JAEA

-Review

JAEA-Review

2013-043

December 2013

Japan Atomic Energy Agency

Makoto HASEGAWA, Tatsuo SAITO, Tomohisa ZAITSU, Kazuhiko SATOAkihiro SAKAI and Hiromichi FUMOTO

Survey on Uranium Bearing Waste Disposal Facilities in North American Continent

Nuclear Cycle Backend Directorate

http://www.jaea.go.jp

319-1195 2 4 029-282-6387, Fax 029-282-5920, E-mail:ird-support@jaea.go.jp

This report is issued irregularly by Japan Atomic Energy Agency. Inquiries about availability and/or copyright of this report should be addressed to Intellectual Resources Section, Intellectual Resources Department, Japan Atomic Energy Agency. 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195 Japan Tel +81-29-282-6387, Fax +81-29-282-5920, E-mail:ird-support@jaea.go.jp

Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2013

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JAEA-Review 2013-043

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1 1 2

2013 10 8

22 8

9

4 (Historic waste)

1 1 2

319-1195 2-4 1 2

ii

JAEA-Review 2013-043

Survey on Uranium Bearing Waste Disposal Facilities in North American Continent

Makoto HASEGAWA, Tatsuo SAITO, Tomohisa ZAITSU+1, Kazuhiko SATO+1, Akihiro SAKAI+2 and Hiromichi FUMOTO*

Nuclear Cycle Backend Directorate Japan Atomic Energy Agency

Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken

(Received October 8, 2013)

Uranium bearing waste in Japan is not included in Category-2 radioactive waste (low level waste) disposal in NSCRG: F-RW-I.02Basic Guide for Safety Review of Category 2 Radioactive Waste Disposal(published in August 2010, NSC Japan). This guide must be revised for the disposal of uranium bearing waste. Therefore, it is thought to be effective to refer to the proven strategies of the uranium waste disposal in overseas and the information on a safe regulatory system. Since regulations and enterprises in this field are progressing day by day, renewal of the existing information on disposal of the uranium bearing waste in each country is required. Furthermore, amendment of the U.S. federal regulation aiming at safety disposal of depleted uranium is in progress. It is important to collect and classify the latest information on the two above-mentioned points.

Therefore, paying attention to the following four items, (1) "amendment of the U.S. 10CFR61": (2) "Safety evaluation of uranium bearing waste": (3) "Disposal site design": (4) "Stakeholder involvement": we visited the organization responsible for disposal and the regulatory agency of the disposal site

for uranium bearing waste in the U.S.A. and Canada, and performed facility investigations and interviews.

Keywords: Uranium Bearing Waste, U.S.A, Canada, Radioactive Waste Disposal, Performance Assessment, Near Surface Disposal Facility +1 Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center +2 Low-level Radioactive Wastes Disposal Project Center * Japan Society of Newer Metals (currently, Mitsubishi Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd.)

JAEA-Review 2013-043

iii

1. 1 2. 1 3. 1 4. 1 5. 4

5.1 4 5.1.1 4 5.1.2 4 5.1.3 6

5.2 Waste Control Specialists WCS 10 5.2.1 10 5.2.2 10 5.2.3 14

5.3 TCEQ 18 5.3.1 18 5.3.2 18 5.3.3 21

5.4 Energy Solutions ES 22 5.4.1 22 5.4.2 22 5.4.3 25

5.5 UDEQ 28 5.5.1 28 5.5.2 28 5.5.3 31

5.6 NRC 32 5.6.1 32 5.6.2 32 5.6.3 34

6. 36 38 39 41

JAEA-Review 2013-043

iv

Contents 1. Preface ................................................................................................................................................................ 1 2. Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................... 1 3. Member list ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 4. Date of visit, place and meeting participants .................................................................................................... 1 5. Review of the visit .............................................................................................................................................. 4

5.1 Canada Port Hope Project Clean-up Sites (PHAI, AECL, CNSC and Cameco llc.) ..................... 4 5.1.1 Outline .................................................................................................................................. 4 5.1.2 Discussions ........................................................................................................................... 4 5.1.3 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 6

