GIS1- K1,2 - Anatomi Dan Embriologi

8/19/2019 GIS1- K1,2 - Anatomi Dan Embriologi

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GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM

DEPARTEMEN ANATOMI

FK USU


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Embriologi

Stage of itra!teri"

#$ Embr%oal &'a(e) * (+ , - #. /ee0( )

&embela'a 1 +iffere(ia(i (el ) orga

.$ 2oet!( &'a(e ) , - #. /ee0( (+ 3* /ee0a )

gro/t' 1 +e4elo&met of orga

5 (tage itra!teri terme+ i 6 trime(ter


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#TH TRIMESTER5 I(t /ee0" 7%got ) 8lea4e+ 8ell " mor!lla ) bla(t!la )

im&latatio5 .+ /ee0" embr%o 8ell( +ifferetiatio ) t/o la%er( )

bilamier (ta+i!m ) e&ibla( ) e8to+erm

'i&obla( ) e+o+erm

fii('e+ at ) &rimiti4e (trea0$


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5 6 t' /ee0(" 8reate+ t'ree embr%ogei8 la%er )e8to+erm9me(o+erm a+ e+o+erm la%er /it' t'ei4agiatio of t'e me(o+erm la%er bet/ee e8to+erma+ e+o+erm la%er 9 a+ iitial% /it' &rimiti4e (trea0

area) t'ree la%er (tage : trilamier (tage;$&rimiti4e (trea0 ) e!ral &late 1 e!ral fol+ i8raialregio ) e!ral groo4e ) e!ral t!be$


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5 3 t'


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ORAL CAVITY ( CAVUM ORIS)

Oral 8a4it% i( t'e begiig of t'e +ige(ti4e t!be I ifrot it i( bo!+e+ b% t'e m!8o!( membrae of t'e

li&(

Lateral " t'e 8'ee0(

Abo4e " &alate >elo/ " tog!e a+ m!8o!( membrae


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Roof of t'e mo!t' 8a4it% i( forme+ b% t'e &alate

:&alat!m;

T'e (!b(trat!m of t'e &alate i( bo% ifrot:&alat!m +!r!m;

I t'e &o(terior &art it i( m!(8!lar :&alat!m molle;


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THE TEETH ( DENTES)

T'e teet' a&&aear i t/o (!88e(i4e (erie( 8alle+ +etitio

#$ 2ir(t +etitio " .* mil0 teet'.$ Se8o+ +etitio " 6. &ermaet teet'

PERMANENT TEETH:

Permaet teet' are &re(et i t'e !&&er a+ lo/er ?a/( 9eig't o ea8' (i+e

@ . i8i(or teet'

@ # 8aie toot'

@ . &remolar teet'

@ 6 molar teet'


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Teet' are firml% im&late+ i t'e ?a/ a+ are (!rro!+e+ b%

t'e gigi4al m!8o(a$

Ea8' toot' 8o(i(t( of "

5 Detie : (!b(tatia eb!rea;

form( t'e mai ma(( a+ gi4e t'e toot' it( form

5 Eamel :(!b(tatia a+amatia;

8o4er( t'e free &art of t'e toot' (!&erfi8iall%

5 Cemet :(!b(tatia o((ea;

T'e &art( 'i++e i t'e boe a+ g!m


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A88or+ig to form of t'e toot' are +i(tig!i('e+ "

Cro/ :8oroa +eti(;

t'i80e(t &art &ro?e8tig free ito t'e mo!t' 8a4it%

Ne80 :8oll!m +eti(;

Root :ra+i= +eti(;

loge(t &ortio of t'e toot'


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THE TONGUE : LINGUA;

T'e tog!e i( a flat9 oblog bo+% 8o(i(tig mail% of m!(8le

a+ i( fa(tee+ belo/ to t'e floor of t'e mo!t'

Part of tog!e "

#$ Ra+i=

.$ Cor&!(6$ A&e=


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M!8o!( membra of t'e tog!e i( 8o4ere+ b%

&a&illae lig!ale( "

