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( D . S . M a r g l i o t h ) 6,zWg

06

ZyZq-[1191Y~ ''Mohammadanism''Zy&~uIZk~'h+ZKZzg9491Y~ZyZVBt&Zk[~|]ZU*mZZzgM\W@Z:)fHZzgZk!*]6,ZgZ\kHx]tsZ7g~bz7':

During the Seventeenth and eighteenth

centries a succession of remarkable Scholars

stove to restate the bases of Islamic thedagy in a

manner which broke away from the Formulism of

the orthodox manuals and laid stress upon the

psy chological and ethical elements in religion.

Among the more outstanding figures in this

morement. Which has not received the attention

it deserves, were the Syrian Abdul Ghani of

Nablus (1614-1731) and the Indians Ahmad

Sirhindi (1563-1624) and Shah Wali Ullah of

Delhi (1702-1762)

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26

2+gZZi}YfHZzgMy~z]92#732|11c4261YfHX

(Peter Hardy) y-Eg;6,zW;ge~Zq-!~|]mZY0+Zg:c*]fHZ,V:

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Zq- (Johannes M.S. Balyon) eZy t[11~6,zWm,ZZ~g

g}c1691Y~|] ''Rivistadeglistudi Orientali''ZU*mZ6,Zq-!>Zy

Religious and political Ideas of sheikh

)Zuy~IZzg(c*]( Ahmad Sirhndi tg{qHZi Dr. Bucciorelli HOgk,

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36

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Sheikh yaqub Kashmiri had introduced him

to the Kibruyaorder from which he Seems to

have im bibod much of the ''insototionist" Political

philosophy of Sayyid Ali Hamadani"

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YGEZ.{HX

|]ZU*mZzt),gvOW,xw (Marian Moley) DtMrZg+

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But before all, I would like to sutdy the

Mujaddid and his criticims for the Theories of

Lbn Arabi it is for that purpose I began to study

the kubra I Alauddaula Simnani who som 250

year carlier, like wies opposed the wahdat al

wajud and whose My stical doctrine seems nery

like that like that of the Mujaddid.

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46

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!gZq-(|]$6,ZW,Z]0X

It is difficult to estimate the exact direct and

indirect inf luence of Shaekh Ahamad on

Jahangir, but there is no doubt that the casy

going emperor was by no means the pagan

depicted by sir thomas Roe and other European

chroriclers (p263)

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~]fDXIt is not surprising therefore that shaikh

Ahmad's dodrine of phenomeno logieal monism

had such a revolutianang impaet on Indian

Islam. It rediverted its verious streams orthodox

liberal and esoteric into a single channel it

relaxed the tension between thereligious law and

my stical experience it resoloved the age hong

conflict between the sufis and the ulena uniting

tham in a single esyathesis at silidarity it is also

66

not sarprising that Shaikh Ahmad's in fluence on

Islam outside India was also quite cosiderable.

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