IDENTIDAD Y COMUNIDAD EN EL MOVIMIENTO ARGENTINO DEL SIDA Y LA DIVERSIDAD SEXUAL

7/31/2019 IDENTIDAD Y COMUNIDAD EN EL MOVIMIENTO ARGENTINO DEL SIDA Y LA DIVERSIDAD SEXUAL

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Hgt`~~occ wl` klugtxka`dkl gxloa~ekd` gl gc bwlho todk`c hg c`to~a`lk}`dkolgt `~aglxkl`t hghkd`h`t ` c` z~gugldkl hgc TKH@ glx~g u`~olgt a`{t# zg~tol`t x~ùgtxkt { ox~ot fobn~gt pwg xkglgl tgvo dol fobn~gt,> Gtx` cxkb`

hglobkl`dkl gt wl` tocwdkl hg dobz~obkto `hozx`h` gl gc bwlho hg c` z~gugldklhgc Tkh` cwgao hg wl` hktzwx` twtdkx`h` gl cot òt ;:# pwg `l zg~tktxg glx~g cò~a`lk}`dkolgt dobwlkx`~k`t ACXXN# dolx~` kleo~bgt gzkhgbkocakdot pwg z~gdkt`nc` d`xgao~` gtx`htxkd` fobn~gt pwg xkglgl tgvo dol fobn~gt# FTF# o BTB glklact, C` d`xgao~` FTF ~gtwcx`n` xkc z`~` dcdwcot gzkhgbkocakdot# `c kldcwk~

> ^g`ckd ontg~u`dkl z`~xkdkz`lxg mwlxo ` u`~k`t OLAt { hg wl` ~gh hg o~a`lk}`dkolgt pwg x~`n`m`l gl z~gugldkl hgthg c` zg~tzgdxku` hg c` hkug~tkh`h tgvw`c gl cot z~kldkz cgt dglx~ot w~n`lot `~aglxklot,Obkxo `pw khglxkekd`~ c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt { c`t dkwh`hgt z`~` z~oxgag~ c` dolekhgldk`ckh`h hg c`t ewglxo~`cgt,


7/27

fobn~gt pwg xgl`l z~`dxkd`t fobotgvw`cgt tkl doltkhg~`~tg a`{t# zg~o lo hgtd~kn``hgdw`h`bglxg ` c` dobwlkh`h hg fobn~gt a`{t lk hg x~ùgtxkt &E~`td` >::>+, Gl gccglaw`mg hgc `dxkuktbo fobotgvw`c# cot kluktknkck}`n`, Gc wto hg c` d`xgao~` guglxw`cbglxg tg aglg~`ck} gl c` doxkhk`lgkh`h hg c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt# `t dobo ox~ofobn~gt pwg xkglgl tgvo dol fobn~gt gbzg} ` `z`~gdg~ gl cot hodwbglxot hg x~`n`mohg twt ~ghgt# z`~` `cwhk~ `c wlkug~to ~gtx~klakho hg `pwgccot u`~olgt pwg xk~gc`dkolgt tgvw`cgt dol ox~ot u`~olgt tkl khglxkekd`~tg dobo a`{t w fobotgvw`cgt,Dobo ug~gbot bt `hgc`lxg# c` z~godwz`dkl zo~ gc wto do~~gdxo hg d`xgao~`t khglxkh`h &o hg d`xgao~`t pwg h`l dwglx` hg tw d`~gldk`+ lo gt odkot`9 c`t z~dxkd`lobkl`dkl tol fgdfot twb`bglxg gvz~gtkuot ` x~ùt hg cot dw`cgt cot `dxkuktx`t hg c`tbklo~`t tgvw`cgt { Tkh` doldkngl tg doltxkxw{gl dobo docgdxkuo,

Fobotgvw`ckh`h b`tdwckl` { TKH@= t`cwh tgvw`c { hg~gdfot tgvw`cgt,C` dwcxw~` znckd` kcwtx~`h` hg cot gtz`dkot l`dkol`cgt g klxg~l`dkol`cgt holh

tol hgn`xkh`t c`t ~gz~gtglx`dkolgt g~whkx`t hg c` fobotgvw`ckh`h gt wl` hg c`t z~kldkz`cgt `~gl`t holhg cot u`co~gt `todk`hot ` c` cc`b`h` o~kglx`dkl tgvw`c { ` c`tkhglxkh`hgt hg alg~o hktkhglxgt tol lgaodk`hot# ` x~ùt hg c` doleo~b`dkl hg wld`bzo hktdw~tkuo d~gdkglxgbglxg `wxolobk}`ho# pwg dobzkxg dol ~hglgt bo~`cgt zocxkdot bt `n`~d`ho~gt# dobo cot hg c`t ~gckakolgt { gc hgc dolx~oc todk`c gtx`x

Hgthg twt klkdkot# gc Boukbkglxo Fobotgvw`c ewg wlo acon`c { ~gc`xku`bglxg wlkekd`C` fktxo~k` hg z~obodkl dwcxw~`c { hg hgeglt` hg hg~gdfot hg gtx` bklo~` f` gtx`hgtx~gdf`bglxg gbz`~glx`h` dol boukbkglxot holhg c` z~ohwddkl dkglxekd` f` klecwkhoton~g { tg f` zwgtxo `c tg~ukdko hg wl` uktkl dolx~`zwgtx` `c khg`c hg dkwh`h`lo hg cGtx`hot l`dkol`cgt bohg~lot &Qggit 0;;4+,

C` eo~b`dkl { ~gz~ohwddkl hg c`t tkalkekd`dkolgt `todk`h`t `c gvxglto# zg~dc`~`bglxg hgckbkx`ho todk`cbglxg d`bzo tgblxkdo hg c`t fobotgvw`ckh`hgt~gtzolhg ` lodkolgt u`co~`xku`t ~gc`xku`t `c hgtuo { ` c` lo~b` todk`c &Tuo~k 0;;8+Gtot tkalkekd`hot { u`co~gt tg o~a`lk}`l ` x~ùt hgc ag~gldk`bkglxo ~gecgvkuo hgtgd~gxo { hg c` uktknkckh`h gl wl` u`~kgh`h hg lkugcgt todk`cgt &Zgdfgl{ >::>+, Gl bghkh` gl pwg c` z~oncgbxkd` ewg z~oa~gtku`bglxg tgz`~lhotg hg co nkocakdo# klxgltkekd tw zg~xklgldk` dobo z~oncgb` bo~`c# dobo xgbxkd` hg z~ohwddkolg`~xtxkd`t# hg dolodkbkglxot ztkdocakdot# hg hgn`xgt zocxkdot { hg ~gawc`dkl mw&Hw`~xg 0;;;+, Zg~o `dxw`cbglxg gl Oddkhglxg# ` z`~xk~ hgc hgt`~~occo hg wl boukbktodk`c khglxkx`~ko { hg c` zoxglxtkb` `x~knwdkl hg wl` ~gc`dkl gtzgdk`c glx~g gc


8/27


9/27

x~ùt hgc bktbo# o hk~gdx`bglxg hgthg glxgt hg doozg~`dkl, X`c hklbkd` tg gldwglx~kbzcdkx`bglxg kluocwd~`h` gl c` ~gx~kd` hg c` bohg~lk}`dkl { hgc hgt`~~oc z~oboukh` zo~ o~a`lktbot hg doozg~`dkl dobo gc N`ldo Bwlhk`c &C`~ukg 0;;6+,

Gt zotkncg d`~`dxg~k}`~ hot ug~xkglxgt o e`dgx`t hg kltxkxwdkol`ck}`dkl klxg~`dx`l gl gc d`bzo hg c` z~gugldkl hgc Tkh` `xglxo ` c` hkug~tkh`h tgvw`c, Zo~ wc`ho# cot t`ng~gt nkobhkdot# ztkdocakdot# todkodwcxw~`cgt { mw~hkdot o~hgl`l {klxgckakncgt cot `tzgdxot pwg# hg~ku`hot hg wl` lodkl klhkukhw`cktx`# klxkbk}`h` zg~tol`# hgxg~bkl`l tw o~kglx`dkl tgvw`c g khglxkh`h hg alg~o, C` zg~dgzdkl c` uwclg~`nkckh`h gtx~wdxw~`c hg c`t zg~tol`t ACXXN { ox~ot fobn~gt pwg xktgvo dol fobn~gt `lxg gc TKH@ ukglg hg c` b`lo hg wl klxg~t gl c` z~obodkl &{~gawc`dkl+ hg c` cga`ckh`h { c` t`lkh`h hg `~~gacot todk`cgt gtzgdekdot# pwg `

`~awbglxot aglxkdot { xgdlocakdot `dg~d` hg c` doltx~wddkl hg c` zg~tol` dol gc ekkltx~wbglx`c hg wl dwkh`ho klxga~`c, Tk nkgl gt kllga`ncg c` tklawc`~kh`h hg d`h` ~gdohktdkzckl`~ko gl c` n`tg hg gt`t zg~tzgdxku`t nkocakd`# ztkdocakd`t# todkodwcxw~` mw~hkd`t# c` onmgxku`dkl dkglxekd` lo gt wl ekl gl t bktbo# tklo pwg gt zwgttg~ukdko hg c` t`cwh { hg c` dobwlkh`h, Gtg o~hgl bo~`c gt eo~bwc`ho gl x~bklopwg gt fgw~txkd`bglxg hgtg`ncg hgtà~ga`~# zg~o holhg# hgthg gc zwlxo hg uktx` hg `dxo~gt àcwxkl`hot gl gc boukbkglxo todk`c# co bhkdo# co ztkdotodk`c { co mw~`z`~gdgl klhktodk`ncgbglxg `~xkdwc`hot, Cot t`ng~gt dkglxekdot kleo~b`l c`doltx~wddkl hg c` zg~tol` dobo wl glxg xox`c, Hg fgdfo# c` doldgzdkl focktx` hg c` z~gugldkl { gc dwkh`ho klxga~`c dobwlkx`~ko tg z~gtglx`l dobo `cxg~l`xku` twzg~`hohg c`t z~dxkd`t hgtfwb`lk}`h`t hg c`t gtzgdk`ckh`hgt bhkd`t g kldcwto hgc ztkdo`lcktkt# pwg tol `dwt`hot hg x~`x`~ ` cot z`dkglxgt dobo d`tot { lo dobo zg~tol`t.,

C` tgawlh` ug~xkglxg pwg dolecw{g gl c` kltxkxwdkol`ck}`dkl hg wl d`bzo hx~`n`mo dobwlkx`~ko gl c` z~gugldkl hgc TKH@ gt gc hgn`xg { c`t `ddkolgt h

boukbkglxo fobotgvw`c o~a`lk}`ho, O~kglx` ` gtxg boukbkglxo c` `tzk~`dkl hgdolpwktx`~ wl` dkwh`h`l` zcgl` z`~` c`t bklo~`t hg c` hkug~tkh`h tgvw`c# dolx~` coontxdwcot pwg gb`l`l hgc z~gmwkdko gl c` todkgh`h, C` n`tg khgocakd` dobl glx~g chkug~tot `dxo~gt dobz~obgxkhot dol gc boukbkglxo totxkglg pwg gc d`bnko dwcxw~~gpwg~kho tg~ gc ~gtwcx`ho ekl`c hgc dobn`xg dolx~` c` foboeonk` todk`c {klxg~l`ck}`h` zo~ cot z~ozkot fobotgvw`cgt# ` x~ùt hg wl z~odgto hg uktknkck}`dkx`lxo klhkukhw`c dobo docgdxkuo# d`zx`ho gl `c bgxeo~` hg c` t`ckh` hgc `~b`~ko

gtxkab` fobotgvw`c dolhgl` ` c` tga~ga`dkl { gc tkcgldko, C` uktknkck}`dkl gt ` c` ug}


10/27

wl `~b` { gc hgtxklo hg c` cwdf`, Gc ~gc`xo hg c` foboeonk` { hg c` t`ckh` hgc `~b`~kodobo hktzotkxkuot ~gtzgdxku`bglxg aglg~`ho~ { ckng~`ho~ hgc gtxkab`# ~gtzolhg ` w z~odgto hg x~`lteo~b`dkl ` c` ug} klhkukhw`ck}`lxg gl co pwg f`dg ` c` khglxkekd`dk zg~tol`c { docgdxkuktx` gl co ~gc`xkuo ` c` z~o{gddkl zocxkd` o `todk`xku` hg gtg z~o