Pa&illae filiforme( Pa&illae f!giforme(

Pa&illae 4allatae

Pa&illae foliatae


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OESOPHAGUS

D

A m!(8!lar t!be9 legt' a4erage( . 8m

>egi( a( t'e 8oti!atio of t'e &'ar%= be'i+ t'e

8artilage 8ri8oi+ea

R! +o//ar+ t'ro!g' t'e (&ati!m me+ia(tiale

&o(terior &a((e( t'ro!g' t'e 'iat!(

oe(o&'ag!( +ia&rag'mati( iito ab+omial 8a4it%Co(i(t " &ar( t'ora8ali( a+ &ar( ab+omiali(


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MUSCLES OF THE ABDOMEN

5 M$ ObliB!!( e=ter!( ab+omii(

5 M$P%rami+ali(

5 M$ObliB!!( iter!( ab+omii(

5 M$Tra(4er(!( ab+omii(

5 M$Re8t!( ab+omii(

@ 4agia m$ree8t!( ab+omii(@ i(8ri&tioe( te+ieae

Linea alba " i( a 8oe8ti4e ti((!e (tri& /i8' e=te+ i t'e

me+ia &lae bet/ee t'e m$ re8t!( ab+omii( from t'e&ro8$=%&'oi+e!( to t'e (%m&i(i( &!bi(


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Liea (emil!ari( " &aralel fiber9 r! tra(4er(el% for/ar+ a+

go o4er ito a te+o &late alog a lie /i8' i( 8o8a4eme+ia/ar+

I t'e lo/er t'ir+ of m$obliB!!( ab+oii( iter!(9 all t'e fiber

r! i frot of m$re8t!( ab+omii(9 t'e lo/er margi i(

8!r4e+ a+ 8o8a4e

LIGAMENTUM INGUINAL (POUPARTI)


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LIGAMENTUM INGUINAL (POUPARTI)

I( a &e/rf!l9 flatl% ro!+e+ te+o9 /i8' e=te+( from t'e (&iailia8a aterior (!&erior to t'e t!ber8!l!m &!bi8!m 9 a+ 8a be

&al&ate+ t'ro!g' t'e (0i a( a 'ar+ 8or+

CANALIS INGUINALIS

I( a 8%li+ri8al (&a8e fille+ !& 8om&letel% b% t'e +!8t!(

+efere( :male; - ligamet!m tere( !teri :female; /it' t'ea88om&aig 4e((el(

t'e 8aal 'a( t/o o&eig( " @ a!l!( ig!iali( ab+omiali(

@ a!l!( ig!iali( (!b8!tae!(


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INNERVASION MOTORIK ABDOMINAL MUSCLES

5 M$ObliB!!( ab+omii( e=ter!( " @ N$Iter8o(tali( #.

@ N$Ilio H%&oga(tri8!(

@ N$ Ilio Ig!iali(

5 M$ ObliB!!( ab+omii( iter!( " @ N$Iter8o(tali( #.

@ N$Ilio H%&oga(tri8!( @ N$ Ilio Ig!iali(

5 M$ Tra(4er(!( ab+omii( " @ N$Iter8o(tali( #* #.

@ N$Ilio H%&oga(tri8!(

@ N$ Ilio Ig!iali(

INNERVASION SENSORIS SKIN AND ABDOMINAL ALL


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INNERVASION SENSORIS SKIN AND ABDOMINAL ALL

5 Ier4a(io aterior 9 lateral a+ &o(terio@ lateral

ab+omial /all ram!( 8!taeo!( N$Iter8o(tali(

##

5 Ier4a(io &o(tero me+ial ab+omial /all Ram!(

&o(terior Ner4!( S&iali( T' #* ##

Va!"#la$i!a%i&n Ab'&inal all

5 Arteri@4ea E&iga(tri8a (!&erior

5 Arteri 4ea E&iga(tri8a iferior

5 Arteri 4ea Cir8!mfle=ia Ilia8a (!&erfi8iali(5 Arteri 4ea Cir8!mfle=ia Ilia8a &rof!+!(


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PERITONEUM

PARIETALE

VISCERALE

T'e (moot' gli(teig (ero!(e membrae


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Pe$i%&ne# Pa$i%ale

Part of &eritoe!m /i8' 8o4er( t'e /all( 8a4itie( 9 t'e

large 4a(8!lar a+ t'e er4e t'r!0 atta8'e+ to t'em a(

/ell a( (ome &art( of t'e !riar% a+ (e=!al a&&arat!(

Pe$i%&ne# Vi!"e$ale

T'e &art of &eritoe!m /i8' i( firml% atta8'e+ to t'e(!rfa8e of t'e freel% mo4able &ortio of +ige(ti4e t!be 9 t'e

