eû cÖZxwÿZ e„wó ! Ñ cÙv †gNbvi

`ycv‡k Avevw` MÖv‡g, e„wó G‡jv cy‡ei nvIqvq,

we`» AvKvk, gvV †X‡K †Mj KvRj Qvqvq;

we`y¨r-i~cmx cwi †g‡N †g‡N n‡q‡Q mIqvi|

w`Kw`M‡š Íi c‡_ Aci~c Avfv †`‡L Zvi

el©YgyLi w`‡b Ai‡Y¨i †Kqv wknivq,

†iŠ`ª-`» avb‡ÿZ AvR Zvi ¯úk© †c‡Z Pvq,

b`xi dvU‡j eb¨v Av‡b c~Y© cÖv‡Yi †Rvqvi|

iyM&Y e„× wfLvixi iM-IVv nv‡Zi gZb

iyÿ gvV Amgvb †kv‡b †mB el©‡Yi myi,

Z…wlZ e‡bi mv‡_ †R‡M I‡V Z…lvZß gb,

cvwo w`‡q †h‡Z Pvq eû c_, cÖvš Íi eÜzi,

†hLv‡b we¯§„Z w`b c‡o Av‡Q wbtm½ wbR©b

†mLv‡b el©vi †gN Rv‡M AvR welYœ †g yi \

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

Avevw`Ñ Pvl‡hvM¨| †KqvÑ †KZKx dzj ev ZviMvQ| Z…wlZÑ wccvmvhy³| cÖvšÍiÑ gvV; RbemwZ cÖf…wZ †bB Ggb

we Í…Z f‚wg| Z…òvZßÑ wccvmvq KvZi| cÖZxwÿZÑ cÖZxÿv Kiv n‡q‡Q ev n‡”Q Ggb| eÜziÑ AmgZj; DuPz-wbPz|

we`y¨r i~cmx cwiÑ we`y¨r PgKv‡bv‡K †jvKR aviYv Abyhvqx my›`ix cwii m‡½ Zzjbv Kiv n‡q‡Q †h †g‡N †g‡N Ny‡i

†eovq| welYœ †g`yiÑ e„wówenxb cÖK…wZi iæÿZv e„wói AvMg‡b `~ixf~Z n‡q‡Q| cÖK…wZ GLb w œ»‡Kvgj n‡q Pvwiw`K

K‡i Zz‡j‡Q cÖv‡Yv”Q¡j| we`»Ñ c°; imÁvbm¤úbœ; wbcyY| iæM&Y e„× wfLvixi ... Z…òvZß gbÑ `xN© el©Ynxb w`‡b

gvVNvU ïwK‡q †h iæÿ g~wZ© aviY K‡i‡Q Kwe Zv‡K iæM&Y e„× wfLvixi iM-IVv nv‡Zi m‡½ Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb| GLb

el©‡Yi ïiæ‡Z Z…òvKvZi gvV-NvU I e‡b †`Lv w`‡q‡Q cÖv‡Yi †Rvqvi| wknivÑ wkD‡i IVv; Kw¤úZ nIqv|

mIqviÑ Av‡ivnx|

mvims‡ÿc :

MÖx®§Kv‡j gvV-NvU †d‡U †PŠwPi n‡q hvq| n‡q I‡V e„× wfLvwii iM-IVv nv‡Zi g‡Zv| Gici Av‡m eû-

cÖZxwÿZ e„wó| AvKv‡k Kv‡jv †gN R‡g| we`y¨r PgKvq| e„wói cvwbi ci‡k Z…òvZ© MvQ¸‡jv cÖvYcÖvPz‡h© f‡i

I‡V| cÖK…wZ‡Z †`Lv †`q cÖv‡Yi †Rvqvi| gvby‡li gbI †gN-e„wói cÖfve Gov‡Z cv‡i bv| wbweo el©vi w`‡b

gvbyl ¯§„wZKvZi nq| gb Qz‡U hvq ¯§„wZi wbR©‡b; el©vi †g‡Ni g‡Zv `~i‡`‡k|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. Ôe„wóÕ KweZvq †Kvb †Kvb b`xi D‡jøL Av‡Q?

K.cÙv-†gNbv L. †gNbv-hgybv M. eªþcyÎ-evbvi N. cÙv-hgybv

2.ÔwelYœ †g`yiÕ kãwU Øviv †evSv‡bv n‡q‡QÑ

K. nZvkv L. w œ» †Kvgj M. Z…òvZ© gb N. Aemv`

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 3 I 4bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

g~jcvV

Page 52: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ170 SSC-1651

3. ÔZ…wlZ e‡bi mv‡_ †R‡M I‡V Z…lvZß gbÕ ÑG e³‡e¨i m`„k fve i‡q‡Q †Kvb evK¨wU‡Z?

i. wbwk ivBZ euvk evMvb we Íi †RvbvwK mvÿx| ii. †hLv‡b we¯§„Z w`b c‡o Av‡Q wbtm½ wbR©b|

iii. y-cv‡k Avevw` MÖv‡g, e„wó G‡jv cy‡ei nvIqvq|

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. i, ii I iii

4. DÏxcK I Ôe„wóÕ KweZvi Av‡jv‡K ejv hvq el©vi AvMg‡b gvby‡li gbÑ

K. welYœ nq L. wein KvZi nq M. ¯§„wZKvZi nq N. wei³ nq

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

5. Ô†KqvÕ †Kv_vq _v‡K?

K. Ai‡Y¨ L. we‡j M. gv‡V N. Lv‡j

6. Ôe„wóÕ KweZvq e„wó‡K ejv n‡q‡QÑ

i. KvRj Qvq ii. iƒcmx cwi iii. eû cÖZxwÿZ

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i I ii L. ii I iii M. iii N. i I iii

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

Ôev`‡ji mv‡_ wgwkqv Mwo‡Q Av‡iK KíjZv|Õ

7. DÏxc‡Ki e³‡e¨i wecixZ fve i‡q‡Q †h ev‡K¨Ñ

i. †iŠ`ª-`» avb‡ÿZ AvR Zvi ¯úk© †c‡Z Pvq

ii. b`xi dvU‡j eb¨v Av‡b c~Y© cÖv‡Yi †Rvqvi

iii. iæ² gvV Avmgvb †kv‡b †mB el©‡Yi myi|

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. ii I iii

8. Giƒc ˆecix‡Z¨i KviY n‡”QÑ

K. e„wói cÖZ¨vkv L. R‡ji cÖZ¨vkv M. eb¨vi AvMgb N. wmW‡ii ZvÐe

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

e¨vKzj †e‡M AvwR e‡n hvq,

weRjx †_‡K †_‡K PgKvq

†h K_v G Rxe‡b iwnqv †Mj g‡b

†m K_v AvwR †hb ejv hvq

Ggb Nb‡Nvi ewilvq|

K. ÔmIqviÕ A_© Kx?

L. Ôwe`» AvKvkÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?

M. DÏxc‡K Ôe„wóÕ KweZvi †h w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zv eY©bv Ki yb|

N. ÒDÏxcKwU Ôe„wóÕ KweZvi GKwU we‡kl fve‡K aviY K‡i‡Q, mgMÖZv‡K bq|Ó ÑAvcbvi gZvgZ Kx?

bgybv DËi : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K. ÔmIqviÕ k‡ãi A_© Av‡ivnx|

L. Ôwe`» AvKvkÕ ej‡Z GLv‡b MÖx‡®§i cÖPÐ Zv‡c `» AvKvk‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q| MÖx®§Kv‡j m~‡h©i cÖPÐ Zv‡c

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖK…wZ‡Z †hb Av¸b a‡i hvq| m~‡h©i cÖPÐ kvm‡b c„w_exi eyK we`xY© nq| G mgq cÖLi Zv‡c AvKvk

Z…òvq Kuv‡c| †iv‡`i myZxeª Zv‡c AvKvkUv M‡j †h‡Z Pvq| DËß m~h©Uv †hb IB AvKvkUv‡K Sjmv‡Z _v‡K|

M. Ôe„wóÕ KweZvq e„wói w`‡b ms‡e`bkxj gvby‡li gb imwm³ n‡q IVvi welqwU DÏxc‡K dz‡U D‡V‡Q|

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SSC-1651 KweZvÑ171

el©vi w`‡b cÖK…wZ‡Z e¨vcK cwieZ©b Av‡m| †m mg‡q cÖK…wZ‡Z †b‡g Av‡m cÖv‡Yi †Rvqvi| e‡bi dzj¸‡jv el©vq

wf‡R wbwg‡lB Pvicvk †gvwnZ K‡i| e„wói R‡j MvQ-cvjv, jZv-cvZv Acvi Avb‡›` wknwiZ nq| e„wói Aweij

Rjavivq cÖK…wZ‡Z †hb Q›` I myi †e‡R I‡V|

Ôe„wóÕ KweZvq el©v cÖK…wZ‡Z cÖv‡Yi RvMiY NUvq| Avi e„wóB el©vi cÖvY| e„wó‡Z e‡bi †Kqv dzj wknwiZ nq| iæ²

gvwU †hb cÖv‡Yi ¯ú›`b wd‡i cvq| cÖK…wZ w¯œ»-‡Kvgj I mRxe n‡q I‡V| G mg‡q gvby‡li gb ms‡e`bkxj n‡q

Av‡eMZvwoZ nq| Zvi g‡b c‡o myLgq AZxZ, cyi‡bv ¯§„wZ Avi fv‡jvjvMvi Avíbv Auv‡K g‡b g‡b| e„wó KL‡bv

gb‡K welYœ K‡i, Avevi KL‡bv Rxe‡b evovq wein| gb Kv‡Qi gvbyl‡K †c‡Z Pvq| DÏxc‡KI Kwei gb e„wói

†Quvqvq AvKzj n‡q I‡V| weRjx †_‡K †_‡K PgKvq| †m gb AvR wcÖqRb‡K †hb wKQz ej‡Z Pvq| Nb‡Nvi el©vq

Kwei gb Av‡eMZvwoZ nq, imwm³ nq| Ôe„wóÕ KweZvq el©YgyLi w`‡b gvby‡li †PZbvq myLgq AZxZ I wein-

†e`bvi w`KwU bvov †`q| DÏxc‡KI †`Lv hvq G w`‡b KvD‡K †hb Kv‡Q †c‡q gb wKQz ej‡Z Pvq| ZvB ejv hvq,

Ôe„wóÕ KweZvi el©vi w`‡b gvbe g‡bi ¯§„wZKvZiZv Avi wein welYœZvi welqwUB DÏxc‡K dz‡U D‡V‡Q|

N. DÏxcKwU Ôe„wóÕ KweZvi GKwU we‡kl fve‡K aviY K‡i‡Q, mgMÖZv‡K Zz‡j a‡iwb|

cÖK…wZ RM‡Z e„wó Av‡m cÖv‡Yi †Rvqvi wb‡q| e„wói d‡j b`xi yav‡i cøveb †`Lv †`q| e„wói R‡j e‡bi dzj¸‡jv

Acvi Avb‡›` wknwiZ nq| Z…wlZ gvV cÖv‡Yi ¯ú›`‡b †b‡P I‡V| cÖK…wZ mRxe nq| MvQ-cvjv, ZiæjZv mRxe n‡q

I‡V| Avi evsjvi cÖK…wZ bemv‡R mw¾Z nq|

Ôe„wóÕ KweZvq Kwei eY©bv Abyhvqx e„wói w`‡b we y¨r iƒcmx cwi †g‡N †g‡N mIqvi nq| w`K-w`M‡šÍ cÖK…wZi Aciƒc

†kvfv weKwkZ nq| w`MšÍ‡Rvov c„w_ex, eb, avb‡ÿZ, b`x bZzb cÖvY cvq| gvby‡li g‡bI Rv‡M wewPÎ wµqv I

cÖwZwµqv| KL‡bv myLgq AZxZ, KL‡bv ¯§„wZKvZiZv wKsev KL‡bv wein welYœZv| me wgwj‡q Ôe„wóÕ KweZvwU‡Z

e„wói mvgwMÖK GKwU iƒc cwiù~U‡bi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K DÏxcKwU‡Z ïay gvby‡li Aemi gyn~‡Z©i GKwU

welq Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| e„wói w`‡b gb e¨vKzj nq| wcÖqRb‡K g‡bi K_v ej‡Z B”Qv K‡i| el©YgyLi w`‡b gvby‡li

weinKvZiZv †e‡o hvq| Gfv‡e †`Lv hvq, DÏxcKwU gvby‡li g‡bi GKwUgvÎ Abyf~wZ‡K cÖKvk K‡i‡Q| DÏxcKwU

†h †Kv‡bv w`K †_‡K †nvK GKwUgvÎ Abyf~wZ‡K cÖKvk K‡i‡Q| GwU cwic~Y© fve cÖKv‡k mÿg bq| Avi Ôe„wóÕ

KweZvq e„wói GKwU mvgwMÖK w`K dz‡U D‡V‡Q| †Kej ¯§„wZKvZiZv Avi weinKvZiZvi Abyf~wZi Rb¨ DÏxcKwU

Ôe„wóÕ KweZvi GKUv fve‡K cÖKvk K‡i‡Q gvÎ, mgMÖ fve‡K bq| ZvB ejv hvq, DÏxcKwU Ôe„wóÕ KweZvi mvgwMÖK

w`K bq, GKwU we‡kl fve‡K aviY K‡i‡Q gvÎ|

A¨vmvBb‡g›U : wb‡R Kiæb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ:

bxj be N‡b Avlvp MM‡b wZj VuvB Avi bvwn‡i,

I‡Mv AvR †Zviv hvm‡b N‡ii evwn‡i,

ev`‡ji aviv S‡i Si Si

AvD‡ki †ÿZ R‡j fi fi|

K. Kwe we`y¨r PgKv‡bv‡K Kx‡mi m‡½ Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb?

L. Ôwe`y¨r iƒcmx cwiÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?

M. DÏxcK I Ôe„wóÕ KweZvi mv „‡k¨i w`KwU Zz‡j ai yb|

N. ÒDÏxcK I Ôe„wóÕ Dfq KweZvqB evsjv‡`‡ki el©vi AšÍi‡jv‡Ki iƒcwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q|Ó ÑAv‡jvPbv

Kiyb|

DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. K 2. L 3. L 4. M 5. K 6. L 7. L 8. K

Page 54: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ172 SSC-1651

Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMšÍyK bB

Avnmvb nvexe

Avnmvb nvexe 1917 wLª÷v‡ãi 2 Rvbyqvwi wc‡ivRcyi †Rjvi k¼icvkv MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi wcZv nvwgRyÏxb

nvIjv`vi I gv Rwgjv LvZzb| cvwievwiKfv‡e Avnmvb nvexe mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZi Ave‡ni g‡a¨ eo n‡q‡Qb| †mB

m~‡Î QvÎRxeb †_‡KB wZwb †jLv‡jwLi m‡½ hy³ nb| wc‡ivRcyi miKvwi ¯‹zj †_‡K gva¨wgK wkÿv m¤úbœ K‡i

ewikvj weGg K‡j‡R fwZ© nb wKš‘ A_v©fv‡e covïbv Amgvß †i‡L 1936 m‡b wZwb RxweKvi mÜv‡b KjKvZv P‡j

hvb| G-mgq †_‡KB Zuvi KwVb Rxeb msMÖv‡gi Ges cÖK…Z Kve¨mvabvi ïiæ| KjKvZvi Rxe‡b Avnmvb nvexe

mvsevw`K wn‡m‡e Kg©Rxeb ïiæ K‡ib Ges g„Zz¨ Aewa G †ckv‡ZB wb‡qvwRZ wQ‡jb| g„Zz¨i c~e© ch©š Í wZwb wQ‡jb

evsjv‡`‡ki ˆ`wbK evsjv cwÎKvi mvwnZ¨ m¤úv`K| Mfxi Rxeb‡eva I Avkvev` Zuvi KweZv‡K wewkó e¨Äbv `vb

K‡i‡Q| wZwb mvgvwRK ˆel‡g¨i weiy‡× Ges AvZ© gvbeZvi mc‡ÿ e³e¨ †i‡L‡Qb| Ab¨w`‡K ¯‡`k I gvZ…fvlvi

¯iƒc-mÜvb Zuvi Kve¨mvabvi †cÖiYv| mvwnZ¨K‡g©i ¯xK…wZ¯iƒc wZwb BD‡b‡¯‹v mvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi, evsjv GKv‡Wwg

cyi¯‹vi I GKz‡k c`Kmn wewfbœ cyi¯‹v‡i f~wlZ nb| Avnmvb nvexe 1985 mv‡ji 10 RyjvB g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib|

Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ iPbv :

Kve¨MÖš’ : ivw·kl, Qvqv nwiY, mviv `ycyi, Avkvq emwZ, `yÕnv‡Z `yB Avw`g cv_i;

Dcb¨vm : AviY¨ bxwjgv, ivYx Lv‡ji mvu‡Kv;

wkï-mvwnZ¨ : †RvQbv iv‡Zi Mí, QzwUi w`b `ycy‡i, †ijMvwo SgvSg, wewó c‡o Uvcyi Uzcyi|

ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvwU Kwe Avnmvb nvex‡ei Ô`yÕnv‡Z `yB Avw`g cv_iÕ Kve¨MÖš’ †_‡K †bqv n‡q‡Q|

gvby‡li mv‡_ Zvi Rb¥f‚wgi Awe‡”Q`¨ m¤ú‡K©i K_v wZwb G KweZvq Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| Kwe GLv‡b evsjv‡`‡ki

cÖK…wZ, cwi‡ek I MÖvgxY Rbc‡`i m‡½ gvby‡li Mfxi m¤úK© I †`k‡cÖ‡gi cwiPq Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| wZwb Rb¥f‚wgi

Avcb cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ wb‡R‡K GKxf‚Zfv‡e †`‡L‡Qb| †`‡ki cÖK…wZ I gvby‡li m‡½ Kwei wbweo m¤úK© i‡q‡Q,

