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Japanese Giant Monster, King of the Movie Monsters!

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  • 5/23/2018 Godzilla

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    Godzilla

    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    Godzilla

    Godzilla portrayed in battle against theJSDFin a

    publicity photo for hisdebut movie

    Alias King of the Monsters[1][2][3]

    Gigantis[4]

    Monster Zero-One[5]

    Alpha Predator[6]

    First appearance: Godzilla(1954)

    Latest appearance: Godzilla(2014)

    Created by: Tomoyuki Tanaka

    Ishiro Honda

    Eiji Tsubaraya

    Designed by: Akira Watanabe

    Teiz Toshimitsu[7]

    Portrayed by: Shwa Series:

    Haruo Nakajima[8][9]

    Katsumi Tezuka[8][9]

    Y Sekida[8][9]

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan_Self-Defense_Forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan_Self-Defense_Forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan_Self-Defense_Forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-Godzilla1956-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-Godzilla1956-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(2014_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(2014_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomoyuki_Tanakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomoyuki_Tanakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishiro_Hondahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishiro_Hondahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eiji_Tsubarayahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eiji_Tsubarayahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Akira_Watanabe_(film_art_director)&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Akira_Watanabe_(film_art_director)&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teiz%C3%B4_Toshimitsu&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haruo_Nakajimahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haruo_Nakajimahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-Am._Godzilla-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-Am._Godzilla-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katsumi_Tezukahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katsumi_Tezukahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-Am._Godzilla-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-Am._Godzilla-9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Y%C5%AB_Sekida&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Y%C5%AB_Sekida&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-Am._Godzilla-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-Am._Godzilla-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Godzilla_'54_design.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-Am._Godzilla-9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Y%C5%AB_Sekida&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Y%C5%AB_Sekida&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-Am._Godzilla-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katsumi_Tezukahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katsumi_Tezukahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-Am._Godzilla-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haruo_Nakajimahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haruo_Nakajimahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teiz%C3%B4_Toshimitsu&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Akira_Watanabe_(film_art_director)&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eiji_Tsubarayahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishiro_Hondahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomoyuki_Tanakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(2014_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-Godzilla1956-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-Godzilla1956-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan_Self-Defense_Forces

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    Ryosaku Takasugi[9]

    Seiji Onaka

    Shinji Takagi

    Isao Zushi

    Toru Kawai

    Heisei Series:

    Kenpachiro Satsuma

    Millennium Series:

    Tsutomu Kitagawa

    Mizuho Yoshida

    Godzilla(Gojira?)(/dzl/;[odia]( listen)) is a giant monster ordaikaijuoriginating from a series oftokusatsufilms of the same name fromJapan.Hefirst appeared inIshir Honda's 1954 filmGodzilla.Since then, Godzilla has gone on to

    become a worldwide pop culture icon starring in 28 films produced byToho Co., Ltd..The character has appeared innumerous other medium incarnationsincludingvideogames,novels,comic books,andtelevision series.A 1998American reimaginingwas

    produced byTri-Star Pictures(the title monster of which was renamed toZillaby Tohofor later appearances), while asecond American versionbyLegendary Pictureswasreleased on May 16, 2014.[10]The character is commonly alluded to by the title King ofthe Monsters, an epithet first used in theAmericanized versionof Ishiro Honda'soriginal 1954 film.

    With thenuclear bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasakiand theLucky Dragon 5incident still fresh in the Japanese consciousness, Godzilla was conceived as a metaphorfornuclear weapons.[11]As the film series expanded, some stories took on less seriousundertones portraying Godzilla as a hero while other plots still portrayed Godzilla as adestructive monster; sometimes the lesser of two threats who plays the defender bydefault but is still a danger to humanity.