&a8rea(9 li4er a+ (&lee


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INTRAPERITONEAL ORGANS :

5 He&ar

5 Lie5 Ga(ter

5 Part of g!t

RETROPERITONEAL ORGANS:

5 i+e% :Re;

5 Pa8rea(

5 Aorta ab+omiali(5 Vea 8a4a iferior


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MESENTERIUM :

Large fol+ of &eritoe!m 9 ari(e( from &o(terior /all of t'e

ab+ome at fle=!ra +!o+eo?e?!ali( $ The strarting point

is radix mesentery

OMENTUM MAUS

Part of &eritoe!m 4i(8erale /i8' i( 'agig +o//ar+

from 8!r4at!ra ma?or of t'e (toma8' li0e a a&ro i frot

of t'e 8olo tra(4er(!m a+ (mall ite(tie$

Cotai large a88!m!latio( of fat


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BURSA OMENTALIS

A (lit@li0e 8a4it% (!rro!+e+ o all (i+e( b% &eritoe!m9 /i8'

i( 8oe8te+ /it' t'e geeral 8a4!m &eritoei at oe (&ot

ol%$

FORAMEN EPIPLOICUM (INSLOI)

>o!+e+ ifrot b% t'e lig$'e&ato+!+eale9 abo4e b%

&ro8e((!( 8a!+at!( of t'e li4er9 be'i+ b% t'e 4$8a4a

iferior a+ belo/ b% fle=!ra +!o+ei (!&erior


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* + ,

- . /0 1 2


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PROYESION O2 INTRA A>DOMINAL ORGANS

Lie " o latero@&o(terior of 8o(tae #*

He&ar " o aterior rig't bo+% /all9 from rig't

8o(tae Ft' to t'e la(t ar8' 8o(tae

Ga(ter :Stoma8'; " from e&iga(tri!m regio to!mbili0ali( regio


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PARTS OF STOMACH

C!r4at!ra 4etri8!li mior

Car+ia9

2!+!( 4etri8!li

Cor&!( 4etri8!li

C!r4at!ra 4etri8!li ma?or

C!r4at!ra 4etri8!li mior Par( &%lori8!m

M!(8!lari( of t'e (toma8'"

5 O!ter la%er " logit!+ial m!(8le fibre(

5 Se8o+ la%er " 8ir8!lar m!(8le fiber(

5 Dee&e(t la%er " obliB!e m!(8le fibre /it' !mero!( fol+

Pli8a m!8o(ae


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Po(itio (toma8' "

At t'e !&&er e+ of t'e 8!r4at!ra mior9 oe(o&'ag!( eter

t'e /all of (toma8' b% t'e (&i8ter 8ar+ia

At t'e e+ 4etri8!li 8oti!e+ ito &ar( &%lori8a9

a&&ro=imatel% 8%li+ri8al i ('a&e (e&arate+ from

+!o+e!m b% a rig@forme+ 8o(tri8tio :(&i8ter &%lori;

T'e f!+!( i( bo!+e+ +ire8tl% abo4e b% t'e 8!&ola

+ia&'ragm9 to t'e left a+ be'i+ b% t'e fa(8ie( ga(tri8a of

t'e (&lee


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INTESTINUM

SMALL INTESTINE

INTESTINUM TENUE

LARGE IINTESTINE

INTESTINUM

CRASSUM


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INTESTINUM TENUE

DUODENUM EENUM ILEUM

DUODENUM


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DUODENUM

T'e fir(t &ortio of t'e (mall ite(tie /'i8' i( +ire8tl% a+

firml% atta8'e+ to t'e &o(terior ab+omial /all

It form( a (&irall% 8!r4e+ rig9 o&e to t'e left a+ abo4e I t'e 8o8a4it% of /'i8' t'e &a8rea( i( i(erte+

