Gim st switch bng phn mm PRTG Gim st my ch khc vi gim st lu lng
ca switch hay router. Gim st lu lng l theo di tc , lu lng truyn nhn
trn cc cng ca thit b, cn gim st my ch ngoi lu lng cng mng cn c cc
thng s CPU, RAM, diskfree. PRTG l phn mm c th gim st cc thit b mng
phn cng v cc server. Cch ci t v hng dn s dng y c th tm thy trn
trang ch ca PRTG hoc trong rt nhiu ti liu khc trn internet. Trong
ti liu ny tc gi ch hng dn mt s bc ti thiu bn c th gim st c mt
server. Sau khi ci t PRTG Network Monitor, ta vo phn mm qua giao
din web, ng nhp bng account v password mc nh prtgadmin, chuyn qua
tab [Devices] v nhn link [+Add Device]. 5 Trang ch PRTG :
http://www.paessler.com/prtg C2950#show snmp Chassis: FOC0833X23A
Contact: Location: 0 SNMP packets input 0 Bad SNMP version errors 0
Unknown community name 0 Illegal operation for community name
supplied 0 Encoding errors 0 Number of requested variables 0 Number
of altered variables 0 Get-request PDUs 0 Get-next PDUs 0
Set-request PDUs 1 SNMP packets output 0 Too big errors (Maximum
packet size 1500) 0 No such name errors 0 Bad values errors 0
General errors 0 Response PDUs 1 Trap PDUs SNMP global trap:
enabled SNMP logging: enabled Logging to 192.168.1.100.162, 0/10, 1
sent, 0 dropped. SNMP agent enabled C2950#configure terminal
C2950(config)#snmp-server enable C2950(config)#snmp-server enable
traps C2950(config)#snmp-server community public ro
C2950(config)#snmp-server community private rw
C2950(config)#snmp-server host 192.168.1.100 version 1 public SNMP
ton tp Chng 2 : Qun l mng vi SNMPD I P T H A N H N G U Y N , 2 0 1
0 T r a n g | 14 Nhp tn ca my ch cn gim st vo [Device Name], nhp IP
ca my ch vo [Ip-Address/DNS Name], chn Automatic device
identification (standard, recommended) PRTG t ng d tm thit b SNMP
ang c to l g. Nhn nt Continue, PRTG s bt u tin trnh d tm. SNMP ton
tp Chng 2 : Qun l mng vi SNMPD I P T H A N H N G U Y N , 2 0 1 0 T
r a n g | 15Sau cc ti nguyn c th gim st c s hin ra mn hnh. hnh trn
ta thy PRTG pht hin c 28 object c th gim st. Click vo tn thit b m
ra mn hnh gim st, lit k danh sch cc port FastEthernet ca switch v
bng thng ang s dng. Nh bn bit, SNMP manager ch ly c nhng thng tin m
SNMP agent cung cp, do khng phi tt c mi th trn my ch u hin ra trn
PRTG gim st. Nhiu bn khi cha hiu c ch ca SNMP cho rng PRTG khng gim
st c mt ci g trn my ch l do nhc im ca PRTG v mong mun tm kim mt cng
c khc hay hn. Thc cht nu agent trn thit b khng h tr thng tin th mi
phn mm gim st u khng th ly thng tin . Kim tra hiu sut mng vi PRTG
bn min phCp nht lc 10h36' ngy04/04/2009Bn in
David DavisQun tr mng Trong bi ny chng ti s gii thiu cho cc bn
cch download, ci t, s dng b kim tra mng min ph PRTG kim tra v khc
phc cc vn trong vic kt ni mng ca Windows.Gii thiuMt vi nm trc y bn
c th s dng PRTG Traffic Grapher ca Paessler. PRTG Traffic Grapher l
mt tin ch Windows n gin dng kim tra lu lng mng theo th c thu thp
bng cch s dng SNMP, Netflow v cc phng php khc. Paessler cng cung cp
mt phin bn PRTG khc c tn gi Network Monitor. y l phin bn khng cho
php kim tra hiu sut v kt ni mng ni b cho my tnh ni b ca bn nhng kt
ni v kim tra mng cho ton b doanh nghip. PRTG Network Monitor c th
thc hin iu ny thng qua khong 10 kiu sensor khc nhau nh SNMP, WMI,
& Netflow. Nu bn mun thy c PRTG Network Monitor c th gip bn kim
tra my tnh Windows ni b v mng Windows nh th no, hy th s dng PRTG
Network Monitor, version 7.PRTG l g, bn c th download t u v cch ci
t nh th no?Paessler l mt cng ty ca c, sn phm chnh ca cng ty l PRTG.
