Huong Dan Su Dung Arcgis 92 (1)

8/13/2019 Huong Dan Su Dung Arcgis 92 (1)

1/84

VIN KHOA HC V CNG NGHVIT NAM

VIN SINH THI V TI NGUYN SINH VT

NG DNG PHN MM ARCGIS 9.2TRONG BO TN A DNG SINH HC

TS. H Qy Qunh

H Ni - 2010


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MC LC

Bi I. Gii thiu vphn mm ARCGIS................................................................................................4Ni dung ................................................................................................................................................4Thc hnh ..............................................................................................................................................7

Bc 1.1. Mbn c. ..............................................................................................................7Bc 1.2. Phn tch bn , thay i tldch chuyn ca s.......................................................... 7Bc 1.3. Tt, bt cc lp (layer), cng czoom to layer ................................................................8Bc 1.4. Xem thng tin vcc i tng......................................................................................... 8Bc 1.5. Chn i tng (Select a feature)..................................................................................... 8Bc 1.6. Mbng thuc tnh attribute table ................................................................................. 10Bc 1.7. Thm trng v thay i gi trca bng thuc tnh .....................................................11Bc 1.8. Xem gi trtrng nameva to .................................................................................... 13

Bi 2: Qun l dliu bng ArcCatalog..............................................................................................15Ni dung .............................................................................................................................................. 15Thc hnh ............................................................................................................................................ 19

Bc 2.1. Kt ni vi thmc ......................................................................................................... 19Bc 2.2. Lm vic vi Content view .............................................................................................. 20Bc 2.3. Lm vic vi preview ...................................................................................................... 20Bc 2.4. Lm vic vi cc lp (layer) ........................................................................................... 22Bc 2.5. Lm vic vi layer trong ArcCatalog v ArcMap........................................................... 23Bc 2.6. Lm vic vi dliu........................................................................................................ 24

Bi 3: Gii thiu v ArcMap.................................................................................................................26

Ni dung .............................................................................................................................................. 26Thc hnh ............................................................................................................................................ 27

Bc 3.1.t hta cho shape file............................................................................................ 27Bc 3.2. Chy ArcMap v to bn mi .................................................................................... 29Bc 3.3.t tham scho Dataframe............................................................................................ 29Bc 3.4. Thm dliu vo shape file v coverage file .................................................................. 30Bc 3.5. To Dataframe mi ......................................................................................................... 31Bc 3.7. Chuyn i hta ...................................................................................................... 31

Bi 4. To dliu ................................................................................................................................... 34Ni dung .............................................................................................................................................. 34

Thc hnh ............................................................................................................................................ 34Bc 4.1. To file shape kiu point ................................................................................................. 34Bc 4.2. Chit sut thng tin ta v nhp thuc tnh cho cc im ......................................... 38Bc 4.3. Cp nht hha kinh vcho cc im phn btrong dist_sp1 ............................42Bc 4.4. To file shape kiu line ...................................................................................................43Bc 4.5. To file shape kiu polygon ............................................................................................ 45Bc 4.6. Cc chc nng ct, hp trong Arcgis ............................................................................. 47

Bi 5. Cc phng php hin thdliu .............................................................................................50Ni dung .............................................................................................................................................. 50


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Thc hnh ............................................................................................................................................ 51Bc 5.1. To bn v thm dliu............................................................................................ 51Bc 5.2.t chhin th(Symbology) cho layer Cities ...................................................... 51Bc 5.3.t chhin thcho lp Tentinh_text, Nat_boder_vn, Nat_boder_indo... ................ 53Bc 5.4. Thm mu nn cho Data Frame Single Symbol.......................................................... 56Bc 5.5. To nhn (label) cho cc lp tn tnh v Countries............................................... 56

Bi 6. Trnh by bn (layout a map)...............................................................................................58Ni dung .............................................................................................................................................. 58Thc hnh ............................................................................................................................................ 59

Bc 6.1. Mbn hanhchinh (hoc cc VQG) v ghi li vi tn khc...................................... 59Bc 6.2.t kch thc ca khung bn ................................................................................... 59Bc 6.3.t tlbn ............................................................................................................... 59

Bc 6.4. To khung v li km cho Data Frame layer............................................................. 59Bc 6.5. To thc tlv dng tlcho Data Frame layer.................................................. 63Bc 6.6. To mi tn phng Bc ................................................................................................. 64Bc 6.7. To bng ch gii (legend) cho Data Frame Single Symbol...................................... 65Bc 6.8.t font chting Vit Unicode cho legend ................................................................... 68Bc 6.9. To dng tt bn v mt schch gii .................................................................... 71Bc 6.10. In bn ....................................................................................................................... 71Bc 6.11. Ghi bn ..................................................................................................................... 71Bc 6.12. Xut khu bn .......................................................................................................... 71

Bi 7: chuyn i gia cc nh dng dliu.....................................................................................73

Ni dung .............................................................................................................................................. 73Thc hnh ............................................................................................................................................ 73

Bc 7.1. Chuyn lp ng tnh dng Microstation (*.DGN)................................................. 73Bc 7.2. Chuyn ranh gii VQG, thm thc vt tfile TAB ca Maplnfo....................................75Bc 7.3: Chuyn cc im phn bra hp tbng ta kinh vlu trong Excel .............. 77Bc 7.4.t hto cho cc shapefile va nhp vo ............................................................... 79Bc 7.5. Hin thdliu ............................................................................................................... 80

Bi 8. Lnh truy vn hi p .............................................................................................................83Ni dung: ............................................................................................................................................. 83Thc hnh ............................................................................................................................................ 83

Bc 8.1. Select theo loi rng ....................................................................................................... 83Bc 8.2. Select theo nhiu iu kin.............................................................................................. 84


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Bi 1. Gii thiu vphn mm ARCGIS

Ni dung

Giao din ngi dng (Arc catalogue; ArcMap; ArcToolbox)

File bn

Lp bn (Data layer) v cc i tng (Feature)

Csbn

Thuc tnh (Attribute table)

Trang bn

Phn mm ArcView gm 3 ng dng chnh:

Hnh: 1.1

ArcCatalogue Qun l, theo di cc sliu (H.1.1)

ArcToolbox Hp cng cxl, xut, nhp dliu (H.1.2)

ArcMap Xy dng, hin th, xl v phn tch bn (H.1.3)


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Hnh: 1.2

ArcMap l phn mm to ra cc bn , mi bn trong ArcMap gi l Arcmap

Document. Mt bn c th c 1 hay nhiu Data frame. Data frame gm 1 hay nhiu lp

thng tin cng hin thtrong 1 hquy chiu. Bn c ghi trong file c phn m rng l

mxd.

Hnh: 1.3

Trong hnh vtrn l 1 bn c tn l vn_tinh.mxd c 1 data frame l layer. Thng tin

hin thtrong pha bn tri mn hnh gi l TOC table of contents. Ni dung bn hin th

trong bn phi mn hnh dng Data View hoc Layout View (H.1.4).

C thbt hoc tt cc ni dung bn bng cch nh du (check box) vo cc vung

pha tri tn layer.


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Hnh: 1.4

Thay i vtr v kch thc ca bn bng cch sdng cng cphng to, thu nh,

dch chuyn. Tlca bn hin thtrong tlbn .

2 loi thng tin chnh ca bn l Feature c lu trong c s d liu v Graphic

element (i tng m ta l) khng c lu trong csdliu. i km vi bn gm:

Khung bn , thc tl; hng bn , ch gii... chn i tng sdng con trselect

feature; chn i tng m ta l chn select graphic element trn thanh cng c.

Thng tin thuc tnh ca cc i tng c lu tr trong cc bng thuc tnh gi l

attribute table (H.1.5). Mi lp thng tin (1 file shape) chc 1 bng thuc tnh. Mt bng c

qun l bi cc dng (cc record) v cc ct (hay trng Collum hay Field). Mi i tng

(feature) chc 1 record trong bng thuc tnh. xem attribute table ca 1 lp bm chut phi

vo lp ri chn Open Attribute table.

Hnh: 1.5

ArcMap c 2 chhin th: Data View v Layout View hin thbn . Trong Data

View ch c th lm vic vi 1 Data frame, trong layout ngi sdng c th lm vic vi


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nhiu Data frame trong cng 1 thi im. Cc i tng chc thchnh sa trong chData

View. thay i chhin thvo thc n View hoc nhn vo nt nhgc tri.

Thc hnh

Bc 1.1. Mbn c.

