Russian Liremmre XI (1982) 91.110 NonttHoUmd Publishing Compmy

II03TWIECKHfl MHP KAK CMCTEMA MHBAPMAHTOB M 3AmWl COIIOCTABMTEJIbHOA II03TkiKM

A.K.XOlIKOBCKHR

92 A.K.Xonxoscxuii

Jlo~anh”blR KO~OH~HT, K~LK npa~nno, cneun@uue~ ,qqnn T nMe”“O no CpaBHeHWX) c TA, RBJlRRCb B TO ae spebm 06qnM ilOCTOII”neM PEl3”bTx BBTOPOB, cp. TaKne pacxoxwe Tern, KaK '"ecax!~"an m6onb', 'mc'rynneme B~CHH (OCeHw, XiMbI,...) '# 'BOcmeCTBne "a npecTon' w T.rI.

A"~apm"~"blR "o~no"e"~ (O;,,, cosnanae~ nw6o-(a) c OBmeR w"sapaa"T"oR TeMOR BCeX TeKCTOB amopa (OT,#,, nw60 (b) c K~KWM-TO 0~06~~9 ee no~oPo=o~, "anPu~eP, coon- "ml nnn HeCXOnbKWMn w3 HHsapaaaTHbIx MOTUBOB aBTOpa. ,Um ~61~0aa n(T*) 3~0 03"a~a.e~, 9~0 B cnyue (a) B HBM MOryT ~acTB*saTb IIpaKTW~eCKn nlofibIe n3 "A,",,

a B "T'tK ~a.e (b) - n&am "e~o'ropble - COOTB~TCTB~~~W~ ?.etde OHHe . B ueno~ BMBOP. sm,on"~e~ ~enepb ~~~ofxKy?a ponb, aeMo"-

1.2. KpaTKo EI3noxe""aR 8m.m? CHCTer"m rIO"RTWR samMa- m mx h3e~a~3bm am no m3hwicwx~n ~ema~tior0 onwca- ~~54 ("nopwemposams") o~aenhmx xynomec~sewbuc TBKC- TO3 w rpynn TeKCToB. YIIeT COOT"Ome"WR COnOCTa.BnTeJlb"O- PO XapaKTepa (Tuna ~0614ux" no~a.nb"blx T& H~XO~~TCR cicopee "a,nepwQepea szoro ~pyra 3am~. 0n"a~o ~ae~a"- Ha3 TOYHa ~nepecese"un He IIBJlReTCR: "U cnywtlsofi, "U enn"cTsex"oR BO3MOX"OA.

COnOCTaBATenb"Oe OnHCaHne TeKCTOB nMeeT qenbI-3 KOH- CTaTaqum nx cxoxcgeHwti II pasnuruft, a TaKxe ycTaHosne"we THnOnOrn'IeCKW CylqecTseHHbm KaTeropuR 11 XnaCCOB. OH0 opwamposa"o ~a ycMoTpe"m pasaoro B onn"a~o~m u onw- H~KOBO~O B pamus"o~, 1460 "omo w TO ae" y paz"m amo- POB STO "He OZHO II TO xe". c Sana~aMn TaKOrO poaa noHR- THE OnHB, MnHB , lTM w 'r.n. CBF13aHkl CaMlaM HenoCpegcTBeH- "km 06pa30~.

Bo-E~~B~M,YUCTO M~O~O~OZUUECKU~ OHW, npe~c~aannn c060R @opm.nb"bIR n'im" &mi ornica"~~ CTPYKT~P~ T~KCTOB x IIM, 06pa3ym ro~osbtR ~a60p OCHOB~HWR grin cpa~"e"wrr co- o!rseTcTsyIouwx rrpyrryp.

BO--BTOpMx, no CaMOMY cyufecmsy, 9TW IIDHRTAII np-ona- l-awr MexCTpyKTypHkJe ConocTaBJIeHWR. ~encTsuTenb"o, yT- BePwIarr, YTO TaKWe--TO MOTIiBbl XapaKTepHbl mIR naH"oro a=-

l-0 OnTm.m3Ma., nOnaTlaR, YTO, BO BCFIKOM cnys3e, Hccnqlo-

BaTem OxElnaeT MHOrO uHTepecHblx pe3ynbTaToB. naxe ecnIl

II npexqe qe~ OH ynpe'rcx B ~~~~CT.~MO~OI'&~V~CK~EC CT~HY. B KaYeCTBe me YHwBepCanwR H mleI0 B BHLlY OnHpaTbCR Ha Ka- Teropmi 3~pa.BOrO cMblcna u kix 3seHTyanbHoe yTOYHeHMe M IIpOBC"eHHC?, no~cKa3kJsaeMoe COnOCTaBWTenbHOR npaKTuKoTr.

1.3. COnOCTaBUTenbHOe OnMCaHUe MOXer rIpOMBBOJlHT~CR ~a ~~SHMX ypo~~nx ~~CT~~KIIHH. CpaBHwsaTb MOXCHO n03TH- secxwe MMPH, oT,QenbHble w"sapJia"TkJ XJIA KOHXpeTHble TeXC- Tka paSHbl* BBTOPOB.

Conoc~asne~ue uenhtx IIM npe~c~asn~e~ 6onbmiR THIIOIIO- rW-.IeCKEIR swrrepec, HO no ~eo6xo;qmoc~n ~'POMOB~KO w a6- CTPaKTHO, a B TOR Mepe, B Ka.KOtt nony%a,eTc~ HarnRRHm, OH0 , B CyuHoCTH CBODWTCX K COnOCTaBneHAM OT~t?JTbHhlX MUHB , co CBoeR CTOPOHhl, nocneanee, a TaKxe COilOCTaBne- HUB Tc?KCTOB, HOCUT, KOmz~HO, 6onee oc~~aeiasm xapa~~ep, HO TeopeTHsecKyIa *eHHOcTb YepnaeT UcKnIoQiTenb"O B one- pe "a MeCTO, 3aHm.taet.lOe COOTBeTCTByh3uInMU MOTUBawi II ~pamematm B c~lc~e~e VXEJX IIM.

06he~mne~ Bee ~TH TPW 'rUna COnoc~aBnemi~ U cJ'Ie,Lwtc~- w3e 06cTonTenbcTBo. JJema ml, T.e. CIiCTeMa GffKB , ox-- ~~enb~blR M;,, A KOHKP~THM~~ T* - 06ae~~bl B K~KOM-TO cr-mc- ne OnnOR npHponhl: 3TO c006llJexu.8 TOrO*kmEl WHOFO YPOBHR a6mpaxum. &m T* - smo O~IBBWLIHO; MN,, ec~b on"a WH- sap&.ia~~"an IIOPUIIR JIW~HM~IX c006tqemiR ae'ropa; IIM - non- !mIl m60p T~KUX coo6ueswR, B ~ott unw WHOR ~0~6mm.4~11 BKJIIOV~~MIJX ~BTOPOM B m60R T~KCT u B 3~0~ chmcne K~K 6~ ~c!~poe"~blx B KOJI.

