H NG D N S D NG PH N M M ELECTRONIC WORKBENCH

5.12

H NG D N S D NG PH N M M ELECTRONIC WORKBENCH 5.12

Hi n nay, v i s h tr c a my tnh vi c th nghi m v ch t o cc m ch i n tr nn n gi n h n nhi u. Nh c nh ng ph n m m h tr ny, cho php ng i ch t o t n th i gian cho vi c th nghi m nhi u l n trn th c t v vi c thi t k thu n l i h n nhi u. C r t nhi u ph m m m lin quan n thi t k v m ph ng i n. Trong gi i h n bi ny, xin gi i thi u v i cc b n ph n h ng d n s d ng ph n m m ELECTRONIC WORKBENCH 5.12. y l m t ph n m m m ph ng tr c quan v i n t , d thao tc v i ng i s d ng. n hi n th i c phin b n 10.0. Tuy nhin, chng ti v n gi i thi u phin b n 5.12 v v n c r t nhi u b n s d ng phin b n ny, v nh ng phin b n sau ny c nng c p t cc phin b n tr c , cho nn t ph n c s ny b n c th tm hi u d dng h n i v i cc phin b n cao h n.

Ti li u h ng d n g m hai ph n:

PH N TRA C U : Dng tra c u cc ch c nng c a cc cng c lm vi c c a ph n m m ELECTRONIC WORKBENCH 5.12. G m cc lo i sau:

Cc thanh ch c nng Th vi n linh ki n Thi t b o ki m

PH N TH C HNH : G m

Cc bi th c hnh c b n Cc bi th c hnh nng cao

V TR C A EWB TRONG MN H C C.A.A

C.A.A. l tn c a mn h c Gi i tch m ch v i s tr gip my tnh, vi t t t t thu t ng Computer Aided Analysis. ti n cho vi c trnh by trong gio trnh, ng i vi t xin c php dng thu t ng vi t t t ny thay th cho tn mn h c "Gi i tch m ch v i s tr gip my tnh" trong ton b gio trnh i n t . y l m t mn h c c r t nhi u cc tr ng i h c, cao ng trn ton th gi i s d ng. N trang b cho sinh vin cc ki n th c c b n v my tnh, t sinh vin c th phn tch m ch, h th ng i n qua cc cng c m mn h c h tr . Xin ng nh m thu t ng "phn

tch m ch" y theo ngha l " c c nguyn l lm vi c c a m ch", m hy hi u theo h ng phn tch chi ti t t ng linh ki n thnh ph n tham gia m ch... k c c a ng i thi t k , t c th phn tch u nh c i m c a m ch, gip ng i s d ng cng c d dng h n trong vi c c i ti n m ch theo h ng mnh mu n. Tu vo t ng tr ng, t ng ngnh, t ng c p h c, cc cng c c trang b trong mn h c cng khc i. C th v i cc tr ng thin v thi t k , ng i ta s d ng Matlab; cc tr ng ch y u th c hnh c th dng Electronics Workbench (EWB), Pspice, CircuitMaker, Orcad ... T i b mn i n t tr ng i h c s ph m k thu t Tp H Ch Minh, chng ti s d ng EWB v Pspice. Tm l i, ph n m m Electronics Workbench chnh l m t cng c m mn h c C.A.A mu n trang b cho sinh vin. Ngoi cng c l ph n m m EWB, mn h c C.A.A cn trang b cho sinh vin ngnh i n t cc ki n th c v m hnh ton h c c a cc linh ki n i n t , gi i thi u v c u trc ph n c ng my tnh ...

l m t cng c , th chnh b n thn ph n m m ny khng th t n thi t k nn m ch i n, m n ch tr gip ng i thi t k trong vi c tnh ton: ngha l n u ng i s d ng khng bi t thi t k th ph n m m ny cng ch ng thi t k c g ngoi cc v d m u mang tnh minh ho . Khng nn hi u thu t ng EDA (Electric and Elecctronics Design Automation) l ph n m m c th t n thi t k c m ch i n. Chnh xc l n ch lm cho vi c thi t k tr nn d dng h n nh vo t c tnh ton c c nhanh c a n. C m t cu ni c v dn d nh ng di n t r t chnh xc tr ng h p ny, l:"V i my tnh, n u ta a vo rc n s cho ra rc".

