Introduction to Tizen Platform - SKKU ESLAB | Embedded …nyx.skku.ac.kr/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Lecture2.pdf · 2016-03-15 · Embedded Software Lab. @ SKKU • Samsung USB Driver

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Embedded Software Lab. @ SKKU

전공핵심실습1:운영체제론Lecture 2. Tizen and Tizen Native App

Sungkyunkwan University

Embedded Software Lab.

Dongkun Shin

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1. Install Tizen SDK

2. Introduction to Tizen

1. Tizen Features, History, How to Contribute

2. Native/Web Framework

3. Tizen Kernel, Tizen Graphics/UI Framework (EFL)

3. Tizen SDK

1. Tizen IDE, Emulator, Simulator, SDB


4. Tizen Native App Development

1. Hello World

Contents

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• Samsung USB Driver

1. Go to Download Page and download Samsung USB Driver

1. http://developer.samsung.com/technical-doc/view.do?v=T000000117#none

• Java SDK 8

1. Go to Java SDK 8 download web pagehttp://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

2. Check “Accept License Agreement”

3. Download “Windows x86” or “Windows x64” as your computer’s architecture is

• Tizen 2.4 SDK

1. Download Tizen SDK Installer

1. Windows x86: http://download.tizen.org/sdk/Installer/tizen-sdk-2.4-rev4/tizen-web-ide_TizenSDK_2.4.0_Rev4_windows-32.exe


• Mirror Site

– If the download speed is slow, download them from the following mirror site.

– http://nyx.skku.ac.kr/?page_id=667 ( Password: ______________ )

Download Required Programs Ahead

http://developer.samsung.com/technical-doc/view.do?v=T000000117#none

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

http://download.tizen.org/sdk/Installer/tizen-sdk-2.4-rev4/tizen-web-ide_TizenSDK_2.4.0_Rev4_windows-32.exe


http://nyx.skku.ac.kr/?page_id=667

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1. Install Samsung USB Driver

1. Go to Download Page

1. http://developer.samsung.com/technical-doc/view.do?v=T000000117#none

2. Download Samsung USB Driver

3. Install the Samsung USB Driver

Install Samsung USB Driver

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http://developer.samsung.com/technical-doc/view.do?v=T000000117#none

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2. Check Your Computer’s Architecture

1. 제어판 > 시스템 및 보안 > 시스템

2. Check if it is “x86 or x64”

3. Install Java SDK(JDK) 8

1. Go to Java SDK 8 download web pagehttp://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

2. Check “Accept License Agreement”

3. Download “Windows x86” or “Windows x64” as your computer’s architecture is

4. Execute the Java SDK Installer

Install Java SDK

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http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

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4. Install Tizen SDK 2.4

1. Download Tizen SDK Installer



2. Execute the Tizen SDK Installer

3. Change Install Location to ‘D:￦’ drive

Install Tizen 2.4 SDK

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4. Install Tizen SDK 2.4 (Cont’d)

4. Run “Tizen Update Manager”

5. Install 2.4 Mobile Packages

4. 2.4 Mobile > Emulator

5. 2.4 Mobile > Native app. development (IDE)

(It takes few minutes)

Install Tizen 2.4 SDK: Native App Development

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5. Execute “Tizen IDE-2.4”

Execute Tizen IDE-2.4

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6. Making Tizen SDK Certificate

1. Window > Preferences

2. Preferences > Tizen SDK > Security Profiles

3. Click “Add” “OK”

Making Tizen SDK Certificate

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Only in Z3 (Developer Mode)

If you want develop apps in commercial mode,install “Certificate Extension” additionally. (not covered in class)

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6. Making Tizen SDK Certificate (Cont’d)

5. Click “Generate”

6. Fill out the form and click “OK”


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6. Making Tizen SDK Certificate (Cont’d)

7. Final view


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2. Introduction to Tizen

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• Cross-category platform (Multi-profile)

– Mobile, IVI, wearable, TV, printer, camera, …

• Open Source Platform

– “Tizen” is a registered brand of “Linux Foundation”

– “Tizen Steering Group” manages Tizen project

– Many manufacturers & developers are contributing to Tizen

• Samsung, Intel, …

• 2 Application Frameworks

– Native Application (written in C and C++)

– Web Application (written in HTML5 and JavaScript)

• Enhanced UI/Graphics Framework (EFL)

– High graphic performance(60fps+)

– Optimized for low-end H/W (low memory usage)

Tizen Features

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Wearable profile-New native UI builder

-Support multi-project

packaging.

