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Glossary of legal terms

Multilingual Glossary in 13 languages

VITSLanguageLink

ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese


2/241

Glossary of legal terms

VITS LanguageLink 2004

ISBN

The information contained in this Glossary was, to the best of ourknowledge, accurate at the time of publication.

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3

PrefaceInterpreting is a highly complex profession, one that requires skill, expertise and a flair forlanguage. The process of transferring information from one language to another is not a mere

transfer of words or phrases, but a transfer of meaning, of context and intent. The commonmisguided theory that bilingualism equates to the basic skills an interpreter needs is bestdemonstrated within our legal environment. Words on their own can be meaningless and dry,but it is the contextual knowledge of their use that the interpreter needs to understand.

Many people who speak only one language tend to imagine that the different languages areessentially different sets of labels to be attached to the objects spoken about, similar to abilingual dictionary, where words of one language are matched, simply and neatly, with thoseof another: substituting one word for another.

However, to be done well, interpreting requires not only linguistic sophistication, but also

knowledge of the cultures associated with the language in question, and the world-views andcultural life styles reflected in the linguistic structure.

The Glossary published by the Legal Interpreting Service in 1985 proved to be much soughtafter and successful. In response to requests from interpreters and legal practitioners, thisupdated, revised and enhanced Glossary has been developed and translated into 13languages and published as a multilingual glossary. This Glossary is by no means a substitute

for the training, experience, and expertise of interpreters working in the legal area, it isintended as a professional resource, which will assist interpreters in their often complex andresponsible tasks.

To this end, the Glossary lists legal terminology used by people concerned with thedevelopment of our laws and their application to the community in a variety of contexts. Theterms and definitions contained in this Glossary have been developed in consultation withrepresentatives from various legal and quasi-legal sectors.

We wish to thank everyone who contributed so generously of their time and expertise and inparticular the teams of professional translators who undertook the complex task of renderingthe terminology into selected target languages.

This project has been successfully completed due to the tireless efforts of management andstaff of VITS LanguageLink whose commitment to the language services industry is atestament to their high quality service and strong focus on continuing professional

development of the industry.This Glossary has been fully funded by VITS LanguageLink Good Corporate Citizen Program.VITS LanguageLink is the only language service provider in Australia that has a GoodCorporate Citizen Program, directing valuable resources, both financial and non-financial,making a positive contribution to our linguistically and culturally diverse community, byensuring that language services are an integral part of our service to the community, both inthe public and private sectors.

We hope the Glossary will provide an invaluable aid to understanding common legal termsand concepts and will facilitate clear and precise communication in situations where anunderstanding of legal terminology is essential.

Senada Softic

General Manager

VITS LanguageLink



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Languages colour coding

ARABIC

BOSNIAN

CHINESE

CROATIAN

GREEK

ITALIAN

MACEDONIAN

RUSSIAN

SERBIAN

SOMALI

SPANISH

TURKISH

VIETNAMESE

4

Contents

Preface _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3

Witness Oath _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5

Witness Affirmation _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6

Index of Terms _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7

Specific Sections:

Legal Officials _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _143

Police Personnel _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _151

Police Special Terminology _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _156

Most Common Indictable Offences _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _162

Most Common Summary Offences _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _194

Most Common Drugs _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _218

Most Common Explosives _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _227

Most Common Firearms _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _229

Most Common Weapons _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _233

Most Common Tools used for Breaking and Entering _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _236


l d | j t d i


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5

ZAKLETVA SVJEDOKA Kunem se Svemoguim Bogom da e iskaz koji u dati u ovom sluaju biti istina, cijelaistina i nita osim istine.

ZAKLETVA SVJEDOKA Kunem se Svemoguim Bogom da je iskaz koji dajem u ovom sluaju, istina, potpunaistina i nita drugo nego istina.

OPO MAPPN O fi fi fi , fi .

PFRKTNDF YF CDTLJRJN `Ct rjkyfv dj Cdbiybjn cfvj dbcnbyf b ybinj lheuj jcdty dbcnbyf.$

fl , fl, fl ,flflfl , ,

, .

DHAARTA MARKHAATIGA Waxaan ugu dhaartay illaaha weyn in cadaynta aan bixin doono ahaan doonto runta,runtii oo dhan, wax kale aanay ahayn runtii mooyaane.

JURAMENTO DEL TESTIGO Juro por Dios Todopoderoso que el testimonio que prestar en esta causa ser laverdad, toda la verdad, y nada ms que la verdad.

TANIK YEMN Bu davada vereceim ifadenin doru, tamamen doru ve dorudan baka bir eyolmayacana Tanr huzurunda yemin ederim.

LI TUYEN THECUA NHAN "Toi xin the trc ang Thng e Toan Nang rang bang chng toi a ra trong vuCHNG nay se la s that, hoan toan la s that, va khong co ieu g khac ngoai s that."

WITNESS OATH I swear by Almighty God that the evidence I shall give in this case shall be the truth,the whole truth, and nothing but the truth.

GIURAMENTO DEL TESTIMONE Giuro davanti a Dio Onnipotente che la testimonianza che dar in questoprocedimento sar la verit, tutta la verit, e nientaltro che la verit.


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6

WITNESS AFFIRMATION (Used where the witness objects to taking the Oath because he/she does not have any religiousbelief or because his/her religious beliefs do not permit him/her to take the Oath.)

I, (name), do solemnly, sincerely, and truly declare and affirm that the evidence I shallgive in this case shall be the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth.

IZJAVA SVJEDOKA Ja (ime), sveano, iskreno i istinski izjavljujem i potvrujem da e iskaz koji u dati uovom sluaju biti istina, cijela istina i nita osim istine.

IZJAVA SVJEDOKA Ja, (ime i prezime) iskreno i istinito, izjavljujem da je iskaz koji dajem u ovom sluaju,istina, potpuna istina i nita drugo nego istina.

ENH HH E, (/...), , fi MAPPN fi , fi

.

DICHIARAZIONE SOLENNE Io, (nome e cognome), dichiaro e affermo in verit, solennit e sincerit che laDEL TESTIMONE testimonianza che dar in questo procedimento sar la verit, tutta la verit, e

nientaltro che la verit.

BPFDF GJL PFRKTNDF `fc !bvt b ghtpbvt@> cdtxtyj> bcrhtyj b dthjljcnjyj bpfdedfv ltrf vjtnjcdtljxtt dj jdff celcrf hfcghfdf t ,blt dbcnbyf> cfvj dbcnbyf b ybinj lheujjcdty dbcnbyf.$

, (fl), , flfl , fl, fl ,flflfl , ,

, ( ) , .

PROMESA SOLEMNE DEL Yo, (nombre y apellido), prometo solemnemente que el testimonio que prestar enTESTIGO esta causa ser la verdad, toda la verdad, y nada ms que la verdad.

TANIK BEYANI Ben, (isim), bu davada vereceim ifadenin doru, tamamen doru ve dorudan baka birey olmayacan samimi olarak beyan ederim.

LI XAC NHAN CUA NHAN "Toi (ten, ho) xin tran trong, thanh that va trung thc tuyen the vaxac nhan rang bangCHNG chng toi a ra trong vunay selasthat, hoan toan la s that va khong co ieu g

khac ngoai s that."


Anigoo magacayga la yiraahdo (magaca) waxaan si dhab ah, daacadnimo ah, urumaynayaa/takiidinayaa in cadaynta aan ku bixin doono dacwadaan tahay run, runtiioo dhan, wax kale aanay ahayn runtii mooyaane.

DHAARTA MARKHAATIGA OOAAN MAGACA ALLE LAGUDHAARANAYN



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Pomaga

Pomaga, sukrivac

Hfi fi, fi,

fi

Concorrente al reato

Cjextcybr

( , .

.)Aan joogin dembiga, laakiindembigaas si masuul uga ahaa

Cmplice. Before the fact: instigador.After the fact: encubridor

Sua yardmc olan

Tong pham

Sauesnik

Suuesnik, sukrivac

, fi

Complice

Cjextcybr dj pkjcnjhcndjnj

,

Dambiile kalkaal

Cmplice

Su orta

ong loa

Pobjei od zakona

Pobjei od zakona

Darsi alla latitanza

Jl,tuyedft celtt

fl fl

Fakad

Fugarse

Firar etmek

ao tau

8

ACCESSORY

Not present at the actual crime, butresponsible in some way for it.

Before the fact: Any person whohelped in any way for another tocommit a crime.

After the fact: A person who aids orhelps another who has alreadycommitted a crime.

A ABSCONDTo go away and evade the jurisdictionof the Court.

ACCOMPLICE

A person who did not personallycommit the offence, but assisted theoffender by acting in concert,

counselling or procuring or aiding andabetting the principal offender.

p | j p g



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1. Optuba 2. Optunica

Optunica, optuba

Imputazione/Accusa

J,dbytybt

1. Eedaynta dembi 2. Dembiga lagusoo eedeeyey

1. Acusacin, denuncia 2. Cargo

Sulama

Sto cao/s buoc toi

Optueni

Optuenik

Imputato/Accusato

J,dbytn

fl

,

Eedaysane

El acusado

Sank

B cao

Osloboditi optube

Osloboditi (tereta optube)

,

Assolvere/Prosciogliere

Jckj,jledf

( )

Dembi ku waayid

Absolver

Beraat etmek

Trang an

A

9

ACQUIT

To find an accused not guilty aftertrial; to discharge that person.

