Ind Ia n WI n d e

8/14/2019 Ind Ia n WI n d e

1/361

S e p t e m b e r 0 0 9

IndIan WInd energy

OutlOOk 00 9


2/362

C

1 . the StatuS O WInd energy In IndIa 4

Ii ow sco 5

rw e i Ii 5

Wi oi 7

S ow o wi 8

Cdm ojcs 9

t o o osic is oi is 9

. the pOlICy envIrOnment Or WInd

energy In IndIa 10

nio oic ss o wi 11

t 003 ecici ac 11

nio -i-i 11

S oicis 12

rw pooio Ss ci icis 12

-i-is 12

t o io io oic wo 12

a io rw pooio S 1

a nio -i-i 13

aiio ss 13

3. the WInd energy OutlOOk

SC e n ar I O S 14

Scios 15

rc scio 15

mo scio 15

ac scio 15

e d pojcios 15

rc d pojcio 15

e ecic d pojcio 16

rio ow 16

mi assios ps o Ii 18

gow s 18 ti cci 18

Cci co 18

Ci coss 18

Scio rss o Ii 19

rc scio 19

mo scio 20

ac scio 20

Coss bs 21

Is 21

eo 22 Co ioxi sis 22

gio coss 23

rsc bco 25

t g aosc C 25

Scio co 25

e cic s 25

Wo 26

4. InternatIOnal aCtIOn On

ClImate Change and theImplICatIOnS Or WInd energy 28

t koo pooco 29

xi mciss 29

Co s Cooi 30

Wi Cdm ojcs 32

Wi JI ojcs 33

t o os-01 i 33


3/363

Fw

IndIa has long played an Important role i wos wi

. a sis i 1990s, 005 i o io wos

o s , o siz i asi i.

I 008, Ii ws co o oi i s o o wi

, uS Ci, i ow s i o is cci wi

9,645 mW o wi ow is o 008.

a so osic ci s s i ow o Ii wi

. t Ii wi i c Szo is ow cois

o o , iio cois sis i Ii.

Ii s oi o wi . accoi o oci sis,

cos o wi soc os o 48 gW o is cci, so

xs i is is o cosi si, cooic

ios co siic ics is oi.

t osii o o wi i Ii s i i ossi

s isio, ici oic ss sc s w ooio ss

-i-is. a o, is o co io w

oic o i o o wi . tis is o is

cos oi s o o io coo.

t Ii o is c cosii iocio o io w

oic, so is o cos s i i o ow io o wi

co i sci Iis sci, ci is CO issios,

oii w o oosi cooic o.

as c s Ii Wi e Ooo, wi is, o osic

iio, ss o o is i cii oio i Ii. Wisci oiic wi i oic wos, i co o o.

Steve SaWyer

Secretary General

Global Wind Energy Council

dv gIrI

Chairman

Indian Wind Turbine Manuacturer Association


4/364

1. the StatuS O WInd e nergy I n In dIa


5/365

Ii w c

Iis i owi coo oio s o

ss icsi cici . as s,

cos is ow io cci s ics

o js 1.4 gW i 1947 o o 150 gW i 009.

t c io ix i Ii is oi co

(78.5 gW), oow (36.9 gW) s (16.4 gW).

rw socs o wi is cci o

o 13. gW.

dsi ssi cci iios, Ii o- is si o wi owi . t Iea

ics 00, 37 gW o ow io cci

wi , wic wo i iio o 16 gW

. tis is fc i Ii

o s s i is 11 i y p (007-01),

wic iss iio o 78.7 gW i is io,

50.5 gW o wic is co1).

rw e i Ii

I 1980s, Ii o sis

miis o no-Coio e Socs (mneS) o

co isicio o cos s,

sis icsi o i owi

coo. I 006, is iis ws miis o

nw rw e (mnre).

rw is owi i i Ii. Wi

is cci o 13. gW, w socs

(xci o) c cco o 9% o Iis

o ow io cci. b 01, Iio is i o x 14 gW o w

socs.

I is 10 i y p, Ii o s is

o i 3.5 gW o w socs o

io ix. I i, ow, o

ws ci. I is io, o 5.4 gW o wi

ws o io ix, s w s 1.3 gW

o o re socs. t s o io o

008-01 ws ics o 14 gW, 10.5 gW o wic o

w wi io cci.

t Ii miis o nw rw e (mnre)

sis is oi o o 90,000 mW o

ow io o i w socs i

co, ici 48,561 mW o wi ow,

14,94 mW o s o ow 6,367 mW o

ioss. I iio, oi o so is

si o os s o co o 0 mW

sq io o o, sow co wi

so cocos, wic wo o ii o657 gW o is cci.

t h e S t a t u S O W I n d e n e r g y I n I n d I a

1 ://c.ic.i/i/Cci%20ii%20%20i%2011%20%20%20%20pi%20Cii%20rvi%20i%20wi.

Source: Ministry of Power, June 2009

Gas 11%

Diesel 1%

Nuclear 3%

Hydro 25%

Renewable Energy Sources 9%

Coal 51%

ELECTRICITY GENERATION CAPACITY IN INDIA

REnEwablE EnERgy capacity additions duRing 10th/11th FivE yEaR plan

te tre 003 007Mw a 003 007Mw tre 008 01

Wiow ,00 5,46 10,500

S ho (< 5 mW) 550 537 1,400

bioss pow / Coio 75 759 1,700

bioss gsi 37 6

So pv 1

Ws o e po 70 47 400

total 3,584 6,795 14,000

Source: MNRE


6/366


wind Map oF india

Wind Power Density Map based on Data rom 11 States & 2 UTS AT 50M AGL

Source: C-WET


7/367

Wi i

t o oi o wi ow i Ii ws s si-

C o Wi e tcoo (C-Wet)

o 45 gW, ws c ics o 48.5 gW. tis

ws so o o s oci

si.

t C-Wet s ws s o cosi wi

i xcis iii mnre, wic sis

co-wi wo o 1050 wi oioi wi

i sios i 5 Ii Ss. tis o i

ossi o ssss io wi oi ii

si s o ssi wi ow o coci s,

16 si sis ii.

how, wi ss w ci o ow

is i o io cco cooic

ioio ios owi o o is

o c wi i os. a is o 55-65 s,

Ii Wi ti mcs associio (IWtma)

sis oi o wi o i Ii is

o 65-70 gW. t Wo Isi o Ssi

e, Ii (WISe) cosis wi is,

iii x soc xoio,

oi co s i s 100 gW.


wind EnERgy potEntial in india accoRding to c-wEt

se pe Mw

a ps 8,968

gj 10,645

k 11,531

k 1,171m ps 1,019

ms 4,584

Oiss 55

rjs 4,858

ti n 5,530

total 48,561


8/368

s k w wi

Wi is coii o ow si i Ii. Wi

ow cci o 4,889 mW ws i s

s, i o is cci o 10. mW o

31 mc 009, o 7.8 gW o 007.

Wi ow i Ii s coc i w ios,

sci so s o ti n, wic iis

is osiio s s wi os wi ow, wi

4.1 gW is o 008, si 44% o

Iis o wi cci.

tis is ii o c s o ss, ici

ms, gj, rjs k, Ws b,

m ps a ps s o cc ,

i w oic ss. as s, wi s c

s coscio coss co, o

cos is o i i s ss. t

Ii o iss iio o gW/ i

x s.


