地球環境への情報通信技術の貢献Contribution of ICT for Environment on the Earth

Hiroshi ESAKI <hiroshi@wide.ad.jp> Director, Otemachi Research Center

(Professor, The University of Tokyo)

古賀先生との最初で最後の海外出張

• 2002年8月11日(日)－13日(火)– 江崎は、そのまま、San Franciscoに 成田トラン

ジット。。。。

– 機内では、古賀先生と 隣の席 でした。

– はい、飛行機の中で 飛行機の話しました。

• 2002年8月12日(月) – TEEMA主催の IPv6ワークショップ

– 台湾の 偉い方と Dinner Meeting

How we use the IP technology;

“ IP is not only for IT Section, but is also for all digital devices”

Efficiency, possibility, opportunity and global

Analogue network

電話産業電話産業

経済産業経済産業

教育教育 運輸運輸 農林水産農林水産

放送産業放送産業

電話インフラ電話

インフラ

放送インフラ放送

インフラ

Introduction of Internet

電話産業電話産業

経済産業経済産業

教育教育 運輸運輸 農林水産農林水産

放送産業放送産業

電話インフラ

インターネット

放送インフラ放送

インフラ

Introduction of Native Internet

電話産業電話産業

経済産業経済産業

教育教育 運輸運輸 農林水産農林水産

放送産業放送産業

電話インフラ

インターネット

放送インフラ放送

インフラインターネット用

インフラストラクチャ

(光ファイバなど）

Native Internet as DeFacto

電話産業電話産業

経済産業経済産業

教育教育 運輸運輸 農林水産農林水産

放送産業放送産業

電話インフラ

インターネット

インターネット用インフラストラクチャ（光ファイバ・電波・ケーブル）

インターネット用インフラストラクチャ（光ファイバ・電波・ケーブル）

電話

イン

フラ

放送

イン

フラ

Internet in 2005

電話産業電話産業

経済産業経済産業

教育教育 運輸運輸 農林水産農林水産

放送産業放送産業

インターネットインターネット

（融合された）インターネット用インフラストラクチャ（融合された）インターネット用インフラストラクチャ

Internet entering into 4th wave1st wave ： Closed Global Open Network

not only for closed system- TCP/IP as a common language

2nd wave ： IP for Everyone/Billions not only for researchers

- Scalability, Reliability & Robustness

3rd wave ： IP for E-Business not only for hobby/research

4th wave ： Broadband/Ubiquitous/Mobilenot only for computers

- Small Nodes (e.g., Sensor Networks)- Heterogeneous (Quality and Quantity)

Information processing

Information processing

Sell and buy Information(i.e., contents)

Sell and buy Information(i.e., contents)

InformationprocessingInformationprocessing

How use the (digital) information ? • Generate • Collection • Distribution• Analyze • Process• Share

Value/Worth 1. Direct income (i.e., GET money)

sell some information (e.g., contents)

2. In-direct income (i.e., SAVE money)Cost-reduction Improve efficiency

Toward a. SAVE money !!b. increase outputs !!

Sensor NetworkSensor Network

1:50

Client Server

1:1

Client Server

Sensor / Actuator Edge System

TraditionalTransactions

Web Server

100:1

ServerSensors

GPSGPS

RFIDRFID

TelematicsTelematics

Smart TagSmart Tag

POWER Everywhere

TraceabilityTraceabilityRealizationRealization

VirtualizationVirtualization

安全・安心安全・安心

ImageImage

EventEvent

SuperScaleOut

ScaleOut

ScaleUp

.001

.01

.1

1

10

100

1,000

1995 2000 2005 2010 2015Year

Storage online

In databases

All medical imagingMedical data stored

Personal multimedia

Surveillance bytes

Text data

Static Web data

Authored data

Machine-generated Data

.001

.01

.1

1

10

100

1,000

1995 2000 2005 2010 2015年

オンラインの磁気媒体

データベース

全医療関係イメージ

保存されている医療データ

個人使用のマルチメディア

監視データ

テキストデータ

静的ウェブデータ

人間が作成するデータ

機械生成データ

ギガバイト

/米国民

/年

Traffic pattern1996 : downloadingnow : symmetric 2006 : uploading

Traffic pattern1996 : downloadingnow : symmetric 2006 : uploading

1. A lot of sensor and actuator2. SNS and P2P applications

IPv6 Deployment Example: TOWN

Crime prevention systemIntelligent Navigation

One-stop admin. serviceElectronic election

Cyber libraryCyber museum

Cyber public space service

Health CareMedical Check

Recycling System

Video contentsdistribution

ElectronicCommerce

IntelligentLocation InformationService

Intelligent local government(risk management, monitoring,

data management)