Avi GUvB Zuvi Aw¯ÍZ¡| †Kbbv gvbeRxeb I Rb¥f~wg ci¯úi Mfxifv‡e m¤úwK©Z|

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

MÖvg-evsjvi Rxeb I cÖK…wZi eY©bv w`‡Z cvi‡eb|

†`‡ki cÖK…wZ I gvby‡li mv‡_ Kwei wbweo m¤úK© e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

f~wgKv

Kwe-cwiwPwZ

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SSC-1651 KweZvÑ173

Avmgv‡bi Zviv mvÿx

mvÿx GB Rwg‡bi dzj, GB

wbwkivBZ euvkevMvb we¯Íi †RvbvwK mvÿx

mvÿx GB Rviæj Rvgiæj, mvÿx

cy‡ei cyKzi, Zvi SvKov Wzgy‡ii Wv‡j w ’i `„wó

gvQivOv Avgv‡K †P‡b

Avwg †Kv‡bv Af¨vMZ bB

†Lv`vi Kmg Avwg wfb‡`wk cw_K bB

Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš ÍyK bB|

Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš ÍyK bB, Avwg

wQjvg GLv‡b, Avwg ¯vwcœK wbq‡g

GLv‡bB _vwK Avi

GLv‡b _vKvi bvg me©ÎB _vKv Ñ

mviv †`‡k|

Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš ÍyK bB| GB

Li †iŠ`ª RjR evZvm †gN K¬vš Í we‡K‡ji

cvwLiv Avgv‡K †P‡b

Zviv Rv‡b Avwg †Kv‡bv AvZ¥xq bB|

KvwZ©‡Ki av‡bi gÄix mvÿx

mvÿx Zvi wP‡ivj cvZvi

Ujgj wkwki Ñ mvÿx †R¨vrmœvi Pv`‡i XvKv

wbwk›`vi Qvqv

AKvj eva©‡K¨ bZ K`g Avjx

Zvi K¬vš Í †Pv‡Li Auvavi Ñ

Avwg wPwb, Avwg Zvi wPi‡Pbv ¯Rb GKRb| Avwg

Rwgjvi gvÕi

k~b¨ Lv Lv ivbœvNi ïK‡bv _vjv me wPwb

†m Avgv‡K †P‡b|

nvZ iv‡Lv ˆeVvq jvO‡j, †`‡Lv

Avgvi nv‡Zi ¯úk© †j‡M Av‡Q †Kgb Mfxi| †`‡Lv

gvwU‡Z Avgvi MÜ, Avgvi kix‡i

†j‡M Av‡Q GB wmœ» gvwUi myevm|

Avgv‡K wek¦vm K‡iv, Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš ÍyK bB|

`yÕcv‡k av‡bi †ÿZ

miy c_

mvg‡b ay ay b`xi wKbvi

Avgvi Aw ͇Z¡ Muv_v| Avwg GB DavI b`xi

gy» GK A‡eva evjK|

g~jcvV

Page 56: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ174 SSC-1651

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

A‡evaÑ AeyS; wb‡e©va| Af¨vMZÑ M„‡n G‡m‡Q Ggb e¨w³; AvMš‘K; wbgwš¿Z AwZw_| AvMš‘KÑ AwZw_; AcwiwPZ

bevMZ e¨w³| AvmgvbÑ AvKvk| wP‡ivjÑ gvSLv‡b †Piv; wPihy³| RwgbÑ f~wg| Rwgjvi gvÕi ... me wPwbÑ Mixe,

Afvex †kÖwYi cÖwZwbwa Rwgjvi gv| Zv‡`i ivbœvNi k~b¨B _v‡K mvaviYZ| KviY ivbœv Kivi Lv`¨ Dcv`vb Zv‡`i

†bB| †h‡nZz ivbœv Kiv nq bv, LveviI LvIqv n‡q I‡V bv| ZvB _vjv-evmbI ïK‡bv _v‡K| KweI †mB Ae¯’vi

K_v Rv‡bb| `yÕ cv‡k av‡bi †ÿZ ... Avgvi Aw ͇Z¡ Muv_vÑ Kwe MÖvgxY Rxe‡bB †e‡o D‡V‡Qb| MÖv‡gi gvV-NvU

c_-cÖvšÍ‡ii g‡Zv †ÿ‡Zi miæ c_, Zvi cv‡k av‡bi mgv‡ivn Ges GKUz GwM‡q †M‡j wekvj b`xi wKbvi Kwei

g‡bi †fZi, Aw ’-g¾vq MÖw_Z n‡q Av‡Q| Giv mevB Kwei LyeB †Pbv-Rvbv| av‡bi gÄixÑ gÄix n‡jv gyKzj ev

wkl, av‡bi gÄix n‡jv av‡bi wkl ev gyKzj| wbwkivBZÑ Ôwbkx_ ivwÎÕi M ÖvgxY K_¨iƒc (Mfxi ivZ †evSv‡Z)|

wbwk›`vÑ GK ai‡bi MvQ| we ÍiÑ cÖPzi; †Xi| wfb‡`wkÑ Ab¨ †`‡ki; we‡`wk| cy‡eiÑ c~e© w`‡Ki| mvÿxÑ †Kv‡bv

wKQz wbR‡Pv‡L †`‡L‡Qb Ggb †KD| w œ» gvwUi myevmÑ gvqvex I AvKl©Yxq MÖvgevsjv †evSv‡Z e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q|

mvims‡ÿc :

Kwe MÖvg-evsjviB mšÍvb| wZwb GLv‡b bZzb Avmv †Kv‡bv AwZw_ bb| evsjvi Rxeb I cÖK…wZi g‡a¨B Zuvi Rb¥ I

†e‡o IVv| ZvB wZwb GLvbKvi cÖK…wZ‡K †P‡bb| gvbyl‡K †P‡bb| Lye m~²fv‡e, Mfxifv‡e †P‡bb| wZwb wb‡RI

Zv‡`i AwZ cwiwPZ GKRb| wb‡Ri emwZ‡K fv‡jvfv‡e †P‡bb e‡jB cy‡iv †`k‡K Avcb K‡i †c‡Z Zuvi †Kv‡bv

Amyweav nq bv| G‡`‡ki cÖK…wZi †mŠ›`‡h©, gvby‡li †ckvMZ KvRK‡g©, b`xi D`vË cÖev‡n Kwe Lyu‡R cvb wb‡Ri

Aw ÍZ¡| Zuvi ¯cœI AvewZ©Z nq Gme‡K wN‡iB|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. Kwe Avnmvb nvex‡ei cÖ_g Kve¨MÖš’ †KvbwU?

K. mviv ycyi L. ivw·kl M. QvqvnwiY N. AviY¨ bxwjgv

2. ÔcvwLiv Avgv‡K †P‡bÕ PiYwUi Zvrch© n‡”QÑ

K. Kwe cvwL‡`i wPi†Pbv ¯Rb L. Kwe cvwL‡`i AwZw_

M. Kwe AcwiwPZ †KD bb N. Kwe cvwL‡`i AvZ¥vi AvZ¥xq

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

Avgv‡`i †QvU Muv‡q †QvU †QvU Ni

_vwK †m_v m‡e wg‡j bvwn †Kn ci|

AvgMvQ, RvgMvQ, euvkSvo †hb,

wg‡j-wg‡k Av‡Q Iiv AvZ¥xq †nb|

3. DÏxcKwU wb‡Pi †Kvb KweZv‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡iÑ

K. Avgvi cwiPq L. Avwg AvMš‘K bB M. gvbyl N. e„wó

4. DÏxcK I KweZvi g‡a¨ mv`„‡k¨i KviY njÑ

i. AšÍi½Zv ii. Muv‡qi cÖK…wZ iii. ¯Rb fvebv

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. i, ii I iii

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

5. ÔGLv‡bBÕ Kwe †Kvb wbq‡g _v‡Kb?

K. bvMwiKZ¡m~‡Î L. Rb¥MZfv‡e M. ¯^vwcœK wbq‡g N. cÖK…wZMZfv‡e

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SSC-1651 KweZvÑ175

6. ÔZviv Rv‡b Avwg †Kvb AvZ¥xq bBÕ K_vwUi gv‡b n‡”QÑ

K. Kwe cvwL‡`i wPi‡Pbv L. Kwe cvwL‡`i AvZ¥xq M. Kwe cvwL‡`i cÖwZ‡ekx N. Kwe cvwL‡`i eÜz

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

Avgvi c~e©evsjv GK¸”Q w œ»

AÜKv‡ii Zgvj

A‡bK cvZvi NwbôZvq

GKwU cÖMvp wbKzÄ|

7. DÏxcKwUi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q †h KweZvi m‡½Ñ

K. cÖvY L. cwjøRbbx M. Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bB N. gvbyl

8. Giƒc mv`„‡k¨i KviYÑ

K. fvlv I wPÎK‡í L. cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`‡h© M. Rxeb‡ev‡a N. Q›` web¨v‡m

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

Avwg evsjvq Mvb MvB

Avwg Avgvi Avwg‡K wPiw`b

GB evsjvq Luy‡R cvB|

Avwg evsjvq †`wL ¯cœ

Avwg evsjvq euvwa myi

Avwg GB evsjvi gvqv fiv c‡_

†nu‡UwQ GZUv `~i

evsjv Avgvi Rxebvb›`

evsjv cÖv‡Yi myi

Avwg GKevi †`wL,

evievi †`wL

†`wL evsjvi gyL|

K. Kwe Avnmvb nvexe †Kvb cwÎKvi mvwnZ¨ m¤úv`K wQ‡jb?

L. ÔAvwg GB DavI b`xi gy» GK A‡eva evjK|Õ ÑKwe †Kb GK_v e‡j‡Qb ?

M. DÏxc‡K ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q? ÑAv‡jvPbv Ki yb|

N. ÒDÏxcK I ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvi Kwe Rb¥f~wg‡K Avcb mËvq Abyfe Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb|Ó

Ñ gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki yb|

bgybv DËi : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K. Kwe Avnmvb nvexe Aaybvjyß Ô‰`wbK evsjvÕ cwÎKvi mvwnZ¨ m¤úv`K wQ‡jb|

L. evsjvi cÖK…wZ, gvV-NvU, cÖvšÍ‡ii †mŠ›`‡h© Kwe gy»| wZwb A‡eva evj‡Ki g‡Zv evsjvi cÖK…wZi GB †mŠ›`h©

Dc‡fvM Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb|

Kwe Avnmvb nvexe ˆK‡kv‡i evsjv‡`‡ki MÖvgxY Ave‡n †e‡o D‡V‡Qb| MÖvgxY cÖK…wZi gvV-NvU, c_-cÖvšÍ‡ii

g‡Zv †L‡Zi miæ c_, Zvi cv‡k av‡bi mgv‡ivn Ges GKUz GwM‡q †M‡j wekvj b`xi wKbvi Kwei g‡bi

†fZi, Aw¯’-g¾vq wg‡k Av‡Q| evsjvi cÖK…wZ Kwe‡K GZUvB gy» K‡i‡Q †h, wZwb GLvbKvi gvbyl I cÖK…wZ‡K

†hgb fv‡jvfv‡e †P‡bb, †Zgwb wZwbI Zv‡`i wPi‡Pbv ¯Rb| ZvB Kwe e‡j‡Qb, Avwg GB DavI b`xi gy»

GK A‡eva evjK|

M. DÏxcKwU‡Z ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq cÖKvwkZ Kwei ¯‡`k‡cÖ‡gi welqwU cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|

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KweZvÑ176 SSC-1651

Rb¥f~wgi m‡½ gvby‡li bvoxi m¤úK©| Rb¥f~wg‡Z wkKo †M‡o gvbyl mgMÖ †`k‡K Avcb K‡i cvq| Gi

mewKQzB Zvi KZ †Pbv, KZ Rvbv| Rb¥f~wgi cÖwZ gvby‡li GB AbyfzwZ Zzjbvnxb|

DÏxc‡K GKRb Kwei Avcb mËv cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| GB Kwe evsjvq Mvb K‡ib Ges evsjv‡ZB wb‡R‡K Luy‡R

cvb| GB evsjv‡ZB evm K‡i wZwb wb‡Ri Rxe‡bi Avb›` Luy‡R †c‡q _v‡Kb| ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ

KweZvq Kwe Avnmvb nvexeI Zuvi Aw ÍZ¡ wb‡Ri Rb¥f~wg evsjvq Luy‡R †c‡qwQ‡jb| wZwb e‡j‡Qb, wZwb GLv‡b

†Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bb| wZwb †hgb IB Avmgvb, Rwg‡bi dzj, †RvbvwK, cyKzi, gvQivOv‡K †P‡bb wVK †Zgwb

ZvivI Zv‡K †P‡b| Kwe e‡j‡Qb, MÖvgxY Rbc‡`i m‡½ Zuvi Rxeb euvav| GwUB n‡”Q Zvi Aw ÍZ¡| Gfv‡e ejv

hvq, ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ-Gi Kwei wbR †`‡ki cÖwZ AK…wÎg fv‡jvevmvB DÏxc‡K cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q|

N. †`k‡cÖg gv‡b n‡”Q Zv‡K Avcb mËvq wb‡Ri Abyf~wZ‡Z Abyfe Kiv|

Rb¥f~wgi m‡½ gvby‡li AvRxe‡bi m¤úK©| Gi cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv wPišÍb| GB gvwU‡Z wkKo †M‡oB gvbyl mgMÖ

†`k‡K Avcb K‡i cvq| Rb¥f~wgi mewKQzB Zvi wbKU g‡b nq KZ †Pbv, KZ Rvbv| Rb¥f~wgi cÖK…wZ I iƒ‡c

†m gy» nq| Gi gvwU, Zvi MÜ, Zvi wbKU AwZ Avcb| Zvi kix‡i †j‡M _v‡K GB w œ» gvwUi myevm|

Rb¥f~wgi cÖwZ gvby‡li GB fv‡jvevmvi cÖKvk wfbœ wfbœ n‡jI Abyf~wZi RM‡Z Zv Awfbœ iƒc aviY K‡i|

DÏxc‡Ki Kwe wb‡R‡K evsjvi gvwU‡Z Luy‡R cvb| Gi gvqvfiv c_ w`‡q wZwb A‡bK †nu‡U‡Qb| Kwe e‡j‡Qb,

wZwb evsjv‡K wPiw`b †P‡bb| evsjvq ¯cœ †`Lv Zvi wPiKvjxb Kvgbv| evsjv Zvi wbKU Rxebvb›`| wZwb

evsjvi gyL GKevi bq, evi evi †`L‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvqI Kwe Zvi wPi‡Pbv

cwi‡ek A_©vr GB evsjvi Rbc‡` wb‡Ri wkKo mÜvb K‡i‡Qb| Kwe e‡j‡QbÑ cvwL, KvwZ©‡Ki avb wKsev ïay

wkwki bq, wZwb GB Rbc‡`i gvbyl‡KI fv‡jvfv‡e †P‡bb| wZwb †hgb IB Avmgvb, Rwg‡bi dzj, †RvbvwK,

cyKzi, gvQivOv‡K †P‡bb, †Zgwb ZvivI Zv‡K †P‡b| GB MÖvgxY Rbc‡`i m‡½B Kwei Rxeb euvav|

Rb¥f~wgi m‡½ gvbyl Mfxifv‡e m¤ú„³| Gi mewKQzB Zvi AwZ AvcbRb| Rb¥f~wgi Aw ÍZ¡ Zvi Aw ’-g¾vq|

Gfv‡eB †m mgMÖ †`k‡K Avcb K‡i cvq| wb‡Ri mËv w`‡q Abyfe K‡i| ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq

GB AbyfeB Kwe Avnmvb nvexe Mfxi ggZvq Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| DÏxc‡Ki KweI evsjvi mewKQz‡K wb‡Ri mËvq

Abyfe K‡ib| Avi Abyfe K‡ib e‡jB evsjvi cÖwZ Zvi Mfxi ggZ¡‡eva cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q| ZvB ejv hvq,

DÏxc‡Ki Kwe Ges ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ-Gi Kwe Rb¥f~wg‡K GKvšÍfv‡e Avcb mËvq Abyfe K‡i‡Qb|

A¨vmvBb‡g›U : wb‡R Kiæb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ:

fvIqvj Avgvi Aw ’g¾v

fvIqvj Avgvi cÖvY!

Avwg Zvi wbe©vwmZ Aag mšÍvb

Zvi †m gjq evq, nwiYx PgwK Pvq,

AP‡j DQ‡j c‡o Mwj‡q cvlvY;

Zvnvwi gayi k¦v‡m, myav-‡mvgim-ev‡m

†`eZv Qvwoqv Av‡m b›`b D`¨vb!

K. Kwei Aw ͇Z¡ Muv_v i‡q‡Q †KvbwU?

L. ÔAvwg †Kvb AvMš‘K bB|Õ Ñej‡Z Kwe Kx eywS‡q‡Qb?

M. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU DÏxc‡K cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q? Ñe¨vL¨v Kiyb|

N. Ò†cªÿvcU wfbœ n‡jI DÏxcK Ges ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvi †`k‡cÖg Awfbœ|Ó Ñwe‡kølY Ki yb|

DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. L 2. K 3. L 4. N 5. L 6. K 7. M 8. L

Page 59: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ177

†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZv

kvgmyi ivngvb

kvgmyi ivngvb 1929 mv‡ji 24†k A‡±vei XvKv kn‡i Zuvi bvbvevwo‡Z Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi ˆcZ…K wbevm

biwms`x †Rjvi ivqcyiv _vbvi cvovZjx MÖvg| Zuvi wcZv †gvL‡jmyi ingvb †PŠayix I gvZv Av‡gbv LvZzb| kvgmyi

ivngvb 1945 mv‡j XvKvi †cv‡MvR ¯‹zj †_‡K g¨vwUªK, XvKv K‡jR †_‡K 1947 mv‡j B›UviwgwW‡qU cvk K‡ib|

wZwb XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q Bs‡iwR wefv‡M fwZ© n‡qI P~ovšÍ cixÿv bv w`‡q cvm‡Kv‡m© weG cvk K‡ib| Zuvi †ckv

wQj mvsevw`KZv| AvVv‡iv eQi eq‡m wZwb †jLv‡jwL ïiæ K‡ib| Zuvi ÔeY©gvjv Avgvi `ytwLbx eY©gvjvÕ, Ô¯vaxbZv

ZzwgÕ, Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨ †n ¯vaxbZvÕ, Ôm‡d` cvÄvweÕ, ÔAvmv‡`i kvU©Õ cÖf…wZ KweZvq D‡V G‡m‡Q evOvwj

RvwZi ¯cœ I fwel¨Z| wel‡q, Avw½‡K, Dc ’vcbvq Zuvi KweZv ¯Zš¿ ˆewk‡ó¨ D¾¡j| we‡kl K‡i ga¨weË bvMwiK

Rxe‡bi cÖZ¨vkv, nZvkv, wew”QbœZv, ˆeivM¨ I msMÖvg Zuvi KweZvq mv_©Kfv‡e wea„Z| fvi‡Zi hv`ecyi wek¦we`¨vjq

I iex›`ªfviZx wek¦we`¨vjq Zuv‡K wWwjU Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ K‡i| GQvov wZwb evsjv GKv‡Wwg cyi¯‹vi, GKz‡k c`K I

¯vaxbZv c`Kmn wewfbœ cyi¯‹v‡i f~wlZ nb| 2006 mv‡ji 17 AvM÷ wZwb g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib|

Zuvi cÖavb Kve¨MÖš’ :

cÖ_g Mvb wØZxq g„Zz¨i Av‡M, †iŠ`ª K‡ivwU‡Z, weaŸ¯Í bxwjgv, wbR evmf~‡g, e›`x wkwei †_‡K, `ytmg‡qi

gy‡LvgywL, wdwi‡q bvI NvZK KuvUv, Avwg Abvnvix, evsjv‡`k ¯cœ `¨v‡L, eyK Zvi evsjv‡`‡ki ü`q,

M„nhy‡×i Av‡M, nwi‡Yi nvo, gvbe ü`‡q ˆb‡e`¨ mvRvB|

Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZvÕ kxl©K KweZvwU Ôkvgmyi ivngv‡bi †kÖô KweZvÕ bvgK MÖš’ †_‡K M„nxZ

n‡q‡Q| KweZvwU Kwei Ôe›`x wkwei †_‡KÕ bvgK MÖ‡š’i AšÍfz©³| ¯vaxbZv AR©‡b evOvwji msMÖvgx †PZbv Ges

Zuv‡`i gnvb AvZ¥Z¨v‡Mi gwngv Kwe my›`ifv‡e GB KweZvq cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| GLv‡b Kwe ¯vaxbZvi Rb¨ G‡`‡ki

me© ͇ii gvby‡li AvZ¥Z¨vM, cvK-nvbv`vi evwnbxi aŸsmhÁ, gyw³Kvgx gvby‡li cÖZxÿvi ¯iƒc e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb| Kwe

¯vaxbZv AR©‡bi BwZnvm †_‡K ¯vaxbZv‡K iÿv I A_©en K‡i Zzj‡Z mKj‡K D¾xweZ I AbycÖvwYZ n‡Z AvnŸvb

Rvwb‡q‡Qb|

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

¯vaxbZvi Rb¨ wewPÎ gvby‡li AvZ¥Z¨vM eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

¯vaxbZvi AvKv•ÿv I Abyf‡ei Zvrch© we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

f~wgKv

Kwe-cwiwPwZ

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KweZvÑ178 SSC-1651

†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZv

†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨

Avi KZevi fvm‡Z n‡e i³M½vq ?

