L Hu Dng 08T1
I HC NNG I HC BCH KHOA NNGKHOA CNG NGH THNG TIN
Gio vin hng dn: TS. H Phan Hiu Sinh vin thc hin: L Hu Dng Lp :
08T1 Nhm: 12A
L Hu Dng 08T1
CHNG I : CC LINH KIN
L Hu Dng 08T1
a.
CASE (v my) thng c hai kiu c my v b ngun c gi l AT v ATX. S khc
bit chnh gia hai loi ny l ni ngun. i vi AT, ngun c ni t tm mt ti b
ngun. Cch ni ngun ph thuc vo yo t hnh dng ca AT v ATX.
b. Ngun: l thit b cung cp ngun in cho my c. MainBoard :c chc nng
to thun tin truyn thng tin gia cc thnh phn ca my tnh, v vy chng ta
phi ci t Mainboard trc khi rp cc thnh phn khc ca my tnh. Cc loi
thit b nh RAM, Card mn hnh, Card m thanh, Card mng, Modem Internal
v.v . . . u c gn trn Mainboard x l d. CPU (Central Processing Unit
B x l trung tm ) c coi l mt trong nhng b phn quan trng nht trong h
thng my tnh. CPU x l nhng diu hot, chng hn nh cc tnh ton, lu tr
thng tin v truy tm. CPU l mt thit b ht sc tinh vi, cn phi rt thn
trng trnh h hng khi ci t. Thng i km theo CPU l qut (FAN) dng lm gim
nhit cho CPU khi hot ng mt cch lin tc. Hin nay c hai loi qut CPU l
Slot1 v Socket7, mi loi c cch ci t ring e. RAM (b nh): d liu c CPU
x l phn ln pht xut t cc RAM b nh ca my tnh. Dung lng ca RAM xc nh
kh nng hot ng ca my tnh. Hin nay c 3 loi l SIMM, DIMM, RDRAM (dng
cho P4) f. Card mn hnh: chu trch nhim chuyn i thng tin k thut s
(digital) thnh d liu tng t (analog)c Monitor nhn v hin th. Hin nay
c hai loi Bus h thng Card mn hnh l AGP v PCI.
L Hu Dng 08T1
g. Card m thanh: cho php d liu k thut d bng m thanh c chuyn i
thnh d liu analog c th c cc loa va mli nhn. Ngy nay card m thanh
thng ch yu dng Bus h thng PCI v ISA. h. Card mng: thit b lin kt my
tnh vi mng v iu phi lung thng tin gia my tnh vi mng v trao i thng
tin vi cc my tnh khc. Hai kiu bus h thng thng dng l PCI v ISA. i. O
a mm: a mm 1.44MB l phng tin thun li sao chp d liu gia cc my tnh,
trc khi h iu hnh trong my tnh, chng ta phi s dng a mm khi ng, chng
c th ghi v c thng tin ging nh mt my ghi bng j. O a cng: l thit b lu
tr quan trng nht ca ton b my tnh. Tt c d liu v cc chng trnh u c lu
tr trong a cng. tinh vi v tin cy ca chng cao hn rt nhiu so vi a mm.
k. CD ROM: dng c d liu nhng khng th ghi c, tuy nhin ngy nay Cd c th
ghi v c c d liu, chng hn nh CD Re-write. l. Chut: n l thit b ngoi
ca my tnh, l thit b tin li trong cng vic khi chng ta khng s dng bn
phm. C 3 loi l dng cng P/S2 u ln v u nh, dng cng COM. m. Bn phm : l
thit b ngoi, rt quan trong nhng cng vic ca chng ta. Hin c 2 loi l
dng cng COM v P/S2. n. Monitor: l thit b ngoi dng truy xut thng tin
ra ngoi mn hnh thng qua Card mn hnh o. Loa: cho chng ta nghe m
thanh pht xut t Card m thanh.
L Hu Dng 08T1
Ngoi ra cn c cc thit b nh : My in, My scan, Modem, My in v.v. .
. .
L Hu Dng 08T1
CHNG II :
CI T
Trc khi lp rp, chng ta nn kim ni kh ro v sch s, trnh m t v d gy
ra tnh in lm hng cc linh kin in t, ngoi ra bn phi trang b cho mnh
Tua-vit Trc ht bn ly MainBoard ra, a s cc loi Mainboard hin nay ch
c mt vi Jumber rt t khi bn phi chnh. Tuy nhin thng i km theo Main s
c ti liu i nn bn coi ti liu cho chnh xc t Mainboard nm bn mt phng,
sau bn ly thanh RAM lp vo khe cm dnh cho n, bt u t Socket c du Bank
0. Cn thn y thanh Ram vo khe cm cho chc, khi cc cht hai u khe cm bm
cht vo thanh Ram th khi bn cm ng cn khi hai cht hai u cha bm cht th
bn nn gn li. Nu bn c nhiu thanh RAM th cc thanh khc cng tng t. Sau
khi cm RAM xong, bn cn thn ly CPU ra. Trong Mainboard ch khe cm CPU
bn nng cn by bn cnh cm CPU v cn thn cm CPU vo lu khi cm CPU chn s 1
ca CPU phi trng vi chn s 1 ca cm. CPU ch cm c theo 1 cch duy nht.
Sau khi cm CPU xong bn gi cht CPU v ng cn by li (hnh A). Sau khi rp
CPU vo, bn ly qut ra, lp qut mt hay b tn nhit vo CPU, ta gn qut nm
trn CPU lm gim nhit CPU khi chng lm vic (mi qut c cch thc ring nn
bn ch v nn c hng dn. Sau khi gn qut xong ni dy ngun ca qut vi u ni
nm trn Mainboard (thng trong sch hng dn c ch) (Hnh B). Khi gn RAM,
CPU, qut lm mt CPU xong, by gi bn hy m lp CASE ra. Thng c nhiu loi
MainBoard ty theo ln hay nh m bn chn v tr gn c vt cho tng ng, cc c
vt nhm gi Mainboard c nh trong CASE (Hnh A). sau cn thn t Mainboard
vo ng v tr ca n, bn s thy chnh xc khi cc l vt bn va bt vo. Bn s dng
vt km theo CASE bt cht Mainboard vo CASE (lu ng nn bt cht qa, bn c
th lm hng MainBoard. Tip , ni u ni nh ca cng tc on/off t hp my cng
cc nt Reset, loa v cc n LED tn hiu ( n ngun, a cng) vo Mainboard.