MW

1,077 1,167 1,407 1,702 2,125 3,000 4,430 6,270 7,845 9,645

TEN YEAR GROWTH OF INDIAN WIND MARKET CUMULATIVE CAPACITY IN MW 19992008

0

2,000

Source: IWTMA

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

20001999 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

installEd capacity by R Egion

set c

31 Mr 009Mre sre

31 Mr 009c

31 Mr 008Mre sre

31 Mr 008

rjs 738,5 7,% 538,9 6,16%

gj 1565,61 15,31% 153 14,33%

m p 1,8 ,08% 187,7 ,15%

ms 194,5 19,00% 1755,9 0,08%

a ps 1,5 1,0% 1,5 1,40%

k 1340,3 13,11% 1011,4 11,57%

ti n 4301,63 4,08% 3873,5 44,30%

total 103,5 100,00% 874,9 100,00%

Note: The Indian fnancial year runs rom 1 April 31 March


9/369

Cdm jc

Ii si i koo pooco i as 00,

ossiii o is ojcs koo

poocos C do mcis (Cdm) s

oi ici o wi o i

Ii. t oi oi o Cdm ojcs is

miis o eio oss, oowi o s

ocss io .

as o 1 as 009, 301 Ii wi ojcs w is

wi Cdm exci bo, ccoi o 5,659 mW,

sco o o Ci.

t v ici i iv

Ii s soi osic ci s, ici

o Szo, vss Wi tc rrb. I iio,

iio cois s ocio ciiis i

Ii, ici eco, vss ge w s

i gs, Sis, rg pow tc, lm gs,

WiWid, kss go Wi pow. O, oz

iio cois ow c wi is i

Ii, o i joi s ics oc-

io, s ssiiis o oi cois o s Ii

cois wi i ow coo.

O s w s, o o wi

ow is scc i ijci sii

io Ii . tis s co i

ic sco iss o is i wi. I s so

si so osic ci sco; so

oi cois ow soc o 80% o

coos o i is i Ii. t c

ocio cci o wi is c i Ii is

o 3,000-3,500 mW, ici is o osic

s w s o xo s. how, c

o is oc is i ocs,

i is s o o o ow o ccio o

io. ts o w s, i is xc

ocio cci wi is o 5,000 mW

015.

Iios oc wi is i s

xo o uSa, eo, asi, Ci bzi.

Ii co Szo, wos s ic, ois o 50% o is s i

osic . I iio, co is ow w s-

is i iio wi o Ii,

oi i 0 cois o wo si

is o ojcs i asi, no So aic

eo. Coos is so xo

vss Wi tcoois, eco, rrb e, So

Wi s Si epC. aos Ii c-

s ow ooi xo , w ics

c ci i osic .


tablE : wind cdM pRojEcts (as oF 1 august 009)

cr pre Mw

Ii 301 5,659

Ci 371 0,695

mxico 1 1,7

bzi 10 674

So ko 1 339

Cs 4 07

e 4 406

Ci 4 111

moocco 3 9

doiic ric 165

Cos ric 69

nic 60

piiis 1 33

p 1 81

mooi 1 50

Jic 1 1

Cooi 1 0

Is 1 1

ai 1 11

vi 1 30

u 1 50

Si 1 10

C v 1 8

eco 1

t 739 30,095

Source: http://www.cdmpipeline.org/cdm-projects-type.htm


10/3610

. the pOlICy envIrOnment

Or WInd energy In IndIa


11/3611

ni ic wi

Ii is i o ossi s o is s,

i co, o wic i s siic ss. how, o

ii coo gdp ow o 7-8%

, cos cici is ojc o o

i w 005 030. a o, cici

sos coo, siic o oio

s o ccss o cici . to ss is o,

Ii o s is cci iio o o

70,000 mW 01. I iio, i isc

os i o ssi s is cci ows.

t Ii os s is o w

o coi 10% o o ow io cci

4-5% ws s i cici ix

01. tis s w wo ow

s iio ow io, ccoi o

o 0% o o cci i 008-

01 i.

thE 003 ElEctRicity act

I si o is s o w o coi-

4-5% o Iis cici ix 01, co os

o io w oic. C,

ooio o ws o s i o scio o

003 ecici ac (86(1)). tis c sc Ii

cici is i ic i

cici s iiis i Ii ss sisi

S ro Coissios (SerCs) i c o si

cici is. t c so o ccss o Ii

sissio ss, owi coss o cs icici o oc.

t ecici ac so qi SerCs o s rw

pooio Ss o cici ocio i i s.

oowi is, miis o nw rw e

(mnre) iss iis o s os o c

ci io o xo, cs, wi

i o cici wi ow ojcs.

t so o wi ow i Ii ics oowi

ss:

F ee:

Concessiononimportdutyonspeciedwindturbineparts

80%accelerateddepreciationoveroneortwoyears

10yearincometaxholidayforwindpowergeneration

ojcs

Excisedutyreliefoncertaincomponents

Somestateshavealsoannouncedspecialtariffs,ranging

o rs 3-4 W, wi io o o

rs 3.50 W

Wheeling,bankingandthirdpartysales,buy-backfacility

ss

Guaranteemarketthroughaspeciedrenewableportfolio

s i so ss, s ci s cici

o w o ow cs s

Reducedwheelingchargesascomparedtoconventional

l ici:

TheMinistryofEnvironmentandForestshasissued

iis o isio o os s o o-os

oss, ic o wi io

Clearanceofleasingandforestlandforuptoaperiodof

30 s o wi os

Fici ic:

SettingupoftheIndianRenewableEnergyDevelopment

ac (Ireda), i c c o

go o Ii o oi so os o w

ojcs, ic o osio i

sco ojcs

Wi c :

ThegovernmentsetuptheCentreforWindEnergy

tcoo (C-Wet) o wi ois

TheC-WEThassetupmorethan1,000windmonitoring

wi i cs coss 5 ss Windmappingat50meters(C-WET)and60-80meters

i (i cois)

national FEEd-in-taRiFF

I J 008, mnre oc io io-

s ici sc o i coc wi ow

ojcs 49 mW, oii ici o 0.5 s

kW (0.7 eo cs) i iio o xisi s

icis. Isos wic, cs o i s siz o c

o x iii co w o cc

ciio Ico tx ac c o o is

i ici is. how, is i is oo ow o

siic ic o ojcs iii.

t h e p O l I C y e n v I r O n m e n t O r W I n d e n e r g y I n I n d I a


12/3612

s ici

REnEwablE poRtFolio standaRds and

Financial incEntivEs

I sc o io w oic, o

o 9 Ii Ss ow i qos o

w s o o 10% ioc

i is o cici oc o w

socs. I iio, s ss i sc

ci icis o w io,ici; c (i.. o cic-

i co wi w ow

oc); i i cocio soio

cs cici x xios.