Trong cc ph n m m m ph ng hi n nay, EWB l m t trong nh ng ph n m m th c d ng nh t. Do v y sinh vin s c nhi u thu n l i khi ti p c n v i ph n m m Electronics Workbench.

M T S C I M

N u em so snh gi a Electronics Workbench (EWB) v i Orcad (sau khi st nh p v i MicroSim) hay Pspice v kh nng m ph ng th EWB khng m nh b ng. Nh ng n u chng ta hi u c tn g i, th cng ph n no hi u c c tnh c b n c a ph n m m ny v hi u c v sao n v n c ch ng nh t nh trong th c t ! Thu t ng "work-bench" trong ti ng Anh c ngha l bn lm vi c c a th . C ngha l: khi thao tc trn EWB, ta c c m gic gi ng nh ang lm vi c trn bn th v y... No l l y t ng linh ki n c m vo b ng m ch, r i hn n i dy gi a chng l i v i nhau theo s m mnh mong mu n, sau l p cc c c u o o cc thng s c n kh o st v sau khi quan st k l ng th ... c p i n cho m ch xem k t qu . n y th b t u c khc: N u nh m ch th c t c th b "x t khi" hay chy n , h linh ki n, c c u o... ngha l t n hao ti n c a, th y chng ta yn tm. Ch ng trnh EWB s bo hi u cho chng ta bi t m khng h c s c h ng hc, h hao no. Trong m ch th c t , ngoi tn hi u th c n cn ch ng ch p vo v s nh ng tn hi u nhi u m n u l ng i thi u kinh nghi m trong th c t kh lng b n nh n ra c u l tn hi u th t c n kh o st. Trong khi v i EWB th tn hi u nh n c l tn hi u th t 100%.

V i m ch th c t , khi mu n m ch t m ng yn m t tr ng thi b t k ghi nh n k t qu lm vi c l chuy n kh th v i EWB r t n gi n: b n ch c n nh n bn gc ph i c a mn hnh ngay d i nt cng-t c ngu n th m ch s t m d ng l i b n ghi nh n k t qu . Mu n m ch ch y tr l i ch c n nh n nt 'Pause" thm m t l n n a. Ch ng trnh EWB c th ch ng ch p nhi u k t qu phn tch ln m t th phn tch trong khi m ch th c t i h i ph i lm i lm l i nhi u l n, m i l n u ph i ghi k t nh n k t qu . T y, vi c phn tch m ch s d dng h n khi s d ng EWB.Cc c c u o, thi t b hi n th trong EWB r t phong ph v ch t l ng th tuy t v i, n u th c t b n mu n s h u y cc thi t b trn th ""h i b " kh! Cc thi t b trn s gip b n r t nhi u trong vi c phn tch m ch. B n c c m gic nh c lm vi c trong m t phng th nghi m r t hi n i. Cng nh cc ph n m m phn tch m ch khc, EWB c cc cng c th ng k tnh ton r t nhanh m n u tnh b ng tay c l ph i t n m t th i gian kh di hon thnh (i lc khng tnh c). T t nhin, yu c u n i ng i s d ng EWB ph i c c m t trnh c b n nh t nh. Nh ng n u ch nu nh ng u i m m b qua nh c i m th th t l phi n di n. "Nhn v th p ton" nn s n ph m con ng i t o ra cng khng trnh kh i nh ng sai st nh t nh. Ch ng trnh EWB v n t n t i m t s nh c i m sau: Do EWB dng ph ng php Newton-Raphson gi i quy t cc m ch i n phi tuy n, ngha l khi g p cc linh ki n phi tuy n EWB s tuy n tnh ho chng v th s d n n cc sai s . Khi cc sai s ny cn n m trong dung sai c ch nh tr c trong qu trnh phn tch m ch (trong menu Analysis), th k t qu v n c hi n th . N u sai s ny v t qu m c cho php, thng tin bo l i (Error) s hi n ra v vi c phn tch s b h y b , trong khi m ch th c t c th v n ch y t t. Do EWB ch y u nh tnh t nh l ng, v d v i m t transistor BJT: Pspice cng th i i m dng n 14 thng s m ph ng trong khi EWB ch c 10. Nn sai s x y ra kh l n. i u ny cng l gi i v sao cng m t c u hnh my tnh, m ch i n, cc yu c u phn tch... EWB ch y nhanh v t b "treo" h n Pspice. Tnh lin thng gi a cc ph n m m c a EWB ch a cao: n u nh Pspice v Orcad (lc ch a st nh p) c th dung n p d dng r t nhi u ph n m m v v phn tch m ch khc th EWB khng c d dng nh trn. V i nh ng c tnh v a phn tch trn, ta nh n th y EWB r t thch h p cho cc l p th c t p, trung c p ho c cng nhn lnh ngh . V y yu c u chnh l nh tnh; cn nh l ng l khng cao. c bi t r t thch h p i v i cc k thu t vin s a ch a i n t (s , trung l n cao c p), EWB c th xem nh m t bn th "cao c p".