Bn nn xem cn thn trong cun sch hng dn km theo Mainboard
L Hu Dng 08T1
Cui cng ni u ni ln t b ngun ca PC vo Mainboar. u ni ny ch c th
lp va theo mt chiu duy nht. By gi ti cng on kim tra Mainboard, CPU,
RAM. Cm Card mn hnh vo khe cm AGP trn Mainboard sau dng vt bt cht
li. Cm bn phm v chut vo. Dng cp ngun AC ni my tnh vi ngun in v bt
cng tc my. Nu bn nghe mt ting bip pht ra t PC v nhn thy thng tin
BIOS trn mn hnh th chng t cc thnh phn chnh ca my tnh lm vic tt.n
ngt dy ngun ra khi my v tip tc lm cc bc sau. Nhng nu my tnh khng bt
ln hoc khng nhn thy g trn mn hnh, th bn hy kim tra k li cc thnh
phn. Cn nu vn khng thy g na th bn hy xem chng nhng s c thng gp. Tip
tc bn dng vt lp a mmvo khoang ca CASE , bn s d dng nhn ra v tr ca
n, tng t a cng v a CD Rom cng nh vy. Sau bn kim tra cc Jumber trn a
cng v a CD ROM . ch tt c cp d liu, cp ngun trn a phi c gi gn nm bn
trong Case. Thng lp cng vo ch tng ng ca n, thng thng l nm khong gia
ca Case, nu c hai a bn lp th hai gn th nht d dng ni cp Sau khi gn y
cc linh kin trn, nu bn c nhu cu gn thm mt thit b no nh modem hay
card mng th bn phi nhn dt khot v u dc ln phn trn ca Card cho n khi
vo ng v tr khe cm. Sau dng vt km theo bt cht card vo Case y l lc kt
ni mi th li vi nhau bng cp. Khi thc hin bn khng phi lo v hin nay cc
dy cp c lm mt cch theo ng chn ca n ln bn khng phi lo cm ln chn. Ni
cp d liu t a mm n u ni dnh cho n nm trn mainboard. Cm mt u ca cp d
liu vo u cm knh EIDE primary rn bo mch ch v u th hai vo a cng. Ni
cp d liu vi u ni EIDE th hai trn Mainboard vi a CD- ROM (nu c CD
ROM). Ni dy dn m thanh (dy nh)t mt sau ca CD ROM vo u ni tng ngtrn
card m thanh hay vo Mainboard nu card nm trong mainBoard. Cm cc dy
cm ngun vo a mm, a cng, CD ROM, v bt c thit b lu tr no bn c
L Hu Dng 08T1
Ti y coi nh bn hon thnh xong phn lp rp mt my PC mi hon ton. By
gi ti phn chnh sa thng s trong CMOS.
L Hu Dng 08T1
CHNG III :-------- --------
XC LP BIOS
Mt my tnh sau khi rp xong phi c xc lp cc thng s BIOS ng. Nu xc
lp sai c th my khng th khi ng c hoc chy khng n nh. xc lp BIOS, ngay
sau khi bt my, mn hnh s xut hin dng ch: Press DEL to enter SETUP
Nhn phm DELETE (Mt s my c th l phm khc: F1, F2, ., F10, ESC), mn
hnh xut hin Menu chnh ca trnh Setup BIOS thng thng nh sau: ROM
PCI/ISA BIOS (2A59GL1C) CMOS SETUP UTILITY AWARD SOLFWARE, INC
STANDARD CMOS SETUPBIOS FEATURES SETUP CHIPSET FEATURES SETUP POWER
MANAGERMENT PNP/PCI CONFIGURATION LOAD BIOS DEFAULT LOAD SETUP
DEFAULT Esc: Quit F10: Save & Exit setup Time, Date, Hard Disk
Type Ch : Nu hin ra INTEGRATED PERIPHERALS SUPER VISOR PASSWORD
USER PASWORD IDE HDD AUTO DETECTION HDD LOW LEVEL FORMAT SAVE &
EXIT SETUP EXIT WITHOUT SAVING : Select Item : Change color
(Shift)F2
Enter Password:
Nhp Password vo. NGHA CC MC: STANDARD CMOS SETUP: Khai bo ngy,
gi, kiu i cng, kiu i mm. BIOS FEATURES SETUP: cc ty chn hot ng ca
my. CHISET FEATURES SETUP: khai bo cu hnh, b nh. PNP/PCI
CONFIGURATION: Cu hnh cho phn PCI. LOAD BIOS DEFAULT & LOAD
SETUP DEFAULT: Dng np cc thng s mc nh. INTEGRATED PERIPHERALS: Cu
hnh cc cng tch hp. SUPER VISOR PASSWORD: Khai bo Password ca ngi
qun l, ngi c Password ny mi c th khi ng my v setup BIOS. USER
PASSWORD: Khai bo Password ca ngi dng thng thng, ngi c Password ny
ch c th khi ng my. IDE HDD AUTO DETECTION: cho my t d tm a cng.
L Hu Dng 08T1 HDD LOW LEVEL FORMAT: nh dng cp thp a cng (Hc vin
khng c s dng chc nng ny v c th lm hng a).
HNG DN CHUNG CCH S DNG: vo mc no, a thanh sng n mc nhn Enter.
thot ra Menu chnh hoc thot khi trnh SETUP nhn ESC. Dng cc phm mi tn
di chuyn thanh sng.
CC BC TIN HNH SETUP:LOAD BIOS DEFAULT: Chuyn thanh sng n dng
LOAD BIOS DEFAULT nhn Enter Mn hnh xut hin ra Load BIOS Default
(Y/N) ?N Nhn Y, Enter. N IDE HDD AUTO DETECTION: Chuyn thanh sng n
dng IDE HDD AUTO ETECTION nhn Enter. Mn hnh hin ra
ROM PCI/ISA BIOS (2A59GL1C) CMOS SETUP UTILITY AWARD SOLFWARE,
INC. HARD DISK Primary Master Select primary Master OPTIO N 2 (Y) 1
3 SIZE CYLS HEAD PRECOMP LANDZ Option (N=Skip) :N SECTOR MODEM TYP
E SIZE CYL S HEAD PRECOMP LAND Z SECTO R MODE
1280 1281 1281
620 2482 1241
64 16 32
0 65535 65535
2481 2481 2481
63 63 63
LBA NORMA L LARGE
Ln lt nhn Y vi ln chp nhn cc thng s do my ngh. STANDARD CMOS
SETUP: Chuyn thanh sng n dng STANDARD CMOS SETUP nhn Enter. Mn hnh
hin ra:
L Hu Dng 08T1
ROM PCI/ISA BIOS (2A59GL1C) CMOS SETUP UTILITY AWARD SOLFWARE,
INCDate (mm:dd:yy) Time (hh:mm:ss) HARD DISK Primary Master TYPE :
Sat, Oct 1 2001 : 1:11:6 SIZ E CYL HEA S D PRECO MP LAND Z SECTO R
MODEM
: AUT O: AUT O : AUT O : AUT O
0
0
0
0
0
0
AU TO AUTO AUTO AUTO
Primary Slaver Secondary master Secon dary Slaver Driver A
Driver B
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
: 1.44M, 3.5 In : NONE
Video Halt On ESC : Quit F1 : Help
:EGA/VGA : No Errors : Select Item : Change Color
Base Memory 640K : Extended Memory 7168K : Other Memory 384K :
Total Memory : 8192K PU/PD/+/-: Modify
(Shilf)F2
L Hu Dng 08T1
Ta dng cc phm mi tn di chuyn, cc phm Page Up / Page Donw / + / -
thay i cc gi tr. Nhn ESC ch v menu chnh. Ch : (Khng c t khai bo cc
thng s i cng bng tay, ch c dng IDE HDD AUTO DETECTION hoc khai bo l
AUTO). BIOS FEATURES SETUP: Chuyn thanh sng n dng BIOS FEATURES
SETUP nhn Enter Hnh hin ra
ROM PCI/ISA BIOS (2A59GL1C) CMOS SETUP ULTILITY AWARD SOLFWARE,
INCVirus Warning Cpu Internal Cache External Cache Quick Power On
Self Test Boot Sequence Swap Floppy Driver Boot Up floppy Seek Boot
Up Number Status Gate A20 Option Setting Typematic Rate Setting
Typematic Rate (Chars/Sec) Typematic Rate (Msec) Security Option
PS/2 Mouse PCI VGA palette Snoop OS Select For Dram>64mb :
Disable : Enable : Enable : Enable : A, C : Disable : Enable : On :
Fast :Disable :6 : 250 : Setup : Disable : Disable :Non OS2 Video
BIOS shadow C8000-CBFFF Shadow CC000-CFFF Shadow D0000-D3FFF Shadow
D4000-D7FFF Shadow D8000-DBFFF Shadow DC000-DFFF Shadow ESC: Quit
F1 : Help F5 : Old Valued F6 : Load Bios Default F7 : Load Setup
Default : Enable : Disable : Disable : Disable :Disable : Disable :
Disable
: Select Item PU/PD/+/-: Modify (Shilf)F2 : Color
cc gi tr. Tin hnh khai bo cc mc nh trn. Nhn ESC tr v Menu chnh.
nghi: ? Virus Warning Ta dng cc phm mi tn di chuyn, cc phm Page
Up/Page Donw/+/- thay i : Hin bo ng khi c s ghi ln cung t khi ng ca
i. Khi tin hnh FDISK, FORMAT a phi DISABLE chc nng ny.