5.2 Texas Commercial Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility (Waste Control Spcialists LLC.) ........................................................................................................................... 10

5.2.1 Outline ................................................................................................................................ 10 5.2.2 Discussions ......................................................................................................................... 10 5.2.3 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 14

5.3 Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) ................................................................ 18 5.3.1 Outline ................................................................................................................................ 18 5.3.2 Discussions ......................................................................................................................... 18 5.3.3 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 21

5.4 Utah Clive Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility (Energy Solutions Inc.) .................. 22 5.4.1 Outline ................................................................................................................................ 22 5.4.2 Discussions ........................................................................................................................... 22 5.4.3 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 25

5.5 Utah Department of Environmental Quality (UDEQ) ................................................................... 28 5.5.1 Outline ................................................................................................................................ 28 5.5.2 Discussions ......................................................................................................................... 28 5.5.3 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 31

5.6 Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) ....................................................................................... 32 5.6.1 Outline ................................................................................................................................ 32 5.6.2 Discussions ......................................................................................................................... 32 5.6.3 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 34

6. Summary of Survey Results .............................................................................................................................. 36 Acknowledgement ..................................................................................................................................................... 38 References .................................................................................................................................................................. 39 Appendix: Glossary ................................................................................................................................................... 41

JAEA-Review 2013-043

v

4.1 3 5.1.1 7 5.1.2 PHAI 7 5.1.3 8 5.1.4 8 5.1.5 9 5.1.6 Public Attitude Survey 9 5.2.1 WCS 15 5.2.2 16 5.2.3 CWF 16 5.2.4 17 5.2.5 17 5.4.1 26 5.4.2 Class A West 26 5.4.3 27 5.4.4 27 5.5.1 31

5.2.1 LLRW 15

This is a blank page.

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1

2

3

4

LLRW Waste Control Specialists WCS Energy Solutions ES NRC10CFR part61[1]

NRC

TCEQUDEQ 4.1 1-1

1 2013 3 12 09:0014:30 Port Hope Area InitiativePHAI

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(CNSC)) Don Howard, Director, Milena Kostova (AECL) PHAI) Glenn Case, Director, Walter van Veen, Director, Sandra Faught, Judy Herod, Sandy Holmes, Masato Ishiguro, Evelyn Wash, Kathy Galbraith Cameco ) Bill Koch, Director, Tom Smith )

2Cameco 2013 3 12 15:0018:00 Cameco Fuel Services Division Headquarters

Cameco ) Bill Koch, Director, Tom Smith

)

3 Waste Control Specialists (WCS ) 2013 3 13 13:0017:00 Waste Control Specialists WCS ) Scott Kirk (Vice President), Matthew Aubert (Radiation & Safety Training

Coordinator) ) )

4(TCEQ) 2013 3 15 14:0016:00 TCEQCharles W. Maguire(Director), Brad Broussard (Technical Specialist, Health

Physicist),Tonya Baer (Assistant Director) )

5 Energy Solutions (ES ) 2013 3 18 10:3015:30 ES ) Vern Rogers(Environment Manager), Curtis R. Kirk (Clive Facility QA Manager),

Tom Brown, Mike Lebaron (Green Planet Emissions & Environmental Consultants

) )

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6 UDEQ

2013 3 19 15:0017:00 UDEQ) Rusty Lundberg (Director), Phillip R. Goble (Compliance Manager) ) )

7 NRC 2013 3 21 14:0016:00 NRC DC NRC Larry Camper (Director), Aby Mohseni (Deputy Director,), Chris Mckenney

(Chief, PA Branch), Harry Felsher ( Acting Chief, LLW Branch) , Mike Lee (Sr. Project Manager), Kirk Foggie (Team Leader and Interl Relation Office)

)