Avi KZevi †`L‡Z n‡e LvÐe`vnb ?

Zzwg Avm‡e e‡j, †n ¯vaxbZv,

mvwKbv wewei Kcvj fvOj,

wmuw_i wmu`yi gy‡Q †Mj nwi`vmxi|

Zzwg Avm‡e e‡j, †n ¯vaxbZv,

kn‡ii ey‡K RjcvB i‡Oi U¨v¼ G‡jv

`vb‡ei g‡Zv wPrKvi Ki‡Z Ki‡Z

Zzwg Avm‡e e‡j, †n ¯vaxbZv,

QvÎvevm, ew Í DRvo n‡jv| wiK‡qj‡jm ivB‡dj

Avi †gwkbMvb LB †dvUvj hÎZÎ|

Zzwg Avm‡e e‡j QvB n‡jv MÖv‡gi ci MÖvg|

Zzwg Avm‡e e‡j weaŸ¯ Í cvovq cÖfzi ev ‘wfUvi

fMœ Í~‡c `uvwo‡q GKUvbv AvZ©bv` Kij GKUv KzKzi|

Zzwg Avm‡e e‡j, †n ¯vaxbZv,

AeyS wkï nvgv¸wo w`j wcZv-gvZvi jv‡ki Dci|

†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZv, †Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨

Avi KZevi fvm‡Z n‡e i³M½vq ?

Avi KZevi †`L‡Z n‡e LvÐe`vnb ?

¯vaxbZv, †Zvgvi R‡b¨ _yÌy‡o GK ey‡ov

D`vm `vIqvq e‡m Av‡Qb Ñ Zuvi †Pv‡Li wb‡P Aciv‡nèi

`ye©j Av‡jvi wSwjK, evZv‡m bo‡Q Pzj|

¯vaxbZv, †Zvgvi R‡b¨

†gvjøvevwoi GK weaev `uvwo‡q Av‡Q

boe‡o LyuwU a‡i `» N‡ii|

¯vaxbZv, †Zvgvi R‡b¨

nvwÇmvi GK Abv_ wK‡kvix k~b¨ _vjv nv‡Z

e‡m Av‡Q c‡_i av‡i|

†Zvgvi R‡b¨,

mMxi Avjx, kvnevRcy‡ii †mB †Rvqvb K…lK,

†Kó `vm, †R‡jcvovi me‡P‡q mvnmx †jvKUv,

gZje wgqv, †gNbv b`xi `ÿ gvwS,

MvRx MvRx e‡j †h †bŠKv Pvjvq DÏvg S‡o,

iy Íg †kL, XvKvi wiKkvIqvjv, hvi dzmdzm

GLb †cvKvi `L‡j

Avi ivB‡dj Kuv‡a e‡b R½‡j Ny‡i-†eov‡bv

†mB †ZwR ZiæY hvi c`fv‡i

g~jcvV

Page 61: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ179

GKwU bZzb c„w_exi Rb¥ n‡Z P‡j‡Q Ñ

mevB Aaxi cÖZxÿv Ki‡Q †Zvgvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZv|

c„w_exi GK cÖvš Í †_‡K Ab¨ cÖv‡š Í R¡jš Í

†NvlYvi aŸwb-cÖwZaŸwb Zz‡j,

bZzb wbkvb Dwo‡q, `vgvgv evwR‡q w`wM¦w`K

GB evsjvq

†Zvgv‡K Avm‡ZB n‡e, †n ¯vaxbZv|

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

AaxiÑ Aw ’i; e¨vKzj| AcivnèÑ weKvj| AvZ©bv`Ñ KvZi wPrKvi| LvÐe`vnbÑ fxlY AwMœKvÐ| †RvqvbÑ hyeK;

cÖvßeq¯‹ †jvK| Zzwg Avm‡e e‡j ... QvÎvevm, ew Í DRvo n‡jvÑ ¯vaxbZv hy‡×i ïiæ‡Z cvwK Ívwb †mbvevwnbx

evOvwj‡`i Ici exfrm I fqsKi AvµgY Pvjvq; Zviv MÖv‡gi ci MÖvg Av¸‡b cywo‡q †`q; Zv‡`i †mB AvµgY

†_‡K Qv·`i QvÎvevm, Mixe gvby‡li _vKvi RvqMv, ew ÍI iÿv cvqwb; cvwK Ívwb †mbviv QvÎvevm I ew¯Í‡ZI

AvµgY K‡i, Ges †mLvbKvi gvbyl‡K wbwe©Pv‡i nZ¨v K‡i Ges cywo‡q wbwðý K‡i †`q| _yÌy‡o GK ey‡ovÑ eq‡mi

fv‡i weaŸ Í †jvK, hvi eqm A‡bK n‡q‡Q Ges PjvPj Ki‡Z hvi Kó nq| `vIqvÑ eviv›`v, DVvb| `vgvgvÑ

XvKRvZxq iYev`¨| w`wM¦w`KÑ me©w`K| wbkvbÑ cZvKv; †KZb| cÖZxÿvÑ A‡cÿv| ev¯‘wfUvÑ eûKv‡ji emZf‚wg

c yiælvbyµ‡g †h evwo‡Z evm Kiv nq| weaŸ ÍÑ wejyß, PZzw`©‡K wewÿß| fMœ Í‚cÑ Í‚cvKvi aŸsmve‡kl| hÎZÎÑ

†hLv‡b †mLv‡b; me RvqMvq| iæ Íg †kL ... GLb †cvKvi `L‡jÑ iæ Íg †kL bv‡gi GK wiK&kvIqvjv whwb hy‡×

kwn` n‡q‡Qb; g„Z Ae ’v †evSv‡bvi Rb¨ ejv n‡q‡Q Ôhvi myL`yL GLb †cvKvi `L‡jÕ| wmuw_i wmu`yi gy‡Q †Mj

nwi`vmxiÑ nwi`vmx weaev n‡jv| mbvZb a‡g©i †g‡q‡`i we‡qi ci wmuw_‡Z wmu`yi cwi‡q †`Iqv nq| Zvi ¯vgx gviv

†M‡j †mB wmu`yi gy‡Q †djv nq| ¯vaxbZv hy‡× Avgv‡`i †`‡ki Ggb A‡bK nwi`vmxi ¯vgx gyw³hy× Ki‡Z wM‡q

kwn` n‡q‡Qb| nwi`vmxi ¯vgxI kwn` n‡q‡QbÑ G welqwU †evSv‡bvi Rb¨ evK¨wU e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q|

mvims‡ÿc :

¯vaxbZv gvby‡li cig PvIqv| gvbyl wewPÎ Ae¯’vi g‡a¨ _v‡K| wewPÎ †kÖwY-†ckv-ag©-eY© Zv‡`i| wKš‘

¯vaxbZvi AvKv•ÿvq Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †f` †bB| hvi hvi Ae ’vb †_‡K ¯vaxbZvi Rb¨ gvbyl Z¨vM ¯xKvi K‡i‡Q|

nvbv`vi cvwK Ívwb evwnbx wbwe©Pvi nZ¨vhÁ Pvwj‡q‡Q, cywo‡q w`‡q‡Q kni I MÖv‡gi †jvKvjq| wKš‘ mewKQz

nvwi‡qI evsjvi gvbyl Avkv Qv‡owb| ¯vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi GKw`‡K wQj wemR©b, Ab¨w`‡K m¤§yL-hy‡×i mvnm Avi

exiZ¡| eû wewPÎ gvby‡li bvbvgyLx AskMÖn‡Y AwR©Z n‡q‡Q Avgv‡`i ¯vaxbZv|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. wmuw_i wmu`yi gy‡Q †Mj Kvi?

K. mwKbv wewei L. nwi`vwmi

M. Avwgbv wewei N. wbg©jv `vwmi

2. mbvZb a‡g© wmuw_i wmu`yi gy‡Q †djv nq †h Kvi‡YÑ

K. ¯vgx mgy`ª cvwo w`‡j L. ¯vgx we‡`k †M‡j

M. ¯^vgx hy‡× †M‡j N. ¯vgx gviv †M‡j

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

Ajf¨ R‡qi †jv‡f R¡vjvq kni, MÖv‡g MÖv‡g

cÖvPxb msnwZ †f‡½ fMœ ¯Í~‡c `~‡ii DjøyK|

Page 62: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ180 SSC-1651

3. DÏxcKwU †Kvb KweZvi mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y©?

K. mvnmx Rbbx L. cÖvY

M. †Zvgv‡K cvIqvi Rb¨,†n ¯vaxbZv N. Rxebm½xZ

4. DÏxc‡Ki PiYØq wb‡Pi †Kvb cO&w³wUi DcRxe¨?

i. †Zvgv‡K cvIqvi Rb¨, †n ¯vaxbZv

ii. Zzwg Avm‡e e‡j QvB n‡jv MÖv‡gi ci MÖvg

iii. nvwÇmvi GK Abv_ wK‡kvi k~b¨ _vjv nv‡Z

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii

M. iii N. i, ii I iii

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

5. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZvÕ KweZvwU kvgmyi ivngv‡bi †Kvb Kve¨MÖ‡š’i AšÍf©y³?

K. †iŠ`ª K‡ivwU‡Z L.e›`x wkwei †_‡K

M. evsjv‡`k ¯cœ †`‡L N. nwi‡Yi nvo

6. ÔZzwg Avm‡e e‡j, †n ¯^vaxbZv,

AeyS wkï nvgv¸wo w`j wcZv-gvZvi jv‡ki Dci|Õ PiYwU‡Z i‡q‡QÑ

K. A‡eva wkïi Avb›` L. MYAv‡›`vj‡bi iƒc

M. wkïi we‡`ªvn N. ¯vaxbZvi ¯cœ

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

R¡‡j-cy‡o-g‡i QviLvi

Zey gv_v †bvqvevi bq|

7. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ wgj i‡q‡Q Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZvÕ KweZviÑ

i. kÖwgK †kÖwYi ii. ¯vaxbZv we‡ivax‡`i iii. Avcvgi Rbmvavi‡Yi

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii

M. iii N. i I ii

8. DÏxcK I Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, ‡n ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvwUi mv`„‡k¨i g~‡j i‡q‡QÑ

K. †`kvZ¥‡eva L. mvnwmKZv

M. wbcxob N. aŸsmhÁ

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

†Zvgv‡K Awfev`b, evsjv‡`k,

Zzwg wd‡i G‡mQ †Zvgvi jvj m~h© AuvKv cZvKvi †fZ‡i

hvi Av‡jvq GLb iwÄZ n‡q D‡V‡Q mvnmx eØxc,

†Zvgv‡K Awfev`b, evsjv‡`k

Zzwg wd‡i G‡mQ †Zvgvi Abvnvix wkïwUi Kv‡Q

wd‡i G‡mQ †Zvgvi cøve‡bi †Kvgj cwjgvwU‡Z

hvi gy‡Vvi †fZ‡i GLb GKwU av‡bi exR ;

K. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZvÕ †Kvb MÖš’ †_‡K msKwjZ n‡q‡Q?

L. ÔAvi KZevi fvm‡Z n‡e i³M½vq|Õ ÑeywS‡q ejyb|

Page 63: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ181

M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZvÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwUi wgj i‡q‡Q? Av‡jvPbv

Kiyb|

N. DÏxcKwU‡Z Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨ †n ¯vaxbZvÕ KweZvi g~jfvewU cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q wK? ÑDˇii

mc‡ÿ ev wec‡ÿ hyw³ cÖ`k©b Ki yb|

bgybv DËi : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZvÕ bvgK KweZvwU Ôkvgmyi ivngv‡bi †kÖô KweZvÕ kxl©K Kve¨MÖš’ †_‡K

†bIqv n‡q‡Q|

L. evsjvi gvbyl‡K ¯vaxbZvi Rb¨ c„w_exi ey‡K A‡bKevi i³ w`‡Z n‡q‡Q|

¯vaxbZv gvby‡li Rb¥MZ AwaKvi| GB AwaKvi AR©‡bi Rb¨ G‡`‡ki gvbyl 1971 mv‡j cvwK Ív‡bi weiæ‡×

gyw³hy‡× Suvwc‡q c‡o| cvwK Ívwb evwnbx G‡`‡k QvÎvevm¸‡jv‡Z AvµgY K‡i| wbg©gfv‡e MYnZ¨v Pvjvq|

cywo‡q †`q †`‡ki kni I MÖv‡gi †jvKvjq| m¤£g nvivq A‡bK bvix| hy‡× AvZ¥Z¨vM K‡i A‡bK bvix I

cyiæl| i‡³i MÜ mviv‡`‡k Qwo‡q c‡o| ZeyI gv_v bZ K‡iwb evOvwj| evi evi G‡`k AZ¨vPvixi AZ¨vPv‡i

i³M½vq †f‡m‡Q| G Kvi‡YB Kwe e‡j‡QbÑ ÔAvi KZevi fvm‡Z n‡e i³M½vq?Õ

M. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZvÕ KweZvi †kl Ask †hLv‡b evsjv‡`‡ki ¯vaxbZvi wbðqZvi K_v i‡q‡Q

†m As‡ki m‡½ DÏxc‡Ki wgj i‡q‡Q|

evOvwj RvwZi †kÖô AR©b 1971 mv‡ji gnvb gyw³hy×| A‡bK i‡³i wewbg‡q evOvwji ¯vaxbZv AwR©Z n‡q‡Q|

Gi Rb¨ evOvwj‡K cvwK Ívwb †mbvevwnbxi weiæ‡× jo‡Z n‡q‡Q bq gvm| ¯vaxbZvi i³ÿqx hy‡× G‡`‡ki

jv‡Lv gvbyl‡K AvZ¥vûwZ w`‡Z n‡q‡Q| wbh©vwZZ I weaev n‡Z n‡q‡Q AmsL¨ bvix‡K| aŸsm n‡q‡Q AR¯ª

Rbc`| DRvo n‡q‡Q A‡bK ew Í I QvÎvevm| Avi Gi wewbg‡q Avgiv †c‡qwQ ¯vaxbZvi i³jvj cZvKv|

DÏxc‡K ¯vaxbZv-DËi evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖÿvcU ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Kwe GLv‡b bZzb evsjv‡`k‡K ¯vMZ Rvwb‡q‡Qb|

Kwe e‡j‡Qb,ÔZzwg wd‡i G‡mQ †Zvgvi jvj m~h© AvuKv cZvKvi †fZ‡i, wd‡i G‡mQ †Zvgvi Abvnvix wkïwUi

Kv‡Q, wd‡i G‡mQ †Zvgvi cøve‡bi †Kvgj cwjgvwU‡Z|Õ e ‘Z wd‡i Avmv ej‡Z gyw³hy× †_‡K wd‡i Avmv‡KB

†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K KweZvq †`L‡Z cvB hy‡×i mgq A‡bK i³M½v eB‡q Avgv‡`i ¯vaxbZv G‡m‡Q|

wcZv-gvZvi jv‡ki Dci nvgv¸wo w`‡q‡Q A‡bK AeyS wkï| m¤¢ªg nvwi‡q‡Q A‡bK bvix| wb‡Ri Rxeb‡K

DrmM© K‡i‡Q wewfbœ †kÖwY-‡ckvi gvbyl| A‡bK Z¨v‡Mi wewbg‡q DÏxc‡Ki cZvKvi g‡Zv jvj cZvKv Dwo‡q

AwR©Z n‡q‡Q evsjv‡`‡ki ¯vaxbZv| ejv hvq, Gfv‡e ¯vaxbZvi AvKv•ÿvi welqwU‡Z DÏxc‡Ki m‡½

Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨,‡n ¯vaxbZvÕ KweZvi wgj i‡q‡Q|

N. DÏxcKwU‡Z Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZvÕ KweZvi g~j fvewU cÖKvwkZ nqwb|

¯vaxbZv gvby‡li Rb¥MZ AwaKvi| G AwaKvi Abyf‡eiI e‡U| wKš‘ cvwK Ívwbiv evOvwj RvwZi G AwaKvi

niY K‡iwQj| GB ¯vaxbZv AR©‡bi Rb¨ Avcvgi evOvwj 1971 mv‡j gyw³hy‡× Suvwc‡q c‡o| cvwK Ívwb evwnbx

G‡`‡k MYnZ¨v Pvjvq| cywo‡q †`q MÖvg I kn‡ii AR ª †jvKvjq| A‡bK Z¨vM-wZwZÿv Ges i³M½vi

wewbg‡q Ae‡k‡l ¯vaxbZv AwR©Z nq| evsjvi AvKv‡k I‡V ¯vaxbZvi jvj m~h©|

DÏxc‡K m`¨ ¯vaxb evsjv‡`k‡K Awfev`b Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| DÏxc‡Ki Kwe GLv‡b evsjv‡`‡ki ¯vaxbZv

cÖvwßi Av‡eM‡K mvejxj fvlvq Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| Kwei ¯‡cœi ¯vaxbZv wd‡i G‡m‡Q evsjvi †Kvgj cwjgvwU‡Z,