L Hu Dng 08T1 ? CPU Internal Cache : Cho hot ng cache L1 trong
CPU hay khng ? External Cache : Cho hot ng cache L2 trn main hay
khng ? Quick Power On Self Test : Cho my khi ng nhanh hay khng ?
Boot Sequence : Trnh t khi ng ca cc a ? Swap Floppy Driver : Hon i
trt t hai i mm A B v B A ? Boot UpbFloppy Seek : Kim tra kiu i mm l
80/40 track hay khng ? Boot Up Numlock : Bt chc nng phm NUMLOCK khi
boot my ? Security Option : Mc bo v ca Password System : My hi
password mi khi boot my Setup : My hi password mi khi nhn Del vo
SETUP CHIPSET FEATURES SETUP: Chuyn thanh sng n dng CHIPSET
FEATURES SETUP nhn Enter Mn hnh hin ra
ROM PCI/ISA BIOS (2A59L1C) CMOS SETUP UTILITY AWARD SOLFWARE,
INC Auto Configuration DRAM Timing : Enable : 60nsESC: Quit F1 :
Help F5 : Old Valued F6 : Load Bios Default F7 : Load Setup Default
:Select Item PU/PD/+/-: Modify (Shilf)F2 : Color
Ta dng cc phm mi tn di chuyn, cc phm Page UP/Page Donw/+/- thay
i cc gi tr. Tin hnh khai bo cc mc nh trn. Auto Configution: Cho php
my t ng cu hnh Ram, Cache. Dram timing: Thi gian truy xut ca Ram,
cng nh cng tt nhng phi ph hp vi Ram (Thng chn 60) Cc mc khc ly theo
Default. Nhn ESC tr v menu chnh. PNP/PCI CONFIGUTION: Chuyn thanh
sng n dng PNP/PCI CONFIGUTION nhn Enter. Mn hnh hin ra:
L Hu Dng 08T1
ROM PCI/ISA BIOS (2A59GL1C) CMOS SETUP UTILITY AWARD SOLFWARE,
INCIDE HDD Block Mode IDE Primary Master PIO IDE Primary Slaver PIO
IDE Secondary Master PIO IDE Secondary PIO On-chip Primary PCI IDE
On-chip Secondary PCI IDE Onboard FDD Controller Onboard Serial
port 1 Onboard Serial port 2 Onboard parallel port Onboard parallel
port modem : Enable : AUTO : AUTO : AUTO : AUTO : Enable : Enable :
Enable : COM1/3F8 : COM2/2F8 :378/IRQ7 :SPP
ESC F1 F5 F6 F7
: Quit : Select Item : Help PU/PD/+/-: Modify : Old Valued
(Shilf)F2 : Color : Load Bios Default : Load Setup Default
Ta dng cc phm mi tn di chuyn, cc phm Page Up/Page Donw/+/- thay
i cc gi tr. Tin hnh khai bo cc mc nh trn. Cc mc khc ly theo
Default. Nhn Esc tr v Menu chnh. ngha:
1. IDE HDD Block Mode 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
: Cho php cng vn chuyn d liu theo khi (Ch c cc i c dung lng ln).
IDE Primary Master PIO : Ch nh kiu vn chuyn d liu (PIO Speed mode)
mode 4 l nhanh nht. On-chip Primary PCI IDE : Cho hiu lc cng IDE 1
onboard. Onboard FDD Controller : Cho hiu lc cng FDD onboard.
Onboard Serial port 1 : Cho hiu lc cng ni tip 1 onboard v gn cho
COM1 Onboard Serial port 2 : Cho hiu lc cng ni tip 2 onboard v gn
cho COM2 Onboard parallel port : Cho hiu lc cng song song onboard
Onboard parallel mode : chn mode cho cng: SPP/EPP/ECP/ECP+EPP.
SUPER VISOR PASSWORD:
L Hu Dng 08T1 Chuyn thanh sng n dng SUPER VISOR PASSWORD nhn
Enter. Mn hnh hin ra Enter Password: - Nhp vo 1-8 k t, Enter.
-
- Hin ra Confirm Password: - Nhp li Password ln na (Phi trng vi
ln th nht), Enter 1. SAVE & EXIT SETUP: Chuyn thanh sng n dng
SAVE & EXIT SETUP, nhn Enter. Mn hnh hin ra:Save to CMOS and
EXIT (Y/N)? N
Nu mun lu li cc xc lp nhn Y, Enter. My s t ng Boot li.
L Hu Dng 08T1
-
CHNG IV : CNG-
FDISK A
Yu cu: c mt i mm Boot c v c lnh FDISK, FORMAT, SYS Chun b: Khi
ng my tnh Nhn Del vo CMOS Thc hin LOAD BIOS DEFAULT hoc SETUP
DEFAULT Vo BIOS FEATURES SETUP -Xc lp mc Boot Sequence: A ,C. -Xc
lp mc Virus Warning: Disable (Nu c) -Thc hin mc: IDE HDD AUTO
DETECTION tm a cng Nhn Y(yes) chp nhn cc thng s do my ngh. -Vo mc :
STANDARD CMOS SETUP. -Xem cc thng s a cng (khng c t khai bo cc thng
s a cng bng tay, ch c dng IDE HDD AUTO DETECTION hoc khai bo l AUTO
c phn Type v phn Mode). -Xc lp thng s a mm Driver A: 1.44M/ Driver
B: None -n mc SAVE EXIT SETUP Nhn Enter, nhn Y(yes) v thot ra. -
Boot my t a mm trn - A:/> FDISK
1. MENU CHNH CA TRNH FDISK: - Ngay sau khi khi ng FDISK, mn hnh
s hin ra Menu chnh: FDISK Option Current fixed disk driver:1 Choose
one of the following: 1. Create DOS Partition or Logical DOS Driver
2. Set active partition 3. Delete partition or Logical DOS Driver
4. Display Partition information Enter choice: { 1}
L Hu Dng 08T1
Press ESC to Exit FDISK. (Hnh 1) o ngha cc mc: o Create DOS
Partition or logical DOS Driver: to Dos Partition hoc cc a logic. o
Set active partition: Xc lp thuc tnh Active cho phn DOS Partition.