Co(i(t " @ &ar( (!&erior :('orte(t &ortio;

@ &ar( +e(8e+e(

@ &ar( iferior

It lie( to t'e rig't a+ i frot of t'e &ar( l!mbali( of

+ia&'ragm9 of t'e 4$&ortae9 a$'e&ati8a a+ +!8t!(

8'ole+o8!(9 be'i+ a+ belo/ t'e lob!( B!a+rat!( of t'e

li4er

>e+( aro!+ mar0e+l% to t'e rig't a+ for/ar+ to go o4er

ito t'e ite(ti!m ?e?e!m fle=!ra +!o+eo?e?!ali(

T' fl + + ? ? li i fi l tt ' + t t'


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T'e fle=!ra+!o+eo?e?!ali( i( firml% atta8'e+ to t'e

+ia&'ragm b% t'e m$(!(&e(ori!m +!o+ei

I t'e m!8o(a &re(et a logit!+ial fol+ :&li8a logit!+iali(+!o+ei; a+ (mall &ro?e8tio !&o /'i8' o&e t'e +!8t!(

8'ole+o8!( a+ +!8t!( &a8reati8!( : &a&illa Vateri;


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EENUM AND ILEUM


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EENUM AND ILEUM

Ifrot a+ lateral/ar+ ?e?e!m a+ ile!m i( 8o4ere+ b% t'e

great omet!m :omet!m ma?!(;

T'e m!8o!( membrae &re(et( t'e (&e8ial (tr!8t!r "

Pli8a 8ir8!lari( :er80rig; "

@ t'e 8o(tat fol+

@ I ?e?e!m 9 t'e% are loger a+ 'ig'er t'a i ile!m

L%m&' o+e

@ i ?e?e!m9 t'e% are !(!all% (igle :o+!li l%m&'ati8i i

(olitar% ;@ i ile!m9 t'e% are !mero!( a+ 'ig'er a+ i &art

are 8ro/+e+ toget'er 9 Peyer Patcher :o+!li

l%m&'ati8i agregati;

LARGE INTESTINE ( INTESTINUM CRASSUM)


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LARGE INTESTINE ( INTESTINUM CRASSUM)

2ollo/ig !&o t'e (mall ite(tie9 it( begi( a( t'e ite(ti!m

8ae8!m i t'e fo((a ilia8a +e=tra

Part of ite(ti!m 8ra((!m "

Cae8!m

Colo a(8e+e(

Colo tra(4er(!m

Colo +e(8e+e(

Colo (igmoi+e!m

T'e &ortio from t'e 8ae8!m to t'e re8t!m i( 8alle+ the colon

T'e large ite(tie i( 8ara8teri7e+ it( (!rfa8e i( ot (moot'l%


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T'e large ite(tie i( 8ara8teri7e+9 it( (!rfa8e i( ot (moot'l%

8%li+ri8al9 b!t &re(et( a o+!lar a&&eara8e +!e to t'e

t'ree ro/( of irreg!lar9 fla(0 li0e &ro?e8tio haustra

T'e(e ro/( of 'a!(tra are (e&arate+ from oe aot'er b%

t'ree ba+(@ li0e (tri&( of t'e logit!+ial m!(8le

taenia coli (taenia libera, taenia omentalis and taenia

mesocolica)

Alog t'e /'ole large ite(tie +e4elo&e+ lobe@li0e fatt%

appendices epipolica

T'e m!8o(a 'a4e a large (i80e@('a&e+ fol+

&li8a (emil!are(

CAECUM


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CAECUM

T'e bli+@(a8@li0e &ortio of t'e large ite(tie (it!ate+

belo/ t'e o&eig of t'e ile!m ito t'e large ite(tie

At t'e !&&er limit of t'e 8ae8!m 9 i t'e &o(terior &art of t'eleft /all lie( t'e o&eig of t'e (mall ite(tie /it'i t'e

valvula coli.

