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How to Wire electric Outlets
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How to wire 240 volt outlets and plugs
Rule of thumb: the hot wires connect to side of outlet.
The hot wires connect to brasscolored screws located on side
Look for screw color on outlet
Brass for Hot, Silver for Neutral, Green for groundSome outlets do not have colorcoded screws.Ignore Neutral screw if no neutral wire available
MORE ILLUSTRATIONS BELOW
Hot wires can be BlackRed or BlackWhite
Rule of thumb: the hot wires connect to side of outlet.
Brass screw => Hot wire240 volt electric circuit has 2 hot wires.
Green screw => bare copper or green ground wire
Silver screw => Neutral
Look at screw color
Image shows 2 hot wires with ground.2 Hot wires and 1 ground wire.Hot wires can be red and black or white and blackEither hot wire can connect to either brass terminal
Notice color of screws when wiring 240Volt outletsGreen for groundHot1 and Hot2 connect to either brass screw
Your outlet might not have neutral wire.Neutral not required for 240volt circuit
How to identify ground connection:Look For green screwRound shapes with flat bottom are ground
Twist Lock
Image shows 2 hot wires with ground.Hot wires can be red and black or white and blackEither hot wire can connect to either brass terminal
Notice color of screws when wiring 240Volt outletsGreen for groundHot1 and Hot2 can connect to either brass screw
Look for Markings on device:X and Y are for Hot wires, and G is for ground
Notice shape of blade slots:
How to identify ground connection on twistlock devices:Look For green screwThe rounded L shape is ground in all 120V, 277V and 240V voltapplications
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Review basic 120volt and 240volt
Image shows 120Volt line and 240volt line.Both circuits have ground wire.Each 120 and 240 require two wires to complete circuit.120V requires 1 hot and 1 neutral240V requires 2 hots
Some 240Volt lines have additional neutral wire. Neutral notnecessary to complete 240Volt circuit.Some 240Volt lines have white and black instead of red and black
See basic circuitsSee inside main boxWire sizes
How to test for 120volt or 240volt
Hot wiers can be BlackRed or BlackWhiteHow do you know if the wire carries 120V or 240V?
Tape tester leads to wood sticks, and stand on dry wood boards.Never stand on outdoor ground soil, or touch or lean into metal.Put down dry boards.Separate wires for testing.Test each wire to bare ground wire. If both wires test for power toground, the circuit is probably 240Volt.Use multimeter to confirm exact voltage.
240Volt has 2 Hot wires.Hot wires can be BlackRed or BlackWhiteTest each wre to bare ground. If tester shows power then wire is HotNeutral not required for 240V
Code says: Use connected/ doublepole
breaker
Against code: Use 2 single breakers to supply240 volt, unless the switches are connectedand rated for same amps
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Install Tandem breakers
This panel has several tandem breakersEach tandem fits over one busbar, and pulls double duty from eachbusbar.Do not expect breaker panel busbars to last as long under doubleload.
You cannot draw 240 volt off of one tandem breaker..But if two tandem breakers are sidebyside, then 240 Volt ispossible.For 240Volt, select the inside terminals... one from each tandembreaker. Connect 240V wire to these two terminals.To meet code, notice there is a connector bar (color reddish) thatphysically joins the two switchesBuy:Tandem breakers at Amazon
QR type singlepole
QPtype1" wide Push down breakerPlugin breakerBuy singlepole:Choose from 15 to 60 amp
QR type doublepole
QP type2" wide Push down breakerPlugin breakersBuy doublepole:Choose from 15 to 125 amp
Twopole breaker
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QO type singlepole
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Neutral is NOT requiredfor 240 Volt circuit
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Plug or outlet with 3 Hot wires X Y Z is for 3phase illustrated lower on pageLarger image
Neutral is not needed for 240volt electriccircuit
Neutral wire is usually NOT present in 240Vcircuit
Add black tape if white wire carries voltage
Calculate correct wire and breaker
Electrical calculation1) Each 240Volt outlet sold at Hardware or Home Center will haveamp rating.For example some will be rated for 40 amps, and others for 50amps etc.