    Contents

    1 Name 2 Character overview and development 3 Appearances 4 Cultural impact 5 References 6 External links

    Name

    Gojira(?)is aportmanteauof the Japanese words:gorira(?,"gorilla"),and kujira(?,"whale"), which is fitting because in one planning stage,Godzilla was described as "a cross between a gorilla and a whale",[12]alluding to hissize, power and aquatic origin. One popular story is that "Gojira" was actually the

    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dia.org/wiki/Godzilla#Appearanceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#Appearanceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#Cultural_impacthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#Cultural_impacthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portmanteauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portmanteauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portmanteauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-A-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-A-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-A-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Godzilla.ogghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-A-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portmanteauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#Cultural_impacthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#Appearanceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#Character_overview_and_developmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#Namehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_weaponhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daigo_Fukury%C5%AB_Maruhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasakihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla,_King_of_the_Monstershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legendary_Pictureshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(2014_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zilla_(Toho)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tri-Star_Pictureshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1998_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(franchise)#Televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(comics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_video_gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_video_gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(franchise)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tohohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishir%C5%8D_Hondahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokusatsuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaijuhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Godzilla.ogghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Japanesehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Englishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Englishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mizuho_Yoshida_(actor)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsutomu_Kitagawahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenpachiro_Satsumahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toru_Kawaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seiji_Onaka&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-Am._Godzilla-9

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    nickname of a corpulent stagehand at Toho Studio.[13]The story has not been verified,however, and, in the nearly sixty years since the film's original release, no one claimingto be the rumored employee has ever stepped forward nor have any photographs eversurfaced. Kimi Honda (the widow ofIshiro Honda)always suspected that the man neverexisted as she mentioned in a 1998 interview, "The backstage boys at Toho loved to

    joke around with tall stories".[14]

    Godzilla's name was written inatejias Gojira(?), where thekanjiare used forphonetic value and not for meaning. Many Japanese books on Godzilla have referencedthis curious fact, includingB Media Books Special: Gojira Gah, published by Take-Shobo in three different editions (1993, 1998,[15]and 1999).[citation needed]

    The Japanese pronunciation of the name is[odia]( listen); the Anglicized form is/dzl/,with the first syllable pronounced like the word "god", and the rest rhymingwith "gorilla". In theHepburn romanizationsystem, Godzilla's name is rendered as"Gojira", whereas in theKunrei romanizationsystem it is rendered as "Gozira".

    Character overview and development

    Although the specific details of Godzilla's appearance have varied slightly over theyears, the overall impression has remained consistent.[16]Inspired by the fictional

    Rhedosauruscreated by animatorRay Harryhausenfor the filmThe Beast from 20,000Fathoms,[17]Godzilla's iconic character design was conceived as that of anamphibiousreptilian monster based around the loose concept of a dinosaur[18]with an erect standing

    posture, scaly skin, an anthropomorphic torso with muscular arms, spikes on its backand tail, and a furrowed brow.[19]Art director Akira Watanabe combined attributes of a

    Tyrannosaurus,anIguanodon,aStegosaurusand analligator[20]to form a sort ofblendedchimera,inspired by illustrations from an issue ofLifemagazine.[21]Toemphasise the monster's relationship with the atomic bomb, its skin texture was inspired

    by thekeloidscars seen on Hiroshima's survivors.[22]Godzilla's appearance hastraditionally been portrayed in the films byan actor wearing a latex costume,though thecharacter has also been rendered inanimatronic,stop-motionandcomputer-generatedform. Godzilla has a distinctive roar, which was created by composerAkira Ifukube,who produced the sound by rubbing a resin coated glove along the string of acontrabassand then slowing down the playback.[23]Godzilla is sometimes depicted as green incomics, cartoons and movie posters, but the costumes used in the movies were usually

    painted charcoal grey with bone-white dorsal fins up until the filmGodzilla 2000.[24]

    Godzilla's iconic design features a reptilian visage, a robust build, an upright posture, along tail and rows of serrated fins along the back.

