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“vamtkiceb”
SezRuduli pasuxismgeblobis sazogadoeba
ìture" -s direqtori
_____________ /m. kriWaSvili/
" __ " ________ 2013 ü
socialur da bunebriv garemoze
zemoqmedebis Seswavlis angariSi
egz. # - - -
SezRuduli pasuxismgeblobis sazogadoeba “ture”
kirqvis nedleulidan kiris miRebis qarxana
(qalaqi dedofliswyaro, s/k 52.08.31.057)
garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis
a n g a r i S i
Semsrulebeli: garemosdacviTi sakonsultacio firma
Sps “warmoebis ekologia”
tel: 893 31-37-80
direqtori g. darcimelia
Tbilisi
2013
anotacia
SezRuduli pasuxismgeblobis sazogadoeba “ture”-s kirqvis nedleulidan
kiris miRebis qarxnis saqmianobis “garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis angariSi”
warmoadgens saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli garemosdacviTi
damasabuTebeli dokumentaciis Semadgenel nawils, romelic muSavdeba “licenziebisa
da nebarTvebis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanoniT, agreTve garemosdacviTi sakanonmdeblo
da normatiuli aqtebiT dadgenili moTxovnebidan gamomdinare, dagegmili
saqmianobisaTvis garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTvis misaRebad saWiro procedurebis
gasavlelad.
sawarmoo obieqtis ganlagebis teritoriaze, dasaxuli miznebisa da dagegmili
teqnologiuri procesebis Sesatyvisi reglamentis ganxorcielebiT - dagegmili
saqmianobis realizacia warmoSobs socialur da bunebriv garemoze zemoqmedebas.
warmodgenil dokumentaciaSi Sefasebulia am dagegmili saqmianobis Sedegad
warmoqmnili mavne nivTierebebis emisiebis dasaSvebi saproeqto normativebi – bunebrivi
garemos mdgomareobis qveyanaSi miRebuli xarisxobrivi normebis, sanitariul –
higienuri moTxovnebis, sawarmoo obieqtis ganlagebis raionis ekologiuri da
klimatur-meteorologiuri pirobebis, emisiebis parametrebisa da sxva faqtorebis
gaTvaliswinebiT.
winamdebare dokumentaciaSi, bunebriv da socialur garemoze zemoqmedebis
odenobisa da xasiaTis gansazRvris mizniT, dadgenilia zemoqmedebis faqtorebi,
ZiriTadi obieqtebi, gavrcelebis masStabi, Sefasebulia zemoqmedebis saxeebi, maTi
warmoqmnis albaToba da mocemulia zemoqmedebiT gamowveuli axali mdgomareobis
analizi, gamovlenilia zemoqmedebis Semcirebis SesaZleblobebi, yvela saxis emisiebisa
da narCenebis minimizaciis, marTvisa da utilizaciis saSualebebi, sawarmos
funqcionirebis SesaZlo Sedegebi sazogadoebis socialur – ekonomikur
mdgomareobaze, mosaxleobis sacxovrebel garemosa da janmrTelobaze, agreTve garemos
calkeul komponentebze da kompleqsebze.
dokumentaciaSi gansazRvrulia zemoqmedebis kontrolisa da monitoringis
meTodebi, garemoze zemoqmedebis dadgenili da SesaZlo uaaryofiTi gavlenis Tavidan
acilebis an Serbilebis RonisZiebebi, qveyanaSi miRebuli, sakanonmdeblo da
normatiuli bazis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad.
Sedgenilia samsaxurebrivi sargeblobisaTvis 6 egzemplarad:
egz. # 1 -dan # 5-is CaTvliT - waredgineba nebarTvis gamcem organos,
egz. # 6 - inaxeba sawarmoSi an investorTan
1
sarCevi gverdi
- anotacia 1 - gamoyenebul cnebaTa ganmartebebi 3 1 1.1 1.2 1.3
Sesavali - garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis angariSis Sinaarsi - garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis normatiuli da samarTlebrivi aspeqtebi - dagegmili saqmianobis sawarmoo obieqtis funqcionirebis safuZvlebi
6 6 8 11
2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10
garemos arsebuli mdgomareobis analizi - fizikur-geografiuli daxasiaTeba - sakvlevi teritoriis geologiuri pirobebi - klimatur-meteorologiuri pirobebi - hidrologiuri qseli - niadagebi
- landSaftebi - fauna da flora - daculi teritoriebi - kulturuli memkvidreobis Zeglebi - ekologiuri mdgomareoba
13 13 13 16 17 18 18 19 19 22 23
3 3.1 3.2 3.3
saqmianobiT gamowveuli zegavlenis wyaroebi, saxeebi da obieqtebi - sawarmoo obieqtis teqnologiuri sqema da reglamenti - bunebrivi da energetikuli resursebi - saqmianobiT gamowveuli zegavlenis analizi
32 32 34 35
4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4
garemos mdgomareobis raodenobrivi da xarisxobrivi maxasiaTeblebis cvlilebebis prognozi - atmosferuli haeri - wylis gamoyeneba - niadagebi - fauna da flora
37 37 46 49 49
5 saqmianobis Sedegad SesaZlebeli avariuli situaciebis albaToba da maTi mosalodneli Sedegebis Tavidan acilebis winadadebebi
50
6 saqmianobis ekologiuri, socialuri da ekonomikuri Sedegebis Sefaseba 57
7 7.1 7.2
garemoze da adamianis janmrTelobaze uaryofiTi zegavlenis Semcirebisa da Tavidan acilebis RonisZiebebi - garemoSi mavne nivTierebaTa gamoyofis Semcirebis teqnikuri saSualebebi - narCenebi da maTi gauvnebelyofa-likvidaciis marTvis winadadebebi
63 63 65
8 narCeni (kumulatiuri) zegavlenis kontrolisa da monitoringis meTodebi 67 9 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5
proeqtis ganxorcielebis ekologiur-ekonomikuri Sefaseba - proeqtis ganxorcielebis alternatiuli variantebis analizi - proeqtis ganxorcielebis Semdgomi situaciis analizi, mosalodneli emisiebis saxeobebi da raodenobebi - garemoze dadgenil zemoqmedebaTa faqtorebis Sedegad miRebuli “garemos mosalodneli mdgomareobis” prognozi - garemosdacviTi monitoringis gegmebis SemuSavebis winadadebebi proeqtis ganxorcielebis, mimdinareobisa da dasrulebis etapebisaTvis - saqmianobis Sewyvetis SemTxvevaSi, garemos winandel mdgomareobamde aRdgenis gzebi da saSualebebi
71 71
72 73
74 83
10 sazogadoebis informireba da sazogadoebrivi azris Sefaseba 84 11 ZiriTadi Sedegebi da daskvnebi 85 - gamoyenebuli literatura 87 - danarTi: sailustracio masala da gaTvlebis monacemebi
- sawarmoo obieqtis gengegma - sawarmoo obieqtis ganlagebis situaciuri ruka - gaTvlebis monacemebi
88 89 90 91
2
gamoyenebul cnebaTa ganmartebebi
“atmosferos dabinZurebis potenciali (adp)” – meteorologiuri faqtorebis
kompleqsi, romelic ganapirobebs atmosferos unars, ganazavos haerSi arsebuli
minarevebi;
“atmosferul haerSi mavne nivTierebis zRvrulad dasaSvebi koncentracia(zdk)”
– mavne nivTierebis maqsimaluri koncentracia drois garkveul monakveTSi(20-30 wT, 24
sT), romelic ar axdens arc uSualo da arc raimenair zegavlenas adamianis
organizmze, mis awmyo da momaval Taobebze Soreuli Sedegebis CaTvliT, ar aqveiTebs
Sromis unarianobas da ar auaresebs maT TviTSegrZnebebs;
“garemos dabinZureba (mavne nivTierebebis emisia)” – garemos komponentebSi
Senarevebis arseboba, an maT SemadgenlobaSi mudmivad arsebuli nivTierebebis
normaluri Tanafardobis Secvla, romelmac SeiZleba uaryofiTad imoqmedos
mosaxleobis cxovrebis pirobebze da janmrTelobaze, agreTve garemo faqtorebze;
~garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTva” – saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi
resursebis saministros mier saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiTa da
formiT, ganusazRvreli vadiT miniWebuli ufleba, romelic gaicema saqmianobis
ganmaxorcielebelze da saqmianobis dawyebis samarTlebrivi safuZvelia;
“garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefaseba (gzS)” – dagegmili saqmianobis Seswavlisa da
gamokvlevis procedura, romlis mizania garemos calkeuli elementebis, adamianis, aseve
lanSaftis da kulturuli memkvidreobis dacva, adamianis janmrTelobaze da
usafrTxoebaze, mcenareul safarsa da cxovelTa samyaroze, niadagze, atmosferul
haerze, wylis obieqtebze, klimatze, ekosistemebze da istoriul – kulturul
Zeglebze an yvela CamoTvlili faqtorebis erTianobaze (maT Soris, am faqtorebis
zegavlena kulturul memkvidreobaze da socialur-ekonomikur faseulobebze)
pirdapiri da arapirdapiri (potenciuri) mosalodneli zemoqmedebis Seswavla,
gamovlena, aRwera da garemos axali mdgomareobis analizi;
“garemo” – bunebrivi garemosa da adamianis mier saxecvlili (kulturuli)
garemos erToblioba, romelic moicavs urTierTdamokidebulebaSi myof cocxal da
aracocxal, SenarCunebul da adamianis mier saxecvlil bunebriv elementebs;
“garemos dacva” – administraciul, sameurneo, teqnologiur, politikur-
samarTlebriv da sazogadoebriv RonisZiebaTa erToblioba, romelic uzrunvelyofs
garemoSi arsebuli bunebrivi wonasworobis SenarCunebas da aRdgenas;
“garemos dacvis samenejmento sistema” – saqmianobis obieqtis marTvis sistemisa
da biznes-strategiis Semadgeneli nawili, romelic moicavs garemoze zemoqmedebis
saakiTxebTan pirdapir da arapirdapir dakavSirebul, obieqtis funqcionirebis yvela
aspeqts (garemos dacvis samenejmento gegmis, garemosdacviTi politikis, organizaciisa
da sakadro uzrunveelyofis CaTvliT);
3
“investori” – saqmianobis ganmaxorcielebeli subieqti, romelic aris saqmianobis
iniciatori da mimarTavs garemosdacviTi nebarTvis gamcem organos kanoniT
gansazRvruli CamonaTvalis Sesabamisi nebarTvis misaRebad;
“garemos dacvis normebi” – garemoze saqmianobis zemoqmedebis iseTi normebi,
romlebic uzrunvelyofen garemos ekologiur wonasworobas. am mizniT dawesebuli
garemos mdgomareobis xarisxobrivi normebi – atmosferul haerSi, wyalSi da niadagSi
adamianis janmrTelobisa da bunebrivi garemosaTvis mavne nivTierebaTa koncentraciebisa
da mikroorganizmebis raodenobaTa zRvrulad dasaSvebi normebi, xmauris, vibraciis,
ultrabgerebisa da sxva saxis fizikuri zemoqmedebis zRvrulad dasaSvebi normebi,
radiaciuli zemoqmedebis zRvrulad dasaSvebi normebi, garemoSi mavne nivTierebaTa
emisiisa da mikroorganizmebiT garemos dabinZurebis zRvrulad dasaSvebi normebi,
garemoSi qimiur saSualebaTa gamoyenebis normebi, ekologiuri moTxovnebi
produqciisadmi, garemoze datvirTvis normebi;
“licenzia” – administraciuli organos mier administraciuli aqtis safuZvelze
pirisaTvis kanoniT dadgenili pirobebis dakmayofilebis safuZvelze miniWebuli
gansazRvruli saqmianobis ganxorcielebis ufleba;
“sargeblobis licenzia” – licenziis saxeoba, romliTac pirs eniWeba saxelmwifo
resursebiT sargeblobis ufleba;
“saqmianobis licenzia” - licenziis saxeoba, romliTac pirs eniWeba gansazRvruli
konkretuli licenzirebadi saqmianobis ganxorcielebis ufleba;
“generaluri licenzia” – ufleba, rodesac pirs SeuZlia erTiani zogadi
licenziis safuZvelze ganaxorcielos msgavsi tipis saqmianobebi da valdebuli ar aris
cal-calke moipovos TiToeuli saqmianobis licenzia;
“specialuri licenzia” – ufleba, rodesac pirs SeuZlia ganaxorcielos
romelime viwro saqmianoba licenzirebadi saqmianobis zogadi saxeobidan da valdebulia
warmoadginos mxolod specialuri salicenzio pirobebis damakmayofilebeli faqtobrivi
garemoebebi;
“salicenzio mowmoba” – licenziis uflebis damadasturebeli sabuTi;
“mdgradi ganviTareba” – sazogadoebis ganviTarebis iseTi sistema, romelic
sazogadoebis ekonomikuri ganviTarebisa da garemos dacvis interesebiT uzrunvelyofs
adamianis cxovrebis donis xarisxis zrdas da momavali Taobebis uflebas – isargeblon
Seuqcevadi raodenobrivi da xarisxobrivi cvlilebebisagan maqsimalurad daculi
bunebrivi resursebiTa da garemoTi;
“mniSvnelovani rekonstruqcia, teqnikuri da teqnologiuri ganaxleba” – iseTi
rekonstruqcia, teqnikuri da teqnologiuri ganaxleba, romelic Zireuladd cvlis
saqmianobis parametrebs da romelTa gansaxorcieleblad saWiroa teqnikur-ekonomikuri
dasabuTebis proeqtis damuSaveba;
4
“nebarTva” – kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli, gansazRvruli an ganusazRvreli vadiT
qmedebis ganxorcieleba, romelic ukavSirdeba obieqts da adasturebs am ganzraxvis
kanoniT dadgenil pirobebTan Sesabamisobas;
“sanebarTvo mowmoba” – nebarTvis flobis damadasturebeli sabuTi;
“sakonsultacio firma” – iuridiuli piri, romelsac Tavisi wesdebis Sesabamisad
ufleba aqvs gaswios konsultacia garemosdacviTi saqmianobis sferoSi (maT Soris,
dagegmili saqmianobis garemosdacviTi teqnikur-ekonomikuri dasabuTebis proeqtebis
damuSavebaSi);
“saukeTeso teqnologia” – garemosdacviTi TvalsazrisiT saukeTeso, gamoyenebadi
da ekonomikurad xelmisawvdomi teqnologia, romelic yvelaze ufro efeqturia
garemoze mavne zemoqmedebis Tavidan acilebis, minimumamde Semcirebis, an gardaqmnis
TvalsazrisiT, SesaZloa ar iyos farTod danergili da gavrcelebuli, magram misi
aTviseba, danergva da gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia teqnikuri TvalsazrisiT, SesaZloa
ekonomikurad ar ganapirobebdes mniSvnelovnad maRali Rirebulebis xarjze zRvruli
garemosdacviTi sargeblis miRebis mizanSewonilobas, magram igi, amave dros,
ekonomikuri TvalsazrisiT xelmisawvdomia saqmianobis subieqtisaTvis;
“saqmianoba” – samewarmeo, sameurneo an yvela sxvagvari saqmianoba, gansaxlebisa da
ganviTarebis gegmebisa da proeqtebis ganxorcieleba, infrastruqturuli proeqtebis,
ganaSenianebisa da seqtoruli ganviTarebis gegmebis, saqarTvelos teritoriaze
arsebuli wylis, tyis, miwis, wiaRisa da sxva bunebrivi resursebis dacvis, gamoyenebisa
da sargeblobis proeqtebisa da programebis ganxorcielebis CaTvliT, aseve arsebuli
sawarmoebis mniSvnelovani rekonstruqcia da teqnikur-teqnologiuri ganaxleba;
~saqmianobis ganmaxorcielebeli” – fizikuri an iuridiuli piri, agreTve kanoniT
gaTvaliswinebuli sxva organizaciuli warmonaqmni (romelic ar aris iuridiuli
piri), romelic aris ekologiuri eqspertizisadmi daqvemdebarebuli saqmianobis
ganxorcielebis iniciatori da mimarTavs Sesabamis organos ekologiuri
eqspertizisadmi daqvemdebarebuli saqmianobis ganxorcielebis uflebis misaRebad;
“fonuri dabinZureba” – garemos komponentebis dabinZurebis yvela arsebuli
wyaroebis erToblivi moqmedeba, romelic Camoyalibda garkveul raionSi, axali
obieqtis mSeneblobisas an arsebuli wyaroebis savaraudo gafarToebis momentisaTvis;
“humanuri ganviTarebis indeqsi (hgi)” – intensiuri maCvenebeli, romelic asaxavs
sazogadoebis ganviTarebis dones da emyareba sam maCvenebels: sicocxlis saSualo
xangrZlivobas, inteleqtualuri ganviTarebisa da cxovrebis dones;
5
1. Sesavali
SezRuduli pasuxismgeblobis sazogadoeba “jorjian maining +”-is kirqvis
nedleulidan kiris miRebis qarxnis saqmianobis “garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis
angariSi” warmoadgens saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli garemosdacviTi
damasabuTebeli dokumentaciis Semadgenel nawils, romelic muSavdeba “licenziebisa da
nebarTvebis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanoniT, agreTve garemosdacviTi sakanonmdeblo da
normatiuli aqtebiT dadgenili moTxovnebidan gamomdinare - dagegmili saqmianobisaTvis
garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTvis misaRebad saWiro procedurebis gasavlelad.
dokumentaciis mizania, saqmianobisaTvis garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTvis misaRebad
damuSavdes garemosdacviTi teqnikur-ekonomikuri dasabuTeba - sawarmoo obieqtis
proeqtirebisa da operirebis pirobebis specifikis gaTvaliswinebiT, risTvisac
aucilebelia obieqturad ganisazRvros garemoze mosalodneli zemoqmedebis ZiriTadi
aspeqtebi, Seswavlil iqnes sawarmos ganlagebis raionis bunebrivi da socialuri
garemos arsebuli mdgomareoba, Sefasdes am garemoze dagegmili saqmianobis sawarmoo
obieqtis gavlenis masStabebi da warmodgenil iqnes mosazrebebi uaryofiTi zemoqmedebis
parametrebis regulirebis misaRwevad.
saqmianobis specifikaze dayrdnobiT, warmodgenil dokumentaciaSi, sawarmoo
obieqtis ganlagebis raionisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli meteorologiur-klimaturi da
arsebuli ekologiuri pirobebis gaTvaliswinebiT, safuZvliani analizia Catarebuli
bunebrivi da socialuri garemos calkeuli komponentebis dacvis uzrunvelsayofad.
1.1. garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis angariSis Sinaarsi
warmodgenili dokumentacia Sedgeba Tavfurclis, anotaciis, sarCevis, gamoyenebul
cnebaTa ganmartebebis da Sinaarsobrivi 11 Tavisagan, agreTve gamoyenebuli literaturis
CamonaTvalisa da danarTebisagan. misi ZiriTadi nawili, sailustracio masalasTan
erTad (danarTebis gareSe) Seicavs teqstobriv - 90 gverds (maT Soris: 5 naxazs da
27 cxrils).
Tavi 1. Sesavali - moicavs warmodgenili dokumentaciis Sinaarsis mokle
mimoxilvas, agreve garemosdacviTi mimarTulebis samarTlebriv aspeqtebs da zogad
cnobebs dagegmili saqmianobis sawarmoo obieqtis Sesaxeb. warmodgenili dokumentaciis
am nawilSi mniSvnelovani adgili eTmoba garemos dacvis sferoSi saqarTvelos
saxelmwifo politikisa da sakanonmdeblo bazis ganxilvas.
Tavi 2 – miZRvnilia zemoqmedebis qveS moqceuli, bunebrivi da socialuri garemos
arsebuli mdgomareobis aRwerisadmi. gaanalizebulia sawarmoo obieqtis ganTavsebis
teritoriis hidrometeorologiuri da klimaturi, agreTve geologiuri da seismuri
pirobebi, gadmocemulia bunebrivi da socialuri garemos komponentebis saerTo
daxasiaTeba (maT Sor is: atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebis mdgomareoba, zedapiruli
wylis obieqtebis dabinZurebis mdgomareoba, radiaciuli fonis Sefaseba, xmauri,
ultrabgerebi),
Tavi 3 – asaxavs sawarmoo obieqtis bunebriv da socialur garemoze zemoqmedebis
zogad daxasiaTebas. aq gadmocemulia dagegmili saqmianobis teqnologiuri sqema da
reglamenti, moTxovnebi bunebriv da energetikul resursebze, mavne nivTierebebis
6
garemoSi emisiis wyaroebi (maT Soris: atmosferoSi gamofrqveva), garemos da
socialuri faqtorebis normatiuli mdgomareobis uzrunvelyofis teqnikuri
SesaZleblobebi.
Tavi 4 – warmoadgens garemoze zemoqmedebis odenobisa da xasiaTis Sefasebas. aq
ganxorcielebulia zegavlenis wyaroebis, saxeebisa da obieqtebis dadgena. detaluradaa
ganxiluli: zemoqmedebis warmoqmnis faqtorebi, emisiis wyaroebi da maTi teritoriuli
ganawileba, mavne nivTierebebis saxeobebi da emisiis moculoba, wyalmomarageba da
kanalizacia, narCenebis daxasiaTeba, zemoqmedebis ZiriTadi obieqtebi da gavlenis
masStabi, emisiis garemoze zemoqmedebis daxasiaTeba. aRniSnul gamokvlevebze dayrdnobiT
mocemulia garemos mdgomareobis raodenobrivi da xarisxobrivi maxasiaTeblebis
cvlilebebis prognozi.
Tavi 5. – aq ganxilulia saqmianobis Sedegad SesaZlebeli avariuli situaciebis
albaTobis gansazRvra da maTi mosalodneli Sedegebis Sefaseba. gansakuTrebuli
yuradReba eTmoba avariuli situaciebis Tavidan acilebis, agreTve maTi moxdenis
SemTxvevebisaTvis mosalodneli uaryofiTi Sedegebis Serbilebis RonisZiebebs.
Tavi 6. – mocemulia dagegmili saqmianobis ekologiuri, socialuri da
ekonomikuri Sedegebis Sefaseba. aqvea ganxiluli garemoze da socialur faqtorebze
uaryofiTi gavlenis Tavidan acilebisa da Semcirebis RonisZiebebi(maT Soris: emisiebis
regulireba araxelsayrel meteorologiur pirobebSi).
Tavi 7. - aq mocemulia garemoze da adamianis janmrTelobaze uaryofiTi
zegavlenis Semcirebisa da Tavidan acilebis RonisZiebebi. daxasiaTebulia garemoSi mavne
nivTierebaTa gamoyofis Semcirebis teqnikuri saSualebebi, agreTve narCenebi da maTi
gauvnebelyofa-likvidaciis marTvis winadadebebi.
Tavi 8. – exeba narCeni (kumulatiuri) zegavlenis, misi kontrolisa da
monitoringis meTodebis sakiTxebs.
Tavi 9. – aq mocemulia proeqtis ganxorcielebis ekologiur-ekonomikuri
Sefaseba. maT Soris: ganxilulia sawarmoo obieqtis ganTavsebis adgilis SerCevis
kriteriumebi, agreTve proeqtis ganxorcielebis alternatiuli variantebis analizi;
proeqtis ganxorcielebis Semdgomi situaciis analizi, mosalodneli emisiebis saxeobebi
da raodenobebi; garemoze dadgenil zemoqmedebaTa faqtorebis Sedegad miRebuli
“garemos mosalodneli mdgomareobis” prognozi; garemosdacviTi monitoringis gegmebis
SemuSavebis winadadebebi proeqtis ganxorcielebis, mimdinareobisa da dasrulebis
etapebisaTvis; agreTve saqmianobis Sewyvetis SemTxvevaSi, garemos winandel
mdgomareobamde aRdgenis gzebi da saSualebebi.
Tavi 10. – asaxavs sazogadoebis informirebis, sazogadoebrivi azris Seswavlisa
da dagegmili saqmianobis ganxorcielebis mimarT sazogadoebrivi reagirebis sakiTxebs.
Tavi 11. - aris dokumentaciis Semajamebeli nawili da aq mocemulia ZiriTadi
Sedegebi, rekomendaciebi da daskvnebi. kerZod, warmodgenili masalebi da kvlevis
Sedegebi qmnian safuZvels dagegmili saqmianobis sawarmoo obieqtis bunebriv da
socialur garemoze mosalodneli zegavlenis srulfasovani da obieqturi Sefasebis
pirobebis dadgenisaTvis.
7
1.2. garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis normatiuli da samarTlebrivi aspeqtebi
1995 wlis agvistoSi miRebuli “saqarTvelos konstitucia” warmoadgens garants
qveynis mosaxleobisaTvis – janmrTelobisaTvis usafrTxo bunebriv garemoSi cxovrebis
uzrunvelyofis saqmeSi. am mimarTulebiT saqarTvelos mosaxleobis uflebebis dacva
miiRweva saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT. garemos dacvis sferoSi miRebuli kanonebi
gamoxataven saxelmwifos pozicias da asaxaven qveynis politikas saerTaSoriso
TanamSromlobis ganxorcielebisas. saxelmwifoSi funqcionirebs garemos dacvis
uzrunvelyofis Sesabamisi aRmasrulebeli saxelmwifo struqturebi, romelTa Sorisac
gansakuTrebuli roli, saxelmwifo politikis ganxorcielebisas, miniWebuli aqvs
saqarTvelos garemosa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis saministros. saministro
sazRvravs da afasebs realur da savaraudod mosalodnel saSiSroebas bunebriv garemoze
zemoqmedebis dros. aqedan gamomdinare, mas evaleba miiRos gadawyvetileba saqmianobis
subieqtebisaTvis garemoze zemoqmedebis mimarTulebiT dawesebuli saqmianobebis
ganxorcielebaze nebarTvis gacemis Taobaze. aRniSnuli nebarTvebis gacemis ZiriTadi
principebi, miznebi da procedurebi daregulirebulia saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo baziT
da Sesabamisi normatiuli aqtebiT. gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania moqmed sawarmoTa
garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis samarTlebrivi uzrunvelyofa. am mimarTulebiT
saqarTveloSi miRebulia rogorc CarCo xasiaTis sakanonmdeblo aqtebi (romlebic
warmoadgenen garemos dacvis calkeuli problemebis gadawyvetisadmi erTiani
saxelmwifoebrivi midgomis ganmsazRvrel samarTlebriv dokumentebs), aseve garemos
konkretuli komponentebis dacvis miznobrivi kanonebi, saxelmwifos Sida da gare
urTierTobebis maregulirebeli mravali samarTlebrivi da normatiuli aqti.
saqarTvelo, kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT axdens im saerTaSoriso
xelSekrulebaTa da SeTanxmebaTa dadebas, ratificirebas, denonsacias, an maTTan
mierTebas, romlebic aregulireben garemos dacvis sferoSi saqarTvelos urTierTobebs
sxva saxelmwifoebTan, saerTaSoriso kavSirebTan da organizaciebTan. saqarTvelos mier
ganxorcielebul saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebas an SeTanxmebas da maTTan dakavSirebuli
sakiTxebis gadawyvetas, Tu isini ar ewinaaRmdegebian saqarTvelos konstitucias da
kanonmdeblobas, aqvT upiratesi iuridiuli Zala Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi normatiuli
aqtebis mimarT. garemos dacvis sferoSi gamoyenebuli standartebis kompleqsi
dafuZnebulia mavne nivTierebaTa zRvrulad dasaSvebi koncentraciebis (zdk) da
adgilmdebareobis dabinZurebis fonuri maxasiaTeblebis mniSvnelobaTa mareglamentirebel
sidideebze, rac SesaZleblobas iZleva dagegmili saqmianobis Sesaswavli sawarmoo
obieqtis garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis dros gamoyenebul iqnes zdk-s normebi,
warmoebis specifikis Sesatyvisi emisiebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli mavne nivTierebebisaTvis.
saqarTveloSi amJamad moqmedi standartebis sistema da normatiuli aqtebi
saSualebas iZlevian investoris mier dagegmili saqmianobis gansaxorcieleblad -
garemoze zemoqmedebis Sesabamisi mimarTulebis saqmianobaze nebarTvis miRebis SemTxvevaSi.
rogorc ukve iyo aRniSnuli, “saqarTvelos konstitucia” warmoadgens garants
qveynis mosaxleobisaTvis – janmrTelobisaTvis usafrTxo bunebriv garemoSi cxovrebis
uzrunvelyofis saqmeSi. bunebrivi garemos dacvis sferos, konstituciiT gansazRvruli
moTxovnebis sakanonmdeblo realizacias warmoadgens CarCo xasiaTis saqarTvelos kanoni
8
“garemos dacvis Sesaxeb” (miRebulia 1996 wels), romlis gaTvaliswinebac aucilebelia
garemosdacviTi saproeqto da damasabuTebeli dokumentaciis damuSavebisas.
saqarTveloSi garemos dacvis calkeuli problemebisa da sferoebis
dasaregulireblad, damoukideblobis mopovebis Semdeg, miRebulia mravali kanoni da
normatiul-samarTlebrivi daniSnulebis dokumenti, romelTa Sorisacaa:
- saqarTvelos kanoni “mcenareuli safaris dacvis Sesaxeb”(1994 w.);
- saqarTvelos kanoni “garemos dacvis Sesaxeb”(1996 w.);
- saqarTvelos kanoni “daculi teritoriebis Sesaxeb”(1996 w.)
- saqarTvelos kanoni “wiaRis Sesaxeb”(1996 w.);
- saqarTvelos kanoni “garemosdacviTi nebarTvis Sesaxeb”(1996w.);
- saqarTvelos kanoni “saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertizis Sesaxeb”(1996w.);
- saqarTvelos kanoni “cxovelTa samyaros Sesaxeb”(1996w.);
- saqarTvelos kanoni “saqarTvelos sagasaxado kodeqsi”(1997w., 2004w.);
- saqarTvelos kanoni “atmosferuli haeris dacvis Sesaxeb”(1999w.);
- saqarTvelos kanoni “saSiSi nivTierebebiT gamowveuli zianis kompensaciis
Sesaxeb”(1999 w.);
- saqarTvelos kanoni “licenziebisa da nebarTvebis Sesaxeb”(2005w.).
moqmedebaSia da mudmivad ganixileba:
- “saqarTvelos administraciul-samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi”;
- “saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi”;
- “saqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli kodeqsi” da sxv.
2005 wlis ivnisSi miRebuli, saqarTvelos kanoni “licenziebisa da nebarTvebis
Sesaxeb” (saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo macne, #40, 18.07.2005), aregulirebs iseT
organizebul saqmianobas an qmedebas, romelic moicavs gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovan
saxelmwifo an sazogadoebriv interesebs an dakavSirebulia saxelmwifo resursebiT
sargeblobasTan. igi awesrigebs licenziiTa da nebarTviT regulirebul sferos,
gansazRvravs licenziisa da nebarTvis saxeebis amomwurav CamonaTvals, adgens maTi
gacemis, gauqmebis an maTSi cvlilebebis Setanis wesebs.
licenziiT an nebarTviT regulirebis mizani da ZiriTadi principebia:
- adamianis sicocxlisa da janmrTelobis usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofa da dacva;
- adamianis sacxovrebeli garemos usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofa da dacva;
- saxelmwifo da sazogadoebrivi interesebis dacva.
kanoniT gaTvaliswinebulia licenziis mopovebis aucilebloba 84 dasaxelebis
saqmianobaze, romelTa Sorisacaa:AAbavSvTa kvebis produqtebis warmoeba, birTvuli da
radiaciuli masalebis warmoebasTan dakavSirebuli saqmianoba, eleqtroenergiis warmoeba,
gadacema, dispetCerizacia da ganawileba, bunebrivi gazis ganawileba da transportireba,
navTobis gadamuSaveba da transportireba, klinikur-imunologiuri da alergiul
sneulebaTa stacionaluri mkurnaloba, gansakuTrebiT saSiS infeqciebze saqmianobis
ganxorcieleba, Terapiuli, qirurgiuli da sxvadasxva mimarTulebis stacionaluri
samedicino saqmianoba, sasargeblo wiaRiseulis mopoveba da sxv.
kanoniT gaTvaliswinebulia nebarTvis gacema gansazRvruli saxis saqmianobebze,
romelTa Sorisacaa: garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTva.
2007 wlis 14 dekembers, saqarTvelos parlamentis mier miRebulia saqarTvelos
kanoni “garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTvis Sesaxeb”. am kanonis amoqmedebisTanave
9
Zaladakargulad iqna cnobili:
a) „garemosdacviTi nebarTvis Sesaxeb“ saqarTvelos kanoni;
b) saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2005 wlis 1 seqtembris # 154 dadgenileba „garemoze
zemoqmedebis nebarTvis gacemis wesisa da pirobebis Sesaxeb debulebis damtkicebis
Taobaze“.
amJamad, garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTvis gacemis wessa da pirobebs aregulirebs
debuleba „garemoze zemoqmedebis Sesaxeb“ (sakanonmdeblo macne III, 16.03.2009), romelic
damtkicebulia saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis ministris 2009
wlis 9 martis # 8 brZanebiT da registrirebuli saqarTvelos iusticiis saministroSi
(saregistracio kodi 360.160.000.22.023.012.881).