2) Each appliance will have ratingplate located on side ofappliance or inside door of oven, or back of dryer.
3) Formula: Volts x amps = watts.Watts divided by volts = ampsVolts= 240Volts
4) Example: Doubleoven wattage = 7000 watts.7000 watts divided by 240Volts = 29.16 amps.
5) Figure breaker and wire size for doubleoven: Safe amximum for 30 amp breaker is 24 amps. So doubleovenneeds 40 amp breaker.Use 8 gauge wire for 40 amp breaker.DIY Resource:Select correct wire and breakerElectrical formulasFigure volts amps and watts
Typical Household wire ratings
14 ga wire ++ rated for 120 Volts x 15 Amp breaker = 1800 Watts x80% = 1440 Watts
12 ga wire ++ rated for 120 Volts x 20 Amp breaker = 2400 Watts x 80%= 1920 Watts
10 ga wire ++ rated for 240 Volts x 30 Amp breaker = 7200 Watts x 80%= 5760 Watts
Getting 120 Volt from 240 Volt / possible if neutral wire is present
Illustration shows how to draw 120V from 240Volt line.Only possible by code if 240Volt line has neutral wire.These connections must be put inside enclosed box with cover.
Connect 12 gauge wire to 10 gauge wire.
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Illustration shows smaller 12 gauge wire connected to larger 10 gauge wire.
10 gauge wire is protected by 30 amp breakerThe amp draw on 30 amp breaker is too large for 12 gauge wire.12 gauge wire should have 20 amp breaker.
Use busman fuseholder with 20 amp fuse.Fuse will protect entire length of 12 gauge wire.Connect fuse to Hot wire.Not necessary to put fuse on Neutral
If the 12 gauge wire was wired for 240V, then fuse is necessary for both hot wires.
Fuseholders at AmazonFuseholder 15 amp 125 volt at Amazon125Volt 15 amp fuseholders at Amazon
Wiring illustrations start here
103 dryer cord 103 with ground dryer cord 62 range cord no ground 62 with ground range cordExample dryer and range cords with 2wire, 3 wire, and 4 wire
ALWAYS choose cord with ground wireDryer cords 3040 amp at AmazonRange cords 4050 amp at Amazon
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240Volt outlet can be wired for 120Volt
Ordinary 120volt outlets have brass screws onone side for Hot wire, and silver screws onopposite side for neutral wire.
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240Volt appliance timer
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Example shows unusual case where 240Volt circuit has neutral and no ground wire.240Volt circuit does not require ground wire, or neutral.Both Neutral and ground wires join inside the breaker panel, and are essentially serving same function.However, it is not code to complete 120Volt circuit using ground wire. So this example lets each outlet have 120volt capability.Notice that X and Y are Hot, W is Neutral, and there is no G for ground.
Image shows 3wire with ground.Notice color of screws when wiring 240Volt outletsGreen for groundSilver for NeutralHot1 and Hot2 can connect to either brass screwThe extra wire is a neutral wire. Neutral is not necessary to complete 240volt circuit. Some appliances might require neutral wireto operate 120volt parts inside the appliance. This is rare with todays appliances and electronics.
Notice color of screws when wiring 240Volt outletsGreen for groundSilver for NeutralHot1 and Hot2 can connect to either brass screwBuy 50 amp outlet at AmazonBuy 50 amp outlet / no neutral/ at AmazonBuy 50 amp outlet at AmazonBuy 50 amp outlet at Amazon
Buy 50 amp plug at AmazonBuy 50 amp plug / no neutral/ at AmazonBuy 4' range cord with plug
Image shows 3wire with ground.2 Hot wires and 1 ground wire and 1 neutral wire.The extra wire is a neutral wire. Neutral is not necessary to complete 240volt circuit. Some appliances might require neutral wire
to operate 120volt parts inside the appliance. This is rare with todays appliances and electronics.
