Hfss Uhf Probe

Getting Started with HFSS:An Ultra High Frequence Probe

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1 Jan 2006 10.02 May 2007 11.03 February 2009 12.04 September 2010 13.0

Getting Started with HFSS: A Dielectric Resonator Antenna Problem

iii

Conventions Used in this GuidePlease take a moment to review how instructions and other useful infor-mation are presented in this guide.

• Procedures are presented as numbered lists. A single bullet indicates that the procedure has only one step.

• Bold type is used for the following:- Keyboard entries that should be typed in their entirety exactly as shown. For example, “copy file1” means to type the word copy, to type a space, and then to type file1.

- On-screen prompts and messages, names of options and text boxes, and menu commands. Menu commands are often separated by car-ats. For example, click HFSS>Excitations>Assign>Wave Port.

- Labeled keys on the computer keyboard. For example, “Press Enter” means to press the key labeled Enter.

• Italic type is used for the following:- Emphasis.- The titles of publications. - Keyboard entries when a name or a variable must be typed in place of the words in italics. For example, “copy file name” means to type the word copy, to type a space, and then to type a file name.

• The plus sign (+) is used between keyboard keys to indicate that you should press the keys at the same time. For example, “Press Shift+F1” means to press the Shift key and the F1 key at the same time.

• Toolbar buttons serve as shortcuts for executing commands. Toolbar buttons are displayed after the command they execute. For example,

“On the Draw menu, click Line ” means that you can click the Draw Line toolbar button to execute the Line command.

Alternate methods or tips are listed in the left margin in blue italic text.

Getting Started with HFSS: A Dielectric Resonator Antenna Problem

iv

Getting Help

Ansoft Technical SupportTo contact Ansoft technical support staff in your geographical area, please log on to the Ansoft corporate website, http://www.ansoft.com,click the Contact button, and then click Support. Phone numbers and e-mail addresses for the technical support staff are listed. You can also contact your Ansoft account manager in order to obtain this information.All Ansoft software files are ASCII text and can be sent conveniently by e-mail. When reporting difficulties, it is extremely helpful to include very specific information about what steps were taken or what stages the simulation reached, including software files as applicable. This allows more rapid and effective debugging.

Help MenuTo access online help from the HFSS menu bar, click Help and select from the menu:• Contents - click here to open the contents of the online help.• Seach - click here to open the search function of the online help.• Index - click here to open the index of the online help.

Context-Sensitive HelpTo access online help from the HFSS user interface, do one of the follow-ing:• To open a help topic about a specific HFSS menu command, press

Shift+F1, and then click the command or toolbar icon.• To open a help topic about a specific HFSS dialog box, open the dia-

log box, and then press F1.

Contents-1

Table of Contents

1. Ultra High Frequency ProbeGetting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Setting Tool Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Opening a New Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Set Solution Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Creating the 3D Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4Set Model Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

Set Default Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

Creating Annular Rings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Create Ring 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Create Ring 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

Create Arm_1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12Group Conductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12

Create the Center pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13

Create Arm_2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13

Create the Grounding Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14Group Conductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15

Create the Wave port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16Set Default Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17

Create Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17

Create Radiation Boundary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18

Getting Started with Optimetrics: A Waveguide T-Junction

Contents-2

Rename the Wave Port and Terminal . . . . . 1-19

Create a Radiation Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-22

Add Length Based Mesh Operation to the

Radiation Boundary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-23

Creating an Analysis Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-24Adding a Frequency Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-25

Save Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-25

Model Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-25

Analyze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-26Solution Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-26Create Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-26

Create Terminal S S-Parameter Plot -

Magnitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-26

Create Far Field Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-28

Ultra High Frequency Probe -1

Ultra High Frequency Probe

This example is intended to show you how to create, sim-ulate, and analyze a UHF probe, using the Ansoft HFSS Design Environment.

The following features of the Ansoft HFSS Design Environ-ment are used to create this passive device model

3D Solid ModelingPrimitives: Cylinders, BoxesBoolean Operations: Unite, SubtractBoundaries/ExcitationsPorts: Wave Ports

Getting Started with HFSS: Coax Tee

-2 Ultra High Frequency Probe

AnalysisSweep: Fast Frequency: ResultsCartesian plottingField Overlays:3D Far Field Plots



Getting StartedTo access Ansoft HFSS, click the Microsoft Start button, select Programs Programs, and select the Ansoft, HFSS 12 program group. Click HFSS 12.