Gl c`t z~dxkd`t hg z~gugldkl hgc Tkh`# bkglx~`t pwg gl wl lkugc c`tklxg~ugldkolgt gtxl hktg`h`t z`~` ~gtzolhg~ ` lgdgtkh`hgt klhkukhw`cgt { gc d`bnkodolhwdxw`c gt doldgnkho# gl cxkb` kltx`ldk`# dobo wl` hgdktkl klhkukhw`c# z`~`hkab` pwg `dxw`cbglxg z~gu`cgdg gl gc x~`n`mo hg c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt ~gtzolhg bohgco hgc gbzolhg~`bkglxo &gbzoqg~bglx + klhkukhw`c { dobwlkx`~ko, C`x~`lteo~b`dkl ` tg~ ozg~`h` ` x~ùt hg c` zwgtx` ` hktzotkdkl hg ~gdw~tot &b`xg~k`ctkbnckdot# todk`cgt { dwcxw~`cgt# tgal gc gtxkco hg c` klxg~ugldkl+ zg~bkxk~

zg~tol` o a~wzo gl tkxw`dkl hg uwclg~`nkckh`h kld~gbglx`~ tw `wxolob` zg~tol`c `wxogtxkb`# hgt`~~occ`~ c`}ot dobwlkx`~kot# `hpwk~k~ ~gtzolt`nkckh`hgt { z~`dxkd`gekdkglxgbglxg gc dwkh`ho hg t, Kleo~b`h`t zo~ wl t`ng~ ztkdocakdo# c`t z~dxkd`doltgmg~` gl z~gugldkl hgc UKF"TKH@ hgt`~~occ`h`t zo~ o~a`lk}`dkolgt dobwlkx`~ z~oegtkol`cgt { tg~ukdkot znckdot tol doldgnkh`t dobo wl` eo~b` hgdoldkglxk}`dkl# x`lxo gl x~bklot hg z~gugldkl hgc TKH@ dobo hg o~kglx`dktgvw`c g khglxkh`h hg alg~o, Gc `wvkcko { `zo{o ` x~ùt hg `doltgm`bkglxo klhkukhw zg~tol`ck}`ho ` x~ùt hg glx~guktx`t gl zg~tol`# xgcgelkd`t o ` x~ùt hg bghkotgcgdx~lkdot &df`x +# a~wzot hg `wxo`{wh`# d`bz``t znckd`t# zwnckd`dkolgt# zakl`tqgn # gxd, gbz~glhgl c` z~obodkl hg c` hkug~tkh`h ` x~ùt hg c` o~a`lk}`dkl zocxkgl xo~lo hg wl` tg~kg hktd~gx` hg hgdc`~`dkolgt hg khglxkh`h ,

C` klx~ohwddkl hg wl doldgzxo hg~kgtao tgvw`c z~ozko hg c` g~` hgc TKH@ f` z~ohwdkho wl` ~gdc`tkekd`dkl hg c`t zg~xw~n`dkolgt bo~`cgt, Gc tgvo lo z~oxgakhogvzckd`ho# gl gc bwlho hg c` z~gugldkl hgc TKH@# dobo c` gvz~gtkl hg wl hgt`~~gaklhkukhw`c o gtx~wdxw~`c# ztkdocakdo o todkodwcxw~`c, Gt gc d`to# zo~ gmgb

hgt`zgao hg `pwgccot ox~ot fobn~gt pwg xkglgl tgvo dol fobn~gt ` wt`~ dolholgt#pwg cot f`dg# x`lxo ` gccot dobo ` twt dobz`g~ot { dobz`g~`t# bt uwclg~`ncgt ` c`klegddkl, Cot `dxkuktx`t { z~oegtkol`cgt pwg x~`n`m`l gl gc hgt`~~occo hg wl` zocxkdèk~b`dkl ztkdocakd`# todk`c { dwcxw~`c hg c` hkug~tkh`h tgvw`c f`l hgt`~~occ`htglxkho dobl pwg doltx~w{g gt` ~gtktxgldk` dobo gc gegdxo hg c` e`cx` hg wl` khglxkhtgvw`c zotkxku`# e~wxo hgc b`dfktbo { hg c` foboeonk` klxg~l`ck}`h` hg gtot fobn~gtGl ~gtzwgtx` ` gtg ~gc`xo hg `lobk`# cot àglxgt hg z~gugldkl hk~kagl twt bglt`mgt `

klhkukhwot { zonc`dkolgt gl ~kgtao dobo dkwh`h`lot { dobwlkh`hgt zoxgldk`cgt#


11/27

dobo zg~tol`t lo zcgl`t# tklo gl u`t hg doltxkxwk~tg dobo x`cgt, @ tw ug}# gc twmgxo pwkgl tg hk~kag c` klxg~ugldkl z~guglxku` gt x~`x`ho dobo zoxgldk`c z~oxàolktx` z~odgto klegddkoto &tg` z`~` c` e`dkckx`dkl o z`~` gc dolx~oc hgc bktbo+, Glx~gklkdk`xku`t hg z~gugldkl# gc ~gc`xo hgc z`t`mg hgthg wl e`cckho z`~`hkab` dolhwdx`c z~obkto~ko bohgco hgc gbzolhg~`bkglxo gvzckd` gtxg cxkbo dobo wl z~odgto hg~`dkol`ck}`dkl lxkb` &`wbglxo hg c` `wxogtxkb`# `wxokhglxkekd`dkl zotkxku` { b~gecgvkukh`h+ { `hpwktkdkl hg `wxolob` { ~gtzolt`nkckh`h# x`lxo gl gc lkugc klhkukdobo gl gc dobwlkx`~ko, Gc hgt`~~occo hg khglxkh`hgt ewldkol`# gl gt` l`~~`xku`# dobwl` dolhkdkl z`~` c` `hpwktkdkl hg c` dkwh`h`l` zcgl`,

C`t klkdk`xku`t hg z~gugldkl f`l guocwdkol`ho acon`cbglxg f`dk` wl bohgcodobwlkx`~ko# khglxkx`~ko { èk~b`xkuo hg c` tgvw`ckh`h# pwg z~obwgug c` `wxolob

~gtzolt`nkckh`h# gc ~gtzgxo hg c` hkeg~gldk` { c` xocg~`ldk` hgc hgtuo, X`lxo gc doldgl t# dobo cot `tzgdxot b`xg~k`cgt hg gtx` tlxgtkt f`l tkho coa~`hot a~`dk`t ` wlòzo~xwl` `~xkdwc`dkl hg klkdk`xku`t hg aonkg~lo { hg c` todkgh`h dkukc, Wl` ug~xaglg`cakd` hg c` bktb` gldwglx~` twt o~aglgt x`lxo gl c` bgbo~k` hg wl` x~`hkdklcod`c hg boukck}`dkl dobo gl dolx`dxot x~`ltl`dkol`cgt dol ox~ot boukbkglxot hg n`tg, Ox~` ug~xkglxg f`cc` tw n`tg gl c` hkewtkl hg wl bohgco hg hgt`~~occo dobwlkx`hkewlhkho zo~ c` doozg~`dkl klxg~l`dkol`c { zo~ o~a`lktbot OLWTKH@# gc N`ldBwlhk`c {# bt ~gdkglxgbglxg# gc Eolho Acon`c, X`lxo gl @~aglxkl` dobo gl N~`tkc fgontg~u`ho dbo# glx~g cot `dxkuktx`t# z~oegtkol`cgt { uocwlx`~kot hg OLAt# kltxkxwdkol`ck}`dkl hg twt o~a`lk}`dkolgt { c` gtxkck}`dkl hg tw `dxw`dkl gl x`n~oig~t &bghk`ho~gt+ tg xo~l` dcùg# `c dolx~oc`~ gc ecwmo hg dolodkbkglxo#dobwlkd`dkl# c` x~`lteg~gldk` hg ~gdw~tot { zohg~# z`~` zolg~ gl z~dxkd` gc bohgbgldkol`ho, Gtxot gtzgdk`cktx`t ~gawc`l dol ~gc`xku` `wxolob`# zo~ gmgbzco# g`ddgto hg c`t d`bz``t ` twtx`~agxt hg zonc`dkl { gc `ddgto hg cot wtw`~kot ` kltwbot{ dwkh`hot d~xkdot z`~` c` z~gugldkl gl aglg~`c e`dkckxlhocot g kldk

tkalkekd`xku`bglxg gl gtg z~odgto,

C`t `ddkolgt { dolxgvxot hg c` z~gugldkl= c` klxg~ugldkl { gc bwlho todk`c hgcTKH@,

C` d`xgao~klxg~ugldkl# x`c dobo gt `z~ozk`h` { hgeklkh` gl gc wlkug~to hg c`tklkdk`xku`t gl z~gugldkl hg c` x~`ltbktkl hgc UKF# gt wl` `ddkl d`z`} hg z~ohwdk`cxg~`dkolgt gl cot dobzo~x`bkglxot o dolhkdkolgt pwg eùo~gdgl c` hktgbkl`dkl hgcuk~wt, C` hktx`ldk` glx~g dobzo~x`bkglxot { dolhkdkolgt# dobo wlkh`hgt hg `lcktkt

dw{` cgdxw~` aw` c`t x`~g`t z~guglxku`t# gl t {` hgc`x` hkeg~glxgt doldgzdkolgt `dg


12/27

hg c` gzkhgbkocoa` hgc TKH@ { hg c` gekd`dk` hg hkug~t`t gtx~`xgak`t hg dolx~oc~gxob`ho c` klxg~ugldkl dobo wlkh`h hg `lcktkt z`~` ~`tx~g`~# gl tw u`~k`dkl# c z`~xkdwc`~gt doltxgc`dkolgt hg `dxo~gt# dolxgvxot { ~gc`dkolgt pwg ` c` ug} x~`}`le~olxg~`t hgc bwlho hgc TKH@ { gbg~agl dobo d`xgao~`t todk`cbglxg ~gcgu`lxgt gl c z~gugldkl hgc TKH@ dobo fgdfo todk`c,

@c f`nc`~ hg àglxgt# lot ~geg~kbot ` klhkukhwot# ~ghgt# a~wzot g kltxkxwdkoGmgbzcot hg klhkukhwot pwg tg doltxkxw{gl dobo `dxo~gt tkalkekd`xkuot gl cot gtz`dontg~u`hot tol# zo~ gmgbzco# c`t zg~tol`t pwg gtx`ncgdgl bt o bglot eo~b`cbglxg twckhg~`}ao gl OLAt# ewlh`dkolgt# a~wzot `dxkuktx`t o ~ghgt z~oegtkol`cgt hghkd`h`t UKF# ox~ot bkgbn~ot hg cot bktbot tgabglxot# pwg z`~xkdkz`l dobo uocwlx`~kot o zg~tol`c xdlkdo ~glx`ho# hglobkl`hot ozg~`ho~gt o àglxgt hg z~gugldkl gl gc

cglaw`mg `hbklktx~`xkuo hg cot z~o{gdxot, Klxga~`l gtxg d`bzo x`bnkl z~oegtkol`cg&z~kldkz`cbglxg ztkdcoaot# bhkdot# todkcoaot# x~`n`m`ho~gt todk`cgt# `lx~ozc`noa`hot+ pwg x~`n`m`l klhgzglhkglxgbglxg# gl OLAt# gl gc bnkxo gtx`x`c &fotzkx`cgwlkug~tkh`hgt# Bklktxg~ko# Hk~gddkl o Tgd~gx`~` hg t`cwh znckd`+ o gl gc z&dclkd`t# t`l`xo~kot# dglx~ot hg klugtxka`dkl# doltwcxo~`t+,

