lgof{t k|j4{g, cfoft k|lt:yfkg / cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf ePsf j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf]

k|f]kmfOn s0ff{nL k|b]z

g]kfn ;/sf/ pBf]u, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno

Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb| k'Nrf]s, nlntk'/

@)&^

i

o; s]Gb|sf] cf=j= @)&%÷&^ sf] :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd c'g;f/ b]zsf ;ft j6} k|b]zdf /x]sf

lgof{tof]Uo, cfoft k|lt:yfkg Pj+ cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ x'g;Sg] j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] lj:t[t ?kdf

cWoog u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ sfo{qmd adf]lhd s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] of] k|ltj]bg tof/ ul/Psf] 5

.

b]zsf ;ftj6} k|b]z dWo] s0ff{nL k|b]z cfˆg} 5'§} ;+:s[lt, k|fs[lts ljljwtf Pj+ xfjf kfgL / e'–

agf]6af6 ;lhPsf] k|b]z xf] . oxfFsf ;+/lIft /fli6«o lgs'~hx?, hLjhGt' Pj+ k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tfn]

o; k|b]zdf e|d0f ug]{ hf] sf]lxsf] dg k|k'mNn kfg]{ ub{5 . o; k|b]z k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{sf] If]qdf

ljZo k|lz4 5 . o; k|b]zdf k|z:t dfqfdf hl8a'6L, ljljw vfgLx? Pj+ hn;|f]tsf] ckf/

e08f/0f /x]sf] 5 .

s0ff{nL k|b]zdf xfn pTkflbt s[lif, vlgh tyf hl8a'6Lx?sf] cj:yf, To;af6 cfoft k|lt:yfkg

ug{ ;lsg] j:t'x?sf] ;"lr tyf cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ x'g ;Sg] ;]jf tyf j:t'x?sf] af/]df Ps

k|f]kmfO{n tof/ u/L k|b]zn] cfTdlge{/ x'g Pj+ lgof{t k|j4{g ug{ cfufdL lbgdf rfNg' kg]{

sbdx?sf] af/]df hfgsf/L lng] p2]Zon] of] cWoog ul/Psf] 5 .

o; cWoog k|ltj]bgdf k|b]zdf pTkfbg e}/x]sf j:t'x?sf] tYoflÍo ljj/0f pNn]v ul/g'sf ;fy}

s]lx cfoft k|lt:yfkg x'g ;Sg] j:t' tyf ;]jf, cGt{/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;+efjgf /x]sf j:t' tyf ;]jf

/ lgof{t ug{ ;lsg] j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] ljzn]if0f ;d]t ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf ;fy;fy} s]Gb| Pj+

k|b]z ;/sf/n] lgsf;L k|j4{g, cfoft k|lt:yfkg tyf cGt{/k|b]z Jofkf/sf] nfuL rflng'kg]{

sbdsf] ;d]t ;'emfj k]z ul/Psf] 5 eg] o; k|b]zsf] ;jn kIf, b'j{n kIf, cj;/ / xfFssf]

klg lrq0f ul/Psf] 5 .

o; k|ltj]bgdf g]kfn h:tf] ljsfzf]Gd'v /fi6«nfO{ cGo ljsl;t d'n'saf6 k|fKt x'g] e+;f/

;x'lnotsf] ;d]t pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 eg] vlgh Pj+ hl8a'6Lx?sf] lhNnfut ljj/0f ;d]t

;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . To;} u/L pBf]usf] k|s[lt ;lxtsf] ljj/0f pknAw 5 eg] hnljB't tk{m

;+rfngdf /x]sf cfof]hgfsf] Ifdtf Pj+ lgdf{0fflwg cfof]hgfx?sf] Ifdtf tyf cl3 al9/x]sf

hn ljB't vl/b ;Demf}tfx?sf] Ifdtf ;d]t pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

o; k|ltj]bgdf xfn k|b]zaf6 lgsf;L eO{/x]sf j:t'x? cb'jf, hl8a'6Lx?sf] k|f]kmfO{n tof/ u/L

ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 eg] lgsf;L ;+DefJo j:t'x? a];f/, £o", l6d'/, t]hkQf, ;f/o'Qm t]n, /Tg

kTy/, :ofp, cGo d;nfhGo afnLsf] ljj/0f ;d]t ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . To:t} cGt/k|b]z

Jofkf/ Pj+ cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] j:t'x? ds}, ux'F, hf}, kmfk/, t]nxgafnL, bnxgafnL,

l;d]G6sf sRrfkbfy{, df;' tyf b'whGo j:t', 5fnfsf ;fdfgx?, t/sf/L, kmnkm'n cflbsf]

ljj/0f klg cg';'rLdf ;df]j]z ul/Psf] 5 .

sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z

ii

k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ qmddf k|b]z pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3, ljleGg j:t'ut ;+3÷;+:yfx?, a'l4lhlj

ju{ Pj+ ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?;Fu 5nkmn÷cGt{/lqmof u/L o; k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v ul/Psf]

j:t'x?sf] ljj/0f ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .

ljifo;"rL

sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z ......................................................................................... i-ii

k[i7e"ld

cWoogsf] p2]Zo ............................................................................... @

cWoogsf] ljlw ................................................................................. #

cWoogsf ;Ldfx? .............................................................................................................. #

cWoogsf] pknAwL ............................................................................................................. #

k|b]zsf] kl/ro

hnjfo' .................................................................................................................................. ̂

hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; ............................................................................................................... ̂

ko{6sLo If]qsf] ljsf; ...................................................................................................... &

Jofkf/ Joj;fosf k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; / pBf]u :yfkgf ................................................. &

k|b]zsf] ;fdfGo cfly{s kl/b[io ........................................................................................ *

g]kfnsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/sf] kl/b[io ................................................................................................ (

s0ff{nL k|b]z ;DalGw SWOT ljZn]if0f ........................................................................................ !!

s0ff{nL k|b]zsf s]xL k|d"v s[lifhGo j:t'x?sf] pTkfbg l:ylt M ............................................. !@

s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] cfly{sf lqmofsnfksf] l:ylt .............................................................................. !%

vlgh / vlghsf pTkfbgx? ......................................................................................................... !^

s0ff{nL k|b]z cGt{/utsf lhNnfx?df kfO{g] hl8a'6Lx?sf] ljj/0fM ......................................... !^ hnljB't ............................................................................................................................................ !&

;]jf Jofkf/ ....................................................................................................................................... !(

ko{6g / wfld{s :yn ......................................................................................................... !(

s[lifhGo, cf}Bf]lushGo, jghGo Pj+ vflghhGo j:t'x? lgof{tssf] nflu rflng'

kg]{ sbdx? ....................................................................................................................................... @!

s0ff{nL k|b]zdf pTkfbg x'g], lgof{t ;Defjgf ePsf, cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg]

tyf cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf ePsf j:t'x?sf] ljZn]if0f .................................................... @@

ux'F ......................................................................................................................................... @@

ds} ........................................................................................................................................ @$

cfn' ....................................................................................................................................... @^

:ofp ...................................................................................................................................... @&

pmg ....................................................................................................................................... @(

cb'jf ..................................................................................................................................... #!

hl8j'6L .............................................................................................................................................. #$

vfBj:t'x? lgof{tdf u'0f:t/sf k|fjwfgx? ................................................................................. #^

Jofkf/ ;Dj4 ;/f]sf/sf ljifox? ................................................................................................. #*

Jofkf/ k|j4{gdf ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] :yfkgf .................................................................................... #*

g]kfnL j:t'x?nfO{ jfXo ahf/df k|fKt ;'ljwfx?sf] hfgsf/L .................................................. #*

lgof{t Jofkf/df g]kfnnfO{ k|fKt ;'ljwfx? ................................................................................... #*

Jofj;foL jftfj/0fdf ;'wf/ ;DjGwL ljifox? ............................................................................ #(

s[lif cg'bfg / k|f]T;fxg ;DjGwL ljifo ........................................................................... #(

Jofkf/ ;Dj4 k"jf{wf/df nufgL ........................................................................................ #(

nlhi6s ;]jfdf ;'wf/ ........................................................................................................ $)

Jofkf/ ;Dj4 cg';Gwfg .................................................................................................... $)

k|b]z:t/sf] Jofkf/ ;Dj4 8f6fj];sf] Joj:yf................................................................ $)

ef}uf]lns ;+s]t, k]6]06 /fO6 / 6]«8dfs{ ;DjGwL ljifox? ............................................ $!

u'0f:t/ ;DjGwL ljifox? ................................................................................................... $!

k|b]zaf6 xfn lgof{t eO{/x]sf j:t'x? .......................................................................................... $!

lgof{t ;DefJo j:t' tyf ;]jfx? .................................................................................................. $!

cfoft k|lt:yfkg tyf cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf ePsf j:t'x? ........................................ $@

lgsf;L k|j4{g / cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/sf Jojwfgx?...................................................................... $@

nfut Go'gLs/0fdf k|b]z ;/sf/n] ug'{kg]{ ;xof]ux? ................................................................. $#

lgisif{ ................................................................................................................................................ $#