-New mobile web device

APIs

-Development language

for native has changed

-Support enlightenment

foundation libraries

Tizen 2.3 Nov.2014 Enhanced UX and APIs-New Tizen 2015 UX

-DALi for 3D graphics UI

-OpenGL ES 3.0 support

-New network connectivity

APIs

-New EOM(External Output

Manager) APIs

-Application background

policy support

-New stock applications

-Gamepad support

-HID device driver support

Tizen 2.4 Dec.2015

Linux kernel 3.10.65Support for TM1 (mobile reference

phone)

• Tizen 2.x (Now 2.4)

– Opened source code, closed development process

– Profiles: Mobile(Z1/Z3), Wearable(Gear S/Gear S2), TV, IVI

• Tizen 3.0

– Under development

– Opened source code, opened development process

– Profiles: Common, Mobile, Wearable, TV, Micro(IoT), IVI

Tizen Version History

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• Tizen 3.0 is always opened to you!

– Tizen review server: http://review.tizen.org

• Tizen Development Workflow

– Make a patch Send to reviewers Review (Vote) Accept/Reject

– (If your patch is accepted) Submit to OBS(Open Build System) Pre-release

– QA(Quality Assessment) Final Release (http://download.tizen.org/release)

How to Contribute to Tizen?

http://review.tizen.org/

http://download.tizen.org/release

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• 2 APIs: Native API, Web API

• 2 FWs: Native FW, Web FW

• Native Framework(Subsystems)

– Composed of several system projects

– Tizen-native projects

• Flora License

– Opened source code

– Can be used only in Tizen Certified Platform

• ex. app-core, WRT, system-server, …

– External open source projects

• ex. X11, Wayland, EFL, Blink, …

Tizen Architecture Diagram

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• W3C standard web APIs

– W3C/HTML5 markup, CSS, JS

• Supplementary APIs

– De-facto APIs (Khronos, Mozilla, etc.)

• Tizen Device APIs

– Allow web app to access devicesex. NFC, Bluetooth, Power Controls, …

• UI framework

– jQuery Mobile & Tizen Web UI Framework

– Tools such as widgets, events, effects, and animations

(Tizen Web Framework)

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• Tizen uses its own customized Linux Kernel

– Support only ARM and x86

• ARM (armv7, aarch64)

– Linux 3.10.y

• 3.10.65 (2016/03)

• It has full git history

• Intel (x86, x86_64)

– Linux 3.14

• Kernel Feature for Tizen

– Memory Management

• CMA (Contiguous Memory Allocator), IOMMU, dma_buf

• In order to use “physically contiguous memory”

• Some apps such as camera app requires physically contiguous memory

– extcon: external connector class

– kdbus: inter-process communication

Linux Kernel in Tizen

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Tizen Kernel Overview

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• Tizen Native App’s Graphics and UI are based on “EFL”

• EFL: Set of libraries supporting Enlightenment

– Enlightenment: a desktop window manager

– Open source

• Components are divided by functions

– Event loop: Ecore

– Rendering engine: Evas

– UI: Edje, Elementary, …

Enlightenment Foundation Library

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EFL Components

Legend

Applications EFL & fontsWindow System

H/W

Linux Kernel Frame Buffer Input Devices

H/W

fontconfigfreetype2 OpenGL ES/EGL

Eet

Evas

Ecore

Eina

Edje

Elementary

Core Applications

X Window System

InputService

Framework&

Voice Framework

kernel / Frame Buffer/ Input Devices

Graphics

ISF& Voice FW

Cairo

Elementary: UI widgets

Ecore: Core event loop & glue to other subsystems

Evas: Canvas & Rendering

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• A Set of Widgets

– Containers: Box, Conformant, Grid, Layout, Panes, Scroller, Table, …

– Non-Containers: Bg, Button, Check, Entry, Label, List, Icon, Win, ...

• Features:

– Fast, Finger friendly, Scalability, Themes

– Widget hierarchy, Dynamic language change

Elementary

<Scaled and resized relative to the screen> <Same view but different themes>

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• Various Widgets

Elementary Widgets

clock

colorselector

entry

frame

flipselectorcheck

diskselector

actionslider

bg

index

map

menuphoto, photocam

panel

toolbar

radio

bubble

slider

ctxpopup

notify

separator

segment control

multibuttonentrypanes

glview

fileselector

Label

thumb

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3. Tizen SDK

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• Tizen SDK is composed of

– IDE, Web Simulator, Emulator, Event Injector, UI Builder

– Documents, Sample applications, Remote Inspector, Localization Wizard, Project Wizard

– …

Tizen SDK

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Tizen IDE: Components

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• Based on chrome browser

• Run web app without target in order to quick/instant test

Web App Simulator

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• Emulation of physical target (currently, phone-like)