o Delete partition or Logical DOS Driver: Xa Partition hoc cc a
logic o Display Partition information: Cho hin th tnh trng ca a. -
Nu mun thot FDISK nhn ESC. - Nu mun tip tc, u tin ta vo mc 4 ( xem
tnh trng ca a) bng cch g s 4, Enter. 2. XEM TNH TRNG PHN CHIA CA A:
- T menu chnh g 4, Enter, mn hnh hin ra c th nh mt trong hai trng
hp sau: a. a c chia: Mn hnh c th nh sau (hnh 2). Nu c cc thng s nh
trn c ngha l a c chia. chia ta phi xa tt c mi chia li c. - Nhn ESC
v Menu chnh v vo mc 3 trn Menu chnh (Bc c)
Display Partition Information Current fixed disk driver:1
Partition C:1 2 3 Status A Type PPRI DOS EXIT DOS Non-Dos Volume
Label VAN Mbytes 5000 2000 3000 System FAT16 Usage 50% 20% 30%
L Hu Dng 08T1
Total disk space is 10000 bytes (1 Mbyte= 1048576 bytes) The
Extended DOS Partition contains logical Dos Driver. Do you want to
display the Logical driver information (Y/N)? {Y} Press ESC to exit
FDISK (Hnh 2) b. a cha c chia: nu mn hnh hin th nh sau (Hnh 3):
khng c cc thng s, th a cha c chia. Nhn ESC tr v menu chnh. V chia a
ta vo mc 1 ca Menu chnh. (bc d). Display Partition Information
Current fixed disk driver: 1 No Partition defined Press ESC to Exit
FDISK (Hnh 3)
XA CC PARTITION: Ti menu chnh nhn 3, Enter, mn hnh hin ra:
Delete Dos Partition Or Logical Dos DriverCurrent Fixed Disk
Driver: 1 Choose One Of The Following : Delete Primary Dos
Partition. Delete Extended Dos Partition. Delete Logical Dos Drive
(S) In The Extended Dos Partition. Delete Non Dos Partition. Enter
choice : [ ] Press ESC to return to FDISK Option.
(Hnh 4)
L Hu Dng 08T1 xa, lun theo nguyn tc xa t 4 1. C1. XA NON DOS
PARTITION. T hnh 4, nhn 4 bt u xa Non Dos Partition. Hin ra
Delete non DOS PartitionCurrent fixed disk drive : 1 Partition
Status Type Volume label C Mbytes System FAT32 Usage 50% 30%
20%
PRI DOS 5000 EXT DOS 3000 Non Dos 2000 Total disk space is 10000
Mbytes ( 1 mbyte = 1048576 bytes) WARNING ! data in the delete
Non-DOS partition will be lost. What Non-DOS partition do you want
delete ? [1].
C:1 2 3
A
Press ESC to return to FDISK Option Hnh 5Ch :Nu lc nhn 4 m hin
ra thng bo: No Non DOS Partition to Delete ngha l phn Non Dos
Partition khng tn ti nn khng xa c nhn ESC tr v menu chnh ( Hnh 1)
vo bc C2 ( Xa Cc Logical Disk). - xa Non-Dos Partition ta nhn 3,
enter. - Xut hin thng bo : Do You Wish To Continue (Y/N)? [N] - Nhn
Y, enter - Xut hin Non-Dos Partition Deleted (Hnh 6) : xa xong
Non-DOS Partition
Delete Non-Dos PartitionCurrent fixed disk drive : 1 Partition
Status Type Volume label C Mbytes System FAT32 Usage 50% 30%
C:1 A PRI DOS 5000 2 EXT DOS 3000 Total disk space is 10000
Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 bytes) Non-DOS Partition deleted
Press ESC to return to FDISK Option Hnh 6- Nhn ESC tr v menu
chnh (Hnh 1) C2. XA CC LOGICAL DISK: Ti menu chnh (Hnh 1): Nhn 3 vo
mc Delete Partition or Logical Dos Drive (Hnh 4). G vo 3, Enter,
hin ra
Drv
Delete Logical DOS Drive (S) In The Extended DOS Partition
Volume Mbytes System
Usage
L Hu Dng 08T1
D: E:
D E
2000 3000
FAT32 FAT32
20% 30%
Total Extended Dos partition size is 10000 Mbytes (1Mbyte =
1048576 bytes) Warning ! Data in the delete Logical Dos drive will
be lost. What drive do you want delete . . . . . . . . . . ? [
]
Press ESC to return to FDISK Option Hnh 7Nu hin thng bo no
logical dos drive (s) to delete : phn logical khng tn ti nhn ESC v
menu chnh (Hnh 1) vo bc C3 (xa Extended partition). Nhn E, enter
Hin ra dng Enter volume label . . . . . ? [ ] Nhp vo volume label,
y nhp vo l D, Enter (Nu a khng c Volume label th Enter qua. Hin ra
Are you sure (Y/N). . . . . . ? [N] G vo Y, enter Hin ra.
Drive D: E:
Delete Logical DOS Drive (s) in the Extended DOS Partition
Volume Label Mbytes System D 3000 FAT32 drive deleted
Usage 30%
Total Extended Dos Partition Size is 10000 Mbytes (1Mbyte =
1048576 bytes) Warning ! data in the delete Logical Dos drive will
be lost. What drive do you want delete . . . . . . . . . ? [ }
Press ESC to return to FDISK Option
Hnh 8Mn hnh cho bit E b xa Tip tc nhn D v lm nh trn xa D. Hin
ra.
Drive D: E:
Delete logical dos drive (s) in the extended dos partition
Volume label Mbytes System Drive deleted Drive deleted Hnh 9
Usage
All logical drives deleted in the extended dos Partition
Press ESC to continue
Thng bo cho bit tt c cc logical b xa nhn ESC Hin ra
L Hu Dng 08T1 Delete logical DOS drive (s) in the Extended DOS
Partition No logical drives defined Drive letters have been changed
or deleted Press ESC to continue
Hnh 10Nhn ESC, tr v menu chnh (Hnh 1) C3. XA EXTENDED PARTITION
Ti Menu Chnh (Hnh 1) : Nhn 3 vo mc Delete partition or Logical DOS
drive (Hnh 4) Ta xa xong phn 3, gi xa ln ti 2 G 2, Enter. Hin ra.
Delete extended DOS Partition Current fixed disk drive : 1
type Volume Label mbytes Sytem PRI DOS EXIT DOS Total disk space
is 10000 mbytes (1 Mbyte= 1048576 bytes) WARNING! Data is the
Delete Extanded DOS partition will be lost. Do you wish to continue
(Y/N) . . . . . . .? {N} Press ESC to return to FDISK Option. ( Hnh
11)Nhn Y, Enter. Hin ra Extended Dos Partition Delete: phn Extended
dos partition b xa
Partition C:1 2
Status A
Usage
Delete Extended DOS PartitionCurrent Fixed Disk Drive : 1
Partition C:1 2
Status A
Type PRI DOS EXIT DOS
Volume Label
Mbytes
Sytem
Usage
L Hu Dng 08T1
Total Disk Space is 10000 Mbytes (1 Mbyte= 1048576 Bytes)
WARNING! Data is the Delete Extanded DOS partition will be lost.
Extended Dos Partition delete Press ESC to return to FDISK Option.
Hnh 12Nhn ESC, tr v menu chnh (hnh1) Nu hin thng bo No Extended DOS
Partition to delete: phn Extended khng tn ti nhn ESC v menu chnh (
hnh 1)Vo bc C4 (xa PRIMARY DOS PARTITION) C4. XA PRIMARY DOS
PARTITION: Ti menu chnh (hnh 1): nhn 3 vo mc Delete partition or
logical DOS Driver . Ta xa xong phn 2, gi xa ti 1 G 1, Enter. Hn
ra
Delete Extended DOS PartitionCurrent Fixed Disk Drive : 1
type Volume Label mbytes Sytem PRI DOS VAN EXIT DOS Total Disk
Space is 10000 Mbytes (1 Mbyte= 1048576 Bytes) WARNING! Data is the
Delete Extanded DOS partition will be lost. What Primary Partiton
do you want delete. . . . . . ? {1} Press ESC to return to FDISK
Option.Enter s hin thng bo: Enter Volume Label. . . . . . ? { }.