Tere ari(e t/o 'ig' fol+( forme+ b% t'e /all of t'e (all a+

large ite(tie " @ labi!m (!&eri!( of t'e 4al4!la 8oli @ labi!m iferi!( of t'e 4al4!la 8oli

I t'e formatio of t'i( t'e termial &ortio of t'e (mall

ite(tie i( i4agiate+ ito t'e large ite(tie 8a4it%

APPENDI4 VERMIFORMIS


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APPENDI4 VERMIFORMIS

Aarro/ 9 geerall% 8%li+ri8al9 'ollo/9 bli+ e+ig of t'e

8ae8!m$

Legt' a4erage ,9 8m

COLON ASCENDENS

5 >egi( at t'e fre!la 4al4!lae 8oli a( t'e +ire8t 8oti!atio

of 8ae8!m

COLON TRANSVERSUM

R!( o!t to t'e left a+ (ome/'at !&/ar+ from t'e fle=!ra8oli +e=tra o4er t'e mee+ia &lae i a 8!r4e 8o4e=

for/ar+ a+ at t'e (ame time +o//ar+ a+ goe( o4er ito

t'e 8olo +(8e+e(

COLON DESCENDENS


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COLON DESCENDENS

A +e(8e+ig limb of 8olo

COLON SIGMOIDEUM

Termial &ortio of 8olo 9 'ag( a( a loo& geerall% +o/ ito

t'e 8a4it% of (mall &el4i( a+ goe( o4er i frot of t'e

(a8r!m ito t'e re8t!m

RECTUM

Termial &ortio of t'e +ige(ti4e t!be /'i8' e=te+( from t'e

8olo (igmoi+e!m t'ro!g' t'e iferior /all of t'e (mall

&el4i( to t'e iferior o&eig :a!(;


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VESICA FELLEA (GALL BLADER)


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VESICA FELLEA (GALL BLADER)

I( a oblog 9 &ear@('a&e+ (a8 9 /'i8' i( fa(tee+ b% loo(e

8oe8ti4e ti((!e i t'e fo((a 4e(i8a fellea of t'e li4er

T'e +!8t!( 8%(ti8!( lea4e( t'e bla+er a+ t'e ?oi /it' +!8t!(

'e&ati8!(


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PANCREAS


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PANCREAS

5 Lie( tra4er(el% i frot of t'e &o(terior /all of t'e

ab+omial 8a4it%

5 It &re(et( for e=amiatio " 8a&!t9 8or&!( a+ 8a!+a5 T'e 8a&!t &a8reati( fill( !& t'e 8o8a4it% of t'e &ar(

+e(8e+e( a+ &ar( iferior +!o+e!m

5 T'e aterior a+ iferior (!rfa8e( are 8o4ere+ b%

&eritoe!m a+ t'e &o(terior (!rfa8e i( free from it

5 T'e +!8t!( of &a8rea( : +!8t!( &a8reati8!( /ir(!gi a+

+!8t!( &a8reati8!( (atorii; i( o&eig i t'e +!o+e!m

PANCREAS


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PANCREAS

VASCULARISATION


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VASCULARISATION

5 Va(8!lari(atio i ab+omial 4i(8era i( from bra8' of aorta

ab+omiali(

5 A$8oelia8a 9 +i4i+ie( at t'ree bra8'e( "

@ A$ga(tri8a (ii(tra

@ A$ He&ati8a

@ A$ Lieali(

5 A$ me(eteri8a (!&erior " @ A$ ite(tiale(

@ A$ ileo8oli8a

@ A$ 8oli8a +e=tra 1 me+ia

5 A$ me(eteri8a iferior " @ A$ 8oli8a (ii(tra

@ A$ (igmoi+ea

@ A$ 'aemorr'oi+ale( (!&erior

5 A Ilia8a 8omm!i(


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A$ Ilia8a 8omm!i(

5 A$H%&oga(tri8a

Vea

Vea &ortae " 8olle8t( t'e bloo+ from t'e +ige(ti4e t!be

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GIS1- K1,2 - Anatomi Dan Embriologi