Nh c cp, c hai phin bn ca PRTG lNetwork MonitorvTraffic Grapher. C
hai sn phm ny u c cc phin bn min ph v phin bn thng mi. Phin bn min
ph b gii hn trong 10 sensor (cc phin bn thng mi cho dng th cng tng
t). PRTG Network Monitor cho php bn thc hin cc hnh ng di y: Kim ta
bng thng, hiu sut s dng, uptime v kh nng sn c Vn bo co v cnh bo
Giao din webNetwork Monitor h tr vic kim tra cc mng ln n 30.000
sensor v c th bo co v tnh hnh cc kt ni c hi t SLA hay khng.Cc thit
b Windows c th c kim tra bng SNMP, ping v WMI. Trong khi vi cc thit
b non-Windows, bn c th kim tra chng bng vic sniffing (tm dch l kim
tra) cc gi d liu, NetFlow (cho cc thit b Cisco), SMTP (cho cc my ch
email), HTTP (cho cc my ch web) v mt s cng ngh kim tra khc.Bn hy
download 27MB phn mm PRTG Networking Monitor min ph v bt u ci t ca
mnh.
Hnh 1: Bt u ci t PRTGBn c th chn ci t Core Server hoc Remote
Probe theo nh ca mnh.
Hnh 2: Chn ci t - Server hoc Remote ProbeTrong th nghim trong
bi, chng ti chn s dng phin bn min ph.
Hnh 3: Ci t phin bn min ph (Free Edition)PRTG Network Monitor s
ci t mt my ch web v c s d liu. Nh nhng g c th thy trong hnh 4, bn s
cn phi chn username, password, a ch email qun tr ca mnh, giao din
my ch PRTG web server s chy trn v s cng. Cng cn phi t tn cho my ch
ca bn. Trong trng hp th nghim, chng ti chn giao din host ni b v s
dng cng 81.
Hnh 4: Cc thit lp Network Monitor cn thitSau , PRTG s c ci t.S
dng PRTG Network Monitorng nhp vo PRTG Network Monitor bng cch s
dng trnh duyt web , nhp vo a ch IP v s cng c th trong qu trnh ci
t.
Hnh 5: ng nhp PRTGTh u tin m bn cn thc hin l b sung thm cc thit
b mng vo PRTG. Cch n gin nht thc hin iu l s dng tnh nngAuto
Discovery.
Hnh 6: Chy AutoDiscoveryPRTG s tm ra cc thit b trn mng ca bn v
bt u thu thp cc thng k v chng. Ph thuc vo kiu thit b, bn c th hoc
khng th thc hin cc cng vic m rng cung cp cc chui SNMP mang tnh cng
ng, Windows username & password cho WMI hoc cc tiu chun c th
khc c c mt thng k chi tit hn.
Hnh 7Lu rng trong hnh 7 trn, 12 thit b mng khc nhau c pht hin mt
cch t ng v c a vo PRTG. Thm ch khng c cu hnh, cc thit b khc cng ang
c kim tra theo nhiu cch khc nhau, da vo cc kh nng ca chng. Cho v d,
mt s thit b ch c kim tra bng cch s dng phng phpping. Cc thit b khc
c kim tra bi phng phppingvhttp, nu chng c mt giao din web. Host ni
b trong th nghim ca chng ti c kim tra bng cch s dngpingvdiskspace,
memory, pagefile, processorvnetworking.Cui cng, HP printer th nghim
cng c kim tra bngping, http,thm chsi c s trang inpages printed.PRTG
Network Monitor c th gip bn gii quyt cc vn vi kt ni mng nh th no?y
l 5 cch PRTG Network Monitor c th gip bn gii quyt c cc vn trong kt
ni mng Windows:1. Kim tra CPU, b nh, trang nh v hiu sut mng ni b v
t xaNh mt Windows Network Administrator, bn s thch kim tra tt c cc
vn y, c ni b v t xa, v nu c mt vn no din ra trn mt thi th bn s phi
gnh chu hiu sut h thng ni b ngho nn hoc hiu sut ngho nn trn ton b c
s h tng Windows. Trong hnh 8 bn di, bn s thy hiu sut CPU cho my trm
Vista ni b qua hai ngy (cho c hai li CPU). T y, chng ta c th kt lun
trong trng hp ny, CPU th nghim khng gp phi hin tng nghn c chai khi
s dng ti a l 62%.
