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1ra. Jornada técnica de
GENERACIÓN SOLAR TERMOELÉCTRICA
GESTE 2010
Estado actual y perspectivas de futuro
Leganés, 4 de noviembre de 2010.
Organización: Edgardo D. Castronuovo, Julio Usaola García e Ismael Sánchez Rodríguez-Morcillo. Universidad Carlos III de Madrid.
Mayores informaciones: Edgardo D. Castronuovo, [email protected]
Distributed Generation: A challenge for DSO’s
David Trebolle Trebolle“Head of real time and back office
1
4th November 2010
“Head of real time and back office systems in operation”
1. Introduction
2. Ancillary services with DG
Distributed Generation: A challenge for DSO’s
2. Ancillary services with DG
3. Conclusions
2
E.R. Solar 3%
E.R. Wind 13%
CCGT 29%
Hydro 9%
Nuclear 19%
Coal 12%
Fuel/Gas 1%
Energy balance 2009251 TWh
E.R. Rest 14%
E.R. Rest 11%
E.R. Solar 4%
E.R. Wind 19%
CCGT 24%
Hydro 18%
Nuclear 8%
Coal 12%
Fuel/Gas 4%
Installed Capacity 200993.215 MW
Source: REE
Parts of distribution networks
Types of Grid StructureOperation
TypeClients
(Nº)Installations
(Nº)Operation Flexibility
MonitoringLevel
Transmission(Security of supply)
(400, 220 kV)Mesh Mesh Very few Not many High High
Distribution
Subtransmission(132, 66, 45 kV)
Mesh / Radial
Mesh / Radial
Few Quite a lot Medium High
MV Mesh/ (Quality of Service)
MV(20, 15 kV)
Mesh/ Radial
Radial Several Many Low Medium
LV(400, 380 V)
Mesh / Radial
Radial Many Many Very Low None
38%
52%
10%
LV
MV
Subtransmission
Active networksN
ew te
chno
logi
es
QualityEfficient
Sustainable
New
reg
ulat
ory
fram
ewor
k
Microgrids
A new paradigm?
8
Demand side Management
Distributed generation
New
tech
nolo
gies
A new paradigm in the electrical business
New
reg
ulat
ory
fram
ewor
k
Storage, Electric vehicles
Smartgrids: a definition
“Electricity networks that can intelligently integrate the behavior and actionsof all users connected to it - generators, consumers and those that do both– in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electricitysupplies.
9Source: European Technology Platform SmartGrids
Smartgrids: a definition
“Electricity networks that can intelligently integrate the behavior and actionsof all users connected to it - generators, consumers and those that do both– in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electricitysupplies.
10Source: European Technology Platform SmartGrids
Gestión inteligente de la red
Telegestión
• AMI1 (despliegue
3
2
Gestión avanzada
de la demanda
• Participación activa de la demanda
4
• Integración de todos los DER
• Operación optimizada de las instalaciones
• Control avanzado de las sistemas de
Optimización y coordinación del SE global
5
Hoja de ruta Smartgrids
HOY deberíamos estar aquí
Tiempo
Optimización de la explotación
de la red
• Telecontrol y monitorización de red
• Telegestión del sistema de protección
• Herramientas de ayuda a la operación
• Gestión activa de la red
• Esquemas regulatorios
1. Advanced Metering Infrastructure
1
• AMI (despliegue masivo con comunicación bidireccional)
• Lectura remota y generalizada de la información de uso
• Integración en procesos de los DSO’s y TSO’s
• Integración de la generación distribuida
• Criterios técnicos de conexión
• Integración SSCC
• Operación en isla
• Cambios regulatorios
Integración de la GD
(desplazamientos de carga, reducción de consumo)
• Gestión activa de la demanda (integración en SSCC)
• Cambios regulatorios
• Automatización en consumo final (redes inteligentes en los hogares y aparatos eléctricos inteligentes
• Vehículo eléctrico
de las sistemas de red (fiabilidad, fraude, control de flujos)
• Almacenamiento eficiente de energía
• Cambios regulatorios (mejor asignación de costes según uso de las redes)
Frequency Response
Regulating and Standing Reserve
Voltage and Reactive Power control
Constraints management
TSO
Ancillary services with DER?
Grid codes
Security of Supply contributions
Quality of Supply Services
Voltage control
Constraints management
Constraints management
DSO Grid codes?
Grid Code 7.4 (TSO) RD661/2008 (DG)
Transmission voltage levels required
Power factors required at distribution connection points
Power factors required for DG depending on the moment (peak, valley…)
DG and voltage control: Regulatory framework
connection points
RD1955/2000 (DSO)
+7% rated voltage for customers
( ) ( )2DGdemand
2DGdemand
DGdemand
QQPP
PPPF
−+−
−=
TSO vs DSO vs DG
DSO is not able to control power factor in transmission frontiers due to DGThe purpose of DSO is voltage control
Not Controllable
Ratio S/P3.00
Relation S/P required to maintain voltage profile when active power is injected in the grid
The effect of parameter R/X in voltage profile
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
400 V 20 kVsubterráneo
20 kV aéreo 66 kV 132 kV 220 kV
Source: Seville UniversityRedes 2025 Project
Security of Supply DG contribution
DG can delay investments in some cases
Period of firmness is lowThe primary source is controllable and predictableLow capacity requiredMany embedded Distributed Generators
Distribution active managementFrom passive to active gridsFrom inflexibility to flexibility and controllabilitySmart grids
From DG connection to DG integration..From passive demand to active demand…From passive networks to active networks
From “Generation follows demand” to coordination between all DER
DG integrationTechnical connection criteriaActive participation in ancillary servicesLocation signals
Expected Benefits
Smart DSO and DG Incentive schemes.DSO should recover costsGrid codesAncillary services with DER
New technologies…
Regulatory framework
Less fossil fuel dependenceMore efficiency in use of assetsIncrease reliability and security of supply
Location signals
For DSO’s and TSO’sapplied to information controlsmart metering and monitoring