FEEd-in-taRiFFs

So ss wi rw pooio Ss (rpS) o

o oicis o oo wi io, ioc

-i-is o wi io wic i

o coio cici.

t ivi ic wk

Iis os wi soc s o

i is o c o co io

w oic. C, ooio o

w i Ii is i i s o-

s, icosis iio c o

io oic is i i oss. Wi so

ss s i w ooio ss, oss o ow o o s, oc is

isci. o, wi i o, rpS -i-

is c coxis, is s o w o oi

icicis.

to oos is i w , i is ssi o

ioc c, s o- so oicis. a

o oic ss io , wic co

i coc, wo siic io

wo o w i Ii. how,

s c si o s o i

o wi xisi s ciss o o

ss i ciss.


a bRiEF coMpaRison oF wind EnERgy policiEs in kEy statEs

se

tr re

er w a r e

wee rrm

re c ee

sefe Reeepr sr

r ti n rs. 3.39 ni (ix o 5 s) 5% o i i nio oicis 10% (008-009)

13% (009-010)14% (010-011)

gj rs. 3.37 ni 4% o i i hs xcsi oic iiio o io oicis

% (008-09)

rjs rs. 4.8-4.50 rs. 0.0 o 10 s 10% o i i nio oicis 5% (008-09)

k rs.3.40 ni % o i i nio oicis % (008-09)

mps

rs. 4.03 vi ics o 0 s cs

% o i i nio oicis 5% (008-09) 6% o 009-011

Ws b rs.4.00 ni rs. 0.30 W nio oicis 8% (008-09)

k rs. 3.14 ix o 0 s ni nio oicis 5% (008-09)

ms rs. 3.50 rs. 0.15 o 15 s 7% o i i nio poicis 6% o reS (008-09)

aps

rs. 3.50 ni 5% o i i nio poicis 5% (008-09)

h ni / ni nio oicis 3% (008-009)


13/3613

a o oic ss oi ow i

ios ss o i io , so

iii o ss. I is co

s wi c i

io w ossi.

a natIonal reneWable portFolIo standard

t nio acio p o Ci C s i

008 ic oos o io w

i sc, wic wo s o nio

rw pooio S. tis oos is c

oi o i is xc oicio C ecici ro aoi, wic wo

o o ss, iss o o

009.

tis io rpS, wic wo s C

ecici ro aoi, wo co o

s xisi ooio ss s . Sc

ic io s wi ii si

cs oiio o w o 009-010

1% o % ics i o o

x 10-0 s. tis c co-xis wi xisi s

w ooio ss wic c o

o ii si i io ss

so sii, ic co so ics s

s os.

I, io rpS wo i o s

sc o w cics. I is

sc, ss wo co o oo

ocio o w ow o xc io

s. t wo ci cics o is ssow, wic wo wi o ss wic i

o i w s oiios. Sic o i-

coc cici wo ii o is sc, is

wo ic wi is.

Sc w cic sc s o c

si. t s so s cosii xisi

s o w cici io, i o wi

xisi s s . I iio, sc s

oc o iocio o io

icio cis o s ss co wi

io ooio ss c is i o

o.

a natIonal Feed-In-tarIFF

t iocio o io i i wo o

s io i icis oi so iso

coc.

a -i-i wo ioc gio bs

Icis (gbI) sc o cici o w

. I so ( o xi io o 5 s),

iso wo oio o i coos gbI o

xisi cc ciio s, wic

c i c o wi sco. how, o io

o i, cc s wi i w o os-

si oc s io icis.

addItIonal measures

a wi soc o Ii is ossss cos wi oi. tis so

o o sis o o ioio o

iii, s i o o is, cooic

ioios c.

aiisi ocs o oi w

ojcs o cc o oi ws o o

i o s o i ccs o wi

o oiis.

ls, ccssiii o ci o w

ojcs s io o s i i s

o is s o isss.



14/3614

3. the WInd energy OutlOOk SCenarIOS


15/3615

thIs Chapter outlInes three i scios o

o o wi , o o, o

Ii. t scios xi oi o wi

ow o 030, si o o

ssios wic wi ifc wi iss

xc o.

ts scios s o o i go Wi

e Ooo 008, wic ws is s coo-

io w go Wi e Coci (gWeC),

gc Iio g aosc C

(dlr). pojcios o o wi o

coi o s o o ssi ws o 050 coc dlr o g-

c eo rw e Coci (ereC).

sci

REFEREncE scEnaRio

t i scios oi o ow o

wi o wo. t os cosi

rc scio is s o ojcios i 007

Wo e Ooo o Iio e ac

(Iea). tis s io cco o xisi oicis

ss, ics ssios sc s coii

cici s o, iisio o

coss-o c oicis i

coi oio.

ModERatE scEnaRio

t m scio s io cco oicss o so w i c

o i i ss o wo. I so sss

s s cois o i ws

o wi sccss i. moo, i

sss ics iso coc i sco s

s o sccss oco o c o o ci

c oiios, wic s o ci unCCC

COp-15 i Co, d, i dc 009.

u o 01 s o is cci cos o

i ocss scios. tis is cs

i o wi is sows xc

ow o wowi s o x s s

o os o wi is coi. a 01

o o is o ic o ici.

advancEd scEnaRio

t os iios scio, avc sio

xis x o wic is is co ow i

s cs wi isio. t ssio is

oic oios i o o w , o is

o iss coios, sc,

oiic wi is o c o.

Wi i, o 01 is o ic oic, is scio is si o sow w wi

sco co ci i i w i oiic

coi co i ss i i o

wi ciss o sci o ci c. t

i ow i sco o s c os cos

ss is scio.

e jci

ts scios o o wi

s is wo ojcios o ow o

cici , o rc d pojcio

o e ecic d pojcio.

REFEREncE dEMand pRojEction

t o cosi o wo o cici

ojcios is i s o o Ieas 007 Wo

e Ooo, ici is ssios o oio

gdp ow. I s cco o oicis ss w c o o i-007, os o ic

ossi o i oic iiiis. I is ss

wi o cs i io oicis o c

ow.

t Ieas siio is i sc o w o-

oicis, Iis wi is o

537 mo i 005 o 1,99 mo i 030. ecici

iss o 478 tW i 005 o ,700 tW i 030.

t h e W I n d e n e r g y O u t l O O k S C e n a r I O S


16/3616

EnERgy EFFiciEncy dEMand pRojEction

t Ieas xcios o isi s

is oco o s o oi c o

cic sis o dlr ecos

cosc. tis s scis iios o

o xoiio o cic ss, s

o c s cic coois, i coois

c o coios

ioio i o cic.

I i, o cos, cosis i s o coss o

is, sc s sisc o ci xisi qi ci soc o o is s i, wi

is cic cic oi o is.

I o o fc s iiios, w s o

o e efcic sci o s, wic

is s o ii 80% o cic oi.

tis scio ss i icsi c

ss rc ojcio. u e

ecic d pojcio, wo c

,395 tW i 030, wic is 11% ow

rc Scio.

ri kw

a o scios o wi ow o ow

io o wo s o ios s Iea,

wi iiio i eo. o oss o

is sis, ios s eo (eu-7

s o eo), tsiio ecoois (o Soi

uio ss, o os ow o eu), noaic, li aic, Ci, Ii, pcic (ici

asi, So ko J), doi asi ( s

o asi), mi es aic.

tis ow o wo ios s s Iea i

ooi sis o Wo e Ooo icios. I

ws cos o cii coiso wi os

ojcios cs Iea ois os co-

si o sisics. a is o cois co

c o ios is sow o . 6/7.

t o wi ow cci xc o is i

c io o wo 00 030 is sow i

s o. tis sows i rc sci,

eo wo coi o oi wo .

b 030 eo wo si os 46% o o wi ow

cci, oow no aic wi 7%. t x

s io wo Ci wi 10%.

t wo o iios scios is c so

ow i ios osi eo. u mo

scio, eos s wi o 3% 030, wi

no aic coii oi 7 % jo

isios i Ci (14%), Ii (10%) doi asi

(10%). li aic (7%) pcic io (5%) wi


REgional bREak down: REFEREncE scEnaRio [gw]

EuropeTransitionEconomies

NorthAmerica

LatinAmerica

Dev. Asia(excl. S. Korea)

India

China

Middle EastAfrica OECD Pacific (incl. South Korea)

3%

3%

1%1%

8%

6%

2%

1%

26%

2%

50%

46%

1%1%10%

5%

3%2%

27%

2%

202

0

2030

0 0

eo 176 gW

tsiio ecoois 7 gW

no aic 9 gW

li aic 5 gW

d. asi (xc. S. ko) 7 gW

Ii 0 gW

Ci 7 gW

mi es gW

aic 4 gW

OeCd pcic (ic. So ko) 1 gW

0 3 0

eurOpe 7 gW

tsiio ecoois 11 gW

no aic 13 gW

li aic 8 gW

d. asi (xc. S. ko) 16 gW

Ii 7 gW

Ci 49 gW

mi es 4 gW

aic 7 gW

OeCd pcic (ic. So ko) 16 gW


17/36


18/3618

mi ai p Ii

gRowth RatEs

m ow s i s scios s o

ix o isoic s ioio oi o

ss o wi i . a ow s o

5% , s is i ac sio o

scio, i o is wic cs

qi. t wi is s xic c i

ow s i c s, ow. I s s,

ics i ci is wiow cci i Ii ws o 35%; o i

io o 000-008, i ws o 8%.