PH N I : CC THANH CH C NNG Sau khi vi c kh i ng ph n m m EWB 5.12 hon t t, vo ph n m m ta th y trn mn hnh my tnh c cc thanh nh sau:

THANH TRNH N

THANH CNG C

xem cng d ng c a cc thanh trn, hy click chu t trn cc bi u t ng t ng ng m b n mu n xem.

THANH TRNH NThanh trnh n ch a cc l nh menu chnh. Trong l nh menu chnh c ch a cc l nh menu con h tr cho vi c m ph ng m ch i n.

1. File:

Trong trnh n ny ch a cc l nh nh sau:

- New: M c a s thi t k m i ch a c t tn (Untitled). N u chuy n sang m t m ch i n khc, ch ng trnh s nh c l u l i m ch i n trong mn hnh thi t k tr c khi m mn hnh thi t k khc. Khi kh i ng ch ng trnh, c a s thi t k m ch m i s t ng xu t hi n.

- Open: M m t t p tin m ch i n c l u tr c y. Bnh th ng, h p tho i Open s xu t hi n. N u c n thi t

c th chuy n i qua l i gi a cc a hay cc th m c c ch a t p tin c n m . Ch ng trnh ch m nh ng t p tin c ph n m r ng l : *.CA*, * .Cd*, v *.Ewb (trong mi tr ng Windows).

- Save: L u t p tin m ch i n hi n hnh. Thng th ng, h p tho i l u tr t p tin s xu t hi n. C th ch n th m c ho c chuy n i a trong h p tho i l tr . i v i ng i s d ng h i u hnh Windows, ph n m r ng c a t p tin m ch i n s l .EWB t ng c ng thm vo. V d : m ch i n c tn l DaoDong s c l u l i d i d ng t p tin c a ch ng trnh l : DaoDong.EWB.

- Save As: Khi mu n chuy n i tn t p tin t t p tin g c th ch n l nh Save As v t p tin c s khong thay i. Ch : t p tin trong phin b n 5.12 s khng th m c trong phin b n 5.0. Ng c l i, cc t p tin trong phin b n 5.0 sau khi l u l i v chuy n vo danh sch nh ng t p tin c a phin b n 5.12 s c c ng trnh hi u nh l t p tin m c nh c a phin b n 5.12.

- Revert to Saved: Ph c h i m ch i n theo cch l u cu i cng.

- Import... : Chuy n t p tin c a ch ng trnh SPICE c ph n m r ng l *.Net hay *.Cir trong h i u hnh Windows thnh d ng s nguyn l. Ch : ch ng trnh Electronics Workbench s ch nh n di n nh ng i m n i nhau trong m ch, n u b ng s i m n i cho php c a ch ng trnh. N u v t qu s l ng cho php th ch ng trnh s thay i tn nh ng i m n i v v cung c p nh ng thng tin m i ny trong h p tho i.

- Export...: i v i nh ng ng i s d ng h i u hnh Windows, b t k m t t p tin m ch i n no l u tr theo nh d ng t p tin c ph n m r ng l *.Net, *.Scr, *.Cmp, *.Cir, *.Plc. Chuy n s nguyn l c a ch ng trnh sang ph n m m khc c h tr thi t k m ch in.

- Print...:

In m ch i n hay m t ph n c a m ch i n v k t qu c a cc d ng c o ra gi y. Khi nh p chu t vo bi u t ng my in trn thanh cng c , h p tho i Print s xu t hi n v i cc ch n l a ki u in :

In m ch i n : Circuit. In s nguyn l : nh p chu t vo Schematic.