Gl gc d`to hg c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt# kla~gt`~ dobo bkgbn~o ` wl` hg gcc`tkluocwd~` wl z~odgto hg x~`lteo~b`dkl zg~tol`c, C` boxku`dkl e~gdwglxgbglxg ggvzckd`h` zo~ wl tnkxo o a~`hw`c h`~tg dwglx`# o zo~ tg~ xod`ho zg~tol`cbglxg zo~gvzg~kgldk` hg c` gleg~bgh`h# { zo~ gc hgtgo o c` lgdgtkh`h hg `{wh`~tg { hg `{wh`~ ox~ot ` gle~glx`~ c` d~ktkt, Z`t`~ ` tg~ bkgbn~o hg wl` o~a`lk}`dkl ~gpwkg~g wdobzcgmo gpwkckn~ko glx~g c`t ~`}olgt zg~tol`cgt pwg `x~`mg~ol ` c` zg~tol` ` kltxkxwdkl { c` ~gtzolt`nkckh`h hg twt x`~g`t, Wl chg~ o~a`lk}`dkl a`{ hghkd`h` TKH@ dol wl zg~ekc hg ~gc`xku` z~oegtkol`ck}`dkl tg pwgm`n` hg c` `dxkxwh hg uocwlx`~kot dol pwkglgt g~` dobzckd`ho lgaodk`~ fo~`~kot hg `xgldkl { z~oxodocot h z~odghkbkglxo# gmgbzckekd`lho dol c` ~gtzwgtx` gmgbzc`~ hg wl uocwlx`~ko= Y"

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cot chg~gt { ox~ot bkgbn~ot gtx`ncgdkhot `c dobz`~xk~ wl zg~ekc hgxg~bkl`ho


13/27

x~bklot hg z~oegtkol`ck}`dkl# gtx`xwt hg dc`tg# a~wzo hg gh`h# khglxkekd`dkl dohgxg~bkl`ho tgabglxo hgc bwlho fobotgvw`c# `c dobz`~xk~ wl` khgocoa` zocxkd` odwcxw~` ~gakol`c o hg dc`tg { lo mohgl# dobo co gvz~gt wl chg~# dobz`~lhoco`pwgccot pwg tg bgxgl tkl ~gtzgx`~ c`t mg~`~pw`t gtx`ncgdkh`t gl c` o~a`lk}`dkxkglgl bt df`ldgt hg vkxo { zotknkckh`hgt hg x~`lteo~b`~tg gl bkgbn~ot, Gtx`thktxkldkolgt tg z~ohwdgl bt dobo ~gtwcx`ho hg c` d~g`dkl hg wl` dkg~x` tkbz`x` { gtglxk~tg ` awtxo gl gc dolx`dxo doxkhk`lo &o nkgl x`bnkl zo~ d~g`~tg wl` ~gc`dkl dobzgxgldk` gtx~`xakd` dol `cawlot bkgbn~ot gtx`ncgdkhot+# pwg ` x~ùt hg `ca z~odgto hg `hbktkl eo~b`c, Gc a~`ho hg tkbz`x` hgt`~~occ`ho gt bghkho ` bglwho glx~bklot hg c` hktzotkdkl z`~` gc x~`n`mo pwg gc lwguo uocwlx`~ko hgt`~~occ` d`z`} hg gvz~gt`~, Lo ontx`lxg# c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt xkglgl z~odghkbkglxot eo~b`cgt hg

`hbktkl# gtzgdk`cbglxg c`t b`{o~gt { bt nw~od~`xk}`h`t, @dxw`cbglxg gtxo tg `zckd`bt ` c`t OLAt { tg~ukdkot znckdot n~`tkcgot pwg ` c`t `~aglxkl`t# dw{o hgt`~~occo gbt kldkzkglxg# x`lxo gl gc ekl`ldk`bkglxo hg z~o{gdxot dobo# kldcwtkug zo~ gmgbzco#x~bklot hg cgaktc`dkl hgc x~`n`mo uocwlx`~ko, Tkl gbn`~ao# gtg b`~do gt n`tx`lxecgvkncg { tkgbz~g tg `h`zx` ` hklbkd`t todk`cgt bglot eo~b`ck}`h`t,

X~`n`m`~ gl TKH@# gtzgdk`cbglxg dw`lho tg gt uocwlx`~ko { lo wl z~oegtkogtzgdk`cktx`# kbzckd` xglg~ pwg ckhk`~ zg~tol`cbglxg dol gc gtxkab` hg c` gleg~bgh`h, totzgdf` `cd`l}` klhktd~kbkl`h`bglxg ` pwkglgt tg ugl kluocwd~`hot dol gcc`#klhgzglhkglxgbglxg hg pwg zo~xgl gc uk~wt gl c` t`la~g o lo# gtzgdk`cbglxg tk tg t`ngpwg c` zg~tol` gt fobotgvw`c# `c twzolg~c` bt gvzwgtx` ` c` klegddkl, Gl c` ukh`doxkhk`l` bt `cc hg c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt# gc gtxkab` hgc TKH@ gt wl` d`~a` pwg f`dg pwc`t zg~tol`t gukxgl dw`cpwkg~ `todk`dkl kldcwto dol tw z~gugldkl, Bwdfot cod`cgt hglx~gxglkbkglxo a`{# zo~ gmgbzco# tg ~gtktxkg~ol hw~`lxg òt ` hktzolg~ z`lecgxo z~gtg~u`xkuot ` c` uktx`# tgltkncgt `c tkbnocktbo lga`xkuo `todk`ho `c TKH@,

Klug~t`bglxg# c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt tg oe~gdgl dobo gtz`dkot hg dolxgldkl, C`t

zg~tol`t todk`ck}`h`t gl gc bwlho hg c` z~gugldkl hgt`~~occ`l wl` `dxkxwh èk~b`xku` `~gtzgdxo# zo~ gmgbzco ~gugc`lho tw gtx`xwt tg~ocakdo gl gc d`to hg tg~ FKU) dw`lh mw}a`l ozo~xwlo gl wl` tkxw`dkl hg klxg~ugldkl# o d~g`lho wl gtz`dko hg dolek`l} z`~` pwg l`hkg tg tkglx` hktd~kbkl`ho zo~ tw dolhkdkl, Gtx` hklbkd` tg ug `zwlx`c`h` zo~ ~gc`xot hg x~`{gdxo~k`t klhkukhw`cgt { docgdxku`t pwg doltx~w{gl ` c` o~a`lk}dobo ~gewako `lxg `dxkxwhgt hktd~kbkl`xo~k`t gl gtz`dkot x~`hkdkol`cgt hg todk`nkc&e`bkck`# gtdwgc`# x~`n`mo# n`~~ko# z`~xkho zocxkdo# dcwn# tklhkd`xo+, C` o

zwghg k~ odwz`lho gc cwa`~ ewldkol`c hg d`h` wlo hg gtot glxgt { xo~l`~tg wl gtz`dko h


14/27

gvz`ltkl zg~tol`c hglx~o hg wl z~o{gdxo docgdxkuo, Hot gmgbzcot bwgtx~`l x~`{gdxo~ z~oegtkol`cgt pwg tg ukg~ol zoxgldk`h`t ` x~ùt hg wl` x~`lteo~b`dkl gl gc zc`lo zg~tol`c ` z`~xk~ hgc kla~gto ` wl` o~a`lk}`dkl, Wl bhkdo# chg~ hg wl` o~a`lk}`dkbg dobglx# f`nc`lho hg tw d`~~g~` g fktxo~k` hg ukh`= [o u`~k`t ugdgt gtxwug ` zwlxhg `n`lhol`~ c` z~oegtkl# f`tx` pwg hgtdwn~ pwg `d c` zoh` Ygmg~dg~c` hgc bohoR{o pwg~`, Ox~o# ztkdcoao# gvzckd wl` uglx`m` klhwh`ncg hg x~`n`m`~ glo~a`lk}`dkl a`{= @d bg ~gdknkg~ol dw`lho hg wl x~`n`mo bg f`n`l gdf`ho zo~ zwxo,

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tkalkekd`xku` z`~` gc z~odgto zocxkdo# gvz~gtku` hg c`t dc`tkekd`dkolgt { ozotkdkolgtdobzolgl c`t khgocoa`t gl mwgao, Zo~ gmgbzco# hgthg c` zg~tzgdxku` hg z~ohwddkldolodkbkglxo hg cot gvzg~xot gzkhgbkcoaot ~gtwcx` dglx~`c c` d`xgao~` zonc`dkl~gdo~xg onmgxkuktx` glacon` ` xohot cot tgabglxot hg fobn~gt pwg xkglgl tgvo dofobn~gt# klhgzglhkglxgbglxg hg tw `htd~kzdkl dobwlkx`~k` o khglxkx`~k`, Ctgabglxot `dxkuktx`t# ` tw ug}# ugl gc wto hg `pwgcc` d`xgao~` onckxg~`~ twt cwdf`t#don~`l tglxkho z~gdkt`bglxg` z`~xk~ hg hgdc`~`dkolgt hg khglxkh`h tgvw`c { hgc z~o{gdxo hg doltx~wddkl hg wl` dobwlkh`h, C` khg` hg pwg c` èk~b`dkl hg wlkhglxkh`h &tgvw`c+ { hg c` zg~xglgldk` ` wl a~wzo hg z`~gt f`nkckx`l `c twmgxo gmg~dkx`~ bt `wxlob`bglxg gc tgvo z~oxgakho f`nc` hg wl dolodkbkglxo doltx~wkhdol n`tg gl c`t `tzk~`dkolgt hgc boukbkglxo khglxkx`~ko, Hgthg gtg zwlxo hg uktx`# gc wgzkhgbkocakdo hg c` d`xgao~` FTF gt kldcwtkug dkglxekd`bglxg klgekdkglxg# zwgpwkgl ontg~u` c` `hozdkl hg ~kgtaot dobo gvz~gtkl hg wl` ztkdocoa` zg~tol`c { hgwl` dwcxw~`# c` u`~k`ncg khglxkh`h ~gtwcx` ewlh`bglx`c z`~` bghk~ c` kldkhglddobzo~x`bkglxot hg ~kgtao, Cot z~oegtkol`cgt hg Lgvo @todk`dkl Dkukc# wl` OLA a`{

hg Nwglot @k~gt f`l hgt`~~occ`ho gldwgtx`t ton~g TKH@ { ox~`t GXT pwg kldcw{gl u`~k`ncg# gtzgdkekd`lho `cxg~l`xku`t dobo fobotgvw`c# nktgvw`c# x~ùgtfgxg~otgvw`c g kltgaw~o gl twt dwgtxkol`~kot,

Wl` hkuktkl b`{o~ gl c` `dxkukh`h hg c`t OLAt# ewlh`dkolgt { ox~ot a~wzoto~a`lk}`hot `c~ghgho~ hgc TKH@ gt c` pwg tg h` glx~g c` `ddkl zocxkd` w`huod`d{ # pwg`n`~d`# tgal gtxkcot z`~xkdwc`~gt# c` boukck}`dkl# c` z~oxgtx`# gcconn{# ~gdc`bot mwhkdk`cgt { cgaktc`xkuot# zo~ wl c`ho {# zo~ ox~o# cot tg~ukdkot# pwg k

`tgto~`bkglxo zg~tol`c { xgtxgo# `xgldkl klxga~`c hg c` t`cwh# `dobz``bkglxo


15/27

xg~`zwxkdo# doltwcx`t klegdxocakd`t# ztkpwkx~kd`t# ztkdocakd`t { ztkdo`l`cdoltwcx`t mw~hkd`t# hktx~knwdkl hg z~gtg~u`xkuot { ox~ot b`xg~k`cgt hg z~gux`ccg~gt hg z~gugldkl# hg ghwd`dkl { hg ~gecgvkl, C`t `dxkukh`hgt hg hkuwca`dk~gz`~xo hg b`xg~k`cgt { hg doldkglxk}`dkl hghkd`h`t `c znckdo gl aglg~`c o tgabglxot eod`ck}`hot &zo~ gmgbzco# hg fobn~gt pwg xkglgl tgvo dol fobn~gt#a`{t# x~`ugtxkt# bwmg~gt cgtnk`l`t { nktgvw`cgt# gbn`~`}`h`t# wtw`~kot hg h~kl{gdx`ncgt# gxd,+ doleo~b`l wl gtz`dko klxg~bghko# zwhkglho tg~ doltkhg~`h`t# `dwg~ho dol gc gtxkco hg c` klxg~ugldkl# x`~g`t hg `huod`d{ o tg~ukdkot, @cawo~a`lk}`dkolgt# zo~ gmgbzco# b`lxkglgl zo~ wl c`ho# wl n`ldo hg h~oa`t`lxk~~gx~ouk~`cgt z`~` dwn~k~ gbg~agldk`t gl gc tktxgb` znckdo hg `n`txgdkbkglxo# ztw ug} gtxkbwc`l `dxku`bglxg c` boukck}`dkl hg cot wtw`~kot z`~` ~gdc`b`~ zo~ tw