ACCUSATION

1. A verbal or written statement by oneperson that another person hascommitted a crime.

2. The crime with which a person hasbeen charged.

ACCUSED

A person whom the State has chargedwith having committed a crime.



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10

A ACQUITTALTo discharge from prosecution after a

finding of not guilty.

ACT

A law made by Parliament.

ACTION

A term used to describe most types ofcivil law proceedings.

Osloboenje optube

Osloboenje (od optube)

,

Assoluzione/Proscioglimento

Jckj,jledft

,

Siidaynta/dembi ku waayid

Absolucin

Beraat

Strang an

Postupak

Tuba, zakonski postupak

Causa/Azione

Ghfdyf gjcnfgrf

,

Eray lagu sharxo dacwadahamadaniga ah

Accin, demanda

Dava/yasal ilem

Dan s to tung

Skuptinski zakon

Zakon

fi,

Legge Parlamentare

Pfrjy !ljytcty dj Gfhkfvtynjn@

,

Xeerka (kan baarlamaanku sameeyo)

Ley

Yasa/kanun

ao luat




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A

11

ADDUCED EVIDENCE

Evidence brought forward in argument.

ADJOURN

To postpone a court hearing to a futurespecified day or a date to be fixed inthe future (sine die).

ADJUDICATION

To decide in a judicial manner to listento the evidence, determine the factsand apply the appropriate law, and to

hand down a decision.

Rjeenje

Suenje, presuda

, fi

Giudizio

Ljytcedft ghtcelf

fl

Si sharci ah goaan uga gaaridadhegaysiga ka dib

Sentencia, laudo

Mahkeme karar

S xet x, S tuyen an, quyet nhcua quan toa

Prueni dokazi

Dokazi iznijeti u raspravi

fi fi,

fi

Prova addotta o presentata

Yfdtltyb> bpytctyb ljrfpb

,

,

Caddaynta ka soo baxda doodda

Prueba(s) presentada(s)

Delil/kant

Dan chng

Odgoda

Odgoditi raspravu

Rinviare

Jlkj;edf

Dib-u-dhigid

Suspender, diferir

Ertelemek

nh hoan




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Komisija za uslovno putanje odraslihzatvorenika

Komisija za uvjetno putanje odraslihosoba na slobodu (

fi fi)Commissione per la concessionedella libert condizionale

Cjdtn pf eckjdyj jckj,jledft

fl -

Guddiga goaanka ka gaara xabsi kuqaadashada banaanka

Junta de libertad condicional paraadultos

artl tahliye kurulu

Uy ban cu xet phong thch ngiln trc thi han co ieu kien

Obostrano iznoenje dokaza

Naelo obostranog sasluanjastranaka

Sistema avversatorio

Cbcntv yf cjckeiedft yfcghjnbcnfdtyb cnhfyb

fl

Hab sharciyeed oo qaybaha is hayaaqadimaan dacwadooda si xaakimgoaan uga gaaro

Sistema procesal basado en lacontradiccin de las partes

ki tarafl hukuk sistemi

He thong oi tung

Prihvatljivi dokazi

Pravno valjani dokazi

() fi,

,

Prova ammissibile

Ghbafnkbd ljrfpty vfnthbfk

fl,

,

Caddayn la aqbali karo

Prueba(s) admisible(s)

Geerli delil

Bang chng khachap

12

A ADULT PAROLE BOARDThe body which decides on parole.

ADVERSARY SYSTEM

The legal process in which thecontesting parties present evidence insupport of their claims to an

independent judge for decision, andany penalty/remedy.

ADMISSIBLE EVIDENCE

Information which a court will permit toenter the hearing to determine a fact orissue.



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Izjava pod zakletvom

Izjava pod zakletvom

`E

Dichiarazione giurata

Gbcvtyf bpfdf gjl pfrktndf

fl

Dhaar-qoraal (afadayfit)

Declaracin jurada

Yeminli ifade

T khai hu the

Sudski nalog o plaanju alimentacije

Sudski postupak o alimentaciji

fi fi

Procedimento di riconoscimento di paternit con obbligo di mantenimentodei figli

Htitybt pf bplhirf

fl

Amarka Xaakimka ee Dayactirka ilmaha

Proceso de filiacin y alimentos

Nafaka deme emri

Thu tuc xac nh phu hee cap dng

A

13

AFFIDAVIT

A written document sworn on Oath oraffirmed before a person with authorityto administer the Oath or Affirmation.

The person in whose name thedocument is sworn or affirmed is calledthe deponent.

AFFILIATION PROCEEDINGS REGARDING MAINTENANCE

A Magistrates order which requires the person it believes to be the father of a child topay maintenance to the mother for the support of the child until he or she reaches theage of 16.



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Predumiljaj

Unaprijed smiljen

fi fi

Premeditato

Ghtlevbckf

,

Ku talagal

Premeditacin

nceden tasarlanm

Chutam

Poznat kao

Alias, pod lanim imenom

Nome fittizio

Kf;yj bvt

fl

Magac been ah

Alias, sobrenombre

Takma isim

Biet danh

Izjava

Potvrditi

,

fi

Dichiarare solennemente

Gjndhledf

flfl fl

Rumayn/takiidin

Prometer solemnemente, prestarpromesa solemne

Sz vermek

Xac nhan

14

A AFFIRMTo be allowed to give evidence withouttaking the oath, either on the groundthat taking the oath is contrary to a

persons religious belief or the personhas no religious belief.

AFORETHOUGHT

See malice aforethought.

ALIAS

A false name.



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A

15

ALIBI

A defence where an accused allegesthat at the time when the offence wascommitted, he was elsewhere.

ALLEGATION

A verbal or written statement regardingan event or events. Generally refers tothe substance of the charge laid against

an individual or corporation.

AMENDMENT

(Amending Act) An Act of Parliamentaltering or changing (amending)another Act.

Amandman

Amandman, dopuna ili izmjena zakona

(fi)

Emendamento

Ljgjkyedft yf pfrjyjn

Dib-u-habaynta xeerka

(Ley de) reforma

Deiiklik

Tu chnh/Sa oi

Alibi

Alibi

`

Alibi

Dj dhtvt yf ghtrhijrjn kbwtnj,bkj yf lheuj vtcnj

La dacweeyaha oo sheegta in aanumeesha joogin

Coartada

Su ilendiinde baka bir yerde olduuiddias

Chng c ngoai pham

Navod

Navod, tvrdnja

fi

Imputazione

Ndhltt

fl,

,

Eedayn qoran

Alegacin, alegato

ddia

S cao buoc




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16

A ANCILLARY RELIEFSubsidiary; supplementary or extra, eg.ancillary relief in family law relates tocustody, maintenance, access and

property between the parties asopposed to principal relief.

ANNUL

To put an end to, cancel, render voidin law.

ANTECEDENT REPORT

Formal police document for recordingthe history, method of committing thecrime, associates and places

frequented by people charged withoffences.

Dopunska odluka

Dopunska odluka

Decisione giudiziaria accessoria

Vfnthbfkyf b ghfdyf cgjujl,f vtecjghe;ybwbnt ghb hfpdjl yf ,hfrjn

()

Kabid; ku darid ama siyaado iwm.

Resolucin de la demanda accesoria

Ek/ikinci derecede

An lenh phu

Prethodni izvjetaj

Prethodni izvjetaj

fi

Relazione sui precedenti

Ljrevtynfwbf pf ckexfjnghbujndtyf jl gjkbwbfnf

fl

Warbixinta dhacdada ugu horaysa

Informe de antecedentes

Sank sicil raporu

Bang ke tien s

Ponititi

Staviti izvan snage, ponititi

Annullare

Gjybinedf

Nasakhid/burin

Anular, revocar

ptal etmek

Huy bo




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alba

alba

`,

Appello

:fk,f lj gjdbcjr cel

, flfl

Rafcaan

Recurso de apelacin

tiraz/temyiz

Khang cao

Podnosilac albe

Podnositelj albe, apelant

Appellante

:fkbntk

fl fl

,

Rafcaanle

Recurrente, apelante

tiraz/temyiz eden

Ngi khang cao

Podnosilac tube

Predlagatelj, tuitelj

,

1. Attore 2. Richiedente

Ne;bntk

fl,

,

Dalbade

Demandante, actor

Davac

Nguyen n

A

17

APPELLANT

A person who appeals against a courtsdecision.

APPLICANT

A person who applies to a court ortribunal for an order, decision or

finding.

APPEAL

A formal request by a persondissatisfied with a courts decision, to ahigher court to review the original

decision or rehear the case; the actualhearing of the appeal.



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18

A APPREHENSIONThe act of arresting or having a fear.

APPROPRIATION

Making a thing the property of aperson.

ARBITRAL DECISION

An award made by an arbitrator afterhearing both sides of a case. Thedecision is binding, usually in building

cases.