2007 wlis 14 dekembers miRebuli “garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTvis Sesaxeb”
saqarTvelos kanonis regulirebis sfero aris iseTi organizebuli saqmianoba an qmedeba,
romelic exeba pirTa ganusazRvrel wres da xasiaTdeba adamianis sicocxlisaTvis an
janmrTelobisaTvis mometebuli safrTxiT. es kanoni gansazRvravs saqarTvelos
teritoriaze savaldebulo ekologiuri eqspertizisadmi daqvemdebarebul saqmianobaTa
srul nusxas da maT gansaxorcieleblad garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTvis gacemis,
nebarTvis gacemisas ekologiuri eqspertizis Catarebis, garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebisa
da nebarTvis gacemis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis miRebis procesSi sazogadoebis
monawileobisa da misi informirebis samarTlebriv safuZvlebs.
sakanonmdeblo moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT, saqmianobis ganmaxorcielebeli
valdebulia:
- ganaxorcielos saqmianoba ekologiuri eqspertizis daskvnis pirobebis Sesabamisad
da daicvas ekologiuri eqspertizis daskvniT misTvis gansazRvruli sanebarTvo pirobebi;
- saqmianobis dawyebis Semdeg Seasrulos garemoze zemoqmedebis Semamcirebeli is
RonisZiebebi, romelTac aucileblad miiCnevs nebarTvis gamcemi organo.
nebarTvis mflobeli uflebamosilia, kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesis Sesabamisad,
gadasces nebarTva sxva pirs. gancxadeba nebarTvis gadacemis Taobaze ganixileba
saqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli kodeqsiT dadgenili martivi warmoebis wesiT,
Sesabamisi gadawyvetilebis safuzvelze keTdeba cvlilebebi sanebarTvo reestrSi da
axal mflobelze gaicema saTanado sanebarTvo mowmoba.
kontrols sanebarTvo pirobebis Sesrulebaze axorcielebs saqarTvelos garemosa
da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis saministro „licenziebisa da nebarTvebis Sesaxeb“
saqarTvelos kanoniT.
im SemTxvevaSi, Tu 2007 წლის 14 დეკემბერs miRebuli “garemoze zemoqmedebis
nebarTvis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanoniT miTiTebul saqmianobaTa ganxorcieleba saWiroebs
mSeneblobis nebarTvas, mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemi administraciuli organo
uzrunvelyofs mSeneblobis nebarTvis gacemis mizniT dawyebul administraciul
warmoebaSi sxva administraciuli organos saxiT saqarTvelos garemosa da bunebrivi
resursebis dacvis saministros Cabmas “licenziebisa da nebarTvebis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos
kanoniT dadgenili wesiT. am SemTxvevaSi, mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcem administraciul
organos mier saqarTvelos garemosa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis saministroSi
wardgenil dokumentaciaze gaicema SeTanxmeba(saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertizis
daskvna), romelic mtkicdeba saqarTvelos garemosa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis
ministris administraciuli aqtiT. SeTanxmeba (saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertizis
10
daskvna) aris mSeneblobis nebarTvis ganuyofeli nawili da saqmianobis
ganxorcielebisaTvis misi pirobebis Sesruleba savaldebuloa.
im SemTxvevaSi, Tu zemoTmiTiTebul saqmianobaTa ganxorcieleba ar saWiroebs
mSeneblobis nebarTvas, masze saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertizis daskvnis safuZvelze
gaicema garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTva (nebarTvis gacemis Taobaze saqarTvelos garemosa
da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis ministri gamoscems administraciul aqts). saxelmwifo
ekologiuri eqspertizis daskvna garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTvis ganuyofeli nawilia.
garemos dacvis sferoSi miRebuli kanonebis efeqturoba didadaa damokidebuli
im RonisZiebaTa gatarebaze, romelTa ganxorcielebaze kontroli kanonmdeblobiT
evaleba saqarTvelos garemosa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis saministros. aqedan
gamomdinare, gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobisaa, sakanonmdeblo aqtebTan SesabamisobaSi
moyvanili da samarTlebrivi normebis dacvis mizniT saministros mier miRebuli
debulebebi da instruqciebi. am mimarTulebiT aRsaniSnavia debuleba “atmosferul
haerSi mavne nivTierebis zRvrulad dasaSvebi gafrqvevebis normebis gaangariSebis
meTodebis Sesaxeb”. aRniSnuli debuleba aregulirebs samarTlebriv urTierTobebs
saministrosa da saqmianobis subieqtebs Soris. misi mizania adamianis janmrTelobasa da
bunebriv garemoze mavne zemoqmedebis acilebis uzrunvelsayofad mavne nivTierebis
wliuri gafrqvevis zRvruli mniSvnelobis (zdg) gaangariSebis meTodis dadgena da mis
Sesrulebaze kontrolis ganxorcielebis samarTlebrivi normebis gansazRvra. zdg
normebis dadgena, debulebis safuZvelze, xorcieldeba warmoebis ganviTarebis
perspeqtivis, misi ganTavsebis adgilmdebareobis fizikur-geografiuli da klimatur-
meteorologiuri pirobebis, moqmedi sawarmoebis gavleniT Camoyalibebuli garemos
fonuri dabinZurebis, arsebuli an proeqtirebadi obieqtebis, sacxovrebeli ubnebis,
sanatoriumebis da dasasvenebeli zonebis urTierTganlagebis da sxva Taviseburebebis
gaTvaliswinebiT. zdg normebi dgindeba xuTi wlis vadiT, atmosferuli haeris
dabinZurebis TiToeuli wyarosaTvis da calkeuli mavne nivTierebisaTvis da
eqvemdebareba savaldebulo damtkicebas. yuradRebas imsaxurebs samistros mier saTanado
proceduris dacviT miRebuli instruqcia “dabinZurebis stacionaluri wyaroebidan
mavne nivTierebebaTa gafrqvevebis TviTmonitoringis da angariSebis warmoebis wesis”,
romelic aregulirebs instruqciis SinaarsiT gansazRvrul samarTlebriv
urTierTobebs. mis mizansa da amocanas warmoadgens saqmianobis obieqtebisagan, garemos
dabinZurebis stacionaluri wyaroebidan mavne nivTierebebis gafrqvevis aRricxvisa da
angariSgebis warmoeba ganxorcieldes erTiani, pirveladi aRricxvis dokumentaciis
(formebi: pad #1, pad #2, pad #3) safuZvelze. pad-is formebis sawarmoeblad
saqmianobis obieqts unda gaaCndes mavne nivTierebebis gamoyofis da gafrqvevis
wyaroebis ganlagebis sqema, masze am wyaroTa ucvleli numeraciis CvenebiT da Sesabamisi
kvalifikaciis mqone pasuxismgebeli piri, romelic uzrunvelyofs aRniSnuli formebis
Sevsebas.
1.3. sawarmos funqcionirebis safuZvlebi
zogadi cnobebi SezRuduli pasuxismgeblobis sazogadoeba “ture”-s kirqvis
nedleulidan kiris miRebis qarxnis Sesaxeb mocemulia cxril1-Si. aRniSnul sawarmoSi
11
damontaJebulia ori 15 t/dRe_RameSi simZlavris (jamuri 30 t/dRe-Rame) kiris gamowvis
Rumelebi. sawarmos ganlagebulia 224 m2 farTobze, romeloc ijariT aqvs aRebuli
moqalaqe qeTevan ramazanaSvilisagan (p/n 14001002099).
aRniSnuli sawarmo warmoadgens adre arsebul sawarmos da didi xnis ganmavlobaSi
ar funqcionirebda. dReis-dReobiT igegmeba kiris gamosawvavi Saxturi Rumelebis
reabilitacia da Sesabamisad garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTvis aRebis Semdeg
funqcionirebis dawyeba.
sawarmo 24 saaTiani samuSao dRiuri reJimiT weliwadSi 300 samuSao dRiT
dagegmilia 9000 tona kiris gamoSveba.
sawarmodan uaxloesi dasaxlebuli punqti daSorebulia 250 metriT
sawarmos ganlageba gisis kordinatTa sistemaSia: X - 593970.0; ü - 4591575.0
cxrili 1
zogadi cnobebi sawarmos Sesaxeb
# zogadi monacemebis
dasaxeleba dokumentis Sedgenis
momentisaTvis
cvlilebebi da maTi Setanis
TariRi
1. sawrmos dasaxeleba SezRuduli pasuxismgeblobis
sazogadoeba “ture”-s kirqvis
nedleulidan kiris miRebis
qarxana
2. sawarmos misamarTi: iuridiuli
sawarmo
q. Tbilisi, diRmis masivi, VI kv.
korp. 14, b-28.
q. dedofliswyaro, s/k 52.08.31.057
3. gvari, saxeli da samsaxuris telefonebi:
mamuka kriWaSvili
tel: 599-71-27-27
593 3088-08 (daviTi)
4. sabanko angariSis nomeri da
bankis dasaxeleba s/s “korstandart banki”
a/a üü42üS0000000004185902 kodi: üüRüüü22
5. saidenfikacio kodi 401948648
6. samrewvelo moednebis
raodenoba
erTi
7. ganlageba:
7.1 sacxovrebeli masivi an ubani 250 metr manZilze
7.2 samrewvelo zona samrewvelo zona
7.3 tyeebi -
7.4 sasoflo-sameurneo
savargulebi
-
7.5 satransporto magistralebi -
7.6 sxva mniSvnelovani obieqtebi
12
2. garemos arsebuli mdgomareobis analizi
garemoze zemoqmedebis Seswavlisa da SesaZlo gavlenis SefasebisaTvis aucilebelia
sawarmos ganlagebis teritoriisaTvis bunebriv-ekologiuri analizis Catareba.
zemoqmedebis qveS moqceuli garemos arsebuli mdgomareobis daxasiaTebisaTvis
am analizis Semadgeneli nawilebia:
- fizikur-geografiuli daxasiaTeba;
- geologiuri mdgomareobis Sefaseba;
- klimatur-meteorologiuri pirobebi;
- hidrologiuri qselis daxasiaTeba;
- fauna da flora;
- ekologiuri mdgomareobis analizi (maT Soris: garemos komponentebis –
atmosferuli haeris, wylis obieqtebis da niadagis sawyisi mdgomareobis, agreTve
garemoze fizikuri zemoqmedebis xarisxobrivi maCveneblebis Sefaseba);
CamoTvlili ekologiuri faqtorebis garda, dagegmili saqmianobis yoveli
konkretuli SemTxvevisaTvis SesaZlebelia gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobis sxva faqtorebis
arsebobac, razedac yurüadRebis gamaxvileba aucilebelia garemosdacviTi damasabuTebeli
dokumentaciis damuSavebis procesSi.
sawarmoo obieqtis dagegmili saqmianobis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi, bunebrivi
garemos arsebuli mdgomareobis mosalodneli zegavlenis qveS moqceuli calkeuli
komponentebis zogadi xarisxobrivi da raodenobrivi maxasiaTeblebi aRwerilia mocemuli
Tavis konkretul paragrafebSi.
2.1. zogadi fizikur-geografiuli daxasiaTeba saqmianobis sawarmo obieqti ganTavsebulia dedofliswyaroSi (ix. situaciuri
ruka). aRniSnuli teritoria mdebareobs aRmosavleT saqarTvelos gare kaxeTSi, ivris
dabali zegnis centralur nawilSi, zRvis donidan 850 m. simaRleze geografiuli
kordinatebiT 41.479690, 46.069300.
sawarmos ganTavsebis teritoriaze aRniSnuli zegani warmodgenilia viwro, CaWrili
xeobebiT, romlis erT-erT Semadgenel nawils warmoadgens Tomas mTa da mis dasavleT
kalTaze warmodgenilia aRniSnuli sawarmo.
2.2. sakvlevi teritoriis geologiuri pirobebi
2.2.1. geomorfologia
sakvlevi teritoriis geomorfologiur Taviseburebas gansazRvravs viwro
antiklinebi, farTo sinklinebi, Sesabamisi mSrali serebiT, depresiebiTa da tafobebiT.
dedofliswyaros teritoriis did nawilSi iWreba ivris zegani, romelic
gvevlineba aqauri reliefis mTavar orografiul erTeulad. agebulia mesameuli da
meoTxeuli naleqi wyebebiT. sinklinuri tafobebi amovsebulia meoTxeuli kontinenturi
13
nafenebiT, TixnarebiTa da riynarebiT. amave dros teqtogenur reliefze ganviTarebulia
eroziuli xeobebi, xramebi, mdinareuli terasebi, bedlendebi da sxv.
ivris zegnis udides akumulaciur vakes warmoadgens didi Siraqis vake (35X19 km),
romelic gaSlilia alazan-ivris SuamdinareTSi. zedapiri 560-700 m absolutur
simaRleze mdebareobs. vake SemosazRvrulia qoCebis, nazarlebis, SuanamTisa da
arxiloskalo-yaSis dabali serebiT. didi Siraqis vake aRmosavleTiT uerTdeba
kasriswylis vakes, romelic eroziuli reliefiT xasiaTdeba.
ivris zegani ukidures samxreT-aRmosavleT nawilSi TandaTanobiT gadadis eldaris
dablobSi, romelic warmoadgens azerbaijanis naxevarudabnoTa uSualo gagrZelebas.
saqarTvelos farglebSi (dedofliswyaros municipaliteti) eldaris dablobs uWiravs
ivris marcxena sanapiros zoli, romlis maqsimaluri sigane aris 6-7 km, xolo sigrZe
ivris gaswvriv 20-22 km. simaRle 100-200 m. vake warmoqmnilia meoTxeuli aluviuri
TixnarebiT da Seadgens mtkvar-araqsis dablobis nawils. vakeze wliurad modis 250-300
mm naleqi, amis gamoa rom aq mdinaris Camonadenis moduli Zalze dabalia 1-2 l/wm km.
sawarmos ganTavsebis teritoriaze aRniSnuli zegani warmodgenilia viwro. CaWrili
xeobebiT, romlis erT-erT Semadgenel nawils warmoadgens Tomas mTa da mis dasavleT
kalTaze warmodgenilia sawarmo obieqti.
moednis farglebSi Tanamedrove saSiSi geodinamikuri procesebis gamovlena, maT
mier datovebuli an sagrZnoblad Secvlili reliefis formebi ar dafiqsirda.
teritoria dReisaTvis gamoirCeva mdgradobis sakmarisi xarisxiT.
2.2.2. teqtonika-geologiuri agebuleba
teqtonikuri TvalsazrisiT teritoria ganekuTvneba saqarTvelos beltis
(mTaTuSeTi) daZirvis aRmosavleTis (molasuri) zonis gare kaxeTis qvezonas..
ferdobis geologiur agebulebaSi monawileoben meoTxeuli naleqebiT
daunawileblad da Sedgeba riynaris, qviSebis da Tixebisagan. sawarmosa da mis siaxloves
ganTavsebulia zeda iuruli kirqvebi, mergelebi, Tixebi, qviSa-qvebi da konglomerati.
sawarmos farglebSi da tafobis fskeris gaswvriv ZiriTadi qanebi gadafarulia
meoTxeuli asakis rTuli genezisis, Semadgenlobis da gansxvavebuli simZlavris safari
qanebiT. es ukanasknelebi ZiriTadad warmodgenilebia: teqnogenuri nayari gruntebiT
simZlavriT 0.9-dan 3.0 m-mde da Tixnarovani Semadgenlobis deluviuri warmonaqmnebiT
ZiriTadi qanebis xvinWis da RorRis CanarTebiT. qanebis am saxesxvaobis simZalavre aq
3.0-5.0 metramde da ufro metia.
2.2.3. hidrogeologia
gamokvleul teritoriaze gruntis wylebis formireba, moZraoba da gavrceleba
ganisazRvreba sakuTriv ferdis da tafobis geologiuri da geomorfologiuri pirobebiT
amgebi qanebi zedapiridan 1.5 m siRrmidan gawylovanebulebia. moZraobis mixedviT
wylebi forovani tipisaa, uwnevo, Tavisufali zedapiriT. Qqimiuri SemadgenlobiT
hidrokarbonatuli (SesaZloa sulfaturic) kalcium-magniumiani. mineralizaciiT 0.1-0.5
14
g/l. ZiriTadfad ar unda amJRavnebden agresiulobas nebismieri markis wyalSeuRwevadi
betonis mimarT. Sesabamisad teritoriis aTvisebis dros gasaTvaliwinebelia
hidrogeologiuri faqtori.
2.2.4 seismuri pirobebi
saqarTvelos teritoriis seismuri daraionebis uaxloesi sqemis mixedviT
dedofliswyaro ganTavsebulia 8 balian seismur zonaSi (pn 01.01-09 `seismomedegi
mSenebloba~), xolo amgebi gruntebi amave dokumentis #1 cxriliT seismuri Tvisebebis
mixedviT ganekuTvnebian III kategorias. Ggamomdinare aqedan mSeneblobisaTvis gamoyofili
teritoriis seismurobad miRebul iqnes 9 bali.
2.3. klimatur-meteorologiuri pirobebi
dedofliswyaros municipalitetis teritoriaze Camoyalibebulia ori tipis hava,
samxreTiT cxelzafxuliani zomierad Tbili stepebis havaa, CrdiloeT nawilSi ki
zomierad notio hava, zomierad civi zamTriT da xangrZlivi Tbili zafxuliT. saSualo
wliuri temperaturaa 10,3°, absolutur maqsimumi 38° weliwadSi 400-600 mm naleqi
modis, SiraqSi 540 mm, dedofliswyaroSi 650 mm. naleqebis minimumi fiqsirdeba eldaris
dablobze (250-300 mm), agreTve didi Siraqis vakeze (490 mm).
qalaq dedofliswyaroSi zomierad notio subtropikuli havaa, icis civi zamTari da
Tbili zafxuli. naleqebi 650 mm weliwadSi.
q. dedofliswyaros meteorologiuri parametrebis sxvadasxva maxasiaTeblebis
saSualo mravalwliuri mniSvnelobebi mocemulia cxrilebSi” 2 – 5.
cxrili 2.
q. dedofliswyaros haeris temperaturis saSualo mniSvnelobebi (t 0C ) saSualo
mravalwliuri
mniSvnelobebi
Tveebis mixedviT wliuri
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII -1.5 0.1 3.2 9.1 14.5 18.3 21.7 21.7 17.0 11.3 5.0 0.5 10.1
cxrili 3.
q. dedofliswyaros haeris abs. maqsimumis temperaturis saSualo mniSvnelobebi (t 0C )
saSualo
mravalwliuri
mniSvnelobebi
Tveebis mixedviT wliuri.
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII
3.5 4.9 7.5 14.1 19.7 23.5 26.9 27.1 22.0 16.4 9.4 5.8 15.1
cxrili 4.
q. dedofliswyaros haeris abs. minimumis temperaturis saSualo mniSvnelobebi (t 0C )
saSualo
mravalwliuri
mniSvnelobebi
Tveebis mixedviT wliuri.
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII
-5.0 -3.6 -1.0 4.8 9.5 12.9 16.3 16.3 12.5 7.4 1.5 -2.9 5.7
15
cxrili 5. q. dedofliswyaros haeris SefardefiTi sinotivis saSualo mniSvnelobebi (%)
saSualo
mravalwliuri
mniSvnelobebi
Tveebis mixedviT wliuri.
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII
80 79 80 75 74 68 65 64 74 82 86 83 76
meteorologiuri monacemebiT, wlis sxvadasxva TveebSi qaris mimarTulebebisa da
Stilis ganmeoradoba q. dedofliswyarosaTvis mocemulia cxril 6-Si. saSualod
wliuri qaris sxvadasxva mimarTulebebis ganmeoradoba Semdegnairad nawildeba:
CrdiloeTis – 12 %, cRdilo-dasavleTis ñ 13 %; aRmosavleTis ñ 12 %, samxreT-
aRmosavleTis ñ 15 %; samxreTis ñ 10 %, samxreT-dasavleTis ñ 7 %, dasavleTis ñ 17 %;
Crdilo-dasavleTis ñ 14 %. uqaro SemTxvevebis (Stili) ñ 33 %. sqematurad, qaris
sxvadasxva mimarTulebebis ganmeoradoba motanilia naxaz-1-Si. q. dedofliswyarosaTvis
damaxasiaTebeli qaris siCqaris Tvis da wlis saSualo mniSvnelobebi (V m/wm) –
mocemulia cxril 7-Si.
cxrili 6. wlis sxvadasxva TveebSi qaris mimarTulebebisa da Stilis ganmeoradoba
Tve C C-aRm aRm s-aRm s s-d d C-d Stili
I 9 4 5 10 9 14 30 19 41 II 12 7 6 10 7 10 28 20 35 III 9 8 6 18 18 12 16 13 28 IV 10 7 11 19 21 9 14 9 26 V 12 15 15 16 9 5 15 13 26 VI 15 22 14 14 7 4 10 14 22 VII 17 29 19 12 4 2 6 11 23 VIII 15 28 17 15 6 2 7 10 26 IX 10 19 19 20 9 2 9 12 34 X 11 10 14 17 10 5 18 15 43 XI 10 7 13 17 11 8 18 16 42 XII 8 4 8 13 11 9 29 18 46
wliuri 12 13 12 15 10 7 17 14 33
cxrili 7 qaris siCqaris Tvis da wlis saSualo mniSvnelobebi (V m/wm)
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII weli
2.1 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.5 2.1
16
12
13
10
7
14
1217
15
0
5
10
15
20Crd.
Crd.aRm
aRm.
samx.aRm
samx.
samx.das
das.
Crd.das
nax.1. qaris mimarTulebebis ganmeoradoba (procentebSi) q. dedofliswyarosaTvis gasaSualoebuli naleqebis wliuri raodenoba Seadgens
585 mm-s. naleqebis mTavari maqsimumi mais-ivnisSia (102 - 88 mm-is farglebSi). yvelaze
mSrali Tveebia ianvari da dekemberi, roca naleqebis raodenoba 20 mm-is siaxlovesaa.
rac Seexeba naleqebis sezonur ganawilebas, am mxriv q. dedofliswyarosaTvis
damaxasiaTebelia SedarebiT uxvnaleqianoba gazafxul-zafxulSi da mcire naleqianoba
Semodgoma-zamTarSi.
naleqebis mniSvnelobebi Tveebis mixedviT q. dedofliswyarosaTvis mocemulia
cxril 8-Si.
cxrili 8. naleqebis mravalwliuri saSualo mniSvnelobebi q. dedofliswyarosaTvis (Tveebis
mixedviT) naleqebis mniSvnelobebi (mm)
Tveebi da wliuri I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII wl. mravalwliuri
saSualoü 20 23 36 57 102 88 58 46 51 47 34 23 585
2.4 hidrologiuri qselis daxasiaTeba
dedofliswyaros municipaliteti tranzitul mdinareebs moklebulia.
hidrologiuri qseli alag-alag aris ganviTarebuli da ZiriTadad mSrali xev-xeobebis
qseliT aris warmodgenili. aqaur miwebze mxolod patara mokle perioduli xasiaTis
mdinareebs vxvdebiT, romlebic umetes SemTxvevaSi verc ioramde da verc alaznamde ver
17
aRweven. aqauri miwis zedapiri daserilia Semdegi mdinareebiT: velijvriT, lekiswyliT,
uzundarasxeviT, quSisxeviT, RoriswylisxeviT, yumurisxeviT, pantiSarisxeviTa da sxva
mcire mdinareebiT. am mdinareebis sazrdoobaSi monawileobas Rebuloben ufro wvimis
wylebi, alag-alag miwisqveSa wylebi. aRmosavleTiT azerbaijanis sazRvarTan did manZilze
Camoedineba mdinare alazani, romelic mingeCauris wyalsacavs erTvis azerbaijanis
teritoriidan.
municipalitetis dasavleT nawils hkveTs mdinare iori.
dedofliswyaros municipalitetis teritoriaze aris ramdenime tba, romelTagan
gamosarCevia ori: qoCebis tba da patara tba. qoCebis tba zRvis donidan 775 m-ze
mdebareobs. tbis auzis farTobia 1,3 km². qoCebis tbis CrdiloeT-aRmosavleTiT mdebareobs
patara tba, romlis sanapiro Zalze SeWril-SemoWrilia.
mdinare ivris sanapirosTan aris dalis wyalsacavi, romelSic moSenebulia Tevzi.
2.5. niadagebi
dedofliswyaros municipalitetis samxreT nawilSi vrceli farTobi uWiravs
tyis yavisfer niadagebs. did farTobze vrceldeba mcire da saSualo sisqis Savmiwebi,
romlebic gvxvdeba municipalitetis CrdiloeT-aRmosavleT nawilSi. tafobebsa da
vakeebze gabatonebulia Savmiwebi. vrceli farTobi uWiravs wabla niadagebs, agreTve
bicobian niadagebs. eldaris dablobze da mimdebare samxreT zonaSi ganviTarebulia ruxi
mura niadagebi. didi Siraqis vakeze gvxvdeba Savmiwa da wabla niadagebi. ivrispiras
ganviTarebulia aluviuri karbonatuli niadagi, xolo qalaq dedofliswyaros
maxloblad kordian karbonatuli niadagia.
2.6. landSaftebi
dedofliswyaros municipaliteti unikaluri bunebrivi pirobebiT xasiaTdeba,
dedofliswyaros veluri buneba da landSafti msoflio masStabiT unikaluria. aqauri
bunebis Zeglebi toveben gasaocari silamazis kvals. araerT bunebis Zegls icavs
saxelmwifo.
dedofliswyaros municipalitetis teritoriaze Camoyalibebulia landSaftis
Semdegi saxeebi:
1. dablobi vake abzindian-efemeruli mcenareulobiT, rux-mura da damlaSebul
niadagebze;
2. wvrilmTianeTi ariduli meCxeri tyeebiT da stepis balaxeulobiT, mura da
rux-yavisfer niadagebze;
3. vake-tafobebi stepis mcenareulobiT, Savmiwa da wabla niadagebze;
4. jageklian-stepuri mcenareuloba wabla da Savmiwa niadagebiT;
5. vaciwverian uroiani da avSnian-nairbalaxovani mcenareuloba wabla yavisfer
niadagebiT;
6. borcviani vake jageklianiT, tyis yavisferi niadagiT;
18
7. vake, jageklian-stepuri halofiluri mcenareulobiT, aluviur-karbonatul,
Savmiwisebr da damlaSebul niadagebze;
8. Walebi aluviuri niadagebiT.
2.7. flora da fauna
flora
dedofliswyaroSi gvxvdeba naxevarudabnos mcenareuloba, agreTve uroian-
vaciwveriani da jagekliani stepuri, hemiqseluri meCxeri tyeebi da Walis tyeebi.
municipalitetSi pirvel rigSi aRsaniSnavia vaSlovanis saxelmwifo nakrZali,
romelic ganumeorebeli landSaftebiT xasiaTdeba. gvxvdeba grakla, balRoji, akaki,
Savjaga, broweuli da sxv. balaxovani safridan gavrcelebulia avSniani, uroiani da
mlaSoburiani dajgufebebi. ivris zeganze SemorCenilia ariduli meCxeri tye. vake-
tafobebSi aris uroiani da vaciwveriani stepis mcenareebi: Svria, vaciwvera, uro,
kofrCxila da sxv. ivrispiras gabatonebulia tugais tyeebi.
fauna
mravalferovania aqauri fauna. ZuZumwovrebidan gvxvdeba focxveri, tura, mela,
mgeli, lelianis kata, dedofala, maCvi, mcire raodenobiT (ramdenime erTeulad) gvxvdeba
jeirani anu qurciki. radgan maTi raodenoba TiTqmis ganulebulia, maTze nadiroba didi
xania aikrZala. Setanilia `saqarTvelos wiTel wignSi~. iSviaTad gvxvdeba zolebiani
afTari.
uxvadaa mRrRnelebic m.S. aRsaniSnavia meqviSia, memindvria da tyis Tagvi.
qvewarmavlebidan binadrobs giurza. frinvelebidan gavrcelebulia gnoli, savaTi,
kvirioni, torola, yvavi, mwyeri, molaRuri, CxarTvi, ufexura, kakabi da a.S. alazansa da
iorSi aris murwa, xramuli, mtkvris tobi, TaRliTa da sxv.
2.8 daculi teritoriebi
dedoflis wyaros raionSi mdebareobs vaSlovanas daculi teritoriebi, romelic
TviT q. dedofliswyarodan (aseve sawarmoo obieqtidan) didi manZiliTaa daSorebuli da
aqedan gamomdinare bunebrivia maTze araviTari zegavlena ar eqneba sawarmos
funqcionirebas.
vaSlovanis daculi teritoriebi saqarTvelos ukidures aRmosavleT nawilSi,
dedofliswyaros raionSi mdebareobs. igi moicavs: vaSlovanis nakrZals, vaSlovanis
erovnul parksa da bunebis Zeglebs: ,,arwivis xeobas”, ,,taxtiTefas talaxis vulkanebs”,
,,jumas yures alaznis Walebs~. daculi teritoria kaxeTis or mTavar mdinares, or
mTavar sasicocxlo wyaros – iorsa da alazans Sorisaa moqceuli. xeoba warmoadgens
kirqvuli warmoSobis kldeebSi patara xevis mier gaWril Rrma da ulamazes kanions.
vaSlovanis daculi teritoriebis SemadgenlobaSia vaSlovanis erovnuli parki da
ramdenime bunebis Zegli, romelTa saerTo farTobi daaxloebiT 24 924 ha-ia. vaSlovanis
daculi teritoriebi 2003 wels gaixsna.
19
vaSlovanis daculi teritoriebi gamoirCeva iSviaTi sakmlis xis ariduli
naTeli tyeebiTa da uroina-vaciwveriani stepebiT. mTiswineTi dafarulia muxnarisa da
ifnaris bunebrivi koromebiT, sadac Sereulia nekerCxali da Tela. Aaq gavrcelebulia:
kowaxuri, ZeZvi, Trimli, javjaga, uZraxela da sxva.
vaSlovanis erovnuli parkSis alaznis unikaluri Walis tye da bunebis ori
patara (jumas da mijnis) yurea. yureebi erTaderTi adgilia saqarTveloSi, sadac Walis
muxebis (üurcus pedunculata), verxvebis (üopulus nigra, ü. canescens), ifnebis (üraxinus
excelsior) da veluri broweulis (üunica granatum ) gverdiT velurad izrdeba kaklis
xeebi (Juglans regia).
vaSlovanSi 700-mde saxeobis mcenarea aRwerili, Tumca maT Soris aRsaniSnavia,
orqideebis mravalferovneba (7 saxeobaa), qarTuli zambaxis (Iris iberica), eixleris titis
(Tulipa eichler), maikos iordasalamis (üaeonia m aiko), veluri vazis (Vitis sylvestris) da
sxva iSviaTi mcenareebis gavrceleba.
vaSlovani fauna sakmaod mravalferovani da mizidvelia. vaSlovanSi sul 46
saxeobis ZuZumwovari cxoveli binadrobs. mravladaa tura (C anis aureus), mela (Vulpes
vulpes), kurdReli (üepus europiacus), mgeli (C anis lupus), focxveri (üynx lynx ),
lelianis katis (üelis chaus), gareuli Rori (Sus scrofa) maCvzRarba (üystrix indicus) da
naxevarudabnosTvis ase iSviaTi daTvic (ürsus arctos).
2003 wlis bolos vaSlovanSi winaaziuri jiqi anu leopardi (üanthera pardus
ciscaucasica) aRmoaCines. mecnierebma moaxerxes ramdenjerme fotofirze daefiqsirebinaT
es saqarTvelosTvis unikaluri cxoveli (üüC RüS). xvad leopards noe Searqves. is
axlac vaSlovanis teritoriaze cxovrobs da erovnuli parkis simbolod da savizito
baraTadaa qceuli. 2008 wels seqtemberSi cocxlad ixiles (üüC RüS) TanamSromelma b.
lorTqifaniZem da reinjerebma.
uaxloes momavalSi mezobeli azerbaijanidan dagegmilia qurcikebis (üazella
subgutturosa subgutturosa) Semoyvanac. adre es Cliqosani qiziyis Cveuli binadari iyo da
Warbi Zovebisa da ukontrolo nadirobis wyalobiT meoce saukunis samocian wlebSi
sabolood gaqra saqarTveloSi. dRes ukve gaCnda imedi, rom qurciki isev dabrundeba
vaSlovanSi da mis dabrunebas isev adamiani Seuwyobs xels.
orniTologiuri TvalsazrisiT vaSlovanis nakrZali Zalian mdidaria. vaSlovanSi
SoSiebis da tarbebis aTasiani gundebi gvxvdeba. mravlad arian sxva mcire zomis
frinvelebi: beRurebi, meRoriebi, Citbatonebi, skvinCebi. zamTrobiT aq sarsarakebis,
ufro iSviaTad ki, uzarmazari savaTebis naxvaa SesaZlebeli. mtacebeli frinvelebidan
vaSlovanSi beqobis arwivebis (üquila heliaca), svavebis (üegypius m onachus), orbebis (üyps
fulvus), Zelqorebis (C ircus aeroginosus) da kakaCebis (üuteo buteo) naxvaa SesaZlebeli.
mravladaa kakabi. iSviaTad, magram mainc SexvdebiT durajs. xolo alaznis WalebSi,
romlebic ukve erovnuli parkis SemadgenlobaSia Sesuli, mravlad aris kolxuri xoxobi
(ühasianus colchicus). vaSlovanis Tixis cicabo flateebze ki mercxlebis koloniebi
budoben, romelsac ~mercxlebis qalaqs” uwodeben.