Hav~e~ o ca~oro 061qero ~POBHII - ypo~"sr ~CJBTMV~CKUX MWpOB.

2. Conocmasnenue Ii'M.

CpaBHeHAe UenblX Hepapxa~ecxux CWCTeM, eCTeCTBeH"0, HOCMT o~e~b 06064ewihIi3 xapamep w npamwsecm pais~o- CW~HO noc~poemim mnonormecmx KJI~CCOB. numb H~KOTO- pble BEG= CO~OCT~BHT~~~H~IX onepauni4 c i'IM npu6nuxa~~c~ K 6map~o~y cpame~mo r110 cneuuanhHo B~IRBIIR~ - KOH- ~pe~mm - ~IPI~SH~K~M (CM. wixe n.2.3.). A~CTP~XTHO-TX- nonorusaxoe CO~OCT~BJI~HH~ llM opnemmpyemx nn60 "a six "CT~~XTYPH~~", n&i60 ~a ux "coaepxa~em~ble" CBOII- CTBa.

2.1. “CmpyxmypHtw” napaAempta. Ha30BeM HeCKOnbKO KaH- ~&i&aTOB B napaMeTpbI 9TOl-0 poLla.

(1) "Edu~cmso". rlM xapaKTepu3y~TcR BblCOKWM "emmx- BOM" B TOM cnyrae, ecnn WepapXm MnHB yBewmBaeTCR on- HOR "npocTofl" O,,, . CnegyeT cKa3arb, q=o no~wnie uew 'rpanb~oR O,,, 6mo BB~JK?HO COB~PILI~HHO ~etmp~anb~o u

pm.1

B npoc~eC?lue~ cny~ae ~an6onee ~~CTP~KTHW "sepxme" M,,, 06mpymsam~ 6onhmym co,qep~a~enb~ym O~MHOCT~, ~.e. HMBK)T ~OCT~TOYHO ~ompemtm 06uaR T~M~TH.~~CKWR MHOXI?- Tenb - enIlEiyE O,,,.T~KOB nM nacTepHaKa COrnacHcJ XonKos- CKUR 1974, 1976a, 1978, 198Oc.

Oqam MOXHO npenc~ami~b ce6e I? cnyqaR, ~orna "~epx- me" M,,,,nony~eHebIe U3BneBeHUeM WHBapAaHTOB 113 "mix- mix" ypm~eR nT,#, rxaxywx nocnen~km ST~XOM a6mpa~- LUG4 u He ganyT CBeCTM uepapxsm B OnHy TeMaTUveCKyx TO-J- Icy. He= cMblcna anpwop&i WcKnloYaTb TClKym TeopeTw~ecKylo B03MOXHOCTb. 3Mnupusecx~ OHa, rm-BU~WMOMy, IIO,gTBeP?x.qa.- ~TCR npw~epo~ nM Ama~o~oR (Uei-non 1979a); cp. cneuu- anI3EIhle 3aMe~aHUII HCCJIenOBaTenR no wrot4y nOBOny (CTP. 28,291. 0 T~KMX IIM MOXKHO I-OBOPUT~ K~K "mimex~blx envy- cma". 2

(2) "Cemnocmo". Ecnki "enmc~im" HaCanOCb CxOmneHwR CTpyXTypbl "HaBepXy", TO wCBmHOCTb~ onpenen~ercrr cxom- ~.BHAQM "mmy": nM TBM 6onee "CBm?H", 4e~ K 60nbwe~y KO~AX~CTB~ cahlblx ~~CT~~ICTH~~X M,,, BOCXO~AT ~amnblA MS KoHKpeTHblX MOTkmOB w, *naBHoe, TeKcTOB aBTOpa. nanpo- TEIB , '~CBmHOCTbD~ na,qaeT, ecnw OHHU M,,, Bblpaxam~c~ B CvqHHX TeKCTaX, a npymie -s~pyrux; Hanp)lMep, ecnu y pa=- HEJX IIepuonoB TBOP'IeCTBa (XmHPOB, npomsenema) - pa3mle MOTI1BbI EI name TeMbl. npmep0M MOX~T C~YXXWT~ nacTepHaK (CP. Nilsson 1959) N, c 60nb1u0R B~~OSTHOCT~M, nm60R a~-

TOP, TBOpveCTBO KoToporo YeTHO PacnaFlaeTcn Ha IIepnogtJ. oseeu,ma B3aHMHaR HeSaBWCEiMOCTb I'enHHCTBa" n "Cm3-

HOCTli'~: ~au6onee a6c'rpamm~e MnHB MOryT xopomo CBO~HT~CH K enmica &, ?eLsepxy, HO nanee nOnHOCTbI0 pacxoJ&irbcR BHYISY (pwc.2), II ~ao6op0'1 (puc.3); ~ozmoxe" M nM, OZHO- BpeMe~Ho "HE!-e,qnmR" 'A “~ecBmHhlR” (pric.4); ~andonee

npOCTOR cnysafi, c KOTOpOrO m HaYanA (PMC,l), - coye- TaeT "eHWHCTB0" co "CBR3HOCTbH)".

PWC.3

PUC.4

(3) "6oeamcmeo". "6ora~m.d ~a!azme~ "~opr.mnb~&' IIM, MOJl'IaJmBO nOnpa3yMeBaeM6ln HauIIlM UcXOnHblM 0npe~eneeweM (n pm.l), -r.e. TaXOR, r.qe ~OJ~,~HCTBO TBM II MOTMBOB WHT~HCUBHO BAPbAPYK)TCFI II COBMEUAIOTCII apyr c apyroM ~a TIYTU K KOHKpeTHm MOTIiBaM, 06pa3ak1 w 0pamemm. B rum- TWBHOM cnyvae MOXKHO I-'OBOPWT~ 0 "6en~ocm" i7M. OY~BW~HO, YTO "6en~oc~b" 6yna ,xmy~ OCHOBH~~X TsirmB: "6en~oc~h" BAPbHPOBAHiGI (puc.5) u "6e19~0mb" COBMEUEHMR (puc.6). Bpocae~cf~ B rnasa onpex~ene""a~ ~~BHCHMOCT~ ~exmy "6ew HOCT~" COBMEL,EHMR w "H~CBFI~H~CT~H)" (pm.2,4), XOTR noJnIor0 CosnaJJeHaR TYT c-4 Her.

PUC.5 Pnc.6

(4) "iflycuH0 II nM TIM 60~1bwe, '4eM 60~1bm2 "3TaxeR" dewy cazvkm ~~CT~~KTWM ypoB~e~ (TIM) a Caiwmd XOHXPBT- HUM (TBKCTOB); =a~, pm.5 "my6ze", VIM pwc.6.