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    Within the context of the Japanese films, Godzilla's exact origins vary, but it isgenerally depicted as an enormous, violent, prehistoric sea monster awakened andempowered by nuclear radiation.[25]Its size is inconsistent, changing from film to filmand even from scene to scene for the sake of artistic license.[26]The miniature sets andcostumes are typically built at a 1/25 - 1/50 scale[27]and filmed at 240 frames per

    second, to create the illusion of great size.[28]

    Inthe original 1954 film,Godzilla wasscaled to be 50 meters tall (164 feet).[29]This was done so Godzilla could just peer overthe largest buildings in Tokyo at the time.[30]In the American version, Godzilla is saidto be "over 400 feet tall."[1][31]As the series progressed Toho would rescale thecharacter, eventually making Godzilla as tall as 100 meters (328 feet).[32]This was sothat it wouldn't be dwarfed by the newer bigger buildings in Tokyo's skyline such as the242 meter (797 foot) tallTokyo Metropolitan Government Buildingwhich Godzilladestroyed in the 1991 filmGodzilla vs King Ghidorah.Supplementary information suchas character profiles would also depict Godzilla as weighing between 20,000-60,000tons.[33]In the 2014 American filmGodzilla,Godzilla was scaled to be 350 feet tall(106 meters), making him the biggest incarnation of the character yet. DirectorGareth

    Edwardswanted Godzilla "to be so big as to be seen from anywhere in the city, but nottoo big that he couldnt be obscured".[34]Godzilla's signature weapon is its "atomic

    breath," a nuclear blast that it generates inside of its body and unleashes from its jaws inthe form of a blue or red radioactive heat ray.[35]Tohos special effects department hasused various techniques to render the breath, from physical gas-powered flames[36]tohand-drawn or computer-generated fire. Godzilla is shown to possess immense physicalstrength and muscularity. Haruo Nakajima, the actor who played Godzilla in theoriginal films, was ablack beltin Judo and used his expertise to choreograph the battlesequences.[37]Godzilla can breathe underwater,[35]and described in the original film bythe character Dr. Yamane as atransitional formbetween a marine and a terrestrialreptile. Godzilla is shown to have great vitality: it is immune to conventional weaponrythanks to its rugged hide and ability toregenerate,[38]and as a result of surviving anuclear explosion, it cannot be destroyed by anything less powerful.[39]Various films,television shows, comics and games have depicted Godzilla with additional powerssuch as anatomic pulse,magnetism,precognition,fireballs,an electric bite,[40]superhuman speed,eye beamsand evenflight.

    Godzilla's allegiance and motivations have changed from film to film to suit the needsof the story. Although Godzilla does not like humans,[41]it will fight alongsidehumanity against common threats. However, it makes no special effort to protect humanlife or property[42]and will turn against its human allies on a whim. It is not motivated

    to attack by predatory instinct: it doesn't eat people,[26]

    and instead sustains itself onradiation[43]and an omnivorous diet.[39][44]When inquired if Godzilla was "good orbad", producer Shogo Tomiyama likened it to aShinto"God of Destruction" whichlacks moral agency and cannot be held to human standards of good and evil. "He totallydestroys everything and then there is a rebirth. Something new and fresh can begin."[26]

    The gender of the Godzilla character has been a subject of confusion for English-speaking audiences.[45]In the original Japanese films, Godzilla and all the othermonsters are referred to withgender-neutral pronounssuch as "it",[46]while in theEnglish dubbed versions, Godzilla is explicitly described as a male, such as in the titleofGodzilla, King of the Monsters!.The1998 Hollywood remakecontributed to this

    confusion, in which the titular character (subsequently known asZilla)[47]

    was depictedlaying eggs.

    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    In the various stories it has appeared in, Godzilla has been featured alongside manysupporting characters. It has faced human opponents such as theJSDF,and other giantmonsters, from recurring characters likeKing Ghidorah,GiganandMechagodzillatoone-shot characters likeMegalon,BiollanteandMegaguirus.Godzilla is also shown tohave allies, such asMothra,RodanandAnguirus(though these characters were initially

    portrayed as Godzilla's rivals), and children, such asMinilla.Godzilla has even foughtagainst fictional characters from other franchises in crossover media, such asKingKongand theFantastic Four.

    Appearances

    Main articles:Godzilla (franchise)andGodzilla (comics)

    Cultural impact

    Main article:Godzilla in popular culture

    Godzilla's star on theHollywood Walk of Fame.