20
aq wylis frinvelebis simravlea, aq gvxvdeba yanCebi, Cvamebi,. ixvinjebi, gareuli
ixvebi, wiTeli ixvebi, Saki, TeTrkuda fsovi.
vaSlovanis faunaSi mniSvnelovani roli ukaviaT qvewarmavlebsac. Aaq maTi 25
saxeobaa aRwerili. erovnuli parkis teritoriaze xmelTaSuazRvis kus (Testudo graeca),
grZelfexa scinkis, Tvaltitvela xvlikos, jojos da gvelebis: aziuri maxrCobelas,
oTxzoliani mcuravis, Cveulebrivi ankaras da giurzas naxva SeiZleba.
alazanSi Tevzebis daaxloebiT 16 saxeoba binadrobs, aq jer kidev mravlad aris
loqo, kobri, farga, Samaia, mdinaris Rorjo, wvera da kavkasiuri qaSapi.
vaSlovanis teritoriaze 700 saxeobis mweria dafiqsirebuli, maTi umravlesoba ki
peplebia- 109 saxeobaa.
daTvis xevis alesilebSi preistoriul faunis naxvacaa SesaZlebeli.
gaSiSvlebuli qanebis daleqil fenebSi dakvirvebuli Tvali advilad SeamCnevs zRvis
moluskebis kargad Semonaxul qitinebs. es moluskebi vaSlovanis yvelaze Zveli
binadrebi arian – jer kidev im droindeli, rodesac aqauroba zRviT iyo dafaruli.
imave daTvis xevSi kidev erTi, SedarebiT `axalgazrda~ preistoriul cxovels
SexvdebiT – Tixis borcvidan samxreTuli spilos gaqvavebuli beWis Zvalia gamoSverili.
daTvis xevis alesilebi mnaxvelebs kidev erT sasiamovno siurprizs –
preistoriul faunasTan Sexvedras umzadebs. gaSiSvlebuli qanebis daleqil fenebSi
dakvirvebuli Tvali advilad SeamCnevs zRvis moluskebis kargad Semonaxul qitinebs. es
moluskebi vaSlovanis yvelaze Zveli binadrebi arian – jer kidev im droindeli,
rodesac aqauroba zRviT iyo dafaruli. imave daTvis xevSi kidev erTi, SedarebiT
`axalgazrda~ preistoriul cxovels SexvdebiT – Tixis borcvidan samxreTuli spilos
gaqvavebuli beWis Zvalia gamoSverili.
dedofliswyaroSi Camosul damTvalierebels vaSlovanis daculi teritoriebis
administracia ramdenime marSruts – samanqanos, fexiT sasiarulos da sajomardos
(mdinare alazanze naviT daSveba) sTavazobs. marSrutebi isea Sedgenili, rom ekosistemas
aranairi ziani ar miayenos. saerTod, vaSlovanis daculi teritoriebi idealuri adgilia
frinvelebze dakvirvebisTvis (üirdw atching).
vaSlovanis dacul tertoriebze yvela piroba arsebobs ekoturizmis da
samecnireo turizmis ganviTarebisTvis. xevSi, saidanac meore – ukvefexiT sasiarulo
marSruti – `daTvis xevi~ iwyeba. fexiT sasiarulo marSrtebze sanaxavi kidev ufro
metia, radgan alesilebis Tixnarebi gareuli cxovelis Zveli da axali nakvaleviTaa
savse.
saerTod, mTeli es daculi teritoriebi, da maT Soris arwivis xeobac,
idealuri adgilia frinvelebze dakvirvebisTvis (üirdw atching). CvenSi turizmis es
saxeoba SedarebiT axali xilia, magram saqarTvelos sxvadasxva kuTxeSi ukve sul ufro
xSirad SexvdebiT fotoaparatebiTa da binoklebiT SeiaraRebuli dasavleli turistebis
jgufebs, romlebic frinvelebze dakvirvebiT arian garTulebi. am saxis turistebisTvis
orniTologiurad mdidari vaSlovani marTlac rom sasurveli adgilia.
21
bunebiT tkbobac. erovnuli parkis administraciis mier SemuSavebuli sajomardo
marSruti alaznispira sofel wiTel sabaTlodan iwyeba da mijnisyuremde aRwevs. albaT
Zalian saintereso unda iyos rezinis naviT mogzauroba mdinareze, romelis erTi napiri
saqarTveloa, xolo meore – azerbaijani da romlis napirebi mSvenieri Walis tyiTaa
dafaruli.
tyis zolis ukan ki lamazad mosCans alesilebi. alazanze daSvebisas mudmivad
gesmiT WalaSi mobudari frinvelebis galoba da aucileblad xedavT sxvadasxva saxeobis.
marSrutis bolos – mijnisyureSi erovnuli parkis administraciis mier daSvebulia
ankesiT sportuli Tevzaobac. sportuli Tevzaobis msgavsad, parkis teritoriaze
adamianis nebismieri saxis aqtivoba – gadaadgileba, RamisTeva Tu koconis danTeba –
mxolod administraciis mier gamoyofil adgilebSia nebadarTuli. raRa Tqma, akrZalulia
cecxlsasroli iaraRis tareba da mogzaurobaSi Sinauri cxovelebis Tanxleba. am
piroebebis dacvaze gamyolebi da parkis garSemo oTx saguSagoze mudmivad morige
reinjerebi zrunaven. es is aucilebeli zomebia, uromlisodac dairRveva bunebaSi
arsebuli balansi da erovnuli parki aucileblad dakargavs im pirvelqmnilobasa da
xeluxlebel sivelures, romelic agrerigad xiblavs mnaxvels.
2.9. kulturuli memkvidreobis Zeglebi
dedofliswyaros raionSi arqiteqturis da kulturis mravali mniSvnelovani
Zeglia, maT Soris erTerTi umniSvnelovanesia enamTis dasaxleba.
enamTis dasaxleba mcire borcvia (200mX200m), romelic alaznis velis samxreT
nawilSi, gomboris qedis mTiswineTSi, xevis piras mdebareobs, q. dedofliswyarodan 10
kilometriTaa daSorebuli da mas gruntuli gziT ukavSirdeba (zRvis donidan
daaxloebiT 280-300 m).
enamTis dasaxleba xeluxlebelia, mxolod misi samxreT-dasavleT nawilia
dazianebuli, sadac 3m simZlavris kulturuli fenaa gaSiSvlebuli. namosaxlaris
CrdiloeTiT, uSualod mis gagrZelebaze didi yorRnuli velia, romlis qvayrilebi
xvniT aris dazianebuli.
enamTis namosaxlari amJamad erTaderTi cnobili Zeglia, romelic q.w. III-II
aTaswleulis kulturul fenebs Seicavs da romlis Seswavla SesaZlebelia
umniSvnelovanes rgolad iqces am periodis centraluri evropis Crdilo-stepuri
kulturebisa da Zveli aRmosavluri civilizaciebis urTierTmimarTebis mravali
problemis garkvevis procesis.
arqeologiuri samuSaoebis Catarebis Sedegad, agreTve SesaZlebelia naTeli
moefinos q.w. III-II aTaswleulis kulturebis bevr bundovan sakiTxs. aq gaTxrebis
ganxorcieleba aucilebelia, vinaidan Zegli Seicavs q.w. III aTaswleulis meore naxevris,
e.w. martyofi-bedenisa da II aTaswleulis pirveli naxevris TrialeTuri kulturis
dasaxlebebis Sreebs, rac kavkasiaSi dRemde TiTqmis Seuswavlelia.
22
2.10. ekologiuri mdgomareobis analizi
atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebis mdgomareoba
saqarTvelos msxvil industriul centrebSi, sxvadasxva periodebSi funqcionirebda
atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebaze regularul dakvirvebaTa qselis saguSagoebi(postebi)
da maTze warmoebda rigi mavne nivTierebebis atmosferuli koncentraciebis yoveldRiuri
samjeradi gazomva, xolo im dasaxlebuli punqtebisaTvis, sadac aRniSnuli
mimarTulebiT gazomvebi ar tardeboda, dabinZurebis Sesabamisi monacemebis dadgena
xorcieldeboda mosaxleobis raodenobaze dayrdnobis safuZvelze, qveyanaSi miRebuli
meToduri rekomendaciebis Sesabamisad. ukanasknel wlebSi mniSvnelovnad SeizRuda
srulyofili dakvirvebebis warmoebis SesaZlebloba. amasTan aRsaniSnavia isic, rom
qveyanaSi sagrZnoblad daeca adgilobrivi samrewvelo potenciali da Sesabamisad,
bunebriv garemoze zemoqmedebis jamuri maxasiaTeblebis mniSvnelobebic. aqedan
gamomdinare, garkveulwilad, mizanSewonilia adrindeli rekomendaciebiT gansazRvruli
monacemebiT sargebloba, garemos potenciuri dabinZurebis maxasiaTeblebis dasadgenad –
dasaxlebuli punqtis infrastruqturis arsebuli mdgomareobis ganviTarebis
perspeqtiviT, imaze gaangariSebiT, rom realurad SesaZlebelia adrindeli periodisaTvis
ukve miRweuli garemos dabinZurebis maCveneblebis miReba – SeCerebuli an umoqmedo
sawarmoo potencialis sruli amoqmedebis SemTxvevisaTvis. aRniSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT
saintereso monacemebs iZleva saqarTvelos statistikis uwyeba – anTropogenuri
datvirTvebidan gamomdinare, 1990 wels aRiniSneboda atmosferuli haeris maqsimaluri
dabinZureba, xolo 1999-2004 wlebSi, atmosferos dabinZurebis maxasiaTebelTa
mniSvnelobebi sagrZnoblad dabalia.
haeris dabinZurebaze gavlenis mqone meteoparametrebisa da sxva ZiriTadi
maxasiaTeblebis mniSvnelobebi mocemulia cxril 9-Si.
aRsaniSnavia, rom mavne nivTierebebis saSualo koncentraciebis mniSvnelobebTan
erTad, atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebis donis daxasiaTebis mizniT gamoiyeneba
konkretuli adgilmdebareobis atmosferoSi mavne nivTierebebis fonuri koncentraciebi
– damabinZurebeli nivTierebebis koncentraciaTa is maqsimaluri mniSvnelobebi, romelze
gadametebaTa dakvirvebebis raodenoba aris mravalwliani(aranakleb 5 wlis periodis)
regularuli dakvirvebebis mTliani raodenobis 5%-is farglebSi. fonuri
koncentraciebis mniSvnelobebi ganisazRvreba cal-calke StilisaTvis(qaris siCqaris
mniSvneloba diapazonSi 0-2m/wm, romelic xasiaTdeba dabinZurebis erT-erTi yvelaze
arasasurveeli efeqtiT) da qaris sxvadasxva gabatonebuli mimarTulebebisaTvis.
samwuxarod, yvela dasaxlebul teritoriebze ar xerxdeba srulfasovani regularuli
dakvirvebebis organizacia da Sesabamisad, atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebis donis
faqtobrivi mniSvnelobebis gansazRvra. imis gamo, rom rogorc wesi, SedarebiT patara
qalaqebSi da mciremosaxleobian dasaxlebul punqtebSi atmosferuli haeris
dabinZurebaze dakvirvebebi praqtikulad ar tardeba. aseTi teritoriebisaTvis, mavne
nivTierebebiT adgilmdebareobis atmosferuli haeris fonuri dabinZurebis
23
maxasiaTeblebis dadgena xdeba qveyanaSi miRebuli wesiT, romelic efuZneba dasaxlebul
teritoriaze mosaxleobis saerTo raodenobis maCvenebels da iTvaliswinebs im zogad
sawarmoo da sayofacxovrebo momsaxurebis infrastruqturas, romlis funqcionirebac
met-naklebad damaxasiaTebelia Sesabamisi dasaxlebebisaTvis (cxrili 10).
calke unda SevexoT atmosferuli haeris mtvriT dabinZurebis sakiTxs.
dasaxlebuli teritoriebis mtvriT dabinZurebis problemebis ganxilva aqtualobas iZens
imis gamo, rom atmosferuli haeris am damabinZureblis warmoSoba ar aris
ganpirobebuli mxolod anTropogenuri faqtorebiT. am faqtorebTan erTad,
mniSvnelovania bunebrivi procesebis Sedegad warmoqmnili da Semdgom atmosferos
cirkulaciur-dinamikuri procesebiTa da meteorologiuri movlenebiT miRebuli
Sedegebis analizi da Sefaseba.
dagegmili sawarmoo saqmianobis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi, konkretul sawarmoo
maCveneblebze dayrdnobiT, mocemuli obieqtisaTvis, garemoSi mavne nivTierebaTa gamoyofis
(atmosferoSi gamofrqvevis) zRvrulad dasaSvebi normativebis(Sesabamisad – zdg)
proeqtebis damuSaveba saSualebas iZleva dabinZurebis yoveli konkretuli wyarosaTvis
dadgindes mavne nivTierebaTa emisiis raodenoba da intensivoba. dagegmili saqmianobis
sawarmoo ciklis Sesabamisad, saWiroa cal-calke iqnas Sefasebuli saqmianobis
obieqtisagan mavne nivTierebaTa atmosferul haerSi gamofrqveva.
cxrili 9.
atmosferul haerSi nivTierebaTa gabnevis ganmsazRvreli parametrebis mniSvnelobebi
parametris dasaxeleba parametris
mniSvnelobebi
atmosferos temperaturuli stratifikaciis koeficienti 200
reliefis maxasiaTebeli koeficienti 1.0
wlis yvelaze cxeli Tvis haeris saSualo teqmperatura 21.7 wlis yvelaze civi Tvis haeris saSualo tempertaura -1.5
qarebis mimarTulebis wliuri ganmeorebadoba, %
_ CrdiloeTi
_ Crdilo-aRmosavleTi
_ aRmosavleTi
_ samxreT-aRmosavleTi
_ samxreTi
_ samxreT-dasavleTi
_ dasavleTi
_ Crdilo-dasavleTi
Stili
12 13 12 15 10 7 17 14 33
qaris siCqare (mravalwliur dakvirvebaTa gasaSualoebiT), romlis
gadaWarbebis ganmeoradobaa 5 %, m/wm
4.4
24
cxrili 10
fonuri koncentraciebisaTvis dadgenili mniSvnelobebi dasaxlebuli teritoriebisaTvis
mosaxleobis raodenobis mixedviT
mosaxleobis ricxvi (aTasi
mosaxle)
mavne nivTiereba
mtveri gogirdis
dioqsidi
azotis
dioqsidi
naxSirJangi
1 2 3 4 5
naklebi 10-ze 0 0 0 0
10-50 0.1 0.02 0.008 0.4
50-125 0.15 0.05 0.015 0.8
125-250 0,2 0.05 0.03 1.5
aqedan gamomdinare, mavne nivTierebaTa atmosferul haerSi zRvrulad dasaSvebi
gamofrqvevebis proeqtebis damuSaveba saSualebas iZleva ganxorcieldes dagegmili
saqmianobis garemoze zemoqmedebis Sedegad bunebrivi garemos xarisxobrivi normebis dacvis
Sefaseba.
sawarmos ganlagebis adgilidan gamomdinare, garemos dabinZurebis fonuri
maCveneblad SeiZleba visargebloT cxrili 10-is 0-10 aTasi mosaxles Sesabamisi grafis
monacemebiT.
niadagis dabinZurebis sakiTxebi.
sawarmos funqcionirebis Sedegad warmoqmnili, mavne nivTierebebis emisiebis
gavlenas sawarmos ganlagebis zonis niadagur safarze praqtikulad adgili ar aqvs. amas
ganapirobebs is garemoeba, rom sawarmoo teqnologiuri procesebis yvela ciklis
funqcionireba-realizacia, ar warmoqmnis niadagis dabinZurebis SesaZleblobas sawarmos
gare perimetrze da Sesabamisad ar arsebobs winapiroba niadaguri zedapiris dabinZurebis
warmoqmnis mimarTulebiT. xolo rac Seexeba sawarmos teritorias, iq arsebobs riski
niadagis dabinZurebisa SemTxveviT daRvrili navTobproduqtebiT da Tu es moxda,
sawarmo valdebulia moaxdinos niadagis am nawilis rekultivacia.
gruntis wylebis dabinZurebis sakiTxebi.
sawarmos funqcionirebis Sedegad warmoqmnili, mavne nivTierebebis emisiebis
gavlenas sawarmos ganlagebis zonis gruntis wylebze praqtikulad adgili ar aqvs.
amas ganapirobebs is garemoeba, rom sawarmoo teqnologiuri procesebis yvela ciklis
funqcionireba-realizacia, ar warmoqmnis gruntis wylebis dabinZurebis SesaZleblobas
sawarmos rogorc gare, aseve Siga perimetrze da Sesabamisad ar arsebobs winapiroba
gruntis wylebis dabinZurebis warmoqmnis mimarTulebiT, radgan sawarmos ZiriTadi
procesi mimdinareobs daxurul SenobaSi, romlis iataki betoniT mopirkeTebulia.
wylis obieqtebis dabinZurebis mdgomareoba
saqarTvelos kanoniT “wylis Sesaxeb”, SemoRebulia wylis dacvisa da gamoyenebis
normativebi, romelTa dawesebis mizania – dadgindes wylis obieqtebze zemoqmedebis iseTi
normebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofen wylis garemos SenarCunebas da ekologiur
wonasworobas. am mizniT dawesebulia:
25
- wylis mdgomareobis xarisxobrivi normebi;
- wylis obieqtebSi mavne nivTierebaTa(maT Soris mikroorganizmebis) emisiis (CaSvebis)
zRvrulad dasaSvebi normebi;
- wylis obieqtebis datvirTvis normebi.
wylis mdgomareobis xarisxobrivi normebia – wyalSi adamianis janmrTelobisa da
bunebrivi garemosaTvis mavne nivTierebebis koncentraciisa da mikroorganizmebis
raodenobaTa zRvrulad dasaSvebi normebi.
wylis obieqtebSi mavne nivTierebaTa(maT Soris mikroorganizmebis) emisiis (CaSvebis)
zRvrulad dasaSvebi normebia – wylis obieqtebSi samrewvelo, sayofacxovrebo –
komunaluri da sxva Camdinare wylebis CaSvebis normebi, romlebic dgindeba dabinZurebis
yoveli konkretuli wyarosaTvis, teqnologiuri Taviseburebebisa da adgilmdebareobis
fonuri maxasiaTeblebis gaTvaliswinebiT imgvarad, rom emisiuri nivTierebebis
koncentraciam da mikroorganizmebis raodenobam wylis obieqtSi ar gadaaWarbos Sesabamisad
dadgenili, zRvrulad dasaSvebi mniSvnelobebis dones. caalkeul SemTxvevebSi SeiZleba
daSvebul iqnas wyalSi mavne nivTierebaTa (maT Soris mikroorganizmebis) emisiis droebiTi
normebi, romlebic ganisazRvrebian garkveeuli moTxovnebiTa da vadiT
moqmedi(nebadarTuli) mavne nivTierebaTa wyalSi CaSvebis saxiT.
wylis obieqtebis datvirTvis normebi gulisxmobs wylis obieqtebidan wylis
amoRebis qvotebs, romlebic yovel konkretul SemTxvevaSi dgindeba mdgradi ganviTarebis
principebis gaTvaliswinebiT – wylis gamoyenebis da dacvis damtkicebuli generaluri,
saauzo da teritoriuli kompleqsuri sqemebis da wyalsameurneo balansebis safuZvelze.
wylis mdgomareobis normebis, wylis obieqtebSi mavne nivTierebaTa(maT Soris
mikroorganizmebis) emisiis (CaSvebis) zRvrulad dasaSvebi normebis da wylis obieqtebidan
wylis amoRebis qvotebis da wyalSi mavne nivTierebaTa (maT Soris mikroorganizmebis)
emisiis droebiTi normebis(limitebis) dadgenis wesi ganisazRvreba saqarTvelos kanonebiT
“garemos dacvis Sesaxeb” da “wylis Sesaxeb”, agreTve Sesabamisi kanonqvemdebare aqtebis
moTxovnebiT.
sawarmos uSualo siaxloves raime mdinare ar gaedineba. aseve sawarmos teqnologiur
procesSi wyali gamoiyeneba mxolod mtverdamWer sistemaSi, romelis brunviT sistemaSia
saleqariT. yovelive aqedan gamomdinare sawaro wylebs raime gavlena zedapirul wylebze
ar eqneba..
radiaciuli fonis Sefaseba
atmosferos miwispira fenis radiaciuli mdgomareobis dadgenisaTvis gama –
gamosxivebis fonis gansazRvrisaTvis, qveynis mTel teritoriaze funqcionirebs
saqarTvelos hidrometeorologiisa da garemos monitoringis samsaxuris operatiuli
daniSnulebis sadgurebi, romelTa ukanaskneli wlebis regularul dakvirvebaTa
monacemebis safuZvelze, aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi radiaciuli dabinZurebis foni
Seadgens 10-17 mikrorentgens saaTSi, q. dedofliswyarosa da mis SemogarenSi aRniSnuli
maxasiaTebeli aris 11-13 mikrorentgeni saaTSi. am monacemebidan Cans, rom gama-
gamosxivebis simZlavre, mTel saqarTveloSi normis farglebSia da dasaSvebad miRebul
doneze (30 mkr/sT), gacilebiT naklebia.
26
zemodaRniSnulis Sedegad, zogadad SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom sakvlev teritoriaze
dadgenili radiaciuli foni umniSvneloa da aq momuSave Tu siaxloves mcxovreb
adamianebs araviTar safrTxes ar uqmnis.
konkretulad, ganxilvas daqvemdebarebul sawarmoSi, agreTve am sawarmos
maxloblobaSi, sawarmos teqnologiuri sqemisa da reglamentis masalebiT dadgenilia,
rom ar igegmeba iseTi mowyobiloba-danadgarebis gamoyeneba, romlebic SeiZleba
warmoadgendes radiaciuli gamosxivebis wyaros.
garemoze fizikuri zemoqmedebis faqtorebi
qvemoT mocemulia atmosferul haerze xmauris, vibraciis, eleqtromagnituri
velebisa da sxva saxis fizikuri zemoqmedebis analizi.
xmauri aris sxvadasxva sixSiris da intensivobis bgerebis mouwesrigebeli
erToblioba, romelsac SeuZlia gamoiwvios mavne zemoqmedeba adamianis organizmze.
xmauris wyaro SeiZleba iyos nebismieri procesi, romelsac myar, Txevad an airovan
garemoSi SeuZlia gamoiwvios wneva an meqanikuri rxevebi. xmaurs gaaCnia gansazRvruli
sixSire an speqtri, romelic gamoisaxeba hercebSi da bgeriTi wnevis donis intensivoba,
romelic izomeba decibelebSi. adamianis smenas SeuZlia gaarCios bgeris is sixSireebi,
romlebic icvlebian 16-dan 20000 hercis farglebSi.
xmauris gazomva, analizi da speqtris registracia xdeba specialuri iaraRebiT,
rogoricaa: xmaurmzomi da damxmare xelsawyoebi (xmauris donis TviTmweri
magnitofoni, oscilografi, statistikuri gamanawileblebis analizatori, dozimetri
da sxva).
xmauris intensivobis (donis) gasazomad ufro xSirad iyeneben logariTmul
skalas, romelSic yoveli safexuri 10-jer metia winandelze. xmauris ori donis aseT
Tanafardobas uwodeben bels (b). is ganisazRvreba formuliT:
Ib=lg(I/I0)
sadac I _ bgeriTi wnevis gansaxilveli donea, pa
I0 _ adamianis yuris smenadobis zRvaria da udris 2.10-5 pa.
erTnairi da TanabraddaSorebuli wertilebisaTvis xmauris jamuri (üj) done
gamoiTvleba formuliT:
üj= ü1+10lgn, db (2.1)
sadac ü1 _ erTi wyarodan xmauris donea, db (1db=10b)
n – xmauris wyaros ricxvia.
10 lgn aris xmauris erTi wyaros donis danamati sidide.
sawarmoSi damontaJebuli danadgarebi mtverdamWeri sistemis gamwovi ventilacia,
romlebic warmoadgenen xmauris wyaros, sapasporto maCveneblebiT xmauris done
TiToeuli maTganisaTvis ar aRemateba 85 decibels. maSin xmauris jamuri done iqneba:
üj= 85+10lgn=88 db.
xmauri intensivobis mixedviT iyofa sam jgufad:
pirvel jgufs miekuTvneba iseTi xmauri, romlis intensivoba aRwevs 80 db-s.
aseTi intensivobis xmauri adamianis janmrTelobisaTvis saxifaTo ar aris.
27
meore jgufs miakuTvneben iseT xmaurs, romlis intensivoba meryeobs 80-dan 135
db. erTi dReRamis da meti drois ganmavlobaSi, aseTi xmauris zemoqmedeba iwvevs
adamianis smenis daqveiTebas, aseve Sromisunarianobis dawevas 10-30%-iT.
`mudmiv samuSao adgilebSi bgeriTi wnevebisa da xmis wnevis dasaSvebi doneebi
mocemulia cxril 11-Si.
cxrili 11
mudmiv samuSao adgilebSi bgeriTi wnevebisa da xmis wnevis dasaSvebi doneebi
dasaxeleba
oqtavuri zolebis saSualo geometruli
sixSire, hc xmauris
done, db
A 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000
bgeriTi wnevebis done, db 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1.sawarmoSi garedan SemoWrili xmaurisaTvis, romelmac SeiZleba SeaRwios iseT adgilebSi, sadac ganTavsebulia:
a)sakonstruqtoro biuro, kompiuterebis ganTavsebisa da programistebis samuSao oTaxebi, informaciisa da eqsperimentuli masalebis Teoriuli da analitikuri damuSavebis oTaxebi da a. S b) marTvis aparatis organoebi. g) distanciuri dakvirvebe-bisa da marTvis kabinebi d) igive telefonuri kavSiris gamoyenebiT 2. sawarmoSi warmoqmnili xmaurisaTvis, romelmac SeiZleba SeaRwios iseT adgilebSi, sadac ganTavsebulia: a) inteleqtualuri da zusti awyobis samuSao adgilebi b) laboratoria, sxva samsaxurebi 3.mudmivi samuSao adgilebi sawarmos saamqroebsa da sxva teritoriebze
71
79
94 83 83
94
103
61
70 87
74
74 87
96
54
63
82
68
68
82 91
49 58 78
63
63 78 88
45 55 75
60
60 75 85
42
52 73 57 57 73 83
40
50 71 55 55 71 81
38
49
70
54
54
70
80
50
60
80
65
65
80
90
SeniSvna: xmauris droSi xangrZlivobisa da am faqtoris zemoqmedebis xasiaTidan gamomdinare, am cxrilSi
moyvanili maCveneblebis koreqtireba-dazusteba xorcieldeba moqmedi “samSeneblo normebisa da wesebis”
Sesabamisi moTxovnebiT
xmauri, romlis intensivoba metia 135 db miekuTvneba mesame jgufs da yvelaze
saxifaToa. aseT xmaurs iwvevs airturbinuli generatorebi (konteinerebis gareSe). 135
28
db-ze meti xmauris sistematuri zemoqmedeba (8-12 saaTis ganmavlobaSi) iwvevs adamianis
janmrTelobis gauaresebas, Sromis nayofierebis mkveTr Semcirebas. aseT xmaurs SeuZlia
gamoiwvios letaluri SemTxvevebic.
xmauris dasaSvebi doneebi mimdebare teritoriis sacxovrebeli da sazogadoebrivi
SenobebisaTvis mocemulia cxril 12-Si
cxrili 12
xmauris dasaSvebi doneebi mimdebare teritoriis sacxovrebeli da sazogadoebrivi
SenobebisaTvis mocemulia
# teritoriis an landSaftis
daniSnuleba gazomvis ferda
xmauris done
(db)
xmauris maqs.
done (db)
1. binebis sacxovrebeli oTaxebi,
dasasvenebeli saxlebis
sacxovrebeli oTaxebi,
saZinebeli saTavsoebi, bavSvTa
skolamdeli asakis
dawesebulebebi
7-dan 23 sT-mde
23-dan 7 sT-mde
40
30
55
45
2. sacxovrebeli saxlebis,
ambulatoriebis, dasasvenebeli
saxlebis, bagabaRebis da
skolebis mimdebare teritoriebi
7-dan 23 sT-mde
23-dan 7 sT-mde
55
45
70
60
3. sastumroebisa da saerTo
sacxovrebeli Senobebis
mimdebare teritoriebi
7-dan 23 sT-mde
23-dan 7 sT-mde
60
50
75
60
danadgarebis mier Seqmnili bgeriTi wnevis doneebi (ü) ganisazRvreba
formuliT:
ü=üp-20lgr ñβar/1000-8db (2.2)
sadac:ü
üp aris kompresorisa da sxva mowyobilobebis mier gamowveuli bgeriTi wnevis
done, db. sawarmos pirobebisaTvis is Seadgens 88 db-s.
r _ manZilia wyarodan mocemul adgilamde
βa _ atmosferoSi xmis CaxSobis sididea db/km da mocemulia cxril 13-Si
cxrili 13
atmosferoSi xmis CaxSobis sidide
oqtanuri zolebis saSua-
lo geometriuli sixSire 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000
xmisdaxSoba db/km 0 0.7 1.5 3 6 12 24 48
formula 2.2.-Si mniSvnelobebis Casmis Semdeg r – manZilisaTvis miiReba bgeriTi
simZlavris doneebi (cxrili 14).