ECT~CTB~HHOR co~epxal(a~enh~~R miTepIIPeTaqn&i 6onb- UIOR "rnybu~~" 6yge~ TaXoR nl4, me a6cTpaKTme kine~l noneoc~b~l ~onnow~bl B ~arnwwm "peanbmm" 06bemax; HanpOTAB, B "~erny60~0~" nM uneu 6yny'r npocsevmaTb CKBOS~ npex?~eT~w o6onourcy.

IlapaMeTp "~erny60~0c~b' nepeKnmaeTcR c "n&napa- TmHOCTbM" (CM. n.2.2.[91).

(5) "I7pedcmaeUmefl~HocmD" ml TIM BUW~, WM 66nbwan Y~CT~ peanbmx T~KCTOB noKpbTBaemfl Ha6opoM GnHB; oHa HUme, Korna msapmdmible MOTUB~I 06anc~mw mm H~MHO- roe B TeKcTax, m2Tpe~amcs B HUX pemo, II T.A.

HesaBucuMoCTb mar0 napaMeTpa resee 6eccnopm: B "~enpe~c~a~menb~o~" IIM mwo T~OP~TWY~CXH me MeuaeT OS'ldBATb oTneJlbHblM&, o,,, BCe To, YTO me noxpblsaeTCx yxxe AMemuMMCII *miCaHHeM, *.e. nOnpOCTy oxapaKTepH30- BaTb nM KaK "HeCBmHhlR" u "He-e;9UHbIR" (CM. pwc.7).

PUC.7

Bee me donee pa~yrmm npencTasnneTCfi ?apyroR cnocod MH- TepnpeTauww n0~06~0r0 IlM - OT~eC'rti BC~ me "o,qBoJ~hIoe nap. qeHTpanb"yx- flnHB Ha CUT nOKanlbum TeM CTzkenb~bx TeKCTOB, me cBanman B O~HY xysy "Henpenc*am*enb- HOCTb", "HeCBR3HOCTb~~ Ei "OTC~TCTBU~ enmmz3a".

n0aqepKHy, 'ITO "HenpencTaauTenbHocTb" mmax me owa- qae= HUXCOR OIWHKA IIM: oHa COOTB~TCTBY~T TOMY "O~WZK- TWBHOMYn *tiny no3mwmoR II~~KTIIKW, Horna noxanbmae rem (rpybo ~OBOPR: mo6paxaeMble npemem, CO~~~TIIR, re- pou si T.E.) FE nomoc~b~) nornorqamcn mmapm~mm nupu- WXKWM cy6ae~~o~ aaTopa. HanpoTuB, B "npencTaBmenbHoM" nM IIOKWIbHble Tam "caqmoTCRw ms3aimammmn (0 PaSHblX COOTHOUIeHH~X .vex.qy enoK II QnnB , B xac'rHocm 06 ux ~etf- T~~JIUSBLWU CM. XO~KOBCKM~~ 1976a:39, 1977:glcn.j.

npenenm "HenpencTaBuTenbHofTu" 6yne~ IIOIIHO~ OTCYT- CTBU~ KaXOrO-n&f60 CXOXJJ~H~R K MNHB Ha ny~z "BBepx".

2.2 "Codep.xamen~Hn'e" napaJ.lempbi. Ecnw ~OBOPR 0 CTP~K- TYPHblX napaMeTpax, m 06parqanw BHI~M~HU~ ~~KJIIO~~T~~I,HO ~a @50p~y IIM, ~.e. Oirypbl, 06pa3ye~oU 0, M u ;i a~ropa, TO ~eneph "a~ 6yne~ utmepecosa~a codepxa~ue ysno~ zrroR Oirypks. OT 06t11ero BII,~ PIICYHKOB (mm puc.l-7) I.&J 06- paTul"lcx K 3&-IHCflIM BHYTPU Ksa~paTwlcoB. HO perIb nOBneT me o MX XOHKP~THOM co,qepma~~n (o HIM r~o%xe - B n.2.3), a 06 a6mpa~mblx xapax~ep~c'mmax 3~0~0 co~epxaaw.x.

(6) “Mo~osafle~mnocmb/a~6uaa~eHm~ocmb~. Mo~osanem- H~TM npe&narae~c~ "a~hl~a~b IIM, uewrpanh~a~ 'Rena KOTOPO- ro ConepxtcHT (COOTB. - UeHTpanbHhle TeMhl... ConepxaT) O.qHOSHBY"YW OueHKy npOTUBO"OCTaBneHHhw rlonK)coE3, TUrm 'X - xopouo, - x - nn0xo'. Ilpxf~epo~ ivorne~ cnymw~b IIM IlacTepHaKa (= 'fgqqWHCTB0 A BenMKOnenne mipa EEcer,qa xo- pouro').

Andusme~m~a~ RM ~ocxonm K enHB, oue~~sgxqe~ 06a non~~ca H~KOTOPOR onn03~wifi O~~H~KOBO: 'X M X 06a xopo- tiM [nnoxu, non BonpocoM]'. Taxo~bl IIM ilyu~ma (= 'xm~b II CMepTb, CTP~CTE. w Becc~pac~ne, ~~060~~4 u H~BOJIR,... II xopotm u IUIOXM', CM. XO~KOBCKHR 1977, 1979b, 1980b) II Max~enhu~~a~a (- 'yCTOBwBOCTb zl HeyCTORxlBOCTb, npo- CTOe, OCHOBHOe EI npuqJnnwFJoe, H~OCHOBHO~ 06~1 xoporuu II nnoxll ' , XonKoBcKuR 1979c).

IIM MOX~T 661~1, w ~K~~KTMYH~IM B pacchta~pusaeiwo~ OTHO- IIlemiEI; TCIK, y O~yw~a~bl (iXon~o~cK&i~ 1979a) ~OJ~LWHCTBO ivmTUBOB BOCXOnHT K MoHosaneHTHo~ TeMe (2 '-4IWCTblU w&(ean HeysepeHHo IIpeononesaeT TmcenyE peanbHoCTb; IPeps& xo- pow, BTopaR nnoxa'). Ho pfin MOTHBOB .ZYI~WB~~HT~H, ~a- npmlep: 'IIOHOUEHH~~ o~~ema u 06ysb', '~fixena~, ~ppaq~- o"anb~o-~CT~CTB~HH~R cynbba', '~nxeno ony~bmamqarr ye- novena nmbo~b'. B HZIX (c xapa~~ep~brm M~ZJOX~MOM) ono6- PFIeTCR KBK M,zIeanb"Oe HarlaJIo ('nonnwHHocTh', 'nyweB- HOCT~'), TAX w 'TF~X~CT~ XWSHW ('6ea~oc~b', '~pya- HOCTb ' , 'K~~TKOB~~M~HHOCT~ XWSHU', '~ecBo6o~a').

