-
Soo Yeon, Chung
[email protected]
(VITAMINS)
2012. 11. 5
2012 2
-
1.
1)
2)
(, )
3) ,
4) 30
5) (A, D, E, K) (B , C)
6) vita () + amine (thiamine ) = vitamine vitamin
-
2.
1) (provitamins)
-
- carotene: A
- ergosterol 7-dehydrocholesterol: ergocalciferol (D2)
cholecalciferol (D3)
2) (antivitamin)
- ( avidin )
-
-
- , -
- -
-, - ()
-
- ()
- , - - ,
- - - -
- -
A, D, E, K B , C
-
1. - (retinol), (retinyl esters), (carotenoids) - -ionone
isoprene chain , - : carotenoids (, , carotene, -cryptoxanthin) 2.
- - (retinol retinal retinoic acid) - - (50-80%), (10%), (25%) - :
, , , 3. - A: , , , , , - carotene: (, , , , , , , )
A
-
1.
- sterols
- (calciferol) D1, D2, D3, D4, D5
- D2: ergosterol ergocalciferol
- D3: 7-dehydrocholesterol cholecalciferol
2.
- , , ,
-
- D A
- (Ca3(PO4)2) () 3.
- (, ) , , ,
D
-
1.
-
- tocol , , , tocopherol 4 () : (100%) > (50%) > (26%)
> (10%) - , ( 200oC) ,
,
- E 2.
- E
1 (I.U.) = E tocopherol 1 mg - : (, ), ,
- : (, , , )
E
-
1. - : - - : phylloquinone (K1, ), menaquinones (K2, ) - , , ,
(K3~K5 ): K3 (menadione) - , , 3 - : 2. - : , (, , ), - (K2,
menaquinone) - : , , , ,
K
-
1. - pyrimidine thiazole - , (aneurin) - thiol B1 + allicine ( )
= allithiamine ( B1) 2. - - ; , (pH 3.5 ), 100oC 10-20% - 20-30%, (
6) 33% - 10%, 50% , 70-80% - (vitamin B2, lumiflavin, lumichrome,
eosine ) - 2-12 ( )
3. : , , , , ,
B1 (thiamine)
-
B2 (riboflavin)
1. - isoalloxazine ribitol - - , , 2 50% 2. - - , B2 ( B2 ) - ,
- , ; , C - - : , , , , 3. : ,
-
(Vitamin B3)
1.
- B2
- (nicotinic acid)
2.
-
- (, , , , )
50% - (anti-pellagra), (anti-blacktongue)
3. : (, , , , , )
60 mg 1 mg
-
1.
- -
2.
- , , ,
- A (coenzyme A, CoA) ,
3. :
: 5-10 mg
- (Vitamin B5)
-
1.
- (adermin) pyridoxine (pyridine )
- pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine
: pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP) - , ,
- : , ,
2.
- ( , )
B6 (pyridoxine)
-
(biotin) 1. - - purine , , pancreatic amylase 2. , , 3. ( H
biotin) 4. avidin () 5. ,
(folic acid) 1. - pteroyl glutamate (pteridine + p-aminobenzoic
acid + glutamic acid) 2. , , 3. B12 4. : , , , 5. : (, , ), , ,
&
-
1.
- porpyrin 1 Co cobalamine
- (anti-pernicious anemia factor, APAF),
(animal protein factor, APF), (LLD)
2.
-
-
3.
- ,
- , , , ,
- B12
-
1. - hexose , - (L-ascorbic acid, ASA) (dehydroascorbic acid,
AA) 1/2 - , A , 2. - (antiscorbutic) - : , , , , , - , , , Fe, Cu -
, furfural () - 50% 3. - : , , , , , , , , ,
- C (ascorbic acid)
-
Soo Yeon, Chung
[email protected]
(ENZYMES)
2012. 11. 5
2012 2
-
:
1.
2.
1) (, apoenzyme) ( )
2) (holoenzyme) = apoenzyme + (, )
3) apoenzyme,
E
S
ES -
EP -
E
P
+ +
-
1.
1) :
2)
2.
- ( ) 3.
(international system of unit, S.I.)
1 (U) = 1 1 mole
-
1. : 1) : 30~40
2) :
-amylase: 60~70, -amylase: 60 2. pH: pH (pepsin(1.5),
trypsin(7.7), arginase(9.7)),
3. : 1) :
2) :
4.
1) ():
2) ( ):
5. (activator):
6. (inhibitor):
-
I ,
, , ,
II
III
, , ,
-
IV
, ,
,
, , ,
V ,
, -
VI ATP
-
1. Lipoxygenase
- A
- ,
2. Proteases
- -chymotrypsin: tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan
- trypsin: arginine, lysine
- pepsin & carboxypeptidase: phenylalanine
3. Esterases:
lipase, phospholipase
-
4. Amylases: -amylase, -amylase, glucoamylase,
-galactosidase (lactase: lactose -galactoside )
5. : - ,
- 6. Invertase:
7. Naringinase: naringin
8. Myrosinase: , sinigrin
9. Ascorbinase: C
-
, , ,
, ,
(, pH )
(vitamins) 4 5 D E K B1 (thiamine) B2 (riboflavin) (Vitamin B3)
- (Vitamin B5) B6 (pyridoxine) & - B12 - C (ascorbic acid)
(enzymes) 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