Hapenje

Uhienje, hapenje

Arresto/Cattura

Ghbdtledft> pfndjhft

, ,

,

Qabashada/xirida

Detencin, captura; aprensin, temor

Yakalama/tutuklama

Bat gi

Arbitrana odluka

Arbitrana odluka

fi

Decisione o sentenza arbitrale

Htitybt yf yflkt;yj kbwt

Goaanka dhexdhexaadinta

Resolucin arbitral

Hakem karar

Quyet nh phan x

Prisvajanje

Prisvajanje

Appropriazione

Ghbcdjedft

, fl

Yeelashada

Apropiacin, asignacin

Zimmetine geirmek

Chiem hu




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A

19

ARRAIGN

To call a defendant, read the charges(presentment) and ask them to plead(i.e., guilty or not guilty).

ATTACHMENT OF EARNINGS

An order by a court requiring adefendants employer to pay anamount of the defendants wages

regularly to the complainant inrepayment of a debt owed by thedefendant to the complainant.

ATTEMPTING A CRIME

Doing an act with intent to commit acrime and forming part of a series ofacts which would constitute its actual

commission if it were not interrupted.

Pokuaj krivinog djela

Pokuaj krivinog djela

fi /

Tentato reato

J,bl pf dhitt pkjcnjhcndj

Isku-deyida fal dembi

Tentativa de delito

Sua teebbs

Mu toan pham phap

Izvesti pred sud

Optuiti, proitati optubu u sudu

,

Contestare latto di accusa

Gjlytcedf j,dbybntkty frn

Dhiibashada Bareeraha

Acusar formalmente ante el juez

Suu kabul edip etmediini sormak

oc cao trang

Obustava na primanja

Obustava na primanja

Ingiunzione di pignoramento salariale

Celcrf pf,hfyf yf gkfnfnf

,

Lifaaqa dakhliga

Embargo de salarios, sueldos yretribuciones

Gelirin haciz edilmesi

An lenh trch tien lng




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20

A ATTESTATION CLAUSEA statement in a deed or will that it hasbeen signed in front of witnesses.

AUTOPSY

A medical examination performed on adeceased person to determine thecause of death.

AWARD

The finding or decision of an arbitrator.

Potvrena izjava

Izjava o vjerodostojnosti potpisa

Attestazione di autenticit delle firme

Ljrevtyn yfgbify dj ghbcecndj yfcdtljwb

fl

,

Qoraal lagu saxiixay markhaatilhortiis

Clusula testifical/testimonial

Tasdik maddesi

ieu khoan xac nhan

Odluka arbitra

Odluka arbitrae

fi

Decisione o sentenza arbitrale

Celcrf jlkerf

fl,

( )

Goaanka dhexdhexaadiyaha

Laudo arbitral

Hakim karar

(Toa) Chap thuan

Autopsija

Autopsija

,

Autopsia

Bcgbnedft yf nheg pf lf ct endhlbghbxbyfnf pf cvhnnf

Baarida maydka

Autopsia

Otopsi

Kham nghiem t thi




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B

21

BAIL

The release by police or a court of aperson held in custody awaiting a courthearing. The person is released on

condition that he/she appears at aspecified time and place for a hearingof the charge against him/her, with orwithout payment of sureties. As from 1September 1990, Bail Justices may alsorelease on bail persons charged withmost offences, in certain circumstances.

BAILEE

A person to whom the possession ofgoods is entrusted by the owner butnot with the intention of transferring

the ownership.

BAILIFF

An officer of the County Court whoserves summonses or other documentsand executes judgments.

Sudski nadstojnik

Sudski izvritelj (okruni sud)

fi

Ufficiale giudiziario

Celcrb bpdhibntk

, ,

,

Qofka dadka waca si ay maxkamadau yimaadaan

Oficial de justicia

cra memuru

Tha phat lai

Kaucija

Jamstvo, kaucija

A fi fi fi

Libert provvisoria condizionale

Ufhfywbf> rfewbf

Damiin

(Puesta en) libertad condicional

Kefalet

Tai ngoai hau tra

Depozitar

uvar povjerene robe

1. Consegnatario 2. Comodatario

Celcrb ljdthtybr

,

Wakiil alaab lagu aaminay inuu hayolaguse wareejin lahaanshaheeda

Depositario

Emaneti muhafaza eden kii

Ngi thuthac




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1. Prostor u sudu 2. Advokatska komora

1. U sudu, prostor pred sucem 2. Odvjetnika (advokatska) komora

1. , fi 2. fi , fi

Barra che divide la corte dal pubblico/Avvocatura

1. Pfvbcktyf uhfybwf vte celbfnf> fldjrfnbnt b jcnfyfnbjn ltk jlcelybwfnf 2. Plhe;tybt yf fldjrfnb

1. fl 2. fl/

Khad qiyaaseed/Jimciyada garyaqaanada

1. Lugar de la sala reservado para el tribunal y los abogados 2. Colegio deabogados litigantes (Am.)/procuradores de los tribunales (Es.)

Baro

Ban trang s

Princip vjerovatnoe

Naelo vjerojatnosti

fi (fi)

Valutazione delle probabilit

Cntgty yf dthjfnyjcn

fl

Sida dacwadaha madaniga ahi udhacaan

(Valoracin de la) verosimilitudrelativa (de las alegaciones y pruebas)

Doru olma olasl

Kha d a pham toi

22

B BALANCE OF PROBABILITIESThe standard of proof required in civilcases, i.e., it is more probable than notthat what the person says happened is

true. (In criminal cases the standard isproof beyond reasonable doubt).

BAR

1. The imaginary line which divides the bench and the seats where solicitors andbarristers take their place in a court from the rest of the courtroom.

2. The entire membership of barristers hence to be a member of or to practise at the

Bar is to be a barrister.



23/241


Advokat (s pravom zastupanja nasudu)

Odvjetnik, advokat (zastupa klijentana sudu)

fi

Avvocato abilitato a discutere lecause in tribunale

Fldjrfn rj pfcnfgedf yf cel

, ,

( )

Garyaqaanka maxkamadda ugadooda dacweysanaha amaeedaysanaha

Abogado litigante (Am.)/procuradorde los tribunales (Es.)

Duruma avukat

Trang s

1. Sudijska stolica 2. Sudstvo

Sudaka klupa, zbor sudaca

`

Seggio del Giudice/Collegio deiMagistrati

Celcrf ajntkf> celbb

,

Kursiga xaakimka ama magaca guudee xaakimada iyo qaadiyada

Judicatura

Hakim krss

Ghequan toa

Nasljednik

Nasljednik, korisnik

fi

Beneficiario/Legatario

Kbwt inj t hfcgjkfuf cj bvjnjn>gfhbnt, flfl fl,

,

Qofka dhaxalka lacagta ama hantidaleh

Beneficiario

Miras/lehdar

Ngi tha hng

B

23

BARRISTER

A lawyer (a member of the Bar) whospecialises in representing clients incourt. A lawyer engaged by a solicitor

to advise him/her or to representhis/her client in court. In courts higherthan a Magistrates Court, a barristerusually wears a wig and gown.

BENCH

The seat on which the judge ormagistrate used to sit in court. Theterm is now used to describe the

collective profession of judges andmagistrates.

BENEFICIARY

Usually used in wills. A person whoreceives benefit, i.e., money/property

from a persons will.



24/241


Predrasuda

Pristranost

,

Pregiudizio

Ghbcnhfcyjcn

,

Eex

Parcialidad, prejuicio

nyarg

Thien v

Bez osnovane sumnje

U krivinom postupku - bez ikakve sumnje

Senza nessuna possibilit di dubbio

Dbyfnf t endhltyf b ytvf cjvytdff

,

( )

Aan shaki ka taagnayn

Sin dejar lugar a ninguna duda razonable (principio de que el hecho se darpor probado cuando no quepa ninguna duda razonable respecto de su verdad)(procedimiento penal)

phesiz/kukusuz (su olaylarnda)

Khong con nghi ng mc o hp ly (hnh s)

24

B BIASPrejudice, to reach a decision on thebasis of pre-conceived ideas beforelistening to both sides evidence.

BEYOND REASONABLE DOUBT (IN CRIME)

The Crown (Prosecution) must prove its case against the defendant beyond reasonabledoubt. The case must carry a high degree of probability. If there is a reasonableargument open on the evidence which would raise a doubt about a persons guilt then

the jury would return a finding of not guilty.



25/241


Bigamija

Bigamija

Bigamia

Ldj,hfxyjcn

Dib u guursiga adoo weli qaba qofkale

Bigamia

ki kii ile ayn anda evli olma

Song hon

Prijedlog zakona

Prijedlog zakona, nacrt zakona

Disegno di legge

Ghtlkju-pfrjy

Xeer aan baarlamaanku weli ansixin

Proyecto de ley

Yasa tasars

Dluat

Bona Fide

Bona Fide, dobra vjera

, ,

In buona fede

Cj lj,hf> xtcyf yfvthf

,

Mukhlisnimo/daacadnimo

De buena fe

yi niyetle

That/ung

B

25

BIGAMY

To re-marry whilst a person is stilllegally married and not divorced orwidowed.