(7) "~pedMem~~ocmo/opydutiHocmb". 3~0~ napme~p onpe- nenReTcz.3 KOnU4eCTBeHHm c!OoTHOWeHWeM Ei,,,, npMHa.,qJIe- xwux K ZByM OCHOBHbrm crpepakl Ton nenCTBWTeJIbHOCTH, 0 KOTOPOZl u c nOMOqbJc KoTopon BblCKa3EaBaeTCn JniTepaTypa. QKTO "npenMeTHm" 6yne~ m, me Term w MOTM~ zco~opo- ~0 mnpa~ne~b~ mxmowi~enb~o ~a "xm~b" H 06neVe~bl B cyrydo "mmeRcmie", "c061miB~ble', II 'r.n. @opm. Bblco- KaLR ~OpymiRHOCTbw rIM 03HaVaeT, EIanpoTuB, VT0 nm30

Ii) uempanb~an O,, (mw *mm us B,,,) ~WIF~~TCFI t-e- MOR II pona (BhlCKa3bmaHHeM 0 ecTecTBeHHoh4 113Ime unu 0 ~3bl~e uclcycc~aa, CM. B~eneme K H~CT. BEJIIYCK~, mp.8); na60

(ii) MHO~HB 6onee Kompe~~ble ~*mBbl cy~b Term II POE=; ~1x60

(iii) ~a qc~a~owio ~~CT~~KTHOM ypoB~e pacnonaraw~ CR opymiR~hle M,,,, pean~~ymwe O,,, Ipona, T=LK VTO

"rnu~enc~a~" ue~~panb~a~ ~e&%a UM~~T rny6~1~~hle ~onnoue- mm B ~j.ine 0~06~~ cnoco608 06paqem~1 c (~CT~CTB~HH~ u) rIO?lTMVeCHMM ~I3blKOM.

TBK, JUIFI nacTepHaKa B COOTBeTCTBym4IIX OnUCaHUfiX QopMynWpYeTCR B,,, I pona ('enmicmo H BenHKOnenUe MuPa'), HO yxe ~a ca.mx ~epxmix ST~XKELX nM ~OFIB~FIK)TCR ee Opy~HUHkJe MaHsi~ecTasmi: MeTaQopa, Mf2TOHUMUR, C,qBmr COYeTaeMOCTA, nepe~wcnesue, napoH*MacM~ (Pi MHbE Tmm ~OHeTw~ecKoro np*paBHMsaHMR CJIOB), IlpACTpaCTUe K cy- IIepJEl*HBEiM, MHOX~CTB~HH~ YMC~~M EI npyrn~ n0~06~bhl MO- TIIBziM, rlpOeUEIpYHJ4IIM UeHTpanbHyK TeMY B c0epy rpa*a- THKEl.

CornacHo YynaKOBy (1972), r~~eXOBa HanOnOBUHy nopy- neeH": ueHTpanb"an OUHB = 'B MNpe Barn"0 BCe cny~anaoe [nOnTeMa I pona], B ClOmeTe cyIqecTseHHk4 He3Ha.9UTenbHble Menowi , a. me ~pari!iwio~~afi 0aSyna [nome~a II penal'. non~oc~bm "opynne~" 6yne~ IIM ~BTOPOB, =eCb elan HOTo- pblx HanpaBneH UCKnMVWTenbHO Ha pe0opMy R3hlKa ri CTElmx, *ax 'IT0 HWKaKOfi XwrenCKH I?nu l$lmocoi#lcKu ConepmaTenbHoa AHB~~&~HTHOCTA IIX =e~CTbl me 06mpymsalo~.

(6) “TmamuuscmG mun” . neTanmupyR nanee neneakle, HaYaTOe napaMeTpOM (7), FIM MOXHO pasnu'.xaTb no TOMY, K~KO~O ~%ina T~M~.TAX~CKM~ B~~M-.~IEIHM IIBJIFIKITCR era ~aw60- nee a6c~pa~~mm.m w~sapna~Ta&ui. Hanpmep, .ann "npemw- mm" IIM - HOCRT JIH OHB xapa~~ep @inococ$c~ux abc~pax- win, HpaBCTBeHHbIx MaKCUM, C04Uam"hlX Einri IIcAxonorw~e- CKIlX KOmIU3UB, rInaC*UVeCKAX KapTAH w T.n.; a &n5? "opy- nMRHbM" nM -HM~?M JIM ~bl nen0 C HOBLUCXTBX?IM B 06naC~n PU4MOBKsi, ?.wTPIIKII, CUHTaKCliCa, nOBeCTBOBaTenbHOR TeX- HEIKM II *.n.

Kax npa~kino, B ~~060~ m "peJ.lcTasneHhl Came pasaLE! *sir&l MOTUBOB - cy4ecTseHHbl pa3JIwmFI B MeCTe, 3aHMMae- MOM mm B siepapxwlr. PenIcm n03T~"e rIOnb3yeTCR TpcJrIar.nf, HO B rm rkcTepHah3 ~.2aa0~a u M~TOHMMWS B~~~HRH)T on- HY M3 BamHeRLmiX (PYHKwiR - CBOnBTh BOenWHO BCe 'pa3HOe' B huipe B B R3blKe. B TO lye BP~MR nn~ npyroro (ccquanb- HO-rIOnUTA9eCKW OpWeHTAPOBaHHOl-0 aeTopa) OxeHb BanEa BY~YT wlemble PawniYIIR Max,uY XpUCTOM, rkTp0M I, nemi- Hm, rp.mmHm, MeUepxonbno~ II a~~opcmm "R", ~crna K~K nn~ nacTepHaKa BC~ OHM - M~HM~~CT~U~~H 'EHU~~~HOR Z~Y- HOCTU' - MHHB , 0npe~cene~ws.f 06pasm co~~eqam4nR 'enm- CTBO' u 'senmconeIIue' (CM. XoJIKOBCKnR 1974:59mI.).

(9) "Aex~apamu@~~~m~" IlM os"a9aeT, 'ITO 're a6c~pa~~- Hble TeMaTImeCKAe KaTerOpuIl (nanp., 4wnoco4cKne), KOTO- pble BXOWIT B a-0 qeHTpanbHy!0(bIe) OUHB, snpmyh? npIICyT- CTBymT u Ha 1'HU3UIIIXW YPOBHRX Eiepapxnw, BrmOTb Jxo pe- anbHhlX TarCTOB. T~KOB IIM O~ynxmm, B CTUX~X ~CToporo u306nnym cno~a ~ucmii, cmpoeufi, vecmxati, Hadexdal m.q-

Xecmb N ZP., Ha3hlBahmwe no IIM~HA CoOTBe~CxBym4l(i? M,,,. "~eKnapaTN!aHOCTb" O~~ILIHO (n B Y~CTHOCTH y O~ynxwm)

0BR3a~a C "OTCYTCTBUQM rny6mid (CM. 2.1.[4]). HO ice xe nOn"OI-0 COBnaneHuR Idexny BTWMIl n.3paMeTpJ.m "BT: MOXHC npenc'rasu~b ce6e noc'ra~ou~o "my60mlf" IIM, rnqe Ha IIYTH "BHMB" GIIHB IIePeKOnupylo~Clr BO BC~ 6onee XOH- KpeTHble MOTIIBbl, coxpaH.mT, o,qkmxo, OTXpblTO "FinemIyIo" nP~PonY.