Nhp vo Volume Label ( dy l VAN) Enter. Nu a khng c Volume Label ta
Enter i qua. Hin thng bo Are you sure (Y/N). . . . . ? {N} Nhn Y,
enter. Hin thng bo Primary DOS Partition Deleted: Primary Dos xa
xong Nhn ESC tr v menu chnh. D. TO CC PARTITION Ch sau khi xa tt c
cc Partition th ta mi c th to cc Partition mi. to t menu chnh
(Hnh1) ta nhn 1: Create DOS Partition or Logical DOS drive. Hin
ra.
Partition C:1 2
Status A
Usage
Create DOS Partition Or Logical DOS DriveCurrent Fixed Disk
Drive: 1 Choose One Of The Following: Create Primary DOS Partition.
Create Extended DOS Partition.
L Hu Dng 08T1 Create Logical DOS Drive (s) in the Extended DOS
Partition Enter choice: [1] Press ESC to return to FDISK Option
Hnh 14 to ta i t 1 3. T hnh 14 nhn 1, Enter hin ra
CREATE PRIMARY DOS PARTITIONCurrent Fixed Disk Drive: 1 Do you
wish to use the maximum avaiable size for a Primary Dos Partition
and make the Partition active (Y/N). . . . . . . . . . ? [Y Hoc N]
Press ESC to return To FDISK Option
Hnh 15 y nu ta Y (yes) ton b dung lng cng s to thnh mt a C v ch
mt, khng th chia thm cc khc. c th chia nhiu , ta nhn N(no) Enter mn
hnh hin ra.
Create Primary DOS PartitionCurrent fixed disk drive: 1 Total
disk space is 10000 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 bytes) Maximum space
avaiable for partition is 10000 Mbytes (100%). Enter Partition size
in Mbytes or percent of disk space (%) to create a Primary DOS
Partition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:
[10000] No Partition defined Press ESC to return to FDISK
Option
Hnh 16Nhp vo trn dung lng cho phn Primary (s l C : ) vd : 5000,
Enter Hin ra thng bo : Primary DOS Partition Create : Primary DOS
Partition c to.
Create Primary DOS PartitionCurrent fixed disk driver: 1
Partition Status Type C: 1 PRI DOS Primary DOS Partition create
Press ESC to continue Volume Label Mbytes 5000 System Unknown Usage
50%
Hnh 17
L Hu Dng 08T1 Nhn ESC v Menu chnh (Hnh 1) nhng lc ny c thm mt
cnh bo cho bit a C (Primary Dos Partition) cha c Set Active. Hy
khoan ch n cnh bo .
FDISK OPTIONSCurrent fixed disk drive : 1 Choose one of the
Following: Create DOS Partition or Logical DOS Drive Set active
Partition Delete Partition or logical DOS Drive Display Partition
information Enter chice: [ 1 ] Warning ! No Partition Are Set
Active Disk 1 is Not Startable Unless a Partition is Set Active
Press ESC to exit FDISK
Hnh 1T Menu chnh (Hnh 1) tip tc nhn 1 Enter vo (Hnh 14) Lc ny ti
y ta i bc 1 (Create Primary DOS Partition) by gi ta vo bc 2 (Create
Extended DOS Partition): Nhn 2 Enter Hin ra.
Create Extended DOS PartitionCurrent fixed disk drive: 1
Partition Status Type Volume Label Mbytes System Unknown Usage
50%
C: 1 Pri DOS 5000 Total disk space is 10000 Mbytes (1 Mbyte=
1048576 bytes) Maximum space available for Partition is 5000 (50%)
Enter Partition size in Mbytes or percent of disk space (%) to
Create an Extended DOS partition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
: [5000] Press ESC to return to FDISK Option
Hnh 18Ti y ta Enter ly ht dung lng a. Mn hnh s hin ra thng bo:
Extended DOS Partition Create : Extended Dos Partition c to
Create Extended DOS PartitionCurrent fixed disk drive: 1
Partition C :1 Status Type Pri dos Volume label Mbytes 5000 System
Unknown Usage 50%
L Hu Dng 08T1 2 Ext dos Extended DOS partition create Press ESC
to continue 5000 Unknown 50%
Hnh 19 Nhn ESC (lu : ch nhn 1 ln v nhn nh trnh tnh trng my hiu
ta nhn 2 ln ) mn hnh hin ra.Create logical DOS drive (s) in the
Extended DOS Partition
No logical drives definedTotal extended DOS partition size is
10000 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 bytes) Maximum space available for
logical drive is 10000 Mbytes (100%) Enter logical drive size in
Mbytes or percent of disk space (%) . . . . :[10000] Press ESC to
return to FDISK Options
Hnh 20Ti y ta Enter s ra D, mn hnh nh sau
Create logical dos drive (s) in the Extended DOS PartitionDrive
Volume label Mbytes D: 10000 All available space in the extended
DOS Partition Is assigned to logical drives Press ESC to continue
System Unknown Usage 100%
Hnh 21Nhn ESC tr v menu chnh (Hnh 1) n y l kt thc vic to cc
Partition E. SET ACTIVE CHO A Lc ny ta vn cn thy li cnh bo Warning!
No Partition Are Set Active Disk 1 is not startable unless a
partition is set active trn mn hnh v sau khi to xong cc Partition
ta phi tin hnh Set active cho Primary Partition. Ti menu chnh (Hnh
1) nhn Enter mn hnh hin ra.
Set Active PartitionCurrent disk drive: 1 Partition Status C: 1
2 Type Pri dos Ext dos Volume label Mbytes 5000 5000 System Unknown
Unknown Usage 50% 50%
L Hu Dng 08T1
Total disk space is 10000 Mbytes (1Mbyte = 1048576 bytes) Enter
the number of partition you want to make active . . . . . . . . . .
. : [ ] Press ESC to return to FDISK Options
Hnh 22G 1 enter, ta thy hin ra ch A di ct Status ca C:
Set Active PartitionCurrent fixed disk drive: 1 Partition Status
C: 1 2 A Type Pri dos Ext Volume label Mbytes 5000 5000 System
Unknown Unknown Usage 50% 50%
Total disk space is 10000 Mbytes (1 Mbytes = 1048576 bytes)
Partition 1 made active Press ESC to continue
Hnh 23Nhn ESC tr v menu chnh (Hnh 1) nhng lc ny ta khng cn thy
li cnh bo na. n y l kt thc qu trnh Fdisk. Trc khi thot ra cn kim
tra li bng cch vo mc 4 ti menu chnh (Hnh 1). Khi nhn 4 Enter mn hnh
hin ra.
Set active PartitionCurrent fixed disk drive: 1 Partition Status
C: 1 2 A Type Pri dos Ext Volume label Mbytes 5000 5000 System
Unknown Unknown Usage 50% 50%
Total disk space is 10000 Mbytes (1 Mbytes = 1048576 bytes) The
extended dos partition contains logical dos drive. Do you want to
display the logical drive information (Y/N) . . . . . . ? [Y] Press
ESC to return to FDISK Options
Hnh 24Ta thy primary (50%) + Extended (50%) = 100% dng ht dung
lng a. C ch A cnh C: 1 a set Active. Thng bo phn Extended dos
Partition c cha logical, nhn Y v enter hin ra.