BILL

A legislative proposal which becomeslaw and is called an Act once passed byboth Houses of parliament.

BONA FIDE

In good faith; honestly.



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Garancija

Jamstvo sudu

fi( )

Vincolo di buona condotta

Ufhfywbf

fl

,

Ballanqaad in qofkaasi raacayoamarka maxkamaddu bixsay

Caucin (judicial)

yi hal szlemesi

Cam ket

Alko-test stanica

Alko-test stanica

fi fi

Unit mobile per sottoporre gliautomobilisti allalcoltest

Djpbkj cj gthcjyfk b jghtvf pfvthtt fkrj[jk dj rhdnf yf djpfxbnt, fl fl

-

Baska booliisku adeegsado si khamradareewalada looga baaro

Unidad mvil de control dealcoholemia

Alkol test arac

Tram thru lu ong

Sigurnosni depozit

Jamstvo, garancija

()

Deposito cauzionale per le locazioni

Ufhfywbf> cbuehyjcty ltgjpbn

, , ( )

Rahaamad/Curaar

Depsito de garanta (inquilinatos)

Gvence paras/depozito

Tien the chan (thue nha)

26

B BOND (TENANCY)A bond is a guarantee (money isusually paid) to a landlord by a tenantwhich ensures that the tenant will not

damage the landlords rental propertywhile in occupancy.

BOND

A formal acknowledgement, made by aperson to a Court, which binds thatperson in refraining from actions or

activities for the period of the bond(known as recognizance of goodbehaviour). It may require theperformance of actions or activities.

BOOZE BUS

A mobile station with personnel andequipment specific to the testing ofdrivers to determine whether they are

under the influence of alcohol.



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Krenje

Prekraj

,

Infrazione/Violazione

Ghfdty ghtrhijr

Jebinta waajibaadka sharciga ah

Infraccin, incumplimiento, violacin

hlal etmek/uymamak

Vi pham

Naruavanje javnog reda i mira

Naruavanje javnog reda i mira,pobuna

fi

Turbamento dellordine pubblico

Yfheiedft yf fdybjn vbh

fl

Jebinta xasiloonida iyo nabadadadweynaha dhexdooda ah

Alteracin del orden pblico

Asayii bozmak

Pha roi trat t cong cong

Aparat za alko-test

Alko-test aparat

` fifi

Etilometro

Bycnhevtyn pf ledft pf lf ctjlhtlb rjkbxbyf yf fkrj[jk dj rhdnf

fl fl

-

Aallada khamrada dareewalada loogabaaro

Alcoholmetro

Alkol test cihaz

May o o ru

B

27

BREACH

The breaking of a legal duty. Similar toBreach of Peace.

BREACH OF THE PEACE

There is a breach of the peacewhenever harm is actually done orlikely to be done to a person or, in his

presence, his property, or a person is infear of being harmed through anassault, affray or riot.

BREATHALYSER

Instrument used to analyse a sample ofbreath in order to determine a personsblood alcohol content.



28/241


Teret dokaza

Teret dokazivanja

/ fi

Onere della prova

Ljrf;edft yf ndhltfnf

fl fl

Masuuliyada daliilinta xaqiiqada

Carga de la prueba

Kantlama ykmll

Trach nhiem dan chng

Mjesni propisi

Mjesni propisi i uredbe

Ordinanze o Leggi delleAmministrazioni Locali

Jginbycrb ghjgbcb

fl

,

Xeer hoosaad

Ordenanzas municipales

Belediye yasalar

Luat a phng

Saetak

Dosje, pismeni saetak predmetaparnice za odvjetnika

Documentazione processuale

Cevbhft yf afrnb

,

Warbixinta ka hadlaysa dhinacyada ishaya

Expediente e informe (relativos apleito o causa)

Dava dosyas/iddianame

Ho s chng c

28

B BRIEFThis refers to the prepared combinationof statements, charge sheets, recordsof interview etc., which ultimately form

the basis of evidence to be presentedat court by either party.

BURDEN OF PROOF

The responsibility or onus of proving afact.

BY-LAWS

Laws made by local government.



29/241


Upozorenje

Upozorenje

Avvertimento ufficiale

Ghtleghtledft

U digid

Advertencia

Tutuklanan kiinin haklar

Khuyen cao

Kartica upozorenja

Kartica na kojoj je slubeno policijskoupozorenje

Scheda di avvertimento dei diritticivili usata dalla polizia

Rfhnbxrf pf ghtleghtledft

fl

Kaarka digniinta ee booliiska

Tarjeta con el texto de la advertencia

Tutuklanan kiinin haklarn ieren kart

Phieu ghi li khuyen cao

Protest

Odbiti (svjedoka, porotnika)

(,fi),

Ricusazione di giurati/Negazionedella validit di documenti

Jl,bdft yf gjhjnybr

fl fl,

,

Diidmo xeerbeeg

Recusar, impugnar

Tank veya jri yelerini reddetme hakk

Phan oi

C

29

CAUTION

Words used to formally advise criminalsuspects of their civil right to speak orremain silent.

CAUTION CARD

The card used by police to givecaution.

CHALLENGE

The accused has the right to object toa person being a juror in a civil orcriminal proceeding. He is entitled to

challenge 8 potential jurors beforehaving to show cause.



30/241

30

CHARGE

1. The formal accusation that a person has committed a crime.

2. An explanation of the law by a judge to a jury after the juryhas heard the evidence and before it has decided which

evidence to accept.

CHILDRENS COURT

A special Magistrates Court, the Childrens Court hears criminaloffences committed by young people under the age of 17. Itdoes not hear homicide cases (murder, manslaughter and

attempted murder). These cases are heard in the SupremeCourt. (NB) The Childrens Court has the power to hearattempted murder cases, but usually refrains because of theseriousness of the case. It also hears proceedings forwardship, guardianship etc., concerning the welfare of the childin its upbringing.


Optuba

1. Formalna optuba da je osoba poinila krivino dijelo2. Pouka suca poroti o konanoj odluci

1. 2. fi

Djeji sud

Sud za maloljetnike

Capo daccusa/Imputazione

J,dbytybt

,

Dacweyn/hawlgelinta xeerbeegta 1. Dacweyn2. Sharaxaada xaakimka ee xeerbeegta cadaynta ka dib

1. Cargo, acusacin 2. Instrucciones del juez al jurado

Sulama

1. Cao buoc toi 2. Luan toi

Tribunale dei Minorenni

Cel pf vfkjktnybwb

fl ( 17 )

Maxkamada Carruurta, marka laga saaro dacwadaha dilka

Juzgado de menores, tribunal de menores

ocuk mahkemesi

Toa thieu nhi

C

C



31/241


Okolnosti (oteavajue/olakavajue/opravdavajue)

Okolnosti (oteavajue, ublaavajue, olakotne)

(, )

Circostanze (aggravanti/attenuanti/giustificanti)

Jrjkyjcnb !jnt;yedfxrb#jktcyedfxrb#jghfdledfxrb@

fl (fl/fl/)

(//)

Xaalladaha ka (sii darida/khafiifinta/sababaynta dabeecadaha gafaha)

Circunstancias agravantes/atenuantes/justificativas o explicativas

Durum (arlatrc/hafifletici/aklayc)

Hoan canh (lam nang hn/lam nhe/giam toi)

Indirektni iskaz

Indicija, posredni dokazni materijal

fi ,

Prove indiziarie

Gjchtlyb ljrfpb

,

Caddayn aan ahayn mid toos ugamarkhaati kacaysa dacwada

Pruebas circunstanciales, indirectas

Dolayl delil

Bang chng gian tiep

C

31

CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE

Evidence which is not the directtestimony of a person who witnessedan event, but which is relevant and

enables the event to be inferred fromthe circumstances.

CIRCUMSTANCES (AGGRAVATING/MITIGATING/EXTENUATING)

Aggravating acts which increase the severity of an offence.

Mitigating acts which lessen the severity of an offence.

Extenuating acts which seek to explain or justify the conduct of an offender.

C



32/241


Graansko pravo

Graansko pravo

fi

Diritto civile

Uhffycrj ghfdj

Sharciga madaniga ah

Derecho civil

Medeni hukuk

Dan luat

Zahtjev

Tubeni zahtjev, traiti pravo

, , fi

RivendicazioneAsserzione

ghfdj yf...

, fl,

, ,

Ashtako/dacwad

1. Demanda, reclamacin,reinvindicacin 2. Alegato, afirmacin

Hak talep etme

oi

Citat

Citat, navod

CitazioneRiferimento giurisprudenziale

Yfdtledft yf ghtn[jlty ckexf pfrj bvf gjlfnjwb dj celcrbnt pfgbcb

,

Tixraacida dacwad horay u dhacday

Cita jurisprudencial

Eski bir karara atfta bulunma

Trch dan

32

C CITATIONThe reference to a reported case, givesthe year, the volume of the law reportsand page number.

CIVIL LAW

Those laws which regulate the conductof individuals with each other by givingindividuals rights and responsibilities

which the law recognises and enforces.If an individuals rights are found by acourt to have been broken, that personis entitled to some remedy from theindividual who breached the right. Inthis way, the law provides relief, notpunishment.

CLAIM

The assertion of a right; an allegation.