B "H~~~K~~~TABHOM" IIM ~etrm, nepeKonupyncb B HOBym cy6c~a~qu10, K~K 6bl nosmoc~bm P~CTBOPH~TCR B hen, BO- nno4aRCb B --niCTO "nnaCTU9eCKWe" 06pa3h1, aane~ue OT BM- paxtae~oR a6c~pa~qua.

lTM IIac~ep~a~a ,qae'r 06pa31m 060~1~ npurlquno8: cno~a II 06pa361 mma KYIUCI, mma, MH~X~C~~O; KC~K 6a docmueuufi elacueii @a3w, BeAUKOAenUe; mom xe, me xe; u T.rI., ne- KJEqxiTHBHO BblpaxaMT LIeHTpanbHble Tern ('~senmonenne )1 'B~UHCTBO') , a MOTWBhl T&ma 'HeT cm', 'C~asnwsaHwe', 'c4enneswe'. 'maememe', 'npommame qepes OKHO' ~blpa-

xam ux wmo nnacmvecm. Ta ~lnu UH~R nponopuu~ "ne- KnapaTmHocTw" w "nn+niw3ocni", sunuhfo, xaparrepm &m? 6omma~c~sa IIM.

3. llo~omue~oe conocmaene~ue IlM.

3.1. 3neCb MbI OCT~B~R~M nosBy T~nOnOrw, w 06paqaek,- cs K ~oki~pemo~y ConocTaBnemw 0Taenbmm IIM. 0~0 em-- eCTBeHH0 sblpaxaeTcR B XOHCTaTaqWU HanAYW~/OTCyTCTBH~ B mix 06nwix (nnw XOTR 6~ cxon~buc) MnHB.

Ilepme ~onpocbl ewe ~oi-YT HOCWT~ a6c~pammaR xapalc- Tep: eCTb m 06wie M,,,? MHDI-0 nw wx? A np&memiTenbHo K 06r11m M,,, - B 9-z~ pasmiua: B IIX "onoxe"uw B Elepap- xm ITM mw B HenocpezcmemoM conepxam~?

Ecnu B nonozexuu, TO IcoHcTaTapyeTcR, YTO B KaKOM--TO IIM mdnmR MOTUB mumemx qempanb~oi4 (on~oa w3 qew TPanbHbx) BHHB , unu 0mioR w3 ocHombU(.ee peanusa4un, wnn 0n~x.m w3 6onee KOHKP~THUX WHB~PW~HTH~~X 06pa30~~1m~, Llanee , Bmpewexs B Kavecme muwmi~yanbm3x Texcr0mr.c MaHH@eCTauAR, unu me, HaxOHeq, He Bmpesae~cn y wore aBTOpa Lance B 3TOM OKKa3HOHanlbHOM XaYeCTBe.

roBopUTh 0 pa3JIwmw B CodepxaHuu nByX QHB paemlx .aBTOPOB MOXHO

(a) nyTeM Henocpencmemoro M~XCUC~~MHOBO CO~OCT~B- neHWR, c OnopoR Ha y.wisepcanhH&JR MeTaR3blK TBM, B qacT- HOCTl(, Ha pamwxsm no aM6ueaneHTHocTW/MoHoBaneHTHocT~;

(b) B ~ephmmx ~~ympucucme~~n~ cBmeR ~amoro m HHX, IIeMOHCTpUpyII, !Ianpmep, paSHuqy TBX CUHOHAMH~O- CKWX PRLIOB, B wx0Pbl.e 3m Monmka Bxonm xaxqrdtl z3 caoetd III4 u !rex aepapxsi~ecmx o6oBmemR, non KoTophle OH&i Tad noJwo~~Tc~.

KompeTmae CO~OCT~B~~HU~ - mn6onee cneqnQusecmm y%elc!cox COnOCTaBUTeJlbHOro onwzamin. IlpOUBBO~RTCR OHW 6onee unw Mewee O~~H~KOB~IM 06pa30~ &m IIM B qeno~,

R Kpa’mo npownJnocTpMpyIc YeTbIpe OCHOBHble TWna nohlo- TNBHEJX conoc~asne~~R B nop~~n~e y6hlsamx pasm~m ~exny IIM. B K~V~CTB~ On~CamiR Ccm0CTaBn~em~ rIM R 6yny onu- P~T~CR - me o6cylqqasr six aneKBaTHocm - ~a c~le,qy~~q~e padow: no XOH~H .@ixoany - Uerno~ 1973; no MaHnenbmTaMy - mnxoBcKm 1979c; r110 Omnm - Iqernm 1962, 1967, 1980; no Oxymase - ~OJIHOBCKUR 1979a; no UacTepHaKy - XO~KOBCKUR 1974, 1976a, 1978, 1980c; no rIymUHY - xon- KOBCXHR 1979b. 1980b; no Gxy - Byxma6 1970; no Use- T~~BOR - EJI~HWI$GIR 1979. Conepma~~e pasnenm 3.2.-3.5. B 3HawwnbtmR ~epe OCHO~HO Ha XG~IKOBCKUR 1976a. 1977.

3.2. Nxsapuatim~nii ~cmus odnoeo IIM tie npedcmasne~ B dpyem.

(1) cpem ii A,,B OKywaBbl ecm ~aKsie,~a~ 'npocbba, mnhba', '~anewa', 'n~ocmenb~ble o6paulemn'. cmyauw M 060pmb1 mna 'ensa mm X, KaK cpaay BamHbtR Y' u np. 3~11 kim CXO~H~ZB MOTABH cosepme~~o me XapaicTepHbl nm ITM i?acTepfiaKa. B CBOH) o~epezzh, y O~ymasb~ me z3mpe-4armcn nameptiammmie MOT~H 'IIPm-BOnc~eHWe HeMaTepuanbHblx CyqHocTeA K MaTepUanbHm', 'pacnpenenetmm KOHT~KT A c B, C c D, E c F' II HP.

KnUeHTOM, mep~ble HabmonaeMbrm '~epes OKHO Ksapmpm ~a Bemcep-CTP&iT.

FiI.iqbln .3 B nM nac'repxa~a 'rpawi~la', pa3y~ee~c~, ~cer,qa ycneumo p?.3pywae~C~, CTWpeeTCR, i'Ipeoz10nesae'rcn. Y Man- .qenburTma MOT&m 'rpaFIU - Tome OmiH w3 AHBapWaHTOB, HO y Hero 'rpaxh', HanpoTHB, OHa3blBaeTC~ HenOCTIIW(EIMOA, He- nepexonHMoR Einll IIpeononaMoR JIUUlb nyTeM 'WJtJlwi0pH0r0, MeHTaJIbHOrO mecra'.