Setting Tool OptionsTo set the tool options:Note: In order to follow the steps outlined in this example, verify that the following tool options are set :1 Click Tools>Options>HFSS Options

The HFSS Options dialog opens.2 Click the General tab

Check “Use Wizards for data input when creating new boundaries.”Check “Duplicate boundaries with geometry.”

3 Click the OK button to close the window.4 Click Tools>Options>Modeler Options.

The Modeler Options dialog opens.5 Click the Operation tab

Check “Automatically cover closed polylines.”6 Click the Drawing tab

Check “Edit property of new primitives.”7 Click the OK button

Opening a New ProjectTo open a new project:1 In an Ansoft HFSS window, click File>New.

2 Click Project>Insert HFSS Design.

Set Solution TypeTo set the solution type:1 Click HFSS>Solution Type

2 In the Solution Type dialog choose Driven Terminal3 Click the OK button



Creating the 3D Model

Set Model UnitsTo set the units:1 Click Modeler>Units

This opens the Set Model Units dialog.2 Select: in (inches)

3 Click the OK button

Set Default MaterialTo set the default material:In the 3D Modeler Materials toolbar, choose Select.

4 2. This opens the Select Definition window with the Mate-



rials tab.

5 Type copper in the Search by Name fieldThis highlights copper.

6 Click the OK button to close the dialog.Copper is listed as the default material.

Creating Annular RingsHere you create a ring is by first creating a cylinder that rep-resents the outer radius and a second cylinder that represents the inner radius. After a Boolean subtraction, the resulting geometry is a ring.For this model, two sets of rings are necessary. Instead of manually creating both rings, we will create one ring, copy it, and edit the dimensions of the copy.

Create Ring 11 Click Draw>Cylinder

2 Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the cylinder posi-tionX: 0.0, Y: 0.0, Z: 0.0, Press the Enter key



3 Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the radius:dX: 0.31 0.31, dY: 0.0, dZ: 0.0, Press the Enter key

4 Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the height:dX: 0.0, dY: 0.0, dZ: 5.0, Press the Enter key

The cylinder appears in the Modeler window, and the Properties dialog opens.

To set the name:1 In the Properties window Name field type: ring_inner

2 Click the OK buttonTo fit the view:1 Click View>Fit All>Active View or press the CTRL+D key

For the second cylinder1 Click Draw>Cylinder


3 Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the radius:dX: 0.37 0.37, dY: 0.0, dZ: 0.0, Press the Enter key

4 Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the height:dX: 0.0, dY: 0.0, dZ: 5.0 5.0, Press the Enter key



To set the name:1 In the Properties window Name field type: ring_1


The two cylinders are ready.To select objects to be subtracted:1 Click Edit>Select>By Name

The Select Object dialog appears.



2 Select the objects named: ring_1, ring_inner

3 Click the OK buttonTo subtract:1 Click Modeler>Boolean>Subtract

The Subtract dialog appears2 Specify the Blank Parts: ring_1

Tool Parts: ring_inner Uncheck Clone tool objects before operation.



3 Click the OK buttonThis closes the dialog. The Modeler window shows the resulting ring_1.

Create Ring 21 Click Edit>Select>Object and select ring_1

2 Click Edit>Copy3 Click Edit>Paste

The paste operation places ring_2 in the same location as ring_1, but the History tree nows lists ring_2.

Change the dimensions of Ring 21 To change the dimensions of ring_2, expand the model

tree as shown below. It should be noted that order of the editing is important. If you make the inner radius>then the



outer radius, a invalid object will result and it will be removed from the model.

Using the mouse, double click the left mouse button on the CreateCylinder command for ring_2

3. This opens the Properties dialog for the CreateCylinder command.

2 Change the radius to: 0.5 in

3 Click the OK buttonThis applies the new radius to ring_2.



4. Double click the left mouse button on the CreateCylinder command for the ring_inner1

This opens the Properties dialog for that command.4 Change the radius to: 0.435 in5 Click the OK button

The dialog closes and the Modeler window shows the two concentric rings.