29
cxrili 14
bgeriTi simZlavris doneebi
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 90063 40.00 33.98 30.46 27.96 26.02 24.44 23.10 21.94 20.92
125 39.93 33.84 30.25 27.68 25.67 24.02 22.61 21.38 20.29250 39.85 33.68 30.01 27.36 25.27 23.54 22.05 20.74 19.57500 39.70 33.38 29.56 26.76 24.52 22.64 21.00 19.54 18.22
1000 39.40 32.78 28.66 25.56 23.02 20.84 18.90 17.14 15.522000 38.80 31.58 26.86 23.16 20.02 17.24 14.70 12.34 10.124000 37.60 29.18 23.26 18.36 14.02 10.04 6.30 2.74 0.008000 35.20 24.38 16.06 8.76 2.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
oqtaviuri
zolebis sa-
Sualo geo-
metriuli
bgeriTi wnevis doneebi decibalebSi, sawarmodan r manZilze (m)
garda amisa bgeris gavrcelebis siCqare damokidebulia haeris temperaturasa da
qaris siCqareze, xolo bgeris CaxSoba ganisazRvreba adgilis reliefiT da haeris
tenianobiT. yovelive aRniSnuli gaTvaliswinebuli iqneba akustikuri mdgomareobis
gaumjobesebisaTvis saWiro RonisZiebebis SemuSavebis dros.
teqnologiidan gamomdinare winaswari SefasebiT, sawarmoo obieqtisagan
mosalodneli xmauri ar unda aRematebodes dasaSveb normativebs axlomdebare
mosaxleobisaTvis, radgan xmauris gamomwvevi danadgarebi ganTavsebulia daxurul
SenobaSi (romelic sagrZnoblad amcirebs mis sidides). Tu instrumentaluri gazomvebi
aCveneben, rom xmaueis done gadaaWarbebs dasaSveb dones, maSin TviT xmauris gamomwvevi
ZiriTadi danadgari – wisqvilis doli SefuTuli iqneba xmis damxSobi saSualebiT.
vibracia
vibracia aris drekadi rxevebi da talRebi myar sxeulSi. vibracia warmoadgens
mavne sawarmoo faqtors, romlis zRvrulad dasaSveb doneebze maRali maCveneblebis
zemoqmedeba adamianSi iwvevs usiamovno SegrZnebebs, xolo xangrZlivi zemoqmedebis
SemTxvevaSi viTardeba paTologiuri cvlilebebi.
vibraciis zRvrulad dasaSvebi done (zdd) aris vibraciis faqtoris done,
romelic yoveldRiuri (garda dasvenebis dReebisa) muSaobisas,magram ara umetes 40
sT-isa kviraSi, mTeli samuSao staJis ganmavlobaSi ar unda iwvevdes daavadebas,
janmrTelobis mdgomareobaSi raime iseT gadaxras, romelic gamovlindeba
Tanamedrove kvlevis meTodebiT muSaobis periodSi, an mogvianebiT, an momdevno
Taobis sicocxlis ganmavlobaSi. vibraciis zdd-s dacva ar gamoricxavs zemgrZnobiare
pirebSi janmrTelobis mdgomareobis moSlas.
vibraciis dasaSvebi done sacxovrebel da sazogadoebriv SenobebSi aris vibraciis
faqtoris done, romelic ar aris Semawuxebeli adamianisaTvis da ar iwvevs vibraciuli
zemoqmedebisadmi mgrZnobiare sistemebisa da analizatorebis funqciuri mdgomareobis
maCveneblebis mniSvnelovan cvlilebebs.
saqarTveloSi vibraciis sakiTxebi regulirdeba normatiuli dokumentiT. vibracia
SeiZleba iyos:
30
- zogadi vibracia, romelic sayrdeni zedapiridan gadaecema mjdomare an fexze
mdgomi adamianis sxeuls;
- lokaluri vibracia, romelic xelebidan gadaecema adamians.
lokalur vibracias zemoqmedeba eqneba mosamsaxure personalze, xolo zogadi
vibracia SesaZlebelia gavrceldes obieqtis teritoriaze.
sawarmoSi arsebuli danadgarebi, romlebic warmoadgenen vibraciis gamomwvev
wyaros, ar aWarbeben dasaSveb normebs.
eleqtomagnituri gamosxiveba
saqarTveloSi atmosferul haerze eleqtomagnituri gamosxivebis mavne fizikuri
zemoqmedebis sakiTxebis reglamentireba xorcieldeba saqarTvelos kanonebiT da
kanonqvemdebare normatiuli dokumentebiT.
uaxloesi periodis monacemebis mixedviT arcerTi kompetenturi (praqtikuli Tu
samecniero profilis) organizaciis mier ar ganxorcielebula dakvirvebebi, romelic
reprezentatiuli iqneboda sakvlev teritoriaze eleqtomagnituri gamosxivebis fonis
dadgenisaTvis.
sawarmoSi arsebuli danadgarebis Seswavlis Sedegad dadginda, rom radiosixSiris
diapazonis eleqtomagnituri gamosxivebis intensivobis fonuri (faqtiuri) doneebi ar
aRemateba zRvrulad dasaSveb doneebs (10 mkvt/sm2).
zemoTaRniSnulis Sedegad SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom sawarmosa da mis mimdebared
selitebur teritoriaze eleqtomagnituri gamosxivebis intensivobis foni umniSvneloa
da aq momuSave, Tu mcxovreb adamianebs araviTar safrTxes ar uqmnis.
31
3. sawarmoo obieqtis bunebriv da socialur garemoze zemoqmedebis daxasiaTeba
3.1 teqnologiuri sqema da reglamenti
Sps “ture”-s kirqvis nedleulidan kiris miRebis qarxnis teqnologiuri sqema
iTvaliswinebs gansaxilveli tipis sawarmoo obieqtebis mimarT Tanamedrove moTxovnaTa
dakmayofilebas, rogorc produqciis udanakargo teqnologiuri etapebis SemoRebiT, ise
garemoSi mavne nivTierebaTa gamoyofis damcavi Tanamedrove danadgarebis gamoyenebiT.
aRniSnuli sqemis warmodgena efiZvneba saqmianobis teqnikur uzrunvelyofas, saboloo
produqtis miRebisaTvis saWiro mowyobiloba-danadgarebis ganlagebas da warmoebis
funqcionirebisaTvis aucilebeli sarezervo sistemis Seqmnas.
saqmianobisaTvis gamoyofili miwis nakveTis farTobi Seadgens 224 m2.
saqmianobisaTvis saWiro danadgarebis ganTavsebis mdgomareoba mocemulia sawarmo
obieqtis gen-gegmaze.
sawarmos wliuri warmadoba daaxloebiT Seadgens 9000 t kirs, romlis 1 tonis
sawarmoebladac ixarjeba daaxloebiT 1.6 t nedleuli, agreTve 160 kg ukrainis
antraciti. misi funqcionireba xorcieldeba Tanaxmad sawarmos damtkicebuli wesdebisa,
teqnikur-teqnologiuri reglamentaciisa da sxva saTanado direqtiuli dokumentaciisa.
sawarmos gaaCnia saxelmwifo licenzia saqmianobis ganxorcielebaze, nebadarTul
saqmianobaTa CamonaTvaliT, agreTve, statistikis saxelmwifo departamentis mier
gacemuli saregistracio mowmoba produqciaze Sesabamisobis serTifikatiT.
sawarmoSi Semotanili gadamuSavebuli (damsxvreuli saTanado zomemde) kirqvidan
kiris miReba xdeba martivi agebulebis or cal RumelebSi.
kirqvis qanebis maCveneblebidan Cans, rom yvelaze maRali aqtivobis kiri miiReba
naxevrad kristaluri da pelituri struqturis mqone kirqvebisagan, aseve maTi Sereuli
kombinaciiT miRebuli nedleulis gamowvis Sedegad.
praqtikuli miznebisaTvis didi mniSvneloba aqvs imis codnas, Tu ra raodenobis
kirs vRebulobT gamosawvav nedleulidan, romelic a. volJenskesis formulis mixedviT
Semdegnairad iangariSeba:
ü=C aü+ügü+S+ü(1-Z ); sadac C aü da ügü+ am Jangeulebis Semcvelobaa nedleulSi %-Si; S jamuri Semcvelobaa
nedleulSi SiC ü2+R2ü2 %-Si, X – dekarbonatatizaciis xarisxi gamowvis Sedegad.
sabados qimiuri Semadgenlobis monacemebis mixedviT ü=60%. mSrali nedleulis
woniTi xarji kiris wonis erTeulis misaRebad ganisazRvreba formuliT:
ü=100/ü=100/60=1.6 kg/kg.
vRebulobT, rom erTi erTeuli kiris misaRebad saWiroa 1.6 erTeuli kirqvis
nedleuli.
kiris gamowva xdeba e.w. „Saxturi“ agebulebis RumelebSi „wayris“ meTodiT,
romlis arsi SemdgomSi mdgomareobs (nax. 2. Rumelis agebuleba da muSaobis principi).
kiris gamowvis RumelebSi myar sawvavad gamoiyeneba ukrainuli antraciti natexebis
saxiT (zomiT 20 – 50 mm-iT). isini iyreba RumelebSi kirqvis damsxvreul masalasTan
erTad urTierT morigeobiT, proporciiT 1:9 dan 1:10-mde. e.i. erT wil antracitze
modis aTi wili kirqvis masala, nacvlad normisa 13 – 17 %-mde kirqvis masisa. sawvavis
32
pirobiTi aseTi xarjva ganpirobebulia imiT, rom tyibulis naxSiri antracitTan
SedarebiT dabali kaloriulobiT xasiTdeba.
Rumelebis Sevsebis Semdeg xdeba cecxlis wakideba Rumelis sul qveda nawilSi,
romelic Semdgom (ventilatoris muSaobis meSveobiT da aseve bunebrivi ventilaciiT)
cecxli gadaecema zeda fenebs. zeda Sris cecxlis wakidebis Semdeg, rac praqtikulad
imis maCvenebelia, rom qveda nawilSi kirqva gamomwvaria.
gamowvis procesis reaqcia Semdegnairad mimdinareobs:
C aC ü3 ⇔ C aü+C ü2 sadac Tavisufali C aü-s gamomwvari kiris xarisxi damokidebulia mraval
faqtorze, rogoricaa nedleulis qimiuri Semadgenloba, natexebis zoma, sawvavis
xarisxi, temperaturis reJimis SerCeva da am temperaturis drois gansazRvra.
RumelebSi wvis procesis sruli warmarTva amcirebs iseTi mavne nivTierebebis
gamoyofas, rogoricaa C ü - naxSirJangi
sawarmo gegmavs kiris gamosawvavi ori Rumelis rekonstruqcias, romlidanac orive
arsebulia da TiToeulis warmadoba 15 t/dRe-RameSi.
Saxturi Rumeli warmoadgens Rru cilindrs, romelsac aqvs aguris garsacmi,
xolo Signidan aqvs cecxlgamZle amonagebi. Rumeli dgas fundamentze, vertikalur
mdgomareobaSi. es Rumelebi xasiaTdeba moqmedebis uwyvetobiT, sawvavisa da
eleqtroenergiis mcire xarjiT da eqsploataciis ubraloebiT.
qvemoT mogvyavs kiris gamowvis Rumelis muSaobis teqnikuri reglamenti.
nax. 2. 15 t/dRe-RameSi simZlavris Rumelis muSaobis teqnikuri reglamenti.
kiris gamowvis RumelSi (or RumelSi erTi sistema) damontaJebulia gamwovi
sistema da gawovili air-mtvernarevis gamwmendi mowyobiloba, romlis arsi mdgomareobs
gamwmendi sistema
33
SemdegSi: sarqveli-6 geometriulad xuravs Rumels, saidanac gamwovi milis -7 meSveobiT
gamwovi tumbo-10 gaiwovs gamonabolqvs, romelic filtris-9 (damleqi kamera da sveli
mtverdamWeri) meSveobiT mtvrisa da Wvartlis jamuri daWera tolia (efeqturoba 98.8
%).
cxril 15-Si mocemulia gamomwvari kirqvis (kiris) fiziko-meqanikuri monacemebi
teqnologiuri sinjebis monacemebis mixedviT.
cxrili 15.
gamomwvari kirqvis (kiris) teqnologiuri sinjebis monacemebi
qanis dasaxeleba gamowvis
t0 gamowvis
t0 Cauqrobis
siCqare C aü+ügü
%
Cauqrobeli
marcvlebis
raodenoba
xarisxi 0179/59
standartis mix.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1. naxevrad kris-
taluri kirqvebi 1000 71 3.1 76.4 14.8 II
2. plitomorfu-
li kirqvebi 1000 54 5.4 69.1 23.0 arastandartuli
3. mergelovani
kirqvebi 1000 47 4.1 61.4 26.5 igive
Sereuli saxeoba
1+2 1000 86 3.5 76.27 0.3 II
cxrili 15-idan irkveva, rom standartis gaTvaliswinebiT II xarisxis produqcias
iZleva calke naxevrad kristaluri saSualo da sqelSreebrivi kirqvebi da kombinaciaSi
pelitomorful kirqvebTan erTad. calke politomorfuli da mergelovani kirqvebisagan
miRebuli produqcia arastandartuli maCveneblebiT xasiaTdebian da teqnologiis
DdRevandeli stadiaze isini ar gamodgebian kiris sawarmoeblad.
3.2. moTxovnebi bunebriv da energetikul resursebze
SezRuduli pasuxismgeblobis sazogadoeba “ture”-s kirqvis nedleulidan kiris
miRebis qarxnis saqmianoba gaTvlilia rogorc saqarTvelos sanedleule bazis
gamoyenebaze, aseve pirvel etapze mezobeli qveynebidan Semotanili qvanaxSirze. garemoze
zemoqmedebis Sefasebis mizniT saWiroa gaangariSebul iqnes bunebrivi da materialuri
resursebis xarji, romelic SeiZleba iyos mavne nivTierebebis atmosferul haerSi
gamofrqvevebis gaangariSebis safuZveli. upirveles yovlisa dadgenas moiTxovs erTeuli
produqciis misaRebad saWiro nedleulis xvedriTi xarjebis maxasiaTebeli.
sawarmo weliwadSi gegmavs 9000 tona kiris gamoSvebas, romlisTvisac gamoiyeneba:
- 14400 tona sanedleule masalas (kirqva);
- 1440 tona ukrainis antraciti;
- miwis farTobi 224 m2-s.
dagegmili saqmianobis uzrunvelyofa sanedleule resursebiT, eleqtroenergiiT,
wyalsadeniT, kavSirgabmulobis saSualebiT – xorcieldeba arsebuli samomxmareblo
qselebidan, saproeqto dokumentaciiT gansazvRruli sqemis gaTvaliswinebiT.
34
saxelmwifo standartis Tanaxmad sakire nedleulad kirqvaze wayenebuli moTxovnebis
pirobebi reglamentirebulia Semdegi saxiT (cxrili 16).
cxrili 16
moTxovnebi sakire nedleulisaTvis
qimiuri Semcveloba k l a s e b i
ü ü ü ü ü ü ü 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
C aC ü3 ara naklebi 89 86 77 72 52 47 72
ügC ü3 ara naklebi 5 7 20 20 45 45 8
Tixis minarevebi Siü2+ül2ü3+üe2ü3
ara naklebi 3 3 8 8 20 8 20
3.3. saqmianobiT gamowveuli zegavlenis analizi
3.3.1 dabinZurebis wyaroebi
aRniSnuli maxasiaTeblebis ñ sawarmos principuli funqcionirebis monacemebis
analizis safuZvelze dadgenili – garemos umTavresi dabinZurebis wyaroebia”
- Saxturi Rumeli (ori cali SeerTebuli erT gamwov da gamwmend sistemaSi), (g-1);
- nedleulis (kirqvis) miReba dasawyoeba, (g-2);
- nedleulis (qvanaxSiris) miReba dasawyoeba, (g-3);
- nedleulis (kirqva, qvanaxSiri) gadatvirTva RumelebSi, (g-4, g-5);
- kiris gadatvirTva manqanebSi, (g-6).
3.3.2. garemoSi gamoyofili mavne nivTierebebi
atmosferul haerSi gafrqveva:
sawarmos saqmianobis Sedegad atmosferoSi gamoiyofa sxvadasxva mavne nivTierebebi.
cxril-17-Si mocemulia sawarmoSi warmoqmnili mavne nivTierebebis kodi, zRvrulad
dasaSvebi koncentraciebi, gafrqvevis simZlavreebi da saSiSroebis klasi.
cxril-17-Si moyvanil nivTierebebs gaaCniaT garemoze da adamianis janmrTelobaze
mavne zemoqmedebis unari. qvemoT mocemulia zogierTi maTganis gavlena adamianis
janmrTelobaze.
azotis oqsidebi - azotis oqsidebidan ufro metad mavnebelia azotis (II)
oqsidi, magram atmosferul haerSi igi swrafad iJangeba azotis (IV) oqsidamde, amitom
warmoebaSi azotis oqsidebis wyarod miiCneven azotis (IV) oqsids. mowamvlis pirveli
niSnebia: xveleba, sisuste, Tavis tkivili. Semdeg iwyeba filtvebis SeSupeba da adgili
aqvs Jangbadis ukmarisobas. Semdeg warmoiSoba tkivili gulis areSi. toqsikurobiT
azotis (IV) oqsidi miekuTvneba me-2 klass.
naxSirbadis (II) oqsidi C ü - Tavisi toqsikurobiT miekuTneba me-4 klass. Zlier
saSiSi momwamvlelia, radgan arc feri aqvs da arc suni. igi Zalian gavrcelebuli airia.
warmoiqmneba organuli nivTierebebis arasruli wvis Sedegad. mowamvlis pirveli
niSnebia: Tavis tkivili da Tavbrusxveva, SemdgomSi ki grZnobis dakargva. naxSirbadis
35
oqsidiT mowamvlas xels uwyobs isic, rom sisxlis hemoglobini 200-jer xarbad etaneba
naxSirJangs, vidre Jangbads. izrdeba Jangbadis nakleboba sisxlSi - hipoqsemia, an
Jangbadis uqonloba - anoqsemia. zemoxsenebulis Sedegad xdeba organizmis daxrCoba.
gogirdis (IV) oqsidi, Sü2 - mcire raodenobiTac ki piris RruSi iZleva
arasasurvel gemos, aRizianebs sanerwyve jirkvlebs. organizmSi Tundac 0.2% gogirdis
oqsidisa iwvevs xixins, sunTqvis Sekvras da gonebis dakargvas. qronikuli mowamvla
iwvevs madis dakargvas, sasunTqi organoebis anTebas, kuWis Sekrulobas. Tavisi
toqsikurobiT miekuTvneba me-3 klass.
mtveri – warmoadgens haeris meqanikur minarevs. Tavisi toqsikurobiT ganekuTvneba
me-3 klass, romlis ZiriTadi mavne moqmedeba aris is, rom igi aris masSi an masze myofi
mikroorganizmebisa da gamomwvevi agenti gansazRvruli daavadebisa – pnevmokoniozisa, anu
filtvebis damtverianebisa.
Wvartli - toqsikurobiT miekuTvneba pirvel klass. is karcerogenuli nivTierebaa.
sawarmo valdebulia ise moawyos Tavisi saqmianoba, rom Tavisi teritoriis
farglebs gareT daculi iqnas cxril-17-Si moyvanili maqsimaluri erTjeradi
koncentraciebi, risTvisac saWiroa teqnologiuri reJimis zusti dacva.
cxrili 17.
mavne nivTierebaTa zRvrulad dasaSvebi koncentraciebi
mavne nivTierebis dasaxeleba
kodi
zRvrulad dasaSvebi koncentracia mg/m3 saSiSroebis
klasi maqsimaluri
erTjeradi
saSualo
dRe-Ramuri
1 2 3 4 5
mtveri 908 0.5 0.05 3
azotis dioqsidi, üü2 200 0.2 0.040 2
naxSirJangi, C ü 322 5.00 3.00 4
Wvartli 300 0.150 0.050 3
gogirdis dioqsidi, Sü2 701 0.500 0.050 3
wylis gamoyenebis sakiTxebi
garemosdacviTi damasabuTebeli dokumentaciis mocemul nawilSi saproeqto-
teqnikuri reglamentis safuZvelze warmodgenilia dagegmili saqmianobis sawarmoo
obieqtis funqcionirebis SemTxvevaSi mosalodneli wylis moxmarebisa da CaSvebis
Semdegi maCveneblebi:
- Camdinare wylebis kategoriebi da xarisxobrivi maCveneblebi;
dagegmili saqmianobisaTvis wyali gamoiyeneba sxvadasxva daniSnulebiT sawarmoo
aucileblobidan gamomdinare, wylis gamoyeneba gaTvaliswinebulia:
- sayofacxovrebo; - saxanZro miznebisaTvis. - sawarmoo sameurneo-fekaluri wylebis CaSveba xorcieldeba sawarmos teritoriaze
mowyobil amosawmend ormoSi, romlis gatana xorcieldeba periodulad.
36
4. garemos mdgomareobis raodenobrivi da xarisxobrivi
maxasiaTeblebis cvlilebebis prognozi
4.1. atmosferuli haeri
atmosferul haerze zemoqmedebis warmoqmna dakavSirebulia sawarmoo cikliT
gaTvaliswinebul etapebTan da am mxriv misi albaToba erTis tolia, aq gansakuTrebul
mniSvnelobas iZens mosalodneli emisiis daxasiaTeba da zRvrulad dasaSvebi
gamofrqvevebis normativebis dadgena.
zedapiruli wylebis dabinZurebis faqtorebi sawarmos ar gaaCnia.
niadagze zemoqmedebas adgili aqvs mxolod sawarmos teritoriaze
avtotransportidan navTobproduqtebis SemTxveviT daRvris SemTxvevebSi.
imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom mocemul dokumentSi ganxilul garemoze zemoqmedebis
SefasebasTan erTad mimdinareobda sawarmoo obieqtis mier garemoSi gamoyofil mavne
nivTierebaTa atmosferuli haeris dacvisa da zRvruli dasaSvebi gamofrqvevebis CaSvebis
normativebis proeqtebis damuSaveba, SesaZlebloba arsebobs miTiTebuli Sefaseba
ganxorcieldes reprezetatuli monacemebis analizis safuZvelze.
emisiebis garemoSi gavrcelebis SemzRudavi saSualebebis gamoyenebis gareSe,
aRniSnuli damabinZurebeli wyaroebis erToblivi moqmedebiT, atmosferuli haeris
mdgomareobis cvlileba, misi miwispira Semadgenlobis xarisxobrivi da raodenobrivi
maxasiaTeblebis saprognozo maCveneblebi ver uzrunvelyofen atmosferuli haeris dacvis,
adamianis janmrTelobisaTvis uvnebeli da garemos sxva komponentebisaTvis dasaSvebi
moTxovnebis Sesrulebas.
kerZod, emisiebis garemoSi gavrcelebis SemzRudavi saSualebebis gamoyenebis gareSe,
dagegmili saqmianobis ganxorcieleba – dadgenili teqnologiuri reglamentisa da
teqnologiuri danadgarebis eqspluataciis pirobebSi, rogorc sawarmoo moednis
farglebSi, aseve mis gareTac - warmoSobs miwispira atmosferul haerSi mavne nivTierebaTa
saprognozo koncentraciebs, romlebic sagrZnoblad gadaaWarbeben zdk-s dasaSveb normebs.
aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom teqnologiur ciklSi CarTuli mavne nivTierebaTa damWeri
saSualebebis gavlis Semdeg, emisiebis maxasiaTeblebi ar aWarbeben zdk-s dadgenil normebs,
rac dasturdeba qvemoT moyvanili gaTvlebis SedegebiT.
mavne nivTierebebis saxeobebi da emisiis moculobebi sawarmodan gafrqveuli haeris ZiriTadi damabinZurebeli nivTierebebia:
araorganuli mtveri, azotis orJangi, naxSirJangi, gogirdis orJangi da Wvartli.
angariSi Sesrulebulia sawarmos maqsimaluri datvirTvis pirobebisaTvis saangariSo
meTodebis da sawarmos mier mowodebuli informaciis gaTvaliswinebiT.
gafrqvevebi 15 tona/dRe-RameSi warmadobis Saxturi Rumelebidan (g-1)
rogorc ukve aRiniSna, 15 t/dRe-RameSi warmadobis Saxturi TiToeuli Rumeli
sawvavad iyenebs mxolod myar sawvavs (ukrainis antracits). yoveli tona gamoSvebuli
produqciaze ixarjeba 0.16 tona qvanaxSiri.
37
Saxtur RumelSi yovel kilogram gamoSvebul produqciaze gamoiyofa 7 m3
gaWuWyianebuli airnarevi, romelSic mtvris koncentracia Seadgens 10 g/m3-Si.
temperatura airnarevisa tolia 175 0C . radgan TiToeuli Rumelis warmadoba dRe-
RameSi tolia 15 tona, amitom gamoyofili airnarevis moculoba toli iqneba
7X15000=105000 m3/dRe-RameSi, anu 1.215 m3/wm. radgan mtvris koncentracia Seadgens 10
g/m3-Si, amitom dRe-RameSi gamoyofili mtvris raodenoba gawmendis gareSe toli iqneba
105000X10=1050000 gramis, anu 1.05 tonis. radgan TiToeuli Rumelis wliuri samuSao
dReTa raodenoba igegmeba 300 dRe-Rame, amitom wliuri gafrqveva gawmendis gareSe
toli iqneba 1.05X300=315 tona weliwadSi. xolo orive Rumelebidan jamuri gafrqvevis
intensivobebi gawmendis gareSe toli iqneba:
ü=315.000x2=630.000 t/wel.
orive Saxturi Rumelidan gamomavali airmtvernarevi (2.43 m3/wm) pirvel
safexurze gaivlis mtverdamleq kameras, romlis efeqturoba tolia 12%-is, maSin
Sesabamisad gafrqvevis intensivoba toli iqneba:
ü=630.000x0.88=554.400 t/wel.
xolo meore safexuris gamwmend sistemaSi (svel mtverdamWeri sistema –
skruberi) gavlis Semdeg, romlis efeqturoba tolia 90 %-is, maSin wliuri gafrqveva
gawmendis gaTvaliswinebiT toli iqneba:
ü=554.400x0.1=55.440 t/wel.
radgan Saxtuli Rumeli muSaobs 24 saaTiani reJimiT weliwadSi 300 dRe-Rame
(uwyveti samuSao dRiT), gafrqvevis intensivoba toli iqneba:
ü=55.440x106/(3600x24x300)=2.139 g/wm.
rogorc ukve aRiniSna Saxturi Rumeli sawvavad iyenebs mxolod myar sawvavs
(doneckis qvanaxSirs - antracits). yovel tona gamoSvebul produqciaze ixarjeba 0.16
tona qvanaxSiri. radgan wliuri warmadoba Rumelisa tolia 9000 tonisa, amitom
gamoyenebuli qvanaxSiris wliuri raodenoba toli iqneba 9000x0.16=1440 tonis.
Rumelidan wvis produqtebis atmosferoSi mavne nivTierebaTa gafrqvevebi
iangariSeba formuliT:
( ),01.01001.0 43 qRQBqM rico −=
( ),1KQB001.0M22 NO
riNO β−=
),)((BS.M SOSOr
SO 22211020 ηη ′′−′−=
)1( η−= fBAM rüüüüü
sadac üC ü, üüü2, üSü2, üüüüüü. aris Sesabamisad, naxSirJangis (C ü), azotis
orJangis (üü2), gogirdis orJangis (Sü2) da myari nawilakebis (Wvartli) gafrqvevis
simZlavreebi, g/wm an t/wel.
ü - sawvavis xarjia, g/wm an t/wel.
q 3 - sawvavis arasruli qimiuri wviT gamowveuli siTbos danakargia,%;
38
q 4 - sawvavis arasruli meqanikuri wviT gamowveuli siTbos danakargebia, %-Si. Tu
ar aris mowyobilobis eqsploataciis monacemebi, maSin q 3 da q 4 mniSvnelobebs iReben
cxrilidan.
R - koeficientia, romelic iTvaliswinebs saSbobis arasruli qimiuri wvis
Sedegad danakargebis wils, rac gamowveulia wvis produqtebSi naxSirJangis oqsidebis
SemcvelobiT.
üIr - naturaluri saTbobis wvis umciresi siTboa, mgj/kg, mgj/m3;
üüü2 - parametria, romelic axasiaTebs azotis oqsidebis raodenobas, 1 gj siTbos
gamoyofisas;
β - koeficientia, romelic damokidebulia gafrqvevis Sesamcireblad gamoyenebuli
teqnikuri mowyobilobebis mdgomareobaze;
Sr ñ sawvavSi gogirdis Semcveloba, %
ηISü2 ñ gogirdis oqsidebis wilia, romelic dakavSirebulia sawvavis aqrolad
nawilTan;
ηIISü2 ñ mtverdamWerSi Sekavebuli gogirdis oqsidebis wilia, mSrali
nacardamWerisaTvis ηIISü2=0, xolo svelisaTvis is damokidebulia morwyvisTvis
gamoyenebuli wylis tutianobaze;
ür - sawvavis nacrianobaa, %;
η - myari nawilakebis wilia, romlis daWerac xdeba nacardamWerSi, η=0;
Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, zemoT moyvanili koeficientebis mniSvnelobebs maSin gveqneba:
gaangariSebis gaadvilebis mizniT erTeuli sawvavisaTvis (ü=1 g/wm an 1 t/wel)
xvedriTi gafrqvevis koeficientebis mniSvnelobebi mocemulia cxri 18-Si.
cxrili 18.
ü aRniSvna ganzomileba sawvavis saxe
SeniSvna antraciti
1 2 3 4 5 1 q 3 % 0.5 0.5
2 q 4 % 1.35 1.35
3 R - 1.0 1.0
4 üIr mj/kg 23.74 23.74
5 üüü2 kg/gj 0.075 0.075
6 β 0.0 0.0
7 Sr % 3.0 3.0
8 ηISü2 - 0.1 0.1
9 ηIISü2 - 0 0
10 ür % 10 10
11 η - 0.985 0.985
12 f 0.0019 0.0019
39
aRniSnuli koeficientebis gaTvaliswinebiT doneckis qvanaxSirisaTvis (antraciti)
gveqneba:
üC ü=0.001x0.5x1.0x23.74x (1-0.01x1.35)xü=0.0117xü;
üüü2=0.001x23.74x0.075x (1-0.00)xü=0.00178xü;
üSü2=0.02x3.0x (1-0.1)x (1-0)xü=0.054xü;
üüüüüüüü=10.0x0.0019x (1-0.985)xü=0.000285xü;
gafrqvevis simZlavre ü ganisazRvreba xvedriTi gafrqvevis mniSvnelobebis
gadamravlebiT ü sawvavis xarjze:
ü=qxü;
radgn dRe-RameSi qvanaxSiris xarji TiToeul rumelSi tolia tolia 2.4 tonis,
anu oriveSi 4.8 tonis amitom wamuri jamuri xarji qvanaxSirisa orive RumelisaTvis
toli iqneba:
ü=4.8x106/(24x3600)=55.55 g/wm.
maSasadame gafrqvevis intensivobebi toli iqneba:
üC ü=0.0117xü=0.0117x55.55=0.649935 g/wm;
üüü2=0.00178xü =0.00178x55.55=0.098879 g/wm;
üSü2=0.054xü=0.054x55.55=3.000 g/wm;
üüüüüüüü=0.000285xü=0.000285x55.55=0.01583175 g/wm;;
Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom weliwadSi gamoiyeneba 4.8X300=1440.000 tona
qvanaxSiri, maSin wliurad gafrqveli mavne nivTierebaTa raodenoba toli iqneba:
üC ü=0.0117xü=0.0117x 1440.000=16.848 t/wel;
üüü2=0.00178xü =0.00178x 1440.000=2.563 t/wel;
üSü2=0.054xü=0.054x 1440.000=77.760 t/wel;
üüüüüüüü=0.000285xü=0.000285x 1440.000=0.410 t/wel;
rogorc cnobilia naxSirorJangis raodenoba Saxturi Rumelidan gamomaval
airebSi Seadgens 40 %-s. radgan RumelSi dRe-RameSi gamoiyofa 210000 m3 airi, anu
126000 kg anu 126 tona, aqedan gamomdinare weliwadSi gafrqveuli masa toli iqneba:
üC ü2=126x300=37800 t/wel;
ori Saxturi Rumeli SeerTebulia erTian gamwov da gamwmend sistemaSi
(gafrqvevis g-1 wyaro), romlis gafrqvevis wyaros simaRle miwispiridan tolia 15
metris, diametri 0.5 metri da moculobiTi jamuri siCqare 105000x2=210000 m3/dRe-
RameSi, anu 210000/(24X3600)=2.4306 m3/wm.
40
gafrqvevebi nedleulis Senaxvisa da RumelebSi CatvirTvisas.
nedleulis avtoTviTmclelebidan Camoclis da RumelebSi Cayrisas gamoyofili
mtvris raodenoba iangariSeba formuliT:
ümtv. = ü1 ü ü2 ü ü3 ü ü4 ü ü5 ü ü7 x ü x ü ü 106 /3600 g/wm, (4.1)
sadac
ü1 - masalaSi mtvris fraqciis wilia;
ü2 - mtvris mTliani masidan aerozolSi gadasuli mtvris wilia;
ü3 - mtvris warmoqmnaze qaris siCqaris gavlenis maxasiaTebeli koeficientia;
ü4 - gareSe zemoqmedebisagan sawyobis dacviTunarianobis maxasiaTebeli koeficientia;
ü5 - mtvris warmoqmnaze masalis sinotivis gavlenis maxasiaTebeli koeficientia;
ü7 - gadasamuSavebeli masalis zomebis maxasiaTebeli koeficientia;
ü - gadatvirTvis simaRleze damokidebulebis koeicientia;
ü - danadgaris warmadobaa, t/sT;
gafrqvevebi nedleulis (kirqvis da qvanaxSiris) sawyobidan
nedleulis sawyobidan gamoyofili mtvris raodenoba iangariSeba formuliT:
ümtv. = ü3 ü ü4 ü ü6 ü ü7 x q x f g/wm, (4.2)
sadac
ü3 - mtvris warmoqmnaze qaris siCqaris gavlenis maCvenebeli koeficientia;
ü4 - mtvris warmoqmnaze masalis sinotivis gavlenis maCvenebeli koeficientia;
ü6 - dasasawyobebeli masalis zedapiris profilis maCvenebeli koeficientia,
meryeobs 1,3-dan 1,6-mde;
ü7 - gadasamuSavebeli masalis zomebis maxasiaTebeli koeficientia;
q - mtvris watacebis intensivobaa 1 m2 faqtiuri zedapiris farTobidan, g/m2 wm;
f - amtverebis zedapiria, m2.
aRniSnuli koeficientebisa da sidideebis mniSvnelobebi sawarmos konkretuli
pirobebisaTvis movemulia cxril 19-Si.
