(International Maritime Organization, IMO)

IMOIMOIntergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization, IMCOIMCO1948317195831719591619,19751191982522IMO

IMO 1.Assembly

2. Council40

3. MSC

4. (Marine Environment Protection Committee-MEPC)

IMO

5. Facilitation Committee

6. (Technical Co-operation Committee),IMOTrieste

7. Legal Committee, 1967

8. Secretariat300IMOIMO

IMO/IMO47/

1. IMOIMO

2. 1974SOLAS2550%19692560%

3. 1/350%

IMO/ 4.

IMOIMO

IMOIMO

IMO/ 1.

1974SOLAS197819881972COLREG1978STCW1995STCW-F1979SAR1966LL19881971STP19731972CSC1976INMARSAT1977SFV1993

2. 19731978MARPOL 73/78//MARPOL1997

IMO/1969INTERVENTION19731972DUMPINGLC19961990/(OPRC)2001anti-foulingAFS2004Ballast water management

3.1969CLC197619961971FUND19761992200020031971NUCLEAR1974Athens ConventionPAL1976199020021976LLMC19961996HNS200O

IMO/

2001Athens Convention

4.1965FAL1969TM1988SUA1988

1989SALVAGE

IMO

197331IMO1975199511A

IMO 1959

40166,

SOLAS 98.79% world tonnage Load lines 98.76% MARPOL 97.55% COLREGS 97.92% STCW 98.78%

IMO

IMO 2005

Panama 3.7m 19.1 % Liberia 1.5m 7.9% Bahamas 1.0m 5.2% Greece 0.86m 4.4% Malta 0.81m 4.2% Japan 0.79m 4.1% UK 0.74m 3.8% USA 0.70m 3.6% Cyprus 0.68m 3.5% Norway 0.68m 3.5%

SOLAS

Titanic19121914SOLAS24

1912 Titanic 15001967 Tory Canyon 120 000 tonnes1978 Amoco 223 000 tonnes

1978 Argo Merchant 77 000 000 gals 1979 IXTOC I 140 000 000 gals 1980 Derbyshire 44 1987 Herald of Free

Enterprise193

1988 Piper Alpha 1671989 Exxon Valdez 11 000 000 gals 1990* Mega Borg 5 000 000 gals

1993 Braer 85 000 tonnes1994 Estonia 8521996 Sea Empress 72 000 tonnes1999 Erika 10 000 tonnes2002 Prestige 18 000 000 gals

Titanic

Estonia Estonia

Estonia Estonia

Estonia

Estonia

2006

98(M/V Alsalam Boccaccio 98)

2006

""19741966

19741966-

(International Maritime Organization, IMO)IMOIMOIMO/IMO/IMO/IMO/IMO/IMOIMOSOLASTitanic Estonia Estonia Estonia 20062006