Notice color of screws when wiring 240Volt outletsGreen for groundSilver for NeutralHot1 and Hot2 can be either color and can connect to either brass screw
103 w/g (with ground) NMB indoor household wireSee wire gauges and charts
Look for markings on device:X and Y are HotG is ground W is Neutral
Image on left is same as illustration in box directly above.Notice that sometimes the screws are NOT color coded.Rule of thumb is that Hot wires connect on sides of outlet. The outlet installs in typical onegang box. Outlet can be rotated soground is at top of bottom.Notice that red hot wire and black hot wire can go on either side of device. Both hot wires in 240Volt household circuit areidentical.
Image on left is fromBuy:Buy 30 amp outlet at AmazonNote on the corner hardware site that it says maximum load on 12 gauge wire is 20 amps. This is misleading. Electricians use 80% rule.True that 12 gauge wire connects to 20 amp breaker, but electricians apply 80% rule to calculate load rating for breakers andwires.20 amp breaker x 80% = 16 amps safe maximum for 20 amp breaker.30 amp breaker x 80% = 24 amps safe maximum for 30 amp breakerRead moreThe L shape is NeutralIf white neutral is not present,then do not attach any wire
Round shapes with flat bottom are ground
50 amp plug at Amazon50 amp outlet at Amazon
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Twist lock generator outlet box wiring:
4prong generator outlet wiring: All 4 prongs are locking.all 4 prongs are rounded1 prong is rounded with upturn.... this it the ground connection
Prong locared opposite the ground connection is Neutral connectionIf there is no neutral wire, then do not comnnect any wire to neutral connectionOther two prongs are for hot wires3prong generator outlet wiring: All 4 prongs are locking.all 3 prongs are rounded1 prong is rounded with upturn.... this it the ground connectionOther two prongs are for hot wiresThere is no neutral connection
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Look for markings on device: X and Y are Hot, G is ground, W is NeutralL1430 at Amazon
Larger image Straightblade
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Voltage converter: Stepup step down transformer
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Convert 240Volt to 120Volt without neutral wire from breaker box.Square D 1000 watt output transformer (high voltage)
Buckboost transformers buck voltage down, or boost voltage up. This transformer bucks down voltage.Convert 240Volt to 120Volt without neutral wire from breaker box.Convert 480Volt to 240Volt or 120VoltType 3R outdoor enclosure
Wiring:480Volt input connects to H1 H4, and then H2 and H3 are connected together240Volt input connects to H1 H4, and then H3 connects to H1, and H2 connects to H4
240Volt output connects to X1 X4, and then X2 and X3 are connected together120Volt output connects to X1 X4, and then X3 connects to X1, and X2 connects to X4
Buy:Square D transformers at Amazon
Resources:Read about household singlephase electricityRead about 3phaseHow to wire 3phase timers
http://waterheatertimer.org/HowtowireIntermaticCA3750.html
How to wire 3phase outlets and plugs
Cooper phase wiring diagrams
3phase or singlephaseLarger imageBuy:Locking receptacles at AmazonTwist lock plug / 30 amp/ at AmazonTwist lock outlet / 30 amp/ at Amazon30 amp generator outlet
3phaseLarger image
Typical singlephase household circuitLarger image
3phaseLarger image
3phaseLarger image
Typical household circuitLarger image
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Typical 120Volt household circuitLarger image
Typical 240V houshold circuitLarger image
Typical 120Volt household circuitLarger image
3 Phase timers, 3 Phase outlets & surge
How to wire 3phase outlets and plugsHow to wire 3phase timer
Household electricity and switches
Difference between 120 and 240volts
Troubleshoot household electricity
How to wire Cooper 277
How to wire switches
How to wire GFCI
How to wire timers
Additional links
What is 3phase electric: power plant to end user
Troubleshoot Household electricity
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See inside main breaker boxFuseholderContactorsHow to solder wiresWhole house surge protector3phase surge protectionCircuit breakers
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