Display logical DOS drive InformationDrive D: Volume Label
Mbytes 10000 System Unknown Usage 100%
L Hu Dng 08T1 Total extended DOS partition size is 10000 Mbytes
( 1 Mbyte = 1048576 bytes) Press ESC to continue
Hnh 25Nh vy l mi vic hon chnh nhn ESC ra menu chnh nhn ESC thot
FDISK mn hnh hin thng bo
System Will Now Retart Insert DOS system diskette in drive A:
Press any key when ready . . . . . . .
Hnh 26a a Boot vo nhn mt phm bt k Boot my.
L Hu Dng 08T1
CHNG V : CNG
FORMAT A
Yu cu : C mt a mm boot c v c lnh FDISK, FORMAT, SYS Boot my t a
mm ny A:>\Format C:\S Hin ra thng bo WARNING : ALL DATA ON NON
REMOVABLE DISK DIVE C: WILL BO LOST! Proceed with Format (Y/N) ?
Nhn Y, Enter my bt u Format a C: Formatting 500.03M 15 percent
completed Kt thc my s yu cu t Volume label cho a Volume label (11
characters, ENTER for none)? Nhp vo trong vng 11 k t , Enter nu
khng mun t volume label cho a Tip tc format a D: A:>\ Format D:
Tng t nh trn
Sau khi Format xong tt c cc a, rt a A ra v boot my t a cng. Nu
my boot c v hin ra yu cu nhp Date, Time l thnh cng.Strarting MS-DOS
Current date is sat 20-11-20001 Enter new date (mm-dd-yy): enter
Current time is 3:34:17.16p Enter new time : enter
Ci t Windows 98 : Bn cn phi c CD phin bn Windows 98 hin hnh ci
t. Boot my bng da mm hoc a cng chy a CD- ROM a CD setup vo thit b
CD ROM du nhc A:> xut hin, nhp vo ca CD V d: A:\>E, sau nhn
Enter, cc tp tin trong Cd s xut hin, nh v tp tin Setup.exe hoc
Install.exe, by gi bn n Enter khi ng tin trnh ci t Windows 98, ban
u bn s thy trang Microsoft Scandisk trn mn hnh v Scandisk chu trch
nhim kim tra cng. Sau khi kim tra chnh xc cc phn cng, n phm mi tn
sang phi trn bn phm vo ty chn Exit v n enter thot khi chng trnh
Scandisk. Sau khi CD setup bt u chp cc tp tin cn thit ci t. Tip
theo ta s thy mn hnh Welcome to Windows 98 nhn Continue la chn Next
chn C\Windows nhn Next sau mn hnh s xut hin bn la chn, thng thng my
tnh c
L Hu Dng 08T1
nhn chng ta thng chn ci t Typical, chn Custom nu bn mun la thnh
phn ca mnh theo yu cu c bit. Chn Compact tit kim khng gian a Sau
chng ta chn Next y Wizard s hin ra hai la chn v ta chn Show me the
list of components, la next trn mn hnh, s xut hin danh sch cc thnh
phn ca Windows. Sau khi chn xong nhn OK Nhp thng tin nh danh trn
Internet nhp Next nhp Next yu cu c to da khi ng khng Next nu c th
chn OK, cn khng th chn Cancel OK. Nhn Next bt u sao chp chng trnh
Windows. gc bn tri chng ta c th thy s tp tin c chp da vo s phn trm.
Sau khi chp xong chng trnh s khi ng li my tnh. Sau khi khi ng s xut
yu cu nhp thng tin c nhn hin hp thoi License Agreement xut hin tip,
la I accept the Agreement xc nhn trn mn hnh nhn Next ti trang
Product key nhp vo s CD Key Next Finish. Sau c th s hon tt ci t phn
cng. Chng ta ch cn ch my tnh khi ng.
L Hu Dng 08T1
CHNG VI : GII QUYT CC VN Trong chng ny chng ta s cng cp n cc vn
c th pht sinh khi my tnh khi ng v tin trnh kim tra. Cc vn lin quan
n h iu hnh Windows
6.1 CPUTrng hp 1 : khng c g xut hin trn mn hnh v khng c cc tip
bp sau khi my tnh c bt ln, nhng c n ch bo ca my tnh v monitor. Kh
nng 1 : ci t ca CPU c th khng chnh xc nh cc chn ca CPU c th cha c n
khp hon ton hoc khi ci CPU hng ca n cha ng. Kh nng 2 : xc lp CPU c
th khng chnh xc. Xc nh tc ng h CPU c iu chnh chnh xc. Nu tc ng h c
iu chnh cao hn ( v d nh CPU 233MHz vi tc ng h ca bo h thng 400MHz)
th xc lp y khng tng thch vi CPU. Trng hp 2 : sau khi s dng my tnh
mt lc h thng thng b ngt i Kh nng 1 : CPU qu nng C th CPU khng c gii
nhit tt. Khi nhit ca CPU bt u tch t, CPU t ngt v do gy ra h thng b
ngt. Tm xem CPU c b qa nng khng, ch cn s tay vo n. Bn c th t phn on
CPU c qu nng hay khng. Kim tra xem b gii nhit c ci t thch hp cha v
ngun cp cho n c ng khng. Ngoi ra, kim tra xem b gii nhit c tip xc
hon ton vi CPU khng. Nu khng c vn va ni trn c th b gii nhit khng p
ng. Bn cn phi thay i b gii nhit tt hn. Kh nng 2 : do xung t cc thit
b phn cng Vn ny t khi xy ra do CPU. Thng CPU khng nh hng n vn ny.
Trc ht kim tra xem phn cng lin quan n h thng.
6.2 Module b nh :Trng hp 1 : sau khi bt my, c mt ting bp di nhng
h thng khng hot ng. Kh nng 1 : cc module b nh khng c ci t chnh xc
Trong trng hp cc module b nh 72 chn, thng do ci t cc module b nh
cha n khp hon ton gy ra vn ny. i khi cc module b nh c
L Hu Dng 08T1
b sung khng tng thch vi nhau. i vi cc module 168 chn. Kim tra
xem cc chip hai bn c kha cht cc module b nh vo khe cm cha. Kh nng
2: v tr ca cc module b nh C module b nh 72 chn v 168 chn phi i theo
th t ci t Bank 1 v bank 2 trn h thng. Nu bank 2 c ci v bank 1 c b
trng th bo h thng s khng th nh v cc module b nh trong h thng y. Kh
nng 3 : module b nh 72 chn c vn : Trong trng hp cc module b nh 72
chn, a s cc bo h thng i hi cc module b nh c ci t chn ngoi ra, cc
module b nh phi c kch thc b nh ging nhau v chy cng tc
6.3 Cc thit b lu tr:Monitor cho bit (cc ) a mm b sai st sau khi
my tnh c bt ln. Kh nng 1: cp dp ca a mm cha ni hoc ci cha khp hon
ton. Nu cp dp cha c ni hoc n c ni khng chnh xc, th h thng s khng th
nhn bit c a mm. Kh nng 2: xc lp tiu chun trong bios khng tng thch.