C



33/241


Sistematska komisija

Komisija za klasificiranje zatvorenika

Comitato di classificazione penitenziaria

Jl,jh pf uhegbhft yf pfndjhtybwbnt

fl ()

Guddiga kala-qorsheeya maxaabiista xabsiga

Comit de clasificacin de presos

Hapishane gvenlik kurulu

Uy ban xep loai

Sudski slubenik

Sudski slubenik

Cancelliere

Ita yf celcrfnf flvbybcnhfwbf

Shaqaalaha MaxkamadaKaraaniyada maxkamaddu waa saraakiisha maxkamadda

Secretario judicial, del juzgado / tribunal

Mahkeme mdr

Th kytoa an

C

33

CLASSIFICATION COMMITTEE

A committee within each prison that is responsible for makingdecisions about security rating and placement of prisonerswithin the prison system.

CLERK OF COURTS

Clerks of Court are officers of the Court. For a Clerk of Courtsto be appointed a Magistrate, he/she must first become aqualified Barrister or Solicitor. The officer in charge of a

Magistrates Court or Childrens Court is (since 1 September1990), referred to as the Registrar of the Magistrates Court.Other officers may be appointed Deputy Registrars of theCourt.

C COLLATOR COLLATORS INQUIRY



34/241

Kolacionarska istraga

Istraga osobe koja prikuplja i usporeuje informacije

Inchiesta da parte del funzionario che collaziona leinformazioni

Bcnhfuf pf lf ct endhlfn gjlfnjwb pf rhbdbxyj ltkj bcjvybntkyb kbwf

fl

Xogta uu soo ururiyo. Xog-ururshuhu

Investigacin realizada por el analista de tendencias eindicios delictivos

statistikinin yrtt inceleme

Truy tam phoi kiem tin

Kolacionar

Onaj koji prikuplja i usporeuje informacije

fi

Funzionario che collaziona le informazioni allinterno dellapolizia

Cgjhtledfx

,

Xog-ururshe

Analista de tendencias e indicios delictivos

Su olaylar istatistikisi

Ngi phoi kiem tin

34 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese

C COLLATORA person receiving information from police members in thestreet, in relation to crime trends, suspects or people in certainlocations. This information is processed by the collator and is

made available to all members of the police force.

COLLATORS INQUIRY

Inquiry by the collator in order to gather information withregard to crime trends, suspects, etc.

CCOLLUSION COMMITTAL PROCEEDINGS



35/241


Dosluh

Tajni sporazum, dosluh

,

CollusioneAccordo fraudolento

Ljujdjh vte ldt kbwf lf ct yfintnb yf nhtnj bkb lf ctbpvfvb celjn

Muaamirad

Colusin, connivencia

Gizli anlama

Thong ong

Preliminarni postupak

Istrani sudski postupak

IstruttoriaProcedimento preliminare

Gjxtnyf celcrf hfcghfdf

fl

Qaadida Dacwada si goaan looga gaaro

Vista preliminar de causa penal

n duruma

Thu tuc tien tham

C

35

COLLUSION

Arrangement by two people to do some act to injure anotherperson or deceive a court.

COMMITTAL PROCEEDINGS

Where a Magistrates Court hears evidence on an indictablecharge and decides whether the accused should be sent fortrial (also called a preliminary examination).

C COMMON LAW (CASE LAW) COMMUNITY BASED ORDER



36/241

Nalog o drutveno korisnom radu

Sudski nalog za izdravanje kazne u zajednici

Sentenza di prestazioni comunitarie in libert vigilata

Yfhtl,f pf hf,jnf dj pftlybwfnf

,

( )

Amar ku salaysan bulshada oo maxkamadu goamisay

Auto ordenando el cumplimiento de la sancin en lacomunidad

artl serbest brakma

An lenh lam cong tac cong ong

Obiajno pravo

Obiajno pravo (temelji se na pojedinanim sluajevima)

fi ()

Diritto comune (basato su precedenti)Diritto consuetudinario

Jginj ghfdj

( )

( )

Qaanuun Guud

Derecho consuetudinario ingls (derecho jurisprudencial,formado por los precedentes judiciales)

rf ve adetlere dayal hukuk sistemi

Thong luat (Luat an le)

36 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese

C COMMON LAW (CASE LAW)The system of law originating in England as distinct from thecivil or Roman law and the canon or ecclesiastical law. The lawdeveloped by the courts when deciding disputes betweenpeople. It is not written down in a code, but is handed fromgeneration to generation through the record of judgesdecisions on particular cases. After white settlement ofAustralia, this law became part of the Australian law anddeveloped its character within the framework of Australias ownlegal system.

COMMUNITY BASED ORDER

An order made by a court pursuant to the Penalties AndSentences Act 1985 whereby a person is released subject tothe supervision of the Office of Corrections. The order allows

flexibility in the type of service which may be asked of aconvicted person. A court may avail itself of any of theseoptions when sentencing.

1. Supervision.

2. Educational programmes.

3. Community based work.

CCOMPLAINANTCOMPETENCE AND COMPELLABILITY



37/241


Nadlenost i prinuda

Mjerodavnost i prisila

fi fi

Capacit e coercibilit a testimoniare

Lj,hjdjkyj b ghbyelyj cdtljxtt

fl fl

Kabixi kara khasabna ku ah

Competencia testifical y obligacin de declarar

Tanklk yapma ykmll

Nang lc vacng che

Podnosilac tube

Tuitelj

,

Querelante/Attore

Ne;bntk

Dacwoode

Demandante

Davac/ikayeti

Ngi khieu nai

C

37

COMPLAINANT

A person who brings a claim againstanother in the Magistrates court.

COMPETENCE AND COMPELLABILITY

All persons are, as a general rule, competent as witnesses and may be compelledto give evidence and their attendance at court may be enforced by witnesssummonses or subpoenas. An accused, however, cannot be compelled to giveevidence against himself, and husbands and wives are not compelled to give evidenceagainst each other.

C CONCILIATION CONCURRENT CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS



38/241


Istovremeni krivini procesi

Sudski postupak u kojem se istovremeno sasluava vie krivinih djela

Procedure penali concorrenti

Celcrb ghtnhtc yf gjdtt j,dbytybf pf ldt bkb gjdtt kbwf

,

Qaadis Dacwad dembiyeed oo isku mar dhacaysa

Procesos acumulados

ki veya daha fazla sulunun ayn anda yarglanmas

Phien x hnh s cung lt

Pregovaranje

Pomirenje

fi

Conciliazione

Gjvbhedft ldt cnhfyb ghtlghfdyj ntkj

,

Dhexdhexaadinta

Conciliacin

Uzlatrma

Hoa giai

38

C CONCILIATIONProcess where two parties in disputego to a third party to decide the matter.The decision is not binding.

CONCURRENT CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS

More than one criminal charge against 2 or more accused heard in the court.

CONCURRENT SENTENCES CONTACT ORDER C



39/241

The sentences for each individual offence are served at thesame time in prison or on a community based order.

An order by the Family Court (including a Magistrate) whichenables a parent without custody of a child of the marriage tosee the child at specified times or times agreed by the parents.


C

39

Istovremene kazne

Istovremeno izdravanje kazne

Condanne concorrenti

Bcnjdhtvtyj bplh;edft yf rfpyb

,

Laba xukun oo isku mar la qaadanayo

Penas concurrentes

Birden fazla cezann ayn anda infaz

An cung lt

Nalog o vianju djece

Nalog o vianju djeteta

fi

Ordine con cui si concede al genitore il diritto di visita ai figli

Celcrj htitybt pf ghbcnfg rjy ltwfnf

( )

Amarka la xiriirida ama arkida ilmaha ee waalidka

Orden judicial de derecho de visita

ocukla gr karar

An lenh tham con

C CONTEMPT OF COURT CONTENTIOUS CONTINGENCY



40/241


Kontradiktorno

Sporno

//, fi

Contenzioso

Cgjhty

Lagu muransan yahay

Contencioso

Hasml

Tranh tung

Zavisnost

Eventualnost, mogunost dogaanja

, (fi)

Contingenza

Dj ckexf lf ...

fl

,

U-tooghaynta

Contingencia, eventualidad

Duruma bal/ihtimal

S tuy thuoc

Nepotovanje suda

Nepotivanje suda

,

Oltraggio alla corte

Ytgjxbnedft yf celjn

Quursiga ama dhayalsiga amarkamaxkamadda

Desacato al tribunal

Mahkemeye hakaret

Khinh toa

40

CThe failure to obey a court order, or anact which shows a disregard for theauthority of the court or judge. A

person held in contempt may faceimprisonment.

Controversy, in a struggle with eachother.

That which awaits or depends on thehappening of an event.