For printing, zoom to : phng l n hay thu nh ph n c n in ra gi y, ch ng trnh h tr cho cc kch th c t 20% n 500%. N u khng xc nh c kch th c s in th ch n Fit to page ch ng trnh s t i u ch nh sao cho s s c in ra m t trang gi y. Description : in ph n v m ch i n. Parts list : in m t ph n b ng k khai cc thng s m ch i n. Model list : ch n ki u b ng th ng k khai bo cc thng s c a m ch i n. Subcircuit : in cc thnh ph n m ch i n nhnh. Instruments: In thng s c a cc d ng c o . Multimeter : in thng s o c a my o V.O.M. Function Generator : in thng s o c a my pht sng. Oscilloscope :in thng s o c a my o d ng sng v d ng sng t i i m ang ki m tra. Bode Ploter : in thng s o c a my v gi n Bode.

Word Generator : in cc thng s c a my pht t . Logic Convertor : in cc thng s c a my chuy n i Logic nh b ng s th t (a Truth Table), bi u th c Boolean. Boolean Expresstion : ch in bi u th c Boolean trong my chuy n i Logic. XY Plot : ch in th theo hai tr c X v Y trong cc b ng th ng k thng s c a m ch i n. - Ch : Th t trang in s hi n ra khi nh p chu t vo c n in. Ch nh ng c ch hi n ra l c th in c cn cc ch m th khng ch n in ra gi y c.

- Print setup: Sau khi ch n l nh ny, h p tho i Print Setup s xu t hi n v i cc thng s in chu n t c th thay i l i cc thng s cho my in v nh d ng cho hnh nh, kh gi y, ngu n gi y v m t s ch n l a khc. N u m ch i n qu l n, n s t ng tr i r ng v in ra v i s gi y nhi u h n s gi y d tnh.

THANH CNG C

Ngay d i thanh trnh n chnh l thanh cng c . Thanh ny ch a cc cng c i u khi n vi c m ph ng t ng t nh khi click t menu nh ng nhanh h n. Do ngha

c a cc bi u t ng trong thanh ny gi ng nh trong thanh trnh n nn y gio trnh ch nu ch c nng c a t ng nt trong b ng sau .

New: m t p tin m i.

Open: m m t tin l u.

Save: L u t p tin ang hi n hnh.

Print: cho php in.

Cut: c t m t ph n t a vo Clipboard

Copy: Sao chp t p tin.

Paste: Dn t p tin t Clipboard vo mn hnh hi n hnh.

Rotate, Flip Horizontal, Flip Vertical: xoay chuy n linh ki n.

Create Subcircuit: T o m ch i n ph tr .

Display Graphs: cho php hi n th ci d u.

Component Properties: Ch nh s a thu c tnh

Zoom In, Zoom out: phng to thu nh i t ng.

T l xem m ch i n trn mn hnh.

Help: h ng d n b ng ti ng Anh.

PH N II : TH VI N LINH KI N

KhimmnhnhgiaodinchnhcaEWB5.12,ngaydithanhmenuhinhu

thanhthvinlinhkin.ychnhlniEWBchacclinhkinphcvcho

vicmphng.Thanhnycdngnhsau:

Nidungtrongtnghpcngctrongthanhnytrnhbyquabngsau

(Nhpchutvobiutngcatnghplinhkinxemchngloilinhkin):

Sources:chattcnhngbnguncsntrongchngtrnhElectronics

WorkBenchbaogm ngunPin(Battery), ngunxoaychiu(ACvoltage

source),ngunmtchiu(Vccsource),ngunphtsngFM(FMsource).

Basic:chanhngthnhphncbnctrongmchintcthitk

sntrongchngtrnhbaogmintr(Resistor),tin(Capacitor),rle

(Relay),binp(Transformer),tipim...

Diode : chanhngkiuDiodec sntrongElectronicsWorkBenchbao

gmDiac, Triac, Diac, Thyristor, diodeShockley, Led, Diodezener, cu

diode.

Transistors:chanhnglinhkinthuchtransistorbndncsntrong

chngtrnhbaogmtransistorBJT;JFETknhP,knhN;MOSFETknh

N,knhP;GaASFETknhN,knhP.

AnalogICs:chanhngbkhuchithuttonbaogmbkhuchi

thutton3,chn,5chn(5terminalopamp),9chn(9terminalopamp),

bsosnh(Comparator),mchvngkhopha(phaselockedloop).