    Godzilla is one of the most recognizable symbols of Japanesepopular cultureworldwide[48][49]and remains an important facet of Japanese films, embodying thekaijusubset of thetokusatsugenre. Godzillas vaguely humanoid appearance and strained,lumbering movements endeared it to Japanese audiences, who could relate to Godzillaas a sympathetic character despite its wrathful nature.[50]Audiences respond positivelyto the character because it acts out of rage and self-preservation and shows wherescience and technology can go wrong.[51]Godzilla has been considered a filmographicmetaphorfor the United States, as well as an allegory of nuclear weapons in general.The earlier Godzillafilms, especially theoriginal,portrayed Godzilla as a frightening,

    nuclear monster. Godzilla represented the fears that many Japanese held about thenuclear attacks onHiroshimaandNagasaki,and the possibility of recurrence.[52]

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSDFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSDFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSDFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Ghidorahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Ghidorahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Ghidorahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechagodzillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechagodzillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechagodzillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biollantehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biollantehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biollantehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megaguirushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megaguirushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megaguirushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mothrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mothrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mothrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anguirushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anguirushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anguirushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Konghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Konghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Konghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Konghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fantastic_Fourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fantastic_Fourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fantastic_Fourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(franchise)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(franchise)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(franchise)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(comics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(comics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(comics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_in_popular_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_in_popular_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_in_popular_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Famehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Famehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Famehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaij%C5%ABhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaij%C5%ABhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaij%C5%ABhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokusatsuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokusatsuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokusatsuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-50http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-50http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-50http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiroshimahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiroshimahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiroshimahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagasakihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagasakihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagasakihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Godzilla_statue_tokyo.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Godzillastar.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Godzillastar.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Godzilla_statue_tokyo.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Godzillastar.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Godzillastar.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Godzilla_statue_tokyo.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Godzillastar.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Godzillastar.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagasakihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiroshimahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-50http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokusatsuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaij%C5%ABhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_note-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Famehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_in_popular_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(comics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(franchise)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fantastic_Fourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Konghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Konghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anguirushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mothrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megaguirushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biollantehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechagodzillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Ghidorahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSDF

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    This statue of Godzilla stands inHibiya,Tokyo,which Godzilla destroyed in its debutfilm.[53]

    As the series progressed, so did Godzilla, changing into a less destructive and more

    heroic character as the films became geared towards children. Since then, the characterhas fallen somewhere in the middle, sometimes portrayed as a protector of the worldfrom external threats and other times as a bringer of destruction. Godzilla remains oneof the greatest fictional heroes in the history of film, and is also the second of only threefictional characters to have won theMTVLifetime AchievementAward,which wasawarded in 1996.[54]Godzilla was given a star on theHollywood Walk of Famein 2004to celebrate the premiere of the character's 50th anniversary film,Godzilla: FinalWars.[55]Godzilla's pop-cultural impact has led to the creation of numerous parodiesand tributes, as seen in media such asBambi Meets Godzilla,which was ranked as oneof the "50 greatest cartoons",[56]various episodes ofMystery Science Theater 3000,[57]and the song "Godzilla", byBlue yster Cult.[58]Godzilla has also been used in

    advertisements, such as in a commercial forNike,where Godzilla lost a game ofbasketballto NBA playerCharles Barkley.[59]The commercial was subsequentlyadapted into acomic bookillustrated byJeff Butler.Godzilla has also appeared in acommercial for Snickers candy bar, which served as an indirect promo for the 2014movie. Godzilla's success inspired the creation of numerous other monster characters,such asGamera,YonggaryandGorgo.

    Godzilla's fame and saurian appearance has had an impact on the scientific community.Gojirasaurusis adubious genusofcoelophysiddinosaur, named bypaleontologistandadmitted Godzilla fanKenneth Carpenter.[60]Dakosaurusis an extinctmarine crocodileof theJurassic Period,which researchers informallynicknamed"Godzilla".[61]Paleontologists have written tongue-in-cheek speculative articles about Godzilla's

    biology, with Ken Carpenter tentatively classifying it as aceratosaurbased on its skullshape, four fingered hands and dorsal scutes, and paleontologistDarren Naishexpressing skepticism while commenting on Godzilla's unusual morphology.[62]