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hktzwx`t { `ck`l}`t tol dobwlgt x`bnkl glx~g gvzg~xot xdlkdot { dkglxekdot { chg~gdobwlkx`~kot,

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wl` dkwh`h o ~gakl o gc hg c`t OLAt"TKH@# ~gpwkg~gl hg cot klhkukhwot wl` dolh


16/27

hg dobz~obkto gvdcwtkuo dol tw/t kltxkxwdkl/gt# ~gh/gt o ckl`mg/t zocxkkltxkxwdkol`c/gt hg zg~xglgldk`# gl d`bzot ` bglwho zoc`~k}`hot zo~ hktzwx`tfgagblkd`t, Zo~ co x`lxo# cot bkgbn~ot hg o~a`lk}`dkolgt# hg a~wzot `dxkuktx`t { hgtg~ukdkot znckdot { z~ku`hot tg gldwglx~`l ` bglwho gl tkxw`dkolgt gl pwg hgngl~ghgeklk~ twt `htd~kzdkolgt g kldcwto cot z~kldkzkot gl ewldkl hg cot dw`cgt ozg~ z~ohwdkglho klkdk`xku`t { ~gtzwgtx`t dw{` ~`dkol`ckh`h zwghg glx~`~ gl doleckdxo dox~`{gdxo~k`t z~guk`t, Gt`t hgdktkolgt ccga`l `c gvx~gbo hg `ckgl`~ ` ozg~`ho~gt hg tw`lxkaw`t `bktx`hgt,

Gvktxg wl` xgltkl# x`bnkl# glx~g gc nkglgtx`~ g klxg~t docgdxkuo { gc klhkukC` eo~b`dkl hg wl `dxkuktx`# uocwlx`~ko o z~oegtkol`c gl wl` o~a`lk}`dkl hgc TKH@doltkhg~`h` zo~ twt z`~gt x`lxo wl b~kxo hgc klhkukhwo dobo gc ~gtwcx`ho hg

ozo~xwlkh`h { gc `zo{o n~klh`ho zo~ c` o~a`lk}`dkl, Gvktxgl ~kxw`cgt hg ~gdolodkbkg` cot coa~ot klhkukhw`cgt o a~wz`cgt z~obodkolgt { z~gbkot dobo# zo~ gmgbzco# lobn~`ho z`~` ~gz~gtglx`~ ` c` o~a`lk}`dkl gl ~gwlkolgt# pwg ` bglwho kbzckd`luk`mgt z~gdk`hot ` cwa`~gt hktx`lxgt# aglg~`cbglxg ekl`ldk`hot zo~ `zo~xgt hgc Gtx`ho#o~a`lktbot klxg~l`dkol`cgt o hg c` doozg~`dkl klxg~l`dkol`c# co dw`c kbzckd` wl zcwt h z~gtxkako, Zg~o gc chg~ o dw`h~o hgng# gl ~gxo~lo# hguocug~ gc ~gdolodk`twbkglho b`{o~ ~gtzolt`nkckh`h { x`~g`t { todk`ck}`lho tw gvzg~kgldk`, Tg zolggtzgdk`c dwkh`ho gl lo z~o{gdx`~ c` d`~~g~` hg wl` zg~tol` pwg zwgh`# bt `hgc`lxg# htw gtz`ch` ` c` o~a`lk}`dkl, Dw`lho `cawkgl gt klukx`ho# ` xxwco zg~tol`c o dobo~gz~gtglx`lxg hg c` o~a`lk}`dkl# ` z`~xkdkz`~ hg wl gtz`dko hg hgdktkl o hg wl tg~ukhgc Gtx`ho# hg wl z~o{gdxo z~ku`ho o hg wl z~oa~`b` znckdo hg zg~egddkol`bkglxo#ozo~xwlkh`h gt uktx` dol `bnkagh`h, Gtx`t tkxw`dkolgt f`l aglg~`ho tockh`~kh`hgt {hktzwx`t { f`tx` dktkolgt gl c`t ekc`t hg c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt# hg `dwg~ho `c u`co~ pwg tg cf` h`ho ` c` tkxw`dkl# {` tg` dobo ozo~xwlkh`h hg gvz`ltkl hg wl z~o{gdxo docgdxkuodobo ~kgtao hg doozx`dkl# o nkgl dobo gvz~ozk`dkl hg c` eo~b`dkl klhkukhw`c g

x`lxo nkgl docgdxkuo# pwg ` z`~xk~ hg c` t`ckh` hgc klhkukhwo f`dk` wl bnkxo bt zn z`t`~` ` tg~ wtwe~wdxw`ho zo~ c bktbo dobo nkgl zg~tol`c o dobz`~xkho doldocgdxkuot ~ku`cgt, Gtx` gu`cw`dkl gt bghk`h` zo~ c` bgtw~` hgc u`co~ hg c` klug~tk zg~tol`c gl gc z~o{gdxo docgdxkuo# c` dw`c ` bglwho gvz~gt`# gl t# pwg~gcc`t xklxg~l`t dobo gvxg~l`t hg c` o~a`lk}`dkl# a~wzo o ckl`mg gl dwgtxkl, Gtx`t e~kddkolgbglwho tg zc`lxg`l x`bnkl dobo gvz~gtkl hg hktzwx`t khgocakd`t { c` dktboalgtktgl c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt# c` bka~`dkl glx~g wl`t { ox~`t { gc z`t`mg f`dk` ox~ot bnkxot hg


17/27

`ddkl &gtx`x`cgt# `d`hbkdot# gxd,+ tg f`dg gegdxku` dw`lho {` c` dolukugldk` gl wgtz`dko dobl tg f` xo~l`ho kltotxglkncg,

C` kldwbngldk` hg c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt gl c` ~nkx` hg zocxkd`t znckd`t x~`m`z`~gm`h` c` hgzglhgldk` hg ekl`ldk`bkglxo gvxg~lo z`~` wl x~`n`mo twtxglx`ncg gl c z~gugldkl hgc TKH@, Gcco f` bàlkekd`ho hktzwx`t khgocakd`t { zocxkd`t pwg# hcot zwlxot hg uktx` hg `pwgccot kluocwd~`hot gl c`t bktb`t# tg f`l uktxo dolx`bkl`h`t zo~ klxg~gtgt `mglot ` z~oztkxot doltkhg~`hot bt aglwklot zo~ gldolx~`~tg bt dg~d`hg c` gteg~` dobwlkx`~k`# `c xkgbzo gl pwg gc ekl`ldk`bkglxo gtx`x`c { gc dolx~`co~ gtxg x~`g ` z`~gm`ho f`dg zgcka~`~ x`bnkl gc `cx`bglxg z~gdk`ho nkgl hg c` klhgzglhgldk` zocxkd`, Gt` khg` hg dolx`bkl`dkl tg ~gekg~g# gl wl lkugc# ` c` hktxo~tkl xgdlod~hg khg`cgt gb`ldkz`xo~kot# dobo tg ug ~gecgm`ho gl gc x~ozo hg c` xk~`l` hg

z~o{gdxot#4 dw`lho c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt tg uwgcugl gtdcù`t hgc ekl`ldk`bkglxo# gl ug}hg b`lxglg~ tw eodo gl c`t lgdgtkh`hgt hg c` aglxg, Gl ox~o lkugc# c`t klkdk`xku`t g z~gugldkl hgc TKH@ tol uktx`t dobo xg~~glo e~xkc z`~` c` ntpwgh` hg zohg~# gc ckcgaxkbo { c` ~`zk` hg ~gdw~tot z`~` klxg~gtgt `mglot ` c` t`cwh znckd` { cot hg~gddkukcgt,

Gl gc tgdxo~ hg c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt z~ouggho~`t hg tg~ukdkot { d~gdkglxgbglxx`bnkl gl gc hg c` agtxkl hg hg~gdfot# wl` xg~dg~` zolhg~`dkl pwg o~kglx` cu`co~`dkl hg z~o{gdxot docgdxkuot gt gc a~`ho hg gbz`x` doltx~wkh` glx~g cot àglxgtwmgxot hg c`t klxg~ugldkolgt# o x`bnkl glx~g cot ~gz~gtglx`lxgt { tw n`tg, Càglxgt bt doltwtx`ldk`hot khgocakd`bglxg dol c` hgeglt` hg cot hg~gdfot hg c` zonc`dkl doltxkxwkh` dobo twmgxo hgc z~odgto todk`c pwg c` uwclg~`nkck}` u`co~gtx`~ bt dg~d` hg twt n`tgt# co dw`c f` tkho u`ckh`ho zo~ c` klugtxka`dkl todk``dg~d` hg c`t gtx~`xgak`t bt gvkxot`t gl z~gugldkl hgc UKF, @dxw`cbglxg gc x~`n`glx~g z`~gt doltxkxw{g d`tk wl` dolhkdkl z`~` c` `z~on`dkl hg z~o{gdxot hg z~gugldkl eod`ck}`hot gl tgabglxot khglxkekd`hot dwcxw~`cbglxg# dobo fobn~gt pw

xkglgl tgvo dol fobn~gt# muglgt { wtw`~kot hg h~oa`t klx~ùglot`t# x~`n`m`ho~`t/gtgvw`cgt, Wl` a~`l z~ozo~dkl hg cot dkgl eo~bwc`~kot pwg doltx`l gl gc dglto hg OLAt`~aglxkl`t dol x~`n`mo gl TKH@ ~g`ck}`ho zo~ OLWTKH@ bgldkol`l wxkck}`~bgxohocoa` hgc x~`n`mo glx~g z`~gt# `bzck`bglxg hkewlhkh` gl b`lw`cgt hg hkug~to~a`lktbot hg doozg~`dkl { glx~gl`bkglxot ~g`ck}`hot z`~xkdwc`~bglxg ` z`~xk~ hg

4 Xobo `pw z~gtx`ho wl x~bklo dkx`ho zo~ A`cuo &>:::+# z`~` a~èkd`~ wl` ozotkdkl zc`lxg`h` gl wl`~gx~kd` hg wto cod`c gtzgdekdo# hkug~aglxg hgc `cwhkho zo~ gt` `wxo~`# pwg tg ~gekg~g ` c` tkxw`dkhg twno~hkl`~ c`t àglh`t hg klugtxka`dkl ` hgtkalkot xgdlod~xkdot,


18/27

Z~o{gdxo CWTKH@ pwg# ekl`ldk`ho zo~ wl z~tx`bo hgc N`ldo Bwlhk`c# `zo{ glx0;;6 { >::: lwbg~ot`t klxg~ugldkolgt dobwlkx`~k`t ,

Z`~` ekl`ck}`~ lwgtx~` dc`tkekd`dkl hg àglxgt# c` khg` hg kltxkxwdkl o# b z~ozk`bglxg# hgkltxkxwdkol`ck}`dkl# `n`~d` ` docgdxkuot o~a`lk}`hot# dobo wl` OLA#wl` ~gh hg `dxkuktbo o boukbkglxo# gc gpwkzo xdlkdo hg wl tg~ukdko znckdo o do~zo~`dkl bhkd`, Zg~o# ` tw ug}# gl ox~o lkugc# cot bktbot lobn~gt &^gh hg Zg~tolÙkukglho dol UKF# Boukbkglxo ACXXN# Dobwlkh`h hg c` Hkug~tkh`h Tgvw`c+ tkhg`t pwg tk~ugl ` c` o~a`lk}`dkl hg docgdxkuot# twmgx`t ` hkug~t`t `z~ozk`dkolgt {xgltkl dol o~a`lk}`dkolgt z~ggvktxglxgt,

