highway ppt.pptx

8/17/2019 highway ppt.pptx

1/19

Construction Method for

Road-Pavement

Submitted by :

Mohit kumar (13bce1184)

Mohit rana (13bce1187)

Nishant rana (13bce1204)

Niklel sooden (13bce1200)Nishant chauhan (13bce1202)


2/19

! "istory

#n its most $eneral sense% a road is an o&en% $enerally&ublic 'ay or the &assa$e o ehicles% &eo&le% andanimals!*he earliest human road builders &redate recorded history

by thousands o years! +ith the adent o modern man%road buildin$ , the &ur&oseul construction o $eneral &ublic'ays , became a common si$n o an adancin$ ciili-ation!

.oerin$ these roads 'ith a hard smooth surace

(&aement) hel&ed make them durable and able to'ithstand traic and the enironment! Some o the oldest&aed roads still in e/istence 'ere built by the omanm&ire!


3/19

oman oads

y in lar$e% oman roads (seei$ure) 'ere constructed durin$the e&ublican times , the oldestroad% ia &&ia% dates back to 312

!.!the oman road net'orkconsisted o oer 100%000 km(52%000 miles) o roads!*he su&erior 6uality and structure

o its &aements hae allo'edmany oman roads to surie tothis day!


4/19

oman oads

ty&ical oman road structure

(see i$ure)% as seen in the

nited 9in$dom% consisted o our

basic layers (.ollins and "art%

135):

;Summa .rusta (suracin$)! Smooth% &oly$onal blocks embedded in

the underlyin$ layer!;Nucleus! kind o base layer com&osed o $rael and sand 'ith lime

cement!;udus! *he third layer 'as com&osed o rubble masonry and

smaller stones also set in lime mortar!;Statumen! *'o or three courses o lat stones set in lime mortar!


5/19

*elord 7)!*eleord sered his a&&renticeshi& as a buildin$ mason(Smiles% 104) and e/tended his masonry kno'led$e to

brid$e buildin$! ?urin$ lean times% he cared $rae,stonesand other ornamental 'ork (about 1780)!entually% *elord became the @Sureyor o


6/19

*elord


7/19

Macadam 5 and sometimes s&elled @Macadam@)obsered that most o the &aed !9! roads in early the 1800s'ere com&osed o rounded $rael (Smiles% 104)!"e kne' that an$ular a$$re$ate oer a 'ell,com&acted

sub$rade 'ould &erorm substantially better! "e used a slo&edsub$rade surace to im&roe draina$e (unlike *elord 'ho used alat sub$rade surace) on 'hich he &laced an$ular a$$re$ate(hand,broken 'ith a ma/imum si-e o 7> mm (3 inches)) in t'olayers or a total de&th o about 200 mm (8 inches) (Billette%105)!

Cn to& o this% the 'earin$ course 'as &laced (about >0 mmthick 'ith a ma/imum a$$re$ate si-e o 2> mm) (.ollins and"art% 135)! Macadam=s reason or the 2> mm (1 inch)ma/imum a$$re$ate si-e 'as to &roide a @smooth@ ride or'a$on 'heels!


8/19

Macadam % Macadam 'as a&&ointed @sureyor,$eneral@ o theristol roads and 'as then able to use his desi$n onnumerous &roEects! #t &roed successul enou$h that theterm @macadami-ed@ became a term or this ty&e o

&aement desi$n and construction!*he term @macadam@ is also used to indicate @brokenstone@ &aement (aker% 103)!


9/19

Macadam


10/19

!


11/19

Material DefinitionsHot mix asphalt (HMA)! combination o a$$re$ate and as&halt binder mi/ed to$ether at eleated tem&eratures that orms a hard% stron$ constructionmaterial 'hen cooled to ambient tem&eratures! "M is kno'n by manynames such as @as&halt concrete@ (. or .


12/19

Pavement Types

Much o this country relies on &aed roads to moe themseles andtheir &roducts ra&idly and reliably throu$hout the trans&ortationsystem!Pavements can be generally classiied into t!o broad categories:"lexible pavements *hese are as&halt &aements (sometimescalled bituminous &aements)% 'hich may or may not incor&orate

underlyin$ layers o stabili-ed or unstabili-ed $ranular materials on a&re&ared sub$rade! *hese ty&es o &aements are called @le/ible@since the total &aement structure bends (or le/es) to accommodatetraic loads!#igid pavements *hese are &ortland cement concrete (


13/19

i$ures o


14/19

Foad ?istribution on


15/19

le!ible Pavement

ach o these &aement ty&esdistributes load oer thesub$rade in a dierent ashion!i$id &aement% because o


16/19

asic Structural lements ty&ical le/ible &aement structure (see i$ure) consists o the surace

course and the underlyin$ base and subbase courses! ach o theselayers contributes to structural su&&ort and draina$e! *he surace course(ty&ically an "M layer) is the stiest (as measured by resilient modulus)and contributes the most to &aement stren$th! *he underlyin$ layers areless sti but are still im&ortant to &aement stren$th as 'ell as draina$eand rost &rotection! ty&ical structural desi$n results in a series o layersthat $radually decrease in material 6uality 'ith de&th!

http://var/www/apps/conversion/fscommand/program%20files/WSDOT/Pavement%20Guide%20Interactive/Modules/04_design_parameters/04-2_body.htmhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/fscommand/program%20files/WSDOT/Pavement%20Guide%20Interactive/Modules/04_design_parameters/04-2_body.htm


17/19

le/ible


18/19

/am&le o le/ible


19/19

Documents

highway ppt.pptx