41
cxrili 19.
masalebis gafrqvevis maxasiaTeblebi
ü parametris dasaxeleba aRniSvna ganzomilebis
erTeuli
parametris mniSvneloba
kirqva kiri qvanaxSiri 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 masalaSi mtvris fraqciis
wili ü1 masiuri wili 0.04 0.04 0.03
2 mtvris mTliani masidan
aerozolSi gadasuli
mtvris wili ü2 ì . . . ì 0.02 0.02 0.02
3 mtvris warmoqmnaze qaris
siCqaris gavlenis
maxasiaTebeli koeficienti ü3 uganz. koef. 1.2 1.2 1.2
4 gareSe zemoqmedebisagan
sawyobis dacviTunarianobis
max. koeficienti ü4 uganz. koef. 1.0 1.0 1.0
5 mtvris warmoqmnaze masalis
sinotivis gavlenis
maxasiaTebeli koeficienti ü5 uganz. koef. 0.4 0.4 0.4
6 masalis zedapiris
profilze damokidebulebis
koeficienti
ü6 uganz. koef. 1.3 1.3 1.3
7 gadasamuSavebeli masalis
zomebis maxasiaTebeli
koeficienti ü7 uganz. koef. 0.5 0.5 0.5
8 1 m2 farTobidan mtvris
ataceba q ü/ü2üü 0.003 0.005 0.005
9 sawyobis farTobi ü ü2 100 - 50 10 obieqtis mwarmoebloba ü ü/üü 1.00
2.00* 1.24 0.1
0.2* 11 gadatvirTvis simaRleze
damokidebulebis
koeficienti ü uganz. koef. 0.5 0.5 0.5
SeniSvna: * - jamuri raodenoba orive RumelisaTvis.
gafrqvevebi nedleulis (kirqvis) miReba-dasawyoebisas, g-2 gafrqvevis wyaro.
gafrqvevebi kirqvis dasawyoebisas
nedleulis (kiqvisa) avtoTviTmclelebidan Camoclisa da dasawyoebis dros
gamoyofili mtvris raodenoba iangariSeba formula (4.1)-Si cxril-19-is sveti 5
monacemebis CasmiT.
ü=0.04×0.02×1.2×1.0×0.4x0.5x2.0×0.5×106/3600=0.05333 g/wm
ü=0.05333×24x3600x300/106=1.382 t/wel.
42
gafrqvevebi kirqvis sawyobidan
nedleulis (kiqvisa) sawyobidan gamoyofili mtvris raodenoba iangariSeba
formula (4.1)-Si cxril-19-is sveti 5 monacemebis CasmiT.
ü=1.2×1.0×1.3×0.5×0.003x100=0.2340 g/wm
ü=0.234×24x3600x365/106=7.379 t/wel.
maSasadame gafrqvevis jamuri intensivoba kirqvis miReba-dasawyoebisas gafrqvevis
g-2 wyarodan toli iqneba:
ü=0.05333+0.2340=0.2873 g/wm
ü=1.382+7.379=8.762 t/wel.
gafrqvevebi nedleulis (antracitis) miReba-dasawyoebisas, g-3 gafrqvevis wyaro.
gafrqvevebi antracitis dasawyoebisas
nedleulis (kiqvisa) avtoTviTmclelebidan Camoclisa da dasawyoebis dros
gamoyofili mtvris raodenoba iangariSeba formula (4.1)-Si cxril-19-is sveti 7
monacemebis CasmiT.
ü=0.03×0.02×1.2×1.0×0.4x0.5x0.2×0.5×106/3600=0.004 g/wm
ü=0.004×24x3600x300/106=0.104 t/wel.
gafrqvevebi antracitis sawyobidan
nedleulis (antracitis) sawyobidan gamoyofili mtvris raodenoba iangariSeba
formula (4.1)-Si cxril-19-is sveti 5 monacemebis CasmiT.
ü=1.2×1.0×1.3×0.5×0.005x50=0.1950 g/wm
ü=0.1950×24x3600x365/106=6.150 t/wel.
maSasadame gafrqvevis jamuri intensivoba antracitis miReba-dasawyoebisas
gafrqvevis g-3 wyarodan toli iqneba:
ü=0.004+0.1950=0.1990 g/wm
ü=0.1042+6.150=6.253 t/wel.
gafrqvevebi kirqvisa da qvanaxSiris kiris RumelebSi Cayrisas (g-4, g-5):
kirqvis Cayra TiToeul RumelSi
ü=0.04×0.02×1.2×1.0×0.4x0.5x1.0×0.5×106/3600=0.02667 g/wm
ü=0.02667×24x3600x300/106=0.691 t/wel.
qvanaxSiris Cayra TiToeul RumelSi:
ü=0.03×0.02×1.2×1.0×0.4x0.5x0.1×0.5×106/3600=0.002 g/wm
43
ü=0.002×24x3600x300/106=0.052 t/wel.
xolo jamuri gafrqveva kirqvisa da antracitis Cayrisas TiToeuli Rumelidan
toli iqneba:
ü=0.02667+0.002=0.02867 g/wm
ü=0.691+0.052=0.743 t/wel.
xolo orive RumelSi YCayrisas jamuri intensivobebi toli iqneba:
ü=0.02867x2=0.057333 g/wm
ü=0.743x2=1.486 t/wel.
gafrqvevebi kiris manqanebSi Cayrisas (g-6):
TiToeuli Rumelidan kiris manqanebSi Cayrisas gamoyofili mtvris raodenoba
iangariSeba formula (4.1)-Si cxril-19-is sveti 6 monacemebis CasmiT.
ü=0.04×0.02×1.2×1.0×0.4x0.5x1.24×0.5×106/3600=0.033067 g/wm
ü=0.033067×24x3600x300/106=0.857 t/wel.
sul jamuri gafrqvevebis intensivoba gafrqvevis yvela wyarodan mtvrisa tolia:
ü=2.139+0.2873+0.1990+0.057333+0.033067=2.7156 g/wm.
ü=55.440+8.762+6.253+1.486+0.857=72.798 t/wel.
44
atmosferul haerSi mavne nivTierebaTa gafrqvevis parametrebi cxrili 20
warmoebis saamqros ubnis dasaxeleba
wyaros nomeri
gafrqveva-gamoyofis wyaros
damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa gafrqvevis wyaros muSaobis dro,
sT
damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa
gafrqvevis wyaros parametrebi
airhaerovani narevis parametrebi damabinZurebel
nivTierebaTa wyaros gamosvlis adgilas
damabinZ nivTie-rebaTa kodi dasaxeleba
atmosferul haerSi damabnZurebe nivTierebaTa gafrqvevis simZlavre
damabinZurebel
nivTierebaTa
gafrqvevis
wyaros
kordinatebi, m. dasaxeleba raod dRe-RameSi weliwadSi simaRle diametri
siCqare, m/wm
Vjwekj, re,8v2ov
ntvgthfn uhflC g/wm t/wel
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Saxturi Rumelebis
erTiani gamwovi
mili
g-1 mili 1 24 7200 15.0 0.5 12.385 2.4306 220
908 2.139 55.440
0 0
200 0.098879 2.563
322 0.649935 16.848
701 3.000 77.760
300 0.01583175 0.410
C ü2 - 37800.000
kirqvis sawyobi g-2 Aaraorgan
iz. wyaro 1 24 8760 4.0 0.5 1.5 0.29452 28 908 0.2873 8.762 0 -80
antracitis sawyobi g-3 Aaraorgan
iz. wyaro 1 24 8760 4.0 0.5 1.5 0.29452 28 908 0.1990 6.253 10 -80
nedleulis Cayra
Saxtur RumelSi g-4
Aaraorgan
iz. wyaro 1 24 7200 4.0 0.5 1.5 0.29452 28 908 0.02867 0.743 -25 -105
nedleulis Cayra
Saxtur RumelSi g-5
Aaraorgan
iz. wyaro 1 24 7200 4.0 0.5 1.5 0.29452 28 908 0.02867 0.743 -15 -115
kiris CatvirTva
avtotransportSi g-6
Aaraorgan
iz. wyaro 1 24 7200 4.0 0.5 1.5 0.29452 60 908 0.033067 0.857 -20 -120
45
4.2. wylis gamoyeneba.
sawarmoSi wyali gamoiyeneba sxvadasxva miznebisaTvis, kerZod:
- sasmel-sameurneo;
- sawarmo (mtvris gamwmend sistemaSi);
- saxanZro.
sasmel-sameurneo wylis xarji miRebulia "komunaluri wyalmomaragebisa da
kanalizaciis sistemebiT sargeblobis wesebis" mixedviT)damtkicebulia saqarTvelos
urbanizaciisa da mSeneblobis ministris 1998 w. 21 oqtombris #81 brZanebiT) da
Seadgens:
- sasadilosTvis – 25 l/erT mosadileze,
- sxva sasmel-sameurneo miznebisaTvis – 45 l/kacze dReSi..
sawarmos ar gaaCnia sasadilo. sawarmoSi dasaqmebulia sul 20 adamiani.
aRniSnulidan gamomdinasre, wylis maqsimaluri xarji dRe-RameSi (Tu miviReT, rom
TanamSromlebis 100% sargeblobs aRniSnul wylebs):
20 X 45 = 900 l/ dRe-RameSi. = 0.900 kub.m/ dRe-RameSi, anu weliwadSi
0.9x300=270 m3/wel.
sawarmoo miznebisaTvis wyali gamoiyeneba svel mtverdamWer sistemaSi –
skruberSi, romelic brunviT sistemaSia. wylis danakargebis Sesavsebad dReRameSi
maqsimum ixarjeba 4 m3 wyali, anu weliwadSi 4X300=1200 m3. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom
brunviT sistemaSi wylis raodenoba ar aRemateba 300 m3-s, sul wylis xarji sawarmoo
miznebisaTvis weliwadSi ar aRemanteba 1500 m3-s.
saxanZro miznebisaTvis – saxanZro rezervuaris maragis SevsebisaTvis 30 m3
xanZarsawinaaRmdego avzidan sistemaSi miwodebuli wylis xarji gaTvaliswinebulia 15
wuTian xanZarqrobaze 30 l/wm xarjiT. maSin erT qrobaze saWiro wylis raodenoba
iqneba: 15x60x30/1000=27 m3/erT Caqrobaze.
sawarmoSi arsebuli Senoba-nagebobebidan gamomdinare, sawarmoSi xanZris albaToba
Zalian mcirea.
wylis aRebis wyaroebi
sasmel-sameurneo da sawarmo miznebisaTvis wylis momarageba xorcieldeba
adgilobrivi wyalmomaragebis sistemidan (q. dedofliswyaros wyalmomaragebis
sistemidan).
arsebuli saproeqto dokumentaciis mixedviT, sawarmoSi gamoyenebuli wylis
jamuri xarji iqneba 270+1500+30=1800 m3/wel.
Camdinare wylebi
sawarmoSi warmoiqmneba Semdegi saxis Camdinare wylebi:
sawarmoo sameurneo-fekaluri wylebis CaSveba xorcieldeba sawarmos teritoriaze
mowyobil amosawmend oemoSi, saidanac ganxorcieldeba misi perioduli gatana .
sameurneo-fekaluri Camdinare wylebis SemadgenlobaSi _ rogorc wesi, Sedis:
47
- gauxsneli minarevebi, romlebic wyalSi msxvil Sewonil mdgomareobaSi
imyofebian da araorganuli warmoSobis arian;
- koloiduri nivTierebebi, romlebic Sedgebian mineraluri da organuli
nawilakebisagan;
- gaxsnili nivTierebebi, romlebic wyalSi imyofebian molekulur- dispersuli
nawilakebis saxiT.
sameurneo-fekaluri Camdinare wylebis dabinZurebis ZiriTadi maxasiaTebeli
nivTierebebi arian: Sewonili nawilakebi, organuli nivTierebebi, azotis naerTebi,
polifosfatebi, cximebi, qloridebi, kaliumi.
am kategoriis Camdinare wyalTan erTad CaSvebuli damabinZurebeli nivTierebebis
masa erT sulze dReRameSi TiTqmis mudmivi sididea.
qvemoT mocemul cxril 21-Si moyvanilia sameurneo-fekalur Camdinare wyalSi
damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa masa msoflio janmrTelobis organizaciis monacemebiT
(Rapid üssessm ent of üir, W ater and üand üollution Sourses, W üü, 1982).
cxrili 21.
Camdinare wylebSi erTi adamianis mier dReRameSi gamoyofili damabinZurebeli
nivTierebebis masa
damabinZurebeli nivTiereba datvirTvis faqtori,
g/1 adamianze dReRameSi
Jbm5 45-54
Jqm (biqromati) 1,6 Jbm5–- 1,9 Jbm5
saerTo organuli naxSirbadi 0,6 Jbm5 –- 1,0 Jbm5
Sewonili nawilakebi 70 –- 145
qloridebi 4 –- 8
saerTo azoti (ü) organuli azoti
Tavisufali amoniumi
nitrati
6 –- 12
0,4 X saerTo ü 0,6 X saerTo ü
0-dan 0,5-mde X saerTo ü saerTo fosfori (ü) organuli fosfori
araorganuli fosfori
(orto- da polifosfati)
0,6 –- 4,5
0,3 X saerTo ü 0,7 X saerTo ü
kaliumi (ü20) 2 –- 6
saniaRvre wylebis raodenoba iangariSeba formuliT:
q=10xq1xüxk
sadac,
q1 - aris wvimis xvedriTi intensioba mm/drois erTeulSi da mocemuli regionisaTvis
udris 14 mm/sT-Si;
F - teritoriis farTobia, udris 224 m2 an 0.0224 ha. k – Sesworebis koeficientia da am sawarmosaTvis tolia 0.5.
zemoT aRniSnuli monacemebis safuZvelze gveqneba:
q=10x14x0.0224x0.5=1.568 m3/sT.
48
Tu, wvimis xangrZlivoba pirobiTad miRebuli iqneba dReRameSi Seadgens 2.5 sT-s
odenobiT, maSin qdR.saS=1.568x2.5=3.92 m3/dR.
saniaRvre wylebi ar moiTxoven damatebiT gawmendas da is moxvdeba saniaRvre
arxebSi.
4.3. niadagebi
sawarmos funqcionirebis Sedegad warmoqmnili, mavne nivTierebebis emisiebis
gavlenas sawarmos ganlagebis zonis niadagur safarze praqtikulad adgili ar aqvs. amas
ganapirobebs is garemoeba, rom sawarmoo teqnologiuri procesebis yvela ciklis
funqcionireba-realizacia, ar warmoqmnis niadagis dabinZurebis SesaZleblobas da
Sesabamisad ar arsebobs winapiroba niadaguri zedapiris dabinZurebis warmoqmnis
mimarTulebiT
4.4. fauna da flora
rogorc ukve aRiniSna, dagegmili saqmianobis sawarmo mdebareobs q.
dedofliswyaros, samrewvelo zonaSi, romlis uSualo siaxlove ar moicavs tyian -
mravalwliani mcenareuli safaris zonas da ar xasiaTdeba bunebriv pirobebSi
gavrcelebuli gareul cxovelTa saxeobebiT. aqedan gamomdinare, bunebrivia dagegmili
saqmianobiT ar moxdeba adgilobriv faunasa da floraze raime mniSvnelovani uaryofiTi
anTropogenuri zegavlena
49
5. saqmianobis Sedegad SesaZlebeli avariuli situaciebis
albaToba da maTi mosalodneli Sedegebis Tavidan acilebis
winadadebebi
savaraudo teqnologiuri avariebis SesaZleblobis daSvebis SefasebisaTvis
aucilebelia sruli teqnologiuri ciklis TiTeuli etapis eqstremaluri pirobebis
detaluri ganxilva. gansakuTrebul yuradRebas moiTxovs xanZar-sawinaaRmdego,
wyalmomaragebis da eleqtromomaragebis usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofa.
sawarmom gansakuTrebiT yuradReba unda miaqcios :
- Saxtur RumelebSi sawvavis wvis procesebis mimdinareobas ;
- gamwmend danadgarze wylis miwodebis procesis uwyvetobas.
sawarmoo obieqtis normaluri funqcionirebisaTvis gaTvaliswinebulia
xanZarsawinaaRmdego, wyalmomaragebis da eleqtromomaragebis usafrTxoebis saerTo
daniSnulebis, agreTve konkretuli pirobebisaTvis gansazrvruli RonisZiebebi, romelTa
dacvaze kontrols axorcielebs dasaxlebuli punqtis mmarTvelobis Sesabamisi
samsaxurebi. im SesaZlebeli avariuli situaciebis Tavis arideba, romelic mosalodnelia
eleqtrosadenebze xanZris gavrcelebiT, el.energiuis miwodebis SewyvetiT – xorcieldeba
sawarmos xelmZRvanelobis piradi pasuxismgeblobiT, investoris mier damtkicebuli
specialuri profilaqtikuri RonisZiebebis dacvis uzrunvelyofiT.
sawarmo procesis yvela ubani teqnikurad uzrunvelyofilia avariebis prevenciis
saSualebebiT. amitom nebismieri incidenti sawyis stadiaSive ispoba mowyobilobis
avariuli gamorTvis da Sedegebis lokalizaciiT.
atmosferuli eleqtruli movlenebisagan, agreTve statikuri denebisagan dacvis
mizniT sawarmoo obieqtze montaJdeba Sesabamisi liTonis mexamridebi da xelovnuri
damiwebis konturebi.
sawarmoSi lokaluri xanZrebis gaCenis SemTxvevisaTvis igegmeba specialuri
cecxlsaqrobi saSualebebi..
profilaqtikuri RonisZiebebi
1. Saxturi Rumelebidan gamomavali airebis saventilacio sistemisa da mtverdamWeri
sistemaze unda xorcieldebodes mudmivi kontroli maTi gamarTulad muSaobisaTvis..
2. yvela amwe meqanizmis sistemuri profilaqtikuri Semowmeba.maTi moqmedebis arealis
SemosazRvra Tavad teqnologiuri reglamentis nawilia da misi Sesruleba
savaldebuloa.
3. sawarmos yvela ubanze unda tardebodes sistematiuri perioduli usafrTxoebis
dacvis inspeqcia, romelic daadgens mowyobilobis da prevenciis saSualebebis teqnikur
gamarTulobas.
4. gaumarTaobis SemTxvevaSi unda moxdes myisi reagireba.
5. sawarmoSi unda tardebodes sistematurad personalis instruqtaJi usafrTxoebis
teqnikaSi.
avariul situacebSi sakontrolo RonisZiebaTa CamonaTvali
sawarmos mimdinare saqmianobis procesSi SesaZlo avariuli situaciebis Tavidan
acilebis RonisZiebebis SemuSavebamde unda moxdes avariuli risk-faqtorebis Sefaseba,
50
romlis mizania erTi mxriv xeli Seuwyos gadawyvetilebis miRebas obieqtis
funqcionirebis mizanSewonilebis TvalsazrisiT, meores mxriv Seqmnas safuZveli garemoze
negatiuri zemoqmedebis Tavidan asacilebeli an mniSvnelovnad Semarbilebeli RonisZiebebis
dasadgenad.
amasTan arsebiTia is garemoeba, rom riskis Sefaseba pirdapir aris damokidebuli am
RonisZiebebis kompleqsis Semadgenlobaze.
garemosdacviTi mimarTulebis receptorebze zemoqmedebis moxdena warmoadgens mizez-
Sedegobrivi jaWvis bolo rgols, romlis ZiriTadi komponentebia:
• teqnologiuri sqemiT gaTvaliswinebuli calkeul samuSaoebTan dakavSirebuli
riskis Semcveli situaciebis warmoqmna (xanZari, satransporto saSualebebidan
navTobproduqtebis daRvris saSiSroeba)
• mgrZnobiare receptorebze (atmosferuli haeri, niadagi, grunti an zedapiruli
wylebi, habitatebis zogierTi saxeobebi) negatiuri zemoqmedeba.
negatiuri zemoqmedebis maxasiaTeblebia damabinZurebeli wyaroebis albaToba, xarisxi
da moculoba (SesaZlebelia zemoqmedebis wyaros albaToba iyos maRali, magram
zemoqmedebis sidide saSualo).
zogadad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom sawarmos mimdinare saqmianobis procesSi avariebis
Tavidan acilebis mizniT, daculi unda iqnas saqarTveloSi moqmedi usafrTxoebis
standartebis moTxovnebi. gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnas zogadi da specialuri moTxovnebi
mavne nivTierebebis mimarT, kerZod: feTqebusafrTxoeba, biologiuri usafrTxoeba.
eleqtrousafrTxoeba, usafrTxoebis moTxovnebi satransporto saSualebebis da teqnikis
mimarT, usafrTxoebis moTxovnebi CasatvirT-gadmosatvirTi samuSaoebis Catarebisa da
tvirTebis gadaadgilebis dros.
avariis pirveli aRmomCeni piri (blankze afiqsirebs TviToeuli qvemoTCamoTvlili
moqmedebis dasrulebis dros);
- afrTxilebs teqnikur personals safrTxis Sesaxeb da amzadebs teritorias
xanZarsawinaaRmdego RonisZiebebis CatarebisTvis;
- axdens aalebis yvela wyaros gatanas da gamorTvas;
- gamorTavs an ketavs teritoriaze ganlagebuli tumboebisa da mowyobilobebis
sarqvelebs, Zravebs.
amowmebs teritorias afeTqebisa da cecxlis gaCenis potenciuri saSiSroebis
gamovlenis mizniT;
- dazaralebulebs utarebs pirvelad samedicino daxmarebas da saWiroebis
SemTxvevaSi gamoiZaxebs samedicino daxmarebas;
- sawvavis an sxva saxifaTo nivTierebebis daRvris Sesaxeb acnobebs obieqtis
zedamxedvel xelmZRvanels;
- gansazRvravs daRvrili sawvavis moculobas, daRvris wyaros da dauyovnebliv
Rebulobs zomebs maTi daRvis Sesawyvetadad. danadgaris dazianebisas saswrafod
gamorTavs danadgaris elmomaragebas.
obieqtis zedamxedveli xelmZRvaneli:
(blankze afiqsirebs TviToeul qvemoTCamoTvlili moqmedebis dasrulebis dros);
- rwmundeba momsaxure personalis usafrTxoebaSi;
51
- saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi axdens saxifaTo zonidan xalxis evakuacias;
- gamoiZaxebs saxanZro razms, policias an samedicino daxmarebas;
- qmnis usafrTxoebis zonas avariis wyaros garSemo;
- SeZlebisdagvarad aCerebs da akontrolebs avariis process;
- saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi atyobinebs sawarmos janmrTelobis usafrTxo-ebis da
garemos dacvis zedamxedvels.
sxva avariuli SemTxvevebi mowyobilomis mwyobridan gamosvla, teqnologiuri
wylebis daRvra, elsadenebis dazianeba da a.S. aRmoifxvreba Sesabamisi instruqciis
Tanaxmad.
5.1. SesaZlebeli avariuli situaciebis albaTobis gansazRvra da maTi
mosalodneli Sedegebis Sefaseba
sawarmos mimdinare saqmianobis procesSi mosalodneli avariuli situaciebia:
- satransporto saSualebebidan navTobproduqtebis daRvra;
- xanZaris warmoqmna da gavrceleba;
- mtverdamWeri sistemis muSaobis reJimis darRveva.
aRsaniSnavia, rom satransporto saSulebebidan navTobproduqtebis daRvris albaToba
Zalze dabalia.
sawarmo momaragebuli xanZarsawinaaRmdego saSualebebiT, kerZod: gaaCniaT
cecxlmaqrebis sakmarisi maragi da xanZarsawinaaRmdego inventari. xanZarqroba
gaTvaliswinebulia saxanZro rezervuaridan, xolo saamqroebSi mowyobilia saxanZro
wyalmomaragebis sistema. sawarmoSi xanZris aRmocenebis SemTxvevaSi gaTvaliswinebulia
adgilobrivi saxanZro razmis SesaZleblobebis gamoyeneba.
5.2. avariis Sesaxeb Setyobineba
avariul situaciaze reagirebisa da moqmedebis gegmaSi mniSvnelovania:
* avariis Sesaxeb Setyobinebis qselis Seqmna:
- saxelmwifo struqturebisaTvis Setyobineba (saqarTvelos garemosa da bunebrivi
resursebis dacvis saministro);
- mosaxleobisaTvis Setyobineba;
- momijnave obieqtis samsaxurebis Setyobinebas.
* sakontaqto informaciis formebis damuSaveba, romelic unda iTvaliswinebdes;
- avariis Sedegad Seqmnili situaciis Sefasebas da reagirebis RonisZiebaTa
dawyebas;
- reagirebis kategoriis gansazRvras;
- avariuli SemTxvevis Sedegebis likvidaciis samsaxuris mobilizebas da
mzadyofnaSi moyvanas;
- avariuli SemTxvevis (garemos SesaZlebeli dabinZurebis) adgilmdebareobis
situaciuri sqemis Sedgenas;
- garemos SesaZlebeli dabinZurebis raodenobriv Sefasebas da SesaZlebeli
gavrcelebis gansazRvras;
- avariul SemTxvevasTan dakavSirebul usafrTxoebis moTxovnebis Sefasebas;
- reagirebis strategiis SemuSavebas;
52
- arsebuli resursebis Sefasebas da mobilizebas;
- reagirebis samuSaoTa xelmZRvanelobis;
- salikvidacio samuSaoTa damTavrebis pirobebis gansazRvras;
- salikvidacio samsaxuris moqmedebis Sewyvetas;
- mobilizebuli resursebis mdgomareobis Semowmebas;
- samTavrobo da dainteresebuli organoebis da pirebis Setyobinebas
salikvidacio samuSaoebis dasrulebis Sesaxeb.
* avariuli situaciis dokumentireba:
- avariuli SemTxvevis TariRi, dro da klasi (garemos SesaZlebeli/aRmoCenili
dabinZurebis mixedviT);
- gamomvlenis/informaciis momwodeblis vinaoba;
- garemos dabinZurebis (magaliTad, daRvrili zeTis) mdgomareoba, misi
gavrceleba da dabinZurebuli teritoriis zomebi;
- meteopirobebi (qaris siCqare da mimarTuleba, da sxva);
- dabinZurebis daxasiaTeba tipis mixedviT;
- dabinZurebis wyaro;
- sxva damkvirveblebis monacemebi.
sawarmoo obieqtze momsaxure an obieqtis funqcionirebasTan dakavSirebuli pirebi
gadian savaldebulo instruqtaJs, romelic miznad isaxavs avariuli situaciebis Tavidan
acilebis SesaZleblobaTa codnas, agreTve avariul situaciaSi moqmedebis wesebs.
instruqtaJis Catareba da mis ganxorcielebaze personaluri pasuxismgebloba ekisreba
sawarmos mTavar inJiners. sawarmoo obieqtze warmoqmnili avariuli situaciis aRmomCeni
piri valdebulia upirvelesi yuradReba gamoiCinos potenciur saSiSroebis qveS myof
adamianTa usafrTxo adgilas garidebis, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, yvela SesaZlebeli
RonisZiebebis miRebisaTvis sicocxlis xelmyofi movlenebis Tavidan asacileblad da
sawarmoo obieqtis xelmZRvanelobamde saTanado Setyobinebis dayvanisaTvis. sawarmoo
obieqtis xelmZRvaneloba da avariul situaciebze zedamxedveli aparati valdebulia :
- uzrunvelyos avariul situaciasTan SexebaSi myofi momsaxure personalis da sxva
pirebis usafrTxoeba, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi moaxdinos saxifaTo zonidan xalxis
evakuacia;
- gamoiZaxos avariisa da misi Sedegebis salikvidacio specialuri samsaxurebis
warmomadgenlebi, saWiroebis mixedviT (samedicino daxmareba, saxanZro razmi, patruli da
a.S.)
- Seqmnas usafrTxoebis zona avariis wyaros garSemo;
- ganaxorcielos qmediTi RonisZiebebi operatiuli situaciis ganmuxtvisa da
Sesabamisad sawarmoo teqnologiuri ciklis mimdinare procesebis dasaregulireblad;
- Tu sawarmoSi moxdeba airmtvernarevi sistemis muSaobis efeqturobis darRveva an
misi mwyobridan gamosvla, aucilebelia sawarmom mT. inJineris xelmZRavanelobiT
uzrunvelyos misi drouli aRdgena. Tu ver xerxdeba misi drouli aRdgena, maSin sawarmo
valdebulia droebiT gamorTos Rumelebi da maTi sruli aRdgenamde ar moxdes marTi
CarTva, rom garemos raime ziani ar miadges.
53
- uzrunvelyos avariis faqtebisa da misi Sedegebis dauyovnebeli dayvana-Setyobineba
saqarTvelos garemos dacvis saministrosadmi – dazaralebul pirTa arsebobisa da
avariasTan dakavSirebuli adgilmdebareobis, warmoqmnili ekologiuri da sxva xasiaTis
problemebis aucilebeli miTiTebiT.
SemdgomSi, operatiuli situaciis ganmuxtvis kvalobaze, informacia – avariuli
situaciebiT gamowveuli saSiSi nivTierebebis garemoSi gamoyofisa da garemosaTvis
miyenebuli zaralis angariSis saxiT waredgineba saqarTvelos garemosa da bunebrivi
resursebis dacvis saministros.
xanZarsawinaaRmdego RonisZiebebi
sawarmos xanZarsawinaaRmdego meurneobis SemadgenlobaSi Sedis:
Kqafwarmomqneli siTxis avzebi;
saxanZro zedamxedvelobis oTaxi;
saTavso saxanZro inventaris Sesanaxad;
saxanZro stendebi;
sawarmos xanZarsawinaaRmdego meurneobis obieqtebi, mowyobilobebi da inventari
unda iyos mudmiv mzadyofnaSi. qafwarmomqneli siTxeze unda gamoicvalos weliwadSi
erTxel. sawarmos saxanZro samsaxurma xanZarsawinaaRmdego samsaxuris mTavar
sammarTvelosTan SeTanxmebiT unda SeimuSavos specialuri xanZarsawinaaRmdego
instruqcia. yvela sawarmoo instruqcia unda Sesruldes aRniSnuli instruqciis
Sesabamisad. sawarmos SemadgenlobaSi Semavali Senobebi da nagebobebi mosaxleobisagan
daSorebulia saTanado manZiliT.
sawarmo lokaluri mcire xanZris SemTxvevaSi gamoiyenebs Tavis sakuTrebaSi
arsebul xanZarsawinaaRmdego saSualebebs, xolo SedarebiT Zlieri xanZris SemTxvevaSi
moxdeba mobiluri xanZarsaqrobi saSualebebis gamoZaxeba.