Hnh 8: Hiu sut CPU cho h thng ni b th nghim sau hai ngy.Bn c th
to cng kiu biu hin th % khng gian a, b nh, cn trng. Biu c th c hin
th theo thi gian thc, trong vng 2 ngy, mt thng hoc thm ch trong
khong thi gian 1 nm. Nh cp trong phn 4, chng ta c th cu hnh cc cnh
bo da trn nhng chng ch g mnh chn.R rng, y l mt v d v h thng ni b
trong th nghim, bn c th kim tra bt c h thng Windows no c th truy cp
n, cng nh h thng non-Windows ( ging nh cc router Cisco, VMware
servers,)2. Kim tra cc thng khc nh dung lng a trng, ccprocesses,
services, hay cc bn ghi s kinNh nhng g th hin trong hnh 9 bn di,
chng ta c th b sung thm cc kiu sensor khc. Trong th nghim, chng ti
to mt vng trn mu khoanh vng quan trng vi cc qun tr vin mng. Chng l
Windows Services, Processes, Files, Event Log Entries, v cc thnh
phn d liu Windows sng cn khc.Bn cng c th kim tra cc kiu c s h tng
ca mnh nh VMware ESX Servers, my ch web, my ch mail, cc thit b mng
, SQL servers, my ch file v thm ch c cc my in.
Hnh 9: B sung thm kiu sensor khc3. Xem tt c cc thit b mng trn
biu PRTG Network Monitor c th c s dng sp xp v phn loi cc thit b mng
ca bn theo mt cch quan st no (hoc nhm). Nh vy, trong biu , bn s thy
c cc bo cnh, ch s lu lng, ti ca CPU v thi gian p tr cho tt c cc
thit b.
Hnh 10: Tt c cc thit b trong mng trn biu 4. c bo cnh bng email
hoc SMSCu hnh cc cnh bo email v SMS vi nhiu kiu trigger khc nhau.
Trong hnh 11, bn c th thy trng thi, tc , phn vng, ngng v thay i
trigger thng bo.
Hnh 11: To cc Trigger thng bo5. Kim tra cc ng dng v cc my ch trn
cc mng nhSMTP, HTTP, VMware,Thm vo , PRTG Network Monitor khng ch l
mt cng c cho Windows m n cn l mt b kim tra mng c th phc v ton b cho
c s h tng ca bn, h tr tt c cc kiu thit b.Nh cp trc, PRTG Network
Monitor hin c cung cp di dng phin bn min ph v phin bn thng mi. V
cui cng, mt l do na cho vic s dng PRTG Network Monitor l n c th kim
tra kh nng tng thch ca iPhone (xem trong hnh 12).
Hnh 12: PRTG Network Monitor ang kim tra iPhoneKt lunTrong bi
ny, chng ti gii thiu cho cc bn cch download, ci t v s dng tin ch
min ph PRTG Network Monitor kim tra v khc phc s c cc vn kt ni mng
trong Windows. Bn cnh PRTG c th gip bn khng ch kim tra c my tnh ni
b v cn c cc my ch c s h tng v ton b mng ca bn.
Ci t cu hnh trn thit b gim st:Bn c th ci t chng trnh PRTG
Traffic Grapher thc hin theo di lu lng trn cng ca thit b qua SNMP.