CCONTRACT CONVICTION CORONER



41/241


Ugovor

Ugovor

fi

Contratto

Ljujdjh

Caqdiga

Contrato

Kontrat/szleme

Hp ong

Osuda

Proglaenje krivim, osuda

, fi

Condanna

Endhledft yf dbyfnf> jceledft

, ,

,

Dembi ku helid

Condena

Mahkumiyet/sabka sicili

Tuyen bo cotoi

Sudski vjetak

Mrtvozorniki sudac

,

Coroner/Magistrato inquirente

Celbf-bcktlybr !pf cvhnyb ckexfb@

, ,

( )

Qaaliga ama qaadiga baara sababtadhimashada

Juez investigador de las causas demuerte

lm olaylarn soruturan hakim

Quan toa nghiem thi (Toa ieu tranguyen nhan t vong bat thng)

C

41

An agreement enforceable at law. Anessential feature of a contract is anexchange of promises between partiesto do or forbid from doing certainspecified acts. Generally, a contractdoes not have to be in writing to beenforceable. However, certaincontracts, eg., for the sale of land, mustbe in writing to be enforceable.

In a criminal matter, a person has beenfound guilty of a charge if he/she hasbeen convicted and that notation is aconviction.

The Magistrate who conducts thecoronial inquiry, or inquest, into thecause of a death. The Coroner maycommit a person for trial for causing adeath.

CORONERS COURT CORPUS DELICTIC



42/241

42

A special Magistrates Court which investigates sudden,unexpected and/or violent death, eg., where there has been asuspected murder, death in fires, plane crashes etc.,conducting an inquest or inquiry into the cause of death todetermine whether any other person has contributed in someway to the persons death.

The facts that constitute a criminal offence. The wrongful actsthat constitute the crime.


C

Sud za vjetaenje

Sud suca istraitelja mrtvozornika

Corpus Delicti

Corpus delicti

Tribunale del coroner

Bcnhf;ty cel pf cvhnyb ckexfb

Maxkamadda Qaadiga ee baarta sababta dhimashada

Juzgado destinado a la investigacin de las causas demuerte

lm olaylarn soruturan mahkeme

Toa ieu tra nguyen nhan tvong bat thng

Corpo del reato

Afrnb b jrjkyjcnb pf ghtrhijrjn bkb pkjcnjhcndj

fl

( )

Dhabta

Hechos constitutivos de delito

Su oluturan hususlarn tm

Yeu to cau toi danh

CCORROBORATION COUNTERCLAIM



43/241


Potkrepljujui dokazi

Potkrepljujui dokazni materijal

Conferma di prova testimoniale

Gjnrhtgf yf ukfdyjnj cdtljxtt

Caddayn madax banaan oo taageeraysa cadayntaasaasiga ah

Corroboracin

Dorulayc delil

Bang chng xac tn

Protuzahtjev

Protuzahtjev

Controquerela

Ghjnbd,fhft !yf j,dbytnbjn rjy ne;bntkjn@

Mindimindi ku taaga (xuja-xuja ka horkeenid)

Reconvencin, contrademanda

Kar dava

Phan to

43

Independent evidence which supports the main evidence. Thismay be required when an affiliation order is sought (i.e.,corroborative evidence to indicate that the defendant is the fatherof the child), or when a decree of dissolution of marriage issought where the parties have continued to live under the sameroof. It is also required when a person under the age of 14 yearsgives evidence to a Court in a criminal proceeding.

A cross-action made by a defendant who alleges that he/shehas a claim or is entitle to relief or remedy against the plaintiff,instead of being a separate action.

COUNTY COURT COURIER OF DRUGS (CRIME)C



44/241

44

The County Court is an intermediate court. It has jurisdiction tohear civil proceedings where the claim does not exceed$100,000 and all other claims up to a limit of $50,000 e.g.,damage of property, breach of contract, etc. It has jurisdictionto hear and determine most indictable offences except:-murder, attempted murder, treason, concealing treason andoffences specified to be tried only in the Supreme Court. It hascriminal jurisdiction to hear most indictable offences, with aJudge sitting with a Jury of twelve. A single judge also has

jurisdiction to hear appeals from a Magistrates Court and theChildrens Court.

A person either knowingly or unknowingly transports illegaldrugs usually from one country to another.


Okruni sud

Okruni sud

fi

Prenosilac droge

Prenosilac droga

Tribunale di secondo grado

Jrhe;ty cel

Maxkamada county Court-ka

Tribunal de jurisdiccin intermedia

Blge mahkemesi

Toa trung cap

Corriere di droghe/Stupefacenti

Ghtytcedfx yf lhjub

Qaadaha daroogada

Persona que transporta drogas ilcitas

Uyuturucu madde kaaks

Ke van chuyen ma tuy (toi pham)

COURT COVENANT (CIVIL) C



45/241

1. The place where disputes between people are decided byapplying the law.

2. The person (judge or magistrate) or persons (more than one

judge; a judge and jury) who decide disputes between peopleby:

(a) accepting or rejecting evidence;

(b) applying the law;

(c) deciding upon a penalty or remedy.

An agreement usually used in land law eg. agree not to put upa dividing fence etc.

ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 45

1. Sud 2. Sudsko vijee

1. Sud 2. Sudsko vijee

Corte/Tribunale

Cel

,

Maxkamad

rgano jurisdiccional: tribunal, juzgado, corte

Mahkeme

Toa an

Dogovor

Ugovor, klauzula ugovora, sporazum

fi, fi (fi )

Clausola contrattuale

Cgjujl,f

(), fl,

, ,

Heshiiska badanaa loo isticmaalo sharciga dhulka

Pacto, convenio

Anlama/aklama (tapu zerinde)

Thoa c (dan s)

CRIME REPORT CRIMINAL LAWC



46/241

46

Report for police to use to record and distribute details of areported crime.

Laws which regulate the conduct of individuals towards thewhole of society, the breach of which will be investigated bythe State (the police). The alleged offender is prosecuted in acourt on behalf of the State and, if the court decides that the

law has been broken, the offender is liable to punishment.


Izvjetaj o krivinom djelu

Izvjetaj o krivinom djelu

Krivino pravo

Krivino (kazneno) pravo

fi

Rapporto di reato

Bpdtinf pf rhbdbxyj ltkj

Warbixinta la xiriirta dembiga oo booliisku diiwaangeliyo

Informe sobre un delito

Su raporu

Bien ban toi pham

Diritto penale

Rhbdbxyj ghfdj

()

Sharciga dembiga

Derecho penal

Ceza hukuku

Hnh luat

CROSS-EXAMINATION CROWN C



47/241


When the prosecutor or the barrister for the accused asksquestions of a witness called to give evidence for the otherparty. After the witness swears or affirms to tell the truth, he/sheis examined by the prosecutor or the barrister representing the

party who calls him/her to give evidence. The examination iscalled examination-in-chief. He/she is then cross-examined bythe prosecutor or the barrister representing the other party in anattempt to challenge the accuracy of his/her evidence. The firstprosecutor or the barrister may then re-examine the witness toclarify any points raised during cross-examination.

The position or office of the sovereign (King or Queen) asdistinct from the current occupant of that position. In Australia,the Crown is represented by the Governor-General at theCommonwealth level and by the Governor at the State level.

47

Unakrsno ispitivanje

Unakrsno ispitivanje

Controinterrogatorio

Drhcntyj bcgbnedft

Ka-kor-ka-wareeg

Repreguntas / contrainterrogatorio (Puerto Rico)

Tann durumada sorgulanmas

Chat van bang c

Drava

Drava

, fi

Rheyf> rhfkcrf dkfcn> lh;fdyf dkfcn

fl ,

Dawlada

El Estado, la Corona

Devlet/hazine

Vng quyen

Autorit che rappresenta la corona


48/241

DDAMAGES DE FACTO DECREE



49/241


Odteta

Odteta

1. fi 2.

Risarcimento danni

Intnf

,

Dhibta dhibanaha/magdhowga

Indemnizacin por daos y perjuicios

Tazminat

Khoan boi thng thiet hai

De Facto

De facto

1. fi2.

Convivenza

Dceiyjcn !lt afrnj@

1. 2.

()

Guur aan sharciga waafaqsanayn

1. De hecho 2. Pareja de hecho

Nikahsz birlikte olma

V chong khong hon thu

Presuda

Presuda

fi

Ordine/Sentenza di divorzio

Celcrf jlkerf

,

, , ,

Goaanka maxkamadda ee xiriirafuriinka

Sentencia, fallo, auto, declaracin

Karar

Phan quyet

49

1. The money claimed as relief from

the cause of action litigated by a person

who alleges that he/she has suffered a

loss as the result of the unlawful

action(s) of another person.

2. The money awarded to a plaintiff or

complainant by a court to compensate

for the loss suffered as the result of the

unlawful action(s) of another person.

1. In fact; in reality. For example, a

marriage relationship not recognised or

established according to law.

2. A partner in such a marriage.

An order of a court pronounced after

the hearing of a suit, usually referring

to a divorce.

D DECREE NISIA di i l d b h F il C

AND ABSOLUTE

Th d b fi l d i

DEED

A i d hi h i i d



50/241


i konana

i konana presuda

fi

Sentenza definitiva di divorzio

Htitybtnj pf hfpdjl yf ,hfrjncnfyedf ghfdjcbkyj , fl

Isfurid rasmi ah

Sentencia firme (o definitiva) dedivorcio

Kesinlemi karar

vavnh vien

Dokument

Isprava, dokument

, fi

Atto legale

Bpdhity ljrevtyn

, ,

Dukuminti qoran, saxiixan, xiran oola gaarsiiyo cidda ay khusayso

Escritura

Senet/resmi belge

Chng th

Uslovna presuda

Uvjetna presuda u brakorazvodnojparnici

fi

Sentenza provvisoria di scioglimentodi matrimonio

Htitybt pf eckjdty hfpdjl yf,hfrjn

,

Goaanka burinta guurka

Sentencia provisional de divorcio

Geici karar

Quyet nh ly hon tam thi

50

A conditional order by the Family Court

that the marriage of 2 parties is

dissolved.