C` khg` hg dolxgvxo# dobo ~gdo~xg z`~` gc `lcktkt# tg ~gekg~g ` dolhkdkolgt xb`xg~k`cgt dobo tkbnckd`t ` z`~xk~ hg { ton~g c`t dw`cgt tg z~o{gdx`l c`t `ddkolgt gl gc

d`bzo hg c` z~gugldkl hgc TKH@, C` dolekaw~`dkl `dxw`c hgc bwlho hgc TKH@ gbghg wl` fktxo~k` hg dolug~agldk`t { hkug~agldk`t# hg `dxo~gt pwg tg ewg~ol twb`lho ` z~odgto o gvdcw{glho hgc bktbo, Tg hkdg pwg gc `dxkuktbo hgc TKH@ gt fg~ghg~oboukbkglxo fobotgvw`c hg cot 1: { 6:# zg~o tg f`dg lgdgt`~kodolxgvxw`ck}`~ gt`èk~b`dkl gl x~bklot hg c` bgbo~k` `dxw`c x~`{gdxo~k`t z`~xkdwc`~gt { hg clgdgtkh`hgt { hgb`lh`t hg cot hkug~tot àglxgt gl twt gtz`dkot hg todk`nkckh`h,

Dw`lho tg f`nc` hg c`t dolhkdkolgt pwg f`dgl ` hgxg~bkl`h`t zonc`dkolgt btuwclg~`ncgt ` c` x~`ltbktkl hgc uk~wt# tg bgldkol` c` hktd~kbkl`dkl pwg ckbkx` tw`ddgto ` hgxg~bkl`hot hg~gdfot pwg gc b`~do cga`c `dxw`c ~gdolodg gl `ntx~`dxo dobowlkug~t`cgt, Gl c` clg` hg c` cwdf` zo~ hg~gdfot gldolx~`bot c` ~gkuklhkd`dkl# zo~ wc`ho# hgc ~gdolodkbkglxo cga`c hg z`~gm`t fobotgvw`cgt zo~ z`~xg hgc Gtx`ho, Clga`dkl hg gtg hg~gdfo gvzolg ` cot klhkukhwot fobotgvw`cgt ` lo `ddghg~ ` zgltkolgt# dong~xw~` todk`c# ` zg~hg~ ukukglh`t# gxd, Zo~ tw z`~xg# c`t zg~tol`t x&x~ùgtxkt { x~`ltgvw`cgt+ ~gdc`b`l gc hg~gdfo ` xglg~ tw khglxkh`h hg alg~o ~gdolod zo~ gmgbzco# gl tw hodwbglxo hg khglxkh`h# { hglwldk`l tkxw`dkolgt hg dolxklwo `nw

{ `doto lo tco zockdk`c# tklo x`bnkl gl c` `xgldkl hg tw t`cwh, Gc x~`n`mo hg`huod`d{ hg c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt# tk nkgl ~gdolodg c` kbzo~x`ldk` hg xohot cot ~gdc`bot# doldglx~twt gtewg~}ot gtx~`xakd`bglxg gl `cawlo hg gccot gl z`~xkdwc`~# dobo ewg gc d`to hWlkl Dkukc z`~` c` Dobwlkh`h Fobotgvw`c @~aglxkl` &DF@+ hw~`lxg gc ò >::4, Cclg` hg `ddkl z`~` c` dolpwktx` hg gtg hg~gdfo# zc`lxg`h` zo~ twt `wxo~gt dobohgdktkl gtx~`xakd` { pwg aglg~ x`lxo tkbz`x`t glxwtk`tx`t dobo d`wxgcot`t `cawlot ~gdf`}ot# ~gtzolhg lgdgt`~k`bglxg ` c` dobzotkdkl todk`c { c` fktxo~k`

z`~xkdwc`~ hgc docgdxkuo hg zg~tol`t pwg c` ccgu ` d`no# e~wxo hg x~gt hd`h


19/27

e~`dxw~`t { do`ckdkolgt9 hgc docgdxkuo bt `bzcko pwg c` twtxglx# gl aglg~`c a`{dc`tg bghk`# hgc dolxgvxo todk`c { dobzotkdkl z`~c`bglx`~k` hgc hktx~kxo holhg e z~obwca`h` dobo cg{ { hg c` zotknkckh`h hg kltx`c`~ gt` { lo ox~` xgbxkd` gl x~bkloteùo~`ncgt gl c` gteg~` znckd` cod`c# ` tw ug} twmgx` ` ù`x`~gt hg wl` gteg~` znckd`gtd`c` acon`c,

Ekl`cbglxg# c` klxg~ugldkl gt gl t { gvz~gt` hkug~tot lkugcgt hg~gc`dkl todk`c # holhg ozg~`l lo toc`bglxg cot àglxgt bgldkol`hot tklo x`bnkl wl` tg~kg hgdoldgzxot pwg tol eo~bwc`hot {` gl gc d`bzo gtzgdekdo hgc TKH@# {` gl c` dkgldk` { gc`t hkeg~glxgt hktdkzckl`t kluocwd~`h`t# hgc Gtx`ho# hg c`t zocxkd`t hgc alg~o { hkhglxkh`h# gxd, Cot z~odgtot pwg `x~ùkgt`l d`h` wlo hg gtxot d`bzot dolecw{gl z`~`doleo~b`~ gc FKU { c` z~gugldkl hg tw x~`ltbktkl dobo dot` todk`c,

A~`l z`~xg hgc dolodkbkglxo todk`c z~ohwdkho `dg~d` hg `ddkolgt hg z~gugldkhgc TKH@ c`t tobgxg ` wl b`~do toc`bglxg lo~b`xkuo o xgdlocakdo# `l`ck}lhoc`ttgal tw gekd`dk`# `c hgbotx~`~tg bt o bglot `mwtx`h`t ` twt eklgt gvzcdkxot# bt obglot hgbod~xkd`t o fwb`lkx`~k`t# bt o bglot n`t`h`t gl gukhgldk` dkglxekd` o glc` uocwlx`h hg wl docgdxkuo todk`c, Bwh`lho c`t zg~tzgdxku` f`dk` wl `lcktktdobz~gltkuo# gl ug} hg lo~b`xkuo# zohgbot zg~dknk~ pwg gt`t `ddkolgt gvz~gt`lx`bnkl c` guocwdkl hg cot doldgzxot hg zg~tol` pwg ozg~`l gl tw eo~bwc`dkl#hgt`~~occo { gegdxot, Cot doldgzxot pwg twtxglx`l c`t d`bz``t hg z~gugldklo~kglx`h`t ` c` zonc`dkl fobotgvw`c doleo~b`l wl` z~ohwddkl o~kakl`c ton~g wl`tg~kg hg onmgxot hg hktdw~to twmgxot ` hguglk~gt z`~xkdwc`~gt= c` tgvw`ckh`h# c` kc` dobwlkh`h, @ tw ug}# x`lxo gc x~`n`mo dol d`tot dobo gc gtxwhko dobz`~`xkuo hg hkug~tkh`h hg klkdk`xku`t doltxgc`h`t gl gtxg d`bzo h`l dwglx` hg z~odgtot hg gtd`c`b`{o~# gl gc d`bzo hg c` t`cwh znckd`# gc hg c`t zocxkd`t hg c` khglxkh`h# gc hgtodk`nkckh`h hg hgxg~bkl`hot tgabglxot hg zonc`dkl { hg tw klxga~`dkl dobowtw`~kot hg tg~ukdkot hg z~gugldkl, Dwglx` x`bnkl c` todk`nkckh`h hg cot àglxgt

klxg~ugldkl bktbot# dobo chg~gt { tgawkho~gt# uocwlx`~kot { z~oegtkol`cgt9 hg pwkxgo~k}`l ton~g c` z~gugldkl hgc TKH@ { ton~g c`t khglxkh`hgt tgvw`cgt# dobklxgcgdxw`cgt { gvzg~xot9 hg cot d`bzot dkglxekdot { boukbkglxot todk`cgt pwdolecw{gl gl gc bwlho hgc TKH@, C` hkug~tkh`h tgvw`c# dobo d`xgao~` gbg~aglxgvz~gt` c` dolecwgldk` hg wl` gtzgdkekd`dkl z~ohwdkh` zo~ hgxg~bkl`hot t`ng~gg~whkxot tgvocakdo# bhkdo"ztkdocakdo# todkocakdo { gc boukbkglxo


20/27

ckng~`dkl tgvw`c Fobotgvw`c# Egbklktx`# ACXXN {Pwgg~ ,8 @bnot xg~~glot tgdolekaw~`l dobo gtz`dkot x`lxo klxg~l` dobo gvxg~l`bglxg dolxgtx`hot# zg~o gl `bnotd`tot twntktxg c` khg` hg ckng~`ck}`dkl hg c`t dotxwbn~gt# hg ntpwgh` hg wl` ug~hlxkb` hg t { gc ~gtzgxo wlkug~t`c hg c` klhkukhw`ckh`h# dobo khg`c dkukck}`ho~,

C` d`xgao~` dobwlkh`h# `zckd`h` ` tgabglxot ~gdo~x`hot dobofobotgvw`c# a`{ o ACXXN f`cc` wto gl hkeg~glxgt lkugcgt o ~gaktx~ot, C` wlkhhg lwgtx~` dobwlkh`h# gt guod`h` dobo z~o{gdxo wxzkdo# dobo khg`c dkukck}`hdobo fg~~`bkglx` d`z`} hg `b`ca`b`~ hktdw~tku`bglxg gc a~wzo kb`akl`ho# n`mo cotkbzg~`xkuot hg `twbk~ ckn~g { ~gtzolt`ncgbglxg c` z~ozk` khglxkh`h &tgvw`c+#do~~gddkl { ~gtzgxo zo~ c` hkug~tkh`h wl` x`~g` pwg tg ~gugc` z~oncgbxkd` tobgxkh` `cxgtx gbz~kdo# zwgt `twbg tkalkekd`hot ~`hkd`cbglxg hkeg~glxgt z`~`

dw`cpwkg~ twmgxo pwg tg z~ozolg ccgu`~c` `hgc`lxg# aglg~`lho klxgltot doleckdxot cot tgabglxot gvktxglxgt,

Gbz~kd`bglxg# c` dobwlkh`h `n`~d` docgdxkuot hg hkeg~glxgt gtd`c`t, Gl c`bglo~ hg gcc`t# c` hg d`h` o~a`lk}`dkl o ~gh hg zg~tol`t kluocwd~`h`t# tg h` wldolx`dxo bt klxglto gl wl gtz`dko hg hkcoao o hg `ddkl dolmwlx`# dol `dxkukh`hgtdoxkhk`l`t# wl dk~dwkxo f`nkxw`c hg dobwlkd`dkl# x`~g`t dobz`~xkh`t { ` bglw mg~`~pw`t eo~b`cgt g kleo~b`cgt hg ~ocgt { wl gxfot z~ozko { hkeg~gldk`ho, C` tgawgt c` gteg~` hg cot dobz`g~ot hg ~wx`# `bkaot { dckglxgt o wtw`~kot hg tg~ukdkot# tggc zg~ekc hg x~`n`mo o c` `dxkukh`h hgc a~wzo, Gc dolx`dxo hg gtx`t zg~tol`t gt gtzo~hkdo# bt zwlxw`c, Gtx dglx~`ho gl x`~g`t gtzgdekd`t= c` `tgto~` cga`c z`~ zg~tol`t pwg doltwcx`l ton~g tkxw`dkolgt hg hktd~kbkl`dkl# c`t doltwcx`t dcklkd`t# cuktkx`t hg aglxg pwg z~odw~` hodwbglx`dkl# cot tg~ukdkot dolx~`x`hot { e`uo~gt z~oegtkol`cgt `bkaot hg c` kltxkxwdkl gl xgb`t cga`cgt# dolx`ncgt# gxd, X`bnkl tgdola~ga` wl wlkug~to bt gvxglto hg `ccga`hot gl od`tkl hg dw~tot# x`ccg~gt#gldwglx~ot# ekgtx`t# `dxot znckdot { b`~df`t doluod`h`t zo~ c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt, Gtx`t

zg~tol`t lo f`l eo~b`ck}`ho wl` ~gc`dkl hg zg~xglgldk` dol c` o~a`lk}`dkl zg~ob`lxkglgl wl a~`ho hg dg~d`l` dol gcc`,