(5) B nM Ma~~enbw~a~a ~am"oe M~CTO ~~HIIM~IOT rpa@i- YeCKIle MOTABbl 'KpUBmHa, HeCZIMMeTpH~HOCTb, Y30pYaTOCTb, npwxoTnuBocTb pricyalta' A aHaJIOrH9HHe '"HeOC"OB"6le', Ka- IlPIZSHble, '~WrpOBkae", APaS”R4e-BenbMO~alllueCn w T.ll. 3i40- IpiOHanhHhIe COCTORHMR u no3hl'. MM npOTHBOnOCTaBne"bl 'npocTeRUIUe, OCHOBHhIf2, sneMeHTapIible, "rpyf%e" r$l,wswve- cmie CBORCTB.3 w 3MoIJHOHanhHble COCTOmMR'. OqeHnsaeTcn 3x-a OmI03HqUR pORCTBeHH0: n03T CK~OH~~TCII K 060~14 nOmCaM O~HOBpeMeHHO.

co CBOen CTOPOHM, nacrepHaK O~ZH03HaYHO mo6&Ts Bee 'npOCTOe, nprrixoe, OCHOBHOe, nmneHHOe Y30POB (npuxpac, USBU/IUH, npuuyd)‘. (Era M~HB ‘C~LM~.II cy!rb’ - o,q”a U!J ~a- Hu@ecTaquR l&MB ‘Benmconerme ’ ) .

(6) Y OKygxasbl em& MOTUB 'HeXBaTKa cun (BpeMeHu, =mJ, H T.rI.)', BOnJIOlqahxqUR TeMy 'TRxeCTh X83HU'. 3-ra 'HeXBaTKa' nonysaeT He~eycMkJcneHHo OTpuqaTenbHyIo OqeH- KY. B nM nac~ep~a~a &i~ee~cfi CXOL~H~IA MOTUB - 'HOT cun', shlpamaloLquR '~enmonemie' 6krrnn. IIonrla~ @op~ynupo~~a 3~01-0 MnHB rnacwna 6~4: 'MWP Tax BennKOneneH II Tat c&WE.- HO B03neRCTByeT, 'IT0 BblBORWT JnozeR II npe&veTbl H3 CTpO- FI'. OlWWZl, p.33yMeeTCR. cyry60 nosvnm~a~.

B I’IM MaH~enbmTaMa fame ecm @,,,,BHWHe CXOn~bln c 'beccwnue~' - Bonea~e~~hle COCTOIIHUR ~xna 'xpyn~oc~n, X~WIIJIOCTW, S~~X~HHR', H T.II. AMBusane~~~oe 'np~!r~xe- Z-Me K/OTTaJIKUBaHUe OT' BCerO '6one3HeHHoro, yTO"-aeHHO- r0, HeOCHOBHOrO' OTnAYaeT MaHnenbuTaMOBCKUR nOBopOT 3TOR Tehm u OT OKymcaBbl w OT naCTepHaKa.

B IIM nyu~~l~a napannenbM K MOTHBY '6eccw1arr' y O~yn- X~BLA 6yge~, sepOnT"0, O,,, 'nOnyMepTBOe xcwBoe', 'nmbosb K MepTseHHoR Kpace', 'CMepTb - nyl% K XenaHHoMy rIOKOh3' u T.II. 0~e~usa.m~~~ ZITB COCTOSIHIIH y llyuwma a~6usane~~- HO. A~anor~eR XC= I( '6eccrzna10' ci Za naCTepHaK B nM IIyul- KWH~ 6yziy~ c~opee MOTMBEJ 'bb~crpafl c~e"a XHSHEI c~ep~bh?', 'Gyfim~ XKH~H~HHOCT~ ~a I-P~HII CWPTU w noes.; OU~HK~ onwrb-T~KA FJ.P.I~~B~JI~HTH~R.

KaLK nerxo BWneTb, B qeThlpeX nM CXOJJHtae MOTIlBU TpaK- TOBaHbl no-pa3"oMy.

3.4. llooo6wwe MO~UBTS ua pastiatz IIM pasnuwmmc~ tie #op~ympoe~a~u code&‘aHux, a sHympucucme.v!toti CUHOHLLMU- xoti u napadu2kmmuKot2.

(7) Y os~~m n npKxHa YaCTbl 06pa3h1 'IIpeBpaEleHWR BO.qk;B nen'. Oqema !a~oR cw'ryaueu y obonx, K~LK I-I~ELBU- no. ~O~~TWBH~R (y nvKxHa ki~0w.2 ~MBKWI~HTH~X).

6onee TOFO, ~a nep~o~ mare a6c'rparupo~a~wn 3~0~ MOTE~B B 060~~ IIM ~O~BO,IJWTCR non onn~b--T~Kw 06~ym 'reM3.~~9e- CKYH) BenwsuHy - '~pa~c@ophmrw~ mimcoe (rasoo6pas~oe) - TBepnOe'. onFIax0 nanee CWHOHUMU~ecKAe u nepapxuveacue CBR31I pacxoJumcn B paSHHe CTOpOHm.

rIM osnmin 3TO 'cTa6unbmR, ypaBHOBeWeHHI,Ia MEIP HOPM H 3TamHOB' (Taxosa Ouas ). IcorlZa PaBHosecne "apyuEieT- CFI, OHO MOX~T 6wrb BOCCT~HOBJI~HO ny~e~ 'M~TFIMOP@O~~~' (senose~a B ,~epe~o, B ~M~IO, B nm3!~~~y u T.II.). 'Mesa-

i-4op003a' (= GIIHe cne~yHJuer0, Sonee KOHKP~THO~O Y~OBHR), B CBOK) 09epeLZb, COCTOllT w3 3neMenTapHhlx 'THIIOBEJX TpaHc~opMauwfi', cosepLmlouluxcR B &miYBCKOR, &wKLwiO- ~anb~o# w ap, c&pax, ~anp. 'r~pmoe - ~pmoe', '06n'ra- HA= B ropone - 06ki~amie ~a 6ono~e'. ORHOR ~3 KOHK~~T- HblX 'TpaHc~opMaqwR' 3TOl-0 pona u RBnReTCR 'XHnKoe - Tsepnoe'.

