Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.1 Infokommunikcis rendszerek
Infocom Systems 5. Nyilvnos tvbeszl (PSTN) hlzatok, gerinchlzatok
Telephone networks(PSTN), backbone networks Takcs Gyrgy Slide 2
Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.2 The 3 lessons in network studies
Public Switched Telephone Networks (PSTN), Integrated Service
Digital Networks (ISDN), backbone networks Mobile Networks --
Public Land Mobile Networks (PLMN) GSM, UMTS, DECT, TETRA,
Bluetooth, Globalstar, Iridium Private networks, Broadcasting
networks, Cable TV networks (CaTV) Slide 3 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013.
okt. 7.3 Slide 4 Gyorsjelents 2013. augusztus Infocom r. 5. ea.
2013. okt. 7.4 Slide 5 5 Slide 6 6 Slide 7 7 Slide 8 8 Slide 9 9
Slide 10 10 Slide 11 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.11 Slide 12
Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.12 Slide 13 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013.
okt. 7.13 Slide 14 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.14 Special
features of networks Only services can be sold on the real market!
There are not electronic communication services without networks.
You could not buy networks. You have to plan, to construct, to
operate, to develope according to the actual demands and to
eliminate at the and of service provision. Slide 15 Infocom r. 5.
ea. 2013. okt. 7.15 Basics of network components Backbone networks:
long distances, high traffic, interconnection of nodes, transport
bits of any services, high relability. Access networks: local
distances, interconnection of terminals and local nodes Network
planning: selecting topology, optimal selection of positions of
nodes, dimensioning of node traffic handling capacities,
dimensioning of link capacities, selecting technologies. Slide 16
Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.16 Slide 17 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013.
okt. 7.17 Slide 18 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.18 Slide 19
Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.19 The pan European KPNQwest
network, when complete, will connect major cities together by six
high-capacity backbone rings.KPNQwest network Slide 20 Infocom r.
5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.20 Slide 21 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.21
AOL USA BACKBONE Slide 22 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.22 Slide
23 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.23 Slide 24 Infocom r. 5. ea.
2013. okt. 7.24 Slide 25 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.25 Slide 26
Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.26 Public Switched Telephone
Networks (PSTN) Brief history Basics Network structures Network
implementation Network development trends Missing topics Slide 27
Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.27 Brief history I. 1876 A. G. Bell
Patent of telephone (50.000 phone within 3 years) 1877 T. A. Edison
patent of carbon microphone (covering long distances) 1878 Pusks
Tivadar the first telephone exchange in Connecticut 1881 Pusks
Ferenc the first telephone exchange in Budapest 1890 The first
Wien-Budapest international telephone connection 1892 The first
automatic telephone exchange in Indiana 1928 The first automatic
telephone exchange in Budapest 1997 The last manual exchange moved
to museum in Hungary Slide 28 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.28
Slide 29 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.29 Slide 30 Infocom r. 5.
ea. 2013. okt. 7.30 Brief history II. The technical level of
Hungarian PSTN networks are very high due to the fast development
from 1992-2002 From 1 million subscriber to 10 million one From
1000 manual exchange to almost fully digital network COCOM list
restriction not from our side!!! Slide 31 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013.
okt. 7.31 Basics of telephony 2/4 wire for voice Feeding of circuit
Access solutions Backbone Signalling basics for a telephone call
Source of revenues ADSL principles Slide 32 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013.
okt. 7.32 2/4 wire for voice 2 wire simplex 2 wire duplex 4 wire
simplex Slide 33 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.33 Electronic
hybrid circuit ZTZT ZgZg rr Twisted pair cable Z 0 characteristic
impedance ZT ~Z0ZT ~Z0 Slide 34 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.34
Powering of telephone sets Feeding bridge Subscriber line Local
exchange Traditional feeding bridge circuit DC line current: 20.60
mA Slide 35 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.35 Access solutions
Slide 36 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.36 Connections to the local
exchange Distribution cables Drop cables, Indoor cables Main cables
Distribution cabinets Distribution boxes Slide 37 Infocom r. 5. ea.
