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Global Environmental Facility
China: Dioxins Reduction from Pulp and
Paper Industry Project
Environmental and Social Management
Framework
Foreign Economic Cooperation Office,
Ministry of Environmental Protection, PRC
May, 2016
SFG2286
ABBREVIATIONS
缩略语
BAT/BEP
Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices
最佳可行技术和最佳环境实践
ECF
Elemental Chlorine Free
无元素氯漂白技术
EIA
Environmental Impact Assessment
环境影响评价
EMP
Environmental Management Plan
环境管理计划
ESMF
Environmental and Social Management Framework
环境评价框架
NGO
Non-government Organization
非政府组织
NIP
National Implementation Plan
国家实施计划
NWPM
Non-wood Pulp and Paper Making
非木浆造纸
TCF
Totally Chlorine Free
全无氯漂白技术
TOR
Terms of Reference
工作大纲
UPOPs
Unintentional Persistent Organic Pollutants
无意产生的持久性有机污染物
WB World Bank
CHEMICAL ABBREVIATIONS
化学缩略词
AOX
Absorbable Organic Halogen
可吸附有机卤素
BOD5
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (5days)
5日生化需氧量
COD
Chemical Oxygen Demand
化学需氧量
DBD
Dibenzo-p-dioxins
二苯并二恶英
DBF
Dibenzo-p-dioxins
二苯并呋喃
PCDD
Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins
多氯二苯并对二恶英
PCDF
Polychlorinated Dibenzo-furans
多氯二苯并呋喃
POPs
Persistent Organic Pollutants
持久性有机污染物
SS
Suspended Solids
悬浮固体物
PM10
Particulate Matters with diameters less than 10µm
可吸入颗粒物
TSP
Total Suspended Particulates
总悬浮颗粒物
I
Contents
1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 2
2 Purpose and Scope of ESMF ............................................................................................ 3
3 Project Description ................................................................................................................... 3
4 Law and Regulation Framework...................................................................................... 4
4.1 NATIONAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS ............................................................................................. 4
4.2 WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES AND ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY (EHS)
GUIDELINES ............................................................................................................................... 8
5 Potential Environmental and Social Impacts ................................................................ 10
5.1 TYPICAL NON-WOOD PULPING PROCESSES .................................................................................. 10
5.2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS ...................................................................................... 13
6. Procedures to Address Environmental and Social Issues ..................................................... 14
6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SCREENING (STEP 1) ............................................................................... 14
6.2 PREPARING ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL DOCUMENTS (STEP 2) ............................................................ 14
6.3 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE (STEP 3) ............................................................ 15
6.4 REVIEW AND APPROVAL (STEP 4) ....................................................................................................... 15
6.5 IMPLEMENTATION (STEP 5) ............................................................................................................... 15
7 Grievance Redress Mechanism ................................................................................................ 15
8 Institutional Arrangement and Capacity Building ................................................................. 16
Annex 1 Environmental and Social Screening Form ................................................................ 17
Annex 2 Generic Terms of Reference for Environmental Assessment ..................................... 19
Annex 3 Generic Environmental Management Mitigation Measures ..................................... 23
I. Measures to Mitigate Environmental Impact in Design Stage .............................................. 23
2
1 Introduction
This Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) serves as a
supplemental environmental assessment document for the China GEF Dioxins
Reduction from Pulp and Paper Industry Project (P125528). The project has been
under implementation since 2012 and is being restructured to include new activities
that are in line with the project development objective. To this end, the ESMF is
prepared to ensure environmental and social considerations will be properly
incorporated into the design and implementation of proposed new activities.
The National Implementation Plan (NIP) of the People’s Republic of China for
Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants has listed pulping and paper
industry as one of the country’s six priority industries for POPs reduction. Due to the
scarcity of timber resources, non-wood fiber pulping enterprises take a considerable
proportion in this sector in China. Lack of Best Available Technologies sand Best
Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP) for small scale non-wood pulp and paper mills
has been identified as a key barrier for the sector to control dioxins releases, as well as
to improve the sector’s overall environmental performance. In this context, the
Dioxins Reduction from Pulp and Paper Industry Project was prepared by the Foreign
Economic Cooperation Office (FECO) of Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP)
in collaboration with World Bank in 2012.
The project was assigned Category A per World Bank safeguard policy OP4.01
Environmental Assessment. For each mill that has been financed by the project, full
EIA and EMP was prepared following domestic regulations and OP4.01
Environmental Assessment. As of May 2016, the project has provided grants to
finance three mills which have either completed or nearly completed their
BAT/BEP-based technical renovation.
Drawing on the experiences learnt from the already-made BAT/BEP investments,
it is proposed the project will further promote the BAT/BEP application in the sector
and help China achieve the objective of eliminating UPOPs (i.e. dioxins) releases
from the sector. Specifically, it is proposed that the project will support the
preparation of feasibility study and safeguards documents for BAT/BEP investment
for up to 4 non-wood pulp mills. It is expected that these additional mills will
subsequently make BAT/BEP investments on their own following the technical and
safeguard standards set out in the FSR and safeguards documents. The project will not
finance these mills’ BAT/BEP implementation. In addition, these mills will be selected
through evaluation of their potential for BAT/BEP-based technical renovation and
meeting environmental standards, and their economic and financial sustainability.
Therefore, an ESMF is an appropriate safeguard instrument according to the OP4.01.
3
2 Purpose and Scope of ESMF
The purpose of this Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF)
is to guide the selection of mills, screening of environmental and social issues, and
preparation of environmental assessment reports for the selected mills.
The scope of the ESMF covers screening of environmental and social issues,
procedures to address the issues, public consultation and institutional armament. The
ESMF also includes a general terms of reference for environmental assessment, and a
generic Environmental Management Plan (EMP).
3 Project Description
The project development objectives are to: (a) demonstrate the result of adoption of best
available techniques and best environmental practices (BAT/BEP) in four selected non-wood
pulp mills; and (b) support China in developing and adopting a long-term action plan to guide
the promotion of a sector-wide BAT/BEP adoption.
This project has supported four selected non-wood pulp mills to adopt BAT/BEP pr following
Stockholm Convention guidelines, including investments in process substitution and process
optimization and replacing the elemental chlorine-based bleach process by the elemental
chlorine-free (ECF) process to minimize dioxins releases. Investments in other aspects of pulp
production will aim at reducing pollutant loads in water discharge, water use, and energy use.
The four demonstration mills typify the production line for the most common non-wood
fibers (reed, straw, bagasse and bamboo) and are located in different provinces (Sichuan,
Hunan, Henan, and Guangxi, respectively).
The Sichuan Leshan Jinfu Paper Mill (hereafter Jinfu) planed to build a 52,000 ton/a
bamboo pulp ECF bleaching line and associated material preparation, cooking, bamboo
joint removal, screening, oxygen delignification, and a 4 ton/day chlorine dioxide
generation facility.
The Nanning Sugar Company Pumiao Paper Mill(hereafter Pumiao) has built a 98,000
ton/a bagasse pulp ECF bleaching line and an associated 8 ton/day chlorine dioxide
generation facility, and an 11,000 m3/d anaerobic wastewater treatment system for
bagasse material preparation. The project planned to support its pilot operation and a
40,000t/d tertiary wastewater treatment facility.
The Henan Baiyun Paper Mill planned to build a 37,000 ton/a ECF bleaching and oxygen
delignification system and expand the associated chlorine dioxide generation facility
from a capacity of 6 ton/day to 8ton/day.
The Hunan Linyuan Paper Mill planned to build a 51,000t/a ECF bleaching and oxygen
delignification system and an associated 3ton/day chlorine dioxide generation facility.