I so so o i i wi ow s

ci o si s coss o

scios, o wi ow cci is i 0

s i s s c ow s

wi s io s i s o

is ws.

ts scios ss siic owi

(ci o s o is o o

ow cis) wi c i io o 030.

I iio, wi cosi o 7,000 , i is xc

oso isios wi io o i

i, ssi icsi o wi

oi.

tuRbinE capacity

Iii wi is si owi i s oi cci xi cici o

ci w oi ow. t

cci o wi is is i Ii i 008 ws 1mW,

o js 400 W i 000. go, s is

ow i o coci s o 6 mW i cci.

W cosi ssio i Ii,

siz wi ics o os o

1.5 mW i 013, icsi o mW 030. I is ossi

is wi o o i cic,

qii w is o ci s is

cci.

I is so ss c i wi oio

ii o 0 s, wic i wi o c.

tis owi o c o o is s

io cco i scios.

capacity FactoR

Cci co s o c o is

cci i is i ic ocio wi

i o cos o . tis is ii ssss-

o wi soc i si, cci cos

so c cic o i is

siii o ic ocio. o x, 1 mWi oi 5% cci co wi i

,190 mW o cici i o .

o si cci co i Ii o o

0.5%, scio sss ios i o

wi i coo sii o wi s wi

s i s ics.

t scio ojcs cci co i Ii

wi ics o 3% 011, 5% 01 7.5%

o 06.

capital costs

t ci cos o oci wi is s si

o s 0 s s i si s

coc o - wi o wi

i s ic io, ci

ciqs oiis, ss ocio

oio s i coois o sc.

Wi s 006 o 008 s ics i

ic o w wi is o, cs isi w

i ics sos i s ci o i

coos, icios o ci cisis s

s is ws . as ci o w ojcs

c o co , ios s ci icis

w oco. I iio, csi w i ics

so i ics ow. as s, sic 008,

o i ics o 18% o is o

i i s o 0101).


1 New Energy Finance, Press release: Newly launched Wind Turbine Price Index shows an 18%decrease in contract prices or delivery in H1 2010 (29 July 2009)


19/3619


O, i c si cos o wi i -

os s siic i s cs,

is is cois s i cociis-

io s, s soo i i c o.

I Ii, i ics ws ow o

, s o ow o ocio coss. o

os o s scios, c coss o 53.5 i rs/

mW (771,000 /mW) w s si oi, s

ojc o cs o 50.0 i rs/mW 010

siiz . a s i 008 ics. t

so o is ssio, is c-

i is s o so i s o sis

ocio, sci o i sci o ocs.

ni s oi o s si oiisios

iz. I iio, icsi s o oc c-

o i coos i Ii wi so i

coss ow, s ios o o xsi s o i-

io s c iiis.

sci r Ii

a sis o go Wi e Ooo scios

sows o ocos is ossi o o

wi , s o ssios oio.

REFEREncE scEnaRio

t rc ci, wic is i o I-

io e acs Wo e Ooo 007, ss o

wi ss ow o 15.5% o 009, css o

6.5% 010, siiss 3% 016.

as s, scio oss o is

c, ci cci i Ii wo c

1.5 giws (gW), oci .5 tW . b 00,

is wi cci i Ii wo s

0.3 gW, owi o 7.3 gW 030, wi

suMMaRy oF global wind EnERgy outlook scEnaRio FoR 00

goScio

Ciwi ow

cci [mW]ecici

o [tW]

pc owo cici

[e ecic]a is

cci [mW]

ais

[ ] Jos [iio]

a CO2sis

[ CO2]

rc 35,000 864 4.1% 4,000 3.14 0.54 518

mo 709,000 1,740 8.% 8,000 89.39 1.30 1,044

ac 1,081,000 ,651 1.6% 143,000 149.35 .1 1,591

suMMaRy oF wind EnERgy outlook scEnaRio FoR 00 india

goScio

Ciwi ow

cci [mW]ecici

o [gW]

S ocici

a is

cci [mW]Is

[i rs] Jos

a CO2sis

[ CO2]

rc 0,33 40,665 .6-.8% 610 30,498 15,317 40,05

mo 63,30 16,459 8.1-8.7% 8,47 41,367 136,539 14,470

ac 134,88 69,656 17.3-18.6% 9,438 471,899 177,074 65,415

suMMaRy oF global wind EnERgy outlook scEnaRio FoR 030

goScio

Ciwi ow

cci [mW]ecici

o [tW]

pc owo cici

[e ecic]a is

cci [mW]

ais

[ ] Jos [iio]

a CO2sis

[ CO2]

rc 679 ,000 1,783 5.8% 36.6,000 47.10 0.74 1,070

mo 1,834 ,000 4,818 15.6% 100,000 104.36 1.71 ,891

ac 3,498,000 9,088 9.5% 165,000 168.14 .98 5,453

suMMaRy oF wind EnERgy outlook scEnaRio FoR 030 india

goScio

Ciwi ow

cci [mW]ecici

o [gW]

S ocici

a is

cci [mW]Is

[i rs] Jos

a CO2sis

[ CO2]

rc 7,35 65,580 .4-.7% 80 40,987 19,765 6,050

mo 14,19 341,35 1.6-14.% 6,77 338,616 14,19 3,953

ac 41,349 579,38 1.4-4.% 9,500 475,000 13,450 548,061


20/3620

cci ics o o 800 mW. di o

si os, io o wi

i Ii wo, i is scio, cs o 3.3% i 010

o .4-.7% i 030.

ModERatE scEnaRio

u m wi scio ow s

xc o ssi i rc

sio. t ss ci ow ss

0.7% o 009, css o 18% 010, cois o

o 1% 00 i i cs 5% i 05.

t s is o is c, Ii wiow cci is xc o c 13.7 gW, wi

iios o o gW. b 00,

wo ow o 8 gW, ci wi

ow cci i Ii wo c 63 gW. b 030

o o o 14 gW wo is, wi

iios i io o 6.8 gW.

I s o cici, is wo s io

16.5 tW oc wi i 00 341.3 tW

i 030. o s o wi ow i o cici

ix, is wo s io 3.6% i 010, 8.1-8.7% i 00

ics o 1.6-14.% 030.

advancEd scEnaRio

u avc wi scio, o i

xsio o o wi ow is is. t

ss ow ss 5% i 009, s o 5%

010, o 4% 016, oi ow o 5% 06. t

s is o is c, Ii cci wo

c 15.1 gW, wi iios o o

3.8 gW. b 00, cci s 134.8 gW, 030,

o wi io cci wo c 41.3 gW. t

wo siis o 10 gW.

I s o cici, is wo s io

70 tW oc wi i 00 579 tW i030. tis wo w 17.3% 18.6% o Iis

cici i 00 1.4-4.% i 030.