Create Arm_1To create Arm_11 Click Draw>Box

2 Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the box positionX: -0.1 0.1, Y: -0.31 0.31, Z: 5.0 5.0, Press the Enter key

3 Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the opposite cor-ner of the base rectangle:dX: 0.2 0.2, dY: -4.69 4.69, dZ: -0.065 0.065, Press the Enter key.This creates the rectangle and opens the Properties dialog for the primitive.

To set the name:1 In the Properties dialog Name field type: Arm_1

2 Click the OK button.To fit the view:Click View>Fit All>Active View or press CTRL+D.

Group ConductorsTo group the conductors:1 Click Edit>Select All Visible or press CTRL+A.

2 Click Modeler>Boolean>Unite



Create the Center pinTo create the center pin1 Click Draw>Cylinder


3 Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the radius:dX: 0.1, dY: 0.0, dZ: 0.0, Press the Enter key


To set the name:1 In the Properties window Name field type: center_pin

Click the OK button

Create Arm_2To create Arm_21 Click Draw>Box

2 Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the box position



X: -0.1, Y: 0.0, Z: 5.1, Press the Enter key3 Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the opposite cor-

ner of the base rectangle:dX: 0.2, dY: 5.0, dZ: -0.065, Press the Enter key

To set the name:1 In the Properties window Name field type: Arm_2

2 Click the OK buttonTo fit the view:Click View>Fit All>Active View.

Create the Grounding PinTo create the grounding pin1 Click Draw>Cylinder


3 Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the radius:dX: 0.0625, dY: 0.0, dZ: 0.0, Press the Enter key




To set the name:In the Properties window Name file type: pinClick the OK button

Group ConductorsTo group the conductors:1 Click Edit>Select>By Name

The Select Object dialog opens. 2 Select the objects named: Arm_2, center_pin pin, and pin.

Use the Ctrl + Left mouse button to select multiple objects



3 Click the OK button to select the objects.

4 Click Modeler>Boolean>Unite

Create the Wave portTo create a circle that represents the port:1 Click Draw>Circle

2 Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the center posi-



tionX: 0.0, Y: 0.0, Z: 0.0, Press the Enter key

3 Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the radius of the circle:dX: 0.31, dY: 0.0, dZ: 0.0, Press the Enter key

To set the name:1 In the Properties window Name field type: p1


Set Default MaterialTo set the default material:Using the 3D Modeler Materials toolbar, choose vacuum

Create AirTo create Air1 Click Draw>Box

2 Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the box positionX: -5.0 5.0, Y: -10.0 10.0, Z: 0.0, Press the Enter key

3 Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the opposite cor-ner of the base rectangle:dX: 10.0 10.0, dY: 20.0 20.0, dZ: 12.0 12.0, Press the Enter key

To set the name:1 In the Properties window Name file type: Air

2 Check the Display Wireframe option3 Click the OK button



To fit the view:1 Click View>Fit All>Active View.

Create Radiation BoundaryTo create a radiation boundary1 Click Edit>Select>Faces

2 While holding the CTRL key, select all of the faces of the Air vacuum object except the face on the XY plane. Use the rotate button in between selections to access the back



side faces.

3 Once the 5 faces are selected, go to the menu item HFSS>Boundaries >Assign> RadiationIn the Radiation Boundary window accept the Name as Rad1

4 Click the OK buttonTo select the object p1:1 Click Edit>Select>By Name

2. The Select Object opens.2 Select the objects named: p13 Click the OK buttonTo assign wave port excitation1 Click HFSS>Excitations>Assign>Wave Port

2 Place Arm_2 in the Conducting Object list and ring_1 in the Reference Conductor list


Rename the Wave Port and Terminal1 Double click on WavePort1 under Excitations in the project



tree.