In 2015, the Pumiao Paper Mill in Nanning City dropped out from the project though it had
substantially completed the planned BAT/BEP investments, because its parent company
decided to stop the mill’s operation permanently due to poor market situation and its own
4
financial difficulties. As of May 2016, the other three mills have either been under stable
operation or are ready for trial operation. The project hence is restructured to include
promotion of BAT/BEP investment in other mills by supporting the development of feasibility
studies and safeguard documents. The new mills will be selected after careful evaluation of
their technical, financial and environmental performances. FECO and China Paper
Association (CPA)
Besides, the project also supports technical assistance activities including national action plan
for sector-wide replication, monitoring and evaluation, and project management.
4 Law and Regulation Framework
For each mill that will be supported for FSR development, a full Environmental Assessment
(EA) should be carried out following the Chinese EIA regulations as well as the World Bank
safeguards policies. Bank operational policies OP/BP 4.01 Environmental Assessment and
requirements regarding information disclosure and public consultation also apply to the
project. In addition, the World Bank Group Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines
(EHS Guidelines hereafter) were thoroughly taken into account in the EA process.
4.1 National Laws and Regulations
Tables 1, 2 and 3 summarizes the Chinese national and sectoral policies and regulations,
environmental quality and pollutants discharge/emission standards, technical guidelines,
cleaner production directives.
Of particular importance is the wastewater discharge standards for pulp and paper sector
(GB3544-2008) promulgated in 2008. Table 2 of the standards, effective on July 1st, 2011,
specifies more stringent effluent discharge limits for conventional pollutant parameters, and
introduces AOX and dioxins indicators, as presented in Table 4.
5
Table 1 Relevant Chinese Environmental Laws and Regulations
Title Relevant article
Environmental Protection
Law of the People's Republic
of China
Pollutants discharger must meet certain national or local standards. EIA must be prepared for new development project and submitted for review and
approval by responsible environmental authority. No commencement of construction before the approval. Environmental protection work must be
planned for enterprises that produce pollution. New industrial development or technical renovation must adopt new equipment or technologies that use
resource more efficiently and discharge less pollutants. Pollutants. Pollution control facilities shall be designed, built and put into use simultaneously
with the production facilities (“Three Simultaneous”) and shall be inspected before being issued with completion acceptance.
Circular Economy Promotion
Law of the People’s Republic
of China
The country closely monitors and supervises the water and energy consumption of paper making industry. The state council, in together with national
environmental authority and others, regularly issue list of technologies, equipments, materials and products that will be encouraged, limited or
eliminated.
Law of the People’s Republic
of China on the Promotion of
Cleaner Production
The country enforces phase-out of obsolete production technologies, equipment and products. New, renovation or expansion project shall carry out
EIA that must evaluate resource consumption and use, recycling and waste treatment. Resource efficient and pollution reduction processes shall be
given priority. Enterprises shall monitoring resource consumption and pollution producing and take cleaner production audit as needed.
Law of the People's Republic
of China on Environmental
Impact Assessment
Environmental impact assessment refers to analysis, prediction and evaluation of the environmental impacts as result of implementation of plans and
constructions projects. In addition, prevention or mitigation plans or measures shall be developed, and follow-up and monitoring shall be conducted.
6
Table 2 Relevant Paper Sector Policies
Title Relevant policies and rules
Policy on Wastewater
Pollution Control
Technology in Straw Pulp
Papermaking Industry
II. Control target
6. According to the principle of integrating development with environmental protection and given the properties of NWPM wastewater treatment,
pollution treatment of NWPM enterprises need to be above certain size: 34,000t pulp/a for newly constructed wheat straw pulping enterprises, 50,000t
pulp/a for other NWPM enterprises; while 17,000t/a is the minimum size required for the construction of alkali recovery facilities for alkaline chemical
pulping mills.
III. Technical measures
8. For technical transformation and pollution treatment, papermaking enterprises shall use clean production technologies that consume less energy
and has a lower pollution load; the technology threshold shall be raised, for instance, straw pulp raw materials that contain less silicon and more fiber
are preferable.
9. For technical transformation and pollution treatment, papermaking enterprises shall use clean production technologies that consume less energy
and has a lower pollution load. Straw pulp raw materials having a lower silicon content and a higher fiber content shall be used; automatic baling
technique, lean-chlorine or chlorine-free bleaching technology shall be employed.
National Implementation
Plan of the People’s
Republic of China for
Stockholm Convention on
Persistent Organic
Pollutants
China has been performing unintentional POPs monitoring in chlorophene derivatives, tetrachlorobenzoquinone, chlorobenzene, wastewater treatment,
cement, iron & steel, papermaking, medical waste incineration, etc., and papermaking (chlorine bleaching) has been included in key industries to be
firstly put under control. This plan proposes the action targets of reducing and eliminating unintentional POPs release and analyzes the gap with POPs
Convention and necessary measures to be taken. Meanwhile, the stress is laid on the implementation of BAT/BEP management system.
Development Policy of
Papermaking Industry
Article 21 The emphases of pulping and papermaking equipment R&D are: research and development of new processes, new technologies, and
new equipment that use non-wood raw materials for pulping and papermaking, particularly the development of straw pulp alkali recovery technologies
and equipment; water-saving and energy-saving technologies and equipment.
Article 22 Technologies of papermaking industry shall develop toward high level, low energy consumption, and less pollution. It should be
encouraged to develop high yield pulping technologies, biotechnologies, low-pollution pulping technologies, moderate enriching technologies,
elemental chlorine free (ECF) or totally chorine free (TCF) bleaching technologies, low energy-consumption mechanical pulping technologies,
7
high-efficiency waste paper deinking technologies, and associated equipment.
Article 23 Pulping technologies and equipment such as chemical straw pulp production facilities and rotary spherical digester with an annual
output of 34,000t or less shall be deselected; narrow width and low-speed papermaking machines known to be high energy-consuming and of low-level
shall also be deselected. Lime process pulping shall be prohibited and new projects are not allowed to use elemental chlorine bleaching technique
(existing enterprises shall phase out this technique). It is forbidden to import deselected and outdated second-hand pulping equipment.
Table 3 Relevant domestic environmental standards
Standard title Enforceable as of Main contents
Environmental Quality Standard
for Surface Water
(GB 3838-2002)
June 1, 2002
This standard, on the basis of environmental function category and protection target of surface water, specifies the items and
limit values to be controlled for water environment quality; it also defines the analysis method of water quality assessment
and water quality items and stipulates the implementation and supervision of this standard. It is applicable to surface water
bodies serving certain purposes like river, lake, canal, channel, and water reservoir within the borders of the P. R. China.
Ambient Air Quality Standard
(GB 3095-1996) October 1, 1996
This standard defines the classification of ambient air quality function area, standard class, pollutants, measuring time &
concentration limits, sampling & analysis method, and validity of statistics. It is applicable to ambient air quality assessment
in China.
Environmental Quality
Standard for Soils
(GB 15618-1995)
March 1, 1996
This standard specifies the allowable maximum pollutant concentration indices in soil and the monitoring and measuring
methods according to the function, the protection targets, and the main properties of the soil. This standard applies to soils of
cultivated field, vegetable field, tea plantation, orchard, pasture, forest, and natural reserve.
Discharge Standard of Water
Pollutants for Pulp and Paper
Industry
(GB 3544-2008)
August 1, 2008
This standard sets pollutant discharge limit values for pulping and papermaking enterprises or their production facilities. In
addition to water pollutant discharge limit values for existing and newly constructed enterprises; this standard has also
specified special water pollutant discharge limit values for places where special precautions are needed in order to avoid
serious water environment pollution. Water pollutants dealt with in this standard include pH-value, chromaticity, suspended
substance, BOD, COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, absorbable organic halogens (AOX), and dioxin.
