Inteligencia artificial

Star Trek

y

Jordi Delgado, Dept. LSI ( UPC)Campus Party, Valencia, 2005

Inteligencia artificial : 1956(IA)

Conferencia de Dartmouth

A.Newell H.A.Simon M.Minsky J. McCarthy

Inicios:

• W.McCulloch & W.Pitts: Redes Neuronales (1943)

• M.Minsky & D.Edmonds: SNARK (1951)• A.Newell , J.C.Shaw & H.A.Simon: GPS (1957)• J.McCarthy: Lenguaje LISP (1958)• F.Rosenblatt: Perceptron (1958)• Micromundos: STUDENT (D.Bobrow, 1967)

ANALOGY (T.Evans, 1968)ELIZA (J.Weizenbaum, 1965)

• Stanford Research Institute: Shakey (1966)

Impacto mediático IA

Star Trek TOS1967 - 1969

What are little girls made of?

"Unlike you, we humans are full of unpredictable emotions that logic cannot solve."Kirk al androide Ruk

Landru (The return of the Archons)

"Without freedom of choice, there is no creativity. Without creativity, there is no

life."Kirk a Landru

Star Trek TOS1967 - 1969

The apple

-"There's certain absolutes, Mister Spock, and one of them is the right of humanoids to a free and unchained environment: The right to have conditions which permit growth."-"Another is their right to choose a system which seems to work for them."

McCoy y Spock

A taste of armaggedon

-"A feeling is not much to go on".-"Sometimes a feeling, Mister Spock, is all we humans have to go on". Spock y Kirk

Star Trek TOS1967 - 1969

M-5 multitronic unit

(The Ultimate Computer)

Star Trek TOS1967 - 1969

The Ultimate Computer

"We're all sorry for the other guy when he loses his job to a machine, but when it comes to your job… that's different. And it always will be diferent."McCoy a Kirk

"Granted, it can work a thousand, a million times faster than the human brain, but it can't make a value judgment, it hasn't intuition, it can't think".Kirk a Dr. Richard Daystrom

• Sistemas Expertos:

Dendral: Estructura molecular(Buchanan, Feigenbaum & Lederberg, 1969)

Mycin: Infecciones en la sangre(Feigenbaum, Buchanan & Shortliffe, 1973)

• Quinta Generación: Proyecto Japonés, 1981

Knowledge Systems: 70s

Star Trek: La Película (1979)

V'Ger (Voyager 6)

"Logic and knowledge are not enough", Spock a Kirk

Redes Neuronales:Computación subsimbólica

• Perceptrons,Minsky & Papert (1969)

• Modelo de Hopfield, J.Hopfield (1982)

• Algoritmo Back-propagation, enParallel Distributed Processing,Rumelhart & McClelland (1986)

Redes Neuronales:Computación subsimbólica

Redes Neuronales:Computación subsimbólica

Redes Neuronales:Computación subsimbólica

Memoria AsociativaReconocimiento de patrones (patterns)

Robotica Humanoide

COG (R. Brooks, MIT AI Lab)

Para ver esta película, debedisponer de QuickTime™ y de

un descompresor Cinepak.

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Star Trek TNG1987 - 1993

Data y su creador, Dr. Noonien Soong

(fotos del capítulo Datalore)

Star Trek TNG1987 - 1993

The Naked Now

"And what I want now is gentleness. And joy. And love. From you, Data. You are fully functional, aren't you?"Tasha a Data

The Measure of a Man

"Are you prepared to condemn him and all who come after him to servitude and slavery? Your honor, Starfleet was founded to seek out new life. Well, there it sits, waiting. You wanted a

chance to make law. Well, here it is. Make it a good one."

Picard to Phillipa

Inteligencia Colectiva(Swarm Intelligence)

Inspirada en el comportamiento de Insectos Sociales:

Cuanto más compleja es una sociedad, más simples son sus individuos (Klaus Jaffe)

Inteligencia Colectiva(Swarm Intelligence)

Aplicaciones:

- Asignación de tareas (task allocation)- Optimización en redes de comunicaciones- Transporte cooperativo

• Swarm Intelligence: From Natural to Artificial Systems, E.Bonabeau, M.Dorigo, G.Theraulaz (1999)

• Swarm Intelligence, J.Kennedy, R.C.Eberhart (2001)

Star Trek TNG1987 - 1993

Nanites toman el control de Data(Evolution)

The Best of Both Worlds

"Strength is irrelevant. Resistance is futile. We wish to improve ourselves. We will add your biological and technological

distinctiveness to our own. Your culture will adapt to service ours."

Borg a Picard

And so on and so forth…

• Algoritmos genéticos y computación evolutiva• Arquitecturas cognitivas (SOAR)• Aprendizaje • Agentes racionales . . .

Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (2nd ed.)Stuart J. Russell & Peter Norvig, 2002Prentice Hall (existe traducción al castellano)

Machines will be capable, within twenty years, of doing any work that a man can do

H.Simon, 1965