– QEMU Virtual board + Event Injector + Emulator manager (configuration)

• Better performance and portability

– Not all devices are emulated due to performance & portability

– OpenGL, Audio/Video codec acceleration

• Configurable virtual HW

Emulator

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• High performance with HW VT support

– Inter VT-x or AMD-V

– Special kernel driver needed• KVM in Linux and HAXM in Windows

Execution with HW VT acceleration

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• Hardware keyboard, screen shot, SDB, rotate, scale

• Multi touch

– Ctrl + mouse click

Menu of Emulator

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• Provide basic commands for application development– file transfer, remote shell command, port forwarding for a debugger, and viewing,

filtering, and controlling device log output

• Installation– SDB tool in “tizen-sdk/tools/sdb”

– To use the sdb commands, • be in the sdb directory

• Or add the sdb location to the environment path variable

• Learn more

Smart Development Bridge

Command Description

sdb push <local> <remote> Copy a file or directory recursively to the device's data file. Content that is generally considered suitable for children three years of age and older.

sdb pull <remote> [<local>] Copy a file or directory recursively from the device's data file.

sdb shell Run a remote shell interactively by dropping into a remote shell on an Emulator or device instance.

https://developer.tizen.org/ko/documentation/articles/smart-development-bridge

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1. Run “Emulator Manager”

2. Press “Create New VM” Button

(How to Use Tizen Emulator)

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3. You can set your own preferences of the emulator

– ex. GPU on/off, DRAM size, # Processors, …

4. Click “Confirm” button

5. Click “▶” button

6. You can see emulated Tizen phone’s screen


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7. Select your target emulator on “Connection Explorer”

8. ▶ > Run As > Tizen Native Application

9. Test your application


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4. Tizen Native App Development1) Hello World

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• Reference: #

1. Make a New Native Project

1. Right click on “Project Explorer” > New > Tizen Native Project

2. Template > MOBILE-2.4 > “Basic UI”

3. Set the project’s name and click “Finish”

4. Open “Tizen native perspective”(Click “Yes”)

Make a Hello World Project

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https://developer.tizen.org/development/getting-started/native-application/creating-your-first-tizen-application

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• inc

– basicui.h: header file

• res

• shared

– res

• basicui.png

• src

– basicui.c: source file

• lib

• tizen-manifest.xml:

Tizen Project

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2. Connect PC and your target device with USB cable

3. Select your target emulator on “Connection Explorer”

4. ▶ > Run As > Tizen Native Application

5. Test your application

Build and Install the Project!

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• UI and service applications can be packaged together

• Only one UI application, while one or more service applications

Packaging a Native Application

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• Package format and file extension

– File format: ZIP archive file format

– File extension: .tpk

• Directory hierarchy

Packaging a Native Application

App private data

App libraries

App resources

App shared resources

App executable binary

/opt

/usr

/apps

/<Package ID> /lib

/res

/shared

/data

/bin

/<Executable Name1>

/data

/res

/trusted

/<Executable Name2>

/<Executable Name3>

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• Widget package includes all the support files that are needed by the widget

– Widget is a complete standalone Web application without any additional external resources or network connectivity

(Packaging a Web Application)

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– File extension: .wgt


(Packaging a Web Application)

Configuration data

/opt

/usr

/apps

/<Package ID>

/res

/data

/bin /<Package ID>

/config.xml

/icon.png

/index.html

/wgt

/css

/js

Default icon {png|gif|ico|svg}

Default start file {html|htm|svg|xhtml|xht}

CSS source files

JavaScript files

Symbolic link to Web runtime

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– File extension: .wgt


(Packaging a Hybrid Application)

Web project root

Native resources or web content

/opt

/usr

/apps

/<Package ID>

/lib

/res

/shared

/info

/data

/bin /<Executable Name1>

/manifest.xml

/data

/res

/trusted

/<Executable Name2>

/<Package ID>

/icon.png

/index.html/wgt

/css

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• <app.h> : library for using Application API

• <Elementary.h>: library for using EFL’s elementaries

• <efl_extension.h>: Menu and Back key events for the naviframe

• <dlog.h>: send log output

Header file (basicui.h)

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• appdata_s structure contains evas objects and is used in a parameter of ui_app_main()function.

Source code file (basicui.c)

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• ui_app_lifecycle_callback_s structure contains the set of callback functions for handling application life cycle events.


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Application Lifecycle (ui_app_lifecycle_callback_s)

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• ui_app_add_event_handler() function adds the system event handler

– Events: low battery, low memory, orientation changed, language changed, region format changed


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• create_base_gui() generates elements composing the screen of application using evas objects