4.1

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5

5.1 5.1.1

Port Hope Area InitiativePHAI 5.1.1[2]PHAI Port Granby [2] CNSC PHAI

Cameco PHAICNSC 5.1.2Cameco

5.1.2 5.1.2 1

Waste Nuclear Substance License5 500

12.8Phase 120012008 Phase 1A20082012 Phase 220122021 Phase 32021

2 1985

120 m3 5.1.3Long-Term Waste Management Facility; LTWMF13ha 15ha 190 m3

5.1.4

HDPE10-9m/sec 5.1.5 3

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LTWMF (CSA)[3]

(CCME)[4]

3 LTWMF

500 crediblemalfunctionaccident

low-probabilitymalfunctionaccident (a)(b)

(c)(d) 4 Ra-226

5 1 (a)LTWMF (b)(c)

(a)(b)(c)

Government of Canada regulatory policy 1 2 500 8,000(a)(b)ICRP publ.77[9]81[10] 82[11] 10100mSv/

4

*1[5][6] 5g/L 20g/L

*2G-320 Assessing the Long Term Safety of Radioactive Waste Management[7]Clarke (2000) [8]

(c) 1mSv/

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14 /

Project Information Exchange Citizen Liaison Group

Public Attitude Survey; PAS[12][12]2002 11 PHAI 5.1.6PAS Cameco

5.1.3

500

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5.1.1 PHAI

5.1.2 PHAI

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5.1.3

PHAI

5.1.4

PHAI

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5.1.5

PHAI

5.1.6 Public Attitude Survey PHAI

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5.2. Waste Control Specialists WCS 5.2.1 Waste Control Specialists WCS LLRW( 11.e(2)1)RCRA (, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act[13])RCRA WCS WCS WCS LLRW LLRW WCS Risk Assessment Cooperation John. Till 4-2-2 Till E E

3-2 5.2.2 1

5.2.1 WCS LLRW CWFCompact Waste FacilityDOEFWF(Federal Waste Facility)FWF FWF-NCDU: Non-Canister Disposal UnitFWF-CDU: Canister Disposal UnitFWF 1 5.2.1 CWF 2012 4 FWF 2012 9CWF FWFClass B2Class C2 [14]CWF FWF-CDU 69 m3 1 m3 FWF-NCDU 92 m3 Fernald 50 m3 Class A2 10nCi/g (370 Bq/g) 1 11.e(2) The Atomic Energy Act11e.(2)

Source Material

2 Class A, B, C 10 CFR part61.55

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2 5.2.2 Red bed 110-9cm/s 5.2.2 180 foot sandstone ( 55225 foot sandstone 69

225 foot 1.010-8cm/s 1.2610-3m/y)

3

LLRW 10CFR part 61 5m 25 feet 7.6m 45 feet 13.7m 60feet 18.3m225 foot 30m

CWF 5.2.3 3

Performance Cover System

FWF HDPE

Biobarrier Cover System

red bed Evapotranspiriation Cover System

CWF FWF

9m

4

1

[14]

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5.2.4

2

5.2.4

250Sv/y[15]WCS

LLRW 250Sv/y

1000 [15]

10 36,000 34Sv/y

2 3

100 36,000

2

LLRW LLRW

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Th-234 Pa-234m

TCEQ5.3

9m[14]

0.012mm/y

5.2.5

5

1

LLRW

2

260 4 1 AmTh [14]

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3

LLRW 100 RCRA 30 TCEQTCEQ 3

5.2.3 FWF

2

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5.2.1 WCS

Byproduct Landfill RCRA(Resource Conservation and Recovery Act) Landfill

* 1 Texas Compact * 2 * 3 * 4

* 2

(m 3 ) * 2

Bq ) U - 238 * 3 Bq /g)

CWF Texas Compact * 1

Class A, B, C 6.5E+04 1.4E+17 0.06

FWF

DOE

7.4E+05 2.1E+17 FWF - CDU ( Class A, B, C 2.3E+05 2.0E+17 800

FWF - NCDU ( ) Class A * 4 * 4 80

5.2.1 LLRW

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Class C5m7.6m13.7m

4.010-9cm/s

225Foot Zone30m

5.2.2

9m

7.6m~13.7m

18.3m

5.2.3 CWF

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50mSv/y250Sv/y

1036000

100

100010

34Sv/y 36,000 FWF-NCDUTc-99)