The order becomes final and parties

can marry after 1 month and 1 day.

A written document which is signed,

sealed and delivered.

DDEED POLLA document which shows that a person

DEFAULT SUMMONS

A summons which alleges that the

DEFENCE COUNSEL

Also called defendants barrister



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Jednostrani pismeni ugovor

Dokument o promjeni imena

(fi)

Atto unilaterale

Ljrevtyn ltrf kbwtnj ujghjvtybkj bvtnj

,

Dukuminti sheegaya in qof qaataymagac kaleEscritura acreditativa de cambio denombre por declaracin unilateral devoluntad

sim deitirme belgesi

Chng t oi ten

Navod o neplaenom dugu

Zahtjev za plaanje duga

Citazione per inadempienza

Celcrf gjrfyf pfhflb ytdhfnty ljku

fl fl,

U yeerid ka dib marka qof fulinwaayo amar ahaa inuu lacag bixiyo

Notificacin de demanda por impagode deuda

Bor davas celbi

Lenh toa yeu cau tra n

Advokat odbrane

Odvjetnik (Advokat) obrane

Avvocato difensore


52/241


Zakleti svjedok

Izjavitelj

fi

Chi fa una deposizione/Teste

Bpfdbntk !gjl pfrktndf@

, fl fl

Qofka saxiixa afadayfitka

Declarante, deponente

Yeminli beyanda bulunan kii

Ngi lap tkhai hu the

Deportacija

Deportacija

Deportazione

Ghjnthedft jl ptvfnf

,

Ka saarid ama ka dhoofin wadan

Expulsin del pas, deportacin

Snrd etmek

Truc xuat

Optueni

Tuenik, optuenik, okrivljeni (ugraanskoj parnici)

, fi

Accusato/Imputato

J,dbytn

,

,

Is-difaacaha/dacwaysanahaQofka dacwadda loo haysto

Demandado, acusado

Daval

B cao/B n

52

A person against whom an action,

information or other civil proceeding is

brought; also a person being charged

with an offence.

The person who swears or affirms an

affidavit.

To expel someone from a country.

DDEPOSITIONA statement on oath of a witness in a

DETERRENCE

A factor taken into account by a Court

DISCRETION

A courts right to exercise personal



53/241

53

A statement on oath of a witness in a

judicial proceeding which is taken

down in writing.

A factor taken into account by a Court

when sentencing an offender to

discourage the repetition of similar acts

either by the offender or by others.

A court s right to exercise personal

judgment.

Nahoenje

Slobodna volja

,

Discrezione

Celjn htifdf cgjhtl cdjtcjuktledft

Awood gaar-ahaneed

Discrecionalidad, discrecin

Mahkemenin takdir hakk

Tuy y

Pismeni iskaz pod zakletvom

Pismeni iskaz pod prisegom(zakletvom)

`

Deposizione/Testimonianza

Bpfdf gjl pfrktndf

fl fl

Qoraalka lagu dhaariyo markhaantiga

Declaracin jurada y por escrito

Yeminli ifade

Cung thu the

Odvraanje

Odvraanje

fi ,

Fattore deterrente

Pfgkfiedft> jldhfft

Ka hortegid

Disuasin, efecto disuasivo

Caydrc olma zellii

Ran e


D DOCKThe enclosure in court in which the

DISPOSITION

Bestowal by deed or will.

DISQUALIFICATION OF APERSON TO DRIVE

Where a person does not have a



54/241


Optuenika klupa

Optuenika klupa

Banco degli imputati

J,dbytntkyf rkegf

fl fl

Barta dacweysanaha ee maxkamada

Banquillo de los acusados

Sank yeri

Vanh mong nga

Zabrana vonje nekoj osobi

Oduzimanje vozake dozvole

Sospensione della patente di guidaInterdizione dalla guida

Pf,hfyf pf djptt

fl

Laysan ka qaadid

Inhabilitacin para conducir

Src belgesinin iptal edilmesi

Tc quyen lai xe

Darovnica

Darovnica, dispozicija

( )

Disposizione testamentaria

Hfcgjkfuft cj bvjn jcnfdty cjntcnfvtyn

fl ()

,

Nadaamin

Traspaso, enajenacin, transferencia,disposicin testamentaria

Mirastan salanan yarar

Cach giai quyet

54

accused is placed during his trial.

y p

licence or their previous licence has

been cancelled, that person is

disqualified from driving for a period

of time.

DDOMICILEThe place where a person has his or

DOUBLE JEOPARDY

Principle that a person cannot be tried for a crime for which they have already been



55/241


Prebivalite

Prebivalite

fi

Domicilio

Gjcnjfyj vtcnj yf ;bdttt

fl

Meesha qofku degan yahay

Domicilio

Srekli oturduu yer

Ni c ngu

Dvostruki rizik

, fi

Principio che vieta il doppio processo per lo stesso reato

Gjdnjhyj celtt pf bcnj ltkj

Dib looguma noqdaan

Excepcin de cosa juzgada

Ayn sutan tekrar yarglanamamak

Ch b x toi mot lan

55

her legal home therefore the place

which determines the legal system

relevant to that person; usually the

place of permanent residence.

acquitted or convicted.

Naelo neosuivanja dvaput za isto djelo ili za koje je osoba bila osloboena

D DRINK AND DRIVETo drive under the influence of

DURESS

To compel a person to perform an act

DUTY LAWYER SERVICES

Usually provided by the Legal Aid



56/241


Prinuda

Prisila

fi, fi

Coercizione

Gjl ghbyelf

,

Ku-sandulayn

Coaccin

Zor kullanma

Cng bach

Deurni advokati

Odvjetnik na dunosti

fi fi

Servizi legali gratuiti da parte diavvocati dufficio

Eckeub jl fldjrfnjn yf ljk;yjcn

Adeegyada garyaqaanka shaqada kujira

Asistencia jurdica gratuita prestadapor el abogado en turno de oficio

Nbeti avukat hizmeti

Dch vu luat s trc

Vonja pod uticajem alkohola

Vonja pod utjecajem alkohola

fi fi/

Guida in stato di ubriachezza

Djptt gjl dkbfybt yf fkrj[jk

fl fl

Gaari wadid adoo cabsan

Conducir bajo los efectos del alcohol

Alkoll ara kullanmak

Uong ru lai xe

56

intoxicating liquor or of a drug. against their own will either by

physical assault on their person, or

someone else.

Commission of Victoria. A lawyer is

present at court to represent and

advise people (usually in criminal

matters) free of charge in pleas of guiltyand bail applications.

EEASEMENTA right over land belonging to another.

E i l d

EJECTMENT PROCEEDINGS

To commence court/legal action to gain

t l f t /l d U ll t t

EMBEZZLEMENT

When a worker receives

t / f th i l d



57/241


Pravo koritenja

Pravo koritenja tueg posjeda

Servit/Diritto duso

Ghfdj yf rjhbcntt nef ptvf

, fl

Xuquuq dhul kale lagu leeyahay

Servidumbre (de uso)

Arsa zerinde bo braklmas gerekenblm

Quyen vao at ngi khac lam chu

Proces protjerivanja

Deloacija, izgon

A

Causa o procedura di esproprio/sfratto

Bcnthedft jl bvjn

fl

,

Bilaabida fal sharci/maxkamadeed si

loo hello yeelashada kantaroolidaguri/dhul

Accin posesoria, diligencias delanzamiento/desahucio/desalojo

Tahliye davas

Thu tuc truc xuat

Pronevjera

Utaja, pronevjera

fi,

Appropriazione indebita

Ghjytdthf

,

Xatooyo xoola dadweyne

Desfalco, malversacin de fondos

Zimmete geirme

Bien thu

57

Eg., sewerage pipes on land

easement prevents construction.

control of property/land. Usually starts

by getting person/company out of

property.

property/money for their employer and

converts it for their own use.

E EMPANELLING OF JURYThe process of selecting a jury where

the judges associate selects a card

ENTRY PERMIT

Permission to enter into the country.

(Usually Migration Act) Permission to

EQUITABLE CHARGES

A security for a debt where the lender

does not get the legal estate



58/241


Ulazna dozvola

Ulazna dozvola

`A fi ( )

Permesso di entrata nel paese

Jlj,htybt pf dktp

Ogolaanshaha wadan gelida

Permiso de entrada

Giri izni

Giay nhap canh

Dunika garancija

Jamstvo za dug

Privilegi o garanzie immobiliari

Ufhfywbf pf ljku pf rj yt tpfkj;ty bvjn

fl,

Rahmad u dhiganta

Afectacin (de bienes) en garanta depago

Bor garantisi

The chap cong bang bao am n

Sastavljanje porote

Imenovanje porote

fi fi, fi

Comporre una giuria

Cjcnfdedft gjhjnf

fl

Hawlgelinta xeerbeegta

Constitucin del jurado

Jri heyetini seme ilemi

Tuyen chon boi tham oan

58

the judge s associate selects a card

from a box containing names from the

jury pool, reads the name of the

potential juror, and if not challenged bythe accused or asked to stand aside by

the Crown, the juror then takes his seat

in the jury box.