[ GWh ]Reference [MW]

Moderate [MW]

Advanced [MW]

[ MW ]250,000

200,000

150,000

100,000

50,000

02010 2015 2020 2025 2030

600,000

500,000

400,000

300,000

200,000

100,000

0

Reference [GWh]

Moderate [GWh]

Advanced [GWh]

CUMULATIVE CAPACITY MW AND EL ECTRICITY GENERATION GWH INDIA

cuMulativE capacity [Mw] and ElEctRicity gEnERation [gwh] indi a

yer 010 015 00 05 030

Reeree [mW] 1,495 17,119 0,33 3,571 7,35

[gW] ,491 34,38 40,665 51,856 65,580

Mere [mW] 13,741 31,436 63,30 111,43 14,19

[gW] 4,734 6,873 16,459 45,151 341,35

ae [mW] 15,070 45,991 134,88 189,104 41,349

[gW] 7,17 91,98 69,656 416,08 579,38

shaRE oF ElEctRicity dEMand india

yer 010 00 030

reerenCe

r. % 3.3% .6% .4%

e cic % 3.3% .8% .7%

mOderate

r. % 3.6% 8.1% 1.6%

e cic % 3.6% 8.7% 14.%

advanCed

r. % 3.9% 17.3% 1.4%

e cic % 3.9% 18.6% 4.%


21/3621

C bi

gi ics os o wi ow cici

wi qi cosi o is o x

0 s. a s i isi coiio o

wi wi ssi s o o ci,

cio o i oio, cooic o

ics jo cio i Ii, s oi siic

oos o Ii coo.

invEstMEnt

t i cio o isos o wi is o o cos. ts ic

ci cos o isio, iii o c,

ici i o ow o

xc o .

t is o io qi i

wi is i is scio s

ssss o sis. tis is s o

ssio o csi ci cos iow

o is cci, s xi o.

I rc ci o is i

wi ow qi i Ii s o 96.3 rs i 008

o js 43 rs i 010 o 30.5 rs 00, w

i wi o [ s 008 s]. I m

ci o is i Ii wi

ow sco cs 111 rs i 010 o 41 rs

00. I avc ci ois cs 199 rs i 010 cs o

47 rs 00. a s s io cco

o owi o is.


2010 2015 2020 2025

Reference

Moderate

Advanced

mil Rs/year Reference

Moderate

Advanced

Jobs

0

100,000,0

200,000,0

300,000,0

400,000,0

500,000,0

600,000,0

700,000,0

INVESTMENT AND EMPLOYMENT INDIA

50,00

100,00

150,00

200,00

250,00

invEstMEnt and EMployMEnt india

010 015 00 05 030

reerenCe

a isio [mW] 81 599 610 707 80

Cos i rs/mW 53.5 50.4 50.0 50.0 50.0

Is i rs/ 43,017 30,180 30,498 35,356 40,987

eo 15,535 14,095 15,317 17,049 19,765

mOderate

a isio [mW] ,096 4,795 8,47 10,660 6,77

Cos i rs/mW 53.5 50.4 50.0 50.0 50.0

Is i rs/ 111,00 41,539 41,367 53,999 338,616

eo 33,96 77,614 136,539 18,404 14,19

advanCed

a isio [mW] 3,768 7,359 9,438 1,371 9,500Cos i rs/mW 53.5 50.4 50.0 50.0 50.0

Is i rs/ 199,550 467,985 471,899 618,563 475,000

eo 57,770 141,039 177,074 3,108 13,450


22/3622

ao s s , so s

i cox o o o is i o

wi ow is, wic s s is o o

35.6 i 008 o. tis is ojc o c

150 00 i o c scio.

EMployMEnt

t o c o is scio is cci co o

wi osi is o coss s. hi o-

s c soci os coi o i

o coois o cois i wo. a

coo wic s ssi o o si si o is o o cosi cooic

ioc, i o so i oiic

cisio-i o i oios.

a o sssss o o cs o wi

ow ci o i g, d

ns. t ssio i is scio is o

w o w cci, o wi

wi c o o 15 jos o

c, coo s, wi o,

isio iic o. as ocio

ocsss oiis, is wi cs, i o 11

jos 030. I iio, o i oios

ic wo wi s wi coi

0.33 jos o w o ci cci.

u s ssios, o 400,000 wos

o i o wi sco i 008, wi

8,400 i Ii o.

u rc ci s o Ieas icios,is wo cs o js 15,500 jos i Ii

o is c i s o 00. I

m ci, cos o 34,000 o wo

o Ii wi ow sco 010,

o 136,500 00 14,000 030. t

avc ci wo s o is o

57,700 010, o 177,000 00 13,500

030.

caRbon dioxidE savings

a cio i s o co ioxi i i io

o os is os io io

o wi ow io. Co ioxi is

s sosi o -ic os

c, i o issos cosqcs o o

ci c.

a s i, o wi coo s x

oo c. t CO2 issios o

c, isio sici o

0 icc o wi i i c s o six os o oio.

t o oi o co ioxi cios is

o wic o , o coiio o s,

ics io o wi ow wi isc.

Ccios Wo e Coci sow o

co ioxi issio s o i ossi s. gi

oic o co i Iis c cici ix, i s

i i co isi.

o os o is o, w ss 1,076 CO2/W s

o co ioxi cio o

oi o wi io. O i, s o w-

is ioc io Ii ow ss

o co ow sios c wi c c

s s, is is ss o cs o 946 CO2/

W 00).

ti cco o s ssios, xc

si i CO2 wi i Ii rc

ci wo 4. iio os i 010, isio 40 iio os 00 6 iio os i 030. t

ci CO2 sis sic 1999 wo o o

469 iio os o CO2 00 99 iio os

030.

t o CO2 sis o wi wo ii

i is scio, co wi 1,79 iio os o CO2

Iea xcs Ii ow sco wi i

030.


2 Government o India, Planning Commission: Integrated Energy Policy, August 2006;Greenpeace International: Energy [R]evolution India, 2009


23/3623

u m ci, Ii wi wo

s 6.6 iio os o CO2 i 010, 14.5 iio

os o CO2 i 00, isi o 33 iio os i 030. t ci sis 00 wo

851.3 iio os o CO2, o wo scio

io o 030, is wo co o 3,56 iio os,

o is o s rc

scio.

u ac scio, CO2 sis o

wi ow wo ics o cos o 9. iio os

010, 65.4 iio os 00, 548 iio os

030. bw 1999 00, o 1,361.5 iio os

o CO2 wo s wi o. tis wo

ics o 5,580 iio os o wo scio

io o 030.

gEnERation costs

vios s o io cco wcci io coss o wi ow. t os

io o s ci cos o wi is

(s o), cos o ci (is s), wi

coiios si, ic ci o

cici . O io cos ic

oio ic (O&m) coss, ii o

i isco s wic i.

t o cos W o cici is iio

cc iscoi isi is

O&m coss o ii o wi i, iii

is cici ocio. t i cos o

io is s cc s cos o


Annual emissions reductions [ k tCO/year ]

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Reference

Moderate

Advanced

Reference

Moderate

Advanced

Cumulative emissions reductions [ k tCO/year ]

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

ANNUAL AND CUMULATIVE CO EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS INDIA

annual and cuMulativE co2 EMissions REductions india

yer 010 015 00 05 030Reeree a CO2 issios cios [ CO2] 4,00 36,841 40,05 49,064 6,050

Ci CO2 issios cios [ CO2] 118,498 81,547 468,587 700,08 99,73

Mere a CO2 issios cios [ CO2] 6,614 67,651 14,470 31,956 3,953

Ci CO2 issios cios [ CO2] 11,880 371,516 851,346 1,787,831 3,55,961

ae a CO2 issios cios [ CO2] 9,188 98,973 65,415 393,635 548,061

Ci CO2 issios cios [ CO2] 15,51 457,957 1,361,50 3,088,461 5,579,917


24/3624

ii o i, wic is o si 0 s.