5.3. sawarmos mimdinare saqmianobis procesSi fizikur da socialur garemoze negaturi
zemoqmedebis Serbilebis RonisZiebaTa gegma
cxrili 22.
negatiuri
zemoqmedeba
negatiuri zemoqmedebis Semarbilebeli
zomebi
Sesrulebis
vadebi
1 2 3 atmosferul
haerSi mavne
nivTierebebis
gavrceleba
sawarmoSi arsebuli araorganizebuli wyaroebidan
atmosferul haerSi emisiis Semcirebis mizniT
araxelsayrel meteorologiur pirobebSi moxdes im teritiriebis morwyva, saidanac mosalodnelia
amtverianeba
saWiroebis
SemTxvevaSi
samuSao zonis haerSi mikroklimatis
maxasiaTeblebis normebis dacvis mizniT
urunvelyofili iqnas arsebuli saventilacio
sistemebis reabilitaciis samuSaoebis
ganxorcieleba.
saWiroebis
SemTxvevaSi
54
1 2 3
sawarmos teqnika da satransporto saSualebebi
unda akmayofilebdnen janmrTelobis dacvisa da
teqnikuri usafrTxoebis moTxovnebs;
mudmivad
sawarmos teritoriaze da gafrqvevis wyaroebze
atmosferuli haeris xarisxis monitoringis
warmoeba.
monitoringis
sqemis mixedviT
xmauris da
vibraciis
gavrceleba
sawarmos teqnika da satransporto saSualebebi
unda akmayofilebdes janmrTelobis dacvisa da
teqnikuri usafrTxoebis moTxovnebs, risTvisac
saWiroa maTi teqnikuri mdgomareobis Semowmeba
samuSaos dawyebis win yoveldRiurad;
mudmivad
sawarmos administracia movalea gaakontrolos,
rom xmaur-is gavrcelebis donem ar gadaaWarbos
kanoniT dadgenil zRvrul normebs, xolo Tu
aseTi ram moxda, saWiroebisamebr moawyos
Sesabamisi xmaurdamxSobi saSualebebi.
monitoringis
sqemis mixedviT
narCenebis marTva
sawarmoSi danergili iqnas narCenebis
separirebuli Segrovebis meTodi, risTvisac
Semotanili iqnas saTanado markirebis da feris,
saWiro raodenobis hermetulsaxuraviani
konteinerebi;
2013 w.
saxifaTo narCenebis warmoqmnis SemTxvevaSi maTi
qarxnis teritoriidan gatana an regeneracia
moxdes am saqmianobaze saTanado nebarTvis mqone
kontraqtoris mier;
mudmivad
uzrunvelyofili iqnas narCenebis marTvaze
dasaqmebuli personalis perioduli swavleba da
testireba.
mudmivad
uzrunvelyofili iqnas narCenebis marTvis
mgomareobis monitoringis warmoeba. monitoringis
sqemis mixedviT
niadagis da
gruntis
dabinZurebisagan
dacva
narCenebis Sesagrovebeli konteinerebis
ganTavsebisaTvis specialuri moednebis mowyoba,
romlebic uzrunvelyofili iqneba betonis
safariT, gamdinare wyliT da Camdinare wylebis
mimRebi trapiT;
2013 wlis II kvartali
saniaRvre da sameurneo fekaluri Sida
sakanalizacio koleqtorebis teqnikur
gamarTulobaze sistematuri zedamxedveloba;
mudmivad
navTobproduqtebis da zeTebis daRvris
sawinaRmdego RonisZiebebis sistematurad
gatareba.
mudmivad
mosaxleobis
usafrTxoebasTan
dakavSirebuli
potenciuri riskebi
sawarmos xelmZRvaneloba valdebulia
praqtikuli aucileblobis Sesabamisad
SeZlebisdagvarad SezRudos dasaxlebul
punqtebSi gamavali gzebiT sargebloba;
mudmivad
sawarmos xelmZRvaneloba valdebulia
regularulad Caataros riskis Sefaseba
adgilebze, mosaxleobisaTvis konkretuli risk-
faqtorebis dasadgenad da aseTi riskebis
Sesabamisi marTvis mizniT.
regularulad
55
1 2 3
momsaxure
personalis
usafrTxoeba da
janmrTelobis
dacva
sawarmos momsaxure personalis sayofa-cxovrebo
saTavsebis Semdgomi mowesrigeba da saWiro
inventar-mowyobilobiT uzrunvelyofa;
2013 wlis IV kvartali
momsaxure personalis momarageba spectansacmliT
da individualuri dacvis saSualebebiT; mudmivad
momsaxure personalisaTvis profesiuli
usafrTxoebis da garemosdacviT sakiTxebze
swavlebis da testirebis Catareba;
regularulad weliwadSi erTxel
yvela saWiro samuSao adgilze profesiuli
usafrTxoebis gamafrxilebeli niSnebis ganTavseba; 2013 wlis IV
kvartali momsaxure personalis mier individualuri
dacvis saSualebebis gamoyenebaze sistematuri
zedamxedveloba;
mudmivad
sawarmo valdebulia uzrunvelyos momsaxure
personalis winaswari da perioduli samedicino
Semowmebis organizacia; regularulad
adgilobrivi gze-
bis mdgomareobis
gaumjobeseba (da-
debiTi social-uri
zemoqmedeba)
sawarmos administracia valdebulia
sistematurad izrunos im gzebis teqnikuri
mdgomareobis gaumjobesebisaTvis, romlebic
gamoiyeneba nedleulis da mza produqciis
transportirebisaTvis
mudmivad
mosaxleobis das-
aqmebis molodini
da imedebi
sawarmoSo dasaqmebulia adgilobrivi
mosaxleoba, rac dadebiT zemoqmedebad unda
CaiTvalos..
-
mosaxleobis
ekonomikuri
SesaZlebl-obebis
gaumjobeseba
imis gamo, rom es dadebiTi zegavlenaa,
Semarbilebeli zomebi saWiro ar aris.. -
56
6. saqmianobis ekologiuri, socialuri da ekonomikuri
Sedegebis Sefaseba
atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebis regulirebis moTxovnebi
atmosferuli haeris SesaZlo dabinZurebis sakiTxebi detaluradaa gaanalizebuli
warmodgenil garemosdacviT dokumentaciaSi, ris safuZvelzec SesaZlebelia saTanado
daskvnebis gakeTeba dagegmili saqmianobis garemoze zemoqmedebis Sesafaseblad da
garemosdacviTi kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili moTxovnebis dacvis uzrunvelsayofad im
RonisZiebaTa SesamuSaveblad, romelTa gatarebac aucilebelia garemoze mavne
zemoqmedebis regulirebisaTvis.
atmosferuli haeris mavne nivTierebebiT dabinZurebis regulireba moicavs
dabinZurebis saxeebisa da dabinZurebis wyaroebis klasificirebasa da aRricxvas.
dabinZurebis stacionaluri wyaroebidan atmosferul ¾haerSi mavne nivTierebaTa
gafrqvevis SezRudvas da saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenil sxva moTxovnebs,
romlebic miznad isaxaven adamianis janmrTelobisa da bunebrivi garemosaTvis usafrTxo
mdgomareobis miRwevas, SenarCunebasa da gaumjobesebas.
atmosferuli haeris dacvis RonisZiebebi igegmeba ,,garemos dacvis Sesaxeb’’
saqarTvelos kanoniT dawesebuli moTxovnebis safuZvelze. dabinZurebis stacionaruli
wyaroebis airmtverdamWeri mowyobilobis eqspluataciis wesebi ganisazRvreba instruqciiT
,,airmtverdamWeri mowyobilobis eqspluataciis wesebis Sesaxeb’’. avariis Sedegad
atmosferul haerSi mavne nivTierebaTa avariuli gafrqvevis dros sawarmos personali
valdebulia imoqmedos avariis SemTxvevaSi atmosferuli haeris dacvis wesebis Sesabamisad.
avariuli gafrqvevis SemTxvevaSi atmosferuli haeris dacvis wesebi ganisazRvreba
instruqciiT ,,avariis Sedegad atmosferul haerSi mavne nivTierebaTa avariuli gafrqvevis
SemTxvevaSi atmosferuli haeris dacvis wesebis Sesaxeb’’, romelsac erToblivi brZanebiT
amtkiceben saqarTvelos garemos dacvis ministri da janmrTelobisa socialuri dacvis
ministri. araxelsayreli meteorologiuri pirobebis dros sawarmos personali
valdebulia imoqmedos araxelsayrel meteorologiur pirobebSi atmosferuli haeris
dacvis wesebis Sesabamisad. araxelsayrel meteorologiur pirobebSi atmosferuli haeris
dacvis wesebi ganisazRvreba instruqciiT ,,araxelsayrel meteorologiur pirobebSi
atmosferuli haeris dacvis wesebis Sesaxeb’’, romelsac erToblivi brZanebiT amtkiceben
garemos dacvis ministri da janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis ministri.
zemoqmedebis Sefasebis meTodebi
saqarTvelos kanonebi ,,garemos dacvis Sesaxeb’’, ,,wylis Sesaxeb’’, ,,atmosferuli
haeris dacvis Sesaxeb’’ da sxva, aweseben Sesabamis moTxovnebs dabinZurebis wyaroebidan
mavne nivTierebaTa TviTmonitoringis warmoebaze, romlis mixedviTac am nawilSi,
sawarmoo obieqtis mier garemoSi gamoyofili mavne nivTierebebis maxasiaTebelTa
gazomvis (Sefasebis), aRricxvis da angariSgebis warmoebis valdebulebebi dakisrebuli
aqvs saqmianobis subieqts.
57
atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebis wyaroebis da maT mier gafrqveul
damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa aRricxvianobis mizans warmoadgens sawyisi monacemebis
dadgena iseTi sakiTxebis gadasawyvetad, rogoricaa:
- atmosferul haerSi damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa gamofrqvevebis Sedegad garemoze
zemoqmedebis xarisxis Sefaseba;
- atmosferul haerSi damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa gamofrqvevebis normativebis
dadgena, rogorc calkeuli wyarosTvis, ise mTlianad sawarmosaTvis;
- atmosferul haerSi damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa gamofrqvevebis SezRudvis
mizniT dadgenili normativebis dacvis kontrolis organizacia;
- sawarmoSi arsebuli airmtverdamWeri mowyobilobebis teqnikuri mdgomareobis
Sefaseba;
- sawarmoSi gamoyenebuli teqnologiuri procesebis ekologiuri maxasiaTeblebis
Sefaseba;
- sawarmoSi gamoyenebuli nedleulisa da resursebis narCenebis utilizaciis
efeqturobis Sefaseba;
- sawarmoSi atmosferuli haeris dacvis RonisZiebaTa dagegmva.
dagegmili saqmianobis garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis meTodebi mWidro
kavSirSia sawarmoo obieqtis ganlagebis adgilmdebareobis parametrebTan da
atmosferuli haeris dacvis RonisZiebaTa SemuSavebisaTvis sawyisi monacemebis
dadgenasTan (maT Soris samSeneblo moednis fizikur-geografiuli da klimatologiuri
parametrebi. zRvrulad dasaSvebi gafrqvevebis saproeqto normativebi da sxva).
damabinZurebeli nivTierebebis miwispira koncentraciis maqsimaluri mniSvneloba
C m (mg/m3), romelic miiRweva araxelsayrel meteorologiur pirobebSi calkeuli
wertilovani mrgvali milyelis mqone dabinZurebis wyarodan cxeli airhaerovani narevis
gafrqvevisas - am wyarodan daSorebul Xm (m) manZilze, ganisazRvreba formuliT:
31
2m TVüüüüm n
C∆
η= (4.2.2.1)
sadac,
ü - atmosferos temperaturuli stratifikaciis koeficientia (wm2/3, 0C 1/2, mg/g),
saqarTvelos pirobebisTvis - ü=200;
ü - drois erTeulSi atmosferoSi gafrqveuli damabinZurebeli nivTierebebis masaa
(g/wm). igi ganisazRvreba sawarmosTvis (procesisTvis) dadgenili angariSiT mocemuli
normativebis safuZvelze;
ü - atmosferul haerSi damabinZurebeli nivTierebebis daleqvis siCqaris uganzomilebo
koeficientia. airovani damabinZurebeli nivTierebebisaTvis da mcireddispersiuli
aerozolebisaTvis (mtveri, zolebi) ü=1; msxvildispersiuli mtvrisa da zolebisaTvis –
roca gawmendis koeficientis saSualo eqspluataciuri mniSvneloba >90%-ze, maSin ü=2;
roca am koeficientis saSualo eqspluataciuri mniSvneloba 75-sa da 90%-s Sorisaa,
maSin ü=2.5; roca am koeficientis mniSvneloba <75%-ze an saerTod ar warmoebs
gawmenda, maSin ü=3;
58
ü - miwis zedapiridan gafrqvevis wyaros geometriuli simaRlea (m);
∆T - gafrqveuli airhaerovani narevisa da garemo haeris temperaturebs Soris sxvaobaa
(0C );
η - airhaerovani narevis gabnevaze adgilis reliefis gavlenis amsaxveli uganzomilebo
koeficientia. vake adgilisaTvis, rodesac adgilis niSnulis simaRlis vardna ar
aRemateba 1km-ze 50m-s, η=1. danarCen SemTxvevaSi η ganisazRvreba kartografiuli masalis
safuZvelze, romelic asaxavs adgilis reliefs sawarmodan milis 50m simaRlis
radiusis zonaSi, magram aranakleb 2km-sa.
V1 – airhaerovani narevis xarjia (m3/wm), romelic ganisazRvreba formuliT:
0
2
1 4ü
V ωπ
= (4.2.2.2)
sadac,
ü - gafrqvevis wyaros milyelis diametria (m);
ω0 - gafrqvevis wyaros milyelidan airhaerovani narevis gamosvlis saSualo siCqarea
(m/wm);
m da n - gafrqvevis wyaros milyelidan airhaerovani narevis gamosvlis pirobebis
amsaxveli uganzomilebo koeficientia, romelic gamoiTvleba formuliT:
roca f<100, maSin
3 fx34.0fx1.067.01
m++
= (4.2.2.3)
roca 100f≥ , maSin
3 f
47.1m = (4.2.2.4)
roca fe<f<100, maSin koeficienti m gamoiTvleba formuliT (4.2.2.3) masSi f=fe
mniSvnelobisas
Tu f<100 da roca 2Vm ≥ , maSin n=1 (4.2.2.5)
roca 2V5.0 m <≤ , maSin n=0.532Vm 2-2.13Vm +3.13 (4.2.2.6)
roca Vm <2, maSin n=4.4 Vm (4.2.2.7)
Tu 100f≥ , maSin koeficienti n gamoiTvleba formulebiT (4.2.2.5-4.2.2.7) 1mm VV =
mniSvnelobisas.
parametrebi f, Vm , 1mV da fe ganisazRvreba Semdegi formulebiT:
Tüü
1000f2
20
∆ω
= (4.2.2.8)
3 1m ü
TVx065V
∆= (4.2.2.9)
üü
3.1V 01m
ω= (4.2.2.10)
31me )V(800f = (4.2.2.11)
59
mavne nivTierebebiT atmosferos dabinZurebis maxasiaTebelTa gamoTvla xdeba
kompiuteruli programa `ekologi~-s saSualebiT, romelic dafuZnebulia normatiul
dokumentebSi aRwerili moTxovnebiT dadgenil algoriTmebze da iTvaliswinebs garemoze
zemoqmedebis SefasebisaTvis saWiro mravali sxva parametris gaTvlas, romelTagan
aRsaniSnavia:
- dabinZurebis wyarodan daSorebuli manZili Xm (m), romelzec araxelsayreli
meteorologiuri pirobebis SemTxvevaSi miwispira koncentracia C (mg/m3) aRwevs
maqsimalur mniSvnelobas (C m );
- qaris saxifaTo siCqare um (m/wm) flugeris doneze (miwidan 10m-is
simaRleze), sadac miiRweva damabinZurebeli nivTierebebis maqsimaluri koncentracia
(C m );
- damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa miwispira koncentracia C (mg/m3) adgilis nebismier
wertilSi mravali dabinZurebis wyaroebis arsebobisas;
- damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa jamuri maqsimaluri koncentraciis mniSvneloba,
warmoSobili mocemul farTobze ganlagebuli erTmaneTTan axlos mdebare ü calkeuli
dabinZurebis wyaroebidan, romlebsac gaaCniaT erTnairi simaRle.
socialur faqtorebze zemoqmedebis Sefaseba
socialuri faqtorebidan yuradRebas imsaxurebs dasaqmebuli muSa-mosamsaxureebis
raodenobrivi zrdis gansazRvra (qalaqis infrastuqturis dadebiTi maxasiaTebeli) da im
SesaZlebeli mavne zemoqmedebis Sefaseba, romelic dakavSirebulia sawarmoo procesebiT
gamowveul xmaurTan.
muSa-mosamsaxureTa sawarmoo ubnebSi Sromis usafrTxoebisa da socialuri
pirobebis dacvis moTxovnebi gansazRvrulia saqarTveloSi moqmedi erovnuli
normatiuli dokumentebiTa da standartebiT. warmoebaSi gamoyenebuli teqnologiuri
danadgarebi pasuxoben Tanamedrove moTxovnebs
xmaurTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebi gansazRvrulia Semdeg dokumentebSi:
saqarTvelos kanoni garemos dacvis Sesaxeb. 1996 w;
saqarTvelos kanoni janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb. 1997 w;
saqarTvelos Sromis kodeqsi. 1999 w;
saqarTvelos kanoni atmosferuli haeris dacvis Sesaxeb. 1999 w;
ZiriTadi debulebebi xmauris kontrolis Sesaxeb adgens xmauris emisiebis doneebs
manqana-danadgarebisaTvis, meqanizmebisa da aRWurvilobisaTvis. agreTve, garemomcveli
xmauris doneebs sacxovrebeli da samrewvelo daniSnulebis SenobebisaTvis. xmauris
faqtiuri zemoqmedebebi damokidebuli iqneba obieqtze mowyobilobis ganlagebaze, xmauris
realur emisiebze da adgilobriv (lokaluri) atmosferuli STanTqmebis koeficientebze.
axali danadgarebis eqsploataciis Sedegad mudmiv mgrZnobiare mimRebebze raime
mniSvnelovani zemoqmedeba ar aris mosalodneli, Tumca samuSao adgilis garkveul
ubnebze xmauris doneebis gamo SeiZleba Semarbilebeli zomebis gamoyeneba gaxdes saWiro.
60
xmauris gamo mosaxleobis simSvidis darRvevis zemoqmedeba dagegmil saqmianobas Tan ar
axlavs. sacxovrebeli masividan sawarmoo obieqtis didi manZiliT daSorebis gamo.
momsaxure personali, romlebic muSaoben mZime danadgarebis garSemo an sxva
xmaurian ubnebze, SesaZloa gaxdnen xmauris dasaSveb normaze meti zemoqmedebis qveS.
dasaSvebi zemoqmedebis zRvari aris 85 decibeli. mTeli personalis Semadgenlobis is
muSa-mosamsaxureebi, romlebic muSaoben ubnebSi, sadac xmauri SesaZlebelia aRematebodes
dasaSvebi zemoqmedebis zRvars, unda uzrunvelyofili iyvnen smenis damcavi saTanado
aRWurvilobiT da maT unda icodnen am aRWurvilobis moxmarebis wesebi. personals unda
moeTxovos smenis damcveli aparaturis xmareba, sanam xmauris donis gazomvebi naTlad ar
gviCvenebs, rom dacva saWiro aRar aris. amasTan erTad, smenis damcveli aRWurviloba
xelmisawvdomi unda iyos mosaxmarad sxva mosamsaxureebisaTvisac, rodesac isini muSaoben
mZime danadgarebis maxloblad an iseT ubnebze, sadac gvxdeba 85 decibalze meti xmauris
done.
zogadad, samSeneblo da sawarmoo saqmianobis Sedegad warmoqmnili xmauris
zemoqmedebis zusti kriteriumi ar arsebobs. am mizniT SesaZlebelia gamoyenebul iqnas
yofil ssrk-s standartebi. dadgenili zRvruli norma - dRis droisaTvis 85 decibeli.
amasTan erTad mxedvelobaSia misaRebi janmrTelobis dacvis saerTaSoriso organizaciis
saxelmZwvanelo miTiTebebi da rekomendaciebi. am moTxovnebiT xmauris maqsimaluri done
ofisis pirobebSi momuSave personalisaTvis ar unda aWarbebdes 50 decibels, xolo
mZime mowyobilobebis (manqana-danadgarebis da meqanizmebis) da samrewvelo danadgarebis
axlos - 85 decibels. samuSao adgilze gamoyenebuli sawarmoo danadgarebis
specifikaciebi miuTiTeben SesaZlebeli maqsimaluri xmauris mniSvnelobebs, romlis
dadgenis Semdeg xmauris CaxSobis mniSvneloba damokidebulia manZilze. aqve unda
aRiniSnos, rom mosaxleobis simSvidis darRvevis zemoqmedeba praqtikulad umniSvneloa
imis gamo, rom ganxiluli sawarmoo obieqtis saqmianoba mimdinareobs sacxovrebeli
ubnebidan didi manZilis daSorebiT.
socialuri faqtorebis Sefaseba da maTi regulireba dakavSirebulia Sromis
pirobebis ganxilvasTan da am mxriv dagegmili saqmianobis zemoqmedeba mxolod dadebiTi
orientaciisa. warmoebis sawyis etapze gaTvaliswinebulia 20-mde stabiluri samuSao
adgilis Seqmna da dasaqmebul muSa-mosamsaxureTa raodenobis Semdgomi gazrda, warmoebis
ganviTarebis realuri mdgomareobis Sesabamisad.
qveynis samrewvelo obieqtebis, kirze moTxovnaTa dakmayofilebiT, qveynis
samSeneblo industriis ZiriTad wyaroTa Semadgeneli nawilebia. amiT aris ganpirobebuli
am mimarTulebiT ganxorcielebuli saqmianobis gansakuTrebuli prioriteti da
ekonomikuri efeqturoba. am potencialzea damokidebuli qveynis mosaxleobis socialuri
pirobebis done da sasicocxlo mniSvnelobis momsaxurebis sferoTa funqcionireba.
saqarTvelosaTvis es komponenti mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs humanuri ganviTarebis
indeqsis(hgi) gansazRvrisaTvis. es indeqsi - is intensiuri maxasiaTebelia, romelic
asaxavs sazogadoebis ganviTarebis dones da emyareba sam maCvenebels: sicocxlis saSualo
61
xangrZlivobas, inteleqtualuri ganviTarebisa da cxovrebis dones. am faqtorTan erTad,
amave dros, mrewvelobis dargebis, samSeneblo industriisa da komunaluri momsaxurebis,
adgilobriv pirobebSi, ganviTareba pirdapir damokidebulebaSia samSeneblo masaliTa da
kerZod, kiriT momaragebis saerTo SesaZleblobebze. mdgradi ganviTarebis principebidan
gamomdinare, qveynis sawarmoo infrastruqturaSi ganuxrelad izrdeba saSen masalebze da
maT wyaroebze moTxovna. miuxedavad amisa, am mimarTulebiT qveynis uzrunvelyofis
arsebuli done ver akmayofilebs adgilobrivi mosaxleobisa da warmoebis ganviTarebis
investorTa moTxovnebs. am maCvenebliT saqarTvelo mniSvnelovnad CamorCeba ganviTarebul
qveynebs.
62
7. garemoze da adamianis janmrTelobaze uaryofiTi
zegavlenis Semcirebisa da Tavidan acilebis
RonisZiebebi
7.1. garemoSi mavne nivTierebaTa gamoyofis Semcirebis teqnikuri
saSualebebi
sawarmodan gafrqveuli mavne nivTierebebidan yvelaze didi gavlena aqvs araorganul
mtvers, romlis gafrqvevis simZlavre Saxturi Rumelebidan gawmendis gareSe Seadgens
24..306 g/wm-s anu 630 t/wel.
yovelime amis gaTvaliswinebiT sawarmoSi damontaJebulia orsafexuriani
mtverdamWeri sistema: damleqi kamera da sveli mtverdamWeri sistema – skruberi.
mtverdamWeri sistemis principialuri sqema mocemilia naxaz. 2-Si.
rogorc ukve zemoT aRiniSna sawarmos sakire kompleqsSi sedis ori Saxturi
Rumeli. TiToeuli Saxturi Rumelidan gamomavali airmtvernarevis moculobiTi siCqarea
4375 m3/sT-Si, anu 1.215 m3/wm. xolo orive Rumelidan 8750 m3/sT-Si, anu 2.4306 m3/wm.
mtvris koncentracia airmtvernarevSi Seadgens 10 g/m3-Si.
I safexurze mtverdamWer sistemas warmoadgens hermetizirebuli damleqi kamera (4),
sadac xdeba mtvriT dabinZurebuli airi Saxturi Rumelebidan. aq moxdeba mtvris
msxvili nawilakebis (20 mkm-s zeviT) daleqva, rac aranakleb 12%-iT Seamcirebs saerTo
damtverianeba, anu misi efeqturoba tolia aranakle 12%-is.
II safexurze gaTvaliswinebulia sveli mtverdamweri sistema – skruberi (6) is
warmoadgens saventilizacio milsadenSi specialuri sarwyavi eJeqtoris Seqmnil wylis
fardas, romelic uzrunvelyofs mtvris nakadis dasvelebas da Semdgom koagulacias
(daleqvas) specialur ciklonSi (8), saidanac damjdari mtveri wyalTan erTad Caedineba
specialurad mowyobil damleq qvabulSi (11).
damleqi qvabulidan ukve dayovnebuli, gawmendili wyali TviTdinebiT gadaedineba
wylis rezervuarSi (9), romelic kvebavs specialur tumbos.
amrigad, iqmneba sahaero fardaze – eJeqtorebze wylis miwodebis uwyveti cikli,
romlis xarji TiToeul gamoSvebul produqciaze ar aRemateba 2 litrs, e.i. erT saaTSi
wylis saaTuri xarji iqneba 2,5 m3.
vinaidan sawarmoSi mowyobilia wylis brunviTi sistema, axali wylis xarji iqneba
mxolod wylis danakargebis Sesavsebad, romelis aorTqlebis saxiT ikargeba.
gamwmendi danadgaris faqtiuri gawmendis koeficientis jamuri mniSvneloba
gamoiTvleba formuliT:
η=(1-(1-0.12) x (1-0.90))x100=91.2 %.
e.i. mtvrisTvis gawmendis jamuri efeqturoba tolia 98.8 %-is.
damleqi qvabulis gawmenda (Slamis amoReba) ganxorcieldeba periodula.
saventilacio milsadenSi mtvris damWeri wylis fardis Semdeg 10 – 15 metris
manZilze damontaJdeba ori Sewyvilebuli ventilatori, romlebic uzrunvelyofen
gawmendili airebis gafrqvevas milidan, romlis simaRle ü=15 m. ü=0.5 m.
63
nax. 2. gamwmendi sistemis teqnologiuri sqema.
1, 2. Saxturi Rumelebi; 7. ventilatorebi;
4. damleqi kamera; 8. cikloni;
5. saventilacio milsadeni; 9. rezervuari;
6. wylis eJeqtori; 10. tumbo, ü=3 m3/sT; 11. damleqi qvabuli
64
sawarmos mtverdamWeri mowyobilobebis muSaobaze kontroli ganxorcieldeba
yovelTviurad. xolo raime avariis SemTxvevaSi moxdeba sawarmos gaCereba da yvela
mtverdamWeri mowyobilobis detaluri Semowmeba-remonti.
garemoze zemoqmedebis ZiriTad wyaros warmoadgens atmosferuli haeris dabinZureba
mtvriT. imisaTvis rom Semcirdes mtvris gamoyofa araxelsayreli meteorologiuri
pirobebis dros, gaTvaliswinebulia teritoriis morwyva.
garemoze fizikuri zemoqmedebis mxriv, sawarmoSi teqnologiuri danadgarebis
muSaobisas adgili ar eqneba dasaSveb normebze gadametebas (aqve aRsaniSnavia, rom
xmauris gamomwvevi danadgarebi ganlagebulia daxurul SenobaSi, romelic sagrZnoblad
amcirebs xmauris dones.
xolo sasmel-sayofacxovrebo wylebis CaSveba xorcieldeba sawarmos teritoriaze
arsebul amosawmend ormoSi, saidanac moxdeba misi periodulad gatana Sesabamisi
samsaxurebis mier.
sawarmos muSa-mosamsaxureebi saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi aRWurvilni unda iyvnen spec
tansacmeliTa da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi mtvrisa da xmauris individualuri dacvis
saSualebebiT.
xanZarsawinaaRmdego saSualebebi da RonisZiebebi gaTvlilia „samSeneblo normebis
da wesebis“ ñ 11-106-79 da 11-01-77 Tanaxmad. xanZarqroba gaTvaliswinebulia mobiluri
saxanZro saSualebebiT, risTvisac uzrunvelyofili iqneba saxanZro hidrantebiT
sawarmos teritoriaze da wriuli misasvleli avtogza. sawarmo aRWurvili iqneba
stacionaruli qafgeneratorebiT.
7.2. narCenebi da maTi gauvnebelyofa-likvidaciis marTvis winadadebebi narCenebis marTvis procesSi gamoiyeneba sistemuri meTodi. kerZod, igi moicavs Semdeg
ZiriTad principebs:
• droulad miiRebs zomebs narCenebis Tavidan asacileblad;
• Tu SesaZlebelia, uzrunvelyofs narCenebis damuSavebas;
• narCenebis ganadgureba ukanaskneli variantia.
narCenebis marTva Semdegi principebis Sesabamisad xorcieldeba:
• ierarqiis principi narCenebis marTvaSi;
• siaxlovis principi;
• mzrunvelobis valdebuleba;
• üüTüüüC -is principebis gamoyeneba (dReisaTvis cnobili saukeTeso teqnika, romelic
ar aris dakavSirebul zedmet xarjebTan);
• `fuls damabinZurebeli ixdis~ principi.
rogorc zogadi wesi, aRiarebulia, rom saukeTeso varianti yovelTvis narCenebis
Tavidan acilebaa, rasac mosdevs raodenobisa da safrTxis minimizacia. garda amisa,
aRiarebulia, rom narCenebis xelmeored gamoyeneba, aRdgena da reciklireba damuSavebas
sjobia, xolo ganadgureba ukanaskneli gamosavalia.
narCenebis TiToeuli nakadi teqnikuri saSualebebis Semdegi ierarqiis Sesabamisad
unda damuSavdes, romelTagan SerCeuli teqnika usafrTxoebisa da praqtikulobis
TvalsazrisiT mocemul ierarqiaSi saukeTeso unda iyos.
üüTüüüC -is (dReisaTvis cnobili saukeTeso teqnologia, romelic ar aris
dakavSirebul zedmet xarjebTan) principi gulisxmobs, rom narCenebis marTva dReisaTvis
65
saukeTeso teqnikis safuZvelze ganxorcieldes, romelic ar aris dakavSirebuli zedmet
xarjebTan.
narCenebis gadacemis procesi
narCenebis gadacema saTanado wesiT unda iqnes gaformebuli `narCenebis gadacemis
formis~ Sevsebis gziT. yovel calkeul SemTxvevaSi unda Seivsos Semdegi informacia:
• gadacemis TariRi da dro;
• narCenebis aRwera, raodenobis miTiTebiT;
• informacia narCenebis mwarmoeblis Sesaxeb;
• informacia narCenebis gadamzidis Sesaxeb;
• informacia mimRebi pirebis Sesaxeb;
• mwarmoeblis, gadamzidis da mimRebis warmomadgenlebis xelmowera.
narCenebis gadacemis Sevsebuli forma Tan unda erTvodes yvela satransporto
zeddebuls narCenebis warmoebis adgilidan an obieqtidan damuSavebis an ganadgurebis
daniSnulebis adgilamde, anu Camdinare wylebis gadamamuSavebel danadgaramde,
krematoriumamde, nagavsayrelamde da a.S.
obieqtze mosalodnelia Semdegi saxis narCenebis warmoqmna:
1. samrewvelo narCenebi (samSeneblo, sawarmoo);
2. sayofacxovrebo narCenebi;
narCenebis marTvis konkretuli RonisZiebani
sawarmoo teqnologiuri procesis Sedegad warmoiqmneba narCenebi mtvris saxiT,
romlis daWera xorcieldeba mtverdamWer sistemebSi da grovdeba aseve damleq qvabulSi.
es narCenebi ar warmoadgenen saxifaTo narCenebs. kiris mtvris narCenebis gamoyeneba
SesaZlebelia mJave niadagebis neitralizaciisTvis, aseve wylebSi üü-is donis
dasaregulireblad.
sayofacxovrebo narCenebi ganTavsdeba sawarmoos teritoriaze dadgmul konteinerebSi
da xelSekrulebis safuZvelze periodulad gatanil iqneba qalaqis komunaluri
dasufTavebis samsaxuris mier municipalur nagavsayrelze. maTi raodenoba dRe-RameSi
mosalodnelia maqsimum 0.05 m3-is odenobiT, wliuri raodenoba 15 m3-is odenobiT.
sawarmoSi saburavebis, rezinis nakeTobebis da sxva elastomerebis narCenebis
warmoqmnis SemTxvevaSi moxdeba maTi Segroveba droebiTi ganTavseba da Semdgom isini
Sesabamisi xelSekrulebis safuZvelze gadaecema garemoze zemoqmedebis mqone im
organizaciebs, romlebic zemoT aRniSnuli meoradi produqtebis gadamuSavebiT axdenen
navTobproduqtebis regenerirebas samomxmareblo masalebad (Sps « saakaZe »).
aseve mosalodnelia sawarmos kuTvnili avtotransportis, momuSave teqnikis zeTis
Secvlisas namuSevari zeTebis warmoqmna. am zeTebis gamocvla ganxorcieldeba
avtoteqmomsaxureobis obieqtebSi Sesabamisi xelSekrulebis safuZvelze.
metalis (rogorc samSeneblo narCenis) narCenebis realizeba moxdeba jarTisa da
feradi metalebis mimReb punqtebSi, weliwadSi maqsimum 1.5 tonis odenobiT.
xis masalebis (rogorc samSeneblo narCenis) warmoqmnis SemTxvevaSi realizeba
moxdeba adgilobriv mosaxleobaze, an sawarmos TanamSromlebze gacema.
66
8. narCeni (kumulatiuri) zegavlenis kontrolisa da
monitoringis meTodebi
âàðkumulatiuri zegavlenis kontroli dagegmili saqmianobis erT ñ erT strategiul
mimarTulebas ganekuTvneba. es mimarTuleba moiTxovs saTanado organizaciuli
RonisZiebebis gatarebis rekomendaciebis SemuSavebas.
narCenebis Senaxvis da mopyrobis wesebi
am nawilSi aRwerilia zomebi da wesebi, romlebic unda Sesruldes (damuSavebis da/an
ganadgurebis win) narCenebis marTvis mizniT. marTvis zomebi Semdegi prioritetebis
Sesabamisad aris ganxiluli:
• klasifikacia;
• inventarizacia;
• mopyroba;
• iarliyebis damagreba;
• Senaxva da segregacia;
• narCenebis transportireba/gadacema.
narCenebis klasifikacia
narCenebis Semdgomi marTva mniSvnelovnad aris damokidebuli warmoebis adgilze
narCenebis klasifikaciaze. narCenebis saxeobebis mixedviT segregacia, maTi Senaxvis
moTxovnebis dakmayofileba, da bolos, damuSaeba/ganadgureba – yovelive es narCenebis
saTanado klasifikacias moiTxovs.
uzrunvelyofilia narCenebis saxeobebis gansazRvra, nimuSebis aReba, Semowmeba,
testireba an laboratoriul analizi, raTa ganaxorcielos maTi klasifikacia
evrogaerTianebis standartebis Sesabamisad da Semdegi sakiTxebis dasadgenad:
• romel kategorias ganekuTvneba mocemuli narCenebi – mavne, uvnebel Tu `inertuli~
narCenebis kategorias;
• rogor unda moxdes narCenebis marTva.
garemos dacvis moxele Semdeg zomebs miiRebs, raTa TiToeul obieqtze
ganaxorcielos narCenebis klasifikacia.