Khi ng ArcMap tnut Start -> Programs -> ArcGIS ArcMap

Chn trnh n File -> Open

Chn thmc \thuchanh\bai1\vn_tinh.mxd

Nhn OK

Bc 1.2. Phn tch bn , thay i tldch chuyn ca s

Cc cng cphn tch bn (H.1.6)Phng to (Zoom in), thu nh(Zoom out)

Phng to thu nhtheo tm mn hnh (Centered zoom)

Phng to ht c(Full extent) v dch chuyn Pan

Sdng cng cphng to Zoom in theo 2 cch

Bm chut vo chbt k. Bn sphng to thm 25%.

Bm chut vo im bt k, giv di chuyn chut to thnh hnh chnht. Ni dung

bn trong hnh chnht sc phng to ht cmn hnh.

Hnh: 1.6

a cht vo thanh cng cTools nghin cu dng trgip hiu r cc cng c.

Bm vo cng cZoom in kim tra 2 chlm vic ca cng c. Sdng cng c

hin thton bni dung bn .


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Bm vo cng cPan ri dch chuyn ni dung bn nhn thy Lo, Cam Phu Chia

hoc Thi Lan.

Bc 1.3. Tt, bt cc lp (layer), cng czoom to layer

Trong TOC tm lp Citis, bt tt lp ny bng cch bm bo vung nhbn cnh.

Bm chut phi vo lp province_region hin thcontext menu

Chn zoom to layer ri theo di thay i trn mn hnh.

Bc 1.4. Xem thng tin vcc i tng

Mi lp sliu u c bng thuc tnh i km m tcc i tng. xem thng tin

thuc tnh ca i tng c thmbng Attribute table

Bm chut vo chm trn ca thtrn cn xem thng tin

Ca sIdentify shin ra, hin thcc thng tin vi tng thuc lp trn cng

Bm vo mi tn bn tri chTop-most-layer

Trong danh sch hin ra chn Visiable layer

Bm vo im cn xem thng tin trn bn , ca sIdentify result shin thnhiu

layer hn.

Bc 1.5. Chn i tng (Select a feature)

Trc khi lm vic vi 1 i tng hay 1 nhm i tng cn phi chn chng. chn

i tng sdng cng cselect feature. Lu , chc cc i tng trong select table mi c

thc chn.

Vo trnh n Selection ->Set Selectable layer

Ca sSet Selectable layer hin ra

Bm nt Clear all- Tt ccc layer strng thi khng chn (khng selectable) (H.1.7)


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Hnh: 1.7

Bm vo vung bn cnh Cities v Nat_border_polyline ri ng ca sli.

Bm vo cng cSelect Feature

Trn bn nhn chut vo im thx Ninh Bnh. i tng th trn c nh du

bng chm ln mu xanh.

Hnh: 1.8

Nhn chut vo ng bt kmu en, ng sc chn (chuyn sang mu xanh)

thay cho thx Ninh Bnh (H.1.8)


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Hnh: 1.9

Hy bm vo i tng no khng thuc lp ng v thnh ph, kim tra xem hin

tng g xy ra.

Ty theo ch chn t trong th mc thc n, Selection Interactive Selection

Method, khi bm vo mt i tng no th n c th1). Thm vo danh sch i tng

chn; 2) loi khi danh sch ; 3) trthnh i tng c chn duy nht.

Trong Trnh n Selection Interactive selection method chn add to to curent

seclection.

Trn bn nhn chut vo nhiu ng v Cities, quan st cc i tng c chn.

Trong trnh n Selection chn clear selected feature

Cc i tng trvtrng thi khng chn

Thay i 3 chcn li.

Bc 1.6. Mbng thuc tnh attribute table

Mi lp c 1 bng thuc tnh lin kt m tcc i tng trong lp. Mbng thuc

tnh ca lp Cities (H.1.10)

Bt lp Cities bng cch nh du vung nhcnh n trong TOC

Bm cht phi vo lp Cities

Trong trnh n hin ra chn Open Attributabe table


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Bng thuc tnh sc m

Hnh: 1.10

Bc 1.7. Thm trng v thay i gi trca bng thuc tnh

Cu trc v ni dung ca bng thuc tnh c thc thay i khi kch hot chc nng

bin tp ca ArcMap. Ngoi ra cc thng tin vthuc tnh c thc thay i.

Trong ca sAttribute of Cities nhn nt Option ri chn add field (H.1.11)

Trong hp hi thoi hin ra Name nhp tn. Trong danh sch Type chn text (trng

dng ch), trong leght nhp 50 l sk tti a ca trng. Nhn OK

Hnh: 1.11


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Hnh: 1.12

Ko bng thuc tnh sang 1 bn nhn cho r bn , sdng cng czoom hin th

trn bn mt thnh ph(k hiu bng chm trn )Vo trnh n Selection Set selectable layer ri cho php cc i tng trong lp Cities

c thc chn.

Nhn vo 1 thnh phchn n (Chm chuyn thnh mu xanh). Dng tng ng

trong bng thuc tnh cng c chn (hin thmu xanh).

Hnh: 1.13

Nhn vo nt Selected trong bng thuc tnh hin thcc i tng c chn. Trong

bng thuc tnh lc ny cn li 1 dng.


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Bm chut phi vo trng name va to.

Trong trnh n chn Calculate Value

Trn mn hnh shin ra hp hi thoi cnh bo rng lnh Undo skhng ththc hin

c, nhn yes tip tc.

Trong hp hi thoi Field calculator hin ra g Thanh pho + [Ten].

Nhn nt OK

Hnh: 1.14

Bc 1.8. Xem gi trtrng nameva to

Nhn nt All trong ca sbng thuc tnh hin thtt ccc dng ca bng. Quan st

gi trtrong trng name thy ArcMap chthc hin cho cc i tng la chn.

Chn 2-3 thnh phcng lc ri lp li cc lnh trn

Xa trng trong bng thuc tnh

Do mn hnh khng thhin thc ht tt ccc i tng, nn mt si tng

c chn nhng bkhut. hin thtt ccc i tng chn Zoom to selected:

ng bng thuc tnh

Bm chut phi vo lp City trong bng TOC

Trong trnh n hin ra chn Selection sau Zoom to selected.Sp xp cc dng, to Alias

Alias l tn gi khc ca cc trng, c dng dnhn ra ni dung ca trng. V d

TEN c tht Alias l Thanh pho dhiu hn. Tn trng khng c du cch, Alias c

thc du cch.

sp xp cc dng theo thttng dn hay gim dn, ca cc gi trtrong trng, thc

hin theo cc bc:


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Bm chut phi vo tn trng TINH (sp xp tn cc tnh theo thtABC)

Trong trnh n Context menu Chn Ascending chn a-z; Descending xp z-a).

Quan st thay i

ng bng thuc tnh.

Hnh: 1.15

Bi tp 1

1. Thm trng ten_loai vo lp Cities

2. Chn Thx Vnh Phc, nhp gi trca coc tam dao vo trng ten_loai.

3. Chn cc tnh tThanh ha den Qung Nam, nhp gi trrua nui vang vo trngten_loai.

4. Chn cc tnh vng ng bng sng Hng v Sng Cu long nhp gi trba ba tronvo trng ten_loai.


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Bi 2: Qun l dliu bng ArcCatalog

Ni dung

Kt ni vi thmc

Xem xt dliu, xc nh loi dliu

ChContents view

Chxem sbdliu (data preview)

ChMetadata view

Lm vic vi dliu

ArcCatalog cung cp phng tin xem, qun l cc dliu a l v cc bng dliuthuc tnh.

C 3 chkhc nhau xem dliu: Contents, Preview v metadata view. (H.2.1)

Hnh: 2.1

Trong chContents view tt ccc d liu m ArcView c thnhn dng c s

c hin thdi dng cy thmc (Catalogue tree) hay cy biu tng (icons) ging nh

chng trnh Windows explorer (H.2.1)


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C thxem sb(preview) cc dliu a l di dng bn (geographic view) hay

di dng bng Table view. Mt csdliu gm cc i tng c xc nh bi vtr a

l v cc thng tin thuc tnh i km (H.2.2)

Hnh: 2.2

ChMetadata view c thxem cc d liu dng metadata, gm cc thng tin m t

khc nhau vdliu, nhhquy chiu, thi gian v phng php thu thp (H.2.3)


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Hnh: 2.3

Cc dng d liu m Arcview c thnhn c gm cc Feature data sets; shape file;

ArcInfo covergare file, Personal Geodatabase v CAD file (*.dwg, *.dxf v *.dgn) v cc file

nh nh*.tif, *.gif

Ty thuc vo loi dliu, ArcCatalog thhin theo cc biu tng khc nhau. Mt s

loi dliu nhshape file l tp hp nhiu file khc nhau nhng chc hin thbng 1 biu

tng.

