Gordon 2014 Cf Lanr Mit

8/12/2019 Gordon 2014 Cf Lanr Mit

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"ar%h 21&2'( 2014


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Presentation

SummaryA )ide *ariet+ o, Co&deposition proto%ols ha*e -een .su%%ess,ull+used

Co&deposition has al)a+s -een %redited )ith produ%in hih

loadin ratios

"aneti% and/or ele%tri% elds !a+ to -e i!portant

Fukai suests that loadin ratios %ould -e e*en hiher )ith

produ%tion o,

SAs 311

5 #!pli%ations Suests a lot !oree6peri!entation )ith

%o&deposition

Che!istr+ *s %urrent densit+ and prole *s !aneti% eld *s 777Are produ%ts 8heat( radiation9 di:erent ,or di:erent %onditions7


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At )hat latti%e %on%entration does h+droen -e%o!e a poison7


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Evolution of Co-

epositionFleis%h!ann & ;ons e:e%t pu-lished ?

Cathode -ulk palladiu! 8;d9Lon loadin ti!e o, 2&4 )eeks@6%ess heat di%ult to repli%ate

Szpak & Boss %o&deposition pu-lished


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tempe

rature

!"C#

temperat

ure

!"C#

$emperature vs $ime Pro%le&' Electroanal' Chem'( )ol'*+,( pp' ,-,.+ !/00/#

*0

solution electrodeExp / current o1

*2

*

**

Exp , 3$ 4 *',"C*,

*+

cathode

*/3$ 4 ,'5"C

,0

,2

,

solution ,6

-/+ + /+ ,+time !sec#

thermocouples + ,+ 5+ .+time !min#

$he Electrode is 7armer than the Solution8


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9ot Spots; and 9


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a hot spots - & piezoele%tri%

#n,rared %a!era and polarized ,erroele%tri% ;E$ transdu%erresponses


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SE< of Co-eposited

Pd= >ilm&' Electroanal' Chem' 6+ pp,65-,0+ !,++#Eur Phy & Appl Phys 5+ pp,0*-*+* !,++2#


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a a,ter %o!pletion o, %o&deposition(- e6posed to e6ternal ele%tri% eld( % e6posed to !aneti% eld


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Electrochemical Co-epositionProcesses

8t19809 Di:usion Li!itin

Current

Current&i

i

t829 t819t8'9


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t809 i(1) i(2)J(0)

J(t2)

Sta-ilization


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euterium ?p-ta@e&' Electroanal' Chem' *20 pp /,/-/,2 !/005#

td


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Deuteriu! up&take durin %o&depositionI J% K & !A%!&2andJa K !A%!&2( )ith %ell %urrent re*ersal at 1(2(4( and = se%ondsI

Hih loadin ratios are a%hie*ed durin %o&deposition


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endother!i% a-sorption 0iMiA


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alileo 9Protocol;

$he %o&deposition proto%ol de*eloped atS;AWAR

-+ Szpak and "osier&Boss as part o, theGalileo;roJe%t to %onr! nu%lear parti%leenerationusin CR&'> as an ar%hi*al parti%ledete%tor

;roto%ol and proJe%ts results reported inhttp//ne)ener+ti!esI%o!/*2/proJe%ts/tp/200$G;/200Galileo;roJe%tReportIpd,

;roto%ol su!!ar+A platin phase 8appro6i!atel+ 2 )eeks9

A loadin phase 8appro6i!atel+ 1 )eek9

S , ll d t t d l ti l
http://newenergytimes.com/v2/projects/tgp/2007TGP/2007GalileoProjectReport.pdfhttp://newenergytimes.com/v2/projects/tgp/2007TGP/2007GalileoProjectReport.pdf


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Su%%ess,ull+ de!onstrated nu%lear parti%letra%ks

in CR&'>


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SDpa@


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Did not produ%ed e6%ess po)er 8heat9


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> ;t )ire in the ,or! o, !ulti&turn spiral %oil

Cathode Copper su-strate old plated 80I %!29

Electrolyte0I1 " LiCl

0I0012 " ;d %on%entration 80I44 ;dCl2 solution I )t O solution in 10 )t O HCl9

>>I>O D2 ,ro! Aldri%h

Current pro%leCo&deposition done at 00 !A/%!28Solution %lears in a %ouple o, hours9

Applied i!!ediatel+

Additional conditionsCell )ere %losed

Gasses re%o!-ined )ith 1/= inI alu!ina pellets %oated )ith 0IO platinu! redu%ed

Experimental results:e6%ess ener+ produ%ed


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Important Events in the Searchfor

Excess eat in Pd-Szpak and %o)orkers Lon )aitin period o, 2&4 )eeks -e,ore e6%ess heat o-ser*ed

At #CCF&1 Letts and Haelstein spe%ulate .III a-out thei!portan%e o,

*a%an%ies in produ%in the e6%ess po)er e:e%t in deuterated

palladiu!

%athodes U


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%athodesI


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SuperaHundant)acancies !SA)#

' & 0?

ne o, the i!portant re%onitions ained ,ro! the SA ,or!ationis that

the !ost sta-le stru%ture o, "&H allo+s is in ,a%t a de,e%tstru%ture%ontainin a lare nu!-er o, *a%an%ies

.III in all !etals in*estiated -+ ion i!plantation e6peri!ents( H

ato!s aretrapped -+ *a%an%ies( up to si6 ato!s per *a%an%+( )ith ratherlare

-indin eneries III IU#n !etal&h+droen 8"&H9 allo+s at hih te!perature and hih

h+droenpressure .the latti%e para!eter o, Ni and ;d de%reased o*erse*eral hoursuntil it rea%hed a li!itin *alue 1IO s!allerU

$here is .the possi-ilit+ o, %reatin SAs )ithout an+ e6tre!e

%onditions


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%onditions(na!el+ -+ ele%trol+ti% deposition .

#n ele%trodeposition .the sta-le stru%ture should -e rea%hed

dire%tl+ as Hand " ato!s are deposited si!ultaneousl+ in%orporatin

*a%an%ies inappropriate proportionsU


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SAs


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SA sI

Are SAs in*ol*ed in as loadin o, nano&parti%les7

So far( the main thinB that Im learninB is ho7much I dont @no78


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Ac@no7ledBments

"it%hell S)artz et alI ,or oranizin the

!eetinStan Szpak( ;a! "osier&Boss and the

S;AWAR

tea!

Dennis Letts and ;eter Haelstein


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Dennis Letts and ;eter Haelstein

$o e*er+one )orkin in the eld and

%ontri-utinto the ad*an%e!ent o, LANR

Documents

Gordon 2014 Cf Lanr Mit