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INTERNET

1. Definition of Internet

Internet is the global communication network that allows almost all computers

worldwide to connect and exchange information. Some of the early impetus for such a

network came from the U.S. goernment network !rpanet" starting in the #$%&s.

2. History of Internet

The history of the Internet begins with the deelopment of electronic

computers in the #$'&s. Initial concepts of packet networking originated in seeral

computer science laboratories in the United States" (reat )ritain" and *rance. The US

+epartment of +efense awarded contracts as early as the #$%&s for packet network

systems" including the deelopment of the !R,!NET -which would become the first

network to use the Internet ,rotocol. The first message was sent oer the !R,!NET

from computer science ,rofessor /eonard 0leinrock1s laboratory at Uniersity of

2alifornia" /os !ngeles -U2/! to the second network node at Stanford Research

Institute -SRI.

,acket switching networks such as !R,!NET" 3ark I at N,/ in the U0 "

242/!+ES" 3erit Network " Tymnet" and Telenet" were deeloped in the late #$%&s

and early #$5&s using a ariety of  communications protocols. The !R,!NET in

 particular led to the deelopment of protocols for internetworking" in which multiple

separate networks could be 6oined into a network of networks.

!ccess to the !R,!NET was expanded in #$7# when the National Science

*oundation -NS* funded the 2omputer Science Network  -2SNET. In #$78" the

Internet protocol suite -T2,9I, was introduced as the standard networking protocol

on the !R,!NET. In the early #$7&s the NS* funded the establishment for national

supercomputing centers at seeral uniersities" and proided interconnectiity in #$7%

with the NS*NET pro6ect" which also created network access to the supercomputer

sites in the United States from research and education organi:ations. 2ommercial

Internet serice proiders -IS,s began to emerge in the late #$7&s.

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The !R,!NET was decommissioned in #$$&. ,riate connections to the Internet by

commercial entities became widespread ;uickly" and the NS*NET was

decommissioned in #$$'" remoing the last restrictions on the use of the Internet to

carry commercial traffic.

In the #$7&s" the work of Tim )erners</ee in the United 0ingdom" on the =orld

=ide =eb" theorised the fact that protocols link hypertext documents into a working

system">#? marking the beginning the modern Internet. Since the mid<#$$&s" the

Internet has had a reolutionary impact on culture and commerce" including the rise of 

near<instant communication by electronic mail" instant messaging" oice oer Internet

,rotocol -@oI, telephone calls" two<way interactie ideo calls" and the =orld =ide

=eb with its discussion forums" blogs" social networking" and online shopping sites.

The research and education community continues to deelop and use adanced

networks such as NS*1s ery high speed )ackbone Network Serice -)NS"

Internet8" and National /ambdaRail. Increasing amounts of data are transmitted at

higher and higher speeds oer fiber optic networks operating at

#<(bit9s" #&<(bit9s" or more. The Internet1s takeoer of the global communication

landscape was almost instant in historical termsA it only communicated #B of the

information flowing through two<way telecommunications networks in the year #$$C"

already '#B by 8&&&" and more than $5B of the telecommunicated information by

8&&5.>8? Today the Internet continues to grow" drien by eer greater amounts of online

information" commerce" entertainment" and social networking.

3. Reason of Using Internet

Internet is a nice medium to connect with the entire =orld. ,eople use it as a

medium to connect with other people" sharing files" entertainment" information and

lots of other actiities that are useful and beneficial in many terms.

a. Information

,eople browse internet for information. They loe to browse arious search

engines like (oogle" 4ahoo to know about any necessary information. !lso

 people loe browsing websites like =ikipedia which is a complete

encyclopedia on internet.

 b. 2ommunication

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2ommunication is another way to use internet. ,eople connect ia each other

through arious I3 serices like (talk" Skype" and 4ahoo messenger. There

are lots of other serices through which people send messages.

c. Transfer of files

*rom office to schools" from business person to college students eeryone

send files through internet. This is an essential part of their life. These file are

send through internet. ,eople use arious mail serices like (mail"4ahoomail"

!D/" and otmail etc to send files.

d. 2urrent bu::

ItFs either latest news or *ootball match score" people loe to surf internet to

get a lie update of any news. =ebsites like Rediff" N4Times" (awker  are a

;uick news proiding websites.

e. EntertainmentThere is a ery close relation of internet to entertainment. ItFs watching ideos

in 4ouTube" playing lie games" or downloading moiesG internet proes its

domination eerywhere.

f. Internet Transactions

 Now internet can sae time and money of people. The facility is known as

internet banking facility through which people can deposit any bill" transfer

money through accounts" and make internet reserations on time from their

home.

g. Education

Dnline education is ery famous medium of study in deeloped countries and

growing in deeloping nations. @arious websites such as 0han !cademy and

*ree@ideo/ectures offer online courses to learn arious things like designing"

 programming" engineering" medical" finance and other sub6ects. This is ery

helpful medium to promote education on that place where courses are not

aailable easily.