LocalGovernment

Conveniencestore

home

Office

Factory

waste processing plant power

plant

Carefacilities

Hospital

PoliceStation

school

Intelligent community(BBS)

Environment Purification / Recycling

Local Energy Management(supply, storage, monitoring, saving)

Local Security Management(Prevention of crime and fire)

Local Safety Management(Location, Health Care)

Area Management System

Matsushita Electric WorksMatsushita Electric Works

Application of TCP/IP Sensor Networking

Technology to Facility Networking

Integration of IP Technology with Real-Space

TrainCar

Resident

(Mobile IPv6 RT)

PHS/WCDMA

Network

Shopping Mall, Station, Airport

Wireless LAN AP

(Mobile IPv6 RT)

IEEE 802.11b

(Mobile IPv6 RT)

IPv6 Network

IEEE 802.11b

IEEE 802.11b

FA ; Factory AutomationBA ; Building AutomationHA ; Home Automation

Wireless LAN

Network

Aircraft / AirportPromotionVideo(2004)

Example of Facility Networking with LONWORKS

「サンピエトロ大聖堂」

Dam control across the river by water departmentNew York Subway system

Green house project for agricultureElectricity metering

Home automationwith LONWORKS

未来の家プロジェクト

（北京）

無線接続を使った集合住宅のファシリティ管理（北京）

クラウドナイン

＜ネットワーク家電＞

インターネットインターネット

Building Automation with LONWORKS

「六本木ＨＩＬＬＳ」「サンピエトロ大聖堂」

「ルーブル美術館」

「ニューヨーク市学校」「大阪　ハービスENT」「MOMA」

How US DoD use IPv6 ? Global “Geospatial” Grid

X.500

GPSSatcom

MobileForce

High-OrderNet Bits

Coordinates

IPv6 Address GridMobile & Ad-Hoc Communications

MOBILE & AD-HOCCOMMUNICATIONS

IPv6 GlobalAddress Grid

Operations & SupportMicro-Electronic Addressing

I-LevelShop-LevelDepot-Level

• Near Real-timeMaintenance Data

• Eye-Level Awareness• Improved Combat Turns

• Supply Requirements• Biometrics• Deployment & Movement

• Fleet Awareness• System Automation• Supply Chain

• Just In Time Delivery

• Huge operational cost – Large energy (e.g., gas, electricity) cost– About 30% energy saving has achieved !

• Proprietary technologies – Large complex has more than 200K

monitoring and controlling points– Each systems use different technology

Let it be open TCP/IP technology (i.e., IPv6)• COP3 by United Nation

– 10%-30% energy saving

How to use the sensor networke.g., saving energy in building system

1. Improve portfolio2. Increase asset value

2469ＭＪ/㎡ｙｅａｒ

1744ＭＪ/㎡ｙｅａｒ

29.4% Reduction

Heat A/C Light Oth

Kyoto Protocol by United Nation

http://eco.goo.ne.jp/word/issue/S00061.html

③現行対策に加えてさらに約12%（1億4,800万トン）の追加排出削減が

必要

①国民運動を効果的に推進するための「チーム・マイナス6％」 キャンペーン

②政府発表の排出量見通しによると、2010年排出量は約13億1,100万トンで90年比較で6%の増加

④排出権取引市場の急速な成長

⑤省エネニーズへのますますの高まり

Team minus 6 %Team minus 6 %

Life-time cost in Building System

Life time portfolio (in office building)

Source : http://www.satobenec.co.jp/products/lcc/energy/concept/concept.html

Yearly portfolio (in office building)

Utility cost(ex., Electricity)

21%

Initial Cost

Maintenance

Repair& Renew

General and AdministrationExpenses

Construction cost

Design cost

Electricity22.4%

MaintenanceOut-sourcing

Cleaning

Repair

Depreciation and amortization

Tax for Fixed Asset

Oil,GasWater

Some interesting chat with Tokyo Denryoku• Tokyo accelerate

– Concentrating Economy and Industries – Heating Island

• Japan accepted COP3 by United Nations – Decrease CO2 discharging, around 30% – Improve energy efficiency, around 30%