B nynmu"crto~ IIM ~a se TP~HCI#JO~M~UH~ YAT~~TCR B KOH- ue KOHUOB K~LX M~HH&CT~~~ qe~~panb~oR a~6usane~~~of ormo3mpiu 'U3MeH~ABOCTb/HeW3MeHHOCTb'. XoHKpeTusa~un w aapbwposamie 3TOR OHHB ocyuecTsnm3Tcn IIpUMeHeHneM 'cnoco60~ COBM~UEZHUR: ~'IO~-JOCOB' K pa~nuumm 'THII~M hm~e- puma', ~a ~o'ropble >TU nomca =IPO~~U~YIOTCR.'B~~KH~R~~~W~ MaTepwanbHble KOHKpeTU3aUAW El,,. - 3TO napbl FCTpaCTb/ becc~pacme', 'CBO~O~~/H~BO~FL' n T.rl., a B @¶su~ecxo~ coepe - 'nBKAteHue/Heno~BumHocTh', 'rOpR~ee/XOJ7OnHOe', HaKOHeu, 'wwnxoe (ra3006pa3~oe)/~sep~oe'; w np. Cpemw 'C~OCO~OE! COBI.WDJ~HHR ~OMJCOB', ~anpli~ep,'c~on~~ose~11R', 'rsi6p~mibx 06pa3osamR'. 'IIpOrnR~aHW~ O~HOn3 CHB03b

npyroe' u np. ecTb u 'TpaHc~op~m.Lwn, npeapaueawe oww3- L-0 B npyron I. oHHa 'TpaHc&m.laUm "mn9Koe -+ mepnoe" )? ecxb pe3yrrbTaT npHMe"eHHR 'TpaHC~OpMaqUW' (IELK 'cno- co6a') K nape "mHnKoe/Tsepaoen (KaK 'MaTepuany').

T~KMM 06pa30~, COBepWeHHO OnUHaKcmble Ii O~UHa.LKOBO OUeHUBaeme cwryaqmi npuHawemaT B JIByx ml K pa3Hm CUHOHmU~eCHHM pFLzai4, rIOzL.BO~llTCR non pasHbE KaTerOpHU u nOTOMy B HOHe~"0r.T c!gerre 3HaxaT pastloe.

(8) Y OeTa I? y nacTepHaKa WHBapUaHTHm FIBSIxeTCR MO- THB 'npomawR T~HW unf~ o~pamem~'. B lIM 060~~ IIOBTOB OH B03HAKa.eT K3.K COBMeLqeHHe nElyx npynix MOTWBCJB, Tax- xe HHBapUaHTHblX, - 'npoxb w 'mpameme, TeHb, npoetc- mm'. O~~H~~B~IOTCSI BCB ~TH cwryaim B 06oux fIM nonomi- TamHO. Ha YpOBHe JxBHHmx o,,, HHK.3XOR pa3EI114hl l"lexay n3yi-m nM, IlO--BHmiMOMy, u HeT - OHa BOSHWKaeT Jnim Ha 6onee ~~CT~~KTHOM ypo~~e - TIM, MaHw@ecTwpyeMblx 3Tm.m MOTWBaMU.

XJIA naCTepHaKa 'Tslb II 'OTpaxexne - Pa3XoBM~.HOC- TM 'KOHTaKTa' , HEQ3~y C. ‘COCeL[CTBOM’, ‘OCTZiBneHU,?M cnena ' , '3aueImeHHeM' u np., a 'LIPOx& - pa3HOBAnHOcTb 'UHTeHCUBHOrO ~BmKBHIIR', BOnnOlqamtqe~O 'BeJniKOnenAe'.

~FI UJ~T~ 're xe TPU hm~srda - M~HH@=XT~LW~ ~ehm 'B~J~KFE,

Heynoanme, ~eno~~opa~ble CY~~~KTKEH~I~ COCTORHWR'.

3.5. 062yuti ~omue pazxmz IlM &~~ynu~yemm odu~auo%o u onpedememcn npuwp~o OduHaxOBbtMU CUHOHWUU~CKUMU C8A%?RMU; pa3.flLLvu"Q XaCaMmCA JlUWb nO.nOXeXUR, 3aHwmeMO- zo W.IU B uepapxuu IIM 8 l(eno~.

Haw6onee npoc~oii cnynafl - ~orna B omio~ nM nax~btR MOTUB (w era "cocen~ CSOKY zl csepxy") pacnonarae'rc~ donee HJIA resee "B uewrpe w "a B~PUHHC?" ~ceR CTP~KTY- Pbl, a B npyr*iM 3aHmaeT nOnYBHf?HHOe PiJIM naxe neplT(le- pwiwoe MeCTo (I-m?TO "naneK0 BHU3Y H B cropolie"). ma- Ye ronoprr, ~orna BTOPOR llM BKJIKN~~T nepmil B K~Y~CTB~ CBOeR (Manori) Ye.CTU.

(9) Tax, 'nonomuTenbH0 OueHIIBaemJia BenAKOnenHbm KOHT~KT IKUIOXKIT~~~HO oue"&iBae~~~ "pas~m?' CTOPOH S~~TWR' - IIOYTU cahm,q a6c~paK~~aR Q,,, IkiC~ep~aKa. B ilM LWeTae- BOR eCTb uena.FI BeTab 'nonoxuTeJ!bHkJx KOHTaKTOB', npu- 'IeM MHOnfB KoHXpeTHble pa3HoBUnHOCTH ('ycTpeM.neHHocTb', 'cMexHocTb ' , 'conpmcoceo~erim', 'npo~mame u ap.) - Te x-2, 'ITO B m nacT&pHeKa. HO y qseTaeBoR BCe ST0 - nmm YFlCTb 60nee lL!ugoKoa - TparNYeCKOR - KapTllHbl mpa, BKnlOYammleR 'OTpauaTenbHo oqemi*aeMiae noxwble KOHTBKTH', 'owymmue WCTWHH~D( KOHTBKTOB' w ~.a.

B pexynb~a're, HeCMoTpA Ha non?loe ConepxaTenbHoe CXOJV2TB0, KOHB'IH~R ponb xxix MOTHBOB B 06qeft cmmae IIM OK~SEJB~~TCFI~ ~~~JIWZHO~.

3.6. 3a~ew. VITO rpagaumi &aelISqy TWnaMM cxo,qc*aa, paccr"loTpeH-rl BInI. 3.3-3.5 donee un&i resee OTHOCW- 'renb~bl. B npumuine HATTO He Meu~ae~ BH~CTU P~~JIIISHR aic~eiwioro xapamepa (nma 3.4, 3.5) ~enocpencme~~o B ~~p~ympcmw coo~se~c~aymwm MOTHBOB, csenn, T~KUM 06- pa30hT, ST11 cnyrraw K T&my 3.3.

iTpe~cT*mxeTcsx, onaaKo, VT0 npennoxce"H&ae TPW CTyne- HA pasnusua OTpaxamT HeKyK IIHTyIiTUBHo OYesunHylo peaJIb- HOCTb H nOTOMy mewI CMblCJI.