    Godzilla's ubiquity in pop-culture has led to the mistaken assumption that the characteris in thepublic domain,resulting in litigation by Toho to protect their corporate assetfrom becoming ageneric trademark.In April 2008,Subwaydepicted a giant monster ina commercial for their Five Dollar Footlong sandwich promotion. Toho filed a lawsuitagainst Subway for using the character without permission, demanding $150,000 in

    compensation.[63]

    In February 2011, Toho suedHondafor depicting a fire-breathingmonster in a commercial for theHonda Odyssey.The monster was never mentioned byname, being seen briefly on a video screen inside the minivan.[64]TheSea ShepherdConservation Societychristened a vessel Gojira. Its purpose is to target and harassJapanese whalers in defense of whales in the Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary. TheGojirawas renamedMVBrigitte Bardotin May 2011 due to legal pressure fromToho.[65]Gojirais the name of a Frenchdeath metalband, formerly known as Godzilla;legal problems forced the band to change their name.[66]

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    Ryfle, Steve (1998).Japans Favorite Mon-Star: The Unauthorized Biographyof the Big G. ECW Press.ISBN1550223488.

    Notes

    1. ^Jump up to: abGodzilla, King of the Monsters!1956Toho2. Jump up ^Godzilla vs. Megaguirus2001Toho3. Jump up ^Godzilla: Final Wars2004Toho4. Jump up ^Godzilla Raids Again(US release) 1959Toho5. Jump up ^Invasion of Astro-Monster1965Toho6. Jump up ^Godzilla,2014,Legendary Pictures7. Jump up ^Classic Media Godzilla 2006 DVD -Special Features: Making of The Godzilla Suit

    - Ed Godziszewski8. ^Jump up to: abcTakeo Murata(writer) andIshir Honda(writer/director) (2006).Godzilla

    (DVD).Classic Media.9. ^Jump up to: abcdAl C. Ward(writer) andIshir Honda,Terry Morse(writers/directors)

    (2006).Godzilla, King of the Monsters!(DVD).Classic Media.10. Jump up ^"Godzilla (2014): New Director Gareth Edwards Set Video".Cosmic Booknews.

    Retrieved May 21, 2013.11. Jump up ^Mushroom Clouds and Mushroom Men - The Fantastic Cinema of Ishiro Honda by

    Peter H. Brothers (AuthorHouse 2009)12. Jump up ^Steve Ryfle.Japan's Favorite Mon-Star. ECW Press, 1998. Pg.2213. Jump up ^"Gojira Media".Godzila Gojimm. Toho Co., Ltd. Retrieved November 19, 2010.14. Jump up ^Ryfle 1998,p. 23.15. Jump up ^B Media Books Special: The Godzilla Chronicles Ver. 2: The History of Toho

    Fantastic Movies, 19351998. Japan: Take-Shobo. 1998.ISBN4-8124-0408-8.16. Jump up ^"The Evolution of Godzilla G-suit variation throughout the Monster King's twenty-

    five films".Originally published in G-FAN Issue #16 July/August 1995. Retrieved June 2, 2013.17. Jump up ^Meet Godzilla, Robert Greenberger, 2005 - page 1518. Jump up ^Godzilla First, 1954 ~ 1955, Osamu Kishikawa, 199419. Jump up ^Kravets, David (2008-11-24)."Think Godzillas Scary? Meet His Lawyers".Wired.

    Retrieved May 21, 2013.20. Jump up ^Snider, Mike (2006-08-29)."Godzilla arouses atomic terror".USA Today.Retrieved

    May 30, 2013.21. Jump up ^William M. Tsutsui (2003). Godzilla on My Mind: Fifty Years of the King of

    Monsters. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 23.22. Jump up ^"Gojira".Turner Classic Movies.Retrieved June 2, 2013.23. Jump up ^"The Voice of Godzilla: The Movie Music of Akira Ifukube".Mania. Retrieved May

    21, 2013.24. Jump up ^Making of the Godzilla Suit! Ed Godziszewski25. Jump up ^Peter Bradshaw (2005-10-14)."Godzilla | Culture".London: The Guardian.