PRTG Traffic Grapher l mt ng dng trn Windows theo di v phn loi cch
dng bng thng.Sau khi thc hin ci t PRTG Traffic Grapher, bn cn kch
hot ng dng PRTG Traffic Grapher.Hp thoi Welcome to PRTG Traffic
Grapher s xut hin.Trn hp thoi Welcome to PRTG Traffic Grapher, la
chn Use the Freeware Edition, sau nhn Next tip tc. S xut hin giao
din chnh ca PRTG Traffic Grapher.
PRTG Traffic GrapherChn Click here to create your first sensor
to cc sensor theo di.
To sensorSau , ChnNext tip tc
Add SensorPRTG Traffic Grapher c h tr cc loi: SNMP, Packet
Sniffing, NetFlow, Latency. Phin bn min ph ch h tr SNMP v Packet
Sniffing. SNMP c s dng theo di cc thng tin lu lng vo v ra ca cng
trn router. Packet Sniffing c s dng theo di cc lu lng ca card mng
ti my s dng. ChnSNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)ri
chnNext.
Chn SNMP monitor dataChnStandard Traffic Sensor.
Chn Standard Traffic SensorNhp cc thng s:- Device Name/Alias:
Nhp tn router do bn t quy nh. C th chn IP ca thit b cho d nh.- IP
Address/DNS Name: a ch IP ca router.- SNMP Version: Phin bn ca SNMP
trn router h tr. Trong v d ny router h tr SNMP V1/V2 nn c th chn
V2c.- SNMP port: gi tr ngm nh ca cng SNMP l 161.- SNMP Community
String: Ngm nh l public. Gi tr ny cn ging vi gi tr trong phn cu hnh
trn router.Nu s dng SNMP V3, cn phi xc nh SNMP User, Authentication
Mode v Password, c thm la chn l Data Encryption key.
Nhp thng s router gatewayChn sensor cn c theo di ri chnNext.
Chn sensor cn theo diXc nh khong thi gian m thit b gim st s thc
hin truy xut v xc nh Sensor c theo di, chnFinish.
Chn scanning intervalVic hin th c chia thnh cc loi biu h tr ngi
qun tr theo di thun tin: Live Graph 60 Minutes, Graph 24 Hours,
Graph 30 days, Graph 365 days vi cc mc thi gian v gi tr trung bnh
khi hin th khc nhau. Bn cng c th xem thng tin trn trnh duyt web nu
cn theo di thng tin t xa theo bng hoc theo th.
Theo di cng router gateway
Theo di cng router gateway Graph
Theo di cng router gateway Graph ttXem thng tin da theo bng d
liu
PRTG thng tin bng d liuXem thng tin da theo th.
XHTTOnline:SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) l giao thc
cho php kim tra cc thit b mng nh router, switch hay server ang vn
hnh. Mt h thng s dng SNMP bao gm 2 thnh phn chnh: Manager v Agent.
Agent l mt chng trnh chy trn thit b mng cn c qun l. Manager c chy t
1 my trong mng v c th truy vn n cc agent v x l thng tin nhn uc t
agent. Trn phn ln cc router ADSL u c sn tnh nng SNMP . Khi xc lp
tnh nng ny v vi mt chng trnh h tr SNMP trn Windows, ngi qun tr c th
ly c cc thng tin do SNMP cung cp. PRTG Traffic Grapher l mt ng dng
trn Windows theo di v phn loi cch dng bng thng. Vi cng c ny ngi qun
tr mng c th theo di bng thng ca router ADSL thng qua giao thc SNMP.
Trong khi cc chng trnh theo di bng thng da vo cc traffic thng qua
cng card mng ca 1 my tnh trn mng th PRTG Traffic Grapher s theo di
traffic trc tip ti cng PPP ca router ADSL nn theo di c ton b
traffic IN, OUT ca ton mng. PRTG Traffic Grapher phin bn hin ti l
6.2.1.950/951 v c bn min ph, bn thng mi. Phin bn PRTG Traffic
Grapher min ph (15MB) c download theo link
sau:http://www.paessler.com/download/prtgBi vit ny s hng dn vic cu
hnh SNMP trn router ADSL (loi Linksys) v s dng PRTG Traffic Grapher
theo di bng thng.1. Xc lp SNMP trn router ADSL cu hnh router cung
cp d liu SNMP, m trang web cu hnh router, tm tab Administration
-> Management. Trong Management, tm mc SNMP (hnh di):
Enable SNMP trn Router ADSL
Trong mc SNPM, la chn Enable. Lu xem router ca bn h tr SNMP
version no v gi tr Community. Trong v d ny, router h tr SNMP V1 v
V2, gi tr Get Community l publicLu : Mc SNMP trong tab
Administration -> Management v d trn l i vi 1 s router ca
Linksys. Vi cc router loi khc, c th vic cu hnh SNMP tng t nh trn.