Hnh vbiu thchPreview, cc dliu c thhin di dng bng (H.2.4)


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Hnh: 2.4

Chuyn tdng table sang dng Geography thy c bn (H.2.5)

Hnh: 2.5

Nhn vo trang Metadata chuyn ang chMetadata view (H.2.6)


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Hnh: 2.6

Dliu metadata c lu trtrong file c tn cng tn vi file dliu chnh nhng c

phn mrng l XML.

Thc hnh

Bc 2.1. Kt ni vi thmc

Mc ch ca vic kt ni vi thmc l truy nhp nhanh vo thmc , khi lm vicvi ArcView tng tnhvic to short cut trong windows.

Hnh: 2.7

Nhn nt Connect to folder (H.2.7)

Trong hp hi thoi tm v chn thmc c:\Arcgis\ nhn OK

Thmc ny sc to short cut trong cy thmc (Catalog tree) bn tri mn hnh.

C thngt bcc kt ni to.


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Hnh: 2.8

Nhn vo thmc cn ngt.

Nhn Disconnect from Folder ngt kt ni (H.2.8)

Bc 2.2. Lm vic vi Content view

Chcontent view hin thcc ti liu c trong thmc. Ti liu c thl 1 hay nhiu

file. Contents view hin thcc ti liu ny di 1 trong 4 dng tng tnh trong windowexploere. Large icons biu tng to. List, danh sch, detail, chi tit hay thumbnails (hnh v

nhhin thsbni dung ti liu. C thchuyn gia cc dng ny bng cc nt trn thanh

cng ccontent (H.2.9)

Chn thmc c:\arcgis\thuchanh\

Hnh: 2.9

Nhn vo tng nt trong s4 nt trn ri quan st.

Chthumnails chhin ra i vi nhng ti liu c to sn thumnail trc .

Cc ti liu khng c thumnail c hin thdi dng icon hoc tn.

Bc 2.3. Lm vic vi preview

Preview hin th ni dung ca ti liu chon trong th mc. C 2 cch hin th l

Geography (chp dng vi d liu khng gian) v table (nu ci 3D analyst extention sc

ch 3D view) chuyn i gi cc dng s dng listbox pha di mn hnh

ArcCatalog.


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Hnh: 2.10

Nhn vo trang Preview, quan st dliu trong thmc c:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai1

Khi xem dliu di dng geograpgy c thsdng cc cng cph to, thu nh, dch

chuyn hin thv to thumnail (H.2.10)

Sdng cng cZoom v Pan

Hnh: 2.11

Trong Cataloge tree chn shape file province_region.shp

Mtrang Preview v chn chhin thGeography

Sdng Zoom in phng to mt phn no ca province_region.shp

Nhn nt Create Thumnail to Thumnail cho file ny.


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Trong Catalog tree chn thmc C:\arcgis\thuchanh ri bm vo trang contents, sau

chn chThumnail view xem hnh Thumnail va to.

Hnh: 2.12

Bc 2.4. Lm vic vi cc lp (layer)

Layer l mt thp cc c tnh hin thdliu. Mt layer file cha cc ni dung sau:

- ng dn ti dliu

- c im hin thdliu gm: mu, nt chi, k hiu, font ch

- Dng layer hin thbn thng qua cc tham shin thdliu. Cc file layerthng c ui l *.lyr.

- Trong phn ny thc hnh xy dng layer cho feature class ca cc nc ng Dng

- Mi nc sc hin th1 mu ring bit.

- Trong ArcCatalog:

Chn thmc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai1\

Nhn vo trang preview

Nhn chut phi vo file coutry.shp chn create layer

Trong hp hi thoi hin ra g cc cac_nuoc_ddri nhn save

Bc tip theo t cc tham shin thcho layer cac_nuoc_dd


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Nhn chut phi vo layer cac_nuoc_dd ri chn properties. Mn hnh shin thhp

hi thoi Layer properties (H.2.13)

Nhn Symbology

Nhn vo Catergories trong danh sch nhn tip tc vo Unique value

value field t gi trten_nuoc.

Nhn nt Add all Value a tt ccc nc vo trong danh sch

Nhn nt Ok ng hp hi thoi Properties

Hnh: 2.13

Nhn vo file bt kri bm li vo file cac_nuoc_dd, lc ny mi nc trn bn sc 1 mu.

Bc 2.5. Lm vic vi layer trong ArcCatalog v ArcMap

C thsdng cc thao tc ko thchuyn cc layer hay feature class tArcCatalog

sang ArcMap

Trong bc ny cn khi ng ArcMap t ArcCatalog ri to layer bng cch ko cc

feature class tArcCatalog.

Trong ArcCatalog nhn nt launch ArcMap trn thanh cng c, nhn Ok to 1

Workspace mi.


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Dch chuyn ca sArcCatalog v ArcMap sao cho chng so le nhau c thng thi

lm vic.

Trong ArcCatalog nhn ri ko layer C:\Arcgis\thuchanh\bai1\cac_nuoc_dd sang TOC

ca ArcMap

Khi ko 1 layer tArcCatalog sang ArcMap sc c 2 layer ging nhau chkhng

phi 1 layer chung. Nu thay i tham shin thArcCatalog skhng nh hng n layer

copy sang ArcMap.

Trong ArcMap nhn chut phi vo layer cac_nuoc_dd

Chn Properties trong thmc hin ra vo trang Source

Dliu cho cc layer vn l shape file Country. Tip theo hin thcc nc dna bng 1

mu

Nhn trang Symbology

Nhn vo Feature, ArcMap stng chn Single symbol

Nhn nt OK, tt ccc feature ca lp Countries sc hin thcng 1 mu

Quay trvArcCatalog, vo thmc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai1

Nhn chut phi, vo trnh n Refresh

Chn cac_nuoc_ddtrong trang Contents ri nhn vo trang Preview.

Bc 2.6. Lm vic vi dliu

Trong ArcCataloge cho php to mi, di chuyn, xa cc thmc v file dliu ging

nhtrong windows Explorer bng cc lnh New, Copy, Paste, Delete

Trong ArcCataloge, bm vo trang Contents

Bm chut phi ri chn New ->folder

i tn thmc tNew folder thnh bai2Trong cy thmc bm chut phi vo cac_nuoc_ddlayer ri chn Copy

Nhn vo thmc /bai2 msau bm chut phi chn Past cac nuoc dna sc

chp vo thmc mi. (bc 1.7)

Bi tp 2

Sdng ArcView

1. Thm trng ten_loai vo lp province_region


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2. Chn tnh Vnh Phc, nhp gi trca coc tam dao vo trng ten_loai.

3. Chn cc tnh tThanh ha den Qung Nam, nhp gi trrua nui vang vo trng

ten_loai.4. Chn cc tnh vng ng bng sng Hng v Sng Cu long nhp gi trba ba tron

vo trng ten_loai.

Sdng ArcCataloge

1. To layer tfile province region va cp nht

2. To biu tng cho tng loi ra phn bVit Nam.

3. Nhlayer tn c:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai2\phanborua

4. Ko layer phanborua sang ArcView

5. Nhlayer vo a chc:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai2\phanborua.mdx


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Bi 3: Gii thiu vArcMap

Ni dung

To mt bn

Thuc tnh ca cc i tng

Tnh cht ca Dataframe v bn

Chuyn i nhanh hquy chiu

Ghi bn

ArcView tch hp thng tin a l v thng tin thuc tnh trong cc lp dliu v hin th

ln bn Dliu trong ArcMap c thxem chDataView v Layout view. Cc lp dliu v

tham sc nhm thnh cc Data frame v c ghi li trong file bn .

thm lp vo bn sdng nt Add data hay sdng ko-thtArcCatalog

Cc lp trong ArcMap c thc loi bbng cch bm chut phi vo tn lp TOC

v chn Remove.

Nu trong bn c nhiu layer th cc layer sc hin ththeo thtttrn xung

di theo danh sch trong TOC. thay i thtca layer nhn chut vo layer ri ko lnhoc xung vtr tng ng.

ArcMap c chc nng project on-the-fly cho php thay i tm thi h ta ca cc

layer (V dhta ca bn hin thi l UTM v nu thm vo 1 lp bn mi c hta

l Geogra[hic, ArcMap stng chuyn tm thi hta vUTM chng xp ng v

tr i vi cc lp khc. Hta gc khng thay i.

Mi bn c 1 hay nhiu Dataframe. Mi Dataframe c 1 hay nhiu hquy chiu ring.

Cc data frame c hin thring bit trong chdata View v c thhin thchung trong

chLayout ViewCc Layer c th c to ra t nhiu ngun d liu khc nhau: shape file, SDE

databases, table, photo hay images.