67Sv/y (100CWF)

5.2.4

WCS

WCS

The Hydrologic Evaluation of LandfillPerformance (HELP) Model

5.2.5

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5.3 TCEQ 5.3.1 NRC

Agreement State 10CFR part61

5.2 WCS TCEQ

TCEQ 2007 TDSHS (Texas Department of State Health Services)[16]WCS (Office of Waste Radioactive Material Division)

TCEQ (LLRW)NORM

5.3.2 1

30TAC336 Subchapter H[15]

1 LLRW Class C

(RCRALLRW (CWFFWF))

2

LLRW 100 RCRA 30 (3) 3

5m 500

20pCi/m2/sec RCRA LLRW 250Sv/

250Sv/ 250Sv/

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RCRA

4

/ 5

1,000 WCS [14] 10 TCEQ WCS 16,000 ()102

2

TCEQ 1

TCEQ pH WCS TCEQ

TCEQ WCS

WCS Tc-99 Tc-99 NRC

TCEQ

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TCEQ

95 100Sv/ NUREG-1573[17]

TCEQ 20 / 2

TCEQ TCEQ

[16] Web

3

1

13) RCRA

2

3

RCRA 30 LLRW 100

4

TCEQ TCEQ

4

1 10CFR part61 NRC

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NRC TCEQ 10CFR part61

5.3.1 NRC Agreement State

NRC TCEQ 10CFR part61 3

2 TCEQ

WCS 20 UF6 WCS WCS URENCO

5.3.3

TCEQ

WCS 16,000

() 10 RCRA LLRW

WCS

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5.4 Energy Solutions ES 5.4.1 80mile

Energy Solutions ES 5.4.1 Class A LLRW

Class A west ByproductMixed waste

VITRO VITRO Chemical Company Class A 2009 4 20,000 2009 15,000 [18]70

Class A 2010 4 R313-25-8[19]

5wt% ES Class A South

5.4.1 [20]2011 6

NRC 10CFR part61 ES Class A South

ES ES LLRW

3-4

5.4.2 1 Class A LLRW Class A West 690m780m 6.7106m3 7.41014Bq 5.4.1 Class A

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South 5.4.1 ByproductClass A South Class A South DOEClass A West

2

Class A West 23m

5.4.2 Environmental Protection Agency EPA[21] (20pCi/m2/s = 0.74Bq/m2/s ) 2 2 feet 0.6m VITRO 7 feet2.1m

3

1 ES 2011 6

[20] 70

UO3 3.6 68 1.2 Bq/g Sr-90Tc-99I-129Cs-137FPRa-226Np-237Pu-238 Pu-239Pu-240Pu-241Am-241 TRU

R313-25-8 1 250Sv/y

Sr-90Tc-99I-129Th-230Th-232Np-237U-233U-234U-235U-236U-238 500

1

200

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95% 5.4.3 2

LLRW [20]

