GIÁO TRÌNH Mô đun: KỸ THUẬT CẢM BIẾ .Bài 3: Cảm biến tiệm cận và một số loại cảm biến xác định vị trí và ... YÊU CẦU VỀ ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT

B LAO NG THNG BINH V X HI

TNG CC DY NGH

GIO TRNH M un: K THUT CM BIN NGH: IN T CNG NGHIP

TRNH : CAO NG

Ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s:120/Q-TCDN ngy 25 thng 02 nm 2013 ca Tng cc trng Tng cc Dy ngh

Nm 2013

- 1 -

TUYN B BN QUYN

Ti liu ny thuc loi sch gio trnh nn cc ngun thng tin c th c

php dng nguyn bn hoc trch dng cho cc mc ch v o to v tham

kho.

Mi mc ch khc mang tnh lch lc hoc s dng vi mc ch kinh

doanh thiu lnh mnh s b nghim cm.

- 2 -

LI GII THIU

thc hin bin son gio trnh o to ngh in t cng nghip

trnh Cao ng Ngh v Trung Cp Ngh, gio trnh cm bin l mt trong

nhng gio trnh m un o to chuyn ngnh c bin son theo ni dung

chng trnh khung c B Lao ng Thng binh X hi v Tng cc Dy

Ngh ph duyt.

Khi bin son, nhm bin son c gng cp nht nhng kin thc

mi c lin quan n ni dung chng trnh o to v ph hp vi mc tiu

o to, ni dung l thuyt v thc hnh c bin son gn vi nhu cu thc

t trong sn xut ng thi c tnh thc tin cao.

Ni dung gio trnh c bin son vi dung lng thi gian o to

180 gi gm c:

Bi 1: Bi m u cc khi nim c bn v b cm bin

Bi 2: Cm bin nhit

Bi 3: Cm bin tim cn v mt s loi cm bin xc nh v tr v khong

cch khc

Bi 4: Phng php o lu lng

Bi 5: o vn tc vng quay v gc quay

Bi 6: Cm bin quang in

Trong qu trnh s dng gio trnh, tu theo yu cu cng nh khoa hc

v cng ngh pht trin c th iu chnh thi gian v b sung nhng kin

thc mi cho ph hp. Trong gio trnh, chng ti c ra ni dung thc tp

ca tng bi ngi hc cng c v p dng kin thc ph hp vi k nng.

Tuy nhin, tuy theo iu kin c s vt cht v trang thit b, cc trng c

th s dng cho ph hp.

Mc d c gng t chc bin son p ng c mc tiu o to

nhng khng trnh c nhng khim khuyt. Rt mong nhn c ng gp

kin ca cc thy, c gio, bn c nhm bin son s hiu chnh hon

thin hn. Cc kin ng gp xin gi v Trng Cao ng ngh Lilama 2,

Long Thnh ng Nai.

ng Nai, ngy 10 thng 06 nm 2013

Tham gia bin son

1. Ch bin TS. L Vn Hin

2. KS. L Phc Tuy

- 3 -

MC LC

MC

TRANG

LI GII THIU ........................................................................................ 2

MC LC .................................................................................................... 3

M UN K THUT CM BIN............................................................. 6

BI M U

KHI NIM C BN V CC B CM BIN ...................................... 8

1. Khi nim c bn v cc b cm bin:........................................................ 8

2. Phm vi s dng ca cm bin ................................................................. 10

3. Phn loi cm bin: .................................................................................. 10

YU CU V NH GI KT QU HC TP BI M U .......... 12

BI 1

CM BIN NHIT ............................................................................. 13

1.1 i cng ............................................................................................... 13

1.1.1 Thang o nhit ............................................................................ 13

1.1.2 Nhit cn o v nhit c o ................................................ 14

1.2 Nhit in tr Platin v Niken ................................................................ 14

1.2.1 in tr kim loi thay i theo nhit ........................................... 14