;'emfj ................................................................................................................................................ $$

cg';'rL .............................................................................................................................................. $^–%#

;Gbe{ ;fdfu|L ...................................................................................................................................... %$

tflnsfx?

tflnsf ! M g]]kfnsf]] j}}b]lzs j:t' Jofkf/sf] ;fdfGo emns .................................................... @

tflnsf @ M s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgsf] ljj/0f ..................................................... (

tflnsf # M bz jif{sf] cfoft÷ lgof{t Pj+ Jofkf/ 3f6fsf] ljj/0f ......................................... !)

tflnsf $ M vfBfGg pTkfbg l:ytL -d]=6=_ ................................................................................. !@

tflnsf % M gub]afnLsf] pTkfbg l:ytL ...................................................................................... !#

tflnsf ^ M t]nhGo, d;nfhGo tyf bnxgafnLsf] pTkfbg l:ytL ....................................... !#

tflnsf & M kz'k+5Lsf] ljj/0f ....................................................................................................... !$

tflnsf * M b'Uw tyf df;'hGo pTkfbg ...................................................................................... !$

tflnsf ( M e]8f / pgsf] ljj/0f ................................................................................................. !$

tflnsf !) M kmnkm'n pTkfbgsf] ljj/0f ..................................................................................... !$

tflnsf !! M s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] cfly{sf lqmofsnfksf] l:ylt ...................................................... !%

tflnsf !@ M vlghsf] ljj/0f........................................................................................................ !^

tflnsf !# M hl8a'6Lx?sf] ljj/0f ................................................................................................ !& tflnsf !$ M hnljB't pTkfbg l:ylt ........................................................................................ !*

tflnsf !% M ljB't vl/b ;Demf}tf ljj/0f .................................................................................. !*

tflnsf !^ M ko{6s e|d0f ljj/0f................................................................................................. @!

tflnsf !& M ko{6g If]qaf6 k|fKt cfDbfgL .................................................................................. @!

tflnsf !* M s0ff{nL k|b]zdf ux'Fsf] pTkfbg l:ylt ................................................................... @#

tflnsf !( M s0ff{nL k|b]zdf pTkfbg ePsf] ux'Fsf] lhNnfut ljj/0f ................................... @#

tflnsf @) M g]kfnsf] ux'F cfoftsf] ljj/0f ............................................................................... @#

tflnsf @! M s0ff{nL k|b]zdf ds}sf] pTkfbg l:ylt .................................................................. @%

tflnsf @@ M s0ff{nL k|b]zdf pTkfbg ePsf] ds}sf] lhNnfut ljj/0f .................................. @%

tflnsf @# M g]kfnsf] ds} cfoftsf] ljj/0f ............................................................................... @%

tflnsf @$ M s0ff{nL k|b]zdf cfn'sf] pTkfbg l:ylt ................................................................ @^

tflnsf @% M s0ff{nL k|b]zdf pTkfbg ePsf] cfn'sf] lhNnfut ljj/0f ................................. @^

tflnsf @^ M g]kfnsf] cfn' cfoftsf] ljj/0f .............................................................................. @&

tflnsf @& M lhNnfut :ofp pTkfbgsf] ljj/0f........................................................................ @*

tflnsf @* M g]kfnsf] :ofpm cfoftsf] ljj/0f .......................................................................... @(

tflnsf @( M lhNnfut ?kdf pmgsf] pTkfbg ljj/0f .............................................................. #)

tflnsf #) M g]kfnsf] pmg cfoftsf] ljj/0f .............................................................................. #)

tflnsf #! M g]kfnsf] cb'jfsf] pTkfbg ljj/0f .......................................................................... #@

tflnsf #@ M s0ff{nL k|b]zdf pTkfbg ePsf] cb'jfsf] ljj/0f .................................................. ##

tflnsf ## M cb'jf cfoft ug]{ b]zx?sf] ljj/0f ........................................................................ ##

tflnsf #$ M ljZj ahf/df hl8a'6Lsf] lgof{tsf] cj:yf ......................................................... #$

tflnsf #% M ljZj ahf/df hl8a'6Lsf] cfoftsf] cj:yf ......................................................... #%

1

k[i7e"ldM

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg

cg';f/ d'n's

;+3Lo ;+r/gfdf

k|j]z u/] ;Fu}

k|fb]lzs ;/sf/sf]

cjwf/0ff c'g;f/

d'n'sdf ;ftj6f

k|b]zx?sf] Joj:yf

u/]sf] 5 . o;