4. noiwmusnoe conocmaenenue mexcm*e

4.1. Y3706mU cnoc06 T~KO!TO WIIOCT~B~~HW~ ~O.IWK~S~I- BBBTCR: XaHpoM nuTepaTypHbac napomm T&n-la "nepeac ~BoM", CTpOH!+iXCSI no npw"uwny: KaX 6bl TaKBe--TO aE?ropbI Hanwca- nw ~a T~K~IO-TO HSB~CTHYIC T~MY (~anpmep, "xttun-6w y 6aayruKu cepemmin KOwmK... ")? Ecnx naponwi yniwsi, TO ma 'rem (On,,!) npenc~ae~ o6pnxe~~oR BO MHOX~CTBO xa- paKTepHblx pnF! awroIja CuTYauWR, 06pa30~ u 06opoms pe- qw Pme 1 . 3anasa COnOCTaBUTenbHOr-O OnWCaHaR TeKCTOB w3 paf3Iiblx Im - yBMaeTb B KayqOM A3 HXX "napoJw0" "a aaTopa, THmnlHO "no-cBoeMy" pa~~a6a~~~a101qero 06uy10 no- KanhHym TeMY.

nonwr~a B STOM ~.?.npasne~~~ 6bma cnena~a B XOJIKOB- CKUFI 193oc: 3necb FI KPa.THO o*epvy XOA Mhlcnn B JTOR pa- 6o~e u OCHOBH~~~ T~OP~TW~~CKW~ B~~BOW )19 gee.

4.2. Ilop~sdolc O~UCC(HU~~.

(1) BBPYTCfl CTAXcnBOpeHUfI pa3mm aBTcJpOB, UMeIoIrIHe 06uiylo AoXaJlbHyo meMy to,,,,..,), B ,mH"OM cnyxa~, - nsa cTUXoTBOpeHW54 naCTepHaKa u nsa - OKynxaBbI: nacT1: MS cyesepbcr ("Kopofim C ~pac~bm no~epa~ue~..."); nac!r2: "HnKoro me 6ymx B noMe..."; OH1 : "Mm ~yrn~o ~a xoro-m6y~b MOJIWT~CR..."; OK2 : "Tmom 3necb BC~ 3a~a~eme"o.. .".

SKCnJmlV3THO @OPMYJIMPYeTCR UK @,,,,,,,

(i) K i-ep0H) ROMOR npXCn,LWIT m6maz? (=@,,, "II nob%- HIa VynHOe MrHOBeHbe..." IlywKwHa).

a T~K;P(~ me MIIHB, 06qwe (Hnu CxonHkIe) B 060~~ nM, KOTO- pble BXOJJRT B 0614~~ me&y CO,,,) BC~X CO~OCT~BJIRI~M~~X TeXCTOB :

(ii) m6wmn ~~W~~TBO~FI~T mn repon nonomi~enb~~e x43HeHHOe Havan H OH naCCUBH0 nOKnOHRe*CR eti:

(iii) CK~OMHEJR ,uo 6e~p~oc~w 661-t - I$OH WIH ~ocwrenh BHYTP~HH~PO, ~YXOBHO~O H T.II. 6ora~c~sa;

@opMynwpyeTcn (iv) BnacT1,20Kl,2

KCJN : B CKPOMHYK) POM~~~~IO O~CT~HOBKY repot np~xonn~ JEG~HM~R - BOII~OJIVAHE~~ BEJCLU~~O *W3"e""OrO Ha.Yana.

,qanee TeP.m CTwxoTBopeHwR HauiHalOT PaCXOnMTbCR - CT"=- qana no paBHm"l IIM, a 3aTeM n no TeKCTaM.

(2) rhx%ne BC~FO, ~OPMY~U~Y~TCII 06uan 'rehm ,q~yx nac- T~~H~XOBCKWX T~KCTOB (li COoTBeTcTBeHHo - JJBYX Oxy,qxa~~~) - pe3ynbTaT comfe~em~ O~fplv2 OKI, c OaHB hmepmxa (resp. OKy,maBbl).

(v) KOM OnacTl,2 : BenMKOnenHe BMTAR II IIHT~HCIIBH~~~~ KOH-

TaXT; IIPO”IiKa”ne w2pe3 psepb e KOMHaTy K re- POM, c ee c~poiwmm &JTOM, m6m10R, BOIIJKYU~M- 4eR mm~~e xwemoe ~a~ano, CYT~ H o~puuame wenyxU.

(vi) OKI 2 0 KOM' : MWHOpHO-Monanblioe npeononeIiue T5lXBCTW XWJHW w 6ma; noKn*wsine B*~B~DEHHOMY, HO "MRl-KOMY" Yrneany - npwxonrruetl K repm xe~lqw- He; OTBOpeHUe J@epkl, Bonnonlarwee KOMnneKC no- 6pom1 EI BS~WMO~OMO~&~.

(3) ~OPMYnUPYloTcn umasnnya.mmae, cneL&uuecxue me-

n T.rL.

* * *

ioa

* * *

109

JLHTEPATYPA

Byxlu~a6, 6. 1970 ~yccltue mxwm (~~exnnrpau), 76-160 (CWT).

1976a

1976b

1977

1978

1979a

1979b

1979c

1980a

1980b

198Oc

helm), 45-93.

Xon~oec~wir, A.K. n X).K.lOernoe 1975 "K XOHF,TI,RM '~er.,a' n 'nos~a.,ec~uA Mup'", B: WY-

dm no ~x~xosm cume~a~, 7 (Tap~y), 143-167 km-n: nepes. ~:h'u.ssCan Poetics in TmnsZation 1,,3-50).

Ibrm~, K).M. 1969 "0 MeTaRSblKe T&inonO~H-4eCKNX 0nncanHii KynbTypbln',

8: 7&&x no .~xcucoem CLIOTI~ 4 (Tap~y), 460-477.

110 A.K.XOflKOBCKUO

Nilason, Nils ike 1959 "Life as Scstasy and Sacrifice. Two Poems by

Boris Pasternak", SC~~O-SLZV~C~ 5, 180-197.

9yna~os, A.R. 1972

IUerncm, h3.K. 1962

1967

1973

1979

1980

'Y~KoTo~~ 'lepm., CTP~K(TY~M ‘Me~a~opc$os’ O~wwi", B ce.: cmpymnypHo-mwlonozuut?~e uccnedosatim, (Momma), 155-166. "K ae~wropm T~KCT~M Osnwn", B: '@ydm no 3X(1Ko- mw cum 3 (Tapry), 172-179. "K O~MCPHME CTpybTy*tJ 7wmKTRBHOil liosenilbl", B: J.&y-&bow, ed., Recherches SUT Zes systdmes signifiants (The Hague), 343-372 (awn.nepe~. B: Russian Poetics in lkmslation 1, 51-77). '%pmJ "03TU9eCKOro mpa AxMaToeoR'~, tiener Sla- wistischer Almanach 3, 27-56. "Crpywypa 'Me~a.mpQos' OauumI" (pymnncb~.