GÈANT3 Carbon Footprint

2009

Jørgen Moth, UNI-C. (jorgen.moth@uni-c.dk)

TNC201031 May – 3 June, 2010 2

Carbon footprint?

the ‘carbon footprint’ measures the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused directly and indirectly by a person, organization, event or product

TNC201031 May – 3 June, 2010 3

DANTE, City House, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK

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GÉANT Network

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Question: GHG/Year due to GÉANT/DANTE?

•GÉANT Climate impact

•200 kg CO2e/year ?•200 tonnes CO2e/year ?•2000 tonnes CO2e/year?•20.000 tonnes CO2e/year?•200.000 tonnes CO2e/year ?•2 mio tonnes CO2e/year ?

•(Total Europe about 5000 mio tonnes CO2e/year)

TNC201031 May – 3 June, 2010 6

Answered by GN3/NA5/task5

•2000 tonnes CO2e in 2009

•Corresponding to 200 Danish Citizens

•0,00004 % of European total

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Who are GN3/NA3/task5?

•GN3: Multi-Gigabit European Research and Education

Network and Associated Services

•NA3: Networking Activity 3 – Status and trends

•Task 5: Study of Environmental impactPartners:

•HEAnet (Ireland - Mike Norris)•NIIF (Hungary - Tamas Maray)•PSNC (Poland - Rafal Sowinsky, Robert Pekal,

Artur Juszczyk)•NORDUnet (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway,

Sweden – Lars Fischer, Jørgen Moth)

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GN3 Budget (Mio EURO)

0,8

181

NA3/task5 GN3

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How to calculate and report?

Use the ISO 14064 standard

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Which GHG emissions?

•Scope 1: own emissions – standby generators, own cars, own heating, ..

•Scope 2: indirect emissions – imported energy, heating and electricity

•Scope 3: other indirect emissions – e.g. transportation

• Stemming from the operation of the GÉANT network by DANTE

TNC201031 May – 3 June, 2010 11

GÉANT/DANTE Baseline audit (GHG Report)

• Scope 1 emissions

• Nothing (no own cars; fuel to stand-by generators ignored)

• Scope 2 emissions

Office – light, heating & cooling, equipment

Datacentres – routers, switches, services

Backbone - ILAs

• Scope 3 emissions

• Transport – business, commuting

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Calculation of Scope 2 GHG emissions

A two step procedure is used:

1)Heating and electricity consumption data provided by DANTE (Kudos to Guy Roberts!)2)Consumption values multiplied by GHG conversion factors retrieved from UK and EU data bases

• http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/business/reporting/conversion-factors.htm• http://lct.jrc.ec.europa.eu/assessment/data

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Calculation of Scope 3 GHG emissions

Business travels and commuting by car, bus, taxi or train:The distances covered are multiplied by the corresponding GHG conversion factors from the UK DEFRA guidelineshttp://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/business/reporting/ onversion-factors.htm

Business flights:The emissions are obtained by the ICAO Carbon emission calculator: http://www2.icao.int/en/carbonoffset/Pages/default.aspx

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Office

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Office step 1: consumptions

Office gas/electricity consumption Electricity Gas total power

kWh quarter year *2 kWh/y kWh/y kWh/y

Office location

Network operations centre: 270 sq m 16046 64184 0 64184

DANTE office: 650 sq m + shared area *1 228074 267082 495156

Total 292258 267082 559340

Notes:

*1 consumption for the period 1 July 2008 - 30 June 2009

*2 for quarter Aug-Nov 2009

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Office step 2: conversion to emissions

Accounting item Units Supplementary information

CO2 factor

CH4 factor

N2O factor

Emission Subtotal

      (g CO2 (g CO2e (g CO2e (kg CO2e) (tons CO2e)

per kWh) per kWh) per kWh)

Office kWh/year Office space (m2)

         

City House   650          

126-130 Hills Rd, Cambridge

+ shared area

Heating 267082   183,58 0,28 0,11 49135  

Electricity 228074   665     151669  

               

NOC   270          

Electricity (incl. Heating) 64184   665     42682  

              243

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Datacentre

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Backbone (GÉANT)

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Datacentre & Backbone step 1: consumptions

Country Routers PoPs MCCs ILA 1626LM Datacentre Backbone

Watts Watts Watts Watts Watts kWh/year kWh/year

AT-Austria 3500 2700 1046 900 1284 92330 48101

BE-Belgium 1800 1046 600 516 26806 32197

BU-Bulgaria 3500 900 65525 0

CH-Switzerland 4300 1800 1046 1350 2715 90841 76113

CY-Cyprus 0 0

CZ-Czech Republic 3500 1800 1046 900 720 78928 39702

DE-Germany 4300 1800 1046 4500 2766 90841 123782

DK-Denmark 3500 1800 1046 900 720 78928 39702

Ex: (3500+1800)*24*365*1,7/1000 = 78928

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Datacentre & Backbone step 2: conversion to emissions

Data centre power consumption

kWh/year   (gCO2e/kWh)

(kg CO2e)

AT-Austria 92330   308     28438

BE-Belgium 26806   400     10722

BU-Bulgaria 65525   904     59235

CH-Switzerland 90841   86     7812

CY-Cyprus 0   0     0

CZ-Czech Republic 78928   802     63300

DE-Germany 90841   709     64406

DK-Denmark 78928   766     60459

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Datacentres

Data centre power consumption

kWh/year (gCO2e/kWh)

(kg CO2e)  tonnes CO2

AT-Austria 92330 308     28438  

BE-Belgium 26806 400     10722  

BU-Bulgaria 65525 904     59235  

CH-Switzerland 90841 86     7812  

CY-Cyprus 0 0     0  

CZ-Czech Republic 78928 802     63300  

DE-Germany 90841 709     64406  

DK-Denmark 78928 766     60459  

…            

            1094

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Backbone

Backbone kWh/year (gCO2e/kWh)

(kg CO2e)  tonnes CO2

AT-Austria 48101 308   

14815 

BE-Belgium 32197 400   

12879 

BU-Bulgaria 0 904   

0 

CH-Switzerland 76113 86

   

6546

 

CY-Cyprus 0 0   

0 

CZ-Czech Republic 39702 802   

31841 

DE-Germany 123782 709   

87761 

DK-Denmark 39702 766     30412  …      Leased wavelengths 101101 700     70771                                        582

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Transportation

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Transport

Transportation

km/year Of this commuting (km/year)

CO2 factor(gCO2e/km)

NH4 factor(gCO2e/km)

N2O factor(gCO2e/km)

(kg CO2e)  tonnes CO2

Taxi 4096 0 158,35 0,06 1,24 654  

Own car (lower medium)

153750 150000 193,71 0,27 1,83 30106  

National train

84000 84000 57,74 0,08 3,31 5135  

International Train (Eurostar)

67000 0 17,65 0,01 0,12 1191  

Flight (95204)

959332 0 98,26 0,01 0,97 87317  

              124

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GÉANT/DANTE GHG Report

GÉANT Climate Accounting

           

Grand Total (tonnes CO2e/year)         2043

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GN3/NA3/task5 partner audit results

GHG abatement by GÉANT and other networks

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GN3/NA3/task5 next study

Use of networks to reduce GHG emissions

Current best practice:

•teleworking•video conferencing•electronic documents, e-mails (don’t print them!)•…

Estimated to save about 50 mio tonnes CO2e per year;at the expense of about 50.000 tonnes CO2e per year for networks and desktops/portables/notebooks;

An abatement factor of one thousand

To be investigated and confirmed!!

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Other examples and new ideas

Please share your ideas and proposals with us!

Questions?