MixerICs:chaccvimchlaibaogmnhngbchuyniAnalogsang

DigitalvtDigitalsangAnalog,mchnn(Monostable),vimch555.

DigitalICs:chanhngvimchschochngtrnhEWB5.12.Baogm

nhngvimchthuch74XX,741XX,742XX,4XXX.

LogicGate:chacccnglogicctrongchngtrnhmphngnhcng

NOT, ANDv cc ICchanhngcng logic nh IC cngNAND, cng

EXOR.

Digital:chanhngthnhphnlinquannmchsnhmchcngbn

phn(HalfAdder),ccFlipFlop(FlipFlops),bdnknh(multiplexer),

thanhghidch(shiftregister),bmho(encode).

Indicators:chanhngthnhphnhinthctrongchngtrnhbaogm

nghoinp(Voltmeter),odngin(Ammeter),bngn(Bulb),

Led7on(7segmentdisplay),bhinthdi(bargraphDisplay).

Control:chanhngkhisdngtrongtngiukhinbaogmbvi

phninp(voltagedifferentiator),khitngliinp(voltagegain

block), b nhn (multiplier), gii hn in p (voltage limiter), b chia

(divider).

PH N III: THI T B O KI M

Thi t b o l ng c c t gi trn thanh cng c linh ki n v n m trong bi u t ng cu i cng c a thanh, bi u t ng y c mang tn : Instruments.

Khi bi u t ng c kch ch n. Lc ny, c a s Instruments hi n ra: ch a 7 bi u t ng c a cc thi t b o l ng.

l y thi t b s d ng trong vi c kh o st d ng sng ho c o c cc thng s k thu t c a m ch i n, hy di chuy n con tr n m t bi u t ng, b ng tn c a thi t b s hin ra. N u ng thi t b c n ch n, ta ch vi c click v r chu t n v tr d nh t thi t b .

tm hi u tnh nng c a t ng thi t b o ki m, hy click vo t ng bi u t ng trong b ng sau:

Multimeter: ng h o v n nng (V; O; A; dB).

Function Generator: My pht sng: sin, rng c a, vung.

Oscilloscope: Dao ng k hai tia.

Bode Ploter: My v gi n Bode.

Word Generator: My pht t (t 16 bits).

Logic Analyser: My phn tch m ch logic.

Logic converter: B chuy n i logic.

BITHCHNHCBN:ELECTRONICWORKBENCH5.12.

Cc ph n trong ph n ny l cc bi th c hnh c b n cc b n lm quen v i cc s d ng ch ng trnh, cc bi t p n gi n v i 6 bi nh sau

Bi 1: M ch ch nh l u Bi 2: M ch khu ch i Bi 3: M ch dao ng 555 Bi 4: Thanh ghi d ch Bi 5: M ch m Bi 6: n giao thng

BI1:MCHCHNHLU

Khostmchchnhlubn

knhhnhv

sau:

1.Mcchyucu:

Gipchoccbncngckinthcvmchchnhlu.Nmvngnguynlhot

ngvcchthitkmchchnhlutheosnguynl.Bitcchlachncc

linhkintthanhcngcvocccthngskthutcamchnhvocc

thitbo.

LmquendnviccntcngctrongphnmmEWB5.12.

Hiusuhnvmchchnhluthngquabitp.

2.Ccbctinhnh:

thitkmchintrn,ccbncnphikhingchngtrnhElectronics

WorkBenchbngcchchnlnhStart>Programs>ElectronicsWorkBench>

ElectronicsWorkBench.

SaukhikhingchngtrnhEWB,mnhnhEWBxuthinvchngta

stinhnhmphngmchinnytheoccbcnhsau:

Bc1:Lylinhkin.

Ccbnhydngchutnhpvo

biutnglinhkindiodemhp

linhkinny.

Tronghplinhkinny,nhnchutvontDiode,konvomnhnhthitk

vttivtrthchhp.Saunhnvont bntrngcphicahplinh

kinnghplinhkin nyli.

Tiptheobnhynhpchutvohplinhkin Basic,mcasBasic.

TrongcasBasicvam,bnhychnntcbiutngintrv l y n ra mn

hnh tngtnhlydiode(xemccbcnyphnthchnh).