• Serious accident at nuclear power plant(s) – Could not use nuclear plant………

Need energy saving system !!!! (*) not only for COP3, but also would contribute to

the improvement of their financial portfolio

Sensor Networking

空調ｻﾌﾞｺﾝ

１Ｆ１Ｆ

３Ｆ

設計事務所 大阪大学

電話回線⇒インターネット

電話回線⇒インターネット

第二別館

中央監視盤

サーバ

EMIT

LON

ｲｰｻﾈｯﾄ

EMIT

東京地区松下電工

大阪地区松下電工

６Ｆ７Ｆ

（東側）

EMIT

ｹﾞｰﾄｳｪｲ

EBI

気象ｾﾝｻ・風向風速計・温湿度計

気象ｾﾝｻ・風向風速計・温湿度計

環境ｾﾝｻ・照度計・温湿度計・CO2計

環境ｾﾝｻ・照度計・温湿度計・CO2計

空調機器・温度,流量・運転状況

空調機器・温度,流量・運転状況

中監盤データ・熱源　等

中監盤データ・熱源　等

屋上

電力量・照明器具・空調機・ｺﾝｾﾝﾄ

電力量・照明器具・空調機・ｺﾝｾﾝﾄ 約１２００ポイント

５分毎にＤＢへ蓄積

約１２００ポイント５分毎にＤＢへ蓄積

Operation at Tokyo HQ Office of Matsushita Electric Works

FreeFitLighting control unit

IcontIntegrated control module

BX(Building eXchange)Virtual IPv6 Gateway

FS (Field Server)Internet Sensor Node

NotesImprovement

2004 versus 2003312t（6.1%）CO2

Versus 2003/9-2004/8

Osaka HQ office ; 29.4%18%Electricity

Building Automation Components enabling IPv6 (now and future plan)

Shiodome HQ in Tokyo

(*) In 1990, based on the Kyoto Protocol (COP3) by UN (United Nation), Japan targets and mandates 6% improvement to prevent and improve the greenhouse effect, e.g., reduction of CO2.

Even with a lot of glass windows !!!

Facility management at Tokyo Metropolitan Office

IPv6 based P2P control of facilities- Status of elevators, AC or ventilators, movement of guests in the museum, temperature of rooms, surveillance camera images may be monitored in a facility management center.

- Shared use of networks among IP phone, Internet access and facility management.- Cost reduction- Where experts’ analysis of data on the number of guests in respective rooms and temperatures are available, it is possible to minimize energy consumption.

IPv6 based P2P control of facilitiesIPv6 based P2P control of facilities- Status of elevators, AC or ventilators, movement of guests in the museum, temperature of rooms, surveillance camera images may be monitored in a facility management center.

- Shared use of networks among IP phone, Internet access and facility management.- Cost reduction- Where experts’ analysis of data on the number of guests in respective rooms and temperatures are available, it is possible to minimize energy consumption.

Theater

Museum

Surveillance camera

Vendor C

Vendor B

vendor A

museum

Total energyfluctuations

Weather data

Centralized control/Remote maintenance

theater

Number of guests

Meteorological data Analysis of data by experts

Energy Energy consumption consumption analysisanalysis

Building facility management system

TV phone

Minimize energy usage Minimize energy usage based on analysis of based on analysis of facility datafacility data

Rationalizing dayRationalizing day--toto--day day management of facilities management of facilities using remote maintenanceusing remote maintenance

Facility management center

Thermometers

Status of elevators

Obtain Obtain facility facility datadata

Entry sensor

IPv6 Internet

Secure access control

Centralized facility management system

m2m-xaccess control server

7,000 Family Mart Stores enable IPv6

Released in August 2006

7,000 stores in nation-wide Japan

• Installation starting from February 2007• 80 stores installation per day • Multicasting service• ISDN Broadband Internet with B-Flets

Building MngmntSystem

Building MngmntSystem

Remote MngmntCenter

Remote MngmntCenter

Voltagechange

Voltagechange

Heatcntrl

Heatcntrl

HygeineHygeineElevatorElevator Air

cntrlAir

cntrl LightsLights TETE In/OuthumanIn/Outhuman

SurveillanceSurveillance FireAlarmFire

AlarmHatchGate

HatchGate

LegacyBAS

LegacyBAS OthersOthers Remote

BASRemote

BAS

Shared facility

Shared facility

Each AreasEach Areas SecuritySecurity Disaster

controlDisastercontrol

LegacyAssets LegacyAssets OthersOthers WANWAN

Mng.

Mng.

Monitor

Monitor

Field Control

Field Control

Integrated C

ontrolIntegrated C

ontrol

Data-Ware Center

Data-Ware Center

ManagementCenter

ManagementCenter

Building Automation Business; - Efficient facility and asset operation

YAMATAKE Corporation, www.yamatake.comRemote Management CenterBA ASP Service

MaintenanceSupporting

Other BAS

(With IPv6）

RF-ID GatesFingerPrint GateKey management box

Heating Control

DDCSensor andActuator

IP BAS

ControllerBy users

BOSS-24

Savic-netＦＸ

Savic-net ＥＶ　

PARAMATRIX

ＡＣＴＩＶＡＬ

Fume-Hood Dumper

BAS Network

TM

TM

TM

TM

SmartScreenTM

TM

BESTMANTM

In f ilex

TMID SMART

TM

BA Server

Building-ScopeData-mngmnt Support

TM

Internet

FNIC; Facility Networking Interoperability Consortium

• Facility Networking includes; – DNS & Directory Service (including ad-hoc

operation)– Management Objective, e.g., XML, SORP– Communication Protocol, e.g., DLNA, LonWorks,