    Retrieved 2013-09-25.26. ^Jump up to: abc"Ryuhei Ktamura & Shogo Tomiyama interview - Godzilla Final Wars

    premiere - PennyBlood.com".Web.archive.org. 2005-02-03. Archived fromthe originalon

    2005-02-03. Retrieved 2013-09-25.27. Jump up ^"Godzilla".Gvsdestoroyah.dulcemichaelanya.com. Retrieved 2013-09-25.28. Jump up ^"Amazing and Interesting Facts about Godzilla Special Effects - Special Effects in

    Godzilla Movies - Hi-tech - Kids".Web Japan. Retrieved 2013-09-25.29. Jump up ^"Godzilla (1954) stats and bio page".www.tohokingdom.com. Retrieved 2013-03-

    08.30. Jump up ^Ryfle 1998,p. 27.31. Jump up ^"Godzilla in America A Critical Comparison between the Japanese and American

    Versions of the Godzilla Films".32. Jump up ^"Godzilla (2004) stats and bio page".www.tohokingdom.com. Retrieved 2013-03-

    08.33. Jump up ^"Godzilla (Heisei)".Tohokingdom.com. Retrieved 2013-09-25.34. Jump up ^"The New Godzilla is 350 Feet Tall! Biggest Godzilla Ever!".Movuie Tribute.

    February 28, 2014. Retrieved March 25, 2014.35. ^Jump up to: abAn Anatomical Guide to Monsters, Shoji Otomo, 1967

    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    36. Jump up ^Haruo Nakajima, Godzilla Criterion Collection Blu-Ray special featurette37. Jump up ^The Art of Suit Acting- Classic MediaGodzilla Raids AgainDVD featurette38. Jump up ^Godzilla 200039. ^Jump up to: abGodzilla (1954 film)40. Jump up ^CR Godzilla Pachinkocutscene41. Jump up ^Ghidorah, the Three-Headed Monster,196442. Jump up ^Godzilla: Unleashed- Godzilla 2000 character profile43. Jump up ^The Return of Godzilla44. Jump up ^Godzilla Likes to Roar! by Kerry Milliron and Bob Eggleton45. Jump up ^http://www.godzillatemple.com/feedback.htm46. Jump up ^Godzilla on my Mind, William Tsutsui, page 1247. Jump up ^"Penny Blood Magazine - Godzilla Final Wars".Web.archive.org. Archived from

    the originalon 2005-02-03. Retrieved 2013-09-25.48. Jump up ^Sharp, Jasper (2011).Historical Dictionary of Japanese Cinema. Scarecrow Press.

    p. 67.ISBN9780810857957.49. Jump up ^West, Mark (2008). The Japanification of Children's Popular Culture: From

    Godzilla to Miyazaki. Scarecrow Press. p. vii.ISBN9780810851214.50. Jump up ^Tadao Sato, Godzilla Criterion Collection Blu-Ray special featurette51. Jump up ^"The Psychological Appeal of Movie Monsters".Calstatela.edu. Retrieved 2013-09-

    28.52. Jump up ^The Monster That Morphed Into a Metaphor,By Terrence Rafferty, May 2, 2004,

    NYTimes53. Jump up ^http://en.japantourist.jp/view/ginza-hibiya-tokyo54. Jump up ^"Godzilla Wins The MTV Lifetime Achievement Award In 1996Godzilla video".

    Fanpop. 1954-11-03. Retrieved 2010-04-13.55. Jump up ^"USATODAY.com - Godzilla gets Hollywood Walk of Fame star".

    Usatoday30.usatoday.com. 2004-11-30. Retrieved 2013-09-25.56. Jump up ^Beck, Jerry (ed.) (1994). The 50 Greatest Cartoons: As Selected by 1,000 Animation

    Professionals. Atlanta: Turner Publishing.ISBN 1-878685-49-X.57. Jump up ^"Godzilla Genealogy Bop" - MST3K season 2, episode 13, aired 1991-02-0258. Jump up ^Song Review by Donald A. Guarisco."Godzilla - Blue yster Cult | Listen,

    Appearances, Song Review".AllMusic. Retrieved 2013-09-25.

