handout Myint Lwin 6pp 1-25-10.pdf

8/20/2019 handout Myint Lwin 6pp 1-25-10.pdf

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Challenges and Opportunities inBuildin and Preservin

Bridge Engineering Distinguished Speaker Series

Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering

University at Buffalo, NY

January 25, 2010

Our Nation’s Highway Bridges

M. Myint Lwin

Director, Office of Bridge Technology

Federal Highway Administration

Washington, DC

Bridge & Infrastructure Management

and Public Policy

TOPICS COVERED:

Introduction – Historic Perspective

United States Code of Laws

National Highway Bridge Program

National Bridge Inspection Program

Challenges in Building Bridges

Opportunities in Bridge Engineering

Introduction – Historic Perspective FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAY PROGRAM

1916-1921

Federal-State partnership.

Each State must have a hi hwa a enc .

50-50 Federal-State funding for projects.

Projects on designated system.

Federal review of each project.

ORIGINS OF THE INTERSTATESYSTEM

President Dwight D. Eisenhower1953 - 1961

“Broader Ribbons Across the Land”“Broader Ribbons Across the Land”


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Federal–Aid Highway Act of 1956

National Commitment to Build

the Interstate System.

Retained Federal-State artnershi .

Funding source: Highway Trust Fund.

Cost-to-Complete Guarantee.

High Design Standards.

U.S. DEPARTMENT OFTRANSPORTATION

President Lyndon Johnson

signed legislation to

establish USDOT in 1966.

Formal Opening on April 1, 1967

FHWA formally opened on same day.

States began to establish State DOTs

Eisenhower System of Interstate and

Defense Highways

“Safe, Reliable and Efficient Interstate System”“Safe, Reliable and Efficient Interstate System”

U.S. Department of Transportation

SecretarySecretary Deputy SecretaryDeputy Secretary

Safety

Economic Health

Sustainability

Livability

o n orcar o n orcar

Federal Highway Administration(FHWA)

“Every Day Counts”“Every Day Counts”

InitiativesInitiatives

Victor MendezVictor Mendez

Administrator Administrator Greg NadeauGreg Nadeau

Deputy Administrator Deputy Administrator

•• InnovationsInnovations

•• Going Greener Going Greener

Improve mobility through leadership, innovations and program deliveryImprove mobility through leadership, innovations and program delivery

Federal Highway Administration(FHWA)

Strategic Goals:

• National Leadership

King W. Gee

Associate Administrator

for Infrastructure

Jeffrey F. Paniati

Executive Director

• Program Delivery

• System Performance

• Corporate Capacity


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Federal Highway AdministrationFHWA

The U.S. Highway System:The U.S. Highway System:•• 160,000 miles of Highways in the160,000 miles of Highways in the

National Hi hwa S stem NHS . National Hi hwa S stem NHS .

•• 4,000,000 miles of road in the Non4,000,000 miles of road in the Non--NHS NHS

– – urban and rural roadsurban and rural roads

•• 47,000 miles of Interstate System47,000 miles of Interstate System

•• 600,000 highway bridges600,000 highway bridges

Our Vital Few Priorities

Safety

– 38,000 fatalities annual


Congestion Mitigation

– Highway travel

continues to grow


Environmental Stewardship and Streamlining

– Protect and enhance the environment

The FHWA Organization,the State DOTs, and Local Agencies

Federal Division OfficesFederal Division Offices

Resource CentersResource Centers

United States Code of Laws(U.S.C.)

Congress makes the laws

General and Permanent Laws are codified

in U.S.C. – U.S.C. 2000 Ed.

– Amendments by Acts of Congress

– Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient

Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users

(SAFETEA-LU)


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United States Code of Laws (U.S.C.)

50 Titles in U.S.C.

Title 23 Highways

Chapter 1 Federal-Aid System

– Section 104 Apportionment

– Section 106 Stewardship and Oversight

– Section 144 Highway Bridge Program

– Section 151 National Bridge InspectionProgram

Chapter 5 Research, Deployment and

Education

Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)

Federal Agencies carry out the laws

General and Permanent Rules andRegulations codified in CFR by FederalAgencies

– u s e n e era eg ster.