This standard also includes the criteria for water pollutant concentration measurement methods.
8
Table 4: National discharge standards (Table 2, GB3544-2008)applicable to the project
Parameters Units
Water discharge t/ t product
(absolutely dry pulp)
pH /
Chroma Times
SS mg/L
BOD5 mg/L
CODcr mg/L
NH3-N mg/L
TN mg/L
TP mg/L
AOX-workshop mg/L
Dioxins-workshop pgTEq/L
4.2 World Bank Safeguard Policies and Environment, Health and Safety (EHS)
Guidelines
Two safeguard policies are applicable to the project as result of the environmental and social
screening during the project preparation, i.e. OP4.01 Environmental Assessment and OP4.12
Involuntary Resettlement. Since the project supported BAT/BEP activities are taken place
within an existing mill, mostly it is not anticipated that any natural habitats, physical cultural
resources or other policy issues will be involved.
OP4.12 was triggered because of the four existing project mills, i.e. Nanning Pumiao Mill,
had a piece of barren and hilly land (about 80 mu, equivalent to 5.3 hectares) taken in 2010
before the project identification. As the land was later been used for its BAT/BEP investment
activities, the World Bank’s OP 4.12 was triggered. A due diligence review for this piece of
land was conducted and a due diligence review report was prepared during the project
preparation. The mill has dropped from the project.
The World Bank EHS Guidelines on pulp and paper sector provide comprehensive design,
operation and waste management measures and performance levels that are generally
considered to be achievable in new facilities by existing technology at reasonable costs.
Application of the EHS guidelines to existing facilities may involve the establishment of
site-specific measures, with appropriate timetable for achieving them.
A comparison key measures that should be adopted by the project and the EHS Guidelines is
presented in Chapter 3. Of particular importance, the EHS Guidelines explicitly indicate that
when Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF) or Total Chlorine Free (TCF) bleaching technologies
are used, the concentrations of dioxins and furans in the effluents are below the detection
limits. The proposed project is in line with this principle.
A comparison of the EHS effluent guidelines and Chinese standards on wastewater discharge
from pulp and paper mill (Table 2 of GB3544-2008) has been carried out. It is noted that for
9
most wastewater discharge parameters, the Chinese standards are expressed as pollutant
concentrations (mg/L) and the EHS Guidelines are expressed as pollutant mass flow rates
(kg/ton of air dry pulp1). As each of the mill has a different “wastewater-to-pulp production”
rate, mill specific comparison was made and presented in Chapter 5 Impact assessment and
mitigation measures. However, an initial comparison can be made using the maximum
allowed wastewater discharge per dry pulp produced as indicated in the Chinese standards, as
is shown in Table 5a.
Table 5a Comparison between EHS effluent guidelines and GB3544-2008, Table 2
Parameters Units GB3544-2008, Table 2
Non-wood
World Bank EHS Guidelines [Non-wood, Annex B-Table 1(l)]
pH 6~9 6~9
color Times 50 /
TSS kg/Adt 1.62 2
BOD5 kg/Adt 1.08 2
CODcr kg/Adt 4.86 30
NH3-N kg/Adt 0.43 /
T-N kg/Adt 0.65 0.5
T-P kg/Adt 0.04 0.05
AOX-Workshop kg/Adt 0.65 /
Dioxin-Workshop TEQ ng/Adt 1.62 /
Wastewater
discharge* t/Adt 54 50
* The EHS Effluent Guidelines does not include in the wastewater discharge the cooling water and other clean
water while the national standards do. Since cooling water and other clean water are recycled in the mills to the
extent possible, resulting very small amount of final discharge (1-2 m3/Adt) into the wastewater system.
Therefore the comparison is the considered made on the same basis.
It is noted from the comparison study that the applicable non-wood EHS effluent guidelines
does not have requirements on dioxins or AOX. The results show that generally the Chinese
GB3544-2008 standards are more stringent than the EHS effluent guidelines, except that the
Total Nitrogen (TN) and wastewater discharge slightly surpass the EHS effluent guidelines.
Mill specific comparison of the discharge compliance is presented in the impact assessment
chapter.
Further, a study on international dioxins standards for pulp production is conducted. Table 5b
shows that the Chinese dioxin standard is comparable with internal standards for the pulp
sector in general.
Table 5b Comparison of Chinese and International Dioxin Standards for Pulp Production
Country Dioxin Effluent Standard
Canada* 15 pg/L;
1 air dry pulp refers to dry pulp that is 90% dry
10
USA** TCDD 10 pg/L; TCDF 31.9 pg/L
EU *** no specific limit values; ECF “eliminates 2,3, 7, 8 TCDD/F to non detectable limits
World Bank
Group****
No specific limit values. ECF processes are acceptable and will bring TCDD/TCDF
below detection limits.
* Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Chlorinated Dioxins and Furans Regulations (SOR/92-267); Reference Method
for the Determination of Polychlorinated Dibenzoparadioxins (PCDD) and Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans
(PCDF) in Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents (Report EPS 1/RM/19, 1991)
** USEPA, 40 CFR Parts 63, 261, and 430 (Effluent Guidelines - Pulp and Paper Rulemaking Actions - Final
Pulp and Paper Cluster Rule)
*** EU, 2001, Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPCC Directive).
**** World Bank Group, Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Pulp and Paper Sector
For air emissions, the assessment should addresses a review of actual monitoring data of the
malodorous gases, Particulate Matters (PM), SO2 and NOx in the process gases (recovery
boiler) and flue gases (steam/power generation boilers). Several relevant EHS emissions
guidelines should be used for the comparison, including the Pulp and Paper Guidelines for
process gases emitted from recovery boilers, EHS General Guidelines for boilers whose total
rated heat input capacity is less than 50MWt; and EHS Thermal Power Plants Guidelines for
boilers whose total rated heat input capacity is more than 50MWt.
For noises, noises from mechanical equipment such as vacuum pump, transport and
other physical activities should be compared against applicable national and EHS Guidelines
as well.
5 Potential Environmental and Social Impacts
5.1 Typical Non-wood Pulping Processes
The non-wood pulping process varies slightly depending on the type of raw materials. Figures
1to 4 show the flowchart of pulping process of bamboo, bagasse, straw, and reed.
11
Figure 1 Typical Process Flowchart of Bamboo Pulping Process
Figure 2 Typical Process Flowchart of Bagasse Pulping Process
12
Figure 3 Typical Process Flowchart of Straw Pulping Process
Figure 4 Typical Process Flowchart of Reed Pulping Process
13
5.2 Environmental and Social Impacts
Waste streams from a pulp and paper mills normally include wastewater, air emissions and
solid wastes, as described in below.
Wastewater discharge before and after the project. The primary driver for pulp and paper mills
to implement the project is to ensure compliance with the more stringent national wastewater
discharge standards for pulp and paper sector (Table 2, GB3544-2008), as discussed in Table
4 of in Chapter 4. The standard listed elevated requirements for COD, NH3-N, water
consumption and dioxins. Through implementing ECF based technical upgrading, the mills
will be able to substantially avoid or reduce the generation of dioxins that otherwise can be
produced in the elemental chlorine based bleaching process. The overall wastewater effluent
quality should be improved through the application of Stockholm Convention BAT/BEP.
Solid waste. The typical solid wastes produced in pulp and paper mills include residuals from
raw materials preparation process, white sludge (lime mud) produced in the alkali recovery
process, wastewater treatment sludge, and other residuals and wastes from production process.