2013. okt. 7.37 Access network implementation Slide 38 Infocom r.
5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.38 Cable duct system implementation Slide 39
Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.39 Cable distribution cabinet
(street version) implementation Slide 40 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013.
okt. 7.40 Signalling basics for a telephone call Slide 41 Infocom
r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.41 Channel-associated signalling for a trunk
call Slide 42 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.42 Common-channel
signalling for a trunk call Slide 43 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt.
7.43 Backbone issues in a small country with dense population Fully
optical only spare radio connections Covered distance between nodes
max 100 km In Hungary the telecom traffic concentrated in Budapest
and towards Budapest (like the road traffic) Concentration of
switching capacities in higher level nodes Fault tolerant topology
is required for reliable services Slide 44 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013.
okt. 7.44 Network structures Basics MATV structures PANTEL
structures Interconnection issues Structure and numbering
Intelligent Network Concept Slide 45 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt.
7.45 Basic structures in PSTN/ISDN networks Star topology
Multipolar topology Meshed topology Ring topology Bus topology
Slide 46 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.46 STAR BUS RING MESHED
MULTIPOLAR Slide 47 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.47 MATV NETWORK
STRUCTURE Slide 48 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.48 Telephone
network structure of MATAV Secondary exchange Primary exchange
Backbone network Local exchange Subscriber Access network Inter
exchange network Slide 49 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.49 Slide
50 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.50 Slide 51 Infocom r. 5. ea.
2013. okt. 7.51 1.Layer Physical layer Optical cable 2. Layer Data
link layer IP link 3. Layer Network layer Slide 52 Infocom r. 5.
ea. 2013. okt. 7.52 Slide 53 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.53
Slide 54 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.54 PANTEL optical backbone
structures Slide 55 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.55 PANTEL
logical SDH rings Slide 56 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.56
Interconnection principles Slide 57 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt.
7.57 Interconnection principles Slide 58 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013.
okt. 7.58 Interconnection implementation Slide 59 Infocom r. 5. ea.
2013. okt. 7.59 Network structure and numbering Slide 60 Infocom r.
5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.60 Network implementation Access issues: Rural,
City, Down-town, areas, In-door cabling, Underground copper cables,
Overhead cables, ADSL, Fibre To the Curb (FTC), distribution frames
Core issues: Underground fibres, overhead fibres, Switching and
multiplexing position of nodes Traffic issues: dimensioning of
switches and links Slide 61 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.61
Access network implementation Slide 62 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt.
7.62 Costs and revenues The revenues are monthly fees and traffic
based fees Traffic density (Erlang/km2 Network costs Wireline
networks Cellular networks Slide 63 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt.
7.63 Telephone bill balance balance time Pre-paid balance time
balance time Post-paid Slide 64 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.64
Slide 65 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.65 ADSL principles ADSL
=Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Download max 8Mbit/s (usually
1,5 Mbit/s) Uplink 64-256 kbps Max covered distance 3,6 km ITU-T
G.992.x standards The frequency band separated in 3 parts:
PSTN/ISDN, uplink, downlink Data links 4,3125 kHz channels Discrete
Multi Tone (DMT) coding, 256 channels 1-5 channels for PSTN/ISDN 32
channels for uplink 218 channels for downlink Slide 66 Infocom r.
5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.66 ADSL principles PSTN/ISDN UPLINKDOWNLINK
Carrier frequencies Time frames: one octett in each frequency Slide
67 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.67 ADSL principles To ISPs Slide
68 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.68 Missing topics Telephone sets,
terminal equipment (Lecture in Nov ) Services (Lecture in Nov )
Regulation issues (Lecture in November ) Details of ADSL NGN (Next
Generation Networks in December) Network planning (optional subject
in semester 7.) Slide 69 Infocom r. 5. ea. 2013. okt. 7.69
Traditional Solutions in Services Access Transport & Switching
Networks CATV PLMN PSTN/ISDN Data/IP Networks PLMN PSTN/ISDN
Data/IP Networks CATV Services/Applications Connectivity Future
Solutions Network development trends Slide 70 Infocom r. 5. ea.
2013. okt. 7.70