2 Rename the port to p1Click the OK buttonDouble click on the terminal named Arm_2_T1Rename the terminal to T1Click the OK buttonCreate Infinite Ground PlaneTo create an Infinite groundClick Edit>Select>FacesGraphically select the face of the Air object at Z=0

Click HFSS>Boundaries>Assign> Finite ConductivityFinite Conductivity Boundary windowName: gnd_planeUse Material: CheckedClick the vacuum buttonSelect Definition Window:Type copper in the Searchby Name field



Click the OK buttonInfinite Ground Plane: Checked



Click the OK button

Create a Radiation SetupTo define the radiation setup1 Click HFSS>Radiation>Insert Far Field Setup>Infinite

Sphere

2. The Far Field Radiation Sphere Setup dialog appears.2 Infinite Sphere Tab

Name: ff_2dPhi: (Start: 0, Stop: 90, Step Size: 90)



Theta: (Start: -180, Stop: 180, Step Size: 2)


Add Length Based Mesh Operation to the Radiation BoundaryFar fields are calculated by integrating the fields on the radia radiation surface. To obtain accurate far fields for antenna problems, the integration surface should be forced to have a ?/6 to /?/8 maximum /tetrahedra length.



To create a length based seed on the radiation boundary:1 Set the selection mode to Object, and select the Air

object by left clicking it in the drawing window

2 While the Air object is selected, move the mouse to the project tree and right click on Mesh Opera-tions>Assign>On Selection>Length BasedName: LengthOnRadiationMaximum Length of Elements: 3.5in (this is about ?/6 /at 0.55GHz 0.55GHz)


Creating an Analysis SetupTo create an analysis setup:1 Click HFSS>Analysis Setup>Add Solution Setup

The Solution Setup dialog appears.



2 Click the General tab:Solution Frequency: 0.55 GHzMaximum Number of Passes: 10Maximum Delta S per Pass: 0.02

3 Click the Options tab:Check “Enable Iterative Solver.”Click the OK button

Adding a Frequency SweepTo add a frequency sweep:1 Click HFSS>Analysis Setup>Add Frequency Sweep

The Edit Sweep dialog opens.2 Specify the following:

Sweep Type: FastFrequency Setup Type: Linear CountStart: 0.35GHzStop: 0.75GHzCount: 401Save Fields: Checked


Save ProjectTo save the project:1 In an Ansoft HFSS window, click File>Save As.

2 From the Save As window, type the Filename: hfss_uhf_probe

3 Click the Save button

Model ValidationTo validate the model:1 Click HFSS>Validation Check

2 Click the Close buttonNote: To view any errors or warning messages, use the Message Manager.



AnalyzeTo start the solution process:Click HFSS>Analyze All

Solution DataTo view the Solution Data:1 Click HFSS>Results>Solution Data

The Solution Data dialog opens.2 Click the Profile tab to view the solution profile.3 Click the Convergence tab to view the convergence data.

Note: The default view is for convergence is Table Table. Select the Plot radio button to view a graphical represen-tations of the convergence data.

4 Click the Matrix Data tab to view the Matrix data.Note: To view a real-time update of the Matrix Data, set the Simulation to Setup1, Last Adaptive.

5 Click the Mesh Statistics tab to view the Mesh statics.6 Click the Close button

Create Reports

Create Terminal S S-Parameter Plot - MagnitudeTo create a report:1 Click HFSS>Results>Create Terminal Solution Data

Report>Rectangular Plot

The Reports dialog opens.2 Specify the following:

Solution: Setup1: Sweep1Domain: SweepCategory: Terminal S ParameterQuantity: St(T1,T1)Function: dB

3 Click the New Report button4 Click the Close button.

The new plot opens.



To change the x x-axis label settings in the plot:1 Double click on the numbers on the plot's x-axis to bring up

the properties window.

2 Change the Number Format from Auto to Decimal. You may need to scroll down to see the properties to edit.

3 Change the Field Precision from 2 to 0




Create Far Field OverlayTo create a 2D polar far field plot :1 Click HFSS>Results>Create Far Fields Report>Radiation

Pattern.

The Report dialog opens.2 Specify the following:

Solution: Setup1: LastAdaptiveGeometry: ff_2dIn the Trace tabCategory: GainQuantity: GainTotalFunction: dB

3 Click the New Report button.The new report is displayed.

4 Click the Close button to close the Report dialog.





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Hfss Uhf Probe