These wastes are non-hazardous in accordance with national standards and the EHS
Guidelines; and are either recycled in the mills or disposed of safety in line with relevant
regulations. Other potentially hazardous wastes, such as chemical residues or grease are very
small in terms amount. Classification, segregation and disposal of the hazardous wastes are
carried out in line with relevant regulations.
Air emissions. Stockholm Convention BAT/BEP on pulp and paper mills normally do not
address air emissions. Nevertheless, considering the overall environmental compliance and
the World Bank EHS guideline requirements, the air emission assessment should addresses
malodorous gases, Particulate Matters (PM), SO2 and NOx in the process gases (recovery
boiler) and flue gases (steam/power generation boilers).
Noises. Noises from mechanical equipment such as vacuum pump, transport and other
physical activities should be effectively mitigated through engineering and other reduction
measures.
Emergency prevention and response. Risks associated with pulp and paper mills’ operation
include a) the accidental leakage of black liquid and cooking liquid, b) releases of chemicals
such as methanol, c) accidental breakdown of waste management system, and d) fire or
explosion. Risk prevention and mitigation measures and emergency response should be built
into mills’ regular management system and the project EMPs.
EHS management system. Comprehensive environmental, health and safety mangment
system is critical for the operation of any pulp and paper mills. These include an
environmental and safety office with dedicated staff, environmental management and
occupational safety regulations, operational monitoring and emergency management plan etc.
14
6. Procedures to Address Environmental and Social Issues
6.1 Environmental and Social Screening (Step 1)
Pulp and Paper mills to be supported for FSR development under the project will be
identified through environmental and social screening, technical and financial
performance evaluation. Only those mills that meet the conditions set out in the
eligibility criteria in this ESMF will be funded.
The project is assigned Category A for environmental purpose, given the nature and
potential scale of the project’s potential impacts. Experiences learnt from the
already-appraised mills show that normally BAT/BEP based technical renovations
take place within a mill and close to other production processes. Workshop for
accommodating new process equipment can be built within or next to existing
buildings in a mill.
Therefore, it is not expected that any mill to be supported by the project will involve
additional land acquisition, natural habitats or physical cultural resources issues. If the
environmental and social screening practices for a specific mill indicate any such
safeguard policies may be triggered, the mill is not eligible for the project.
Annex 1 to this EMSF provides an environmental and social screening form for identify
safeguard policy issues and determination of needed safeguard instrument.
FECO will be responsible for filling the form and submit to the World Bank for review and
clearance, as part of its evaluation report of mill selection.
6.2 Preparing Environmental and Social Documents (Step 2)
Annex 2 provides a generic terms of reference (TOR) for EA preparation. Annex 3
provides a generic EMP. The two documents are guidance on how to prepare
environmental impact assessment (EIA) and environmental management plan (EMP)
for specific pulp and paper mills.
The EA should include the following aspects:
Task 1: Project Description and Environmental Screening;
Task 2: Review of Legal and Regulation Framework
Task 3: Review of Current Mill Operation, its Environmental, Health and
Safety (EHS) Management System and Performance
Task 4: Alternative Analysis
Task 5: Environmental and Social Baseline
Task 6: Project Environmental Impact Assessment and Mitigation
15
Task 7: Information Disclosure and Public Consultation
Task 8: Environmental Management Plan
FECO will work with selected pulp and paper mills to engage qualified environmental
impact assessment consultant to prepare the EIA and EMP.
6.3 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure (Step 3)
There are two documents to be considered for public consultation and disclosure: this
ESMF document and future EIAs and EMPs. FECO has discussed with China Paper
Association and provincial Environmental Protection Departments to discuss the
ESMF. A summary of these discussions, and suggested ESMF modifications have
been incorporated into the ESMF. The full draft ESMF was disclosed at the website of
FECO on June 20, 2016.
In future when specific mills are identified and in the course of EA preparation, draft
EIA and EMP should be locally disclosed and public consolation should be carried out
in accordance with domestic EIA law and OP4.01. Since the project is assigned
Category A, at least two rounds of public consultation should be carried out, i.e. (1)
TORs stage and (2) after draft EIA is available. People to be consulted should include
local affected communities/institutions/business, local governments, plant workers etc.
The means of consultation should cover public meetings, individual interviews and
questionnaire survey. The EIA and EMP should be fully disclosed locally and at the
Bank’s InfoShop.
6.4 Review and Approval (Step 4)
Within the project management framework, FECO will be responsible for review and
approval of all EIA and EMP. As per Chinese EIA law, local environmental protection
bureau will be responsible for the review and approval of the EIA as well. The Bank
will review and provide clearance to the EIA and EMP if the quality is satisfactory to
the Bank safeguard requirements.
Designed BAT/BEP investment should not start prior to the approval of the EIA and
EMP by FECO, the World Bank and local environmental protection bureaus.
6.5 Implementation (Step 5)
The selected mills will be responsible for the implementation of its specific EMP. The
selected mill, in turn, will require the construction contractor to be response for
mitigation and monitoring activities during construction.
7 Grievance Redress Mechanism
Grievance redress refers the mechanism to receive and facilitate resolution of affected
peoples’ concerns, complaints, and grievances about the project’s performance,
including concerning environmental and social impacts and issues. The grievance
mechanism should address affected people's concerns and complaints promptly, using
16
a transparent process that is responsive, culturally appropriate, and readily accessible
to all segments of the affected people at no costs and without retribution. The
mechanism should not impede access to the country’s judicial or administrative
remedies. The redress mechanism should be communicated to the communities and
included in relevant project documents. A mill specific grievance redress mechanism
should be included in the EMP of a selected mill.
8 Institutional Arrangement and Capacity Building
FECO: FECO as the central PMO will take overall responsibility for conducting
selection and evaluation of candidate mills based their technical and financial
performance and environmental and social track records. FECO will also in
collaboration with selected pulp and paper mills to select consultants for the
preparation of FSR and environmental assessment documents. FECO has built a
dedicated project management team to manage the project including safeguards
aspects.
Pulp and Paper Mills: The mills have the duty to conform to the latest national or
local discharge standards for dioxin and other conventional pollutants and carry out
necessary BAT/BEP technical renovation. Prior to BAT/BEP renovation, the mill shall
work with FECO to hire EIA consultant to prepare EIA and EMP. Technical
renovation can only start after the EIA and EMP have been reviewed and approved by
environmental protection authority. The mills also need to make available to the
public the BAT/BEP renovation content, the expected degree of clean production after
renovation, the potential impacts and mitigation measures. Environmental information
shall be disclosed to the public in a timely fashion during the course of construction
and operation. Mills are obliged to carry out environmental protection works and
measures as suggested in the approved EIA report and shall ensure the proper
operation of environmental protection facilities.
EIA Consultant. An environmental impact assessment agency shall perform EIA
pursuant to state laws, regulations, policies, and relevant administrative requirements
and Bank safeguards policies. An EIA consultant shall analyze and describe, in a
scientific and professional manner, potential environmental and social impacts the
BAT/BEP plan taken by mills and shall propose feasible mitigation measures to
manage negative environmental and social impacts and risks.
17
Annex 1 Environmental and Social Screening Form
Screening Form for Potential Environmental & Social Safeguards Issues
This form is to be used by the Implementing Agency for to screen potential environmental
and social safeguards issues of proposed BAT/BEP renovation for a candidate mill, Bank policies
triggered, determine mill eligibility, and the instrument to be prepared for the mill.
Subproject Name
Subproject Location
Subproject Proponent
Start/Completion Date
Questions Answer If Yes
WB Policy
triggered
Documents
requirement if
Yes yes no
Are the proposed BAT/BEP technical renovation
likely to have potentially significant adverse
environmental and social impacts that are
sensitive2
, diverse of unprecedented? Please
provide a brief description.