I i ci coss wi i i s o

is oios wi o is i i o, w s

O&m coss wi o ow ii o

is oio ics o is o

ci.

ti s cos io cco, cos o i

cici o wi c s o oxi-

4-6 cs/W i wi s sis o

oxi 6-9 cs/W sis wi ow

wi ss3).

how, o s 15 s cic o wi

is s ioi s o qi

si, sii is. o, i c

ss oiis ocio ocsss wi c

is coss o wi is, s sci o.

ts ccios o o io cco so-c

x coss o cici ocio. I is

w socs sc s wi io-

soci s co o coio

socs sc s co, s, oi c. ts s c

s io coss o soci, wic so fc

i cos ccios o cici o. O c

i coiso o i s o ow ocio

sis. t eo Coissios exe ojc4)

si x cos o s ow io

o 1.1-3.0 cs/W o co s c s

3.5-7.7 cs/W, co o js 0.05-0.5 cs/W

o wi.

O o o is, o cos, s o ic o

co wii o ci i is io/

io icios sc s eo eissios ti

Sc (etS).

o, s ccios o o io cco

cos is o coio coois. Sic wi

os o qi , i iis is o

ic oii wic cciss o i

coois sc s s, co oi. a i ooio

coii ssi os o wi wi c

iss o i coss ci socis

xos o ic icss o ossi s. I o ii

socs i ic oii, s o

is ii oios.

I iio, oi coss o isio o co-

io ow ocio oi ossi coss

so so io cosiio. tis ios

cos sis o wi . I 007, o x,

3.9 wo o coss w oi i eo o

s o wi , is is ic o ics

o 4 0305).


3 For Europe, see European Wind Energy Association (2009): Wind Energy The Facts andEWEA: Economics o Wind Energy (2009); or China, see GWEC/CREIA/CWEA (2006): A studyon the Pricing Policy o Wind Power in China

4 http://www.externe.ino/externpr.pd5 EWEA (2008): Pure Power Wind Energy Scenarios up to 2030


25/36


26/3626

noRth aMERica

tOtal CapaCIty In m W

010 00 030Reeree er 8,000 9,000 13,000

Mere er 41,195 14,371 366,136

ae er 41,195 5,861 519,747

latin aMERica


010 00 030

Reeree er ,000 5,000 8,000

Mere er ,496 50,179 103,140

ae er ,496 100,081 01,080

aFRica


010 00 030

Reeree er 1,000 4,000 7,000

Mere er 785 10,067 0,69

ae er 887 17,606 5,03

EuRopE

tOtal CapaCIty In mW

010 00 030Reeree er 77,000 176,300 6,730

Mere er 89,7 18,464 306,491

ae er 89,13 1,63 353,015

oeCd e: asi, bi, Czc ric, d, i, c,g, gc, h, Ic, I, I, lxo, ns,now, po, po, So ric, Si, Sw, Swiz, t,ui kio

oeCd n aic: C, mxico, ui Ss

oeCd pcifc: asi, J, ko (So), nw Z

tii eci: ai, ai, azij, bs, bosi-hzoi,bi, Coi, esoi, Si moo, o ric omcoi, goi, kzs, kzs, li, lii, moo, roi,rssi, Soi, tjiis, tis, ui, uzis, Cs 1), m 1)

Ii

o vi ai: ais, bs, b, bi, Coi,

Cis tii, iji, c posi, Iosi, kiii, docic posric o ko, los, mco, msi, mis, mooi, m, n,nw Coi, pis, p nw gi, piiis, So, Sio,Sooo Iss, Si l, ti, vi, v

li aic: ai b, ai, bs, bos, biz,b, boii, bzi, Ci, Cooi, Cos ric, C, doiic, doiicric, eco, e So, c gi, g, go, g,g, hii, hos, Jic, miiq, ns ais, nic,p, p, p, S. kis-nis-ai, Si lci, S. vic gis, Si, tii too, u, vz

aic: ai, ao, bi, bosw, bi so, bi, Coo, Cv, C aic ric, C, Cooos, Coo, docic ric oCoo, Co Ioi, djioi, e, eqoi gi, ei, eioi, go,gi, g, gi, gi-biss, k, lsoo, lii, li, msc,mwi, mi, mii, miis, moocco, moziq, nii, ni,nii, rio, rw, So to pici, S, Scs, Si lo,Soi, So aic, S, Swzi, ui ric o tzi, too, tisi,u, Zi, Ziw

mi e: bi, I, Iq, Is, Jo, kwi, lo, O, Q, Siai, Si, ui a eis, y

Ci: pos ric o Ci ici ho ko

dEFinitions oF REgions in accoRdancE with iEa classiFication

1 Cyprus and Malta are allocated to the Transition Economies or statistical reasons


27/36


28/36


29/3629

t K pc

t koo pooco is iio , i

dc o 1997 s ssii pooco o ui

nios wo Coio o Ci C o 199

(unCCC). t koo pooco ss ii o

isiis cois (ax 1 cois) o c i

issios o os ss iii o 5.%

is 1990 s o io 008 01. tis s

o s is ow s s coi io. t

pooco io oc i 005.

I is cois isiiz cois sosi o isoic i o os ss i

os, oi cois o

x i coois i o o soci o-

ojcis. to, Ci, Ii o oi

cois o o qi, ii issio cio

cois o io o 008-01. how, i

ws si s coo ii

sosiii o c issios.

t o ojci o iio ci i is o

ci siisio o os s cocios i

os wo os

ooic () ic wi ci

ss. nio issios cio oiios

koo pooco o 8% o eo uio o 7%

o ui Ss, 6% o J, 0% o rssi

i icss o 8% o asi 10% o Ic.

ts s xc iio iio sii.

as o J 009, 186 cois i ooco. O

s, 38 isiiz cois (s eu s i isow i) qi o c i issios o s

sci o c o i . 145 oi

cois i ooco, ici bzi, Ci

Ii, o cio oiio. t ui

Ss is o isiiz co o o i

pooco, kzs is o o sio o

o i so , o kz

o s c si is iio o i.

FlExiblE MEchanisMs

to co ci c i os o w

issios c, i is o o cio

cos. as s koo pooco s so

oc, coisi i o cos-c-

i o ax I is o o issios cios i

o cois, o x i oi wo o o

cois w is oi o cos-ci

cios. Isiis cois o ii

o i ciss wi wic c

coo wi o is. ts Joi I-

io (JI), C do mcis (Cdm) eissios ti.

eii ti

u Iio eissios ti oisios, ax I

cois c so c assi ao uis

(aaus) o ss. ts oc o o

sis o i o issios cio s. t

issios i sc so ss is cii s s-

o osic cios.

tos is c i issios ow ow

c so o i ss owcs o

o ax I is. I is i wi

ax I is wo wi ss o aaus,

q s o s, s i s coi-

io.

Ji Ii

u Joi Iio, ax I co c is i

issios cio ojcs i o ax I co s

i o ci issios osic. tis owscois o c issios i os cos-ci w,

cis o os cios ows i ow

issios cio . mos JI ojcs xc o

c i so-c coois i siio o

coo, i rssi ui. mos o

s o siio coois sic joi eu o

i ocss o oi so, o o wi

soo co eu issios cio isio.

t cis o JI issio cios cco o i

o o eissio rcio uis (erus), wi o eru

si cio o o o o qi. ts

erus co o o os cos oo o ssi

I n t e r n a t I O n a l a C t I O n O n C l I m a t e C h a n g e a n d t h e I m p l I C a t I O n S O r W I n d e n e r g y


30/3630

issios cis, wic ss o o o

issios cis o ax I is is s.

erus wi o w o Joi Iio ojcs

oc issios cios ...iio o

wo owis occ ( so-c iio-

i qi), wic s ojc s o

i wo o ci i wi x

o eru cis. moo, ax I is o o

joi iio cis o i s o

x s o osic cios.

how, sic i is o wic cios

s, is cs is iss i cic.