Abvnvix wkïwUi Kv‡Q| DÏxcKwU‡Z hy‡×i †Kv‡bv eY©bv †`Iqv nqwb| GQvov evOvwj RvwZi gyw³hy× m¤ú‡K©

mg¨K aviYv cvIqv hvq bv DÏxc‡K| Ab¨w`‡K Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZvÕ KweZvwU‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki

gyw³hy‡×i Aven‡K Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| evOvwji gnvb gyw³hy× we¯Í…Z cwim‡i dz‡U D‡V‡Q| gyw³hy× PjvKv‡j

evOvwji i‡³ i³M½v eB‡q †`q cvK‡mbviv| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯vaxbZvi Rb¨ A‡bK bvix m¤£g nvwi‡q‡Qb, A‡bK

beRvZK nvwi‡q‡Q gv-evev‡K| AvZ©bv` K‡i‡Q KzKziI| gyw³hy‡× evsjvi kÖwgK, K…lK, †R‡j cÖgyL mvaviY

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KweZvÑ182 SSC-1651

gvbylI AvZ¥Z¨vM K‡i| Gfv‡e †`Lv hvq evsjv‡`‡ki ¯vaxbZv AR©‡bi j‡ÿ¨ gyw³hy‡×i wPÎvqb i‡q‡Q

KweZvwU‡Z|

DÏxc‡K ¯vaxbZv-DËi evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖÿvc‡Ui K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| †mLv‡b bZzb ¯vaxb evsjv‡`k‡K Awfev`b

Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| cÖm½Z gyw³hy‡×i K_v ewY©Z nq wb| Avi Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZvÕ KweZvwU‡Z

Avgv‡`i ¯vaxbZv hy‡×i c~e©vci cÖm½mn gyw³hy‡×i GKwU wPÎ dz‡U D‡V‡Q| ZvB ejv hvq, Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi

R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZvÕ KweZvwUi g~j fve DÏxc‡K dz‡U I‡Vwb| AvswkK wP·K aviY K‡i‡Q gvÎ|

A¨vmvBb‡g›U : wb‡R Kiæb

m„Rbkxj Ask :

¯vaxbZv Zzwg

iwe VvKz‡ii ARi KweZv,Awebvkx Mvb|

¯vaxbZv Zzwg

KvRx bRiæ‡ji SuvKov Pz‡ji evewi †`vjv‡bv

gnvb cyiæl, m„wó my‡Li Djøv‡m KuvcvÑ

K. kvnevRcy‡ii K…l‡Ki bvg Kx?

L. Ô†Zvgv‡K Avm‡ZB n‡e, †n ¯vaxbZv|Õ ÑDw³wU e¨vL¨v Ki yb|

M. DÏxcK I Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZvÕ KweZvi ˆemv`„k¨¸‡jv Av‡jvPbv Ki yb|

N. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZvÕ KweZvq i‡q‡Q ¯vaxbZvi Rb¨ Zxeª AvKv•ÿv Avi DÏxc‡K

cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q ¯^vaxbZvi Abvwej Avb›`|Õ ÑgšÍe¨wU wePvi Kiæb|

DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. L 2. N 3. M 4. L 5. L 6. N 7. M 8. K

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vj‡qi I‡cb ¯‹zj cwiPvwjZ GmGmwm †cÖvMÖv‡gi wkÿv_x©eÜz‡`i Rb¨

evsjv wel‡qi AwWI/wfwWI †cÖvMÖvg¸‡jv eZ©gv‡b wewUwf/esjv‡`k †eZvi KZ…©K mßv‡ni wbw`©ó

w`‡bi wbw`©ó mg‡q cÖPvwiZ n‡q Avm‡Q|

wkÿv_x©eÜziv, Avcbviv ÷vwW †m›Uvi †_‡K †cÖvMÖvg wmwWDj msMÖn K‡i wbw`©ó w`‡bi wbw`©ó

mg‡q cÖPvwiZ †cÖvMÖvgwU †`L‡j DcK…Z n‡eb e‡j Avkv KiwQ| AwWI/wfwWI †cÖvMÖvg¸‡jv

†evSvi myweav‡_© eBwU mvg‡b wb‡q emyb Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq welq¸wj †bvU Kivi Rb¨ KvMR, Kjg

mv‡_ ivLyb| †Kv‡bv welq eyS‡Z Amyweav n‡j cÖ‡qvR‡b Avcbvi wUDU‡ii mnvqZv wbb|

AwWI/wfwWI

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SSC-1651 KweZvÑ183

muv‡KvUv `yj‡Q

mybxj M‡½vcva¨vq

mybxj M‡½vcva¨vq 1934 mv‡ji 7 †m‡Þ¤^i gv`vwicyi †Rjvi gvBScvov MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi wcZv Kvjxc`

M‡½vcva¨vq wQ‡jb GKRb ¯‹zjwkÿK, gvZv gxiv M‡½vcva¨vq| gvÎ Pvi eQi eq‡m wZwb KjKvZvq P‡j Av‡mb|

wZwb KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K œvZ‡KvËi wWwMÖ jvf K‡ib| 1953 mv‡j ÔK „wËevmÕ bvgK KweZv cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki

gva¨‡g wZwb ZiæY cÖR‡b¥i Kwe‡`i `„wó Kv‡ob| wZwb GKvav‡i wQ‡jb Kwe, Jcb¨vwmK, †QvUMíKvi, mvsevw`K I

wbeÜKvi| Z‡e †ckvMZ w`K †_‡K wZwb wQ‡jb mvsevw`K| wZwb AvaywbK evsjv KweZvi Rxebvb›`-cieZ©x ch©v‡qi

Ab¨Zg cÖavb Kwe| GKBm‡½ wZwb AvaywbK I †ivgvw›UK Kwe| KweZv I K_vmvwn‡Z¨ †h fzeb wZwb iPbv K‡i‡Qb

†mLv‡b Avgv‡`i BwZnvm, HwZn¨, ms¯‹…wZ I gvbexq †cÖ‡gi GK Amvgvb¨ RMr ˆZwi n‡q‡Q| wZwb Ôbxj‡jvwnZÕ,

ÔmbvZb cvVKÕ I Ôbxj Dcva¨vqÕ cÖf…wZ QÙbv‡g wj‡L‡Qb| mewgwj‡q wZwb `yBkÕi †ewk MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb|

mvwnZ¨K‡g©i ¯xK…wZ¯iƒc wZwb mvwnZ¨ AvKv‡`wg cyi¯‹vi, ew¼g cyi¯‹vi, Avb›` cyi¯‹vimn wewfbœ m¤§vbbvq f~wlZ

nb| mybxj M‡½vcva¨vq 2012 mv‡ji 23 A‡±vei KjKvZvq wbR evwo‡Z g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib|

Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ iPbv :

Kve¨MÖš’ : GK Ges K‡qKRb, Avgvi ¯cœ, RvMiY †ngeY©, uvovI my›`i, gb fv‡jv †bB, ¯M©bMixi

Pvwe, ¯§„wZi kni, nVvr bxivi Rb¨, ivwÎi iu‡`f~;

Dcb¨vm : Ai‡Y¨i w`bivwÎ, AvZ¥cªKvk, cÖwZØ›Øx, †mB mgq, c~e©-cwðg, cÖ_g Av‡jv;

wkïmvwnZ¨ : KvKvevey-mš ‘|

mybxj M‡½vcva¨v‡qi ÔivwÎi iu‡`fzÕ Kve¨MÖ‡š’i Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvwU Ômybxj M‡½vcva¨v‡qi †kÖô KweZvÕ MÖš’

†_‡K m¤úv`bv K‡i msKjb Kiv n‡q‡Q| gvby‡li Rxe‡b ˆkk‡ei gayi ¯§„wZ I eÜz‡Z¡i Dci ¸iæZ¡ w`‡qB †jLK

Zuvi GB KweZvwU iPbv K‡i‡Qb| †`k wefv‡M †jLK Zuvi eÜzi KvQ †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q co‡jI Zuvi g‡b †h G

†`‡ki cÖwZ Ges †`‡ki gvby‡li cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv ZvB wZwb G KweZvwU‡Z Dc ’vcb Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb|

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

MÖvg-evsjvi g‡bvig cwi‡e‡ki weeiY w`‡Z cvi‡eb;

wn› y-gymjgv‡bi wgwjZ Rxe‡bi †mŠ›`h© e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

†`kfv‡Mi Kvi‡Y wew”Qbœ gvby‡li †e`bvi ¯iƒc we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

f~wgKv

Kwe-cwiwPwZ

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KweZvÑ184 SSC-1651

g‡b c‡o †mB mycywi Mv‡Qi mvwi

Zvi cv‡k g„ y †R¨vrmœv gvLv‡bv MÖvg

gvwUi †`qv‡j Muv_v Avgv‡`i evwo

†QvU †QvU my‡L wmœ» gb¯‹vg|

cowk b`xwU aby‡Ki g‡Zv euvKv

Diæ †Wvev R‡j mvivw`b LybïwU

euv‡ki muv‡KvwU wkï wkíxi AuvKv

†njv‡bv e‡Ui Wv‡j †`vj Lvq QzwU|

Gcv‡i Icv‡i wXj Quy‡o WvKvWvwK

Iw`‡Ki MÖv‡g †ivÏyi wKQz †ewk

Qvqv †Vuv‡U wb‡q D‡o hvq KÕwU cvwL

fiv †bŠKvq Mvb Mvq wfb‡`wk|

Avgvi eÜz AvRv‡bi my‡i Rv‡M

Avgvi `yÕ‡Pv‡L ZL‡bv ¯cœjZv

†fv‡ii Kzmyg Icv‡i dz‡U‡Q Av‡M

Gcv‡i wkwki cZ‡bi bxieZv|

Avgvi eÜz eû SMovi mv_x

K_vq K_vq GB fve GB Avwo

gvi Kv‡Q wM‡q cvkvcvwk nvZ cvwZ

Mve Mv‡Q D‡V †m-nv‡ZB KvovKvwo|

Avgvi eÜz `ywbqv`vwii ivRv

wg‡_¨ K_vq RMr mfvq †miv

†`vl bv K‡iI wcV †c‡Z †bq mvRv

Avwg †`wL Zvi mnvm¨ gy‡L †div|

Avgv‡`i QzwU gb e`‡ji †Ljv

Avgv‡`i QzwU Ai‡Y¨ †LuvRvLyuwR

Avgv‡`i QzwU nvwmÑKvbœvi †ejv

Avgv‡`i QzwU Bw½‡Z †evSveywS|

eÜz nviv‡j `ywbqvUv Luv Luv K‡i

†f‡O hvq MÖvg, b`xI ïK‡bv ay ay

†Ljvi e‡qm †c‡iv‡jI GKv N‡i

evi evi †`wL eÜziB gyL ïay|

muv‡KvwUi K_v g‡b Av‡Q, Av‡bvqvi?

GZ wKQz †Mj, muv‡KvwU GL‡bv Av‡Q

Gcvi Icvi ¯§„wZgq GKvKvi

muv‡KvUv `yj‡Q, GB Avwg †Zvi Kv‡Q|

g~jcvV

Page 67: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ185

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

Bw½ZÑ Bkviv; m‡¼Z| K_vq K_vq GB fve GB AvwoÑ m¤ú‡K©i Ae¯’v †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q; wbKUR‡bi mv‡_ bvbv

ai‡bi g‡bvgvwjb¨ n‡q _v‡K; K_v ej‡Z ej‡Z nq‡Zv yÕGKwU K_vq G‡K Ac‡ii gv‡S gbgvwjb¨ nq, Awfgvb

K‡i K_v eÜ iv‡L, Avevi m¤úK© ¯vfvweK n‡q hvqÑ G Ae¯’v †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q| KzmygÑ dzj| LybmywUÑ K…wÎg

weev`; KcU ivM; iv‡Mi Qj ev Awfgvb| †c‡iv‡jIÑ cvi n‡jI| fiv †bŠKvq Mvb Mvq wfb †`wkÑ b`xi `yÕcv‡oi

gvbyl hv‡`i †P‡b bv †Zgb Kv‡iv †bŠKv wb‡q hvZvqvZ Ki‡Z †`L‡Q| †`L‡Q Zv‡`iB b`x w`‡q Ab¨ †Kv‡bv

GjvKvi ev wfb‡`wk †Kv‡bv gvbyl Zvi fiv †bŠKvq g‡bi Avb‡›` Mvb †M‡q P‡j hv‡”Q| gb¯‹vgÑ g‡bi Avkv;

AvšÍwiK Kvgbv; evmbv| g„`yÑ ÿxY; Aby¾¡j| mnvm¨Ñ nvm¨iZ| muv‡KvÑ †mZz; cyj|

mvims‡ÿc :

b`xi `yB cv‡i w œ» my›`i `ywU MÖvg| gv‡S euv‡ki muv‡Kv| G MÖv‡g wn›`y m¤úª`v‡qi evm| Avi Iw`‡Ki MÖv‡g

gymjgv‡bi| `yB MÖv‡gi `ywU †Q‡j‡Z †eRvq eÜzZ¡| SMov-weev` nq| Avevi wg‡UI hvq| mvivw`b `yR‡b

wg‡jwg‡k _v‡K| GK Mv‡Qi dj fvM K‡i Lvq| myL-`ytL fvMvfvwM K‡i Avb›`gq w`b KvUvq| †`kfvM `yB

eÜzi g‡a¨ we‡”Q` wb‡q Av‡m| G NUbv `yB m¤úª`v‡qi m¤ú‡K©I dvUj aivq| wKš‘ `~‡i †M‡jB g‡bi Uvb †kl

n‡q hvq bv| ¯§„wZi muv‡KvUv gy‡Q hvIqvi bq|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvq Kwei eÜzi bvg Kx?

K. Kvgvj L. Av‡bvqvi M. LweiDwÏb N. Avmjvg

2. ÔK_vq K_vq GB fve GB AvwoÕ ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡QÑ

K. m¤ú‡K©i DòZv L. m¤úK©nxbZv M. m¤úK© †Q‡o †`Iqv N. m¤úK© Ry‡o †bIqv

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

Ôevsjvi fvM Kwievi cvwiQ, wKš‘ w`jUv‡i fvM Kievi cv‡iv bvB|Õ

3. DÏxcKwU Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvi †Kvb Pi‡Yi m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y©?

i. †f‡O hvq MÖvg, b`xI ïK‡bv ayay ii. Avgv‡`i QzwU gb e`‡ji †Ljv

iii. GZ wKQ z †Mj, muv‡KvwU GL‡bv Av‡Q

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. i, ii I iii

4. DÏxcK Ges Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvq †h welqwU cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡QÑ

K. ¯§„wZ L. †`kfvM M. eÜzZ¡ N. ms¯‹…wZ

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

5. Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvq Kwei eÜz Kx‡mi ivRv?

K. ¯‡M©i ivRv L. g‡Z¨©i ivRv M. `ywbqv`vixi ivRv N. cvZv‡ji ivRv

6. eÜzZ¡ nviv‡j `ywbqvUv †hgb nqÑ

K. Avb‡›` f‡i I‡V L. welv‡` f‡i I‡V M. Luv Luv K‡i I‡V N. †Kvjvn‡j f‡i I‡V

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co yb Ges 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

†UvKv w`‡j S‡i co‡e cyi‡bv ay‡jv

†Pv‡Li †KvYvq Rgv GK‡duvUv Rj|

Page 68: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ186 SSC-1651

7. DÏxc‡K Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q?

K. wein L. AvZ¥wb‡e`b M. ¯§„wZ N. we¯§„wZ

8. DÏxc‡Ki Abyfe Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvi †h Pi‡Y cÖKvk †c‡q‡QÑ

K. Avgv‡`i QzwU Bw½‡Z †evSveywS| L. Avwg †`wL Zvi mnvm¨ gy‡L †div

M. †Ljvi eqm †c‡iv‡jI GKv N‡i N. Gcvi Icvi ¯§„wZgq GKvKvi

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

A‡bK w`b g„Zz¨Ä‡qi †`Lv bvB| GKw`b †kvbv †Mj †m gi-gi| Avi GKw`b †kvbv †Mj, gv‡jvcvovi GK eyov

gv‡jv Zvnvi wPwKrmv Kwiqv Ges Zvnvi †g‡q wejvmx †mev Kwiqv g„Zz¨Äq‡K h‡gi gyL nB‡Z G hvÎv wdivBqv

Avwbqv‡Q| A‡bK w`b Zvnvi wgóv‡bœi mبq KwiqvwQÑ gbUv †Kgb Kwi‡Z jvwMj, GKw`b mܨvi AÜKv‡i jyKvBqv

Zvnv‡K †`wL‡Z †Mjvg| Zvnvi †cv‡ovevwo‡Z cÖvPx‡ii evjvB bvB| ¯”Q‡›` wfZ‡i XzwKqv †`wL, N‡ii `iRv †Lvjv,

†ek D¾¡j, GKwU cÖ`xc R¡wj‡Z‡Q, Avi wVK mygy‡LB Z³‡cv‡li Dci cwi®‹vi aea‡e weQvbvq g„Zz¨Äq ïBqv

Av‡Q, Zvnvi K¼vjmvi †`‡ni cÖwZ Pvwn‡jB eySv hvq, ev¯ÍweK hgivR †Póvi ÎæwU wKQz K‡ib bvB, Z‡e †kl ch©šÍ

myweav Kwiqv DwV‡Z cv‡ib bvB|

K. mybxj M‡½vcva¨vq m¤úvw`Z mvwnZ¨ cwÎKvi bvg Kx?

L. ÔLybmywUÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?

M. DÏxcKwU Ômuv‡KvwU `yj‡QÕ KweZvi †Kvb wel‡qi m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y©? ÑAv‡jvPbv Ki yb|

N. Òwew”QbœZv bq, gvby‡li m‡½ gvby‡li fv‡jvevmvi m¤úK©B †gŠwjK|Ó ÑDÏxcK I Ômuv‡KvwU yj‡QÕ

KweZvi Av‡jv‡K gšÍe¨wU g~j¨vqb Kiyb|

bgybv DËi : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K. Kwe mybxj M‡½vcva¨vq m¤úvw`Z mvwnZ¨ cwÎKvi bvg n‡”Q ÔK„wËevmÕ|

L. ÔLybmywUÕ ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q KcU ivM ev Awfgvb‡K|

gvby‡li Rxebµ‡gi cÖv_wgK ch©vq n‡”Q ˆkke| ‰kk‡e †Ljvi A‡bK m½x-mv_x _v‡K| Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ

KweZvq Kwei †Q‡j‡ejvi eÜz Av‡bvqvi| Kwei m‡½B Zvi †evSvcov| Kwe †hLv‡b eo n‡q‡Qb †mLv‡b evwoi

cv‡kB aby‡Ki g‡Zv euvKv GKwU b`x Av‡Q| †mLv‡b Kwe I Zvi eÜz Av‡bvqvi mvivw`b †Ljv Ki‡Zb| b`xi