OP 4.01
Environmental Assessment
EIA and EMP
Will the proposed BAT/BEP technical renovation
adversely impact physical cultural resources?3
Please provide brief justification:
OP 4.11 Physical
Cultural Resources
If Yes, the mill
is not eligible
Will the proposed BAT/BEP technical renovation
involve the conversion or degradation of
non-critical natural habitats? Please provide brief
justification:
OP 4.04 Natural
Habitats
If Yes, the
sub-project is not
eligible
Will the proposed BAT/BEP technical renovation
involve the significant conversion or degradation
of critical natural habitats4?
OP 4.04 Natural
Habitats
If Yes, the
sub-project is not
eligible
Does the proposed BAT/BEP technical renovation
involve procurement of pesticides (either directly
through the project, or indirectly through
on-lending, co-financing, or government
counterpart funding), or may affect pest
management in a way that harm could be done,
even though the project is not envisaged to
procure pesticides?
OP4.09 Pest
Management
If Yes, the
sub-project is not
eligible
2 Sensitive (i.e., a potential impact is considered sensitive if it may be irreversible - e.g., lead to loss of
a major natural habitat, or raise issues covered by OP 4.04, Natural Habitats; OP 4.36, Forests; OP 4.10,
Indigenous Peoples; OP 4.11, Physical Cultural Resources; or OP 4.12, Involuntary Resettlement; or in
the case of OP 4.09, when a project includes the manufacture, use, or disposal of environmentally
significant quantities of pest control products); 3 Examples of physical cultural resources are archaeological or historical sites, including historic urban
areas, religious monuments, structures and/or cemeteries particularly sites recognized by the
government. 4 Subprojects that significantly convert or degrade critical natural habitats such as legally protected,
officially proposed for protection, identified by authoritative sources for their high conservation value,
or recognized as protected by traditional local communities, are ineligible for Bank financing.
18
Does the proposed BAT/BEP technical renovation
involve involuntary land acquisition, loss of assets
or access to assets, or loss of income sources or
means of livelihood? Please provide brief
justification:
OP 4.12
Involuntary Resettlement
If Yes, the
sub-project is not
eligible
Are there any ethnic minority communities present
in the candidate mill area and are likely to be
affected by the proposed sub-project negatively or
positively? Please provide brief justification:
OP 4.10
Indigenous
People
If Yes, the
sub-project is not
eligible
Will the proposed BAT/BEP technical renovation
have the potential to have impacts on the health
and quality of forests or the rights and welfare of
people and their level of dependence upon or
interaction with forests; or aims to bring about
changes in the management, protection or
utilization of natural forests or plantations? Please
provide brief justification:
OP4.36 Forestry
If Yes, the
sub-project is not
eligible
Will the proposed BAT/BEP technical renovation
have the potential to have significant impacts or
significant conversion or degradation of critical
natural forests or other natural habitats?
OP4.36 Forestry
If Yes, the
sub-project is not
eligible
Conclusion and Safeguards Instruments Required:
The proposed BAT/BEP technical renovation for the mill is eligible or ineligible, and the
following safeguards instruments will be prepared:
1. _______________________________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
19
Annex 2 Generic Terms of Reference for Environmental Assessment
1. Background
The National Implementation Plan (NIP) of the People’s Republic of China for Stockholm
Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants has listed pulping and papermaking industry as one of the
country’s six priority industries for POPs reduction. Due to the scarcity of timber resources, non-wood
fiber pulping enterprises take a considerable proportion in this sector in China. Lack of Best Available
Technologies sand Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP) for small scale non-wood pulp and paper
mills has been identified as a key barrier for the sector to control unintended POPs (UPOPs) releases,
as well as to improve the sector’s overall environmental performance. In order to help China implement
its responsibility under the Convention, achieve reduction of UPOPs and other pollutants and
eventually facilitate the sustainable development of the sector, Ministry of Environmental Protection
(MEP) and the World Bank (WB) are working together to implement UPOPs reduction from non-wood
pulping and papermaking sector through promoting BAT/BEP. In accordance with PRC Environmental
Impact Assessment Law and World Bank operational policies and procedures, environmental
assessment is required for the application of BAT/BEP at participating pulp and paper mills.
2. Objective
The objective of the program is to help each participating mill prepare or revise the Environmental
Impact Assessment and Environmental Management Plan in a manner that is satisfactory to China’s
national regulations as well the World Bank safeguard policies and procedures as well.
Note: The EA ToR should be specific to each participating mill to meet its specific conditions and
BAT/BEP requirements, and s
3. Scope of Work
The proposed BAT/BEP activities of the mill may include: raw material pretreatment, renovation
of pulping, installing O2 and ClO2 production system; decommissioning of existing pulping system and
other applicable Stockholm Convention BAT/BEP.
Task 1: Project Description and Environmental Screening:
Project Description: Clearly spell out what the existing facilities and processes are, what specific
changes are proposed under the project (technical process and facilities both), and what new facilities
will be added and what facilities will be decommissioned. Well-designed flow charts are needed to
present such information.
Environmental screening and scoping: including impacts associated with operational and
construction stages as well. The potential impacts of the BAT/BEP application upon the natural
environment, ecological environment and social environment are to be identified based on the relevant
general environmental impacts of the mill activities and POPs-specific environmental impacts.
Following the screening, identify assessment scope of the EIA, the pattern and scale of certain impacts.
Identify key project environmental impacts and risks, such as the characteristic pollutants, hazardous
and those sensitive to the environment, health and safety.
Based on project content and its environmental screening and scoping, this chapter shall indicate
the area of influence of the mill activities, the EIA category (Category A), EA document type (an EIA,
an EMP and an Executive Summary).
Good quality map of the project location and paper mill layout shall be included.
20
Task 2: Review of Legal and Regulation Framework:
Domestic: Environmental protection, circular economy, clean production, EIA, water pollution
control, hazardous material management, discharge fee, industrial/sector development policy,
environmental standards, technical guidelines, etc.
World Bank: OP4.01 Environmental Assessment and screening of other World Bank safeguards
policies and procedures; Information Disclosure; World Bank Group Environmental Health and Safety
Guidelines: including the General Guideline and specific guideline for Pulp and Paper Mills.
A review on the comparison between China National Standard: Pulp and Paper Water Pollution
Discharge Standard GB3544-2008 and other international standards, including EU, HELCOM=17/9,
US, Germany, etc shall be included in this chapter.
A review on the punishment methodology on exceeding-standard discharge shall be included in
this chapter, including review of the Condition 74 of PRC Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law
and relevant Ningxia regional/local regulations, if any, in this respect.
A review of national and provincial or local financial/policy support to encourage such BAT/BEP
practices shall be included in this chapter.
Task 3: Review of Current Mill Operation, its Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS)
Management System and Performance
An overall and systematic review of the current production process of the mill, using well
designed flow chart, to demonstrate all the material balance and waste streams throughout the process.
Good quality map and photos are needed.
Then the EIA shall review the treatment of all these wastes, and verify the compliance status with
applicable national regulations and standards. A quantitative review of the waste generation and
discharge is needed (including dioxin if information available)
The EIA shall also review the environmental, safety and health management system and capacity
of the project mill, in terms of its institutional arrangement, current performance, monitoring and
compliance status, environmental protection budget, any certification obtained such as ISO14001
obtained, safety emergency response procedure. If any gap is identified, then specific capacity building
measures shall be built in the EMP of the project.