– Revisions and Changes by Public RulemakingProcess

50 Titles in CFR

Title 23 Highways

CFR Title 23 Highways

Chapter 1 - Federal Highway Administration

Part 260 Education and Training Programs

Part 420 Planning & Research Program Administration

Part 625 Desi n Standards for Hi hwa s

Part 627 Value Engineering

Part 650 Bridges, Structures, and Hydraulics

Parts 970-971 National Park and Forest Service

Systems

The Highway Bridge Program

Act and Year HBRRP Funding in $ Billion

Period Total Ave. /Yr

Intermodal Transportation

Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA)1992-1997

(6 years)

$16.1 $2.7

Transportation Equity Act for

the 21st Centur TEA-211998-2003 $20.4 $3.4

. years

Safe, Accountable, Flexible,

Efficient Transportation Equity

Act: A Legacy for Users of 2005

(SAFETEA-LU)

2005-2009

(5 years)

$21.6 $4.3

Consolidated Appropriations

Act of 20082008 $1.0 $1.0

Highway Bridge ProgramFY2006-2009

Fiscal Year Authorization

2005 $4.188 B

2006 $4.254 B2007 $4.320 B

2008 $4.388 B

2009 $4.457 B

Total $21.607 B


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ARRA Highway Funds Authorized

*As of June 24

(First 120 Days)

As of Jan 15

Number ofProjects

5,000 10, 663

un s

Authorized

. .

% of Total

Highway Funds

59% 87%

*Exceeding 50% 10 days ahead of schedule!

The Bridge Inspection Program

National Bridge Inspection Standards(NBIS)

Federal-Aid Highway Act, 1968

established the National Bridge Inspection

Program: – Initially NBIS was limited to bridges on the Federal-

aid highway system.

– Surface Transportation Assist. Act, 1978 extended

NBIS requirements to all bridges on public roads.

Silver Bridge Disaster (1967)

Placed national emphasis on safety inspections.

Federal-Aid Highway Act of 196823 U.S.C. 151

National Bridge Inventory (NBI)

Insure safety to the traveling public

Distribution of funds for the Highway

Bridge Program (HBP)Report to Congress on the Status of the

Nation’s Bridges

NBI maintains by FHWA


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Aging Infrastructure

100000

120000

140000

Bridge Construction by Decade

0

20000

40000

60000

P r e - 1 9 0 9

1 0 s

2 0 s

3 0 s

4 0 s

5 0 s

6 0 s

7 0 s

8 0 s

9 0 s

Construction ProblemsConstruction Problems

Construction Accidents

Construction ProblemsConstruction Problems Human FactorsHuman Factors

Human FactorsHuman Factors Human FactorsHuman Factors


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Human FactorsHuman Factors Human Factor

15-Minute Break

Forces of NatureForces of Nature -- EarthquakesEarthquakes

Forces of Nature - Flooding

Forces of NatureForces of Nature


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Forces of NatureForces of Nature Forces of Nature

Extensive corrosion inExtensive corrosion in

Steel membersSteel members

Forces of Nature

Corroded PT tendons inCorroded PT tendons in

relatively new bridgerelatively new bridge

Forces of Nature

Major corrosion

of strands before

collapse

Forces of Nature “Close calls”“Close calls”

Column supporting aColumn supporting afracture criticalfracture criticalcross beam on ancross beam on anInterstate bridge.Interstate bridge.

Buckled gussetBuckled gussetplate on a fractureplate on a fracturecritical truss.critical truss.


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CollapsesCollapses

Load related eventsLoad related events

CollapsesCollapsesBoston Central Artery/Tunnel Project

I-90 Tunnel Suspended Ceiling

July 2006

CollapsesI-35 W Bridge Failure

Challenges in Preserving Existing Bridges

Opportunities for Creative DesignsOpportunities for Sustainable Designs


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High Performance Steel Program

Automated Bridge Fabrication & Inspection

Improved HPS Grade with EnhancedCorrosion Resistance and weldability

Weathering Steel for a Marine Environment

One Coat Shop Paint System

Others

High Performance Steels(HPS)