1.2.2 Nhit in tr Platin ......................................................................... 15

1.2.3 Nhit in tr Niken ........................................................................ 17

1.3 Cm bin nhit vi vt liu Silic ........................................................ 20

1.4 IC cm bin nhit ............................................................................... 24

1.5 Nhit in tr NTC ................................................................................. 26

1.6 Nhit in tr PTC ................................................................................. 29

1.7 Thc hnh vi cm bin nhit Platin Pt 100, Pt1000 v ADT70 ........ 31

1.8 Thc hnh vi cm bin LM35............................................................... 33

1.9 Thc hnh vi cm bin nhit in tr NTC ........................................... 34

1.10 Thc hnh vi cm bin nhit in tr PTC ......................................... 36

YU CU V NH GI KT QU HC TP BI 1 ........................ 38

BI 2

CM BIN TIM CN V CC LOI CM BIN XC NH V TR

, KHONG CCH ..................................................................................... 39

2.1 Cm bin tim cn (Proximity Sensor) ................................................... 39

2.1.1 Cm bin tim cn in cm (Inductive Proximity Sensor) ............. 43

2.1.2 Cm bin tim cn in dung (Capacitive Proximity Sensor) ........... 47

2.2 Mt s loi cm bin xc nh v tr, khong cch khc .......................... 50

2.2.1 Xc nh v tr v khong cch dng bin tr ................................... 50

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2.2.2 Xc nh v tr khong cch bng t cm (Inductance Transducers) . 53

2.2.3. Xc nh v tr khong cch bng cm bin in dung (Capacitance

Transducers ) ............................................................................................ 57

2.2.4 Cm bin t ..................................................................................... 60

2.2.5 Cm bin phn loi mu ................................................................... 62

2.3 Thc hnh vi cm bin tim cn in cm ............................................ 63

2.4 Thc hnh vi cm bin tim cn in dung........................................... 64

2.5 Thc hnh vi cm bin t ..................................................................... 65

2.6 Thc hnh vi cm phn loi mu .......................................................... 66

YU CU V NH GI KT QU HC TP BI 2 ........................ 64

BI 3

PHNG PHP O LU LNG ........................................................ 68

3.1. i cng .............................................................................................. 68

3.2. Phng php o lu lng theo nguyn tc chnh lch p sut ............. 71

3.3. Phng php o lu lng bng tn s dng xoy ................................ 76

3.3.1. Nguyn tc hot ng ..................................................................... 76

3.3.2. Cc u, nhc im ca phng php o lu lng dng nguyn tc

tn s dng xoy ....................................................................................... 77

3.3.3. Mt s ng dng ca cm bin o lu lng dng nguyn tc tn s

dng xoy ................................................................................................. 78

3.4. Thc hnh vi cm bin o lu lng ................................................... 78

3.4.1. Ghi nhn cc thng s ca cm bin ............................................... 78

3.4.2. Thit lp cc thng s cho cm bin ................................................ 80

YU CU V NH GI KT QU HC TP BI 3 ........................ 81

BI 4

O VN TC VNG QUAY V GC QUAY ...................................... 83

4.1. Mt s phng php o vn tc vng quay c bn ................................ 83

4.2. o vn tc vng quay bng phng php Analog ................................. 83

4.3. o vn tc vng quay bng phng php quang in t ....................... 85

4.4. o vn tc vng quay vi nguyn tc in tr t................................... 88

4.5. Cm bin o gc vi t hp c in tr t ............................................. 92

4.6. My o gc tuyt i (Resolver) ........................................................... 93

4.7. Thc hnh o gc vi encoder tng i v tuyt i ........................... 94

4.8. Thc hnh vi cm bin o vng quay .................................................. 96

4.8.1 Cm bin KMI15/1 .......................................................................... 96

4.8.2 Cm bin o vng quay KMI16/1 .................................................... 97

4.8.3 Thc hnh vi cm bin o gc KM110BH/2430, KM110BH/2470

................................................................................................................ .98

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YU CU V NH GI KT QU HC TP BI 4 ........................ 98

BI 5

CM BIN QUANG IN ..................................................................... 100

5.1 i cng ............................................................................................. 100

5.1.1 Tnh cht nh sng ......................................................................... 100

5.1.2 Cc loi ngun sng ....................................................................... 101

5.1.3 Cc cm bin quang ....................................................................... 102

5.1.4 Mt s cm bin quang thng dng................................................ 108

5.2 Cm bin quang loi thu pht c lp ................................................... 109

5.3 Cm bin quang loi phn x gng ..................................................... 112

5.4 Cm bin quang loi phn x khuch tn .............................................. 115

5.5. Mt s ng dng ca cm bin quang in .......................................... 116

5.6. Thc hnh vi cm bin quang ............................................................ 120

5.6.1 Thc hnh vi cm bin quang loi ph