Xc lp a mm trong bios c vn . Xem chi tit v xc lp BIOS. Kh nng 3 : a
mm c ni vo v tr khng ng. O a mm c ni sai v tr. Trng hp thng xy ra i
vi a mm A c ni vo u ni cho a mm B (v tr gia). S dng u ni cui cng ca
cp dp ni vo a mm. Trng hp 2 : n ch bo ca a mm sng lin tc sau khi my
tnh c bt ln. Kh nng : cp dp a mm b ni sai hng. Trng hp ny khng my l
v cc tiu chun hng ci cp dp a mm khc nhau. Ch cn ni li cp dp theo ng
hng. Trng hp 3: thng bo li Hard Disk(s) Fail hin th trn monitor sau
khi my tnh khi ng. Kh nng 1: Cable IDE ca a cng hoc bo h thng cha c
ni hoc c ni cha khp hon ton. C th Cable IDE ca a cng hoc bo h thng
cha c ni hoc c ni cha khp hon ton lm cho h thng khng th nhn dng c a
y. Ci sai hng cp c th gy ra vn khc, lun lun nh ng vin mu (pin1) phi
c ni gn jack ngun. Kh nng 2: cc xc lp trong BIOS khng tng thch, ta
nn kim tra li trong BIOS Setup v iu chnh li
L Hu Dng 08T1
Kh nng 3: xc lp Master/Slave ca a cng khng chnh xc. O a cng phi
p dng cu nhy mch xc lp trng thi Master/Slave. Nu c hai a cng trn
cng cp dp u c xc lp l Slave hoc u l Master, th khng bo li s xut hin
trn mn hnh. Trng hp 4: a cng to ra cc ting lach cch Kh nng : mt trc
quay khng hot ng. Nu vy a cng c th c hot ng lp li, do to ra ting
lch cch. a my tnh ti dch v sa cha trnh lm h rnh a. Trng hp 5: khng
th truy xut cc tp tin no . Kh nng 1: h cc tp tin. Do truy xut khng
ng hoc a cng b h, h tp tin c th a n kt qu rt xu. Trong trng hp ny,
s dng cng c qut a ca Windows kim tra xem c tp tin no b h khng. Kh
nng 2: H rnh a cng. y l trng hp khng khip v cc sector no trong a
cng b h. Ngi dng phi a my tnh n dch v sa cha, th d kch thc b nh qu
t, c th thay mi s kinh t hn. Hoc nh dng mc thp nh du vng b h trong
a cng. Tuy nhin, d liu trn vng nh du b h s b mt. Sau ny phn rnh b h
c th cn tip tc lan rng. Trng hp 6: khng th ci t c h iu hnh hoc khng
khi ng c my tnh. Kh nng 1: Phn hoch a cng cha c xc lp ch ng. Trong
chng trnh FDISK chng ta cp v cch phn hoch khi ng trong a cng phi c
xc lp ch ng v trong trng hp ny, chng ta phi ch trng thc hin n cc bc
ny Kh nng 2: Track 0 ca a cng b h, khi track 0 ca a cng b h, d liu
h iu hnh cn s dng khng th c ghi, lm cho h iu hnh khng th c ci t.
Trong trng hp ny, chng ta phi a my tnh ti dch v sa cha. Trng hp 7:
a CD-ROM khng th c d liu, nhng ci t chnh xc v c ngun. Kh nng 1: nu
Cd b h, chng ta vn c th xem cu trc tp tin bn trong n, nhng khi chng
ta thc s truy xut nhng tp tin ny h iu hnh s b ngt hoc b tr hon ko
di. Trong trng hp ny, bn vn c th a CD-ROM y ra mt my tnh khc v th
truy xut li. Kh nng 2: CD-ROM khng th truy xut cc a CD no . S phn
chiu yu lm cho a CD-ROM khng th truy xut c CD. Do chng ta phi
xt
L Hu Dng 08T1
n trng hp a CD ROM khng thch hp vi mt loi CD no khi ln u chng ta
mua mt a CD ROM trnh bt tin. Kh nng 3: a CD ROM b h.
6.4 Chut v bn phm:Trng hp 1: Con tr chut khng di chuyn c Kh nng
1: Ci t chut khng chnh xc. Kim tra xem cp chut pha sau my tnh c ni
cha hoc u ni cp ca n c b lng khng (lc kim tra) hay xem cc chn ca n
c b lch khng. Kh nng 2: Com1 v Com2 trn bo h thng AT khng c ci chnh
xc Trn bo h thng AT, cp dp cng Com phi c ni chnh xc vo bo h thng,
nu khng n s khng c tc dng (i vi bo h thng ATX, cng Com c ci sn trn
bo h thng v khng cn kt ni b sung). Kh nng 3 : Trnh iu khin chut cha
c ci t Vn ny thng xy ra trong mi trng DOS. Nu trnh iu khin chut
khng c ci t, th chut y khng th thc hin chc nng. Tuy nhin, trong h
iu hnh Windowns, trnh iu khin khng cn phi ci t v h thng s t ng pht
hin chut. Kh nng 4 : S IRQ c cng Com s dng b xung t vi cc thit b
khc Cc bo h thng no c mt t thiu st trong cc thit k , chng c th gn
IRQ c cng COM s dng lm vi mt thit b khc lm cho chut hoc thit b rt
ging nhau c th khng hot ng c. Trong trng hp ny, bn phi thay i ti
nguyn IRQ th cng cho chut. Trng hp 2 : Chut di chuyn khng nhp nhng
Kh nng 1 : Bi trong chut b d y l nguyn nhn ph bin i vi vn ny. Ly bi
bn trong chut ra v kim tra xem bi bn c bm vo cc bnh xe cm ng khng.
Kh nng 2 : Tc t b ca Card video hoc h thng qu chm hoc b bn Vn ny
phi c gii quyt theo hng khc. Quan st xem tc t b ca mn hnh c qu chm
khng. Mn hnh ca monitor s khng hin th ngay c y mn hnh k tip. Ngoi
ra, kim tra xem cc ti nguyn h thng c b gii hn khng v hiu sut tin
hnh c qu chm khng. Th b bt mt s chng trnh hoc cc chng trnh TSR cho
php cc ti nguyn h thng tng hiu qa hot ng hn.
L Hu Dng 08T1
Trng hp 3: Bn phm khng nhp c d liu vo my tnh Kh nng 1 : Cng bn
phm khng c ni chnh xc Kim tra xem cng bn phm pha sau my tnh c c ni
thch hp cha (cng bn phm AT v ATX khc nhau, ATX thng s dng cng
PS/2). Kh nng 2 : Tm xem bn phm c b xa khng Thit k ca kha bn phm c
thy cc Case my tnh AT thng thng. Trong trng hp ny, chng ta phi nh v
tr tt c cc phm tng ng m bn phm y. MY IN V CC THIT B NGOI VI KHC
Trng hp 1 : My in khng in c Kh nng 1 : Cp my in khng c ni chnh xc
Kim tra cp my in pha sau my tnh xem n c c ni vo cng LPT khng. Nu my
tnh ca bn l yu t hnh dng At kim tra xem cp dp trong cng LPT c c ni
vo bo h thng chnh xc cha. Kh nng 2 : Cng tc ngun ca my in khng c bt
ln Ngun ca my in l ngun c cung cp bn ngoi, khng c cp ngun t b ngun
ca my tnh, v vy nu quyn bt ln, my in khng th hot ng c. Kh nng 3 :
Trnh iu khin my tnh cha c ci t Trong mi trng windows, trnh iu khin
phi c ci t trc khi my tnh c th hot ng. S dng a driver hoc CD ROM c
nh sn xut cung cp ci t trnh iu khin y cho my in. Lu : Trong mi trng
DOS, bn c th n phm Printer Screen trn bn phm khi mt trang bt k ang
c hin th trn mn hnh v in thng tin tng t trang y. N c th kim tra xem
my in c c ci thch hp cha.