    59. Jump up ^Martha T. Moore. "Godzilla Meets Barkley on MTV". USA Today. September 9,1992. 1.B.60. Jump up ^K. Carpenter, 1997, "A giant coelophysoid (Ceratosauria) theropod from the Upper

    Triassic of New Mexico, USA",Neues Jahrbuch fr Geologie und Palontologie, Abhandlungen205(2): 189-208

    61. Jump up ^Gasparini Z, Pol D, Spalletti LA. 2006. An unusual marine crocodyliform from theJurassic-Cretaceous boundary of Patagonia. Science311: 70-73.

    62. Jump up ^Naish, Darren (2010-11-01)."The science of Godzilla, 2010Tetrapod Zoology".Scienceblogs.com. Retrieved 2013-09-25.

    63. Jump up ^"Toho sues Subway over unauthorized Godzilla ads".64. Jump up ^"Toho suing Honda over Godzilla".65. Jump up ^"Sea Shepherd Conservation Society :: The Beast Transforms into a Beauty as

    Godzilla Becomes the Brigitte Bardot".Seashepherd.org. 2011-05-25. Retrieved 2013-09-25.

    66. Jump up ^http://www.thegauntlet.com/bio/1611/Gojira.htmlExternal links

    Official WebsiteofToho(Japanese) Godzillaat theInternet Movie Database

    Godzilla

    Shwa

    Godzilla(1954) Godzilla Raids Again(1955) King Kong vs. Godzilla(1962)

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-36http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-36http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_Raids_Againhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_Raids_Againhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_Raids_Againhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-Godzilla_1954_film_39-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-Godzilla_1954_film_39-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-Godzilla_1954_film_39-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-Godzilla_1954_film_39-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-Godzilla_1954_film_39-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-40http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-40http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghidorah,_the_Three-Headed_Monsterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghidorah,_the_Three-Headed_Monsterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghidorah,_the_Three-Headed_Monsterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla:_Unleashedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla:_Unleashedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla:_Unleashedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-43http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Return_of_Godzillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Return_of_Godzillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Return_of_Godzillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-44http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-44http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-45http://www.godzillatemple.com/feedback.htmhttp://www.godzillatemple.com/feedback.htmhttp://www.godzillatemple.com/feedback.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-47http://web.archive.org/web/20050203181104/http:/www.pennyblood.com/godzilla.htmlhttp://web.archive.org/web/20050203181104/http:/www.pennyblood.com/godzilla.htmlhttp://web.archive.org/web/20050203181104/http:/www.pennyblood.com/godzilla.htmlhttp://www.pennyblood.com/godzilla.htmlhttp://www.pennyblood.com/godzilla.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810857957http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810857957http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810857957http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-49http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-49http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810851214http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810851214http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810851214http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-50http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-50http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-51http://www.calstatela.edu/faculty/sfischo/psychological_appeal_of_movie_monsters1.pdfhttp://www.calstatela.edu/faculty/sfischo/psychological_appeal_of_movie_monsters1.pdfhttp://www.calstatela.edu/faculty/sfischo/psychological_appeal_of_movie_monsters1.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-52http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~haroldfs/popcult/handouts/metaphor/godzilla/godzilla.htmlhttp://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~haroldfs/popcult/handouts/metaphor/godzilla/godzilla.htmlhttp://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~haroldfs/popcult/handouts/metaphor/godzilla/godzilla.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-53http://en.japantourist.jp/view/ginza-hibiya-tokyohttp://en.japantourist.jp/view/ginza-hibiya-tokyohttp://en.japantourist.jp/view/ginza-hibiya-tokyohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla#cite_ref-54http://www.fanpop.com/spots/godzilla/videos/7584880/title/godzilla-wins-mtv-lifetime-achievement-award-1996http://www.fanpop.com/spots/godzilla/videos/7584880/title/godzilla-wins-mtv-lifetime-achievement-award-1996http://www.fanpop.com/spots/godzilla/videos/7584880/title/godzilla-wins-mtv-lifetime-achievement-award-1996http://www.fanpop.com/spots/godzilla/videos

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