Nu khng, bn cn phi xem ti liu hng dn s dng ca router .2. s dng PRTG
Traffic Grapher theo di bng thngSau khi download PRTG Traffic
Grapher, tin hnh ci t. Vic ci t thc hin kh d dng. chy chng trnh,
trn Windows nhp Start -> Programs -> PRTG Traffic Grapher
-> PRTG Traffic Grapher. Xut hin hp thoi Welcome to PRTG Traffic
Grapher.
Hp thoi Welcome to PRTG Traffic Grapher
Trn hp thoi Welcome to PRTG Traffic Grapher, la chn Use the
Freeware Edition, sau nhp Next tip tc. S xut hin giao din chnh ca
PRTG Traffic Grapher.
Giao din PRTG Traffic Grapher
Trn giao din ca PRTG Traffic Grapher, nhp vo la chn Click here
to create your first sensor to cc sensor theo di. Khi PRTG Traffic
Grapher s chy cc bc cu hnh thm mt sensor mi. Di y l cc bc cu hnh
chnh:
Add Sensor Wizard Data Acquisition Type
PRTG Traffic Grapher c h tr cc loi sensor: SNMP, Packet
Sniffing, NetFlow, Latency. Phin bn min ph ch h tr SNMP v Packet
Sniffing. SNMP sensor c s dng theo di cc traffic IN v OUT ca cng
trn router. Packet Sniffing c s dng theo di cc traffic ca card mng
ti my s dng. Trn hp thoi Data Acquisition Type, la chn SNMP.
Add Sensor Wizard SNMP Sensor Type Selection
Trn hp thoi SNMP Sensor Type Selection, la chn Standard Traffic
Sensor. Cc la chn khc ty thuc vo thit b h tr SNMP.
Add Sensor Wizard Device Selection
Trn hp thoi Device Selection, xc nh cc gi tr: - Device
Name/Alias: Nhp tn router do bn t quy nh. C th chn IP ca thit b cho
d nh. - IP Address/DNS Name: a ch IP ca router. - SNMP Version:
Phin bn ca SNMP trn router h tr. Trong v d ny router h tr SNMP
V1/V2 nn c th chn V2c. C th chn ln lt tng phin bn th. - SNMP port:
gi tr ngm nh ca cng SNMP l 161. - SNMP Community String: Ngm nh l
public. Gi tr ny c th kim tra phn cu hnh SNMP trn router. Nu s dng
SNMP V3, cn phi xc nh SNMP User, Authentication Mode v Password, c
thm la chn l Data Encryption key.
Add Sensor Wizard Sensor Selection
Trn hp thoi Sensor Selection s xut hin cc cng m router h tr. La
chn cng theo di ADSL l ppp0. Lu cc k hiu: ppp: Point-to-Point
Protocol; eth: Ethernet; br: Bridge; wlan: Wireless. Sau khi la chn
cng theo di, xut hin giao din ha theo di bng thng ca cng tng
ng.
Sensor Monitoring
Vic hin th c chia thnh cc loi biu h tr ngi qun tr theo di thun
tin: Live Graph 60 Minutes, Graph 24 Hours, Graph 30 days, Graph
365 days vi cc mc thi gian v gi tr trung bnh khi hin th khc nhau.
Lu ng mu xanh l Bandwith Traffic OUT, ng mu nu l Bandwith Traffic
IN. Trn y l mt tnh nng ca PRTG Traffic Grapher h tr ngi qun tr theo
di bng thng ca router ADSL. Cc tnh nng khc, ngi c c th tham kho tr
gip ca chng trnh.Centos5f4vn