• isargeblebs narCenebis droebiTi sainventarizacio nusxiT, romelSic aRwerilia
proeqtis mSeneblobis etapze mosalodneli narCenebis saxeobebis farTo speqtri;
• Tu narCenebis mocemuli saxeoba ar aris Setanili droebiT sainventarizacio nusxaSi,
narCenebis klasifikaciis mizniT gamoyenebuli iqneba sxva damatebiTi meTodologiebi
• Tu narCenebis klasifikaciisaTvis zogadi meTodologiebi ar iqneba amomwuravi maSin,
aRebul iqneba da laboratoriulad Semowmdeba narCenebis nimuSebi, raTa
uzrunvelyofil iqnes narCenebis klasifikacia mocemuli cxrilis Sesabamisad.
cxrili 23-Si mocemulia gansazRvrebebi narCenebis klasifikaciisaTvis
67
cxrili 23.
narCenebis
klasifikacia gansazRvrebebi
inertuli evrogaerTianebis 1999/31/üüC direqtivis me-2 muxlSi mocemuli
gansazRvrebis Sesabamisad, warmoadgens narCenebs, romlebic ar
ganicdis mniSvnelovan fizikur, qimiur an biologiur cvlilebebs.
inertuli narCenebi ar ixsneba, ar iwvis da ar avlens raime sxva
saxis fizikur an qimiur reaqcias; ar ixrwneba da uaryofiTad ar
moqmedebs raime sxva materiaze, romelTanac Sexeba aqvs; ar iwvevs
garemos dabinZurebas da ar azianebs adamianis janmrTelobas.
amgvari narCenebis damabinZurebeli efeqti da ekotoqsikuroba
umniSvnelo unda iyos da ar uqmnis safrTxes miwiszeda da/an
miwisqveSa wylebis xarisxs.
mavne narCenebi, romlebic gansazRvrulia 91/689 direqtivis 1(4)
muxlSi da gaaCnia Semdegi potenciuri Tvisebebi: `feTqebadi~,
mJavianoba, Zalian aalebadi an aalebadi, gamaRizianebeli,
toqsikuri, kancerogenuli, koroziuli, infeqciuri,
teratogenuri, mutagenuri; haerTan, wyalTan an mJavasTan
kontaqtisas gamoyofs Zalian toqsikur an toqsikur gazebs;
nivTierebebi, romlebsac ganadgurebisas SeuZlia warmoSvas sxva
nivTierebebi da ekotoqsikuri nivTierebebi.
uvnebeli narCenebi, romlebic zemoTaRweril gansazRvrebas ar Seesabameba.
Camdinare
wylebi
mtknari wyali, romelic saproeqto saqmianobis Sedegad
dabinZurda.
inventarizacia
narCenebis klasifikaciis Semdeg, romelmac unda gansazRvros narCenebSi potenciuri
safrTxis Semcveloba, garemos dacvis moxele Seadgens narCenebis Tavdapirvel
sainvetarizacio nusxas. amaSi mas daxmarebas gauwevs obieqtis menejeri, romelic
miawodebs mas informacias obieqtze arsebuli mavne da uvnebeli narCenebis Sesaxeb, rac
garemos dacvis moxeles Semdegi sakiTxebis dadgenaSi daexmareba:
• ra saxis damuSavebas saWiroebs (Tu saWiroebs) mocemuli narCenebi;
• rogori mopyroba esaWiroeba mocemul narCenebs (magaliTad, piradi dacvis
saSualebebis da sxva amgvaris saWiroeba);
• rogor unda iqnes Senaxuli mocemuli narCenebi (Tu amgvari saWiroa);
• saboloo damuSavebis/ganadgurebis wesi.
inventarizaciisa da Semdgomi zomebis, maT Soris iarliyebis damagrebis, mizania
uzrunvelyos sakmarisi informaciis gadacema da, aqedan gamomdinare, narCenebis usafrTxo
saboloo ganadgureba.
xelmZRvanelobis kontrolis qveS garemos dacvis savele moxeleebi, an maT mier
dasaxelebuli pirebi, uzrunelyofen sainventarizacio nusxebis Sedgenas TavianT
obieqtebze. aseTi sainventarizacio nusxebi, Semdeg informacias Seicavs:
68
• narCenebis nakadebi da wyaroebi;
• narCenebis nakadebis aRwera da klasifikacia; magaliTad, mavnea Tu uvnebeli mocemuli
narCenebi;
• Senaxvis wesebi, Tu es saWiro gaxda;
• ganadgurebis meTodebi da kontraqtorebi;
• narCenebis raodenobrivi maCveneblebi – wliuri, kvartaluri an yovelTviuri,
romelic saWiroa.
sainventarizacio Canawerebs, yovelwliurad an Sesabamisi cvlilebis Setanis dros
awarmoeben Sesabamisi garemos dacvis savele moxeleebi, an maT mier dasaxelebuli pirebi.
narCenebis sainventarizacio nusxebis aslebi aseve waredgineba garemos dacvis menejers
da garemos dacvis moxeles. Canawerebis ganaxlebas awarmoeben mxolod is pirebi,
romlebmac sainventarizacio nusxis sargeblobis sakiTxSi specialuri momzadeba gaiares.
narCenebTan mopyroba
yvela TanamSromeli, romelsac raime Sexeba eqneba mavne an uvnebel narCenebTan (maT
Soris, garemos dacvis savele moxeleebi, centraluri koleqtoris operatorebi, banakis
administratorebi, avtosaremonto sadguris menejerebi, wylis gadamamuSavebeli
danadgarebis operatorebi, damlageblebi, sasadilos personali, narCenebis gadamzidveli
da a.S.) specialur momzadebas (treinings) gaivlis Semdeg sferoebSi:
• saTanado segregaciis wesebi da procedura;
• mzrunvelobis valdebulebis sistema da dokumentaciis swored gaformebis wesi;
• narCenebTan mopyroba (piradi dacvis saSualebebiT sargebloba), maT Soris narCenebis
Segroveba sacxovrebel blokebSi;
• narCenebis damuSaveba;
• narCenebis Senaxva.
narCenebTan, gansakuTrebiT ki mavne narCenebTan mopyrobis wesi specifikuri unda iyos
TiToeuli saxis narCenebTan mimarTebaSi. rodesac SesaZlebelia, gamofenil unda iqnes
C üSüü furclebi (gamokruli iqneba Sesabamisi instruqciebi; mag. nivTierebis aRwera,
mopyrobis wesebi, piradi dacvis saSualebebi da a.S.).
iarliyebis damagreba
garemos dacvis Sesabamisi savele moxeleebi, an maT mier dasaxelebuli pirebi,
valdebulni arian uzrunvelyon narCenebis konteinerebis markireba, raTa SesaZlebeli
gaxdes maTi SigTavsis gansazRvra da zustad aRwera. es aucilebelia imisaTvis, raTa
maTTan mopyrobisas gareSe personalma daicvas usafrTxoebis wesebi. narCenebi, romelTa
saxeoba miTiTebuli ar aris, mavne narCenebad miiCneva da zemoT aRweril klasifikacias
daeqvemebareba.
adgilze yvela saxis konteinerebze (tolCebi, gorgolaWebiani yuTebi, kasrebi da
a.S.) damagrebul unda iqnes Sesabamisi iarliyebi, raTa gasagebi gaxdes, Tu ra saxis
69
narCenebis Cayra SeiZleba ama Tu im konteinerSi. gaugebrobis Tavidan acilebis mizniT
Zveli iarliyebi unda moixsnas.
narCenebis Senaxva da segregacia
specialuri konteinerebi ganlagebuli unda iyos narCenebis warmoqmnis ubanTan
axlos..
TiToeul obieqtze unda iyos specialuri nagebobebi, e.w. narCenebis koleqtorebi,
sadac SesaZlebeli gaxdeba narCenebis segregacia da Sesabamis taraSi ganTavseba.
narCenebi adgilze minimaluri drois ganmavlobaSi unda darCes da rac SeiZleba
swrafad iqnes gatanili damuSavebis da ganadgurebis mizniT.
narCenebi ise unda iqnes Senaxuli, rom gamoiricxos:
• SemTxveviTi gaJonva an daRvra, miwis an miwisqveSa wylebis dabinZureba, konteinerebis
gatexva SemTxveviTi Sejaxebis Sedegad, haerTan kontaqti meoradi SefuTvis da/an
Tavsaxurebis gamoyenebiT;
• konteinerebis korozia an cveTa, rogorc garemos (TavSesafris uzrunvelyofis
gziT), ise TviTon narCenebis mier; saamisod unda SeirCes konkretuli narCenebis
mimarT gamZle konteinerebi; magaliTad, avtomobilis akumulatorebi koroziis gamZle
plastmasis TefSebze unda daidgas;
• qurdoba, narCenebis banakis daculi perimetris farglebSi ganTavsebis gziT;
• pirutyvis mier narCenebSi Zromiali; saamisod, lpobadi narCenebi dasaxur da Casaket
konteinerebSi unda ganTavsdes.
narCenebis konteinerebi unda Seesabamebodes Sesanaxi narCenebis zomas, formas,
Semadgenlobas da xifaTis Semcvelobas. gamoyenebul unda iqnes mxolod karg
mdgomareobaSi myofi konteinerebi. Tavsaxurebi cxadia unda iketebodes an sxva saxis
saxuravi unda iqnes gamoyenebuli. ar SeiZleba iseTi konteinerebis gamoyeneba, romlebic
SeiZleba reagirebdes SigTavsTan, an saidanac SeiZleba gamoJonos mavne nivTirebam. yvela
mavne narCenebi mkacrad unda iqnes segregirebuli danarCeni narCenebisagan. erT
konteinerSi SeiZleba ganTavsdes mxolod erTi saxis mavne nivTiereba. myari da Txevadi
narCenebi erTmaneTs ar unda Seerios.
narCeni zegavlenis üüüüüüüüüüüü üüüüüüüüüüü
garemosdacviTi saqmianobis aseve erT-erT strategiul mimarTulebas ganekuTvneba
garemos mdgomareobis monitoringi, romelic iTvaliswinebs garemoze mdgomareobis
dakvirvebas da mopovebuli informaciis analizs, rac saSualebas iZleva prognozirebadi
gaxdes garemos cvlileba nebismieri sameurneo saqmianobis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi.
es sakiTxi detaluradaa ganxiluli Semdegi Tavis Sesabamis muxlSi – 9.4.
70
9. proeqtis ganxorcielebis ekologiur-ekonomikuri Sefaseba
9.1. proeqtis ganxorcielebis alternatiuli variantebis analizi dagegmili saqmianobis garemoze zemoqmedebis Seswavlisa da SesaZlo gavlenis
SefasebisaTvis aucilebelia detalurad iqnes ganxiluli zemoqmedebis qveS moqceuli
garemos arsebuli mdgomareoba. aRniSnuli moTxovnis dacva unda ganxorcieldes
normatiuli da sakanonmdeblo bazis safuZvelze da eyrdnobodes sarwmuno (reprezetatul)
monacemebs. am mimarTulebiT mniSvnelovania mravalmxrivi da erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli
ekologiuri faqtorebis analizis Catareba, amasTan erTad, “garemoze zemoqmedebis
Sefasebis Sesaxeb” debulebis Tanaxmad, SesaZlebelia proeqtis ganxorcielebis
alternatiuli variantebis analizi, variantebis SerCevisa da axali variantebis formirebis
aRwera. am procesSi gamoiyeneba gadawyvetilebis miRebis Teoriisa da sistemuri analizis
zogadi sqema, rac gulisxmobs Semdegi Tanmimdevruli etapebis ganxorcielebas. (ix. naxazi
3).
nax. 3. alternatiuli variantebis sistemuri analizis zogadi sqema
1. problemis gansazRvra
2. variantebis simravlis gansazRvris maxasiaTebeli niSnebis gamoyofa
3. SesaZlo saproeqto gadawyvetilebaTa simravlis dadgena
4. optimaluri variantis SerCevis
kriteriumebis gansazRvra
5. praqtikulad mizanSewonili ramdenime mTavari variantis SerCeva
6. variantebis Sefaseba dadgenili kriteriumebis mixedviT
7. mravalkriteriumiani amocanis gadawyveta
8. optimaluri variantis SerCeva da daskvnebi
71
proeqtis alternatiuli variantebis analizi, rogorc wesi, gulisxmobs:
a) egreTwodebuli “nulovani variantis” (scenari proeqtis gareSe) Sefasebas;
b) ZiriTadi variantis aRweras;
g) erTi an ramdenime alternatiuli variantis aRweras.
variantebis simravlis dasadgenad gamoiyeneba alternativebis Semdegi
damaxasiaTebeli niSnebi:
- proeqtis adgilmdebareoba;
- teqnologiuri procesi da gamoyenebuli danadgarebis tipi.
optimaluri variantis SerCevis kriteriumad miRebulia:
a) garemosdacviT standartebTan Sesabamisobis maxasiaTeblebi;
b) teqnikurad ganxorcielebadobis kriteriumebi;
g) socialuri da ekonomikuri maxasiaTeblebi.
amrigad, saqmianobis ganxorcielebis alternatiuli variantebis SerCevis zogadi
moTxovnebi da kriteriumebi sakmaod mravalferovania da garkveulwilad damokidebulia
investoris mier Catarebul organizaciul RonisZiebebze. konkretulad, am sakiTxTan
dakavSirebuli RonisZiebebi alternatiuli adgilisa da RonisZiebebis SerCevasTan
ganxiluli iyo obieqtis daproeqtirebisas. dReisdReobiT ki aRniSnuli obieqti
warmoadgens funqcionirebad obieqts. .
aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom Saxturi Rumelebidan gamomavali gamomavali
airmtvernarevis gawmendisaTvis SerCeul iqna iseTi meTodi, romelic maqsimalurad
efeqturia aRniSnuli tipis warmoebisaTvis da maTi eqsploatacia ar warmoqmnis did
sirTules maTi normalurad funqcionirebisaTvis. Jamuri efeqturoba mtverdamWeri
sistemisa Seadgens 91.2 %-s, rac SeiZleba CaiTvalos kargi efeqturobis mtverdamWer
sistemad.
9.2 proeqtis ganxorcielebis Semdgomi situaciis analizi, mosalodneli emisiebis saxeobebi da raodenobebi
gaTvlebis Sedegebi da zemoqmedebis Sedegad gamowveuli garemos axali
mdgomareobis analizi
gaTvlebi ganxorcielda im SemTxvevisaTvis, roca erTdroulad afrqvevs yvela
wyaro, rac Seyvanil iqna kompiuterSi, mocemulia danarTis pirvel furcelze. aseve
gaTvaliswinebuli iqna mtvris fonuri maCveneblebi, qalaqis mosaxleobis raodenobis
gaTvaliswinebiT (10 - 50 aTasi mosaxleoba). sawarmodan uaxloesi dasaxlebuli punqti
mdebareobs dasavleT mxares 250 metr manZilze kordinatebiT; X=-250 ; ü=0.: xolo sxva
mimarTulebebiT 500 metrze meti manZilze dasaxlebuli punqti ar arsebobs.
araorganuli mtveri - uaxloes dasaxlebul punqtSi (250 m) misi mniSvneloba
tolia 0.90 zdk-is, xolo 500 metr manZilze 0.73 zdk-is.;
72
azotis orJangi - uaxloes dasaxlebul punqtSi (250 m) misi mniSvneloba tolia
0.04 zdk-is, xolo 500 metr manZilze aseve tolia 0.04 zdk-is.;
naxSirJangi - uaxloes dasaxlebul punqtSi (250 m) misi mniSvneloba tolia 0.08
zdk-is, xolo 500 metr manZilze aseve tolia 0.08 zdk-is.;
gogirdis orJangi - uaxloes dasaxlebul punqtSi (250 m) misi mniSvneloba tolia
0.57 zdk-is, xolo 500 metr manZilze 0.40 zdk-is.;
Wvartli – gafrqvevebis intensivobis simciris gamo sistema « ekologma » gaTvlebi
ar awarmoa.
9.3. garemoze dadgenil zemoqmedebaTa faqtorebis Sedegad miRebuli “garemos mosalodneli mdgomareobis” prognozi
mocemuli garemosdacviTi damasabuTebeli dokumentaciis Sedgenisas Seswavlilia da
aRwerilia investoris mier dagegmili saqmianobis pirdapiri da arapirdapiri zegavlena
adamianis janmrTelobaze da mis saqmianobis usafrTxoebaze, agreTve garemos ZiriTad
komponentebze – atmosferul haerze, wylis obieqtebze, niadagze, klimatze. miniSnebulia
ganxiluli sakiTxebis damokidebuleba socialur da ekonomikur faqtorebze. saqmianoba
mikuTvnebulia im kategorias, romlebic saWiroeben garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTvas.
ganxiluli sawarmoo obieqtis saqmianobis garemoze zemoqmedebis xarisxobrivi Sefaseba
sxvadasxva kategoriis receptorebze da ekosistemis komponentebze mocemulia cxril 23-
Si.
warmodgenili masalebi miuTiTeben, rom ganxiluli sawarmoo obieqtis muSaobisas,
emisiis wyaroebidan atmosferul haerSi mavne nivTierebaTa gamofrqvevis Sedegad maTi
gabneviT damyarebuli, mavne nivTierebaTa atmosferuli koncentraciebi naklebia maTsave
sanitaruli normebiT dasaSveb koncentraciebze. amitom am wyaroebidan atmosferul
gafrqvevaTa Semdgomi Semcireba araa aucileblobiT nakarnaxevi.
miuxedavad aRniSnuli garemoebisa, gasaTvalisawinebelia Semdegi rekomendacia:
sawarmodan garemos mtvriT dabinZurebis Semcirebis mizniT unda moxdes misi
mtvriT dabinZurebuli teritoriis periodulad morwyva, gansakuTrebiT mSral da qarian
amindSi, rom mniSvnelovnad Semcirdes teritoriidan garemos mtvriT dabinZureba.
73
cxrili 23 gzS-s xarisxobrivi maxasiaTeblebi
ü calkeuli komponentebi, faqtorebi gavlenis maStabebi SeniSvna
1 2 3 4 1 adamianis janmrTeloba da
usafrTxoeba
umniSvnelo emisia
aratoqsikuri
2
bunebrivi garemo: mcenareuli safari
cxovelTa samyaro
niadagi
atmosferuli haeri
wylis obieqtebi
klimati
landSafti
ekosistemebi
- - - -
gasaTvaliswinebeli
umniSvnelo
umniSvnelo - - -
3 istoriuli Zeglebi -
4 socialuri da ekonomikuri dadebiTi
9.4. garemosdacviTi monitoringis gegmebis SemuSavebis winadadebebi proeqtis ganxorcielebis, mimdinareobisa da dasrulebis etapebisaTvis
garemosdacviTi monitoringis organizacia
garemosdacviTi saqmianobis erT-erT strategiul mimarTulebas ganekuTvneba garemos
mdgomareobis monitoring, romelic iTvaliswinebs garemos mdgomareobaze dakvirvebas da
mopovebuli monacemebis analizs, rac saSualebas iZleva prognozirebadi gaxdes garemos
cvlileba nebismieri sameurneo saqmianobis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi. garemos
mdgomareobis monitoringi gulisxmobs garemos dabinZurebis wyaroTa dadgenas da am
wyaroebidan mavne nivTierebaTa garemoSi gamoyofis maxasiaTeblebis gansazRvras. agreTve
proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli, mavne nivTierebebis garemoSi zRvrulad dasaSvebi gamoyofis
(atmosferoSi gamofrqvevis, wylis obieqtebSi gaSvebis) gadametebis SemTxvevaSi -
gafrTxilebas da saTanado organizaciuli RonisZiebebis gatarebis rekomendaciebis
SemuSavebas. atmosferuli haeris xarisxis kontroli dasaxlebul punqtebSi warmoebs
saqstandarti 17.2.3.01-86 moTxovnaTa Sesabamisad. aRniSnuli standartiT
gaTvaliswinebulia atmosferuli haeris mdgomareobis Sefaseba qveyanaSi danergili
dakvirvebebis sistemis meSveobiT (maT Soris, stacionaluri da moZravi postebi). am
sistemis stacionaluri postis daniSnulebaa – regularuli, uwyveti registracia
awarmoos atmosferuli haeris mdgomareobis Sesaxeb (maT Soris, ZiriTadad haerSi
gogirdis orJangis, naxSirJangis, azotis Jangeulebisa da naxSirwyalbadebis
maxasiaTebelTa dafiqsirebiT. agreTve saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi - sinjebis aRebiT sxva mavne
nivTierebaTa raodenobrivi sidideebis atmosferul haerSi gansasazwvravad).
monitoringis sistemaSi gansakuTrebuli roli eniWeba TviTmonitoringis
organizacias. ganxiluli sawarmoo obieqtis dabinZurebis gamoyofis wyaroebze
ganxorcieldes atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebis wyaroebze sistematuri kontrolis
74
uzrunvelyofa. TviTmonitoringis aseTi sistema saSualebas iZleva operatiulad
ganisazRvros atmosferul haerSi mavne nivTierebebis emisiis moculobebi da saxeebi.
mocemul dokumentaciaSi dadgenili, sawarmoo obieqtis funqcionirebiT garemos
damabinZurebeli nivTierebebis CamonaTvalis gaTvaliswinebiT, TviTmonitoringul qselSi
CarTvas eqvemdebareba mtveri, Wvartli, azotis orJangi, naxSirJangi da gogirdis
orJangi.
TviTmonitoringis gegmaSi aseve mizanSewonilia, rom mavne nivTierebaTa emisiebis
gansazRvris erT-erT wertilad aRebul iqnes uaxloesi dasaxlebuli punqtia.
radagan sawarmoo Camdinare wylebi sawarmos ar gaaCnia, garda sayofacxovrebo
wylebisa, romlisTvisac gaaCnia amosawmendi ormo, amitom TviTmonitoringis Catareba am
kuTxiT ar saWiroebs. .
garemos mdgomareobis TviTmonitoringi da zemoqmedebis Sefasebis meTodebi
saqar.velos kanonebi "garemos dacvis hesaxeb” "wylis dacvis Cesaxeb” "atmosferuli
¾aeris dacvis Sesaxeb” da sxv. aweseben Sesabamis mo.xovnebs dabinZurebis wyaroebidan
mavne nivTierebata TviTmonitoringis warmoebaze, romlis mixedviTac am nawilSi,
sawarmoo obieqtis mier garemoSi gamoyofili mavne niv.ierebebis maxasiaTebelTa gazomvis
(Sefasebis), aRricxvis da angariSgebis warmoebis valdebulebebi dakisrebuli aqvs
saqmianobis subieqts.
sawarmoSi atmosferuli haeris dacvis RonisZiebaTa dagegmva da monitoringis
organizacia
atmosferuli haeris dacvis TviTmonitoringis reglamentis samarTlebrivi
safuZvelia saqarTvelos garemosa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis saministros mier
damtkicebuli instruqcia "dabinZurebis stacionaruli wyaroebidan mavne nivTierebebis
gafrqvevebis TviTmonitorigis da angariSebis warmoebis wesebis Sesaxeb”. es instruqcia
aregulirebs samarTlebriv urTierTobebs saqarTvelos garemos dacvis saministrosa
fizikur da iuridiul (saku.rebis da organizaciul samar.lebrivi formis miuxedavad)
pirebs Soris. instruqciis mizania fizikur da iuridiul pirTa saqmianobisas
dabinZurebis stacionaruli wyaroebidan mavne nivTierebebis gafrqvevebis aRricxvisa da
angariSgebis wesis dadgena. xolo am instruqciis amocanas warmoadgens fizikur da
iuridiul pirTa mier dabinZurebis stacionaruli wyaroebidan atmosferul haerSi mavne
niv.ierebebis gafrqvevebis aRricxva da maTi warmoeba pirveladi aRricxvis dokumentaciis
Sesabamisad. pirveladi aRricxvis dokumentaciis(pad) formebi ganku.vnilia atmosferuli
haeris dabinZurebis stacionaruli wyaroebis da maTi maxasiaTeblebis (cxrili 24,
forma # pad-1). airmtverdamWeri danadgarebis muSaobis (cxrili 25 forma # pad-2) da
atmosferuli haeris dacvis RonisZiebebis Sesrulebis (cxrili 26, forma # pad-3)
aRricxvisaTvis. Îpad-is formebis sawarmoeblad sawarmos unda gaaCndes mavne
nivTierebaTa gamoyofis da gafrqvevis wyaroebis ganlagebis sqema masze warmoebis
75
(saamqros, ubnis) mavne nivTierebaTa gamoyofis da gafrqvevis wyaroebis nomrebis Cvenebi..
maT warmoebas yovelkvartalurad axorcielebs saqarmo an misi damkveTi. fizikuri an
iuridiuli piri saqar.velos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad, maTi Sevsebis sizustes
xelmoweri. adasturebs sawarmos xelmZRvanelis mier uflebamosili piri atmosferuli
haeris dacvis sakiTxebze pasuxismgebloba instruqciis moTxovnaTa darRvevisaTvis
ganisazRvreba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobi..
Îpad-is formebi warmoadgens mavne nivTierebaTa gafrqvevebis saxelmwifo aRricxvis
safuZvels, romelsac awarmoebs saqarTvelos garemosa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis
saministro Tanaxmad "atmosferuli haeris dacvis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanonis 37-e
muxlis me-4 punqtisa.
forma # pad-1 (ix. cxrili 24) aris sawarmoSi atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebis
wyaroebis da maTi maxasiaTeblebis aRricxvianobis damadasturebeli pirveladi
dokumenti. forma # pad-1-Si Canawerebi warmoebs dabinZurebis wyaroebis parametrebis
gazomvebis monacemebis da aRebuli sinjebis laboratoruli analizebis detaluri
damuSavebis safuZvelze. Tu mocemul etapze romelime mavne nivTierebis parametrebis
gansazRvris instrumentuli meTodikis araarsebobis an raime sxva obieqturi mizezebis
gamo SeuZlebelia instrumentaluri meTodebi. mavne niv.ierebaTa faqtiuri gafrqvevebis
intensiobebis dadgena. am Sem.xvevaSi dasaSvebia dasadgen parametrTa dadgena Teoriuli
gaangariSebebis safuZvelze saaRricxvo dokumentaciis, materialuri balansis meTodebisa
da specialuri dargobrivi meTodikebis gamoyenebi. saqar.velos garemosa da bunebrivi
resursebis dacvis saministrosTan SeTanxmebi.
forma # pad-2-is (ix. cxrili 25) Sevseba xdeba yvela im sawarmoSi, romlebsac
gaaCnia atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebisagan damcavi airmtverdamWeri mowyobilobebi.
forma # pad-3 (ix. cxrili 26) ivseba sawarmoebis mier im RonisZiebebis
Sesrulebis aRricxvisaTvis, romlebic uzrunvelyofen atmosferul haerSi gafrqveul
mavne nivTierebaTa raodenobis Semcirebas.
atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebis wyaroebis da maT mier gafrqveul damabinZurebel
nivTierebaTa aRricxvianobis mizans warmoadgens sawyisi monacemebis dadgena iseTi
sakiTxebis gadasawyvetad, rogoricaa:
atmosferul haerSi damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa gamofrqvevebis Sedegad garemoze
zemoqmedebis xarisxis Sefaseba;
atmosferul haerSi damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa gamofrqvevebis normativebis
dadgena, rogorc calkeuli wyarosTvis, ise mTlianad sawarmosaTvis;
atmosferul haerSi damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa gamofrqvevebis SezRudvis mizniT
dadgenili normativebis dacvis kontrolis organizacia;
sawarmoSi arsebuli airmtverdamWeri mowyobilobebis teqnikuri mdgomareobis
Sefaseba;
sawarmoSi gamoyenebuli teqnologiuri procesebis ekologiuri maxasiaTeblebis
Sefaseba;
76
sawarmoSi gamoyenebuli nedleulisa da resursebis narCenebis utilizaciis
efeqturobis Sefaseba;
cxili 24
amosferuli haeris dabinZurebis stacionaruli wyaroebisa da
maTi maxasiaTeblebis aRrxvis fma #pad-1
warmoebis (saamqros, ubnis) dasaxeleba
mavne niv.TierebaTa gamoyofis
wyaros (wyaroebis jgu
fis) nomeri
da dasaxel
eba
mavne nivTierebaTa gafrqvevis
wyaros nomeri da dasaxel
eba
mavne nivTierebaTa
gafrqvevis saxe (organizebuli an
araorganizebuli)
mavne
nivTierebaTa
wyaros
parametrebi
sinjebis
(gazom-
vebis)
aRebis
TariRi
sinjebis
(gazom-
vebis)
aRebis
TariRi
adgili
airhaerovani narevis
parametrebi
dabinZurebis wyarodan
gamosvlis adgilze simaR
le diametri an kveTis
zoma, xazobr
ivi wyaro-
sTvis misi sgrZe
temperatura
t 0C
siCqare
m/wm
moculoba
m3/sT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
cxrili 24-is gagreleba
mavne nivTiereb
aTa dasaxele
ba
mavne nivTiereb
aTa koncentracia g/m3
mavne nivTiere-
baTa gamoyofis wyaros
(wyaroebis jgufis) muSaobis dro
s./dRe-Rame
dabinZurebis wyarodan (wyaroebis jgufidan) gamoyofil mavne
nivTierebaTa raodenoba, t/dRe-Rame
mavne nivTie-rebaTa maqsima-luri raode-noba
gafrqve-vaSi g/wm
limitis nomeri, gamcemi
organo da gacemis TariRi
Gafrqve-vebis
raodenobrivi da Tvisob-rivi
maxasia-Teblebis gansaz-Rvris meTodi
formis Sevsebis Semsru-leblis xelmo-wera da TariRi
ñóê maT Soris xvdeba gawmen-daze
aqedan
daWerili da
gauvnebel-yofili
Gafrqve-ulia atmos-feroSi
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Seamowma ----------------------------------------------------- ----------- “ .” …….. 20… w
tmosferuli haeris dacvis sakiTxebze pasuxismgebeli piris gvari da saxeli
xelmowera
77
cxrili 25
airmtverdamWeri mowyobilobebis muSaobis aRricxvis forma # pad-2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
warmoebis (saamqros, ubnis) dasaxeleba
airmtver-damWeri
mowyobilo-bis dasaxe-
leba
mavne nivTi-erebaTa ga-moyofis wyaros
(wyaroebis jgufis) nomeri da dasaxeleba
mavne nivTiereba-Ta gafrqve-vis wyaros nomeri da dasaxeleba
namuSevari saaTebis (cvlebis) raodenoba
dRe-RameSi
airmtver-damWeri mo-wyobilobis mocdenis
dro teqno-logiuri mowyobil-obis muSao-
bisas, sT/dRe-Rame
airmtverda-mWeri mowyo-
bilobis muSaobisas
misi calkeuli aparatebis (agregateb-is) mocdenis
dro, sT/dRe-Rame
airmtver-damWer mowyobi-lobis
(misi cal-keuli apa-ratebis, aggregate-
bis) mocdenis mizezi
formis Sevsebis Semsrul-eblis
xelmowe-ra da TariRi
airmtv-erdamW-eri mow-yobilo-bisTvis
airmtver-damWer mow-yobiloba-sTan dakav-Sirebuli teqnolo-giuri mow-yobilobi-sTvisis
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Seamowma ----------------------------------------------- ----------- “ .” …….. 20… w
atmosferuli haeris dacvis sakiTxebze pasuxismgebeli piris gvari da saxeli
xelmowera
cxili 26
atmosferuli haeris dacvis RonisZiebebis Sesrulebis aRricxvis forma # pad-3
sawarmos (saamqros, ubnis) da teqnologi-uri mowyobi-
lobis dasaxeleba
Sesasrule-beli
RonisZiebis dasaxeleba
Ronis-Ziebis Sesru-lebis vada
Sesasru-lebeli RonisZie-bis dafi-nansebis wyaros dasaxel-
eba
RonisZiebis Catarebaze gamoyofili danaxarjebi (xarjTaRr-icxvis mixe-dviT), lari
faqtiurad Sesrulebuli samuSaoebis (xarjTaRricxvis Rirebulebis mixedviT),
lari
sul mimdi-nare wels aTvisebu-
lia
maT Soris kvartalebis mixedvi.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
cxili 26-is gagrZeleba
RonisZiebis Sesrulebis
danergvis aqtis nomeri da TariRi
atmosferoSi gafrqvevebis faqtiuri Semcireba RonisZiebis Catarebis Semdeg. t.
sul mimdinare wels
maT Soris kvartalebis mixedvi.