Cc dliu a l c 2 dng chnh l Vector (shape, cover, CAD, Geodatabase) v Raster

(nh s, nh quyt v cc file nh)


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Shape v Geodata l 2 dng dliu vector chnh ca ArcView, dliu trong 1 shape file

thuc 1 trong 3 dng chnh sau: im (point), ng (lines) v vng (polygons). Khi to shape

file trong ArcMap cn chr kiu dliu.Thc hnh

Bc 3.1.t hta cho shape file.

ng ArcMap

Chy ArcCatalog

Trong ArcCatalog chn thmc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai3 (H.3.1)

Hnh: 3.1

Nhn vo trang Contents nhn chut phi vo file quoc_gia.shp chn Properties

Chn FieldTrong ca sca hp hi thoi shin ra bng cc tham sshape file properties

Tham sXY coordinate system ca trng shape trng thi Unknown (H.3.2)


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Hnh: 3.2

Nhn nt Select

Trong ca sBrowse for Projected Coordinate System chn UTM - chn WGS84 chn

mi s48 Bc bn cu. (H.3.3)

Hnh: 3.3


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Lp li cho tt ccc file trong thmc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai3\

Nhn nt Add ng ca s

Nhn nt OK trong ca sSpatial Reference Properties

Nhn nt OK trong ca sShapefile Properties

Nhvy cc file shape c t hquy chiu

Bc 3.2. Chy ArcMap v to bn mi

Khi ng ArcMap tnt Start hoc nhn vo biu tng ArcMap trn mn hnh

Trong hp hi thoi hin ra nhn Ok to 1 bn mi (H.3.4)

Hnh: 3.4

Bc 3.3.t tham scho Dataframe

Trong th mc TOC ca bn va to c 1 Dataframe c tn mc nh l layer.

Dataframe cha c sliu

Nhn chut phi vo layer, chn Properties trong trnh n hin ra

Trong hp hi thoi nhn vo trang Coordinate System

Trong Select Coordinate System chn hquy chiu: Predefined Projected Coordinate

System UTM WGS1984 WGS1984 UTM Zone48N (H.3.5)

Hnh: 3.5


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30

Nhn nt OK

Bn sc hin thtrong hta WGS84 UTM. Nu thm vo Dataframe cc lp

dliu hquy chiu khc th ArcMap stng chuyn tm vhquy chiu WGS-84 UTM

hin th.

i tn cho Dataframe layer v chn n vhin thhta thc hin theo cc bc:

Nhn chut phi vo Layer, trong trnh n hin ra chn Properties

Hnh: 3.6

Nhn vo General

Trong Name nhp WGS84 UTM i tn ca Dataframe

Trong display chn Degree Minute Second hin th ta di dng - pht

giy.

Trn mn hnh Dataframe layer c i tn thnh WGS 84 UTM. Ta ca con tr

c hin thpha di bn phi mn hnh.

Bc 3.4. Thm dliu vo shape file v coverage file

Nhn nt Add data tthanh cng cca ArcMap (H.3.7)

Hnh: 3.7

Chn thmc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai3\ thm c5 file (contry.shp, quocgia.shp, rg_tinh,

Nat_border_indo, Nat_boder_vn) bng cch nhn Ctrl trn bn phm ri bm chut vo tng

file sau nhn nt Add. Dliu trong 5 file sc thm vo Dataframe Layer. Nhn Ok

chp nhn chuyn i.


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31

Nhn Add ln na

Chn thmc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai3 chn file phanboloai.

Nhn Nt Add thm vo bn

Bc 3.5. To Dataframe mi

Trnh n Insert Data Frame

New Data Frame xut hin trong TOC, khi cc layer ca Data Frame WGS84 UTM

khng xut hin trn mn hnh na

Nhn chut phi vo New Data Frame ri chn Properties, trong hp hi thoi hin ra

vo trang Coordinate System

t hta l Predefined Geographic Coordinate System World WGS1984 (khc

vi hta WGS84 UTM)

Nhn Ok

Sdng Add Data thm cc file vo

C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai3\contry.shp

Tt New Data Frame v bt WGS84UTM. Trong TOC bm chut phi vo WGS84UTM

ri chn trnh n activate. New Data Frame s tt, trn mn hnh s hin th Data Frame

WGS84UTM

Bc 3.7. Chuyn i hta

Trong ArcTool box chn Data Managerment Tools Project and Transformation

Feature - Project


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Hnh: 3.8

Ca sproject hin ra

Hnh: 3.9


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Input Dataset or Feature class nhp file bn cn chuyn ta

Input Cordinate system (option) nhp hta ca file ngun (thng thng khng cn

nhp thng sny, Arcgis tng d tm

Output Dataset or Feature class nhp thmc v tn file chuyn hta

Input Coordinate system nhp hta cn thay i (bt buc)

Geographic Transformation (option) phng php chuyn i khng bt buc

Nhn OK thc hin

Bi tp 3

To Dada frame ta Kinh v

To ata frame ta UTM.

Chuyn i cc lp dliu file shape thc mc c:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai3\ sang cc hta

geographic


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Bi 4. To dliu

Ni dung

Trong cc bi trc chng ta lm vic chyu vi inh dng dliu Shape file.

C 2 nh dng ARC map dng lu trdliu l shape files v personal geodatabase

(gi tt l geodatabase). Shape file n gin hn Geodatase song chc nng ca n li t hn.

Shape file lu trcd liu khng gian ln d liu thuc tnh. Ty thuc vo loi i

tng khng gian m n lu tr, shape file sc hin thtrong ArcCatalog bng 1 trong 3

biu tng (icon)

Vthc cht shape file khng phi l 1 file m l 5-6 file c tn ging nhau nhng ui

khc nhau (bn c thxem chng trong Windows Explorer). 3 file quan trng nht ca shape

file l cc file c ui:

*.shp- cha cc i tng khng gian (geometry)

*.dbf- bng thuc tnh

*.shx- chslin kt cc i tng vo bng thuc tnh

Nu c file *.prj th n sxc nh hquy chiu ca shape file.

nhp d liu hay chnh sa chng cn khi ng Edit Selection trong ArcMap.ArcMap c y cc cng cv cc i tng bn . Tt c cc cng cc b tr

trong thanh Editor Toolbar, thanh ny c thc hin ththng qua thc n ToolsEditor

ToolBar hoc ViewToolsEditor.

Mt c im ca ArcMap l khi vmt i tng hnh hc, cn sdng cng cSketch

(bt phc ha) vphc ha. Sau khi phc ha xong i tng bn ra lnh End Sketch

th hnh phc hc mi trthnh i tng tht trong CSDL. Tuy nhin, cc i tng ny vn

cha c ghi vo file ca CSDL trn a cng. Sau khi kt thc mt phin Edit (Edit

selection), nhn lnh Save Edits th sliu va cp nht mi tht sc ghi vo file CSDL

trn a cng.

Thc hnh

Bi ny to ra cc file sliu dng im, ng v vng

Bc 4.1. To file shape kiu point

Khi ng ArcCatalog

Vo thmc C:\ArcGis\thuchanh\bai4\


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Vo trang Contents ca ArcCatalog, bm chut phi vo chtrng bt kri chn thc

n Newshape file (H.4.1)

Hnh: 4.1

Hnh: 4.2

ArcCatalog s to mt shape file mi vi tn mc nh l New shapefile, nhp tn

mi l dist_sp1 bm Enter (H.4.2)

Feature chn Point

Spatial Reference nhn edit Select Projected Coordiante system UTM WGS 1984

WGS 1984 UTM Zone 48N


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36

Nhvy to c file shape mi vi dng dliu l cc im vi hta l WGS

1984 UTM Zone 48N

MArcMap

Thm layer dist_sp1, thm layer gt.shp; cp_np.shp

Chn Editor Start editing; task chn Create New Feature; Target chn dist_sp1

Nhn nt Sketch bm chut phi vo pha trong ranh gii VQG chn Absolute X Y

(H.4.3)

Hnh: 4.3

Nhp 10 im c ta theo bng di# X Y

1. 559994 2251290

2. 560059 2251300

3. 558047 2251860

4. 555968 2252580

5. 556635 2252780

6. 566930 2246950

7. 564517 2246570

8. 563746 2243670

9. 563284 2243670

10. 561718 2249140

Nhp xong vo Editor nhn Stop editing ArcMap hi Save edit? nhn Yes nh, (No

khng nhv Cancel bo qua).

By gi c c file dist_sp1 vi 10 im phn b.