R‡j Diæ Wzwe‡q Zv‡`i Avb›` nZ| GiB g‡a¨ Zv‡`i SMov nZ| Zviv K…wÎg weev‡` wjß n‡Zb| ÿwYK

mg‡qi e¨eav‡b Zv‡`i Avevi wgj n‡q †hZ| eÜz‡Z¡i g‡a¨ KcU ivM ev iv‡Mi Qjbv‡K Kwe ÔLybmywUÕ e‡j

D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb|

M. eÜzi cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv I mngwg©Zvi welqwU‡Z DÏxcK Ges Ômvu‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvi mv „k¨ i‡q‡Q|

gvbyl mvgvwRK Rxe| mgv‡R †m GKvKx evm Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| ZvB Zvi eÜz‡Z¡i cÖ‡qvRb nq|eÜz‡Z¡i eÜb

ü`‡qi cÖvY cÖevn| ü`‡qi Uvb, ggZ¡‡eva, e¨³-Ae¨³ fve cÖKv‡ki GKUv ejq n‡”Q eÜz‡Z¡i eÜb| eÜzZ¡

Abyf‡ei I Dcjwäi welq| eÜziv GKm‡½ wgwjZ nq cÖv‡Yi Uv‡b, cÖv‡Yi cÖ‡qvR‡b|

DÏxc‡K †`wL g„Zy¨Ä‡qi GK eÜz DÏxc‡Ki K_K Zvi Amy ’Zvi Lei †c‡q †LuvR wb‡Z Av‡m| DÏxc‡Ki

K_K G‡m †`‡L Zvi eÜz g„Zz¨Äq mvcy‡oi †g‡q wejvmxi AvkÖ‡q i‡q‡Q| g„Zz¨Äq n‡”Q Kvq ’ N‡ii mšÍvb Avi

wejvmx wbPz N‡ii †g‡q| mvgvwRK Kvi‡Y wejvmx Ges g„Zz¨Ä‡qi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv m¤úK© ˆZwi n‡Z cv‡i bv| d‡j

DÏxc‡Ki K_K‡K mܨvi AÜKv‡i jywK‡q g„Zz¨Äq‡K †`L‡Z Avm‡Z nq| MíK_K eÜz‡Z¡i Pig civKvôv

†`wL‡q‡Q| mvgvwRK †Kv‡bv evav ev ag©xq †Kv‡bv cªwZeÜKZv eÜz‡Z¡i m¤ú‡K©i †ÿ‡Î cÖvPxi Zz‡j `uvov‡Z

cv‡iwb| Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvq KweÕi w`b Kv‡U eÜz Av‡bvqv‡ii m‡½| eÜzi m‡½ KweÕi GB Avwo Avevi

GB fve| `yR‡bB cÖkÖq cvq gv‡qi Kv‡Q| Gfv‡eB nq‡Zv w`b †K‡U †h‡Z cvi‡Zv| wKš‘ 1947 mv‡j fviZ

wefvM n‡j `yÕeÜz `yR‡bi wbKU †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q c‡o| Kwe mn‡R f yj‡Z cv‡ibwb Zvi eÜz Av‡bvqvi‡K| eo

n‡q ZvB eÜz Av‡bvqv‡ii K_v g‡b c‡o| DÏxc‡Ki K_K mgv‡Ri †eovRvj wWw½‡q iv‡Zi Auvav‡i eÜz

Page 69: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ187

g„Zz¨Äq‡K †`L‡Z G‡m‡Q| Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvqI eÜz eÜzi Rb¨ `ytmn I gg©vwšÍK cxo‡b fz‡M‡Q|

Dfq‡ÿ‡ÎB eÜzi Rb¨ AK…wÎg fv‡jvevmv cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| ZvB ejv hvq, eÜzi Rb¨ fv‡jvevmv cÖKv‡ki

welqwU‡Z DÏxcK I Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q|

N. DÏxcK Ges Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvq gvby‡li m‡½ gvby‡li fv‡jvevmvi †gŠwjK w`KwUB dz‡U D‡V‡Q|

eÜz‡Z¡i m¤úK© eoB gayi| G m¤ú‡K© ü`‡qi AbvwejZv _v‡K| AšÍ‡ii Uvb _v‡K `ye©vi| eÜz mngg©x I

ü`q¯úk©x| G m¤ú‡K© ag©, †MvÎ, eY© I RvZxqZvi †Kv‡bv evjvB _v‡K bv| †Kv‡bv evavi †`qvjB eÜz‡Zi¡

w`jUv‡K fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| eÜz‡`i g‡a¨ KL‡bv Avwo nq| Avevi P‡j gb e`‡ji †Ljv| KL‡bv †`Lv hvq

Avb‡›`i cÖvYcÖevn, Avevi KL‡bv Kvbœvi †fjv| we‡kl K‡i ‰kk‡ei eÜzZ¡ eo ¯§„wZgq| ‰kk‡ei eÜz‡`i K_v

KL‡bv †fvjv hvq bv| GKK_vq ejv hvq gvby‡li Rxe‡b eÜz‡Zi¡ m¤úK© iƒc-im I Avb‡›` ficyi|

DÏxc‡K MíK_K Zvi eÜz g„Zz¨Ä‡qi K_v e‡j‡Q| †m †QvU‡ejvq g„Zz¨Ä‡qi wgwói mبenvi K‡i‡Q| eÜzi cÖwZ

Zvi K…ZÁZv‡eva i‡q‡Q| mgv‡Ri wbg©gZvi Kvi‡Y †m cÖKv‡k¨ eÜz‡K †`L‡Z †h‡Z cv‡iwb| Z‡e mܨvi

AÜKv‡i wVKB g„Zz¨Ä‡qi m‡½ †`Lv Ki‡Z hvq| G‡ÿ‡Î mgvR wKsev ag© Zv‡`i eÜz‡Z¡i m¤ú‡K© evav n‡q

`uvov‡Z cv‡iwb| Ab¨w`‡K Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvq AviI gg©¯úkx© iƒ‡c eÜy‡Z¡i wein †e`bv cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|

KweZvwU‡Z Kwe Ges Zvi eÜz Av‡bvqvi eÜze„‡Ëi g‡a¨ emevm K‡iB Avb‡›`i ˆkke KvUvw”Q‡jb| wKš‘ †Mvj

euvavq 1947 mv‡ji †`kwefvM| `yÕeÜz `yR‡bi wbKU †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q c‡ob| eo `ytmn G ¯§„wZ, eo

gg©vwšÍK| eo n‡q ZvB Kwei g‡b c‡o Zvi eÜzi K_v| g‡b c‡o evwoi cv‡ki b`xi Dci †mZzwUi K_v| Kwe

e‡jb,ÔGcvi Icvi ¯§„wZgq GKvKvi muv‡KvUv `yj‡Q, GB Avwg †Zvi Kv‡Q|Õ Zuvi Kv‡Q g‡b n‡q‡Q muv‡KvwU

†hb GL‡bv Kwe I Zvi eÜz Av‡bvqv‡ii eÜz‡Z¡i cÖZxK n‡q AvRI `yj‡Q| Gfv‡eB Kwei fv‡jvevmv cÖKvwkZ

n‡q‡Q Zvi eÜzi cÖwZ| DÏxc‡K hw`I †cÖÿvcUwU wfbœ Z_vwc †mLv‡bI g„Zzćqi cÖwZ MíK_‡Ki AMva

fv‡jvevmv cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| eÜz‡Z¡i eÜb wPišÍb| †Kv‡bv evavB eÜz‡Z¡i m¤ú‡K© dvUj aiv‡Z cv‡i bv|

Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvq Ômuv‡KvÕwU Ggb GK eÜy‡Z¡i cÖZxK n‡q Av‡Q| Kwei Kv‡Q g‡b nq †mB muv‡KvwU †hb

GL‡bv `yj‡Q| GB muv‡KvwUB †hb wgwj‡q w`‡Z PvB‡Q ˆkk‡ei `yB eÜz‡K| hw`I ev¯Í‡e GiKg NUbv NUvi

m¤¢vebv †bB| DÏxc‡KI †`Lv hvq g„Zz¨Ä‡qi eÜz AšÍ‡ii nvZQvwb‡Z mvov w`‡q‡Q| eÜzi wec‡`i mgq mܨvi

AÜKv‡i g„Zz¨Ä‡qi wbKU Dcw ’Z n‡q‡Q| mgvR, ag© wKsev bxwZ‡eva eÜz‡Z¡i gvbweK m¤ú‡K© †Kv‡bv

cÖwZeÜKZv m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| DÏxc‡K wKQzUv wfbœZv _vK‡jI ZvB Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZv Ges DÏxc‡Ki

Av‡jv‡K ejv hvq Ôwew”QbœZv bq, gvby‡li m‡½ gvby‡li fv‡jvevmvi m¤úK©B †gŠwjKÕ gšÍe¨wU h_v_© n‡q‡Q|

A¨vmvBb‡g›U : wb‡R Kiæb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

A‡bK w`b c‡i KivwP‡Z kwn` †mvnivIqvw`© hLb †ivM kh¨vq kvwqZ ZLb w`jxc Kzgv‡ii GKwU wPwV wZwb

†c‡qwQ‡jb| Zvi Aby‡iv‡a wPwVUv Ly‡j Avwg Zv‡K c‡o ïwb‡qwQjvg| w`jxc Kzgvi †mB wPwV‡Z kwn‡`i Amy ’Zvi

msev‡` e¨vw_Z n‡qwQ‡jb| †m K_v wj‡LwQ‡jb Ges Rvb‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb †h wZwb Zvi Rb¨ wKQz Ki‡Z cv‡ib wK

bv| wPwVi cvV †kl n‡j Avwg jÿ Kijvg †h kwn` †mvnivIqvw`©i †PvL w`‡q cvwb Mwo‡q co‡Q|

K Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvq Kwe I Zvi eÜz †Kvb Mv‡Q DV‡Zb?

L. Ôevi evi †`wL eÜziB gyL ïay|Õ ÑeywS‡q wjL yb|

M. DÏxcK I Ômuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvi ‰emv`„k¨¸‡jv Av‡jvPbv Ki yb|

N Òmuv‡KvUv `yj‡QÕ KweZvi eÜzi cÖwZ AK…wÎg fv‡jvevmv DÏxc‡KI cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|Ó Ñwe‡kølY Ki yb|

DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. L 2. K 3. M 4. K 5. M 6. M 7. M 8. N

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KweZvÑ188 SSC-1651

Avgvi cwiPq

ˆmq` kvgmyj nK

ˆmq` kvgmyj nK 1935 mv‡ji 27 wW‡m¤i KzwoMÖvg kn‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi wcZv Wv. ˆmq` wmwÏK nymvBb

Ges gv ˆmq`v nvwjgv LvZzb| wZwb 1950 mv‡j K…wZ‡Z¡i m‡½ g¨vwUªK cvk K‡ib Ges GK eQi weiwZ w`‡q RMbœv_

K‡j‡R fwZ© nb I †mLvb †_‡K B›UviwgwW‡qU cvk K‡ib| 1954 mv‡j wZwb XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Bs‡iwR wefv‡M

fwZ© n‡q wKQzw`b covïbv K‡ib wKš‘ Zv †kl K‡ibwb| †mB †_‡K wZwb †jLv‡jwL‡K GKgvÎ eªZ wn‡m‡e †e‡Q

wb‡q‡Qb| mvsevw`KZvi m‡½ wZwb wKQyw`b hy³ wQ‡jb| Kwe, MíKvi, Jcb¨vwmK, bvU¨Kvi, wPÎbvU¨‡jLK Ges

Av‡iv wewPÎ mvwnZ¨-wkíavivi KxwZ©gvb ªóv wZwb| me¨mvPx †jLK wn‡m‡e wZwb AwaK cwiwPZ| Aweivg wewPÎZvi

c‡_ Pjgvb GB Kwe I †jL‡Ki m„wó‡Z D‡V G‡m‡Q bvbv welq| gvÎ 29 eQi eq‡m wZwb evsjv GKv‡Wwg cyi¯‹vi

cvb| GQvovI wZwb GKz‡k c`K, ¯vaxbZv c`K, AvjvIj mvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi, bvwmiæwÏb ¯Y©c`Kmn wewfbœ c yi¯‹vi I

m¤§vbbvq f~wlZ nb| ˆmq` kvgmyj nK 2016 mv‡ji 27 †m‡Þ¤i XvKvi GKwU nvmcvZv‡j g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib|

Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ iPbv :

Kve¨MÖš’ : GK`v GK iv‡R¨, weiwZnxb Drme, ˆekv‡L iwPZ cO&w³gvjv, civ‡Yi Mnxb wfZi, AwMœ I

R‡ji KweZv, Avwg Rb¥MÖnY Kwiwb, ivR‰bwZK KweZv;

Dcb¨vm : GK gwnjvi Qwe, mxgvbv Qvwo‡q, †Ljvivg †L‡j hv, i³‡Mvjvc, wbwl× †jvevb, bxj `skb;

bvUK : cv‡qi AvIqvR cvIqv hvq, b~ij`x‡bi mvivRxeb, GLv‡b GLb, Cl©v|

ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvwU ˆmq` kvgmyj n‡Ki ÔwK‡kvi KweZv mgMÖÕ †_‡K m¤úvw`Z AvKv‡i Pqb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

AvZ¥gh©v`v‡eva m¤úbœ ¯vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`‡ki RvwZmËv MV‡bi †cQ‡b i‡q‡Q mg„× BwZnvm, HwZn¨ I

ms¯‹…wZi cUf‚wg| KweZvwUi gva¨‡g †jLK evOvwj RvwZi eZ©gvb Ae ’vi †cQ‡bi ewY©j BwZnv‡mi K_v Zz‡j

a‡i‡Qb| BwZnv‡mi avivevwnK weeZ©‡b evOvwj RvwZ †mB my`xN© msMÖvgx BwZnvm, HwZn¨, ms¯‹…wZi cwiPq Ges

K…wZ mšÍvb‡`i †hb fz‡j bv hvq †mB kÖ×v †eva †_‡KB wZwb KweZvwU iPbv K‡i‡Qb|

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

evOvwj Rb‡Mvôxi BwZnvm-HwZ‡n¨i ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Dcv`vb¸‡jvi weeiY w`‡Z cvi‡eb;

evOvwj RvwZi Amv¤úª`vwqK I †f`wePvinxb Aw ͇Z¡i Zvrch© e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

f~wgKv

Kwe-cwiwPwZ

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SSC-1651 KweZvÑ189

Avwg R‡b¥wQ evsjvq, Avwg evsjvq K_v ewj,

Avwg evsjvi Avjc_ w`‡q nvRvi eQi Pwj|

Pwj cwjgvwU †Kvg‡j Avgvi Pjvi wPý †d‡j|

†Z‡ivkZ b`x ïavq Avgv‡K, Ô†Kv_v †_‡K Zzwg G‡j?Õ

Avwg †Zv G‡mwQ Ph©vc‡`i Aÿi¸‡jv †_‡K|

Avwg †Zv G‡mwQ mI`vM‡ii wWOvi eni †_‡K|

Avwg †Zv G‡mwQ ˆKe‡Z©i we‡`ªvnx MÖvg †_‡K|

Avwg †Z G‡mwQ cvjhyM bv‡g wPÎKjvi †_‡K|

G‡mwQ evOvwj cvnvocy‡ii †eŠ×wenvi †_‡K|

G‡mwQ evOvwj †Rvoevsjvi gw›`i-†ew` †_‡K|

G‡mwQ evOvwj e‡i›`ªf~‡g †mvbv gmwR` †_‡K|

G‡mwQ evOvwj AvDj-evDj gvwUi †`Dj †_‡K|

Avwg †Zv G‡mwQ mve©‡fŠg ev‡iv f~uBqvi †_‡K|

Avwg †Zv G‡mwQ ÔKgjvi `xwNÕ, Ôgûqvi cvjvÕ †_‡K|

Avwg †Zv G‡mwQ wZZzgxi Avi nvRx kwiqZ †_‡K|

Avwg †Zv G‡mwQ MxZvÄwj I AwMœ-exYvi †_‡K|

G‡mwQ evOvwj ÿ zw`ivg Avi m~h© †m‡bi †_‡K|

G‡mwQ evOvwj Rqbyj Avi Aeb VvKzi †_‡K|

G‡mwQ evOvwj ivóªfvlvi jvj ivRc_ †_‡K|

G‡mwQ evOvwj e½eÜz †kL gywReyi †_‡K|

Avwg †h G‡mwQ Rqevsjvi eRªKÉ †_‡K|

Avwg †h G‡mwQ GKvˇii gyw³hy× †_‡K|

G‡mwQ Avgvi †cQ‡b nvRvi PiYwPý †d‡j|

ïavI Avgv‡K ÔGZ`~i Zzwg †Kvb †cÖiYvq G‡j?Õ

Z‡e Zzwg eywS evOvwj RvwZi exRgš¿wU †kvb bvB Ñ

Ômevi Dc‡i gvbyl mZ¨, Zvnvi Dc‡i bvB|Õ

GKmv‡_ AvwQ, GKmv‡_ euvwP, AvRI GKmv‡_ _vKeB Ñ

me we‡f‡`i †iLv gy‡Q w`‡q mv‡g¨i Qwe AuvKeB|

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

AwMœ-exYvÑ RvZxq Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g Kve¨MÖš’|

Aeb VvKziÑ Aebx›`ªbv_ VvKzi (1871Ñ1951 wLª.) KjKvZvi †Rvovmuv‡Kvi VvKzi cwiev‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib; wZwb

weL¨vZ wPÎwkíx; Z‡e wkïmvwnwZ¨K wn‡m‡eI wZwb AmvaviY cÖwZfvi cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb| Avjc_Ñ Rwgi mxgvbvi

c_; GLv‡b nvRvi eQi a‡i evOvwj RvwZi c_ Pjvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| Kgjvi `xwNÑ ˆggbwmsn MxwZKvi GKwU

cvjv|

ˆKeZ© we‡`ªvnÑ AvbygvwbK 100-75 wLª÷v‡ã gnxcv‡ji weiæ‡× AbšÍ-mvgšÍ-Pµ wgwjZ n‡q †h we‡`ªvn K‡ib Zv-B

Avgv‡`i BwZnv‡m ˆKeZ© we‡`ªvn bv‡g L¨vZ; GB we‡`ªv‡ni †bZv wQ‡jb ˆKeZ© m¤úª`v‡qi †jvK; Zuvi bvg w`e¨ ev

w`‡e¦vK; evOvwj RvwZi we‡`ªv‡ni HwZn¨ †evSv‡Z GB we‡`ªv‡ni D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|

g~jcvV

Page 72: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ190 SSC-1651

ÿzw`ivgÑ ÿzw`ivg emy (1889-1908 wLª.) †gw`bxcyi †Rjvi †gŠewb MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib; ˆkke †_‡KB weªwUk

we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡bi m‡½ RwoZ wQ‡jb; AZ¨vPvix g¨vwR‡÷ªU wKsm‡dvW©‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z wM‡q fzjekZ `yBRb