LLRW ES

5.4.4 U-232, -233, -234, -235, -236, -238Pb-210, Rn-222, Ra-226, -228Ac-227, Th-228, -229, -230, -232, Pa-231 [20]

4

JAEA-Review 2013-043

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1

Ra-226 2 3 1 2 1

3 ES VITRO DOE

5.4.3

LLRW

NRC 10CFR part61 10nCi/g(370 Bq/g)1 1 ES ES NRC 250Sv/yNRC 5mSv/y

NRC

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VITRO

LARW

Mixed Waste

Byproduct

Class A South

5.4.1

5.4.2 Class A West

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250Sv/y

15001

5.4.3

5.4.4

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5.5 UDEQ 5.5.1

NRC Agreement State 10CFR part61 5.4 ES UDEQ (UDEQ-DRC,

Division of Radiation Control)UDEQ

UDEQ-DSHW (Division of Solid & Hazardous Waste) 5.5.2

1 UAC R-313-025

1

ClassA, B, C LLRW LLRW Class A NORM

VITRO,

2 10CFR part61 Class A

10% 3

100 (3) 4

Class C 5m 500

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40CFRpart192 20pCi/m2/sec

VITRO DOE 7 NRC 2

Class A 300pCi/g 5

/

6

UAC R313-25 1 1

UDEQ

10CFR part 61 UDEQ 2

2

UDEQ 1

UDEQ

UDEQ UDEQ

120

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25

3

1

4 UDEQ()

2 UDEC-DSHW

4

1 10CFR part61

NRC

Class A NRC

NRC UDEQ 7 NRC 3

2

UDEQ Discrete )

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( 5.5.1 )10CFR part61 (Unique Stream)

ES Final Report for the Clive DU PA Model/1 June 2011[20] UDEQ

5.5.3

UDEQ

4

ES UDEQ

5.5.1

(Energy Solutions )

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5.6 NRC 5.6.1

NRC NRC 10CFR part61

NRC 10CFR part61

10CFR part 61

4-4-1, 4-4-2, 4-4-3

5.6.2 1 10CFR part 61

10CFR part 61TRU NORM DOE

Class ABC 3 Class C NRC

100 600 300 500

1990 5 7 2 10 2000 NUREG-1573

2 10CFR part 61

1 Class A

Class A NRC 2009 3 SRM-SECY-08-0147[22]110

Class A

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3 1,000 100 10CFR part61 2NRC 2011

10CFR part61 2 2 500 5mSv/y 2012 1 10CFRpart61 SRMNRC [23] ICRP

2

3

ICRP 2 1000 1 2 2

(3)

2012 12 10CFR part61 [24]

1 1000 1

1 2 2

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1 0.25mSv/y

Inadvertent Intruder 5mSv/y

1

Inadvertent Intruder

Inadvertent Intruder

10nCi/g 10CFR part61.55 1 10 1

3

1 10% 1

1 1 10%

(4)

2013 7 2014

2017 5.6.3

10CFR part 61

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NRC

NRC

NRC

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(1) 10CFR part61 (2)

(3)(4)(5)(6)

(1) 10CFR part61 10CFR part61

2

1 1 1 NRC 10 5000-7000 1

2013 7 2014 3 2017

WCS 8

(2) TCEQ NRC

TCEQ pH WCS WCS (3)

WCS RCRA

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0.05IAEA TS-G-1.1 0.45 9Bq/g

(4)

20pCi/m2/sec Class A 250Sv/y

(5)

500

(6)

WCS LLRW

Class BC 7.6m

250Sv/y 100Sv/y

10 LLRW Class A

3m 12m EPA NRC 60cm 1m Class A

1 10

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JAEA-Review 2013-043

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[1] U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission : Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations part 61 "Licensing Requirements for Land Disposal of Radioactive Waste".

[2] Government of Canada. "Canadian National Report for the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste management", (2011).

[3] Canadian Standards Association (CSA) N292.3 08 "Management of Low and Intermediate Level Radioactive Waste".

[4] Canadian Council of Ministries of the Environment (CCME), "National Guidelines for Hazardous Waste Landfill", PN 1365.

[5] Ministry of Environment and Energy, "Water Management, Policies, Guidelines, Provincial Water Quality Objectives" (1994).

[6] Ministry of the Environment, "Technical Support Document for Ontario Drinking Water Standards, Objectives and Guidelines",(2003).

[7] G-320, "Assessing the Long Term Safety of Radioactive Waste Management". [8] Clarke, R.H. " Recommendations on Radioactive Waste Management from the International

Commission on Radiological Protection", IAEA Bulletin 42/3/2000,(2000). [9] ICRP, "Radiological Protection Policy for the Disposal of Radioactive Waste",Publication 77.