Tip theo, nhp thuc tnh cho tng im phn b

tTOC bm chut phi vo file dist_sp1 (H.4.4) chn Open Atribute table ta c bng

sliu gm 3 trng FID; shape v Id m tkiu dliu ca i tng;


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Hnh: 4.4

Thm trng Name m t tn loi; X ly ta X; Y ly ta Y; Lat ly

Latitude; Long ly Longitude bng cch nhn vo Option chn Add field (H.4.5)

Hnh: 4.5

Trng name chn X; Type chn Float; Tip tc i vi cc trng tip theo Y, Long,

Lat; i vi trng Name chn Type l Text v l l 50 (H.4.6)


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Hnh: 4.6

Xong mi bc to trng nhn OK.

Bc 4.2. Chit sut thng tin ta v nhp thuc tnh cho cc im

Chn cc im c FID t0-5 nhp Name l rua hop 3 vach

Chn cc im c FID t6-9 nhp Name l Ra sa nhan

TMenu Selection chn (H.4.7)

Hnh: 4.7

Select By Attribute

Hp hi thoi hin ra;


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Layer chn dist_sp1

Method Create a New Selection

Nhn p vo FID

Tbng php tnh chn


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40

Lc ny c10 im phn bu c tn loi l Rua hop 3 vach va Rua sa nhan.

Hnh: 4.9

Hnh: 4.10


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Hnh: 4.11

Nhn chut Unselect all khng chn tt ci tng

Nhn chut phi vo Trng X chn Calcutale Geometry (H.4.12), phn mm cnh bo

khng thUndo

Hnh: 4.12


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Hnh: 4.13

Nhn Ok cp nht ta ca cc im (H.4.13)

Thc hin tng ti vi trng Y.

Bc 4.3. Cp nht hha kinh vcho cc im phn btrong dist_sp1

Trong hp Arc Tool Box S dng cng c Data Management Tool ->Projection and

Translator Feature - project (bc 3.6).

t thng s

Input dataset or feature class chn dist_sp1.shp

Input Coordinate system tng

Output dataset or feature class chn dist_sp1_ll.shp

Output Coordinate system chn Geographic Coordinate Systems-> World -> WGS1984

Nhn Ok thc hin vic chuynSau khi chuyn ta xong phn mm s tng m file dist_sp1_ll.shp v hin th

trong TOC (H.4.14-4.15)

Thc hin ging bc 2 cp nht hta UTM cho trng X v Y. Trong trng hp

ny hta UTM sc thay bng hta a l, Kinh v

Kt thc bc 3. By gicc im phn b c tn loi, vtr ta UTM v kinh v

.


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43

Hnh: 4.14

Hnh: 4.15

Bc 4.4. To file shape kiu line

Khi ng ArcCatalog



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Hnh: 4.16

Hnh: 4.17


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45

ArcCatalog sto mt shape file mi vi tn mc nh l New shapefile, hy nhp

tn mi cho n l route_1 bm Enter.

Feature chn line



Nhvy a to c file shape mi vi dng dliu l cc ng vi hta l WGS

1984 UTM Zone 48N (H.4.16-4.17)

MArcMap

Thm layer route_1, thm layer gt.shp; cp_np.shp

Chn Editor Start editing

Task chn Create New Feature

Target chn route_1

Chn Editor Snapping chn F92agt_polyline

Nhn nt Sketch t li ng giao thng tcng vn vo Bng

Nhp xong vo Editor nhn Stop editing ArcMap hi Save edit? nhn Yes nh,

By gi c c file route_1 vi ng kho st dc theo ng tcng VQG CcPhng vo Bng.

Tip theo, nhp thuc tnh cho ng kho st gm di.

Thc hin ging nhbc 2 nhng thay thng scp nht bng di leght v chn th

nguyn l m

Mt schc nng khc gm chnh sa ng

TTask chn Modify Feature sdng nt Edit Feature thay i cc Note ca ng.

Bc 4.5. To file shape kiu polygon

Khi ng ArcCatalog





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46

Hnh: 4.18

Hnh: 4.19

ArcCatalog sto mt shape file mi vi tn mc nh l New shapefile, hy nhp

tn mi cho n l polygon_1 bm Enter (H.4.19)

Feature chn Point




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47

Nh vy a to c file shape mi vi dng d liu l cc polygon vi h ta l

WGS 1984 UTM Zone 48N.

MArcMap

Thm layer polygon_1, thm layer gt.shp; cp_np.shp

Chn Editor Start editing

Task chn Create New Feature

Target chn polygon_1

Nhn nt Sketch nhp cc vng phn bloi l cc vng dc sui

Nhp xong vo Editor nhn Stop editing ArcMap hi Save edit? nhn Yes nh,

By gi c c file polygon_1 vi vng phn bdc theo cc sui.

Tip theo, nhp thuc tnh din tch cho vng phn b.

Thc hin ging nhbc 2 nhng thay thng s cp nht bng Area v chn th

nguyn l m

Mt schc nng khc i gm Chnh sa ng

TTask chn Modify Feature sdng nt Edit Feature thay i cc Note ca ng,completed polygon

Bc 4.6. Cc chc nng ct, hp trong Arcgis

Ct

Khi ng ArcMap - Thm lp thng tin cp_np - Thm lp thng tin forest_bn_area

Nhim vl ct cc vng rng nm ngoi ranh gii VQG.

Vo Arc Toolbox chn Analysis Tools chn Extract chn Clip (H.4.20)


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48

Hnh: 4.20

Phn mm shin thca schn lp thng tin cn clip, lp thng tin clip, v tn lp thngtin xut ra

Hnh: 4.21

Arc Toolbox sto mt shape file mi vi tn mc nh l ..._clip, hy nhp tn mi

cho n l forest_cp bm OK

Nhvy to c file shape forest trong khun vin ranh gii ca CP_NP vi hta

l WGS 1984 UTM Zone 48N.

Giao

MArcMap

Vo Arc Toolbox chn Analysis Tools chn overlay

Chn Intersect


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49

Hnh: 4.22

Phn mm shin thca schn lp thng tin Input feature v Intersect feature vtn lp thng tin xut ra, phn mm stng t tn bng tn ca lp input v thm c php

Intersect

Nhn Ok hon tt.

Hp

Vo Arc Toolbox chn Analysis Tools chn overlay chn Union (H.4.23)

Hnh: 4.23

ging cch thc hin cc bc ct,

Bi tp 4

Ct bn thm thc vt cho tnh H Nam v Ninh Bnh

Vcc im phn bloi Ba ba hLak, Daklak, HTy, H Ni

Vtuyn kho st v tnh di cc tuyn VQG Bch M

Sliu thmc c:\arcgis\bai4


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Bi 5. Cc phng php hin thdliu

Ni dung

Bi ny gii thiu cc phng php hin thd liu to nhn (label) cho cc i tng

trn bn .

Dliu c thc hin thtrn bn bng nhiu phng php khc nhau. Mi phng

php c c trng bi k hiu, mu sc, nt chi, ng baoty theo dliu v mc ch

sdng m chn cch hin thcho ph hp. Tt c cc i tng trn cng mt lp th u

phi hin ththeo cng mt phng php. ArcMap htrcc phng php hin thsau:

Single symbol: tt ccc i tng u c hin ththeo cng mt kiu. phng php

ny c dng hin thcc dliu n gin hay dng nghin cu mt phn bca cci tng dng im.

Categrories: cc i tng c hin thbng mu sc hay k hiu khc nhau a trn gi

trca mt (hay nhiu) thuc tnh no . Thuc tnh c sdng lm cshin thc gi tr

ri rc vi s lng khng qu 20-30 gi tr, chng hn nh 1,2,3 hay Hanoi,

Haiphong,c 3 chhin thbng Categories l 1. Unique values, 2. Unique values, may

fiels; 3. Match to symbols in style. Trong Unique values c s dng nhiu. Match to

symbols in style dng hin thbng cc styles t trc.

Quantities: cc i tng c hin thbng mu sc hay k hiu khc nhau da trn gitrca mt (hay nhiu) thuc tnh no . Khc vi phng php categories, thuc tnh c s

dng lm cshin thc gi trlin tc hay ri rc vi slng gi trln. chng hn nhkhi

thhin m hnh scao hay thhin mt dn ca 1 khu vc no . ArcMap schia cc

gi trc thc thnh tng khong ri t cho mi khong gi trmt loi k hiu. bn c th

thay i slng cng nhranh gii ca cc khong. cc loi k hiu c thsdng i vi

phng php Quantities l:

Graduated coulor: cc khong gi trc hin thbng mu sc khc nhau

Graduated symbols: cc khong gi trc hin thbng k hiu c kch thc tlvigi tr. Nhvy Proportional symbol shin thchnh xc hn Graduated symbols song n

c tnh khi qut ha km hn v khng thch hp khi thuc tnh c rt nhiu gi tr(lm ri

mt).