Joj:yf cGtu{t k|b]zleqsf] Jofkf/ k|b]zleqsf] /fli6«o jg, hn pkof]u tyf jftfj/0f

Joj:yfkg, s[lif tyf kz' ljsf;,snsf/vfgf, cf}Bf]lusLs/0f, Jofkf/ Joj;fo, oftfoft,pBf]u

tyf vlgh / ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ko{6g, cf}Bf]uLs/0f cGt/k|fb]lzs ¿kdf km}lnPsf] h+un, lxdfn,

jg ;+/If0f If]q hn pkof]u h:tf ljifox? k|b]z ;/sf/ ;+nUg x'g] lqmofsnfksf ?kdf

;+ljwfgsf] cg';"lrdf Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .

;dfg'kflts ljsf;, k|b]zleqsf ;+efjgfx?nfO{ phfu/ ub}{ tL ;+efjgfnfO{ sfof{Gjog of]Uo

agfO{ cfly{s j[l4af6 ;Dj[l4 xfl;n ug]{ d'n dd{ k|fb]lzs ;+/rgfsf] Joj:yfleq cGt/gLlxt

5 . o;sf/0f Jojl:yt cWoogdf cfwfl/t ;+efjgfsf] klxrfg u/L ;f]nfO{ d"t{ ?k lbg]

Jojxfl/s sfo{qmdsf] cfjZostf b]lvG5 . Psflt/ s'g} k|b]zsf pTkfbgx?n] ahf/ kfO{ g/x]sf]

cj:yf 5 eg] csf]{lt/ cGo k|b]zx?df tL j:t'x?sf] cfk"lt{df Go'g x'g uO{ ljb]zaf6 x'g]

cfoftaf6 k"lt{ ul//xg' k/]sf] cj:yf ljBdfg 5 . k|b]z:t/df /x]sf] pTkfbgsf] oyfy{ cj:yf,

pTkfbg j[l4sf ;+efjgfx?, gofF pTkfbg If]qsf] klxrfg / ljBdfg ;d:ofx? tyf pTkfbg

j[l4sf sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ubf{ k|b]z cg';f/ ckgfpg' kg]{ ljlwsf] klxrfgsf] cfjZotfsf klg

TolQs} 68\sf/f] ?kdf b]vf k/]sf] 5 .

2

d'n'sssf] cfoft lbgfg'lbg tLj|ultdf al9/x]sf] 5 eg] lgof{tdf lemgf] / :yL/ k|s[ltsf] j[l4n]

ubf{ d'n'ssf] Jofkf/3f6f lrGtfhgs ?kdf al9/x]sf] 5 . o;/L a9\bf] Jofkf/3f6fnfO{ Go'g ug{

gofF ;Defjgfx?sf] klxrfg ug{ h?/L eO;s]sf] 5 .

tflnsf ! M g]]kfnsf]] j}}b]lzs j:t' Jofkf/sf] ;fdfGo emns

d'No ? cj{df

cfj @)&#÷&$ cfj @)&$÷&% j[l4 k|ltztdf

lgof{t 73.13 81.33 11.2 cfoft 985.95 1,245.19 26.3 s[lifhGo j:t'sf] cfoft 175.59 203.49 15.9 s[lifhGo j:t'sf] lgof{t 20.92 23.46 12.1

>f]tM Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|, @)&$÷&%

pk/f]Qm k[i7e"lddf k|b]zdf pTkfbg x'g] k|d'v j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] klxrfg u/L ;f] sf cfwf/df

cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;Sg] tyf lgsf;L ;+efjgf ePsf j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] k|f]kmfO{n tof/ u/L

lgof{t k|j4{g ub}{ cGt/k|fb]lzs Jofkf/sf] ;Defjgf ;d]t klxrfg ug'{ kg]{ b]lvG5 .

g]kfnn] ljutdf lgof{t u/]sf Pj+ jt{dfgdf cfoft ul//x]sf] j:t'x? M

Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|sf] tYofFs cg';f/ g]kfndf ljutdf wfg, rfdn, h'6 tyf

h'6sf ;fdfgx?, ux'Fsf] kL7f] pNn]Vo dfqf lgsf;L ul/x]sf] kfOP tfklg xfn cfP/ oL j:t'sf]

cfoft ef/L dfqf x'g] u/]]sf] 5 . pQm j:t'x? dWo] wfg, rfdn cflb ef/tdf lgsf;L eO{ /x]sf

x'Gy] eg] ux'Fsf] kL7f] rLgtkm{ lgsf;L x'g] uYof]{ . xfn sRrf h'6 ljb]zaf6 cfoft u/]/ h'6sf

k|zf]lwt pTkfbgx? lgsf;L ul/x]sf] 5f}+ .

