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Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer and Information Technology Chiangrai Rajabhat University

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Page 1: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

Introduction to Computer

Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON

School of Computer and Information Technology

Chiangrai Rajabhat University

Page 2: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

The Basics – What is Information?

• Information is data processed for some purpose

• Information can only be considered to be 'real' Info if it meets certain criteria i.e.

• 1. it must be communicated to the recipient

• 2. it must be in a language that is understood

• 3. it must be in a suitable form

• 4. it must be relevant for achieving some purpose

Page 3: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

Information

Information is

any form of

communication

that provides

understandable

and useful

knowledge for

the person

receiving it.

Page 4: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

What Is A Computer?

A computer is a general

purpose, programmable

device that is used for

the production and

processing of

information

capable of calculating

and storing results

Page 5: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

What do we mean by general purpose?

Computers, however, can be used for almost any purpose :

- typewriter

- video editor

- accounts tracker

- database/address book

- DVD / CD Player

- and many others…

Page 6: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

Computers Are Programmable

Computers respond to instructions in the form of

programs

Programs are written in order to make computers

behave in specific ways i.e. word processor, systems

control

Programs are stored in the Computer memory

Page 7: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

How computers process information

Computers accept inputs (data)

The input is translated into binary numbers and

‘processed’

The process produces output (information)

This sequence can repeat endlessly: outputs can be

inputs!

Illustrating this - the ‘Black Box’ model

Page 8: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

Processing - the ‘Black Box’ model

We can think of a computer as a ‘black box’ :

Data

input process output

Information Computer

Page 9: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

Components of a Computer System

Computer Systems are made up of:

Hardware – the physical parts

Software - the instructions or programs that control the

hardware

The Human Being – the brains behind the whole

system!

Page 10: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

Computer Components

• Hardware

• Software

• Dataware

• Peopleware

• Procedureware

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Page 11: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

Computer : Hardware

• Input device

• Memory device

• Processor unit

• Output device

Reference : http://www.gr8ambitionz.com/2012/02/how-does-computer-work.html 11

Page 12: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

Hardware : Input device

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Page 13: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

Hardware : Output device

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Page 14: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

Hardware : Memory unit

1.System Memory

- ROM

- RAM

2. Storage device

- Magnetic Tape

- Floppy Disk

- Hard disk

- CD/DVD ROM

- SSD (Solid State Drive)

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Page 15: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

Hardware : Processor unit

CPU : Central Processing Unit

- carries out the instructions

of a computer program

by performing the basic

arithmetical, logical, and

input/output operations of

the system

Components of CPU : - ALU

- Register

- Control unit

Reference : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unit 15

Page 16: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

Input devices

Memory unit Memory unit

CPU

Output devices

Communication of Hardware

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Page 17: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

Example : Communication of Hardware

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Page 18: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer
Page 19: Introduction to Computer - CRRUroongrote.crru.ac.th/GEN1102.files/GE-01 Introduction to Computer... · Introduction to Computer Asst. Prof. KONLACHAN ANANTASOMBOON School of Computer

Questions

1. Explain briefly the meaning of Data and Information? 2. Why do someone state that Computer is Programmable machine? 3. What are main functions of Computer?