Dot Density: thuc tnh c thhin bng cc im c mt khc nhau. Gi trcng

cao th mt cng ln.

Chart: gi trca mt tp hp cc thuc tnh dng sc thhin bng biu .


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Multiple Attribute: Ging nh phng php Quantitiles Graduated colour song p

dng cho mt tp hp cc thuc tnh.

Thc hnh

Trong bi tp ny chng ta sthc tp cch hin thmt bn hnh chnh Vit Nam.

Tt ccc dliu c cho trong thmc C:\ArcGIS\thuchanh\bai5\

Bc 5.1. To bn v thm dliu

Chy ArcMap ri to mt bn mi.

Bm nt Add Data ri thm tt c cc shapefile th mc C:\ArcGIS\thuchanh\bai5\

(H.5.1)

i tn ca Data Frame tlayer thnh Single Symbol bng cch: bm chut 2 ln

(bm chm chkhng bm nhanh) ri g Single Symbol. Bm Enter.

Sp xp cc layer trong TOC theo th t t trn xung dui nh sau: Cities,

Nat_border_indo, Nat_border_vn, river, ....Country.

Hnh: 5.1

Bc 5.2.t chhin th(Symbology) cho layer Cities

Bm chut phi vo Cites trong TOC ri chn Propeties, trong hp thoi hin ra vo

trang Symbology.

Trong Show chn Features ri chn phng php hin th l Single Symbol (H.5.2)

Bm vo nt Symbol


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Trn mn hnh s hin ra hp thoi Symbol Selector. chn Kiu k hiu c sn l

Circle 2.

Hnh: 5.2

Bm vo nt Color t mu cho k hiu l mu

t Size l 8 pixel cho kch thc ca k hiu

Bm nt OK, quay vhp thoi Layer Properties, bm tip nt OK ln na nghp thoi ny (H.5.3)

Hy xem cch hin th cc thnh ph trong ca s ArcMap v k hiu di dng

Cities trong TOC.

Hnh: 5.3


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Bc 5.3.t chhin thcho lp Tentinh_text, Nat_boder_vn, Nat_boder_indo...

- Ranh gii tnh

Nhn p vo Rg_tinh Chn Symbol - Chn phng php l Single symbol chn kiu k

hiu Boundary, City ; chn size l 0.7

Chn General Layer name (chuyn i kiu g sang TCVN3), thay Rg_tinh thnh Ranh

gii tnh;

Nhn OK

- Bin gii quc gia

Nhn p vo Nat_border_vn Chn Symbol - Chn phng php l Single symbol chn

kiu k hiu Boundary, County ; chn size l 2

Chn General Layer name (chuyn i kiu g sang TCVN3), thay Nat_border_vn

thnh Bin gii quc gia;

Nhn OK

Lm tng tcho cc lp Nat_border_indo

- Giao thng

Nhn p vo traffic_vn Chn Symbol - Chn phng php l Single symbol chn kiu

k hiu Highway Ramp; chn size l 0.5

Chn General Layer name (chuyn i kiu g sang TCVN3), thay traffic_vn thnh

ng giao thng;

Nhn OK

- Tnh

Nhn p vo Province_region Chn Symbol - Chn phng php l Categories ri

Unique Values.

Chn Value Field l TEN_HC Bm nt Add All Values, ArcMap stm tt ccc gi tr

ca TEN_HC trong bng thuc tnh v gn cho mi gi trmt mu.


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Hnh: 5.4

Bnh du dng TEN_HC thay bng Tn tnh (H.5.4)

Bm OK ng hp thoi Symbol Selector.

Nhn p vo tnh cn thay i k hiu, ca ssymbol selector hin ra cho php k

thay i kiu k hiu, nt chi...


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Hnh: 5.5

Trong hp thoi Symbol Selector bm vo nt Properties, trn mn hnh shin ra hp

thoi Symbol Property Editor cho php sa hoc to ra k hiu mi (H.5.5-5.6)

Hnh: 5.6

Trong Simple Fill ; Color khu vc chn mu ; Outline color chn mu ng ; Outline

vWidth chn kch thc ng bao

Bm nt OK 3 ln ln lt ng cc hp thoi Symbol Property Editor, Symbol

Selector v Layer Properties.


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Quan st cch thhin ng ranh gii trn mn hnh v cc k hiu pha di cc Layer

trong TOC.

t k hiu cho lp River

Thc hin tng tnhbc chn k hiu ca ranh gii tnh v chn kiu c sn l

river.

Bc 5.4. Thm mu nn cho Data Frame Single Symbol

Trong TOC bm chut phi vo Data Frame Single Symbol ri chn thc n

Properties.

Vo trang Frame, trong Background chn kiu l LtBlue.

Bm OK ng hp thoi

Bc 5.5. To nhn (label) cho cc lp tn tnh v Countries

- Tn Tnh

Nhn p vo lp Tentinh, ca slayer properties hin ra.

Chn Symbology, chn Feature - Single symbol chon Circle1 chn kch thc 0.001,

chn mu trng, nhn Apply.

Chn Label, check Label features in this layer

Label field chn textstring

Text symbol chn Vnarial; size chn 8; coulor chn mu (H.5.7)

Nhn Ok

Hnh: 5.7

Thc hin tng ti vi lp Country chn single symbol; Fill colour chn None

color; Outline colour chn No color; Label song chn trng l Quoc_gia, c ch l 10,


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Bold. Nhm vo nt Placement properties ri trong hp thoi hin ra chn Remove Dublicate

labels (mi i tng chto1 nhn).

Hnh: 5.8

Hy phng to khu vc vtl1:1.000.000 gn ging hnh vsau:

Bi tp 5

Bin tp bn cho Vn quc gia ca Vit Nam, mi VQG 1 mu

Thng tin gm

Tn tnh, ranh gii tnh,

Tn Vn Quc gia,

Tn Hong Sa, Tn Trng Sa, Tn cc quc gia ln cn

Sng sui chnh

Bin gii quc gia


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Bi 6. Trnh by bn (layout a map)

Ni dung

Bi ny hng dn cch trnh by mt bn in ra giy, cch hin th nhiu Data

Frame trn cng mt trang giy, to cc yu tca bn nhli Km, thc tl, ch gii

ArcMap c 2 chhin thdliu: Data View v Layout View. ChData View ph

hp vi vic chnh sa v bin tp d liu. Layout View ph hp vi vic trnh by in ra

giy sn phm bn . Khc vi Data View chcho php hin th1 Data Frame 1 thi im,

layout view c thhin thnhiu Data Frame cng mt lc. sang chLayout View hy

vo trnh n View Layout View. Trong chny, trn mn hnh ngoi thanh cng c

Tools shin ththm 1 thanh cng cna c tn l Layout:

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BIEN DONG

LAOTRUNG QUOC

VIET NAM

THAI LAN

CAM PU CHIA

C Mau

Sn La

Cn ThBn Tre

k Lk

Gia Lai

Kon Tum

Ph Yn

Nng

HNam

HTy

Bc Kn

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BIEN DONG

LAO

VIET NAM

TRUNG QUOC

THAI LAN

CAM PU CHIA

C Mau

Sn La

Cn ThBn Tre

k Lk

Gia Lai

Kon Tum

Ph Yn

Nng

HNam

HTy

Bc Kn

Yn Bi

Lo Cai

H Tnh

Ngh An

An Giang

Tr Vinh

Bc Liu

ng Nai

Lm ng

PhTh

Lng Sn

H Giang Cao Bng

Ha Bnh

Lai Chu

Sc Trng

TyNinh

Khnh Ho

Bnh nh

Qung Nam

Qung Tr

Namnh

Hi Phng

BcNinh

Hi Phng

Thanh Ho

Tin Giang

Kin Giang

Bnh Phc Ninh Thun

NinhBnh

Qung Bnh

BnhDng

Qung Nghi

ThiNguyn

TuynQuang

Tha Thin Hu

B Ra-Vng Tu

1120'0"E

1120'0"E

1100'0"E

1100'0"E

1080'0"E

1080'0"E

1060'0"E

1060'0"E

1040'0"E

1040'0"E

220'0"N220'0"N

200'0"N200'0"N

180'0"N180'0"N

160'0"N 160'0"N

140'0"N 140'0"N

120'0"N 120'0"N

100'0"N 100'0"N

.

0 450225

Kilometers

Hnh:

Thanh cng cLayout cng c cc cng cphng to thu nh(Zoom). Cn phn bit

cc cng cny vi cc cng ccng tn trn thanh cng cTools vn thng dng:

Cc cng ctrn thanh Layout: thay i tlca trang giy nhng khng thay i tl

ca bn (tlbn l tlhin thca cc dliu bn trong).