Gvktxg wl gtz`dko klxg~bghko glx~g gt`t hot gteg~`t# holhg tg wnkd`l zg~tol`t gl z~odgto hg klxga~`dkl dobo bkgbn~ot hg o~a`lk}`dkolgt o ~ghgt, Wl lwguo uocwlx`~koo zg~tol` pwg z`~xkdkz` hg c`t `dxkukh`hgt hg wl a~wzo dol `tkhwkh`h d~gdkglxg ` bglw

8 Gc Boukbkglxo Pwgg~ gt wl` eo~b`dkl ~gc`xku`bglxg ~gdkglxg# hg o~kagl `d`hbkdo lo~xg`bg~kd`l zotxg~ko~ ` c` `z`~kdkl hgc TKH@# ~`hkd`cbglxg `lxkgtgldk`cktx` { ozwgtxo `c le`tkt khglxkx`~kBoukbkglxo A`{"Ctnkdo,


21/27

ccga` dol c` klkdk`xku` hg hgt`~~occ`~ `cc `cao pwg cg e`cx`# pwg lo f` doltgawgldolx~`~ gl ox~o cwa`~9 zo~ gmgbzco# wl boho `cxg~l`xkuo hg todk`ck}`~tg dofobotgvw`c# dol z`~gt hkedkcbglxg f`cc`ncgt gl ox~ot bnkxot# wl gtz`dko holhgdobz`~xk~ { hguocug~ wl` gvzg~kgldk` hg twzg~`dkl zg~tol`c o# tkbzcgbglxg# wodwz`dkl gl wl gtz`dko `bka`ncg# glx~g z`~gt# holhg lo tg` o tg tkglx` hktd~kbkl`ho,Tw b`{o~ klxga~`dkl { `tdglto todk`c hglx~o hgc a~wzo hgzglhg~ hgc hgt`~~occo h zoxgldk`cgt klxglt`bglxg b`~d`hot zo~ gc ag~gldk`bkglxo hg d`zkx`c todk`c# tkbnckdo dwcxw~`c# tw d`z`dkh`h z`~` klxg~z~gx`~ { `~xkdwc`~tg dofg~glxgbglxg gl gc z~ zocxkdo g khgocakdo zo~ gc dw`c c` o~a`lk}`dkl o ~gh gtx `x~ùgt`lho,

Ekl`cbglxg# doltkhg~gbot c` doltx~wddkl hg c` dobwlkh`h hg gtd`c` b`{o~# hgwl wlkug~to kbàkl`ho pwg dobnkl` c` lodkl hg wl` dwcxw~` fobotgvw`c# bohot

gtzgdekdot hg todk`nkckh`h { c` z~gtgldk` d~gdkglxg hg twt gvz~gtkolgt gl c` gteg znckd` l`dkol`c { acon`c, @ co c`~ao hg cot cxkbot x~gklx` òt { hg bohogtzgdk`cbglxg klxglto hw~`lxg c` cxkb` hd`h`# tg f` kho doleo~b`lho wl` twg~xg hggteg~` znckd` a`{# dol twt z~ozkot bghkot hg z~glt`, @ gtg znckdo `zwlx`l c`td`bz``t eod`ck}`h`t hg xgtxgo { hktx~knwdkl hg b`xg~k`cgt dobo eoccgxg~ z~gtg~u`xkuot# gxd, { c`t zwnckd`dkolgt zg~khkd`t,

Fo{ gl h` gvktxg x`bnkl wl` ewg~xg z~gtgldk` hg xgbxkd`t hg c` hkug~tkh`tgvw`c gl cot z~kldkz`cgt bghkot `whkouktw`cgt# dw{o znckdo gt c` zonc`dkl gl aglg~U`~k`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt { a~wzot `dxkuktx`t f`l `z~ougdf`ho d~g`xku`bglxg gc zoxgldk`chg hkewtkl hg c` xgdlocoa` hg cot bghkot hg dobwlkd`dkl# z~o{gdx`lho c` khg` hg wkhglxkh`h dobl ` wl a~wzo gvxglto, C` doltxkxwdkl { hkewtkl hg gtx` khg` hgdobwlkh`h# wl eglbglo acon`c holhg dolecw{gl hkug~t`t gtzgdkekdkh`hgt cod`cgt# gtx`x~ùgt`h` zo~ u`~kot z~odgtot ~gdkglxgt, @c bglot gl c` dkwh`h hg Nwglot @k~gt# gl tgawlh` bkx`h hg cot òt louglx` tg f`n` `cd`l}`ho wl` b`t` d~xkd` &N~oql 0;;;+#kltx`c`lho c` xgbxkd` hg boho uktkncg { zg~b`lglxg gl wl` gteg~` znckd` hg `cd`ldg

l`dkol`c, Wl` tg~kg hg dolhkdkolgt fkdkg~ol zotkncg zglt`~ dold~gx`bglxg wl`dobwlkh`h ACXXN= c` hgbod~`xk}`dkl hg ~gc`dkolgt b`~d`h` zo~ wl` dolxklwkh`hklhkx` hg eo~b`t ~gzwnckd`l`t hg aonkg~lo9 c` z~oxgddkl hg wl b`~do cga`c ~gtzgxwhg blkbot hg~gdfot9 c` gvz`ltkl hg wl bg~d`ho a`{ dol gtz`dkot hgglx~gxglkbkglxo { hg z~ohwdxot z`~` cot dw`cgt co a`{ doltxkxw{g wl u`co~ à~ga`C` cc`b`h` Acon`ck}`dkl { hkewtkl hg gtxkcot hg ukh` `cxg~l`xkuot hg ox~`t z`~xgt bwlho x`bnkl tg fk}o tglxk~ gl cot dglx~ot w~n`lot `~aglxklot, Zo~ ox~` z`~xg# c`

gvz`ltkl { doltockh`dkl hg wl` khglxkh`h a`{ uk~kc# tgal gc z`x~l bohg~lo pwg# `


22/27

bglot gl co pwg tg gvz~gt` dobo khglxkh`h hg alg~o# xkglhg ` `nock~ gc hw`cktbo ekmb`dfo/fgbn~` o zglgx~`ho~/zglgx~`ho &dfolao/cod` gl c` mg~a` a`{ ug~ldwc`+,

C` dolecwgldk` tg`c`h` zg~bkxk c` gvz`ltkl hgc Boukbkglxo ACXXN# ton~g c` n`tg hg c` bgbo~k` hg `lxkaw`t klkdk`xku`t { wl` dwcxw~` zocxkd` hg z`~xkdkz`d z~oxgtx` { o~a`lk}`dkl# gl `~xkdwc`dkl dol gc boukbkglxo hg hg~gdfot fwb`lot,Ekl`cbglxg# cot gtx~àot &x`lxo nkocakdot dobo todk`cgt { zocxkdot+ hg c` gzkhgbkUKF/TKH@ zoxgldk`~ol wl` gmgbzc`~ ~gtzwgtx` dobwlkx`~k` gmgbzc`~ { c` doltkawuktknkck}`dkl zotkxku` hgc bwlho fobotgvw`c, Zohgbot hgdk~ pwg gc hktdw~to hgkaw`ch`h `c dw`c tg `~~kn` ` x~ùt hgc z~odgto khgocakdo pwg twn{`dg ` cot boukbkgtg`c`hot glx~` gl xgltkl# x`lxo gl c` ukh` doxkhk`l` fobotgvw`c gl aglg~`c dobo gl c`hg c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt# dol bohot mg~~pwkdot hg o~a`lk}`dkl todk`c { hg eo~b`dkl h

u`co~ pwg ~gugc`l dcku`mgt hg alg~o# hg dc`tg# dol twt z`x~olgt tklawc`~gt h zockxk}`dkl# eodot hg ~gtktxgldk` { gtx~wdxw~`t hg hobkl`dkl,

@cawl`t doldcwtkolgt= àglxgt { twmgxot g khglxkh`h gl gc d`bzo hg c` z~gugldkl C` doltxgc`dkl hg cot `dxo~gt# dolxgvxot { ~gc`dkolgt pwg dobzolgl gc bwlho

todk`c hgc TKH@ tg ukglg doleo~b`lho `c~ghgho~ hg wl guglxo oekdk`cbglxd`~`dxg~k}`ho &hgthg gtz`dkot ~gc`dkol`hot dol c` gteg~` gtx`x`c+ dobo gbg~agldgzkhgbkocakd`, Gl c dolecw{gl gc ekl hgc Gtx`ho hg Nkglgtx`~# gl @~aglx

gv`dg~n`ho zo~ c` z`wzg~k}`dkl hg c` gdolob` l`dkol`c { c` kbzotknkckh`h b`xg~k`c h`~xkdwc`~ wl` ~gtzwgtx` gekd`} ` c` gzkhgbk`# dol c` hktzolknkckh`h { boukck}`dkl h n`tg dobwlkx`~k` hg c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt a`{t, @aglxgt fg~ghg~ot hg x~`hkdkolgt cod`cghg boukck}`dkl zocxkd` { dwcxw~`t hg dc`tg tkl hwh` hkeg~gldk`hot tgal c` bgbohg hkug~t`t x~`{gdxo~k`t { ox~ot pwg dobgl}`~ol ` eo~b`~tg gl gtx` gbg~agldk`dwhkg~ol ` twzck~ ~gdw~tot e`cx`lxgt o x`~h`bglxg hgt`~~occ`hot gl gc bnkxo hg c` t` znckd` gtx`x`c { ` tw ug} hgb`lh`l `c Gtx`ho wl dobz~obkto b`{o~ { bt gegdxkuo,Gt` l`~~`xku`# gl ~kao~ onmgxku`bglxg do~~gdx`# dobl ` x`lxot boukbkglxot todk`cgt#~gz~ohwdkh` zo~ wl tgdxo~ d~gdkglxgbglxg `wxolobk}`ho pwg c` doltx~w{g dobo z~ozko ~gc`xo cgakxkb`ho~ { z`t` ` hktzwx`~ cot wtot aglwklot o gtzw~kot hgc bktbo# xo~lo ` c`t xgltkolgt aglg~`h`t glx~g gc u`co~ zotkxkuo hg c` ~`dkol`ck}`dkl { gc lga`xkuhg c` nw~od~`xk}`dkl9 zo~ c` hg c` ozotkdkl glx~g gc nkgl klhkukhw`c { gc docgdxkuc` zoc`~kh`h glx~g gc khg`c wlkug~t`cktx` hg kaw`ch`h { c`t hgb`lh`t hg ~gdolodkbkglxhg c` hkeg~gldk` khglxkx`~k`,


23/27

C` lodkl hg wl` uwclg~`nkckh`h hkeg~gldk`c hg c` zonc`dkl hg u`~olgtfobotgvw`cgt ewg wl` tlxgtkt ` c` pwg tg ccga gl c`t zocxkd`t hg z~gugldkl hgc TKH@`c d~kxkd`~ c` lodkl hg a~wzo hg ~kgtao, Hg gtg doltx~wdxo tg ontg~u`n` lo tcogegdxo gtxkab`xk}`ho~ ton~g hgxg~bkl`h`t khglxkh`hgt todk`cgt# tklo x`bnkl gc zgckpwg glx~``n` `todk`~ gc ~kgtao ` wl a~wzo hgxg~bkl`ho zo~ x~`ltbkxk~ wl` khg` klbwlkh`h ` pwkgl# `wlpwg gmg~dkx`~` z~dxkd`t ~kgtaot`t# lo tg khglxkekd`~` dobktbo, Ox~`t tkxw`dkolgt hg uwclg~`nkckh`h tol c` zon~g}`# c` dolhkdkl egbglkl`# gx~`n`mo tgvw`c { gc wto hg h~oa`t kl{gdx`ncgt, Twntktxg# tkl gbn`~ao# gc `lcktodkodwcxw~`c pwg `todk` wl gtx`ho hg b`{o~ uwclg~`nkckh`h `c gtxkab` fobotgvw`c# tg doltx`x` klxg~ekg~g dol c` zotknkckh`h hg `hozx`~ z~dxkd`t tgvw`cgt b~kgtaot`t,