Task 4: Alternative Analysis
EIA will need to describe alternative analysis in terms of comparisons between “with and without
project” scenario, applicable technologies relevant to BAT/BEP and dioxins reduction, compatibility
with national, industrial, local and sector development plans, different resource conservation and waste
control strategies, and technical designs.
Alternative analysis on substitute technologies, and waste control and/or resource saving measures
shall be addressed, through comprehensive comparison of environmental, social, technical and
economic considerations.
Task 5: Environmental and Social Baseline
The EIA shall provide clear description of the ambient environment of the project, including
natural, ecological and social-economics, using good quality maps and photos to present the current
surrounding environment of the project site, in particular water quality situation of effluent receiving
water body. Sensitive receptors, if any, such as the nearby households, receiving water bodies,
21
protected areas, shall be clearly described and mapped.
Task 6: Project Environmental Impact Assessment and Mitigation
Based on the review of the existing operations, the renovation shall be described in detail with the
specific changes: what new process will adopted, what new facilities will be required, what the waste
streams will be, and what the discharge level and amount of waste are foreseen during furture operation.
These data will be used to demonstrate the environmental benefits of BAT/BEP (reduction of discharge
level and total amount) compared with the existing operation.
Analysis should be made as to the potential impacts after the application of BAT/BEP, including
the change in release of TSS, COD/BOD, ammonia nitrogen, AOX and Dioxins and other pollutants
and the change in consumption of raw materials and resources; in addition, prediction should be made
about the trend of the environmental impacts. This should include any significant impacts on the
ambient environment including potential downstream effects as well as cumulative impacts with in the
area of influence of the project.
Construction impacts shall be addressed too. The EIA shall address the potential impacts related to
decommissioning, including proper handling of dismantlement, transportation, disposal of
material/waste. Special attention should be given to hazardous waste/materials if any.
The EIA shall address the potential impacts (or demonstrate no impact) on nearby sensitive sites,
e.g. residential areas.
Besides normal operation, the EIA shall also address the accidental break-down scenario in terms
of potential pollution emissions, impacts and mitigation measures.
Note: in additional to typical environmental impacts, this chapter shall clearly spell out the health
and safety considerations.
Task 7: Information Disclosure and Public Consultation
Two rounds of public consultation as per World Bank policy OP4.01 and national regulations are
needed, i.e. (1) TORs stage and (2) after draft EIA is available. People to be consulted: local affected
communities/institutions/business, local governments, plant workers etc. Means of consultation: public
meetings, individual interviews and questionnaire survey.
Information disclosure: initial disclosure of project information and potential environmental issues
on newspaper, second disclosure of full draft EIA/EMP reports with newspaper announcement. Internet
information disclosures are encouraged.
It is important to record the details of these two rounds of consultation in the EIA report (the
consultation process, i.e. date, locations, number/type of people participated, key issues raised and how
these issues are addressed in EIA and the project design). The draft EIA shall be disclosed in publicly
accessible places (e.g. local government and/or internet) with announcement published through local
newspaper.
Task 8: Environmental Management Plan
Note: A stand-alone Environmental Management Plan report needs to be prepared. A summary of
the EMP needs to be included in the EIA report.
EMP will serve as a tool for the paper mill to ensure effective environmental management during
project construction and operation, as well as a tool for the Bank to supervise the environmental
performance of the project mill.
The EMP includes the following aspects: implementation arrangement, mitigation measures and
22
the schedule coordinated with operation and construction, institutional responsibilities(environmental
management and supervision organization setup, institutional arrangements for each party involved,
responsibilities and staff capacity requirements); for implementation, environmental supervision and
monitoring program, and trainings of related personnel in pollution control, monitoring technologies,
environmental management budget, training and capacity building plan. Occupational health, safety
issues, emergency response procedures shall also be included in the EMP.
The mitigation measures are suggested to be grouped into the following parts:
1. Impacts that require mitigation measures related to the operation of the new technology
including future EMS and safety considerations.
2. Impacts and measures related to decommissioning of old facilitites.
3. Remedial measures and/or environment management measures to address pre-existing
impacts that should be addressed in the future to ensure full environmental compliance or improve
environmental performance. These will include measures to strengthen the existing environmental
management system (EMS) based on the review of EMS and proposed mitigation activities so
that the EMS could function effectively to address EM issues after the BAT/BEP adoption.
In particular, the monitoring plan for dioxins, as part of the project component, shall be clearly
referenced in the EMP.
23
Annex 3 Generic Environmental Management Mitigation Measures
I. Measures to Mitigate Environmental Impact in Design Stage
Table 1 Measures to Mitigate Environmental Impact in Design Stage
Activity Impact Measures Implem
entation
Supervision
Party
Monitoring
Party
Pulp making bleaching Water
pollution Apply ECF bleaching technology
P&P
Mill / /
Waste water discharged from
waste water treatment station
Water
pollution
Treated with preliminary sedimentation pool+ regulation pool +selection
pool+ aeration pool+ secondary sedimentation pool+ coagulative
precipitation pool
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
Monitoring
Station
Final effluent of waste water Water
pollution
Waste water emitted from waste water treatment station after meeting the
requirements in GB 3544-2001 “Discharge standard of water pollutants for
paper making industry” shall enter oxidation pond for further treatment.
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
Monitoring
Station
Emission of smoke from alkali
furnace
Air
pollution
Current alkali recovery system is equipped with three alkali liquor furnace,
the dust in the smoke from 1 # and 2# alkali recovery furnace is removed
through 3-electric field, and the dust in the smoke from 3# alkali recovery
furnace is removed through spraying, washing and water film method.
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
Monitoring
Station
Emission of dust of raw materials Air
pollution
The dust is removed through precipitator, wheat straw and dust enter duct
collection room for temporary storage and are sent to reuse
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
/
Emission of waste gas from
chlorine dioxide preparation
workshop
Air
pollution
This technical renovation programme used R8 to produce chlorine dioxide,
the process is simple; the equipments are mature, easy to operation and
regulate. The tail gas after washing in chlorine dioxide absorption tower is
little. And nearly no pollutants will be generated during preparation process.
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
/
Fugitive emission of waste gas Air The coal in the factory is stored outdoor, and the measure of spraying is P&P Environmental /
24
Activity Impact Measures Implem
entation
Supervision
Party
Monitoring
Party
pollution conducted to prevent dust in coal yard. Mill Protection
Bureau
Raw materials scraps generated in
Material preparation workshop,
pulp residues generated in pulp
making section, white mud, green
mud and a small amount of lime
residue generated in alkali
recovery section, sludge generated
in waste water treatment station
SW (Solid
waste)
pollution
Raw materials scraps and dust is used as fertilizer; pulp residues is used in
paper making workshop; white mud is temporarily stored in SW storage
yard and planned to be used as desulfurizer; green mud and lime residue is
land-filled, household waste is transported by environmental health
department; sludge generated in waste water treatment station is used as
fertilizer in forest base.
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
/
The operation of equipments
generating noise such as
chaff-cutter, grass chopper, pump
and millstone in material
preparation section
Noise
Pollution
1. equipments with low noise level shall be used to reduce noise from the
source; assign equipments with noise reasonably, separate low noise area
from high noise area; place equipment with high noise level away from
office area and residential area to reduce the impact of noise.
2. Strengthen the maintenance of mechanical equipment, and take sound
insulation and sound-proofing measures on mechanical equipments as major
noise sources. Install silencer on air hoses according to the spectral
characteristics of noise. For key noise sources like air blower room, se noise
elimination measure such as noise insulation room or green belt noise
insulation screen can be taken under the condition without influencing
operation. For pumps or electrical machines, shock absorption measures
shall be taken.
3. The noise control in workshop shall refer to the allowable noise level
standard of special workshops to select equipments or change working time.