Bs‡iR gwnjv‡K nZ¨v K‡ib; 1908 mv‡ji 11B AvM÷ GB gnvb wec−exi duvwmi Av‡`k Kvh©Ki nq|

PiYwPýÑ c` wPý, cv‡qi Qvc| Ph©vc`Ñ evsjv fvlv I mvwnZ¨-HwZ‡n¨i cÖ_g wb`k©b; nicÖmv` kv ¿x †bcvj †_‡K

Ph©vc‡`i cvÐzwjwc D×vi K‡ib; QqkZ kZvãx †_‡K GMvik kZ‡Ki g‡a¨ c`¸‡jv iwPZ n‡q‡Q; GB c`¸‡jvi

g‡a¨ cÖvPxb evsjvi AwZ mvaviY gvby‡li cÖvYgq Rxeb wPÎ dz‡U D‡V‡Q| wPÎKjvÑ Qwe AuvKvi we`¨v, c·jLv,

bKkv| RqbyjÑ Rqbyj Av‡ew`b (1914-1976 wLª.) wK‡kviM‡Äi †K›`yqv _vbvq Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib; ÔwkívPvh©Õ wn‡m‡e

wZwb L¨vZ; †`kR BwZnvm, HwZn¨ I ms¯‹…wZi cUf~wg‡Z Zuvi wecyj wkíKg© iwPZ; `ywf©ÿ ZvwoZ Rxeb I RM‡Zi

Qwe Gu‡K wZwb Amvgvb¨ GK Rxeb-Z…òvi cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb; evsjv‡`‡k wkíKjv Av‡›`vj‡bi wZwb cw_K…r|

RqevsjvÑ gyw³hy‡×i mg‡q RvZxq † øvMvb wn‡m‡e AmvaviY GK †cÖiYv mÂvix kãgvjv; GB † øvMvb HK¨ I

msnwZi cÖZxK|

wZZzgxiÑ PweŸk ciMbv †Rjvi nvq`icyi MÖv‡g 1782 mv‡j gxi wbmvi Avjx Ii‡d wZZzgxi Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib; wZwb

AZ¨vPvix Bs‡iRx I wn›`y Rwg`vi‡`i weiæ‡× `xN©w`b msMÖvg K‡i‡Qb; 1831 mv‡ji 19†k b‡f¤^i Bs‡iR evwnbxi

m‡½ jovB K‡i wZwb kwn` nb| †`DjÑ †`evjq|

cvjhyMÑ 750 wLªóv‡ã †Mvcv‡ji ivR¨ kvm‡bi ga¨ w`‡q e‡½ cvjhy‡Mi m~Pbv nq; Zvici PvikZ eQi cvj es‡ki

ivRZ¡ wU‡K wQj; G mgq wkí-mvwn‡Z¨i Amvgvb¨ weKvk mvwaZ nq; wPÎKjvqI GB mg‡qi mg„w× jÿ‡hvM¨; Kwe

Avgv‡`i wk‡íi mg„× HwZn¨ †evSv‡Z cvjhy‡Mi wPÎKjvi D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb|

cvnvocy‡ii †eŠ×wenviÑ eZ©gvb bIMuv †Rjvi e`jMvwQ _vbvq cvnvocyi MÖv‡g GB cÖvPxb wenvi Aew ’Z; 1879

mv‡j m¨vi Kvwbsnvg GB wekvj KxwZ© Avwe®‹vi K‡ib; wØZxq cvj ivRv kÖx ag©cvj‡`e (ivRZ¡Kvj 777-810 wLª.)

GB wekvj wenvi ˆZwi K‡iwQ‡jb; G‡K †mvgcyi wenviI ejv nq; c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wenvi¸‡jvi g‡a¨ GwU

Ab¨Zg; Kwe Avgv‡`i cZœZvwË¡K HwZ‡n¨i cwiPq w`‡Z cvnvocy‡ii †eŠ×wenv‡ii D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb|

e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvbÑ e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb (1920Ñ1975 wLª.) †MvcvjMÄ †Rjvi Uzw½cvov MÖv‡g

Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib; evOvwj RvwZi wZwb Awemsevw`Z †bZv, RvwZi wcZv; Zuvi we¯§qKi cÖwZfv`xß †bZ…‡Z¡ `xN©

msMÖv‡gi c_ AwZµg K‡i 1971 mv‡j evsjv‡`k ¯vaxbZvhy‡× Rqjvf K‡i; wZwb Avgv‡`i ¯vaxbZvi cÖZxK,

gyw³i cÖZxK, mg„w×i cÖZxK|

e‡i›`ªf~‡g †mvbvgmwR`Ñ e‡i›`ªf~‡g †mvbvgmwR` ej‡Z PuvcvB beveMÄ †Rjvq Aew ’Z †QvU †mvbvgmwR`‡K

†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q; eo †mvbvgmwR` fvi‡Zi †MŠ‡o Aew ’Z; †nv‡mb kv‡ni (ivRZ¡Kvj 1493-1519 wLª.) Avg‡j

GB gmwR`wU wbwg©Z nq; AmvaviY wkí‡mŠ›`h©gwÐZ ’vcZ¨Kg© wn‡m‡e †mvbvgmwR` Ab¨Zg; Kwe Avgv‡`i gymwjg

HwZ‡n¨i mygnvb wb`k©b wn‡m‡e D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb|

†ew`Ñ c~Rvi Rb¨ cÖ ‘Z D”Pf‚wg| gûqvi cvjvÑ ˆggbwmsn MxwZKvi GKwU cvjv| ivóªfvlvi jvj ivRc_Ñ 1952

mv‡j ivóªfvlv evsjvi AwaKv‡ii Rb¨ G‡`‡ki gvby‡li i‡³ iwÄZ n‡q‡Q XvKvi ivRc_| Avi †mB ivóªfvlv

Av‡›`vj‡bi mvd‡j¨i c_ a‡iB m~wPZ nq ¯vaxbZv Av‡›`vjb| †cÖiYvÑ Drmvn, DÏxcbv, cÖe„wË BZ¨vw`i mÂvi,

cÖej D”Q¡vm| mvg¨Ñ mgZv| MxZvÄwjÑ wek¦Kwe iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii Kve¨MÖš’| mI`vM‡ii wWOvi eniÑ g½jKv‡e¨

Puv` mI`vM‡ii evwY‡R¨i K_v Av‡Q| Kwe Avgv‡`i e¨emv-evwY‡R¨i HwZn¨ †evSv‡Z GB †jvKKvwnbxi AvkÖq MÖnY

K‡i‡Qb|

mve©‡fŠg ev‡iv f~uBqvÑ evsjvq cvVvb Ki&ivbx es‡ki ivRZ¡ `ye©j n‡q co‡j Lyjbv, ewikvj, †mvbviMuvI, gqgbwmsn

I kªxn‡Æ ¯vaxb Rwg`vi‡`i DÌvb N‡U; 1575 mv‡j †gvMj m¤ªvU AvKei evsjv Rq Kivi ci GB ¯vaxb

Rwg`viMY Cmv Luvi †bZ…‡Z¡ HK¨e× n‡q †gvMj kw³i weiæ‡× iæ‡L `uvovb; BwZnv‡m GuivB ev‡ivf~uBqv bv‡g

cwiwPZ; Guiv n‡jb Ckv Luv, Puv` ivq, †K`vi ivq, cÖZvcvw`Z¨, j²Y gvwYK¨ cÖgyL|

m~h© †mbÑ gv÷vi `v m~h© †mb (1893-1934 wLª.) PÆMÖvg †Rjvi ivDRvb _vbvi †bvqvcvov MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib;

AvRxeb wZwb weªwUk‡`i weiæ‡× mk ¿ hy‡× wb‡qvwRZ wQ‡jb; 1930 mv‡j wZwb PÆMÖvg‡K Bs‡iRgy³ K‡i ¯vaxbZv

†NvlYv K‡ib; wKš‘ †ewkw`b Zv iÿv Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb; 1934 mv‡ji 12B Rvbyqvwi Zuvi duvwm nq|

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SSC-1651 KweZvÑ191

nvRx kixqZÑ nvRx kixqZDjøvn (1781-1840 wLª.) gv`vixcyi †Rjvi wkePi _vbvi mvgvBj MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib|

wZwb `xN©Kvj g°vq Ae¯’vb K‡i Bmjvg ag© wel‡q AMva cvwÐZ¨ AR©b K‡ib; wZwb ag©‡K AvkÖq K‡i mKj

Kzms¯‹v‡ii weiæ‡× †mv”Pvi nb; Zuvi GB Av‡›`vjb‡K div‡qwR Av‡›`vjb e‡j; Gici wZwb Ave`yj Inve bvgK

GK ag©ms¯‹vi‡Ki gZv`‡k© wek¦vmx n‡q Invwe Av‡›`vj‡bi m‡½ hy³ nb; wZwb mvaviY gvbyl‡K a‡g©i cÖK…Z i~c I

Zv‡`i AwaKvi m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb Kivi †Póv K‡i‡Qb; GQvov we‡`wk kvmb-†kvlY, Rwg`vi, †RvZ`vi I gnvRb‡`i

AZ¨vPvi †_‡K gvbyl‡K gy³ Kivi Rb¨ Av‡›`vjb K‡ib|

mvims‡ÿc :

evOvwj RvwZi cÖv_wgK cwiPq GB †h, Zviv GB evsjvq R‡b¥‡Q, Ges evsjv fvlvq K_v e‡j| wKš‘ †PZbvi w`K

†_‡K, Aw ͇Z¡i w`K †_‡K, Zviv eû hy‡Mi AR©‡bi m‡½ hy³| evOvwj Rb‡Mvôx enb K‡i P‡j‡Q wn› y-†eŠ×-

gymjgvb ms¯‹…wZi bvbv Dcv`vb| Gi mv‡_ wg‡k‡Q AvDj-evDj ms¯‹…wZ Avi BwZnv‡mi bvbv NUbv| AZx‡Zi

nvRv‡iv PiYwPý G‡m wg‡j‡Q GKvˇii gnvb gyw³hy‡×| Gme HwZ‡n¨ Mov G Rb‡Mvôx Amv¤úª`vwqK Ges

gvbweK| we‡f`nxb mylg mgvR cÖwZôvB n‡e Avgv‡`i fwel¨r jÿ¨|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. Ph©vc‡`i cvÐzwjwc †K Avwe®‹vi K‡ib?

K. gnvg‡nvcva¨vq nicÖmv` kv¯¿x L. W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn

M. W. mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq N. W. Gbvgyj nK

2. †h Av‡›`vj‡bi mvd‡j¨i c_ a‡i evsjv‡`‡ki ¯vaxbZv Av‡mÑ

K. 1952 mv‡ji fvlv Av‡›`vjb L. 1969- Gi MYAfy¨Ìvb

M. 1954 mv‡ji hy³d«‡›Ui wbe©vPb N. 1962 mv‡ji wkÿv Av‡›`vjb

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

evsjv‡`‡ki mvs¯‹…wZK HwZn¨ eû cÖvPxb| Avw`Kvj n‡Z eZ©gvb ch©šÍ evsjvq †hvM n‡q‡Q we‡k¦i bvbv RvwZi

ms¯‹…wZ| G‡Z Avgv‡`i ms¯‹…wZ mg„× n‡q‡Q, eûgvwÎKZv jvf K‡i‡Q|

3. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ wb‡Pi †Kvb KweZvi mv „k¨ i‡q‡Q?

K. Avgvi mšÍvb L. cÖvY

M. Avgvi cwiPq N. muv‡KvUv `yj‡Q

4. GB mv`„‡k¨i KviY n‡”Q †h welqwUÑ

i. evsjvi HwZn¨

ii. evsjvi ms¯‹…wZ

iii. evsjvi m¤ú`

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii

M. iii N. i I ii

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

5. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq Kwe Kx‡mi Qwe AvuK‡Z †P‡q‡Qb?

K. hy‡×i L. we‡`ªv‡ni

M. aŸs‡mi N. mv‡g¨i

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KweZvÑ192 SSC-1651

6. ÔG‡mwQ evOvwj ÿzw`ivg Avi m~h©‡m‡bi †_‡K|Õ PiYwU‡Z cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡QÑ

i. evOvwji ¯vaxbZv ¯ú„nv

ii. evOvwji we‡`ªvnx †PZbv

iii. evOvwji HwZn¨ †PZbv

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii

M. iii N. i I ii

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

evsjv Avgvi Rxebvb›` evsjv cÖv‡Yi myi|

Avwg GKevi †`wL, evievi †`wL

†`wL evsjvi gyL|

7. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvi mv „k¨ i‡q‡QÑ

K. AvZ¥cwiP‡q L. ms¯‹…wZ‡Z

M. ivRbxwZ‡Z N. A_©bxwZ‡Z

8. DÏxcK I ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvi mv „‡k¨i g~‡j i‡q‡QÑ

K. GKvZ¥Zv‡eva L. mvgwMÖKZv

M. we‡`ªvnx †PZbv N. Av‡cvmKvwgZv

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

evsjv me© Hkxkw³i cxV¯’vb| †n_vq jÿ jÿ †hvMx-gywb-Fwl-Zc¯xi cxV ’vb, mgvwa; mn ª dwKi-`i‡ek Awj-

MvwRi `iMv cig cweÎ| †n_vq MÖv‡g nq AvRv‡bi mv‡_ k•LNÈvi aŸwb| GLv‡b †h kvmbKZ©v n‡q G‡m‡Q †mB

¯vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡i‡Q| evsjvi AvenvIqvq Av‡Q ¯vaxbZv g‡š¿i mÄxebx kw³| Avgv‡`i evsjv wbZ¨ gwngvgqx,

wbZ¨ my›`i, wbZ¨ cweÎ|

K. †eŠ× wenvi †Kv_vq Aew ’Z?

L. Ph©vc` Kx? ÑeywS‡q ejyb|

M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvi mv „k¨ wbY©q Ki yb|

N. DÏxc‡K ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvi AvswkK wPÎ dz‡U D‡V‡Q, c~Y©v½ Qwe D‡V Av‡mwb| ÑAv‡jvPbv

Kiyb|

bgybv DËi : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K. †eŠ×wenvi eZ©gvb bIMuv †Rjvi e`jMvwQ Dc‡Rjvi cvnvocyi MÖv‡g Aew ’Z|

L. ÔPh©vc`Õ cÖvPxb hy‡Mi evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i msKjb|

Ph©vc` G ch©šÍ cÖvß evsjv fvlv Ges mvwn‡Z¨iI cÖ_g wb`k©b| cwÐZ nicÖmv` kv ¿x †bcvj †_‡K Ph©vc‡`i

cvÐzwjwc D×vi K‡ib| Ph©vc‡`i iPbvKvj wLªw÷q Qq kZK †_‡K GKv`k kZK ch©šÍ| Kvnè cv I fymyKz cv

Ph©vc‡`i cÖavb Kweiƒ‡c cwiwPZ| Ph©vc`¸‡jv GKwU ag©xq Ave‡n iwPZ n‡jI G‡Z cÖvPxb evsjvi mvaviY

gvby‡li cÖvYgq Rxeb wPÎ dz‡U D‡V‡Q|

M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvi Amv¤úª`vwqK †PZbvi w`KwUi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q|

evOvwj RvwZmËvi GKwU mg„× AZxZ i‡q‡Q| GLvbKvi Awaevmxiv Awfbœ ms¯‹…wZ Ges Amv¤úª`vwqK †PZbvq

jvwjZ| evsjv‡`‡ki MÖvg¸‡jv‡Z bvbv m¤úª`v‡qi gvbyl evm K‡i| ZeyI GLvbKvi gvbyl evsjv fvlv I

ms¯‹…wZi e܇b Ave× n‡q HwZn¨gwÐZ AvZ¥xqZvi e܇b Ave× n‡q i‡q‡Q| evOvwj RvwZi GB Amv¤úª`vwqK

g‡bvfve `xN©w`‡bi| GLvbKvi mKj gvbyl Avb›`gq I †mŠnv`©¨c~Y© cwi‡e‡k emevm K‡i|

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SSC-1651 KweZvÑ193

DÏxc‡K ejv n‡q‡Q evsjv me© Hkxkw³i cxV¯’vb| GLv‡b jÿ jÿ †hvMx-gywb-Fwl-Zc¯xi Av Ívbv i‡q‡Q| G

f~wg mn ª dwKi-`i‡ek, Awj-MvwRi cig cweÎ `iMv aviY K‡i| GLvbKvi MÖv‡g AvRv‡bi mv‡_ †e‡R I‡V

k•LNÈvi aŸwb| ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvqI †`wL GK Amv¤úª`vwqK †PZbvi evsjv‡`k‡K| evsjvq GKBm‡½

MxZvÄwj Avi AwMœ-exYv AvMÖ‡ni e ‘| GLv‡b Aeb VvKzi, Rqbyj, ÿzw`ivg Avi wZZzwg‡ii †Kv‡bv cÖ‡f` Kiv

nq bv| Kwe e‡jb, GLv‡b Avgiv GKmv‡_ AvwQ, GKmv‡_ euvwP Ges AvRI GKmv‡_ _vKe| Avgiv me

we‡f‡`i †iLv gy‡Q w`‡q mv‡g¨i †PZbv AuvKe| e ‘Z evOvwj RvwZi msnwZ I HK¨ ej‡Z †M‡j GK I Awfbœ|

DÏxc‡K evOvwj RvwZi Amv¤úª`vwqK †PZbv cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvi KweI

Amv¤úª`vwqK †PZbvi ewntcÖKvk NwU‡q‡Qb| GB Amv¤úª`vwqK †PZbvi welqwU‡ZB DÏxcK I ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ

KweZvi mv „k¨ i‡q‡Q|

N. DÏxc‡K †Kej evOjvi Amv¤úª`vwqK †PZbvi welqwU D‡V G‡m‡Q, Ab¨vb¨ w`K dz‡U D‡Vwb|

evsjvi BwZnvm nvRvi eQ‡ii| Gi i‡q‡Q GKwU mg„× HwZn¨ I mvs¯‹…wZK cUf~wg| GLv‡b hy‡M hy‡M bvbv

Av‡›`vjb, wecøe, Avi gZv`‡k©i weKvk N‡U‡Q| BwZnv‡mi wewPÎ euvK I †gvo Ny‡i AvR Avgiv G‡m †cuŠ‡QwQ

AvR‡Ki evsjvq| evOvwji HwZ‡n¨ i‡q‡Q wecøe-we‡`ªvn, AvwZ‡_qZv, fvlv, ms¯‹…wZ BZ¨vw`|