Cc cng ctrn thanh Tools: thay i tlbn nhng khng thay i tltrang giy.

chn cc i tng trong chLayout View hy sdng cng cSelect Element

trn thanh Tools.


59/84


60/84

60

Hnh: 6.1

Bm sang trang Grid. Trong trang ny bm vo nt New Grid to li Km mi. Trn mnhnh shin ra hp thoi sau (H.6.2)

Hnh: 6.2

Chn loi li l Graticule: divides map by meridians and paralls (li kinh v). t

tn cho li l kvd. Bm nt Next.


61/84

61

Hnh: 6.3

Trong hp thoi tip theo sau (H.6.3) chn Graticule and labels (li v nhn), chn

Intervals theo ckinh v vl 2. bm nt Style ri t mu cho li l Blue. Bm nt OK ri

nt Next.

Hnh: 6.4

Trong hp thoi tip theo (H.6.4) bdu cc Major v Minor division ticks. Bm nt

Font ri t phng chch nhn l Arial, c8. bm nt Next.


62/84


63/84

63

Bc 6.5. To thc tlv dng tlcho Data Frame layer

Chn Data Frame layer.

Vo trnh n InsertScale Bar

Trong hp thoi Scale Bar Selection hin ra chn kiu thc tlc sn l Altermalting

Scale Bar 1.

Bm nt Properties. Trn mn hnh shin thra hp thoi Scale Bar (H.6.7)

Hnh: 6.7

Chn number of Division 2 v Number Of SubDivision (cc khong chia) bng 4,

Division Units (n vo) l Km, Label (nhn) l km (H.6.8)


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64

Hnh: 6.8

Bm nt Ok ng hp thoi Scale Bar

Bm tip Ok ln na ng hp thoi Scale Bar Selector. Trn mn hnh shin th1

thc tl.

Dch chuyn thc tlvvtr thch hp, cch dch chuyn tng tnhi vi Data

Frame.

Thay i kch thc ca thc t lmt cht ta c th thu c khong chia chn

(0,200,400, km).

to dng t lhy vo trnh n Insert Scale Text, trong hp thoi hin ra chn

kiu c sn l Absolute Scale. Bm nt OK.

Trn bn shin ra dng t l 1:7,600,000. Dch chuyn dng t lny vv tr

thch hp

Bc 6.6. To mi tn phng Bc

Vo trnh n Insert North Arrow, trn hnh s hin ra hp thoi North Arrow

Selector.


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65

Chn kiu c sn l ESRI North3, bm OK, trn bn sxut hin mi tn phng Bc

(H.6.9)

Hnh: 6.9

Dch chuyn mi tn vvtr thch hp

Bc 6.7. To bng ch gii (legend) cho Data Frame Single Symbol

Vo trnh n Insert Legend, trn mn hnh s hin ra hp thoi Legend Wizard

(H.6.10). Trong danh sch Legend Items lit k nhng layer c trong ch gii.

Hnh: 6.10


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66

Loi tt ccc layer trong legend item bng cch bm vo nt loi layer ra khi ch

gii, sau chn nhng layer cn hin th

Chn Rg_tinh, traffic_vn, Nat_border_vn, Cities trong danh sch Legend Iterm ri bm

nt thm .

t number of colum bng 1 (bng ch gii schia thnh 1 ct).

Bm nt Next.

Trong hp thoi tip theo (H.6.11) g ch gii vo Legend Title, chn cchl 12,

cn lgia chn font l vnArial.

Hnh: 6.11

Bm nt Next

Trong hp thoi tip theo (H.6.12) chn Border l 1.0 point , Background l

White .

Hnh: 6.12


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67

Bm nt Next.

Trong hp thoi hin ra bm nt Next.

Trong hp thoi hin ra bm nt Finish.

Trn bn hin ra bng ch gii. a n v vtr thch hp.

Hnh: 6.13

Phng to khu vc bng ch gii ta thy n cha t yu cu v cc chch gii vn bng

ting Anh (H.6.14)

Hnh: 6.14

i chvting Vit vo TOC, bm chut chm 2 ln vo tng k hiu ca cc layer

ri g li chng thnh ting Vit 6.15

Hnh: 6.15


68/84

68

Sau khi chuyn cc chtrong TOC vting Vit, bng ch gii cng tng thay i

theo.

Nhn vo ch gii chn font chvnArial thanh cng cpha di (H.6.16)

Hnh: 6.16

Bc 6.8.t font chting Vit Unicode cho legend

Nu bn dng bg ting Vit Unicode th phi t font chUnicode. Khi to legend

bc trc th thy rng khng thchn c cc font chny.

Bm chut phi vo bng ch gii, chn Properties, trong hp thoi hin ra vo trang

Legend (H.6.17)

Hnh: 6.17


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69

Bm vo nt Symbol, trong hp thoi Symbol Selector hin ra bm vo nt Properties.

Hnh: 6.18

Trong hp thoi tip theo bm vo nt Font chArial. Bm OK 3 ln ng cc hp

thoi v quay trvhp thoi Legend Properties.

Bm sang trang Items (H.6.19)

Hnh: 6.19


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70

Chn Cities trong danh sch Legend Items ri bm nt Styles. Trn mn hnh shin ra

hp thoi Legend Item Selector (H.6.20)

Hnh: 6.20

Bm vo nt Properties. Trong hp thoi Legend Item (H.6.21) bm vo nt LabelSymbol

Hnh: 6.21


71/84

71

Trong hp thoi Symbol Selector hin ra bm vo nt Properties.

Trong hp thoi tip theo bm vo nt Font ri chn font chArial. Bm OK 4 ln

ng cc hp thoi v quay trvhp thoi Legend Properties.

Bc 6.9. To dng tt bn v mt schch gii

Vo trnh n Insert Title, trn bn shin ra mt i tng chvi chMake

mc nh, hy xa ch v nhp chBn hnh chnh Vit Nam ri bm Enter.

Bm chut phi vo dng chva to, chn trnh n Properties.

Nu dng font chUnicode th trong hp thoi hin ra bm vo nt Change Symbol ri

chn chArial, 14, Bold. Bm OK 2 ln ng cc hp thoi li.

Hnh: 6.22

Nu bn dng font chting vit ABC th hy t font .vn theo phng php tng t.

Dch chuyn dng title vpha trn gia bn .

to dng chbin tp ti Hi ra pha di bn tri bn (hnh di), vo trnh

n InsertText ri lm tng tnhtrn song chn font chl Arial, 8, Italic.

Bc 6.10. In bn

in bn ny hy vo trnh n File Print. Trong hp thoi hin ra bm vo nt

Setup ri t cc tham sIn cn thit.

Bc 6.11. Ghi bn

Vo trnh n FileSave.

Bc 6.12. Xut khu bn


72/84

72

Vo trnh n File export map chn nh dng cn xut khu, JPG, TIFF, emf, ch

t phn gii.

Bi tp 7

Bin tp bn cho Vn quc gia ca Vit Nam c y ni dung ca bn gm,

tiu , thc tl, li ta , ch gii, mtn phng bc...

Thng tin gm

Tn tnh, ranh gii tnh,

Tn Vn Quc gia,

Tn Hong Sa, Tn Tr

ng Sa, Tn cc quc gia ln c

n

Sng sui chnh

Bin gii quc gia

Tl1:7.600.000


73/84

73

Bi 7: Chuyn i gia cc nh dng dliu

Ni dung

Bi ny hng dn cch sdng ArcTooolBox chuyn i gia cc nh dng dliu

khc nhau. y l mt vn thng gp trong thc tdo cc d liu liu c xut xkhc

nhau, mi ngun c mt nh dng ring v phi a vmt nh dng thng nht hiu th

trn bn . Chng ta shc cch chuyn i gia 2 nh dng chnh ca ArcGIS l Shape file.

Cc nh dng Microstation

nh dng: MapInfor Interchange MIF

File text cha toX, Y ca cc i tng dng im

Mi Shapefile hay feature class trong ArcGIS chc c thcha cc i tng cng loi

(im, ng, vng hoc m t- anotation). trong khi cc file hoCAD hay bng ca

Mapinfo li thng cha nhiu loi i tng cng bng, lp. Do khi chuyn dliu tcc

file loi ny sang nh dng ca ArcGIS cn chuyn ln lt tng loi i tng vo ring tng

Shapefile hay feature class.

Nu import d liu vo Shapefile th sau khi thc hin cn t h to cho cc

Shapefile ny (bng ArcCatalog).