Ann. ICRP 27 (S). [10] ICRP, "Radiation protection recommendations as applied to the disposal of long-lived solid

radioactive waste",Publication 81. Ann. ICRP 28 (4),(1998). [11] ICRP, "Protection of the Public in Situations of Prolonged Radiation Exposure ", Publication 82.

Ann. ICRP 29 (1-2),(1999). [12] IntelliPulse Inc. Public Attitude Research Regarding the Port Hope Area Initiative. Port Hope

Project Wave 11, (2012). [13] United States : "Resource Conservation and Recovery Act", 42 U.S.C 6901 et seq. (1976).

[14] WASTE CONTROL SPECIALISTS LLC : "APPLICATION FOR LICENSE TO AUTHORIZE NEAR-SURFACE LAND DISPOSAL OF LOW-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE"(2007).

[15] Texas Administrative Code(TAC) : "Title 30 Rule336.Subchapter H LICENSING REQUIREMENTS FOR NEAR-SURFACE LAND DISPOSAL OF LOW-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE".

[16] TCEQ, Susan Jablonski, P.E. and Devane Clarke, TCEQ Status of Waste Management and Disposal, (2010).

[17] NUREG-1573, "A Performance Assessment Methodology for Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Facilities" U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Recommendations Performance Assessment Working Group, (2000).

[18] "Management Alert on Environmental Managements Select Strategy for Disposition of Savannah River Site Depleted Uranium Oxides, Audit Report", OAS-RA-10-07, DOE (2010).

[19] Utah Administrative Code (UAC): R313-25 "License Requirements for Land Disposal of Radioactive Waste - General Provisions".

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[20] Neptune and Company, Inc : "Final Report for the Clive DU PA Model version 1.0 " (2011). [21] 40CFR Chapter I, Subchapter F -RADIATION PROTECTION PROGRAMS Part192 "Health

and Environmental Protection Standards for Uranium and Thorium Mill Tailings". [22] STAFF REQUIREMENTS SECY-08-0147 RESPONSE TO COMMISSION ORDER

CLI-05-20 REGARDING DEPLETED URANIUM (2009). [23] STAFF REQUIREMENTS COMWDM-11-0002/COMGEA-11-0002 REVISION TO 10

CFR PART 61 (2011). [24] NOVEMBER 2012 "PRELIMINARY RULE LANGUAGE FOR PROPOSED REVISIONS TO

LOW-LEVEL WASTE DISPOSAL REQUIREMENTS (10 CFR PART 61) " [NRC-2011-0012].

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11e.(2) The Atomic Energy Act11e.(2)Source Material

(Byproduct) 11e.(2)Source material NORM

AECL Atomic Energy of Canada ltd. Agreement State The Atomic Energy Act274 NRC

Agreement Stete LLRW NRC

CCME Canadian Council of Ministries of the Environment Class A, B, C 10 CFR part61.55 CNSC Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission Compact Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act

LLRW CSA Canadian Standards Association CWF Compact Waste Facility DOE Department of Energy EPA Environmental Protection Agency ES EnergySolutions FWF Federal Waste Facility FWF-NCDU Non-Canister Disposal Unit FWF-CDU Canister Disposal Unit HDPE High Density Polyethylene LTWMF Long-Term Waste Management Facility LLRW Low Level Radioactive Waste Low-Level

Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act

Mixed waste (hazardous waste)

RCRA NORM Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission PHAI Port Hope Area Initiative RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act ()

0.05wt%(9Bq/g ) Source Material RCRA

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Source Material SRM Staff Requirements Memoranda NRC TCEQ Texas Commission on Environmental Quality TDSHS Texas Department of State Health Services UDEQ Utah Department of Environmental Quality DSHW Division of Solid & Hazardous Waste VITRO VITRO Chemical Company

WCS Waste Control Specialists

SI

1024 10-1 d1021 10-2 c1018 10-3 m1015 10-6 1012 10-9 n109 10-12 p106 10-15 f103 10-18 a102 10-21 z101 da 10-24 y