L Hu Dng 08T1
CHNG VII :
BO TR
Ngoi sa cha, bo tr my tnh cng l mt ch quan trng. Tp tin thit b
in t khng ging nh cc sn phm my mc thng thng i hi hay phi thay th
duy tr n tnh trng tt, ngi dng nn p dng cc phng php bo tr c bn ko di
tui th ca my tnh. Bi bn thng l nguyn nhn gy tc hi cho cc thnh phn
in t ca h thng my tnh. Chng ta kim tra k cc thnh phn in t thng c
chiu hng d b nh hng bi nguyn nhn ny p dng cc bc bo tr n gin. Cc b
phn chng ta phi ch l B ngun, Bo h thng v bo m rng, Qut CPU, a cng,
a mm, CD- ROM, Bn phm v chut, Monitor, Cc khe cm v cc cng.
L Hu Dng 08T1
CHNG VIII : VIRUS MY TNHp. Khi nim: Virus my tnh l mt on chng
trnh do mt ngi no to ra vi ph hy d liu trn my.Mt s chng trnh dit
virus: Chng trnh BKAV:
Chng trnh BKAV l chng trnh dit virus min ph do Nguyn T Qung v ng
Vn Tn trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni thit k v lun c cp nht c th dit nhng
virus mi pht sinh. Giao din c thit k bng ting Vit nn rt tin s
dng.Cch s dng: Tm n tp tin BKAV.EXE v thc thi. Khi thy mn hnh gii
thiu xut hin th g Enter. T ca s chnh nhp tn a vo mc Chn a/ng dn khc
hoc chn mt a trong khung Select. Chn mc Pht hin/dit tin hnh tm v
dit. Trong qu trnh kim tra s cho xut hin cc tp tin ang kim tra. Khi
kim tra xong s in bng tng kt ln mn hnh. Chn mc Tr v DOS thot. Chng
trnh D2:
D2 l chng trnh dit virus min ph ca Trng Minh Nht Quang (Cn
Th).Cch s dng: Tm n tp tin D2.COM v thc thi. Chn Object, chn Drive
ch nh tn a (hoc chn Path ch nh ng dn). G Enter bt u dit. G Esc
thot. Lm th no phng virus, bo v d liu ? phng nga virus, cn ch nhng
iu di y:
-
Nhng chng trnh v d liu quan trng nn chp phng h ra a mm hoc 1 a
cng khc.
Khi mang 1 a l vo s dng trn my phi dit virus cn thn bng nhiu
chng trnh dit virus khc nhau. Cn thng xuyn kim tra virus trn my v c
nhng virus ch hot ng trong 1 thi gian no hoc 1 ngy no .
L Hu Dng 08T1
q. Khi my b nhim virus th phi lm g ?S dng 1 a khi ng sch khi ng
my, trn a khi ng cn c chng trnh dit virus. Nu chy cc chng trnh dit
virus t a nhim virus th khng bo m dit c virus. Tin hnh chy nhiu
chng trnh dit virus. Nu vn khng dit c th cn lin h cc dch v Tin hc
hoc cc nh Tin hc tm 1 chng trnh dit khc hoc xin 1 li khuyn.
L Hu Dng 08T1
MUC LUC
CHNG I : CC LINH KIN
............................................................................................2
a. CASE (v my) thng c hai kiu c my v b ngun c gi l AT v ATX. S khc
bit chnh gia hai loi ny l ni ngun. i vi AT, ngun c ni t tm mt ti b
ngun. Cch ni ngun ph thuc vo yo t hnh dng ca AT v
ATX..............3 b. Ngun: l thit b cung cp ngun in cho
my............................................................3 c.
MainBoard :c chc nng to thun tin truyn thng tin gia cc thnh phn ca
my tnh, v vy chng ta phi ci t Mainboard trc khi rp cc thnh phn khc
ca my tnh. Cc loi thit b nh RAM, Card mn hnh, Card m thanh, Card
mng, Modem Internal v.v . . . u c gn trn Mainboard x
l......................................................3 d. CPU
(Central Processing Unit B x l trung tm ) c coi l mt trong nhng b
phn quan trng nht trong h thng my tnh. CPU x l nhng diu hot, chng
hn nh cc tnh ton, lu tr thng tin v truy tm. CPU l mt thit b ht sc
tinh vi, cn phi rt thn trng trnh h hng khi ci t. Thng i km theo CPU
l qut (FAN) dng lm gim nhit cho CPU khi hot ng mt cch lin tc. Hin
nay c hai loi qut CPU l Slot1 v Socket7, mi loi c cch ci t
ring............................................3 e. RAM (b nh): d
liu c CPU x l phn ln pht xut t cc RAM b nh ca my tnh. Dung lng ca
RAM xc nh kh nng hot ng ca my tnh. Hin nay c 3 loi l SIMM, DIMM,
RDRAM (dng cho
P4)...............................................................3
f. Card mn hnh: chu trch nhim chuyn i thng tin k thut s (digital)
thnh d liu tng t (analog)c Monitor nhn v hin th. Hin nay c hai loi
Bus h thng Card mn hnh l AGP v
PCI.............................................................................................3
g. Card m thanh: cho php d liu k thut d bng m thanh c chuyn i thnh
d liu analog c th c cc loa va mli nhn. Ngy nay card m thanh thng ch
yu dng Bus h thng PCI v
ISA.....................................................................................4
h. Card mng: thit b lin kt my tnh vi mng v iu phi lung thng tin gia
my tnh vi mng v trao i thng tin vi cc my tnh khc. Hai kiu bus h
thng thng dng l PCI v
ISA...............................................................................................................4
i. O a mm: a mm 1.44MB l phng tin thun li sao chp d liu gia cc my
tnh, trc khi h iu hnh trong my tnh, chng ta phi s dng a mm khi ng,
chng c th ghi v c thng tin ging nh mt my ghi
bng.....................4 j. O a cng: l thit b lu tr quan trng nht
ca ton b my tnh. Tt c d liu v cc chng trnh u c lu tr trong a cng.
tinh vi v tin cy ca chng cao hn rt nhiu so vi a
mm...........................................................................................4
k. CD ROM: dng c d liu nhng khng th ghi c, tuy nhin ngy nay Cd c th
ghi v c c d liu, chng hn nh CD
Re-write....................................4 l. Chut: n l thit b
ngoi ca my tnh, l thit b tin li trong cng vic khi chng ta khng s
dng bn phm. C 3 loi l dng cng P/S2 u ln v u nh, dng cng
COM.....................................................................................................................................4
m. Bn phm : l thit b ngoi, rt quan trong nhng cng vic ca chng ta.
Hin c 2 loi l dng cng COM v
P/S2..........................................................................................4
L Hu Dng 08T1 n. Monitor: l thit b ngoi dng truy xut thng tin ra
ngoi mn hnh thng qua Card mn
hnh......................................................................................................................4
o. Loa: cho chng ta nghe m thanh pht xut t Card m
thanh.......................................4 CHNG II : CI
T.........................................................................................................6
CHNG III : XC LP
BIOS............................................................................................9
CHNG IV : FDISK A
CNG.....................................................................................16
CHNG V : FORMAT A
CNG..................................................................................28
CHNG VI : GII QUYT CC VN
.....................................................................30
CHNG VII : BO
TR.....................................................................................................35
CHNG VIII : VIRUS MY
TNH..................................................................................36
p. Khi nim: Virus my tnh l mt on chng trnh do mt ngi no to ra vi ph
hy d liu trn my.
............................................................................................36
q. Khi my b nhim virus th phi lm g
?......................................................................37