Thc hnh

Bi tp ny xy dng mt bn cc im phn bloi ra hp 3 vch trn nn bn

a hnh tl: 1:50000 khu vc Vn quc gia Cc Phng

- Cc lp ng (gm ranh gii x, ng bnh , sng sui, dn c, giao thng) c

cho trong nh dng Microstation *.DGN.

- Cc lp Ranh gii VQG, Thm thc vt c cho trong nh dng MapInfo TAB.

- im phn b loi ra hp 3 vch c cho di dng ta lu trong bng Excel,

cha toX, Y ca cc im phn bBc 7.1. Chuyn lp ng tnh dng Microstation (*.DGN)

Khi ng ArcMap

Mdliu dng DGN bng nt lnh thm lp thng tin.

Chn 5 file DGN th mc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\ F92adh.dgn; F92ath.dgn;

F92adc.dgn; F92agt.dgn; F92arg.dgn;

Sdng nt iu khin nhn din cc lp thng tin trong 5 file DGN


74/84

74

Khi ng ArcToolBox (hnh di) nhy p vo Conversion Tools (H.7.1)

Hnh: 7.1

Nhy p vo To Shapefile hp hi thoi Feature Class to Shapefile (H.7.2)

Hnh: 7.2

Input Feature chn cc lp thng tin cn chuyn, ln lt chn (H.7.3)

F92adh.dgn Polygon; F92adh.dgn Polyline;

F92arg.dgn Polygon; F92arg.dgn Polyline;


75/84

75

F92ath.dgn Polygon; F92ath.dgn Polyline;

F92adc.dgn Polygon; F92adc.dgn Polyline; F92adc.dgn annotaion;

F92agt.dgn Polyline.

F92arg.dgn Polyline.

Trong mc output Folder chn thmc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\diahinh\

Hnh: 7.3

- Bn nt OK. ArcToolBox s t ng chuyn i cc i tng dng tuyn, dng

polygon, dng text tcc thng tin cha trong cc file DGN vo feature class.

Bc 7.2. Chuyn ranh gii VQG, thm thc vt tfile TAB ca Maplnfo

MMapInfo, M2 file rg_cp_np.tab v vegetation_cp.tab

TMenu Tool chn Universal Translator


76/84

76

Hnh: 7.4

frame Source nhn vo mi tn Format chn MapInfotab; T file chn cc file cn

chuyn (H.7.4-7.5)

C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\rg_cp_np.tab v vegataion_cp.tab nhn Shift chn 2 file)

frame Destination nhn vo mi tn Format chn ESRI Shape; Directory chn

C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\cp_np\

Hnh: 7.5


77/84

77

Bm nt ok, Universal Translator stng chuyn i cc i tng dng vng, ng

vo shape

Bc 7.3: Chuyn cc im phn bra hp tbng ta kinh vlu trong Excel

- TMenu Tool chn Add XY data hp hi thoi xut hin (H.7.6)

- T hp Choose a table from the map nhn nt m chn file

c:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\turtle\dis1.xls

- X Field chn X

- Y Field chn Y

- Nhn Edit chn Spatial Reference Properties (H.7.7)

- Nhn Select chn Geographic Coordinate Systems World Chn WGS 1984.prj

Hnh: 7.6


78/84

78

Hnh: 7.7

Nhn OK lc ny cc im phn bhin thtrong ca sbn ca ArcMap (H.7.8)

Bm chut phi vo layer trong TOC chn Data chn Export Data

Hnh: 7.8

Chn all features

t tn cho layer l dist_sp11


79/84

79

Nhn Ok thc hin chuyn cc im phn b loi 1 vo th mc

C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\dist_sp11.shp.

Hnh: 7.9

Lc ny cc im phn bca loi sp11 c nhp vo bn , hta l kinh v,

hquy chiu l WGS 1984.

Bc 7.4.t hto cho cc shapefile va nhp vo

- Trong qu trnh chuyn i bc 1 tMicrostation sang Shape, ArcToolBox khng tng gn hto nh sn trong feature dataset cho feature class va to. Cn kim tra v

t hta UTM WGS 84, mi 48N cho file va to ra bi 3 t hta cho shape file

ArcCataloge

- Trong qu trnh chuyn i cc bc 2-3 t MapInfo sang shapefile, Universal

Translatir khng tt htocho chng.

Chy ArcCataloge

Vo thmc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\cp_np\ ri bm vo trang ContentsBm chut phi vo shapefile cp_np_polyline.shp ri chn trnh n Properties.

Shapefile Properties hin ra chn XY Coordinate system nhn Select chn Projected

Coordinate Systems UTM WGS 1984 - WGS 1984 UTM Zone 48N.prj (H.7.10)


80/84

80

Hnh: 7.10

Bm nt Add

Bm nt OK 2 ln ng cc hp thoi li. ArcCatalog st htocho shapefile l

UTM Zone 48N WGS-84, tip tc thc hin cc file shape khc.

i vi file shape thmcC:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7\dist1\ chn hta file shape dist_sp11.shp

Nhn Select chn Geographic Coordinate Systems World Chn WGS 1984.prj

Bc 7.5. Hin thdliu

ng ArcCatalog. Chy ArcMap nu cha chy.

To mt bn mi.

Dng ni Add data thm cc shapefile va mi nhp thmc C:\arcgis\thuchanh\bai7

t Symbology cho lp Duong_Polyline vi cc tham snhsau:

Phng php Feature Single symbol

ng bnh ; Sng sui; ng giao thng

Ranh gii; Ranh gii NP; Distribution point

Cch t Symbology (bc 5.2-5.4)


81/84

81

t thanh mu cho lp Vegataion bng phng php Categories - Unicque Value Type

Add all value

Hnh: 7.11

Lp Anottation chcha thng tin c ch di dng chnn ta chcn hin thchng m

khng cn hin thcc i tng dng im c trong lp ny.

t Symbology l Circle 1, Color: No Color.

Vo hp thoi Properties, trang Label, nh du Label features in this layer, chn Label

field l TEXT.

Bm vo nt Symbol.

Trong hp thoi Symbol Selector hin ra bm vo nt Properties

Trong hp thoi Editor hin ra (hnh di) bm vo nt Font ri chn font chl vnArial,c8 (chn c font chting Vit v trong hp thoi Symbol Selector khng hin thcc font

ch).

Bm nt OK 3 ln ng cc hp thoi li.

To nhn cho lp F92adh_anottation_point.shp, song chn font ch l Arial, 6, Italic.

Bc 5.5.


82/84

82

Bi tp 7

Chuyn i cc dliu trong thmc c:\arcgis\bai7\convert sang dng sliu ca Arcgis

hta UTM WGS 1984

Nhp cc im phn b loi ra trung b t bng excel trong th mc

c:\arcgis\bai7\convert v chuyn i thnh file shape, nhp cc thuc tnh v ta ca cc

im dng ta kinh v.

Bin tp bn phn bloi ra VQG Cc Phng


83/84

83

Bi 8. Lnh truy vn hi p

Ni dung:

- Dng lnh truy vn khai thc dliu tcc bng.

- Hin thkt qutruy vn

- Tnh ton sliu thng k tcc bng

Bn trong ArcGIS cha ng mt khi lng ln thng tin. Tuy nhin, bn

khng trln qu phc tp kh sdng, khng phi tt ccc thng tin ny c thhin trc

quan trn bn , nhiu thng tin kh tuy nm trong csdliu nhng khng chin th

nhcc thuc tnh khng phi l trng tm ca cc i tng, mi lin hlogic gia cc i

tng,...ArcGIS c mt scng ckhai thc cc thng tin : cng cIdentify trli cuhi l ci g?, cng cQuery tm cc i tng thomn mt hay nhiu iu kin no

hay phn tch dliu.

Trong bi ny chng ta ssdng query lm vic vi cc bng thuc tnh.

Mt lnh truy vn n gin bao gm tn trng, ton tv gi tr. Cc lnh truy vn n

gin c thkt hp vi nhau to thnh cc lnh phc tp.

Thc hnh

Bc 8.1. Select theo loi rngMlp thng tin Forest_nb_area_intersect

Mbng thuc tnh.

Cp nht din tch cho tng polygon

TOption chn Select by Attribite


84/84

Hnh: 8.1

Nhp c php

"TYPE" LIKE 'Rng th-a th-ng xanh trung bnh'

Nhn Apply chn cc polygon c iu kin trn

Bc 8.2. Select theo nhiu iu kin

Thm iu kin "TYPE" LIKE 'Rng th-a th-ng xanh trung bnh' AND "DTICH"

>=10000

Chn cc polygon tha mn l rng thng xanh trung bnh v c din tch >=10000.

Bi tp 8

Tnh cc vng cc din tch t1-2 ha.

Documents

Huong Dan Su Dung Arcgis 92 (1)