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
Monitoring
Station
25
Activity Impact Measures Implem
entation
Supervision
Party
Monitoring
Party
Sound insulation operation room can be set up when conditions permit.
Workers working in high noise level environment shall wear necessary
protection tools and reduce working hours according to stipulation of labor
protection standards.
4. Submersible sewage pump shall be used for waste water pump and sludge
pump.
5. Transportation of sludge shall comply with specified transportation lines
and time to reduce the impact of transportation noise on area near
transportation lines.
6. Green belts shall be set in factory or at factory boundary. Plant
broad-leave tree species at factory boundary and increase the height of
factory wall thus to reduce noise.
II Measures to Mitigate Environmental Impact in Construction Period
Table 2 Measures to Mitigate Environmental Impact in Construction Period
Activity Impact Measures
Constr
uction
party
Supervision
Party
Monitoring
Party
Dust from dismantling and transportation
of waste or old equipments and facilities,
site smoothing and clearing, piling,
excavation and backfill of earth and stone,
Dust,
tail gas,
and
volatile
1. During dismantling and transportation of waste or old equipments and
facilities, land excavation and drilling, water shall be sprayed at dry land
of dismantling, excavation and drilling area to maintain certain humidity;
during earth and stone backfill, water shall be sprayed at dry surface earth
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
Monitoring
Station
26
Activity Impact Measures
Constr
uction
party
Supervision
Party
Monitoring
Party
road pouring, movement of construction
equipments, loading and unloading,
transportation and storage of contraction
materials, tail gas from all types of
mechanical equipments and transportation
vehicles; volatile gas from the painting
and coating used in construction period
gas to prevent dust during backfill operation.
2. Transport waste such as soil in time, solid road surface and spray
regularly.
3. The vehicles transporting construction materials and dismantled waste
such as lime, cement, earth and stone, construction garbage and
dismantled waste shall be in good conditions, be covered tightly with
canvas, be loaded too fully thus to ensure no dropping during
transportation. Closed tank truck shall be used to transport dry cement to
cement storage warehouse through closed system.
4. Transportation vehicles is prohibited to overload shall move at low
speed or under limited speed to reduce dust. Transportation roads in
construction area shall be cleaned and washed in time.
5. Regularly wash the wheel and under-pan of vehicles to reduce the soil
left on land. The soil left on land during transportation shall be cleared in
time to prevent much dust in road and thus reduce the dust during vehicles
transportation.
6. Use semi-finished products, finished products such as commercial
concert, commercial (wet) cement and pre-cast cement parts as much as
possible, reduce use of dry cement, reduce the use and storage of coarse
materials (sand, cement, etc) easy to generate dust.
7. Avoid outdoor storage of materials easy to generate dust. Concrete
mixing plant shall be set indoor. Cement and other fine particle materials
shall be stored in warehouse or covered tightly.
27
Activity Impact Measures
Constr
uction
party
Supervision
Party
Monitoring
Party
8. It is suggested that closed construction method is used and set screen at
the construction boundary which not only prevent the entry of irrelevant
people, but play the role of noise insulation, dust prevention and reducing
visual pollution.
9. In case of weather with 4th
scale wind or above, dismantling and
excavation work shall be stopped.
10. Strengthen the maintenance of mechanical equipments and vehicles,
do not use poor fuel, ensure no black smoke of incomplete combusted is
emitted and tail gas is emitted after meeting requirements.
11. Construction unit and unit undertaking the project shall assign
necessary full-time or part-time environmental protection supervisor,
responsible for supervising the implementation of air pollution prevention
and treatment measures, and properly solveing problems in time.
Dismantling,earth and stone work,
foundation, structure and fitment, etc
Noise 1. set the fixed noise sources with noise level above 80dB(A) such as air
compressor, electronic saw in room and the room’s sound insulation effect
shall be better than 15dB(A). For those must set outdoor, temporary sound
insulation room or sound insulation screen shall be set.
2. Work such as transportation of construction materials and construction
waste, excavation, piling, land clearing, pneumatic pick shall be done at
day, a screen of 6-8 m shall be set at the construction boundary to reduce
noise., and hard material shall be used at the outside of the screen.
3. Only work of low noise level such as lifting shall be done at night. The
use of pile driver, soil shifter, excavator. If continuous operation is needed
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
Monitoring
Station
28
Activity Impact Measures
Constr
uction
party
Supervision
Party
Monitoring
Party
for special reasons, approval from government department shall be gained
in advance.
4. Avoid many motive power machines working at the same construction
site thus to avoid high sound level in certain part.
5. When conditions permit, equipment of high noise level shall be set far
away from sensitive areas (especially Xiangjiazhuang in Jiaqu Village
closely near at the southeast of the programm).
6. Use the exist buildings in the factory as sound screen to reduce noise.
7. Equipment of low noise level shall be selected as much as possible, for
example, use hydraulic machines to replace fuel machines, use
high-frequency vibrator.
8. Fix mechanical equipments and earth excavating and transporting
machines such as excavator and soil shifter. Noise can be reduced by
silencer at exhaust pipe and insulating the vibrating parts of motor.
9. The noise level of equipment may be increased for the vibration of
loose parts or damage of silencer, thus motive power machines shall be
regularly maintained and repaired.
10. Unused equipment shall be turned off in time to reduce the working
time of noise sources.
11. Transportation vehicles shall move at low speed and decrease times of
whistle after entering construction site.
12. Mechanical equipment as noise sources shall be operated according to
operation procedures to reduce noise generated by faulty operation.
29
Activity Impact Measures
Constr
uction
party
Supervision
Party
Monitoring
Party
13. Replace the whistle, clock, and flute with modern communication
equipment to command work.
14. sound insulation screen shall be set at northwest of Xiangjiazhuang in
Jiaqu Village, east of Zhaojia Shaofang in Shimiao Village, north of
programme boundary, and south of Shimiao Village to minimize the
adverse impact of construction noise on nearby sensitive points.
15. Optimize construction plan, reasonably arrange construction time, thus
to minimize the adverse impact of construction noise. At the stage of
programme tendering and bidding, the measures to reduce noise pollution
shall be set as the design content and clarified in contract.
16. Construction unit and unit undertaking the project shall assign
necessary full-time or part-time environmental protection supervisor,
responsible for supervising the implementation of noise pollution
prevention and treatment measures, properly solving problems in time and
cooperating local environmental protection departments in their law
enforcement work.
Household waste water of construction
workers, waste water containing sludge
generated from washing of transportation
vehicles, waste water containing sludge
generated from washing of stored
construction materials by rain, waste
water containing oil generated from
Waste
water
1. Waste discharge pipeline shall be prepared before construction;
household waste water of construction workers after treated in Digestion
tank and waste water generated from construction work after treated in
sedimentation pool shall enter waste water treatment station through
prepared waste discharge pipeline for treatment. Waste water shall not
run without control and is prohibited to emitted to water bodies such as
Yellow River.
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
Monitoring
Station
30
Activity Impact Measures
Constr
uction
party
Supervision
Party
Monitoring
Party
leakage of construction mechanical
equipment, waste water containing oil
generated from washing of outdoor
mechanical equipment by rain.
2. Mechanical equipment and transportation vehicles shall not be washed
in construction area and shall be covered with canvas in case of rain.
3. Maintain mechanical equipment regularly to minimize the possibility of
leakage.
4. Construction unit and unit undertaking the project shall assign
necessary full-time or part-time environmental protection supervisor,
responsible for supervising the implementation of waste water pollution
prevention and treatment measures.
SW from dismantling and waste earth and
stone in building project, metal waste
from installation, waste cement, brick,
lime and sand during construction,
household waste of construction workers
such as kitchen waste, waste water bottle
and daily waste in office area.
