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Mali podsetnik

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Fundiranje

Izrada temelja, temeljenje, fundiranjeFoundations

Temelj - deo objekta koji slui za prenoenje i

za ravnomerniji raspored pritiska

prouzrokovanog teinom objekta (dead loadsopstveno optereenje) i njegovim korisnim

optereenjem (useful load) na slojeve zemljeispod njega.

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Types of foundations

Deep Duboki

!iles ipovi

"aissons kesoni(#pen $aissons - bunari)

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Piles

Betonski prefabrikovani precast concrete,

betonirani u tlu - cast in situ,

pobijeni driven,bueni - bored

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Example of piled foundations

Burj Khalifa Burj Dubai

Height: 88 m

!" #$% piles& ea'h !() m

diam(&

*+ m long

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,hallo foundations

%&allo' plitki

Footing temeljna stopalo$k foundation temelj samac%trip foundation - trakasti temelj

at * raft foundation temeljna ploaFoundation 'all temeljni zid

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Excavation - iskopavanje

Iskopavanje temeljne jame+,$avation of foundation pit

strane 'alls sides dno floor

iroki iskop - bulk e,$avation

+,$avator - ba!er

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Shoring - podgrada

"estabilne strane iskopa se pod!ra#uju -s&oring$

%azupiranje, odn. horizontalno podupiranjeod zida do zida, je strutting.

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Forms - oplata

Forms form'ork (timber s&uttering)

To pla$e assemble or build form'ork

&ostaviti, montirati ili izraditi oplatu

To remove form'ork

Ukloniti oplatu

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Concrete - beton

Concrete is a mix of $ement aggregates,'ater, and admi,tures(aditivi, dodaci).

All constituents (sastavni delovi) shall be

clean (isti) and free from organic impurities(bez or!anski' primesa).

at$&ing doziranje

i,ing meanjeTransporting transportovanje

"on$rete plant etonska baza

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Concrete - beton

To pla$e $ast pour deposit - u!raditi, izliti"ast in situ liven na licu mesta

!re$astmembersprefabrikovanielementiFres& $on$rete is $ompa$ted se zbija,usuall

b immersion vibrators pervibratorima$"on$rete &ardens - ovravaand is $ured

-ne!uje se

- marka betona "lass of $on$retevrstoa betona na pritisak - "rus&ing strengt&of $on$rete

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Types of concrete

*rmirani beton /einfor$ed $on$rete (/*")

eton i armirani beton !lain and reinfor$ed $on$rete

&ret'odno napre!nuti beton !restressed $on$rete

ravi beton

-0ean $on$rete

Shotcrete- Torkret mlazni beton

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Reinforcement - armatura

*rmatura, armaturneipke, betonsko !vo+#e

/einfor$ement

reinfor$ing bars (rebars)

reinfor$ing steel

*rmaturna mre+a/einfor$ement

mes&

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Other building materials

peka, ci!la ri$k&una, uplja, fasadna %olid &ollo' fa$e.iter/ blok !erforated $la blo$k bri$k

0idanje ci!lom ri$k laingbri$k'ork

alter ortar

1reni malter -0ime mortar2ementni malter - "ement mortar&rodu+ni malter - 0ime-$ement

mortar

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Other building materials

1amen %tone1amenolom - 1uarr

0idanje kamenom %tone masonr

Drvna !ra#a Timber%ezana %a'n

(Pilana - %a'mill)

Daske, talpe, fosne !lanks boards.rede, !redice 2oists battens

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Other building materials

3elik %teel4im %&eet steel

&ocinkovani lim 3alvanized s&eet steel

3elini profili %teel se$tions5-profil, 6-profil - 4-se$tion T-se$tion