DÏxc‡K evOvwj RvwZi Amv¤úª`vwqK Pwi‡Îi w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q| GLvbKvi MÖv‡g AvRv‡bi mv‡_ k•LNÈvi

aŸwb †e‡R I‡V| G f~wg jÿ jÿ gywb-Fwli cxV¯’vb| GLv‡b Av‡iv i‡q‡Q Awj-MvwRi cig cweÎ `iMv|

evsjv fvlv I ms¯‹…wZ‡K †K›`ª K‡i GLvbKvi gvbyl GK I Awfbœ †PZbvq wek¦vm K‡i| ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ

KweZvqI Amv¤úª`vwqK †PZbvi K_v dz‡U D‡V‡Q| KweZvwU‡Z Kwe e‡jb, evOvwj RvwZi g~jgš¿ n‡”Q mevi

Dc‡i gvbyl mZ¨| Avi evsjv‡`‡k Avgiv GKmv‡_ AvwQ, memgq GKmv‡_ _vKe| ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq

evOvwji fvlv I ms¯‹…wZ Qvov AviI A‡bK wel‡qi D‡jøL i‡q‡Q| KweZvq i‡q‡Q evOvwji Rxeb cÖevn, Drme,

bvP, Mvb, cvjv-cve©Y, wecøe-we‡`ªvn, Av‡›`vjb, msMÖvgx Rxeb| Kwe Av‡jvP¨ KweZvq evOvwji Rxe‡bi GKwU

avivµg‡K Dc ’vc‡bi †Póv K‡i‡Qb|

ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvwU evOvwj-BwZnv‡mi GKwU avivµg| DÏxc‡K GB avivµ‡gi gvÎ GKwU welq D‡jøwLZ

n‡q‡Q| DÏxc‡K ïay evOvwji Amv¤úª`vwqK †PZbvi eY©bvwUB D‡V G‡m‡Q| GLv‡b Ab¨ welq¸‡jv Av‡jvwPZ

nqwb| ZvB ejv hvq, DÏxc‡K ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvi AvswkK Qwe dz‡U D‡V‡Q, c~Y©v½ wPÎ ’vb cvqwb|

A¨vmvBb‡g›U : wb‡R Kiæb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

†MvcvjB cÖ_g h_v_© evOvwj whwb cvj ivRes‡ki cÖwZôv NUvb| G mg‡q GKwU ¯vaxb e½iv‡R¨i D™¢e N‡U| cvj

ivRes‡ki kvmbKv‡j RvwZ‡f` cÖ_vi we‡jvc N‡U, MYZ‡š¿i cÖwZ mg_©b †`Lv hvq, wPÎwkí I fv¯‹h© G A‡j

M‡o D‡V| me‡P‡q eoK_v, G mgq †eŠ×webq, mvg¨ Ges ggZvi GKwU Av`k© GLv‡b cÖwZwôZ nq|

K. ÔAvjc_Õ Kx?

L. evsjvi BwZnv‡m cvjhyM †Kb we‡kl ˆewkó¨gwÐZ?

M. DÏxcKwU ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU cÖKvk K‡i? Ñe¨vL¨v Kiyb|

N. ÔÔDÏxcKwU ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvi Amv¤úª`vwqK †PZbv‡K aviY K‡i‡Q|Ó ÑDw³wU we‡kølY Ki yb|

DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. K 2. K 3. M 4. N 5. N 6. N 7. K 8. K

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KweZvÑ194 SSC-1651

¯^vaxbZv, GB kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jv

wbg©‡j›`y MyY

wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y 1945 mv‡ji 21 Ryb †b·Kvbv †Rjvi evinvÆv Dc‡Rjvi Kvkeb MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi wcZv

my‡L›`y cÖKvk ¸Y †PŠayix Ges gvZv exYvcvwb ¸Y| gvÎ Pvi eQi eq‡m wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y Zuvi gvZv‡K nvivb| evev

Avevi we‡q Ki‡j mrgv PviæjZvi Kv‡Q Zuvi nv‡ZLwo nq| 1962 mv‡j gva¨wgK I 1964 mv‡j D”Pgva¨wgK

cixÿvq cÖ_g wefv‡M DËxY© n‡q e„wË cvb| Gic‡i XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi dv‡g©wm I evsjv wefvM Ges ey‡q‡U

†jLvcovi my‡hvM †c‡qI co‡Z cv‡ibwb| Ae‡k‡l XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K 1969 mv‡j cÖvB‡f‡U weG cvm

K‡ib| †ckvMZ Rxe‡b wZwb GKRb mvsevw`K| †gwUªK cixÿvi Av‡MB †b·Kvbv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ ÔDËi AvKvkÕ

cwÎKvq Zuvi cÖ_g KweZv ÔbZzb KvÐvixÕ cÖKvwkZ nq| Zuvi KweZvq †kªwYmsMÖvg, cÖwZev`x †PZbv, bvix I †cÖg g~j

wkí-Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e M„nxZ| lv‡Ui `k‡Ki m~Pbv †_‡K eZ©gvb Kvj ch©š Í wZwb KweZvq I M‡`¨ ¯”Q‡›` m„Rbkxj

n‡jI Kwe wn‡m‡eB wZwb L¨vZ| KweZvi cvkvcvwk AvZ¥‰RewbK iPbv, ågYmvwnZ¨ I M`¨iPbv‡ZI wZwb wm×n Í|

wZwb GLbI mvwnZ¨mvabv K‡i hv‡”Qb| Kve¨mvwn‡Z¨ we‡kl Ae`v‡bi ¯xK…wZ¯iƒc wZwb evsjv GKv‡Wwg cyi¯‹vi I

GKz‡k c`Kmn wewfbœ cyi¯‹vi I m¤§vbbvq f~wlZ n‡q‡Qb|

Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ iPbv :

Kve¨MÖš’ : †cÖgvsïi i³ PvB, bv †cÖwgK bv wecøex, Pvlvfzlvi Kve¨, evsjvi gvwU evsjvi Rj, `~i

n `ytkvmb, wbićbi c„w_ex, cÂvk mnmª el©, Avwg mgq‡K Rb¥v‡Z †`‡LwQ;

†QvUMí : Avcb `‡ji gvbyl;

AvZ¥Rxebxg~jK : Avgvi †Q‡j‡ejv, Avgvi Kɯi, AvZ¥K_v;

Dcb¨vm : †`kvšÍi|

Ô¯vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZvwU wbg©‡j›`y ¸‡Yi ÔPvlvfzlvi Kve¨Õ MÖš’ †_‡K M„nxZ n‡q‡Q|

RvwZi wcZv e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi 7 gv‡P©i fvl‡Yi `„pZv I Zuvi ivR‰bwZK `~i`wk©Zv m¤ú‡K© GB KweZv

†_‡K aviYv jvf Kiv hv‡e| ¯vaxbZvi †cÖÿvcU, MYRvMi‡Yi ¯iƒc Ges evsjv‡`k m„wó‡Z e½eÜzi Ae`v‡bi K_v

cÖKvk Ki‡ZB †jL‡Ki GB cÖ‡Póv|

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvVwU cov †k‡l AvcwbÑ

GLbKvi wkïcvK© I †mvnivIqv`©x D`¨v‡bi mv‡_ †mw`‡bi †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡bi Zzjbv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

e½eÜzi †Z‡RvÏxß †NvlYvi †cÖÿvcU eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;

Ô¯vaxbZvÕ kãwUi Mfxi Zvrch© we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

f~wgKv

Kwe-cwiwPwZ

Page 77: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ195

GKwU KweZv †jLv n‡e Zvi Rb¨ A‡cÿvi D‡ËRbv wb‡q

jÿ jÿ Db¥Ë Aaxi e¨vKzj we‡`ªvnx †kÖvZv e‡m Av‡Q

†fvi †_‡K Rbmgy‡`ªi D`¨vb ˆmK‡Z : ÔKLb Avm‡e Kwe?Õ

GB wkï cvK© †mw`b wQj bv,

GB e„‡ÿ dz‡j †kvwfZ D`¨vb †mw`b wQj bv,

GB Z›`ªv”Qbœ weeY© we‡Kj †mw`b wQj bv|

Zv n‡j †Kgb wQj wkï cv‡K©, †e‡Â, e„‡ÿ, dz‡ji evMv‡b

†X‡K †`qv GB XvKvi n„`q gvVLvwb?

Rvwb, †mw`‡bi me ¯§„wZ gy‡Q w`‡Z n‡q‡Q D`¨Z

Kv‡jv nvZ| ZvB †`wL Kwenxb GB wegyL cÖvš ͇i AvR

Kwei weiy‡× Kwe,

gv‡Vi weiy‡× gvV,

we‡K‡ji weiy‡× we‡Kj,

D`¨v‡bi weiy‡× D`¨vb,

gv‡P©i weiy‡× gvP©...|

†n AbvMZ wkï, †n AvMvgx w`‡bi Kwe,

wkï cv‡K©i iwOb †`vjbvq †`vj †L‡Z †L‡Z Zzwg

GKw`b me Rvb‡Z cvi‡e; Avwg †Zvgv‡`i K_v †f‡e

wj‡L †i‡L hvw”Q †mB †kÖô we‡K‡ji Mí|

†mw`b GB D`¨v‡bi i~c wQj wfbœZi|

bv cvK© bv dz‡ji evMvb, ÑGm‡ei wKQzB wQj bv,

ïay GKLÐ ALÐ AvKvk †hiKg, †miKg w`Mš Í c−vweZ

ïay gvV wQj `~e©v`‡j XvKv, mey‡R meyRgq|

Avgv‡`i ¯vaxbZv wcÖq cÖv‡Yi meyR G‡m wg‡kwQj

GB ay ay gv‡Vi mey‡R|

Kcv‡j Kwâ‡Z jvjmvjy †eu‡a

GB gv‡V Qz‡U G‡mwQj KviLvbv †_‡K †jvnvi kÖwgK,

jvOj †Rvqvj Kuv‡a G‡mwQj SuvK †eu‡a Dj½ K…lK,

nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq g„Zz¨, †Pv‡L ¯cœ wb‡q G‡mwQj ga¨weË,

wbgœweË, KiæY †Kivwb, bvix, e„×, feNy‡i

Avi †Zvgv‡`i g‡Zv wkï cvZv-Kzovwbiv `j †eu‡a|

GB KweZv cov n‡e, Zvi Rb¨ Kx e¨vKzj

cÖZxÿv gvby‡li : ÔKLb Avm‡e Kwe ?Õ ÔKLb Avm‡e Kwe?Õ

kZ eQ‡i kZ msMÖvg †k‡l,

iex›`ªbv‡_i g‡Zv `„ß cv‡q †nu‡U

AZtci Kwe G‡m RbZvi g‡Â `uvov‡jb|

ZLb cj‡K `viæY Sj‡K Zix‡Z DwVj Rj,

n„`‡q jvwMj †`vjv, Rbmgy‡`ª RvwMj †Rvqvi

mKj `yqvi †Lvjv| †K †iv‡a Zuvnvi eRªKÉ evYx ?

g~jcvV

Page 78: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ196 SSC-1651

MYm~‡h©i g Kuvwc‡q Kwe †kvbv‡jb Zuvi Agi KweZvLvwb :

ÔGev‡ii msMÖvg Avgv‡`i gyw³i msMÖvg,

Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯vaxbZvi msMÖvg|Õ

†mB †_‡K ¯vaxbZv kãwU Avgv‡`i|

wbe©vwPZ k‡ãi A_© I UxKv :

ALÐÑ mgMÖ, Av Í| AZtci Kwe G‡m g‡Â `uvov‡jbÑ e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb e³…Zvg‡Â G‡m uvov‡jb jÿ

jÿ gvby‡li mvg‡b| D`¨ZÑ cÖe„Ë, cÖ ‘Z| D`¨vbÑ evMvb| Db¥ËÑ `viæY D‡ËRbvq Av‡eMwenŸj, wÿß| Dj½

K…lKÑ LvwjMv‡qi `wi`ª MÖvgxY K…lK|

GB wkï cvK© †mw`b wQj bvÑ eZ©gv‡b XvKvi †mvnivIqv`©x D`¨v‡b DËicÖv‡šÍi GKwU AskRy‡o i‡q‡Q wkï cvK©;

ZLb G wkï cvK© wQj bv, ZLb Gi bvg wQj igbv †im‡Kvm©; GB †im‡Kv‡m©i DËi cÖv‡šÍ wbwg©Z weivU cÖk Í gÂ

†_‡K 7B gvP© (1971) e½eÜz Zuvi HwZnvwmK fvlY w`‡qwQ‡jb; e½eÜzi fvl‡Yi †mB ¯§„wZgq ’vbwUi †Kv‡bv

Aw ÍZ¡ GLb Avi Lyu‡R cvIqv hv‡e bv; †mLv‡b GLb bvbv iO-†ei‡Oi Uzj-†ewÂ, †LjbvivR¨, Avi Pviw`‡K evMvb|

Kwe g‡b K‡ib, jÿ jÿ gvby‡li ü`q wbsov‡bv ¯vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi evYx †hLvb †_‡K D”PvwiZ n‡qwQj †m ¯§„wZgq

’vbwU Gfv‡eB my‡KŠk‡j †X‡K †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|

Gev‡ii msMÖvg Avgv‡`i gyw³i msMÖvg/ Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯vaxbZvi msMÖvgÑ 1971-Gi 7 gvP© e½eÜz ¯vaxbZvi WvK

†`b, G‡`‡ki gyw³i WvK †`b; Zuvi e³‡e¨i GUvB wQj g~jK_v; Zuvi G AvnŸv‡b mgMÖ †`kevmx HK¨e× n‡q gnvb

gyw³hy‡× Suvwc‡q c‡o Ges Ae‡k‡l Avgiv Rqx nB|

KLb Avm‡e Kwe?Ñ e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb‡K Kíbv Kiv n‡q‡Q Kwei~‡c; KviY wZwb evsjv‡`‡ki gvby‡li

¯vaxbZvi ¯cœ I Abyf~wZi i~cKvi; Zuvi evOvwj n„`‡qi Av‡eMcÖeY cÖKvk‡K KwemyjfB g‡b nq; 1971 mv‡ji 5

GwcÖj gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi ÔwbDRDBKÕ cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ GK wbe‡Ü e½eÜz †kL gywRe‡K ÔivRbxwZi KweÕ e‡j

AvL¨vwqZ K‡i †jLv nq, wZwb Ôjÿ jÿ gvbyl‡K AvKl©Y Ki‡Z cv‡ib mgv‡e‡k Ges Av‡eMgq evwM¥Zvq Zi‡½i

ci Zi‡½ Zv‡`i m‡¤§vwnZ K‡i ivL‡Z cv‡ib; wZwb ivRbxwZi KweÕ; myZivs e½eÜz‡K ÔKweÕ AwfavwU h_v_©fv‡eB

w`‡q‡Qb GKv‡ji Kwe|

Kwei weiæ‡× Kwe ... gv‡P©i weiæ‡× gvP©Ñ Kwe GLv‡b †evSv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb e½eÜz‡K wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨vi ci G‡`‡k

Aïfkw³i †h DÌvb N‡U‡Q Zv‡Z me BwZevPK fvebv, †mŠ›`h© I Kj¨vY‡K †hb mgvwnZ Kivi cÖqvm P‡j‡Q|

KiæY †KivwbÑ ¯í †eZ‡b `vwi‡`ª¨i g‡a¨ KiæYfv‡e Rxeb-hvcbKvix mvaviY PvKwiRxex †Kivwb|

MYm~‡h©i gÂÑ RbM‡Yi †bZv, huvi †ZRxqvb `y¨wZ Pviw`‡K we”QzwiZ nw”Qj wZwb †hb GK MYm~h©; †mB †bZv †h

g‡Â `uvwo‡q †mUv †Zv MYm~‡h©i gÂ; ZvQvov †mw`b we‡K‡j m~‡h©i Av‡jv‡Z wQj cÖLiZv|

Rbmgy ªÑ weivU Rbmgv‡ek, wecyj RbZv| †RvqvjÑ jvOj ev Mvwo‡Z mshy³ ej‡`i Kuv‡a †h KvôLÐ _v‡K hvi

mv‡_ mvwo ev jvOj euvav nq, hyMÜi| Rbmgy‡`ªi D`¨vb ˆmK‡ZÑ igbv †im‡Kv‡m© mg‡eZ jÿ jÿ gvby‡li

mgv‡ek‡K Kwe Kíbv K‡i‡Qb Rbmgy‡`ªi evMvbi~‡c; †mB Rbmgy‡ ªi GKw`‡K wQj gÂ, Kwei `„wó‡Z †mwU †hb

†mB Rbmgy‡`ªi Zxi|

ZLb cj‡K `viæY Sj‡K Zix‡Z DwVj Rj/ n„`‡q jvwMj †`vjv, Rbmgy‡`ª RvwMj †Rvqvi/ mKj `yqvi †Lvjv,Ñ Kwe

Zuvi eY©bv‡K AviI my›`i I A_©en K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ iex›`ªbv‡_i Ô†`eZvi MÖvmÕ I weòz †`-i Ô†NvomIqviÕ

KweZvi PiY e¨envi K‡i‡Qb Lye ˆbcy‡Y¨i m‡½; evsjvi gvby‡li wcÖq †bZv e½eÜz Zuvi ¯vaxbZvi~cx †bŠKvi cvj

Zz‡j hLb WvK w`‡jb, ZLb RbZvi †Rvqv‡ii †mªv‡Z †m †bŠKvq jvMj DÏvg nvIqv, Qz‡U Pjj †mB ¯‡cœi eû

AvKvw•ÿZ Zix|

Page 79: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ197

Z›`ªv”QbœÑ Ny‡g Av”Qbœ| `viæY Sj‡KÑ cÖPÐ SjK w`‡q, cÖPÐ Av‡jvi †`vjv jvwM‡q| w`MšÍÑ w`‡Ki †kl mxgv|

w`MšÍ c−vweZÑ AvKvk-†Quvqv, †h gv‡V w`MšÍ G‡m wg‡k‡Q Ggb wekvj| `~e©v`‡jÑ meyR Nv‡m| „ßÑ Mwe©Z,

†ZR¯^x| cj‡KÑ gyn~‡Z©i g‡a¨| cvZv-KzovwbivÑ hviv cvZv-Kzwo‡q Rxeb aviY K‡i| cÖv‡Yi meyRÑ cÖv‡Yi

mRxeZv I ZviæY¨; `wi ª wK‡kvi-wK‡kvixi `j| cøvweZÑ RjgMœ, eb¨vq Wz‡e †M‡Q Ggb| eRªKÉ evYxÑ mn‡R

DÏxß `y¨wZgq e½eÜzi evYx| eRªKÉÑ †gNv”Qbœ AvKvk †_‡K eRª ev we`y¨‡Zi aŸwb cÖPÐ kw³ai k‡ãi g‡Zv;