I II III IV
11 12 13 14 15 16
Seamowma ----------------------------------------------- ----------- “ .” …….. 20… w
atmosferuli haeris dacvis sakiTxebze pasuxismgebeli piris gvari da saxeli
xelmowera
78
garemos calkeuli komponentebis dacvis sistemis monitoringuli gegmebi
atmosferuli haeris mdgomareobis monitoringi da misi ganxorcielebis gegma
monitoringis Catarebis pirobebi, moTxovnebi da meTodika
atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebis wyaroebis da maT mier gafrqveul damabinZurebel
nivTierebaTa monitoringis mizans warmoadgens ganxiluli sawarmos garemomcveli
atmosferuli haeris faqtiuri mdgomareobis gansazRvrisaTvis da garemosdacviTi
RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebisaTvis realuri monacemebis dadgena. monitoringis gegmis
ganxorcieleba iseTi sakiTxebis efeqturi gadawyvetis saSualebas iZleva, rogoricaa:
- atmosferul haerSi damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa gamofrqvevebis Sedegad
garemoze zemoqmedebis maxasiaTebelTa dadgena;
- atmosferul haerSi damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa gamofrqvevebis normativebis
Sesabamisad aucileblobis SemTxvevebSi garemoze mavne gavlenis Semarbilebeli
RonisZiebebis gatareba, rogorc calkeuli wyarosTvis, ise mTlianad sawarmosaTvis;
- atmosferul haerSi damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa gamofrqvevebis SezRudvis
mizniT dadgenili normativebis dacvis kontrolis organizacia;
- sawarmoSi arsebuli airmtverdamWeri mowyobilobebis teqnikuri mdgomareobis
Sefaseba;
- sawarmoSi gamoyenebuli teqnologiuri procesebis ekologiuri maxasiaTeblebis
Sefaseba;
- sawarmoSi gamoyenebuli nedleulisa da resursebis narCenebis utilizaciis
efeqturobis Sefaseba;
- sawarmoSi atmosferuli haeris dacvis RonisZiebaTa dagegmva.
moqmed sawarmoebSi atmosferuli haeris mdgomareobis monitoringis Catarebis
organizaciisa da misi Sedegebis dokumentalurad gaformebis ZiriTadi moTxovnebi da
miTiTebebi dadgenilia saqarTvelos garemosa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis
saministros mier^ romelTa detaluri gadmocema ganxorcielebulia mocemuli
dokumentis meore TavSi. es moTxovnebi da miTiTebebi gankuTvnilia saqarTvelos
teritoriaze ganlagebul samrewvelo, satransporto, sasoflo – sameurneo da sxva
daniSnulebis obieqtebisa da sawarmoebisaTvis, romelTac gaaCniaT atmosferuli haeris
dabinZurebis stacionaluri da moZravi wyaroebi.
sakanonmdeblo moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT, dabinZurebis stacionaruli wyaroebidan
atmosferul haerSi gafrqvevebis faqtobrivi raodenoba dgindeba atmosferuli haeris
mavne nivTierebebiT dabinZurebis kontrolisaTvis dadgenili gamoyenebiTi meTodebis
saSualebiT (saqarTvelos kanoni “atmosferuli haeris dacvis Sesaxeb”, muxli 42).
gamoyenebiT meTodebs ganekuTvneba:
a) dabinZurebis stacionaruli wyaroebidan atmosferul haerSi gafrqvevebis
faqtobrivi raodenobis dadgenis instrumentuli meTodi, romlis safuZvelia
79
dabinZurebis stacionaruli wyaroebidan atmosferul haerSi gafrqvevebis faqtobrivi
raodenobis dadgena specialuri gamzom – sakontrolo aparaturis gamoyenebiT;
b) dabinZurebis stacionaruli wyaroebidan atmosferul haerSi gafrqvevebis
faqtobrivi raodenobis gansazRvris saangariSo meTodi. saangariSo meTodebis safuZvelia
dabinZurebis stacionaruli wyaroebidan atmosferul haerSi gafrqvevebis faqtobrivi
raodenobis dadgena specialuri dargobrivi saangariSo meTodikebis gamoyenebiT.
aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, atmosferul haerSi damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa
gamofrqvevebis monitoringis Catarebisas, saWiroebis mixedviT SesaZlebelia gamoyenebul
iqnes gazomvebis pirdapiri meTodebi, damyarebuli uSualod instrumentalur gazomvebze,
agreTve dasadgeni parametrebis Teoriuli gaangariSebebi, specialuri dargobrivi
meTodikebis gamoyenebiT. aRniSnuli meTodebis gamoyenebis mizanSewonilebisa da
regulirebis mizniT, kanonmdeblobiT dadgenilia garemosdacviT organoebTan Sesabamisi
SeTanxmebebis procedurebis Catareba. dargobrivi, sawarmo obieqtTagan atmosferuli
haeris damabinZurebel gamofrqvevaTa monitoringis arsebuli meTodebidan (analizur-
eqsperimentuli, balansuri da xvedriTi gafrqvevis koeficientebis gamoyenebiT)balansur
meTods im SemTxvevaSi eZleva upiratesoba, roca ar aris analizur-eqsperimentuli
meTodiT gamofrqvevaTa aRricxvis praqtikuli SesaZlebloba. amis gamo, ganxiluli
sawarmosaTvis haeris damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa atmosferuli gafrqvevebis
monitoringuli maCveneblebis dasadgenad rekomendebulia saangariSo meTodis gamoyeneba
(Tanaxmad meore TavSi miRebuli meTodologiisa).
monitoringis ubnebi da sakontrolo wertilebi
atmosferos mdgomareobis monitoringis CatarebisaTvis aucilebelia atmosferoze
zemoqmedebis ubnebis funqcionirebisa da mavne nivTierebaTa atmosferoSi gamomfrqvevi
danadgarebis eqspluataciis pirobebis srulad asaxva, monitoringis Catarebis ZiriTadi
principebis gasaxorcieleblad aucilebelia sakontrolo wertilebis ise SerCeva, rom
gaTvalisWinebuli iqnes monitoringuli dakvirvebebi Semdeg sawarmoo ubnebzeK
- Saxturi Rumeli (ori cali SeerTebuli erT gamwov da gamwmend sistemaSi), (g-1);
- nedleulis (kirqvis) miReba dasawyoeba, (g-2);
- nedleulis (qvanaxSiris) miReba dasawyoeba, (g-3);
- nedleulis (kirqva, qvanaxSiri) gadatvirTva RumelebSi, (g-4, g-5);
- kiris gadatvirTva manqanebSi, (g-6).
monitoringis Sedegebis fiqsirebis formebi da dabinZurebis stacionaruli
wyaroebidan atmosferul haerSi gafrqvevebis faqtobrivi raodenobis Sesatyvisi
informaciis xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelyofa daregulirebulia saqarTvelos
kanonmdeblobi. normatiuli sakanonmdeblo moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT monitoringis
maxasiaTeblebi da Catarebis perioduloba asaxulia cxrilebSi 1/atm,mon-2/atm,mon
regularulad, kvartaluri periodulobiT monitoringuli masalebi analizdeba da
ivseba dabinZurebis stacionaruli wyaroebidan, agreTve mobiluri wyaroebidan
80
atmosferul haerSi gafrqvevebis faqtobrivi raodenobis saangariSgebo formebiK forma
Îpad-1, forma pad-2 da forma pad-3.
monitoringis gegmis perioduloba da strategia
monitoringis gegmis perioduloba mocemulia cxrilSi 27/atm.mon
cxrili 27/atm.mon
atmosferul haerSi e
SefasebisaTvis
SerCeuli wertili
gafrqvevis
stacionaruli
wyaroebi an
uaxloesi
dasaxlebuli punqti
sinjebis
aRebis
periodu-
loba
atmosferuli haeris damabinZurebeli
nivTierebebi
mtveri azotis
orJangi naxSirJangi
gogirdis
orJangi Wvartli
kvartalSi
erTxel
SeniSvna: 1.avariuli gafrqvevebis (zalpuri) SemTxvevaSi sinjebis aReba moxdeba
yoveldRiurad.
2.konkretuli gegmis damtkiceba sawarmos mier unda moxdes gegmis
ganxorcielebaze pasuxismgebeli fizikuri, an iuridiuli pirebis miTiTebiT.
xmauris monitoringi da misi ganxorcielebis gegma
monitoringis Catarebis pirobebi, moTxovnebi da meTodika
xmauris monitoringi ganxorcieldeba weliwadSi erTxel, sawarmos sruli
datvirTviT moqmedebis dros - mis Catarebaze kompeteturi specializebuli organos
(specialistTa jgufis mier), romelTanac gaformdeba saTanado xelSekruleba.
monitoringis Catarebis pirobebi, moTxovnebi da meTodika ganisazRvreba saTanado
sakanonmdeblo da normatiuli aqtebis safuZvelze.
monitoringis ubnebi da sakontrolo wertilebi
xmauris monitoringis CatarebisaTvis aucilebelia SeirCes am maxasiaTebliT
gansakuTrebiT gamorCeuli sawarmoo ubnebi, aseT ubnebad iTvleba:
- gamwovi ventilacia;
sawarmos mxolod aRniSnuli ubani eqvemdebareba monitoringul Sefasebas, radgan
danarCeni ubnebis funqcionireba ganpirobebulia avariuli situaciebiT da Sesabamisad,
xmauris efeqti am SemTxvevebSi warmoadgens yuradRebis miqcevisaTvis erT-erT
savaldebulo faqtors.
wylis mdgomareobis monitoringi da misi ganxorcielebis gegma
radgan sawarmos ar gaaCnia sawarmoo Camdinare wylebi, amitom monitoringis
organizeba aRniSnuli mimarTulebiT ar saWiroebs.
81
narCenebis monitoringi da misi ganxorcielebis gegma
monitoringis Catarebis pirobebi, moTxovnebi da meTodika
narCenebis sakiTxebTan mimarTebaSi, TviTmonitoringis Catarebis mdgomareoba
ukavSirdeba sawarmoo obieqtis saqmianobisa.vis damaxasia.ebeli teqnologiuri ciklis
konkretul etapebs, rogorc zemo. aRiniSna, saqmianobis dasaxuli miznis miRqevisaTvis
sawarmo sargeblobs 'regionis centraluri komunaluri da sxva samsaxurebis
SesaZleblobebiT. amis gaTvaliswinebiT Sesabamisi samsaxurebis uflebamosilebis
farglebSi yalibdeba sayofacxovrebo narCenebis sawarmoo obieqtidan gatanis problemis
gadaqyveta. gansakuTrebiT unda aRiniSnos, rom sawarmoo obieqtze warmoiqmneba iseTi
narCenebic, romelTa xasia.Ti pirdapir ukavSirdeba sawarmoo saqmianobis Taviseburebebs
da aqedan gamomdinare, aucilebelia aseTi narCenebis sawarmos teritoriidan gatanis da
Semdgomi utilizaciis problemebi gadaqyvetil iqnas garemosdacviT da komunaluri
momsaxurebis kompetetur organoebTan SeTanxmebiT. K
sawarmoos eqsploataciisas sawarmoo narCenebi ar warmoiqmneba, mtverdamWer
sistemebSi daWerili mtveri (kiris mtveri), romelic gamoiyeneba rogorc soflis
meurneobaSi mJave niadagebSi Sesatanad, aseve mJave wylebis neitralizaciisaTvis.
sayofacxovrebo narCenebi ganTavsdeba sawarmoos teritoriaze dadgmul konteinerebSi
da xelSekrulebis safuZvelze periodulad gatanil iqneba qalaqis komunaluri
dasufTavebis samsaxuris mier municipalur nagavsayrelze.
saburavebis, rezinis nakeTobebis da sxva elastomerebis narCenebi (warmoqmnis
SemTxvevaSi) raodenobiT Sesabamisi xelSekrulebis safuZvelze gadaecema garemoze
zemoqmedebis mqone im organizaciebs, romlebic zemoT aRniSnuli meoradi produqtebis
gadamuSavebiT axdenen navTobproduqtebis regenerirebas samomxmareblo masalebad.
celofnis, plastikuri masalebis nakeTobaTa da sxva SesafuTi masalebis narCenebis
warmoqmnis SemTxvevaSi isini meoradi gadamuSavebis mizniT gadaecemaT garemoze
zemoqmedebis nebarTvis mqone Sesabamis organizaciebs.
sawarmos kuTvnili avtotransportis teqmomsaxureoba xorcieldeba teqmomsaxureobis
obieqtSi da aqedan gamomdinare remontis Tanmxlebi narCenebi rCeba teqmomsaxureobis
obieqtSi.
metalis (samSeneblo da saremonto samuSaoebis Catarebisas warmoqmnis
SemTxvevaSi) nawili narCenebis moxmareba moxdeba induqciur RumelSi, nawilis realizeba
moxdeba jarTisa da feradi metalebis mimReb punqtebSi.
monitoringis ubnebi da sakontrolo wertilebi
narCenebis monitoringisT.vis mizanSewonilia SeirCes Semdegi sawarmoo ubnebi:K
- sayofacxovrebo-sameurneo narCenebis warmoqmnis ubani.
biomravalferovnebaze monitoringi da misi ganxorcielebis gegma.
sawarmos gavlenis sferoSi ar SeiniSneba biomravalferovnebis is saxeobebi,
romlebic moiTxoven monitorings da aqedan gamomdinare maTi monitoringi da misi
ganxorcielebis gegmis SemuSaveba saWiroebas ar moiTxovs.
82
niadagis dabinZurebaze monitoringi da misi ganxorcielebis gegma.
sawarmos gavlenis sferoSi, sawarmos specifikidan gamomdinare, niadagis
dabinZurebis albaToba praqtikulad ar arsebobs, aqedan gamomdinare misi monitoringis
saWiroeba ar arsebobs.
gruntis wylebis dabinZurebaze monitoringi da misi ganxorcielebis gegma.
sawarmos gavlenis sferoSi, sawarmos specifikidan gamomdinare, gruntis wylebis
dabinZurebis albaToba praqtikulad ar arsebobs, aqedan gamomdinare misi monitoringis
saWiroeba ar arsebobs.
9.5. saqmianobis Sewyvetis SemTxvevaSi, garemos winandel
mdgomareobamde aRdgenis gzebi da saSualebebi.
saqmianobis Sewyvetis SemTxvevaSi mewarme valdebulia mis mier aRebuli teritoria
moiyvanos saqmianobis dawyebamde arsebul mdgomareobaSi.
saqmianobis specifikidan gamomdinare, sawarmoo miznebisaTvis gamoyofili
teritoriis farTobi, saqmianobis ganxorcielebis Sedegad ar ganicdis raime
mniSvnelovan zegavlenas, ris gamoc saqmianobis Sewyvetis pirobebSi, garemos winandel
mdgomareobamde miyvanis sakiTxi ar aris dakavSirebuli gansakuTrebuli RonisZiebebis
gatarebis aucileblobasTan. im SemTxvevaSi Tu saWiro gaxdeba sawarmoo daniSnulebiT
gamoyenebuli nagebobebisa da danadgarebis demontaJi, am sakiTxebis gadawyveta
SesaZlebelia sawarmos saqmianobis Sewyvetis paralelurad – am faseulobebSi im
periodisaTvis arsebuli moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT.
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10. sazogadoebis informireba da sazogadoebrivi azris Sefaseba
saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT, aucilebelia sazogadoebis informireba dagegmili
saqmianobis Sesaxeb da sazogadoebrivi azris gaTvaliswineba am saqmianobis
ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis ganxilvis dros.
kerZod, kanonmdeblobis es moTxovnebi mkafiodaa dafiqsirebuli “garemoze
zemoqmedebis nebarTvis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanonis muxli 6-Si, romelic avaldebulebs
dagegmili saqmianobis ganmaxorcielebels, rom sazogadoebriobisaTvis xelmisawvdomi
gaxados dagegmili saqmianobis garemoze zemoqmedebis dokumentacia da moawyos garemoze
zemoqmedebis angariSis sajaro ganxilva, ris Sesaxebac Sesabamis vadebSi savaldebuloa
centralur da regionalur periodul beWdviT organoSi saTanado informaciis
gamoqveyneba.
am moTxovnaTa dakmayofilebis mizniT, saqmianobis ganmaxorcieleblis mier Catarda
rigi RonisZiebebi, romelTa mizans warmoadgenda realuri suraTis dadgena dagegmili
saqmianobis sawarmoo obieqtis ganlagebis teritoriis maxlobeli ubnebis mosaxleobis
damokidebulebis mxriv.
am RonisZiebebma ZiriTadad gamoavlina mosaxleobis daintereseba SesaZlebeli
dasaqmebis TvalsazrisiT, rac mianiSnebs im garemoebaze, rom socialur-ekonomikuri
mdgomareobis Tanamedrove etapze mosaxleobisaTvis metad aqtualuria dasaqmebis
problemebis gadawyveta, rasac emateba garemosdacviTi RonisZiebebis gatarebis
efeqturobac (gansakuTrebiT - Tanamedrove moTxovnebis mtverdamWeri filtrebis
dayeneba).
centralur da regionalur beWdviT organoSi saTanado informaciis gamoqveynebam,
mosalodnelia gamoiwvios Semdgomi gamoxmaureba sazogadoebidan da Sesabamisi
winadadebebis warmodgena garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis aqtualur problemebze. aseTi
SesaZleblobis gamoCena da damuSavebuli garemosdacviTi damasabuTebeli dokumentaciis
sajaro ganxilvis Sedegebis, agreTve damoukidebeli eqspertebis winadadebebisa da
SeniSvnebis gaTvaliswineba udaod Seasrulebs dadebiT rols dagegmili saqmianobis
sawarmoo obieqtis garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis angariSis srulyofis, agreTve
saZiebeli nebarTvis sanebarTvo pirobebis qmediTi RonisZiebebis Camoyalibebis
mimarTulebiT.
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11. ZiriTadi Sedegebi da daskvnebi
arapirdapiri zegavlena adamianis janmrTelobaze da usafrTxoebaze, atmosferul
haerze, niadagze, wylis obieqtebze, klimatze, miniSnebulia ganxiluli sakiTxis
damokidebuleba socialur da ekonomikur faqtorebze. saqmianoba mikuTvnebulia obieqts,
romelic saWiroebs garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTvas.
moyvanili, garemoze zemoqmedebis xarisxobrivi Sefaseba uCvenebs, rom
gansakuTrebul yuradRebas da ganxilvas moiTxovs atmosferuli haeris dacvis sakiTxebi.
atmosferuli haeris SesaZlo dabinZurebis sakiTxebi detaluradaa gaanalizebuli
warmodgenil garemosdacviT dokumentaciaSi, agreTve ,,zdg’’ - s normativebis proeqtSi,
ris safuZvelzec SesaZlebelia saTanado daskvnebis gakeTeba dagegmili saqmianobis
garemoze zemoqmedebis Sesafaseblad Catarebuli kvlevebis, gazomvebisa da gaTvlebis
safuZvelze miRebuli Sedegebis da dadgenili zRvrulad dasaSvebi gamofrqvevebis
normativebis saproeqto maCveneblebis Tanaxmad. atmosferoSi mavne nivTierebaTa emisiis
maxasiaTeblebi normaSia uaxloes dasaxlebul punqtTan.
sawarmoo obieqtis operirebis pirobebSi aucilebelia organizebul iqnes
teqnikuri kontroli mtverdamWeri saSualebebis funqcionirebisaTvis, rac warmoadgens
savaldebulo moTxovnas atmosferul haerSi miwispira koncentraciebis normebis
dacvisaTvis. aseve aucileblad unda iqnes uzrunvelyofili mtverdamWeri saSualebebis,
rogorc TiToeuli maTganis, aseve yvelas erTdroulad – maTTvis dadgenili
efeqturobis maCveneblebis miRweva-SenarCuneba.
aseve sawarmo valdebulia:
awarmoos sawarmos TviTmonitoringis gegma (pad-is formemis yovelkvaltaruli
Sevseba da wliuri angariSis wardgena Sesabamis samsaxurSi).
arasayrel meteorologiur pirobebSi moaxdinos teritoriis im nawilis morwyva,
saidanac arsebobs didi amtverianebis potenciuri SesaZleboba.
- sawarmoSi momuSave muSa-mosamsaxureebi saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi
uzrunvelyofilni iyvnen spetansacmliT.
- sawarmos is muSa-mosamsaxureebi, romlebsac uwevT muSaoba mtvris maRali
koncentraciis adgilebSi da maRali xmauris mqone danadgarebTan, saWiroebis
Sesabamisad aRWurvilni unda iyvnen mtvrisa da xmauris individualuri dacvis
saSualebebiT
amrigad, realur monacemebze, agreTve saproeqto maxasiaTeblebze dayrdnobiT,
aRniSnuli sawarmoo obieqtisaTvis, im SemTxvevaSi, Tu dagegmili saqmianobis
85
ganxorcielebisas sawarmo daicavs teqnologiuri reglamentis moTxovnebs, gaatarebs
dasaxul RonisZiebebs da ixelmZRvanelebs warmodgenil garemosdacviT dokumentSi
moyvanili rekomendaciebiT - garemosdacviTi nebarTvis proceduris gavlis mizniT
SesaZlebelia gakeTdes garemoze zemoqmedebis, rogorc xarisxobrivi, ise raodenobrivi
mniSvnelobis Sefasebebi, romelTa Tanaxmadac:
ar dairRveva saqarTvelos kanonmdeblob;
ar dairRveva saqarTveloSi moqmedi garemos dacvis normebi;
saqmianobis ganxorcieleba mizanSewonili iqneba misi ganlagebis, Sinaarsisa da
masStabis gamo;
86
gamoyenebuli literatura
1. saqarTvelos konstitucia, Tbilisi, 1995 2. saqarTvelos kanoni "garemos dacvis Sesaxeb". Tbilisi, 1996 3. saqarTvelos kanoni "garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTvis Sesaxeb". Tbilisi, 2007 4. saqarTvelos kanoni "ekologiuri eqspertizis Sesaxeb".Tbilisi, 2007. 5. saqarTvelos kanoni "atmosferuli haeris dacvis Sesaxeb". Tbilisi, 1999. 6. saqarTvelos zedapiruli wylebis dabinZurebisagan dacvis wesebi, Tbilisi, 1996. 7. "saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi" 8. saqarTvelos garemosa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis saministros 2003 wlis 28
ivlisis brZaneba #67 “dabinZurebis stacionaruli wyaroebidan atmosferul haerSi
gafrqvevebis faqtiuri raodenobis gansazRvris instrumentaluri meTodis, dabinZurebis
stacionaruli wyaroebidan atmosferul haerSi gafrqvevebis faqtiuri raodenobis
damdgeni specialuri gamzom-sakontrolo aparaturis standartuli CamonaTvalisa da
dabinZurebis stacionaruli wyaroebidan teqnologiuri procesebis nixedviT atmosferul
haerSi gafrqvevebis faqtobrivi raodenobis saangariSo meTodiis Sesaxeb”. macve #80.
4.08.2003. 9. wyalsatevebSi Camdinare wylebTan erTad CaSvebul damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa
zRvrulad dasaSvebi CaSvebis (z.d.C.) normativebis gaangariSebis meTodika, Tbilisi, 1996.
10. atmosferos dabinZurebis kontrolis saxelmZRvanelo, üü 52.04.186-89m. 1991w. 11. üüüü/C üRIüüIR evropaSi atmosferul gafrqvevaTa inventarizacia, atmosferul
gafrqvevaTa inventarizaciis saxelmZRvanelo, 1997.
12. saqarTvelos bunebrivi resursebi da garemos dacva. saqarTvelos statistikis
saxelmwifo departamenti, Tbilisi, 2002 w.
13. samSeneblo normebi da wesebi, naw.II, proeqtirebis normebi, navTobis da
navTobproduqtTa sawyobebi, moskovi, 1980(rusul enaze). ðèÿòèÿõ Ãîñ
14. sxvadasxva dargTa sawarmoebis ZiriTadi teqnologiuri mowyobiloba-danadgarebidan
atmosferoSi mavne nivTierebaTa xvedriTi gafrqvevebis normatiuli maCveneblebi, mesame
(gadamuSavebuli) gamocema, (11-idan 21-mde ganyofilebani da danarTi), xarkovi, 1991
weli(rusul enaze).
15. üüüüüüüüüüüü üüüüüüüü üü üüüüüüü üüüüüüüü üüüüüüüüüüüü üüüüüüü ü üüüüüüüüü üüüüüüüüüüüüü üüüüüüüüüüüü üüüüüüüüü, üüüü-üüü 1992. 16. üüüüüü üüüüüüüüüü üüüüüüüüüüü üüüüüüüüü, üüüü ü üüüü. üüü üüüüüü ü. üüüüüüüüüüüü. üüüüüüüüüüü üüüüüüüüü üü üüüüüüü, üüü, üüüüüü, 1993. 17. adamia S., gelaSvili n., goderZiSvili n., guguSvili v., zaqaraia d., migineiSvili r.,
mulaZe i., sadraZe n., RavTaZe T., Cxotua T., SaviSvili i., Wabukiani a., javaxiZe d. 2012.
berTakaris salicenzio ubnis 1:2 000 geologiuri ruka da rukis ganmartebiTi baraTi.
18. vaSakiZe i., zuliaSvili T., salia j., SublaZe r. 2002. bolnisis raionis madneulis
madniani kvanZis (240kv.km) kompleqsuri geologiuri, madneul-geologiuri da
petrologiur-geoqimiuri Seswavla da interpretaciebi geologiuri da prognozuli
rukebis SedgeniT 1:10000 masStabSi. saqarTvelos geologiis departamenti a.
TvalWreliZis saxelobis sax. mineraluri nedleulis instituti.
19 guguSvili v. (2013). hidroTermuli metasomatozi da madanwarmoSoba beqTaqaris
sabadoze. kavkasiis samTo jgufi
87
danarTebi ñ
üüü. 4 sawarmos gen-gegma gafrqvevis wyaroebis CvenebiT
üüü. 5. sawarmos ganlagebis situaciuri ruka-sqema
gaTvlebis Sedegebi
88
nax. 4. sawarmos gen-gegma gafrqvevis wyaroebis CvenebiT
g-2
g-1
g-3
g-6
g-4
g-5
89
250 m
Sps “ture”
90
nax. 5 . sawarmos ganlagebis situaciuri ruka.
SezRuduli pasuxismgeblobis sazogadoeba “ture”-s kirqvis nedleulidan kiris miRebis qarxnis garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis angariSis winaswari ganxilvis dros Semosul SeniSvnebze pasuxebi
SeniSvnis avtori
SeniSvna pasuxi
saqarTvelos
garemosa da
bunebrivi
resursebis
dacvis
saministro
1. gv. 13 - ekologiur eqspertizaze warmodgenil gzS-s angariSSi
sakvlevi ubnis geologiuri garemo aRwerili unda iyos Semdegi
TanmimdevrobiT: geomorfologia, geologiuri agebuleba,
hidrogeologia, teqtonika, seismuroba da sainJinro-geologiuri
pirobebi. garda amisa gamoyenebuli literaturis CamonaTvalSi (gv.
88) miTiTebuli unda iyos geologiuri literatura.
2. gv. 67 - narCenebis marTvis konkretul gegmaSi, konkretulad unda
iyos miTiTebuli damleqi qvabulidan amoRebuli Slamis marTvis
sakiTxebi.
3. gv. 73 - gzS-s angariSSi mocemuli araorganuli mtveris gabnevis
angariSis Tanaxmad, uaxloes dasaxlebul punqtTan (250 m) misi
mniSvneloba tolia 0,9 zdk-is. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom
atmosferuli haeris mtvriT dabinZurebis fonuri maCvenebli
mosaxleobis ricxovnobis mixedviT miRebulia nulis tolad
(ugulvelyofilia sawarmos ganTavsebis zonaSi arsebuli sxva
damabinZurebeli wyaroebi) da ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli araorganuli
mtvris gabnevis angariSis gaTvlebSi, saWiroa Sesabamisi
Semarbilebeli RonisZiebebis SemuSaveba. amitom ekologiur
eqspertizaze warmodgenil gzS-s angariSSi ganxiluli unda iyos
mtvris gavrcelebis Semcirebis konkretuli RonisZiebebi. mag. gzS-s
angariSSi warmodgenili airmtverdamWeri mowyobilobis efeqturobis
(91,2%) gazrda;
1. aRniSnuli SeniSvna ganxiluli iqna da aRniSnuli
miTiTeba gasworebuli iqna gzS-s angariSSi.
2. aRniSnuli SeniSvna ganxiluli iqna da aRniSnuli
SeniSvna gasworebuli iqna gzS-s angariSSi,
kerZod aRniSnuli Slami warmoadgens
mtverdamWer sistemaSi – skruberSi daWerili
mtveri da misi gamoyenebis sesaZ ;ebloba
miTiTebula gzS-s angariSSi.
3. aRniSnuli SeniSvna ganxiluli iqna. gzS-s
angariSSi fonur koncentraciad gamoyenebuli
iqna 10 - 50 aTasi mosaxleobis grafis monacemebi
cxrili 10-dan, rac metia q. dedofliswyaros
mosaxleobis ricxovnobas, is naklebia aRniSnul
ricxovnebaze. aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom gaTvlebi
Catarebulia yvelaze maqsimaluri dabinZurebis
pirobebisaTvis da yvelaze araxelsayrel
meteorologiuri pirobebisaTvis (uqaro amindi -
StilisaTvis).
91
saqarTvelos
garemosa da
bunebrivi
resursebis
dacvis
saministro
4. gzS-s angariSSi kiris sawarmodan gavrcelebuli araorganuli
(kirqvisa da kiris) mtveris zRvrulad dasaSveb koncentraciad
aRebulia araorganuli mtveris (siliciumis orJangis SemcvelobiT
70-20%) zRvrulad dasaSvebi koncentraciis maCvenebeli. ekologiur
eqspertizaze warmodgenil gzS-s angariSSi dasabuTebuli unda iyos
ratom an/da ra niSnebiT moxda am ori gansxvavebuli Semadgenlobis
araorganuli mtvris erTmaneTTan gaigiveba
5 ekologiur eqspertizaze warmodgenil gzS-s angariSs Tan unda
erTvodes konkretuli garemosdacviTi monitoringis gegma, romelSic
gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos Tavi 9.3-Si (gv. 74) warmodgenili
rekomendaciebi
6. gzS-s angariSi moicavs uzustobebs. kerZod:
- gv. 13 - Tavi 2.2-Si mocemulia, rom sakvlevi teritoria
ganTavsebulia zRvis donidan 6271 m. simaRleze. aRniSnuli Canaweri
saWiroebs koreqtirebas.
- gv. 14 - gzS-s angariSSi mocemulia, rom teqtogenur reliefze
daSenebulia eroziuli xeobebi. sityva ,,daSenebulia’’-s nacvlad unda
iyos ,,ganviTarebulia’’.
- gv. 36 - cxr. 17-Si zRvrulad dasaSvebi koncentraciebis
ganzomileba unda iyos mg/m3 da ara mk/m3, xolo azotis dioqsidis
zRvrulad dasaSvebi maqsimaluri erTjeradi koncentracia unda iyos
0,2 mg/m3.
- gv. 38 - orive Rumelidan wliuri gafrqvevis gaangariSebis
formulaSi Casamatebelia mamravli ,,2’’.
- gv. 52 - gzS-s angariSSi mocemulia, rom ,,sawarmoSi xanZris
aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi gaTvaliswinebulia q. quTaisis saxanZro razmis
SesaZleblobebis gamoyeneba. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom gansaxilveli
sawarmo mdebareobs q.dedofliswyaroSi (kaxeTSi), aRniSnuli Canaweri
saWiroebs Sesworebas.
- gv. 64 da gv. 73 - im SemTxvevaSi, Tu mtverdamWeri kameris
efeqturoba 12%-ia, xolo skuberis 90% (gv. 38), airmtverdamWeri
mowyobilobis jamuri efeqturoba iqneba 91,2 % da ara 98,8 %..
4. aRniSnuli SeniSvna ganxiluli iqna da unda
aRiniSnos, rom, es rogorc kiris warmoebis
teqnologiaSia naCvenebi, masSi ZiriTad
komponents warmoadgens kalciumi da ara
siliciumi.
5. aRniSnuli SeniSvna ganxiluli iqna, kerZod Tavi
9.4-Si detaluradaa warmodgenili
garemosdacviTi monitoringis gegma.
6. aRniSnuli SeniSvna ganxiluli iqna da yvela
uzustovebi gasworebuli iqna gzS-s angariSSi.
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