C`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt fobotgvw`cgt# dw{` n`tg tg gldwglx~` z~kldkz`cbglxg gltgdxo~gt bghkot w~n`lot holhg tg f` aglg~`ck}`ho gc bohgco a`{ uk~kc bgldkol`ho bt`~~kn`# f`l hgt`~~occ`ho ~gtzwgtx`t pwg `zwlx`l ` `bzck`~ c` n`tg hg c` zonc`dklfobotgvw`c khglxkekd`h` dobo a`{# zo~ co x`lxo bt zg~bg`ncg ` bglt`mgt hg z~gugldkl eod`ck}`hot9 o nkgl# zg~dknkglho c` w~agldk` hg bohkekd`~ dolhwdx`t# klxglx`ho ccga`~ ` zonc`dkolgt lo dolug~xkh`t dol bglt`mgt bt lgwx~ot gl x~bklothg khglxkh`h tgvw`c, Gc ~gc`xo pwg glxkglhg c` z~ohwddkl hg c` uwclg~`nkckh`h gegdxo hgc gtxkab`# x~`hwdg tw klxgltkh`h bo~`c ` wl ~gdo~xg ztkdo"dwcxw~`c# hod~w}`l z`wx`t { u`co~gt lga`xkuot hg c` todkgh`h bt `bzck` &b`dfktbo# hobkl`dkl+dol c` doltx~wddkl hg wl` zg~xglgldk` dobwlkx`~k` zotkxku` dobo gegdxo ckng~`ho~,

Gl gc d`bzo bt `bzcko hg c`t klxg~ugldkolgt# c`t gtx~`xgak`t hg z~gugldkl f`lx~`ltkx`ho hkeg~glxgt bohgcot# hgthg wl` `ddkl pwg `zwlx`n` `ktc`h`bglxg ` c`bohkekd`dkl hg dolhwdx`t# f`tx` c` khg` hgc gbzolhg~`bkglxo &gbzoqg~bglx +, Gl gcd`to hg cot a`{t# cgtnk`l`t# nktgvw`cgt# x~`ugtxkt { ox~ot FTF# lo tg x~`xlgdgt`~k`bglxg hg c` dolug~tkl ` wl` khglxkh`h a`{# tklo bt nkgl ` c` doleo~b`dkl

hg dobwlkh`hgt hg z`~gt ton~g n`tgt hg dolukugldk` tockh`~k` { hg ~gtzgxo hg c`thkeg~gldk`t, C`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt bt `dxkuktx`t f`l b`lxglkho tw le`tkt gl c` gvz`ltkl{ z~obodkl hg hg~gdfot# ton~g gc twzwgtxo hg pwg c` d`~gldk` hg cot bktbot x`bnkluwclg~`nkck}` ` cot twmgxot,

Gc bohgco dobwlkx`~ko hg z~gugldkl f` a`l`ho `wag ` z`~xk~ hg c` z~obodklhgc cc`b`ho x~`n`mo glx~g z`~gt dobo wl` gtx~`xgak` hg klxg~ugldkl gvkxot`, lodkl hg z`~ f` ~gtwcx`ho n`tx`lxg zctxkd`, Hg `dwg~ho dol gc zg~ekc hgc `aglxg { hg

hgtxkl`x`~kot &khg`cbglxg `bnot bkgbn~ot hg wl` dobwlkh`h+ { dol gc gtxkco hg c


24/27

klxg~ugldkl# zwghg ~geg~k~tg ` wl twtx~`xo khglxkx`~ko doltx~wkho dobo {` zc`lxglhotg gl x~bklot gtx~kdxo hg lobkl`dkl# dobo gc x~`n`mo hg a`{t dol a`{t#x~ùgtxkt dol x~ùgtxkt o x`vk no{t &u`~olgt pwg gmg~dgl c` z~otxkxwdkl+ dol x`vZg~o ` bglwho gt` dobwlkh`h lo gt wl` hg kaw`cgt= xoh` wl` d`hgl` hg hgtkaw`ch`hgtxg~bkl` docod`lho ` gtxot xg~kdot z`~gt gl c` tkxw`dkl hg hol`lxg { hg ~gdgzxo~ hg wtg~ukdko, Gl ~g`ckh`h# gc wto hg c` lodkl hg z`~ gl gtxg d`bzo gt# zo~ wl c`ho# bxdlkd`9 tg ~gekg~g ` f`ng~ hgt`~~occ`ho c`t dobzgxgldk`t lgdgt`~k`t z`~` dobwlkd`~tgekd`}bglxg# dobz`~xk~ wl` dwcxw~`# wl gtz`dko hg todk`ck}`dkl# wl` gvzg~kkhglxkx`~k`, Zo~ ox~o c`ho# wl z`~ gt `cawkgl dol pwkgl tg dobz`~xg wl fo~k}olxg zocc` d`~gldk` hg { c` `tzk~`dkl ` c` dolpwktx` hg hgxg~bkl`hot hg~gdfot, Gt c` lodklkluod`h` gl gc Boukbkglxo ACXXN# holhg co pwg cot z`~gt xkglgl gl dobl gt tg~

onmgxo hg hktd~kbkl`dkl gl wl dolxgvxo b`dfktx` { foboenkdo, C` khg` hg kaw`ch`h g zc`lxg`h` bt nkgl dobo z~o{gdxo { c` n`tg khglxkx`~k` x`bnkl gt ~gc`xkuk}`h`# zox~`x`~tg hg wl` `tzk~`dkl bt pwg wl fgdfo h`ho# { zwghg doltx~wk~tg bt `cc hg ctkbkckxwh, Wl a`{ { wl` x~ùgtxk zwghgl doltx~wk~tg dobo z`~gt gtgldk`cgt# gl d`to h`bnot khglxkekd`~tg dobo u`~olgt fobotgvw`cgt &co dw`c ` bglwho lo gt gc d`to+# o nkgl hguglk~ z`~gt gl c` z~gugldkl Yhgc UKFR,

C`t gvzg~kgldk`t hg klxg~ugldkolgt dobwlkx`~k`t o~kglx`h`t ` c` dobwlkh`hACXXN { ox~ot FTF hg @~aglxkl` hgt`~~occ`l { ~gz~ohwdgl# tkl gbn`~ao# ox~~hglgt hg hkeg~gldk`, Zo~ wl c`ho# doltx~w{gl wl` tgz`~`dkl n`tx`lxg ~`hkd`c glx~g gtx`xwt hg àglxg { gc hg ~gdgzxo~ hg c` z~gugldkl# c` dw`c tg x~`hwdg gl wl` dhkuktkl glx~g cot ~ocgt hg z~ouggho~ { hg wtw`~ko gl c`t klxg~`ddkolgt doxkhk`l`t glgtz`dkot hg z~gugldkl, Lotox~ot cgt hgdkbot# cgt h`bot xoho co pwg z~gdkt`l { gccotu`l { tg tkawgl zolkglho gl ~kgtao# tg pwgm`n` wl` zg~tol` kluocwd~`h` gl x`~g`t hg`doltgm`bkglxo, Gtx` zg~dgzdkl tg dolukg~xg gl ewglxg hg e~wtx~`dkl z`~` pwkgdolhwdgl d`bz``t g klkdk`xku`t hg z~gugldkl, Tg `x~knw{g wl` twg~xg hg dwcz` zo~ g

e~`d`to ` cot wtw`~kot# ` pwkglgt lo cgt kbzo~x`# lo tg f`dgl d`~ao, Gl gc tglxkhodobl hgc bwlho hg c` z~gugldkl hgc TKH@ ozg~` dobo z~kldkzko gc twzwgtxo hg pwekl`cbglxg# tol cot àglxgt hg z~gugldkl cot lkdot ` pwkglgt cgt kbzo~x` z~guglk~# bglot pwg ozg~g wl d`bnko ztkdo"dwcxw~`c gl cot hgtxkl`x`~kot hg c` klxg~ugldkl,

Cot lhkdgt hg dolxàko ~gaktx~`hot bt ~gdkglxgbglxg zg~bkxgl doltx`x`~ ckbkx`dkolgt gl c` gekd`dk` hg c`t d`bz``t dglx~`h`t gl c` hktx~knwdkl hg z~gtg~u`xku{ hg b`xg~k`c kleo~b`xkuo, Hg gtxo# pwkglgt dolhwdgl x`~g`t hg z~gugldkl gl gc lku

dobwlkx`~ko doldcw{gl pwg gt lgdgt`~ko hgt`~~occ`~ wl x~`n`mo bt klxglto d`~` ` d`~


25/27

gl wl ~gaktx~o d`~`dxg~k}`ho dobo bt ztkdocakdo# holhg tg` zotkncg x~`n`m`~ dxgb`t dobo c` `wxogtxkb` { c` khglxkh`h, @fo~` nkgl# gc f`dg~tg d`~ao hg c z~gugldkl gt ~gaktx~`ho dobo wl` gtzgdkg hg dolug~tkl# ` bglwho `dobz``h` zo~ wl `dg~d`bkglxo gegdxkuo { hgtklfknkho ` c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt { ` cwa`~gt hg todk`ck}`dkhg c` dobwlkh`h, Dbo glxoldgt zwghg dobz~obgxg~tg dol c` z~gugldkl pwkgllo gtx hktzwgtxo ` eo~b`~ z`~xg hg gtg bwlho todk`c o gldwglx~` hkekdwcx`hgt z`f`dg~co? Pw z`t` dol pwkglgt lo hktzolgl hgc d`zkx`c todk`c# gt hgdk~ hgc gtx`xwt hdc`tg# c`t f`nkckh`hgt dobwlkd`xku`t# c`t ~gc`dkolgt lgdgt`~k`t z`~` f`dg~co?

Gl c` mg~a` hg cot a`{t pwg ~g`ck}`l x`~g`t hg z~gugldkl hgc TKH@ gl @~aglxkFTF gt fo{ gl h` wt`ho z`~` ~geg~k~tg ` `pwgccot ,,, { ox~ot fobn~gt pwg xkglgl tgvodol fobn~gt pwg gld`ng}`l cot hodwbglxot z~oa~`bxkdot hg c`t ~ghgt hg

o~a`lk}`dkolgt# ` pwkglgt hkedkcbglxg ccga`~l dol gc doldgzxo klxga~`c hg z~guglddobo khglxkh`h"t`cwh"hg~gdfot"dkwh`h`l` pwg z~ozwal`l z`~` twt z`~gt hgtodk`nkckh`h, C` khgocoa` kaw`ckx`~k` pwg h` dwg~zo ` c` lodkl hg x~`n`mo glx~g totc`{` gc fgdfo hg pwg pwkglgt z~obwgugl c` z~gugldkl `dx`l hgthg wl` zotkdkl hg mg~`~pw` ton~g cot ~gdgzxo~gt hg c`t `ddkolgt# lo tco gl x~bklot hgc ~oc hg doltgmxg~`zgwx` o hgc gtx`xwt hg bkgbn~o hg wl` o~a`lk}`dkl# tklo x`bnkl# hgthg c` zotkdkhg pwkgl tg doltkhg~` bt `u`l}`ho gl x~bklot hgc hgt`~~occo hg wl` doltdkgldk`{ wl` khglxkh`h tgvw`c, C` khg` hg gbzolhg~`bkglxo zotxwc` pwg cot hgtxkl`x`~kot hc` klxg~ugldkl hgngl xo~l`~tg twmgxot `wxlobot hg twt z~dxkd`t# gl wl fo~k}opwg ewtkol` c` z~gugldkl hgc TKH@ dol c` lodkl hg dkwh`h`l` tgvw`c, Gc d`bkllo~b`xkuo f`dk` gtg gtx`ho gt zc`lxg`ho gl x~bklot hg twzg~`dkl# ` x~`ut hg c``hpwktkdkl hg hgxg~bkl`h`t d`z`dkh`hgt# bghk`h` zo~ wl bohgco hg todk`ck}`dkldobwlkx`~k`, Gl gc dolxgvxo hg c`t o~a`lk}`dkolgt# tg x~`x` hg wl bohgco hg z`wx` n`tx`lxg ~akh`t= zo~ wl c`ho# cot u`co~gt hg c` khglxkh`h a`{ dotbozockx`# `hozx`hot zcot fobotgvw`cgt hg tgdxo~gt bghkot w~n`lot9 zo~ ox~o# wl` z~dxkd` hg z`~xkdkz`d

dukd` `mwtx`h` ` wl ~gzg~xo~ko n`tx`lxg `dox`ho hg eo~b`t do~~gdx`t dw{o wto n`tx`lxg zockdk`ho,