SI

SI min 1 min=60s h 1h =60 min=3600 s d 1 d=24 h=86 400 s 1=(/180) rad 1=(1/60)=(/10800) rad 1=(1/60)=(/648000) rad

ha 1ha=1hm2=104m2

Ll 1L=11=1dm3=103cm3=10-3m3

t 1t=103 kg

SISI

SI eV 1eV=1.602 176 53(14)10-19J Da 1Da=1.660 538 86(28)10-27kg u 1u=1 Da ua 1ua=1.495 978 706 91(6)1011m

SISISI

SI Ci 1 Ci=3.71010Bq R 1 R = 2.5810-4C/kg rad 1 rad=1cGy=10-2Gy rem 1 rem=1 cSv=10-2Sv 1=1 nT=10-9T 1=1 fm=10-15m 1 = 200 mg = 210-4kg Torr 1 Torr = (101 325/760) Pa atm 1 atm = 101 325 Pa

1cal=4.1858J154.1868JIT4.184J

1 =1m=10-6m

10SI

cal

(a)SI(b)radsr(c)sr(d)(e)

(f)activity referred to a radionuclideradioactivity(g)PV,2002,70,205CIPM2CI-2002

aamount concentrationsubstance concentrationb

SI

Pa s m-1 kg s-1

N m m2 kg s-2

N/m kg s-2 rad/s m m-1 s-1=s-1 rad/s2 m m-1 s-2=s-2 , W/m2 kg s-3

, J/K m2 kg s-2 K-1 J/(kg K) m2 s-2 K-1 J/kg m2 s-2 W/(m K) m kg s-3 K-1

J/m3 m-1 kg s-2

V/m m kg s-3 A-1 C/m3 m-3 sA C/m2 m-2 sA C/m2 m-2 sA F/m m-3 kg-1 s4 A2

H/m m kg s-2 A-2

J/mol m2 kg s-2 mol-1

, J/(mol K) m2 kg s-2 K-1 mol-1

C/kg kg-1 sA Gy/s m2 s-3 W/sr m4 m-2 kg s-3=m2 kg s-3

W/(m2 sr) m2 m-2 kg s-3=kg s-3 kat/m3 m-3 s-1 mol

SI

SI

m2 m3 m/s m/s2 m-1 kg/m3

kg/m2

m3/kg A/m2 A/m (a) mol/m3 kg/m3 cd/m2 (b) 1 (b) 1

SI

SI

SI

SI

() rad 1 m/m () sr(c) 1 m2/m2 Hz s-1

N m kg s-2 , Pa N/m2 m-1 kg s-2 , , J N m m2 kg s-2 W J/s m2 kg s-3 , A sC , V W/A m2 kg s-3 A-1 F C/V m-2 kg-1 s4 A2 V/A m2 kg s-3 A-2 S A/V m-2 kg-1 s3 A2

Wb Vs m2 kg s-2 A-1 T Wb/m2 kg s-2 A-1 H Wb/A m2 kg s-2 A-2 () K

lm cd sr(c) cd lx lm/m2 m-2 cd

Bq s-1, ,

Gy J/kg m2 s-2

, , ,

Sv J/kg m2 s-2

kat s-1 mol

SISI

SI bar bar=0.1MPa=100kPa=105Pa mmHg 1mmHg=133.322Pa =0.1nm=100pm=10-10m M=1852m b b=100fm2=(10-12cm)2=10-28m2

kn kn=(1852/3600)m/s Np

dB

SISI

SI

m kg s A K mol cd

SI

SI

SI erg 1 erg=10-7 J dyn 1 dyn=10-5N P 1 P=1 dyn s cm-2=0.1Pa s St 1 St =1cm2 s-1=10-4m2 s-1

sb 1 sb =1cd cm-2=104cd m-2

ph 1 ph=1cd sr cm-2 104lx Gal 1 Gal =1cm s-2=10-2ms-2

Mx 1 Mx = 1G cm2=10-8Wb G 1 G =1Mx cm-2 =10-4T Oe 1 Oe (103/4)A m-1

CGS

cCGSSI

82006