GLv‡b e½eÜzi Kɯi‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q| weeY©Ñ gwjb, d¨vKv‡m| wegyL cÖvšÍ‡iÑ weiæ× cwi‡e‡ki gvV, cÖwZK~j

cwi‡e‡k| feNy‡iÑ hv‡`i †Kv‡bv KvRKg© †bB, †eKvi| gv‡Vi meyRÑ gv‡Vi my›`i meyR cwi‡ek|

kZ eQ‡ii kZ msMÖvg †k‡lÑ cÖK…Zc‡ÿ evsjvi ¯vaxbZvm~h© A ÍwgZ nq cjvkxi cÖvšÍ‡i 1757 mv‡j; 1857 mv‡j

weªwUk we‡ivax Av‡›`vjb nq, hv wmcvnx wec−e; 1930 mv‡j PÆMÖv‡g ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvgx wec−ex m~h©‡m‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡

weªwUk we‡ivax mk ¿ hy× nq Rvjvjvev` cvnv‡o; AZtci cvwK Ívb m„wói GK eQi ci †_‡K ïiæ nq cvwK Ívwb

kvmK‡`i bvbv loh‡š¿i weiæ‡× msMÖvg; 1948 mv‡ji fvlv msMÖvg †_‡K 1952-i fvlv Av‡›`vjb, Zvici 1971

mv‡j i³ÿqx gyw³hy×; myZivs BwZnv‡mi eû Aa¨vq cvi n‡q, bvbv msMÖvg I Z¨v‡Mi wewbg‡q Avgiv AR©b K‡iwQ

wcÖq ¯vaxbZv|

†kÖô we‡K‡ji MíÑ 1971 mv‡ji 7 gvP© †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b †h we‡KjwU‡Z jÿ jÿ gvbyl Aaxi AvMÖ‡n A‡cÿv

KiwQj e½eÜzi fvlY †kvbvi Rb¨, †m we‡KjwU Kwei `„wó‡Z wQj evsjvi gvby‡li Rb¨ †kÖô we‡Kj; KviY Gw`b

we‡K‡jB wZwb ¯vaxbZvi WvK w`‡qwQ‡jb| †iv‡aÑ eÜ K‡i †`Iqv, evav †`Iqv|

jÿ jÿ Db¥Ë Aaxi e¨vKzj we‡`ªvnx †kÖvZvÑ 1971 mv‡ji 7B gvP© evsjvi gvby‡li Awemsevw`Z †bZv e½eÜz †kL

gywReyi ingv‡bi KÉwbtm„Z e³e¨ †kvbvi Rb¨ XvKvi †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b A‡cÿv KiwQj jÿ jÿ gvbyl; Zviv

e¨vKzj n‡q e‡mwQj e½eÜzi A‡cÿvq; †im‡Kv‡m©i gv‡V G‡m wZwb Kx wb‡`©k †`b, Kx Avkvi evYx †kvbvb †m Rb¨

†mw`b jÿ cÖvY n‡qwQj AvKzj; KviY cvwK Ívwb kvmKiv mvgwiK kw³ cÖ‡qvM K‡i evOvwji ¯vwaKvi Av‡›`vj‡bi

weRq‡K bm¨vr Kivi mg Í cwiKíbvi QK ˆZwi K‡i e‡mwQj; 1970-Gi mvaviY wbe©vP‡b e½eÜzi †bZ…‡Z¡ evOvwji

weRq‡K Zviv ¯xKvi K‡i wb‡Z cv‡iwb; cvwK Ívwb lohš¿Kvix‡`i mvgwiK cÖwZf~ Bqvwnqv Lvb 1971-Gi 1 gvP©

cvwK Ív‡bi RvZxq msm‡`i Awa‡ekb ’wMZ K‡i †`q; e½eÜzi AvnŸv‡b ïiæ nq mgMÖ evOvwj RvwZi HK¨e×

Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb; evsjv‡`k n‡q I‡V MYgvby‡li Av‡›`vj‡b UvjgvUvj; ÿzä †`‡ki gvbyl; †d‡U co‡Q Zv‡`i

†µva; Zviv ZvwK‡q Av‡Q Zv‡`i AK…wÎg eÜz, cÖv‡Yi gvbyl, †KvwU gvby‡li †bZv †kL gywR‡ei w`‡K; mg Í †`‡ki

gvbyl †hb G we‡`ªv‡n Suvwc‡q c‡o‡Q; †mw`b †im‡Kv‡m©i gv‡V e½eÜzi e³…Zv †kvbvi Rb¨ hviv G‡mwQj †mB jÿ

jÿ gvby‡li g‡b wQj e¨vKzjZv, e½eÜz Kx ej‡eb AvR; cÖ‡Z¨K †kÖvZvB †hb GK GKRb we‡`ªvnx; G we‡ ªvn wQj

cvwK Ívwb ˆ¯ikvmK I mvgwiKZ‡š¿i Ab¨vq I loh‡š¿i weiæ‡×|

†kvwfZÑ mw¾Z| meyR meyRgqÑ meyR Nv‡m Ave„Z|

¯vaxbZv kãwU Avgv‡`iÑ Ô¯vaxbZvÕ kãwU GLb Awfav‡bi GKwU wbQK kã bq; G kãwU D”Pvi‡Yi m‡½ Avgv‡`i

msMÖvg I gyw³i cÖm½ hy³; ZvB 1971 mv‡ji 7 gvP© hLb e½eÜzi KÉ †_‡K aŸwbZ n‡jv : Gev‡ii msMÖvg

¯vaxbZvi msMÖvg, ZLb Ô¯vaxbZvÕ kãwU †cj bZzb A_© I e¨Äbv|

mvims‡ÿc :

XvKvi †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b 1971-Gi 7 gvP© mg‡eZ n‡qwQj AmsL¨ gvbyl| wewPÎ †ckv-eqm Avi †kÖwYi gvbyl|

IB meyR `~e©v`‡j XvKv gq`v‡b Zviv mevB G‡mwQj GKwU K‡Éi AvIqvR †kvbvi Rb¨| †mB BwZnvm †X‡K

†`Iqvi Rb¨B nqZ we ÍxY© `~e©v`j c‡i †X‡K †`Iqv n‡q‡Q wkïcv‡K©i †e‡Â, dz‡j Avi e„‡ÿ| wKš‘ †m BwZnvm

gy‡Q hvIqvi bq| jÿ jÿ gvbyl nv‡qbvi i³Pÿz D‡cÿv K‡i †mw`b GLv‡b G‡mwQj| Avi e½eÜz †kL gywReyi

ingvb GLv‡bB w`‡qwQ‡jb †mB Agi †NvlYv: ÔGev‡ii msMÖvg Avgv‡`i gyw³i msMÖvg, Gev‡ii msMÖvg Avgv‡`i

¯vaxbZvi msMÖvgÕ| G †hb GK Agi KweZv, Avi GB †NvlYvKvix GK gnvb Kwe| Zuvi IB gnvKvwe¨K †NvlYvi

ga¨ w`‡qB Ô¯vaxbZvÕ kãwU wPiKv‡ji g‡Zv Avgv‡`i n‡jv|

Page 80: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ198 SSC-1651

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. Kwe e½eÜzi 7 gv‡P©i fvlY‡K Kx g‡b K‡ib?

K. Agi KweZv L. KvjRqx Mvb

M. gbbkxj cÖeÜ N. gnr †QvUMí

2. ÔcÖv‡Yi meyRÕ ej‡Z Kwe eywS‡q‡Qb Ñ

K. meyR †cvkvK L. cÖv‡Yi eva©K¨

M. g‡bi Avb›` N. cÖv‡Yi mRxeZv

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co–b Ges 3 I 4bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

1971 mv‡ji 7 gvP© evsjvi gvby‡li Awemsevw`Z †bZv e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi KÉwbtm„Z e³e¨ †kvbvi

Rb¨ XvKvi †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b A‡cÿv KiwQj jÿ jÿ gvbyl| Zviv e¨vKzj n‡q e‡mwQj e½eÜzi A‡cÿvq|

3. DÏxc‡Ki e½eÜz‡K Ô¯vaxbZv, GB kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZvq Kx Awfavq AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q?

K. †bZv L. wcZv

M. Kwe N. bvqK

4. DÏxcK Ges Ô¯vaxbZv, GB kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZvwUi wgj i‡q‡Q †h wel‡qÑ

i. RbZvi Rgv‡qZ ii. msMÖvgx g‡bvfve iii. e½eÜzi fvlY

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii

M. iii N. i, ii I iii

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ :

5. Kwe Kxfv‡e G‡m RbZvi g‡Â `uvov‡jb?

K. Avjm¨ f‡i L. `„ß cv‡q M. `ytwLZ wP‡Ë N. Avbw›`Z wP‡Ë

6. Ô¯vaxbZv, GB kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZvq Kweiƒ‡c Kíbv Kiv n‡q‡QÑ

K. e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb‡K L. †nv‡mb knx` †mvnivIqvw`©‡K

M. †k‡i evsjv G‡K dRjyj nK‡K N. gvIjvbv Avãyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx‡K

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU coyb Ges 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b :

GKwU bZzb c„w_exi Rb¥ n‡Z P‡j‡QÑ

mevB Aaxi cÖZxÿv Ki‡Q †Zvgvi R‡b¨, †n ¯vaxbZv|

7. DÏxc‡K Ô¯vaxbZv, GB kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ ÑKweZvi †Kvb w`KwU cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?

i. ¯vwaKv‡ii K_v ii. gyw³hy‡×i K_v iii. ¯vaxbZvi K_v

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. ii I iii

8. DÏxc‡K cÖwZdwjZ †PZbv Ô¯vaxbZv, GB kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZvi †Kvb Pi‡Yi m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y©?

i. GB aya ygv‡Vi mey‡R ii. GB wkï cvK© †mw`b wQj bv iii. †mB †_‡K ¯vaxbZv kãwU Avgv‡`i n‡jv

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. ii M. iii N. i I ii

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ :

G‡mwQ evOvwj ivóªfvlvi jvj ivRc_ †_‡K|

G‡mwQ evOvwj e½eÜz †kL gywReyi †_‡K|

Page 81: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

SSC-1651 KweZvÑ199

Avwg †h G‡mwQ Rqevsjvi eRªKÉ †_‡K|

Avwg †h G‡mwQ GKvˇii gyw³hy× †_‡K|

G‡mwQ Avgvi †cQ‡b nvRvi PiY wPnè †d‡j|

ïavI Avgv‡K ÔGZ`~i Zzwg †Kvb †cÖiYvq G‡j?

K. Kwe wbg©‡j›`y ¸‡Yi †ckv Kx?

L. Kwe Ô†kÖô we‡K‡ji MíÕ ej‡Z Kx eywS‡q‡Qb?

M. DÏxc‡Ki eRªKÉ Ô¯vaxbZv, GB kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZvq Kvi eRªK‡Éi cwiPq cÖKvk K‡i?

ÑAv‡jvPbv Kiyb|

N. ÒRqevsjvi eRªK‡Éi gva¨‡gB Avgiv Avgv‡`i ¯vaxbZv †c‡qwQ|Ó ÑDÏxcK I Ô¯vaxbZv, GB kãwU

Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZvi Av‡jv‡K gšÍe¨wU wePvi Ki yb|

bgybv DËi : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K. Kwe wbg©‡j›`y ¸‡Yi †ckv mvsevw`KZv|

L. Ô¯vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZvq Kwe 1971 mv‡ji 7 gv‡P©i weKv‡ji K_v‡K †kÖô we‡K‡ji

Mí e‡j AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb|

1971 mv‡ji gvP© gvm wQj evsjvi ¯vwaKvi Av‡›`vj‡bi DËvj mgq| 1971 mv‡ji 7 gvP© †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b

†h we‡KjwU‡Z jÿ jÿ gvbyl Aaxi AvMÖ‡n A‡cÿv KiwQj e½eÜzi fvlY †kvbvi Rb¨, Kwei `„wó‡Z †m

we‡KjwU wQj evsjvi gvby‡li Rb¨ †kÖô we‡Kj| KviY Gw`b we‡K‡jB wZwb evsjvi ¯vaxbZvi WvK w`‡qwQ‡jb|

Kwei Kv‡Q g‡b n‡q‡Q GwU evOvwj RvwZi †kÖô we‡K‡ji Mí|

M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ÔeRªKÉÕ Ô¯vaxbZv, GB kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZvq e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi

eRªK‡Éi cwiPq cÖKvk K‡i|

evsjv‡`‡ki ¯vaxbZv Av‡›`vj‡b e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb GKwU Awemsevw`Z bvg| wZwb evsjv‡`‡ki RvwZi

RbK| Zuvi †`k‡cÖg, mvnm, ivR‰bwZK cÖÁv Ges AwaKvi-ewÂZ gvby‡li Rb¨ AZzjbxq jovB c„w_exi

BwZnv‡m weij| wZwb evOvwj RvwZ‡K ¯vaxbZvi g‡š¿ D¾xweZ K‡ib| dj¯iƒc evOvwj RvwZ GK i³ÿqx

gyw³hy‡×i gva¨‡g ¯vaxb I mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`k cÖwZôv K‡i|

DÏxc‡K ÔRqevsjvÕ †køvMv‡bi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| ÔRqevsjvÕ †køvMv‡bi exRgš¿wU evOvwj RvwZ‡K w`‡qwQ‡jb

e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb| Avi GB †køvMvbwU `„ßK‡É D”PviY K‡i‡Qb wZwb| Ab¨w`‡K Ô¯vaxbZv, G kãwU

Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZvqI eRªK‡Éi D‡jøL i‡q‡Q| 1971 mv‡ji 7 gvP© e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb

†im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b Zuvi HwZnvwmK fvlY w`‡qwQ‡jb| D³ fvl‡Y wZwb evOvwj RvwZ‡K eRªK‡É ¯vaxbZvi Rb¨

D`vË AvnŸvb Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb| e½eÜz †kL gywR‡ei eRªK‡Éi D”Pvi‡YB †mw`b evOvwj RvwZ ¯vaxbZvi w`kv

cvq| ZvB ejv hvq, DÏxc‡Ki eRªKÉwU Ô¯vaxbZv, GB kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZvi RvwZi RbK

e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi eRªK‡Éi cwiPq‡K cÖKvk K‡i|

N. DÏxcK Ges Ô¯vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZv, DfqwU‡Z D”PvwiZ n‡q‡Q Rqevsjv eRªK‡Éi

gva¨‡g Avgiv Avgv‡`i ¯vaxbZv †c‡qwQ|

Ô¯vaxbZvÕ kãwU Awfav‡bi GKwU wbQK kãgvÎ bq| G kãwU D”Pvi‡Yi m‡½ Avgv‡`i msMÖvg I gyw³i cÖm½

hy³| 1971 mv‡ji 7 gvP© e½e›ay †kL gywReyi ingvb igbvi †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b evOvwj RvwZ‡K ¯vaxbZvi gš¿

ïwb‡qwQ‡jb| e½eÜzi †mB `y¨wZgq evYx †kvbvi Rb¨ †mw`b †mB gq`v‡b Rgv‡qZ n‡qwQj jÿ jÿ RbZv|

e½eÜz †mw`b eRªK‡É D”PviY K‡iwQ‡jb, ÔGev‡ii msMÖvg Avgv‡`i gyw³i msMÖvg, Gev‡ii msMÖvg Avgv‡`i

¯vaxbZvi msMÖvgÕ| GUv wQj G‡`‡ki cÖwZwU gvby‡li AšÍ‡i jvwjZ AvKv•ÿv| G wQj GK m‡PZb † ªvn| G

we‡`ªvn wQj cvwK Ívwb ˆ¯ikvmK I mvgwiKZ‡š¿i Ab¨vq Ges loh‡š¿i weiæ‡× |

Page 82: fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª …SSC-1651 KweZvÑ119 fviZP›`ª ivqMyYvKi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b ` †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi hZx›`ª‡gvnb

KweZvÑ200 SSC-1651

DÏxc‡K 1971 mv‡ji gyw³hy‡×i mgq e½eÜzi ÔRq evsjvÕ †køvMv‡bi K_vwU D‡V G‡m‡Q| DÏxc‡Ki Kwe Rq

evsjvi eRªKɇK Zvi †PZbvq aviY K‡i‡Qb| Ab¨w`‡K Ô¯vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZvq

Rq evsjvi eRªKɇKB evsjv‡`‡ki ¯vaxbZvi wbqvgK kw³ wnmv‡e we‡ePbv K‡i‡Qb| †Kbbv e½eÜz GKvËi

mv‡ji 7 gv‡P© †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b jÿ jÿ gvby‡li mvg‡b ÔRq evsjvÕ eRªK‡Éi gva¨‡g cvwK Ívwb ˆ¯^ikvm‡bi

wbMo †_‡K evOvwj RvwZi gyw³ I ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ WvK †`b| Avi GB eRªK‡Éi WvK ï‡bB evOvwj RvwZ

gyw³hy‡× Suvwc‡q c‡o Ges ¯vaxbZvi jvj m~h©‡K wQwb‡q Av‡b|

Ô¯vaxbZv GB kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZvi Kwe g‡b K‡ib ÔRq evsjvÕi eRªK‡Éi gva¨‡g Avgiv

evsjvi ¯vaxbZv †c‡qwQ| DÏxc‡Ki Kwei †PZbvqI GKB aviYv cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q| ZvB ejv hvq, ÔRq evsjvÕi

eRªK‡Éi gva¨‡gB Avgiv ¯vaxbZv kãwU †c‡qwQÕ gšÍe¨wU h_v_©|

A¨vmvBb‡g›U : wb‡R Kiæb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ:

hZ w`b i‡e cÙv †gNbv

†MŠix hgybv engvb

ZZ w`b i‡e KxwZ© †Zvgvi

†kL gywRe yi ingvb|

w`‡K w`‡K AvR AkÖæM½v

i³M½v engvb

bvB bvB fq,n‡e n‡e Rq

Rq gywReyi ingvb|

K. ÔcvZv-KzovwbivÕ Kviv?

L. ÔkZ eQ‡i kZ msMÖvg †k‡lÕ ÑDw³wU eywS‡q ejyb|

M. DÏxcKwU Ô¯vaxbZv, GB kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`K‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡i‡Q?

N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki †kL gywRe yi ingvb Ô¯vaxbZv, GB kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jvÕ KweZvq evsjvi

ivRbxwZi Agi Kv‡e¨i Kwe|Ó ÑgšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Kiæb|

DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. K 2. N 3. M 4. N 5. L 6. K 7. M 8. M

mvnvh¨ ev mnvqZvi Rb¨ civgk© wbbÑ

Avcbvi ÷vwW †m›Uv‡ii †Kvm© wUDUi

W. †gv. †P½xk Lvb

mn‡hvMx Aa¨vcK (evsjv), I‡cb ¯‹zj

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq, MvRxcyi-1705|

B‡gBj: [email protected]

Ges

†g‡nixb gybRvixb iZœv

mnKvix Aa¨vcK (evsjv), I‡cb ¯‹zj

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq, MvRxcyi-1705|

B‡gBj: [email protected]