@t dobo wl tkalkekd`xkuo lbg~o hg zg~tol`t fobotgvw`cgt tg f` dolug~xkho `c` dkwh`h`l` tgvw`c# gc bktbo bohgco gt d`z`} x`bnkl hg gvdcwk~ d`xgao~`gtxkab`xk}`h`t# dobo `pwgccot ox~ot fobn~gt pwg xkglgl tgvo dol fobn~gt pwgd`~gdgl ~gtwcx` gcodwglxg gc wto hg gtg x~bklo hg wl` khglxkh`h fobotg zotkxku`, Gc vkxo hg c` dolug~tkl ~gpwkg~g gc `cd`ldg wl dkg~xo lkugc hg ~gecgv

dobo gc pwg tg `x~knw{g ` cot fobotgvw`cgt { ` c`t zg~tol`t ukukglho dol UKF pwg f`l


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x~`ltkx`ho twdobkla owx # hgt`~~occ`lho wl` khglxkh`h zotkxku` { wl` zg~xglgldk` a~wz`c,Gt hgdk~# hgngl f`ng~ z`t`ho hg tg~ bg~ot twmgxot ` tg~ `dxo~gt hgc z~odgto dkukckpwg oxo~a` tglxkho { u`co~ ` c` z~gugldkl dobo gc `n~`}o hgc èkdfg# pwg &gl znckglx~g z`~gt+ lo x~`ltbkxg gc TKH@,Nknckoa~è` dkx`h`

@{~gt# M, ^,# E~`l` M~,# Ku`l# D`c`}`lt# A, { T`cgxxk Ekcfo# F, &0;;;+ Uwclg~`nkc z~guglo gb xgbzot h` @kht, Kl= Z`~ig~# ^, g N`~not`# ^,B,# o~at,Tgvw`ckh`hgt zgco ùgtto= Hk~gkxot# Khglxkh`hgt g Zohg~, ko hg M`lgk~o= @NK@ To Z`wco= Ghkxo~` 48,

@cxb`l# Hgllkt &0;;8+ Zoqg~ `lh Dobbwlkx{= o~a`lk}`xkol`c `lh dwcxw~`c ~gtzoltgt,Nklaf`bxol# L[= X`{co~ `lh E~`ldkt,

@~`mo# D`~c` Cw}k` E~`l` &>::4+ @ z~xkd` ho `doltgcf`bglxo gb HTX/@kht gklxga~`ckh`hg, Kl=Doltx~wo h` klxga~`ckh`hg= doxkhk`lo# t`ng~gt g z~xkd`t gb

t`hg, ^ko hg M`lgk~o= KBT# WG^M " @N^@TDO,N~oql# Txgzfgl &0;;;+ Hgbod~`d{ `lh Tgvw`c Hkeeg~gldg= Xfg Cgtnk`l `lh A`{

Bougbglx kl @~aglxkl`, Kl= @h`b# N`~~{ H# Hw{uglhì# M`l % I~oqgc# @lh~&Ght,+Xfg Acon`c Gbg~agldg oe A`{ `lh Cgtnk`l Bougbglxt= L`xkol`c Kbz~klxtoe ` Qo~chqkhg Bougbglx, Zfkc`hgczfk`= Xgbzcg Wlkug~tkx{ Z~gtt, Zz, 00:"04>,

Ddg~gt# D`~cot &>::>+ Gzkhgbkocoa` hg c` klegddkl zo~ UKF glx~g cot fobn~gt xkglgl tgvo dol fobn~gt gl @b~kd` C`xkl` { gc D`~kng= Tkxwdkl `dxw`c ~gdobglh`dkolgt z`~` c` Ukakc`ldk` Gzkhgbkocakd`, Kl= Ddg~gt# D,# Zgdfgl{# B{ Xg~xo M~,# U, &Ght,+#TKH@ { tgvo glx~g fobn~gt gl @b~kd` C`xkl`=Uwclg~`nkckh`hgt# eo~x`cg}`t { z~ozwgtx`t z`~` c` `ddkl, Zg~tzgdxku`t {~gecgvkolgt hgthg c` t`cwh znckd`# c`t dkgldk`t todk`cgt { gc `dxkuktbo, Ckb`=WZDF"OLWTKH@,

D`b`~ao M~,# Igllgxf &0;;8+ @t dkldk`t h` @kht g ` @kht h` dkldk`= o hktdw~tobhkdo g ` doltx~wo h` @kht, ^ko hg M`lgk~o= ^gcwbg Hwb`~ @NK@ KBT/WG^M,

D`~~`~`# T~ako &0;;8+ @ @KHT g ` fktx~k` h`t hogl`t ugl~g`t lo N~`tkc &ho ekl`ctdwco VKV `x ot `lot >:+ Kl= B,@, Co{oc` &o~a,+ @KHT g Tgvw`ckh`hg, O zolxohg uktx` h`t dkldk`t fwb`l`t, ^ko hg M`lgk~o= ^gcwbg"Hwb`~,

Hw`~xg# Cwk} Eg~l`lho Hk`t &0;;;+ O Kbz~ko hot Tglxkhot= Tgltknkckh`Tgltw`ckh`hg g Tgvw`ckh`hg l` Dwcxw~` Odkhglx`c Bohg~l`, Kl Fgkcno~l &oTgvw`ckh`hg, O ocf`~ h`t dkldk`t todk`kt, ^ko hg M`lgk~o= Mo~ag ]`f`~ Ghkxo~,

Hw`~xg# Cwk} Eg~l`lho H,# Cgkc` Cklf`~gt N`~txgh# B`~k` ^kx` X`wcokt { B`~k` FgA`~dk` &0;;4+ Ukdkttkxwhgt g Ckbkxgt h` Dolug~to Dkh`h`lk` l`t Dc`ttgtZozwc`~gt N~`tkcgk~`t, ^DNT 6 &>>+= 7"0;,

A`cuo# M`lg &>:::+ @ @kht lo N~`tkc= ` àglh` hgdoltx~wo hg wb` gzkhgbk`, ^ko hgM`lgk~o= @NK@ To Z`wco= Ghkxo~` 48,

E~`td`# Xkb &>::>+ Cgddkolgt `z~glhkh`t hg c`t `dxkukh`hgt { z~oa~`b`t z`~` c` z~gugldkl hgc TKH@ glx~g fobn~gt dol z~dxkd`t fobotgvw`cgt, Kl= Ddg~gt# Zgdfgl{# B, { Xg~xo M~,# U, &Ght,+#TKH@ { tgvo glx~g fobn~gt gl @b~kd` C`xkl`=Uwclg~`nkckh`hgt# eo~x`cg}`t { z~ozwgtx`t z`~` c` `ddkl, Zg~tzgdxku`t {~gecgvkolgt hgthg c` t`cwh znckd`# c`t dkgldk`t todk`cgt { gc `dxkuktbo, Ckb`=WZDF"OLWTKH@,

C`~ukg# Tg`l Z`x~kdi &0;;6+ B`làkla Hgtk~g= Tgvw`ckx{# Dkxk}gltfkz `lh @KHT klDolxgbzo~`~{ N~`}kc , ZFH Hkttg~x`xkol, Wlkug~tkx{ oe Dfkdào,


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C`~ukg# Tg`l Z`x~kdi &0;;;+ Pwgg~lgtt `lh xfg Tzgdxg~ oe N~`}kck`l L`xkol`c ^wkACP# @ Mow~l`c oe Cgtnk`l `lh A`{ Txwhkgt, 7 &8+= 7>1"776,

B`l}gcck# Fg~ll { Zgdfgl{# B`~ko &>::>+ Z~gugldkl hgc UKF/TKH@ gl fobn~gtpwg xkglgl tgvo dol fobn~gt, Kl= Ddg~gt# D,# Zgdfgl{# B, { Xg~xo M~,#&Ght,+#TKH@ { tgvo glx~g fobn~gt gl @b~kd` C`xkl`= Uwclg~`nkckh`hgt#

eo~x`cg}`t { z~ozwgtx`t z`~` c` `ddkl, Zg~tzgdxku`t { ~gecgvkolgt hgthg c` t`cwh znckd`# c`t dkgldk`t todk`cgt { gc `dxkuktbo, Ckb`= WZDF"OLWTKH@,Z`~ig~# ^kdf`~h &0;;8+ @ doltx~wo h` tockh`~kgh`hg= @kht# tgvw`ckh`hg g zocxkd` lo

N~`tkc, ^ko hg M`lgk~o= ^gcwbg Hwb`~ @NK@ KBT/WG^M,Z`~ig~# ^,# A`cuo# M, { Ngtt`# B`~dgco Tgd~ol &0;;;+ Zocxkd`t todk`

hgtgluocukbglxo gdolbkdo g t`hg docgxku`= o d`to hg @kht, Kl Z`~ig~# ^,#A`cuo# M, { Ngtt`# B# &o~at,+T`hg# Hgtgluocukbglxo g Zocxkd`= ^gtzotx`t

e~glxg @kht lo N~`tkc, ^ko hg M`lgk~o= @NK@ " To Z`wco= Ghkxo~` 48,Zgdfgl{# B`~ko &>::0+ C` doltx~wdxkol hg cùo~xgbglx gx hw TKH@ gl x`lx pwg

pwgtxkolt zockxkpwgt= cg d`t hg c@~aglxklg,Ckccg= Z~gttgt Wlkug~tkx`k~gt hwTgzxglx~kol,

Zgdfgl{# B`~ko &>::>+ Khglxkh`hgt hktd~gx`t, Kl= @~ewdf# C, &dobz,+ Khglxkh`hgt# twmgxot { twnmgxkukh`hgt,Nwglot @k~gt= Z~obgxgo ckn~ot,

Tkuo~k# Fo~`dko &0;;8+ ^gfg`~tkla Bo~`ckxkgt `x xfg B`~aklt= Dolxgvxt oe A`{ Klxg~`dxkol kl ` Z~oukldk`c Dkx{ oe @~aglxkl`,B@ Xfgtkt# Lgq [o~i Wlkug~tkx{,

Xg~xo M~,# Ug~k`lo &0;;;+ To~ozotkxkukh`hg g zocxkd`t hg khglxkh`hg lo N~`tkZ`~ig~# ^, g N`~not`# ^,B, &o~at,+Tgvw`ckh`hgt zgco ùgtto= Hk~gkxot#

Khglxkh`hgt g Zohg~, ^ko hg M`lgk~o= @NK@ To Z`wco= Ghkxo~` 48,Xg~xo M~,# Ug~k`lo &0;;5+ Fobottgvw`kt to~ozotkxkuot g to~ozotkxkuot fobottgvw

pwgtxgt h` fobottgvw`ckh`hg b`tdwckl` gb xgbzot h` @kht, Kl= Z`~ig~# ^, gN`~not`# ^,B,# o~at,Tgvw`ckh`hgt n~`tkcgk~`t, ^gcwbg Hwb`~ @NK@ KBT/WG^M,

U`ccg# D`~cot A, O, ho &>:::+Xfg bìkla oe Zgozcg Ckukla qkf FKU `lh @KHT=khglxkxkgt# kcclgtt `lh todk`c o~a`lk}`xkol kl ^ko hg M`lgk~o# N~`}kc,ZfH Xfgtkt#Wlkug~tkx{ Doccgag# W, Oe Colhol,

U`ccg# D`~cot A, O, ho &>::>+ Khglxkh`hgt# hogl` g o~a`lk}ò todk`c= wb gtxwho zgtto`t ukuglho dob FKU g @kht, Fo~k}olxgt @lx~ozocakdot# Zo~xo @cga~g#01= 01;">0:,

Qggit# Mgee~g{ &0;;4 Y0;67R+ Gc B`cgtx`~ hg c` Tgvw`ckh`h, Tkalkekd`hot# BkxTgvw`ckh`hgt Bohg~l`t, B`h~kh# X`c`t`,

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IDENTIDAD Y COMUNIDAD EN EL MOVIMIENTO ARGENTINO DEL SIDA Y LA DIVERSIDAD SEXUAL