C dv mci

t C do mcis ows ax I is o

o cs issios cio cis o

ojcs i oi (o-ax I) cois. Ixc, oi cois wi ccss o socs

coo o ssis i o o i coois

i ssi . t cis o Cdm

ojcs ow s ci issios cios (Cers).

ts ojcs s so qi o

iioi.

a wi i o ojcs c

Cdm, ici os ioi w ,

cic, swici, ss,

o o i ws, coo o co i

cooi issios o ci isi ss,

ici hCs nO.

Ci s iio oi Cdm . I 007

i x is s o scios o 6%.

how, Cdm ojcs is i 45 cois

unCCC ois o is is ow si

o fow io o s o wo, o o o Ii

bzi, so o aic, es eo C asi.

I 008, Cdm cco o scios wo 41),

i o i sco sisss i eu, eo

os J .

t i o Cdm ojcs o is c

o 1- s o o Cdm ii wic cois 4,000 ojcs s o

Oco 008. mo 500 ojcs ci Cers o

, o wo is o os Cers co o

isi s ojcs. rw ojcs

sow o c iio, ioos Cdm icio

oc s ciiciz o i oo sow

cso. t iioi qi i ic

s si oc sic i is ic o o

ojc wo o i wio xisc o Cers.

caRbon as a coMModity

t koo poocos os o ii ci c

s i iio co s ow

os sic io oc o pooco i

005. Wi ios, i s cosis

os o io os i o i

sco o iio ci isiios sc s

Wo b, xic so ow sic

006. t o o o issios ics o

1.6 iio os o CO2 i 006 o 4.9 iio os i 008,ci o 9 iio i 008, wi

wo co ic o 19 o o CO2).

Wi iio co s x o

ic wi i o ojc s ici-

s, i s o oi eu eissios

ti Ss (etS) Cdm.

t eu issios i sc cois o cco o

o wo is o o co o

(3.1 CO2) o qs o (67).


1 pi C: C mk mi, 2008: y i viw 12 J 2009


31/3631

O o o CO2 w 13.5 9.43). I

dc 008, eo isiios c -

o eus w ci c, wic

ics isio o eu etS. k s ic

c, ci ii, o cioi w scos

ss ic. Wi o c,

eu etS oo siic s ows o-

sii.

t Cdm ics ic o 1.6 CO2 wo

4 i 008, i i o sic 6% o

ci . t un iio scio o

ws, o 16 Oco 008, i wi eu issiosi is, wic ow o Cer cis o

s o eu . tis s io

s o Cdm s i c i is io

eu etS. I iio, w eu ci c s

oi ci o o s o Cers i eu

etS i 004).

t JI , wi si s, so s o o

i 007, oi i o o 38 mCO2 o

ii i o 36 iio. I 008, ccoi o

Wo b sisics, JI o c o

30 m CO2 i o, wi c o 00 iio.

t s si o co s i

009: cooic ow, un ci oiios

os i uS. exs ic

cooic cisis wi s i i o o co

i cii i 0095). Wi eu etS wi i

oi , o Cdm JI s i o

c c o iss, s w s ci o

sc o os-01 co s cii

issios i cois6). how, xs

i is ow wi o

is i Cdm wi ic i i .

poii ic o co is i o, co

is ow oo o ci is, osi

cooio w cois, cois iiis

sii ioio co wo-

wi. I o, s, ic o co so o o

ss ic fc ioosss o coo-wics o ax b cois. t i is, ow, o

coic, sic is o o coic

s, wic is eu etS, wi Cdm JI s

js i s. I is so o c w o C,

J asi wi i co i

s coi io; o cos, oii

cocio si o co ws ic

o c ui Ss wo ,

wic s o o o cs, s o o

s coi io.

gos oii os-01 ci

s coi o ii co s i

Cdm, i s ci Cdm wi o

cs i os-01 wo. Figure 2 sows s

o co ciios coc poi Co

o 008 o ic o co i 00.


2,3,4,5,6 C 2009 eii i ci

Annual volume [ Gt ]

Other

JI

CDM total

EU ETS total

FIG. 1: ANNUAL CONTRACT VOLUMES 20052008

0

1

2

3

4

5

2005 2006 2007 2008

Source: Point Carbon

45

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40 2008

2009

0-10 10-20 20-30 30-50 50-100 above 100

Source: Point Carbon

[ % ]

[ ]

FIG. 2: OPINION POLL: WHAT WILL BE THE COST OF CARBON IN 2020?


32/3632

Wi Cdm jc

t C do mcis s coi o

o o wi o. as o Oco 008,

o o 739 wi ojcs w i Cdm ii,

oi is cci o o 30,000 mW. tis

ss 16% o o o ojcs ioc

io ii. mo 13 iio Cers

iss o s wi ojcs, wi o

o o o 73 iio o s coi

io i 01 o ojcs c i ii.

t joi o s ojcs oc i Ci Ii.I Ci, 90% o wi ojcs i o Cdm

isio, ow 371 ojcs i Cdm

ii, i o 0 gW o cci. Ii s

301 ojcs i ii, oi o 5.6 gW.

t ii o cois wi Cdm-so wi

ojcs fcs c co c is s,

i so css css coiio o o o

wi ow, i is o s sci. I cs o

o Ii Ci co c cios osi

wi o o ss css o cois o

isi cois i ow s scos.

t sis so o cois joi is o

jo os cois o wi ow ojcs ssis

Cdm co c. how, i is c i

sosiii o is is wi ci o i-

io o oicis ss o c iio wii wic co c c is

o s io soc o i coss o

wi ow ss coio ossi s. tis is

ic cs i sc o coo-wi c

o co issios.


table 1: Cdm proJeCts In the pIpelIne (as oF 1 august 2009 )

te pre 1000 cER 01 cER 00 cER

aosio 5 134 160 13,364

aic 1 6 60 468

bios 657 40,995 194,875 477,750

bioss 30 5,84 3,1 59,86

C 3 9 167 396

CO c 68 30,61 130,358 35,85

Co /i 8 ,449 9,700 5,033

e isiio 1 1,010 3,873 10,457

ee osos 15 4,938 4,031 50,813

ee is 447 60,977 60,996 646,333

ee ow io 16 194 816 1,939

ee sic 46 17,35 31,045 177,577

ee s si 11 40,653 178,008 455,948

ossi swic 6 11,497 54,569 15,545

ii 15 3,433 16,801 43,6

go 3 8,498 479,43 1,108,036

hCs 1,4 13,38 478,083 1,510,58

ho 73 4,19 11,43 5,0,16

l s 5 4,500 118,585 74,073

nO 67 47,818 49,501 66,189

pCs 13 3,959 1,73 40,45

rosio 44 ,364 1,0 38,053

So 35 689 ,47 6,981

ti 1 315 1,104 3,631

tso 1 1,059 4,994 13,148

Wi 740 66,880 73,449 773,673

t 4,588 64,311 ,781,335 7,337,398

Source: http://www.cdmpipeline.org/publications/CDMpipeline.xls

tablE : wind cdM pRojEcts (as oF 1 august 009)

cr pre Mw

Ii 301 5,659

Ci 371 0,695

mxico 1 1,7

bzi 10 674

So ko 1 339

Cs 4 07

e 4 406

Ci 4 111

moocco 3 9

doiic ric 165

Cos ric 69

nic 60

piiis 1 33

p 1 81mooi 1 50

Jic 1 1

Cooi 1 0

Is 1 1

ai 1 11

vi 1 30

u 1 50

Si 1 10

C v 1 8

eco 1

t 739 30,095

Source: http://www.cdmpipeline.org/cdm-projects-type.htm


33/3633

Wi JI jc

t c 1 wi ojcs i JI ii,

oi is cci o 1,11.6 mW. t is o

s (300 mW) is oc i ui. O ojcs

s i bi, po, lii, esoi nw Z.