(Usually Migration Act). Permission to

enter into land.

does not get the legal estate.

EEQUITY FAIRNESSA system of legal rules developed from

about the Middle Ages in England to

EVICTION

Action to have persons/company to

leave rented premises

EVIDENCE

Anything which is allowed by a court to

be presented to it by one of the parties



59/241


Jednakopravnost

Pravinost i nepristranost

Principio della Parit

Ghfdbxyjcn> ytghbcnhfcyjcn

Xaq u sinaanta

Derecho de equidad, basado en lajusticia natural

Eit/adil

Scong bang theo luat cong bang

Deloacija

Protjerivanje s posjeda putem suda

`E

Sfratto

Bcnthedft rbhfbb

Ka saarid

Desahucio, desalojo, lanzamiento

Tahliye/karma

uoi nha

Dokazi

Iskaz, dokazni materijal

Afi,

Testimonianza/prova/deposizione

Ljrfp> cdtljxtt> ljrfptyvfnthbfk

, ,

,

Caddayn

Pruebas, medios de prueba, pruebasdocumentales, testimonio

Delil/kant

Bang chng

59

about the Middle Ages in England to

modify the harshness of the Common

Law. Refers mainly to civil

proceedings.

leave rented premises. be presented to it by one of the parties

involved in the case before the court to

prove a fact upon which their case

relies. It may be verbal or written and itmay or may not be accepted by the

court as proof. Admission of evidence

is controlled by the laws of evidence

and rules of court.

E EVIDENCE IN CHIEFInitial evidence given by a witness

before any cross-examination etc.

EX GRATIA

As a matter of favour. An act done

when there is no obligation. Usually in

EX PARTE

Of the one part. An application made

ex parte is made by one party only (i.e.,



60/241


Ex gratia

Ex gratia, besplatno

Senza obbligo/Per favore

Jl ,kfujlfhyjcn

,

,

Asxaan fal

A ttulo gratuito

Zorunlu olmakszn yaplan yardm

V thien y

Ex Parte

Ex parte, jednostrano

M

Processo unilaterale/Processo Incontumacia

Dj jncecndj yf lheufnf cnhfyf

, fl

,

Cid dana ku leh

En ausencia de la parte demandada,o a instancias de terceros

Tek tarafl dava (dierinin gyabnda)

n phng

Prvi iskaz

Iskaz svjedoka

E

Testimonianza preliminare prima delcontrointerrogatorio

Cdtljxtt ghtl lf gjxyt drhcntyjbcgbnedft

fl, ..

,

Caddaynta ugu horaysa

Testimonio prestado durante elprimer interrogatorio directo

Tann ilk ifadesi

Bang chng chu yeu

60

y g y

the form of a payment of money to

remedy some act or omission which

may have resulted in hardship had thepayment not been made.

p y p y y ( ,

in the absence of the other party) or

may be made by an interested person

who is not a party.

EEX NUPTIALOut of marriage.

EXAMINATION (IN CHIEF/CROSS/RE-)

In chief: When a solicitor/barrister asks questions of a witness called to give evidence

for their own client.



61/241


Ex Nuptial

Ex nuptial, vanbrano

, fi

Extraconiugale

Djy,hfxty

Ka baxsan guurka

Fuera del matrimonio,extramatrimonial

Evlilik d

Ngoai hon

Ispitivanje (prvo, unakrsno, dodatno)

Ispitivanje (prvo, unakrsno, dodatno)

1. E 2. A (fi ) 3. E

Interrogatorio di un teste/Interrogatorio in contradditorio/Riesame del testedopo il controinterrogatorio

Bcgbnedft> djdtlyj bcgbnedft> drhcntyj bcgbnedft> gjdnjhyjbcgbnedft

(fl//)

( / / )

Interrogatorio directo/repreguntas, contrainterrogatorio/segundo interrogatoriodirecto

Sorgulama

Tham van (chuyeu/chat van/tham van lai)

61

Cross: When a solicitor/barrister asks questions of a witness called to give evidence

for the other party.

Re: Examination (Questions) after cross examination of a witness by a party for whom

they were called related to matters arising out of cross examination.

Waxweydiinta iyo ka-kor-ka-wareega

E EXEMPTIONExcluding.

EXHIBIT

A document or thing produced for the

inspection of the court or shown to a

EXPERT WITNESS

A person called to give expert evidence

during a court case, eg., a doctor,



62/241


Dokazni materijal

Dokazni materijal

,

Documento o oggetto esposto ingiudizio

Ljrfpty vfnthbfk

Soo bandhigid

Documento u objeto presentados yadmitidos como medio de prueba,pieza de conviccin

Delil, kant

Tang vat

Struni svjedok

Struni svjedok-vjetak

,

Perito legale

Dtinfr

-

Khabiirka maxkamadda

Perito (llamado a emitir dictamenante un tribunal)

Bilirkii tank

Nhan chng chuyen mon

Izuzee

Izuzetak

,

Esonero

Bcrkexedft

, ,

,

Laga saaray

Exencin

Muafiyet/ayr tutma

ac mien

62

witness. surgeon, handwriting expert.

EEXPIATIONTo make amends.

EXTORTION

Anyone who uses his/her position to

take property/money which is not due

f th

EXTRADITION

Legal Process, where a person accused

of a criminal offence in one jurisdiction

( St t ) d h h i t



63/241


Pokajanje

Pokajanje i namirenje

, fi

Espiazione

Gjghfdrf

, ()

Wax ka bedelid

Expiacin

Suunu affettirme

Sa oi

Iznuivanje

Ucjena, iznuivanje

E fi

Estorsione

Bpyeledft bvjn bkb gfhb

Baad

Extorsin, concusin

Hara alma

Tong tien

Izruenje

Izruenje

`E ( )

Estradizione

Ghtlfdft yf ghtcnfgybr yf lheubyflkt;yb jhufyb ,

,

Dib u celin

Extradicin

Sulunun iadesi

Dan o

63

from another. (eg., State) and who has come into

another jurisdiction (State) is

surrendered by authorities from thesecond jurisdiction to authorities where

the criminal offence occurred.

F FELONYTraditionally, the most serious offences such as murder,

manslaughter, rape and treason were called felonies. Less

serious offences were called misdemeanours The introduction

FIDUCIARY

The relationship of one person to another, where the first

person is bound to exercise rights and powers in good faith for

the benefit of the other A person who holds a position of trust



64/241


Punomonik

Povjerenik

, fi

Fiduciario

Ljdthtybr

Waajibaadka qof ku leeyahay qofka kale

Fiduciario

Gvenilen kimse/vekil

Ngi thuthac tai san

Teko krivino djelo

Teko krivino djelo

Crimine/Delitto/Reato grave

Pkjcnjhcndj

(fl)

Dembi weyn oo khatara

Delito grave, crimen

Ar su

Trong toi

64

serious offences were called misdemeanours. The introduction

of the Crime (Classifications of Offences) At 1981 abolished

these terms. The most serious offences are now known asSerious Indictable Offences and the lesser offences are known

as Indictable Offences and Summary Offences. Although the

term has been abolished by statute, lawyers are sometimes in

the habit of referring to serious indictable offences as felonies.

the benefit of the other. A person who holds a position of trust

banker, solicitor, etc.

FFINGERPRINTSFingerprints are the characteristic

patterns of a persons fingers, which

are used as a means of identification

FORENSIC EVIDENCE

Expert evidence given based on

applying medical knowledge to the

purposes of law eg fingerprints

FORENSIC MEDICINE

Science of applying medical knowledge

to the purposes of law.



65/241


Otisci prstiju

Otisci prstiju

Impronte digitali

Jngtxfnjwb yf ghcnbnt

Fara-qaadis

Huellas dactilares o digitales

Parmak izi

Dau tay

Forensiki dokazi

Dokazi sudske medicine

A

Prove di perizia legale

Ljrfpyb vfnthbfkb jl celcrfvtlbwbyf

-fl

Aqoonta cilmiyeed oo lagu baro fartaama raadka

Dictamen emitido por mdicoforense

Adli tp delilleri

Bang chng phap y

Sudska medicina

Sudska medicina

I

Medicina legale

Celcrf vtlbwbyf

-fl

Cilmiga daawada ee wax baarista

Medicina forense

Adli tp

Phap y

65

are used as a means of identification. purposes of law, eg., fingerprints,

identification of drugs.

F

G

FORFEITURE

Legal process where a person loses a

legal entitlement, eg., property.

FRAUD

Any dishonest/deceptive conduct. Can

be either civil (fraudulent

misrepresentation) or criminal (obtain

GAMING

To play any game of chance.

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Glosario Multilenguaje de Términos Jurídicos - JPR504