BACnet, Upnp, oBIX– Transport Protocol, e.g., IP – Data Link Protocol, e.g., WiMAX, ZigBee– PKI/IKE Protocol for security

Just open the FNIC Lab. [Founders]Keio Univ.Univ.of TokyoWIDE ProjectYokogawaEchelonPanasonic(MEW)Shimizu NTT Data NTT East NTT FacilitiesYamatakeToshiba Daidan NTT Comm.IRI UbiteqFurukawa Intec NetcoreJohnson ControlSemens Bld Tech.Broadband Eng.

“Live E!” Project

http://www.live-e.org/

Live E! Project

• Live E! is a project establish a network infrastructure that can generate, collect, transmit, process, and share digitized “Environmental Information”.

• “Environmental Information” is generated and available from anywhere on the global Internet by "Digital Weather Station“, or by any other sensor devices, such as IP camera, that are installed by individuals and by organizations.

Internet

（VPN)

RS485

PSG3

LONWORKSTCP/IP

i.LON100

Digital Weather Station (DWS)

SOAP/XML

Ext: IP CameraExt: Another Sensor

School

Data Server

Public Service Office

Ex: Nature study Ex: Facility Management Ex: Area Marketing, Weather forecasting

DWS

DWS

DWS

Network (IPv4/v6)

• “Digital Weather Station” generates the weather information with low cost and provides the information to any node on the global Internet

• By the installation of larger number of “Digital Weather Station”, the environmental information can be richer and finer, i.e., connectivity (installation) is own rewards.

• It has been recognized that the applications of Live E! project contents can be for education, public service and for business cases.

http://www.live-e.org/

Sensor Node Networking

Geographical Location

IP address

Temparature

(wind) anemoscope

Rainfall Show geographical map

Initiated “Live E!” project.- install weather sensor units- let information available for anyone - targeting mile-mesh network - three applications

1. Educational material 2. Public service 3. Business use

Initiated “Live E!” project.- install weather sensor units- let information available for anyone - targeting mile-mesh network - three applications

1. Educational material 2. Public service 3. Business use

TWNIC will install soon

AIT and Kasetart Univ, has installed

New Zealand will install

Installation example of sensor node

Weather Sensor Unit

小型気象観測ユニット

アルミポール30φｘ１

ｍ取り付けバンド

ケーブル（MAX10ｍ）

Legacy weather monitoring box

Source: Mr.Yamamoto of Tokyo Metropolitan (Minato-ku)

Dense Installation Areas• Minato-ku in Metropolitan Tokyo

– Education for elementary schools– Public service, e.g., against heat-

island phenomenon or evacuation guide for earthquake

• Kurashiki City in Okayama– Disaster protection (against flooding

by heavy rain)– Education for elementary and junior

high schools• Marunouchi-District in Tokyo

Installation of Live E! Sensor nodes in Kurashiki City Rain Fall in Kurashiki City, Okayama

倉 敷 市 役 所本 　　庁

玉 島 支 所

水 島 支 所

児 島 支 所

船 穂 支 所

真 備 支 所

庄 支 所

茶 屋 町 支 所

　　　　　 か わ せ み ネット拠 点

　　　　　 ＩＰカメラ

　　　　　 無 線 LANアンテ ナ

　　　　　 ＩＰスピ ー カー

　　　　　 支 所

Installation of IP camera and IP speaker　 Installation of Live E! Sensor node at KUSA

LIVE E! ; example of user application LIVE E! ; example of user application

- Has joined from ASTI of Philippine,PSU of Thailand and other locations(e.g., Taiwan and Malaysia) in Asian countries, collaborating with APAN and AI3.

- Integrating with other information systems, e.g., hurricane warning system

Integration of Real-space and Cyber-space- Application by high school students -

• Integration of– Diorama– Remote controlled car– Weather station

• Project institutions– Hiroshima City

Technical High School– Fukuyama High &

Junior High School

(*) Supported by NICT’s IPv6 development and deployment program

Integration of DioramaRemote controlled carWeather station

– Hiroshima City University– Hiroshima University

• Diorama system– Hiroshima City Technical High School

Integration of Automobiles

IPv6への限りない期待

Network covering our “Globe”

We may realize that; • All the computing resources

on the “globe” will be available with large bandwidth

• Role of us, against globe • What we can do for our

Earth ?