Wi JI is si i s o, cis

co s o iciis cois sc s rssi

ui o io i wi oi.

t 2012 i

t s coi io o koo pooco is coi

o i 01, oiios ow i c wi

i o i sco coi io o

os-01 io. ts oiios s o ci

COp15 i i Co i dc 009. t is is os o c co

issios o coi o 01

iio o s /o c

koo pooco is . tis s co

cocsios o o assss ro o Io-

p o Ci C, wic sow

ci c is oi s ios o.

I iio, o i sis, sc s

o o biis o o Wo b Ci

ecoois Si nicos S, ii cocs

cooic soci coss ssoci wi icsi

ics o ci c owi coss o ci

iiio o os s issios.

I bi i 007, os o oi oow-

ci i unCCC coc s ci Co i dc 009. how, s 14

os s i oss, is ow ss

o dc i.

dis oiis xc o 18,000 o i Co-

o wo ws. I iio o oios, is

ics hs o S go; eio,

e ic miiss; oss o os o

o wo ocs si siss

is, io os, sc ngOs, ios

iios os os. I is o is, ocis

sos o co wi cosi

o s o coo o o ssi .


table 3: JI proJeCts In the pIpelIne (as oF 1 august 200 9)

te pre 1000 ERu 01 ERu

aosio 0 0 0

aic 0 0 0

bios 4 410 ,099

bioss 6 ,8 10,930

C 41 1,558

CO c 1 68 1,071

Co /i 18 9,790 48,949

e isiio 9 809 4,0

ee osos 0 0 0

ee is 13 5,168 4,97

ee ow io 1,757 8,666

ee sic 0 0 0

ee s si 16 3,666 14,773

ossi swic 11 ,148 10,567

ii 36 1,396 99,53

go 0 0 0

hCs 4 ,131 8,74

ho 10 969 4,106

l s 19 ,570 1,81

nO 3 ,11 94,88

pCs 1 33 1,165

rosio 0 0 0

So 0 0 0

ti 0 0 0

tso 0 0 0

Wi 1 ,59 9,718

to 16 78,344 356,97

Source: http://cdmpipeline.org/publications/JIpipeline.xls


34/3634

e i is i o ci cisis cooic ow,

ci iss is i o .

Theneedforstrongcommitments

rioos, -ii issio cio s o

isiis cois wi s os io

oiic si os sios

o ci wo o oi ows

ssi . t iici o s

o isiis cois koo pooco

cois - cios o 5-40% ow 1990 s

00 - is oo si oi. t wo o

cos o o , ow, o s i

i wi eo uios s oic ojci o

i o is o ss C

o -isi s.

Carbonprices

I iio o cii ci ocio os, so

issio cio s css o os

ic o co i i co s. t i

so s o o so w o ows

si o co , wi xi o o

iqii o ci xi issio cios

s cos.

Wi eu etS C do mcis

wo jo ss o ,

owi oos, o o

i o is

o i ic o co.

acii ojci siic xi-

io i, i s c is

ojci, os i si

si o coo s o

cois 050, o o ss co

cois o c.

Technologytransfer

O o ii ocs o unCCC

w i ws s i 199 ws coi

isiis cois o oi o o s o ci-i coois o oi

cois. o ios oiic cooic sos is

s ic o ci i cic. mc coo

s s o is oo o

i is ic o i is ic o oicis o

unCCC.

ao issiio o ci-i coo

s ic c o wi is, i c o

coi w os i sco

i si is ojci si s o . I s

s w c, i is ossi s o o

un ss o is sjc i is.



35/36

Expandedcarbonmarkets

I si o ojci o o, sss co

, o ss so . is

oos, i is ssi ui Ss joi

o co , wic ws i c si

isiio o uS wi xcio i

wo jo o o .

Sco, si o ax b s o x

o ic os cois wic c joi

OeCd os wos coois ow o c o

xc OeCd o eu ico ci. ti,

ooss iscssio o ioi

sco ciss o Cdm i io 01.

Asectoralapproachforthepowersector

to s xi o issios-cicoo o ow io sco, gWeC

os xoi oios o o Electricity

Sector Emissions Reduction Mechanism7). t i

ccisics o is oos io sisi

oic si o issios i cici

sco o isiisi co, qii c

o io oicis ss o sis

sisi o os o i cici

sco. rcios i issios ow si wo

ii o s cis o iio

co s, o wo o

ssoci wi o i .

t s o is ss o c ojc-s

Cdm wo i s is i siici c

sco. as w s oii oi

socs o is i coisio o

sco o i isiisi co, i wo iciiz

cic s w s o issio ci

coo wio i o o o icio

ocss o ojc ojc sis.. I wo so oo

si so w c siio o o-ax I

cois i ssio o coo wi

c s i os

7 gWeC/gc Ci: a dici p mci sc eiirci aci 2009



36/36

about gwEc

global REpREsEntation FoR thE wind EnERgy sEctoR

gWeC is oic o o wi sco. gWeC is o jo io, io coi ssociios si

wi ow sco, i iio wi cois

isiios. Wi coi si o o 1,500 oisios

io i w c, ojc o, ow io,

c cosc, s w s scs, cics

ssociios, gWeCs ssociios s i wi

coi.

thE MEMbERs oF gwEc REpREsEnt:

Over1,500companies,organisationsandinstitutions

i o 70 cois

Alltheworldsmajorwindturbinemanufacturers

99%oftheworldsmorethan121GW

o is wi ow cci

global wind EnERgy council (gwEc)

rw e h

63-65 r ao

1040 bsss

bi

t: 3 100 409

: 3 546 1944

www.wc.

io@wc.

about wind powER woRks

Wi pow Wos is o ci o oo wi ow s

soio o co ci c. t ci is gWeC

c is ssociios o wo.

S www.windpowerworks.net o o i.

about iwtMa

indian wind tuRbinE ManuFactuRERs association

t Ii Wi ti mcs associio (IWtma) is oisi o si cos wi i cs,

oii si coc oi o oic s io s

, os iiis. IWtmas i ojci is o oo wi

i Ii, cii xsio o ow i

ic wi io o ois.

IWtma is oi o go Wi e Coci (gWeC),

osi o io io ssociios ici eo

Wi e associio aic Wi e associio.

IWtma is so ssoci wi isi ois i Ii, ici ICCI,

aSSOCham CII. I so s cos cooios wi eCn, rISO

eWea o eo Ii Wi e nwo (eIWen).

IWtma is s o Cois, Cocis aiso os

cosi miis o nw rw e (mnre),

CWet os, ici ci isiios i Ireda.

indian wind tuRbinE

ManuFactuRERs association

a -Opg tows

74 So hi ro

Ci 600004

Ii

t: 91+44 41 001 39

www.iiwiow.co

[email protected]

sci gWeC, gc Iio, dlr ecos

Texteditedby ai p, S Sw, dv gii, t Js,

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