Dochngtrnhmcnhiviintrlnmngangvvy,cnphixoaycho

intrnmdcbngcchnhpchutchnintrcnxoaysaochointr

binthnhmu,vsaunhpchutvontRotate(PhmttCtrl+R)trn

thanhcngc(lnhnysxoaylinhkinmtgc900theochiungcchiukim

ngh).

SaukhinhpvontRotate,intrsxoaymtgc900sovilcu.

TronghplinhkinBasic,chntinkhngcctnh(Capacitor),nhnvko

nvomnhnhthitk,tvovtrthchhpvthchut.

Cngnhiviintr,tincngnmngangtheochmcnhca

chngtrnhvccbnhydnglnhRotatexoaytinnytheochiudc

tngtnhcchxoayintrtrnhbytrn.

VcngchnhtrongcasBasic,ccbndngchutnhpvgivobiu

tngbinth.Nhngtrongmchchnhlubnkthccbnphilybinth

khngcimgia.Risau,kobiutngvotrongmnhnhthitkvt

tivtrthchhpvthchutra.Sau,ngcasnylibngcchnhpvo

ntClosechnh gctrnbnphicacas

Basic.

lynguncungcpchomchthccbnhydngchutnhpvobiu

tngngunSources.Lcny,casSourceshinra.

Khicasngunhinra,ccbnchcnnhpvgichutvobiutng

ngunACVoltageSource.Sau,kobiutngngunvtvovtrm

ccbncnthitk,rithchut.TronghplinhkinSourcescnm,bnhy

chnGroundvkonvocasthitk,tvovtrthchhpvthchut.

Bc2:Spxpcclinhkintheonhsnguynl.

Mundichuynlinhkinthccbnlmnhsau:dngchutnhpvgilinh

kincndichuyn.Sau,rchuttimtvtrmmongmun,rithchutra.

Bncthchnhsavtrchocclinhkintheodngsau:

Bc3:Chntrsvnhncholinhkin.

Trongbitpny,gitrcacclinhkinl:R=1K,C=50mF,V=24V/50Hz/0

Deg,DiodeloiD1N4001.

Nhpchutphivolinhkinthng(R,L,C...),mttrnhntrixungs

xuthin,nhpchutvolnhComponentProperties.

CasPropertiescalinhkintngngsxuthin,trongbngLabelhy

nhptnRvoLabel,gitrvobngValue.

NhpchutvontOKkhi

nhpxong.

NhpchutphivoDiode,mttrnhnssxung.Trongtrnhnny,bn

hynhnchutchnlnhComponentPropeties.

CasDiodePropertiesxuthin.Trongcasny,huhtcclinhkinu

ctchmcnh(default)lltng(ideal).Do,chnloiDiode

D1N4001thccbnhychnlnhModelsvchntnnhsnxutlinhkinl

internattrongctLibrary.Sau,hychnloiD1N4001trongctModel.

Cuicng,chnnhpchutvontOK.

NhpchutphivongunACVoltageSource,trongtrnhnsxunghy

chnlnhComponentProperties.

SaukhichnlnhComponentProperties,casACVoltageSource

Propertiesxuthin.Trongcasny,bnhychnlnhValuevtinhnhthay

igitrcangunbngcchnhpgitr24(nvV)trongVoltage(V);nhp

gitr50voFrequency(nvHz).SauhynhnOKchpnhncc

thngsvanhpvo.

Bc4:Nimchtheosnguynlcthnimchcddngvnhanhchngthccbnhytinhnhnhsau.

tmitncontrngaytimtchncacunscpbinpsaochoxuthin

mtchmen,lcnynhpvgichutrikonudngcangunin.

Khithytiycngxuthinmtchmenthccbnhythchutra.Ktqu

ltacmtngnimch.

tcontrngaytichncnlicacucscpbinpsaochoxuthinchm

en,rikochutnumcangunin.Khithyxuthinchmenthhy

thchutra.

tmitncontrngaytichnAnodecaDiode,saochoxuthinduchm

en.Saubnhykochutnmtuthcpcabinp,khithyxuthin

chmenthhythchutra.

tmitncontrchutngaytichnCatodecaDiodesaochoxuthinchm

en,rikochutnchndngcatin.nkhithyxuthinchmenti

chndngthbnhythchutra.