1990

HPS 70W (1996) f HPS 70W (1996) f yy = 70 Ksi= 70 Ksi

2000HPS 50W (1998) f HPS 50W (1998) f yy = 50 Ksi= 50 Ksi

HPS 100W (2003) f HPS 100W (2003) f yy = 100 Ksi= 100 Ksi

Accelerated Bridge Construction

Prefabricated Systems

Enhance Safety and Mobility

Faster Construction

Better Quality

Longer Lasting

Precast Piers

Precast Cap and ColumnsYorktown Bridge, VA


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GET IN, GET OUT, STAY OUT

DELAY

DISRUPTIONCOST

TIME

QUALITY

SAFETY

High-Performance Concrete

High Strength – 10,000 psi

Higher Modulus of Elasticity

Freeze-Thaw Resistant

Low Chloride Permeability

High-Performance Steel

High Strength – 70,000 – 100,000 psi

Corrosion Resistant

Improved WeldabilityHigh Toughness Nebraska-Snyder Bridge

Omaha, Nebraska


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FRP ADVANTAGES

Ease in Fabrication, Manufacturing,

Handling, and Erection

Short Project Time Delivery

High Performance

Durable

Strength-to-Weight Ratio

Hybrid Composite Beams Bridge-in-a-Backpack


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Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC)

No vibration needed

Less noise

Faster construction

Improved quality and

durability

High strengthSCC Prestressed GirdersSCC Prestressed Girders

Used in JapanUsed in Japan

Precast SCC RailingPrecast SCC Railing

In Spokane, WAIn Spokane, WA SCC RailingSCC Railing

Good HPC,Good HPC,But poorBut poor

consolidation!consolidation!

Voids in Drilled ShaftsVoids in Drilled Shafts

VideoVideo

FHWA Research Programs

ProgramFunds Per Yr

FY06-09

Innovative Bridge Research & Deployment $13.1M

High Performing Steel Bridge Research and

Technology Transfer

$4.1M

Steel Bridge Testing $1.25M

High Performance Concrete Technology $4.125M

Ultra High-Performance Concrete $0.626M

Long-Term Bridge Performance Program $7.75M

Seismic Research (FY2005-2009) $2.5M

A Special Study: Integration through AutomationA Special Study: Integration through Automation


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FHWA/AASHTO Joint Study

(NCHRP Project 12-84)

Started in late 2008 Expected completion in late 2010

Ob ective: Validate the FHWA

Guide and for AASHTO to

develop specifications

Bridge Design and Construction

AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design and Construction

Specifications – By the American Association of State Highway and

Transportation Officials

State Standards for Road and Bridge Construction

– By the State Departments of Transportation

Project Specific Design Criteria and Special

Provisions

Bridge Inspection and Management

National Bridge Inspection Standards (NBIS)

– Inspection Programs

– Frequency of Inspection

– Qualifications of Inspectors

– nspect on eport an nventory

Recording and Coding Guide

Bridge Management Systems (BMS)

– PONTIS – AASHTOWares maintained by AASHTO

Training

Training Courses, Workshops andConferences

– Structural, Geotechnical and HydraulicEngineering

National Highway Institute (NHI) developsand delivers the courses

Office of Bridge Technology organizes andsponsors workshops and conferences

Important Websites

www.fhwa.dot.gov/bridge

– Information on bridge technologies

www.tfhrc.gov/structur

– Research ro ramsat FHWAHi hwa ResearchCenter

www.nhi.fhwa.dot.gov

– Training courses on bridge engineering

www.transportation.org/publications/bookstore.nsf/

– AASHTO publications

State of Good Repair!


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Challenges and Opportunities are Waiting for You!Challenges and Opportunities are Waiting for You!

Enjoy your study!

Dream big dreams, and keep themalive!

Find a career that will bring

satisfaction and happiness

to you and your love ones!

Leisure Reading

• Whitney, C.S., “BridgesWhitney, C.S., “Bridges -- Their Art,Their Art,

Science and Evolution”, GreenwichScience and Evolution”, Greenwich

House, New York, 1983House, New York, 1983

• Chen, W.F and Duan, L, Editors, “BridgeChen, W.F and Duan, L, Editors, “Bridge

Engineering Handbook”, CRC PressEngineering Handbook”, CRC Press

LLC, Florida, 2000LLC, Florida, 2000

Documents

handout Myint Lwin 6pp 1-25-10.pdf