Constru
ction
garbage
and
househo
ld
garbage
1. The land get and fill are equal, the waste earth and stone can be filled or
poured in road.
2. Construction and household waste shall be cleared in time, freely
discard and storage is not allowed. 3. Temporary closed garbage station
shall be set in construction area and be cleared in time.
4. Metal waste from dismantling and installation, waste cement, brick,
lime and sand during construction, equipment package shall be sent to
relevant department for recycling.
5. Household waste during construction period shall be treated separated
by environmental protection department and shall not be mixed with
construction garbage.
6. Waste in digestion tank shall be cleared regularly to avoid polluting
environment.
7. Minimize the pollution of leaked oil to soil.
8. Construction unit and unit undertaking the project shall assign
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
/
31
Activity Impact Measures
Constr
uction
party
Supervision
Party
Monitoring
Party
necessary full-time or part-time environmental protection supervisor,
responsible for supervising the implementation of SW pollution
prevention and treatment measures.
Change of natural feature caused by
excavation of earth and stone project,
damage of natural and artificial vegetation
on surface, water and soil loss,
degradation of soil fertility, damage of
natural landscape
Ecology 1. Strictly comply with “three the same time” system in “Law of Water
and Soil Conservation” , i.e. water and soil conservation facilities shall be
to designed, constructed and finished at the same time with main project.
2. Strengthen the protection of water and soil conservation facilities such
as land surface and vegetation. Do not discard waste residue and soil
freely.
3. Close and beautify construction area, enclose the buildings in structure
period to decrease visual pollution.
4. Avoid earth and stone excavation work in rainy season to reduce water
and soil loss.
5. plant trees after construction to recover landscape.
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
/
Trucks are needed to transport dismantled
waste equipments and SW during
construction from construction site and
transport cement, stone, lime, earth and
brick needed for construction to
construction site
traffic 1. Reasonably arrange transportation time, avoid heavy transportation
work at traffic peak.
2. Special entrance and exit for transportation vehicles shall be set and
special traffic supervisor shall be assigned to command traffic.
P&P
Mill
交通部门
Transportation
department
/
The drop, movement, turning and break of
dismantled waste equipments and
facilities as well as constructing
Safety
risk
1. Install platform receiving dropped articles on passageways and under
conveyer.
2. The walking surface shall be water-proofing and retains no water.
P&P
Mill
有关安全部门
Relevant
safety
/
32
Activity Impact Measures
Constr
uction
party
Supervision
Party
Monitoring
Party
equipments and facilities, crash and
falling of people when transporting
dismantled waste equipments and
facilities and operating equipments and
facilities
3. Install handrail on the channel near the constructing equipments and
facilities or at high level. The lines for vehicles and people shall be clearly
marked.
4. For moving equipment, overturn prevention measures shall be taken.
5. Stipulate the work procedures on crane not lift heavy articles above
human head.
6. For moving equipment parts (such as the involving points of chain and
chain sprocket of conveyer; rotary drum, conveying belt, pulley and roller
of conveyer; rotary drum of paper making machine, and feed belt of
grinder), safety protection device or interlock device which can prevent
workers form contact these moving parts shall be installed.
7. Conduct training to operators on safe use of construction equipments.
8. Reasonably arrange the dismantling procedures to reduce the possibility
of damage of broken fragments on human beings.
9. Regularly check and maintain construction equipments to prevent the
failure of equipments.
10.. The temporary storage yard for dismantled equipments and facilities
shall be clearly defined and the vehicles entry and leaving shall be closed
controlled.
11. The temporary storage yard for dismantled equipments and facilities
shall be equipped with shelter, chain and other device preventing
dismantled equipments and facilities from falling.
department
III Measures to Mitigate Environmental Impact in Operation Period
33
Table 3 Measures to Mitigate Environmental Impact in Operation Period
Activity Impact Measures
Constr
uction
party
Supervision
Party
Monitoring
Party
Emission of waste water Water
pollution
Waste water of proposed programme shall be treated in waste water
treatment station with preliminary sedimentation pool+ regulation pool
+selection pool+ aeration pool+ secondary sedimentation pool method.
Waste water emitted from waste water treatment station after meeting the
requirements in GB 3544-2001 “Discharge standard of water pollutants
for paper making industry” shall enter oxidation pond for further
treatment and after mixing with water from Yellow River, the water
quality can meet the requirements for day farming in GB 5084-1992
“Standards for irrigation water quality”
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
Monitoring
Station
Emission of smoke from alkali furnace Air
pollution
Current alkali recovery system is equipped with three alkali liquor
furnace, the dust in the smoke from 1 # and 2# alkali recovery furnace is
removed through 3-electric field, and the dust in the smoke from 3# alkali
recovery furnace is removed through spraying, washing and water film
method. Both dust and emitted SO2 from the outlet of furnaces meet the
requirements for level II in “Emission standard of air pollutants for
industrial kiln and furnace” (GB9078-1996)
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
Monitoring
Station
Emission of dust from raw materials scraps Air
pollution
The dust is removed through precipitator, raw materials and dust enter
duct collection room for temporary storage and are sent to reuse.
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
/
Emission of waste gas from chlorine dioxide
preparation workshop
Air
pollution
This technical renovation programme used R8 to produce chlorine
dioxide, the process is simple; the equipments are mature, easy to
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
/
34
operation and regulate. The tail gas after washing in chlorine dioxide
absorption tower is little. And nearly no pollutants will be generated
during preparation process.
Fugitive emission of waste gas Air
pollution
The coal in the factory is stored outdoor, and the measure of spraying is
conducted to prevent dust in coal yard.
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
/
Raw materials scraps generated in material
preparation workshop, pulp residues
generated in pulp making section, white
mud, green mud and a small amount of lime
residue generated in alkali recovery section,
sludge generated in waste water treatment
station
SW
pollution
Raw materials scraps and dust is used as fertilizer; pulp residues is used in
paper making workshop; white mud is temporarily stored in SW storage
yard and planned to be used as desulfurizer; green mud and lime residue is
land-filled, household waste is transported by environmental health
department; sludge generated in waste water treatment station is used as
fertilizer in forest base.
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
/
The operation of equipments generating
noise such as chaff-cutter, grass chopper,
pump and millstone in material preparation
section
Noise
pollution
1. Equipments with low noise level shall be used to reduce noise from the
source; assign equipments with noise reasonably, separate low noise area
from high noise area; place equipment with high noise level away from
office area and residential area to reduce the impact of noise.
2. Strengthen the maintenance of mechanical equipment, and take sound
insulation and sound-proofing measures on mechanical equipments as
major noise sources. Install silencer on air hoses according to the spectral
characteristics of noise. For key noise sources like air blower room, se
noise elimination measure such as noise insulation room or green belt
noise insulation screen can be taken under the condition without
influencing operation. For pumps or electrical machines, shock absorption
measures shall be taken.
3. The noise control in workshop shall refer to the allowable noise level
P&P
Mill
Environmental
Protection
Bureau
Monitoring
Station
35
standard of special workshops to select equipments or change working
time. Sound insulation operation room can be set up when conditions
permit. Workers working in high noise level environment shall wear
necessary protection tools and reduce working hours according to
stipulation of labor protection standards.
4. Submersible sewage pump shall be used for waste water pump and
sludge pump.
5. Transportation of sludge shall comply with specified transportation
lines and time to reduce the impact of transportation noise on area near
transportation lines.
6. Green belts shall be set in factory or at factory boundary. Plant
broad-leave tree species at factory boundary and increase the height of
factory wall thus to reduce noise.