s'g} ;do ef/tdf 7"nf] kl/df0fdf sf7 lgsf;L eO{/x] tfklg xfn cfP/ Dofgdf, O08f]g]lzof

h:tf d'n'sx?af6 sf7x? cfoft eO{/x]sf] 5 . g]kfnn] ljutdf lgsf;L u/]sf / xfn cfoft

ul//x]sf j:t'x?sf] pTkfbgnfO{ a[l4 ug]{ ;Defjgf /lx cfPsf] kl/k|]Ifdf tL j:t'x?sf] pTkfbg

clea[l4 ul/ k'g M lgsf;L tyf cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ug{ ;lsG5 .

cWoogsf] p2]ZoM

o; cWoogsf] p2]Zo b]xfo adf]lhd /x]]sf] 5 M

-!_ k|b]znfO{ cfly{s ?kdf cfTdlge{/ agfO{ lgof{t clej[l4 dfkm{t d'n'ssf] a9\bf]

Jofkf/3f6fnfO{ sd ug{ ;xof]u k'Øfpg]

3

-@_ cGt/ k|fb]lzs Jofkf/nfO{ clejl4 ug]{

-#_ cfofltt dfnj:t'x?nfO{ k|b]zdf pTkflbt dfnj:t'x?n] k|lt:yfkg ug]{,

-$_ k|b]z:t/df ;Defjgf ePsf j:t' tyf ;]jf Jofkf/sf cj;/x?nfO{ klxrfg u/L Jofkf/

k|j4{g tyf gLltx? th"[{df ug{ ;xof]u k'Øfpg] .

-%_ eljiodf ul/g] cWoogsf nflu cfwf/ b:tfj]hsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug]{

cWoogsf] ljlwM

of] cWoog ub{f ;j{k|yd ljleGg ;/sf/L >f]tx? – s[lif tyf kz'k+IfL dGqfno, vfgL ljefu,

tYofÍ ljefu, ag ljefu, g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0faf6 k|fKt l4ltos tYofÍ

(Secondary Data) pkof]u ul/Psf] 5 . pQm tYofÍaf6 k|fKt pTkfbg ;DaGwL ljj/0f, pBf]u

;DaGwL ljj/0f, vfgL ;DaGwL ljj/0fnfO{ tflnlss/0f tyf jlu{s/0f ug{] sfo{ ul/of] .

tTkZrft pQm tYofÍ tyf ljj/0fx? pk/ k|b]z l:yt ljleGg pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3, hl8a'6L

Jofj;foL ;+3, pBdL, Joj;foLx?;+u cGt/lqmof u/L ?h' ug{] sfo{ ;DkGg ul/of] . To;af6

k|fKt lg:sif{x?af6 k|f/lDes k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L pQm k|ltj]bgdf pNn]lvt ljifox? pk/

;/f]sf/jfnf ;/sf/L lgsfox?, k|b]z l:yt pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf] ;xeflutfdf k|b]zsf]

/fhwfgLdf k|:t'lts/0f ug{'sf cltl/Qm /fo ;'emfj ;+sng ug{] sfo{ ul/of] . ;Dk"0f{ /fo

;'emfjnfO{ ;d]6L of] k|ltj]bg tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .

cWoogsf ;Ldfx? M

-!_ låtLos tYofFsdf a9L lge{/tf

-@_ Dofg'km\ofSrl/ªtkm{ pTkfbgsf] tYofFs sdLn] ;"rgfdf a9L lge{/ x'g'

-#_ s[lif If]qsf] pTkfbg tYofFs @)&#÷&$ df ;Lldt /xg'

-$_ ;]jf Jofkf/tkm{sf] If]qut tYofFs pknJw x'g g;Sg'

-%_ k|b]z:t/df pkef]usf] tYofFs pknJw gx'g'

cWoogsf] pknAwL M

of] cWoog k|ltj]bgaf6 ;du|df l;+uf] d'n'snfO{ / ljz]iftM o; k|b]znfO{ b]xfo

adf]lhdsf pknJwL x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 .

4

-!_ k|b]zsf lgof{t ;Defjgf ePsf j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] hfgsf/L x'g],

-@_ k|b]zdf cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] klxrfg x'g]

-#_ cGt/ k|b]z Jofkf/sf ;Defljt j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf ;"lr tof/ x'g]

-$_ pk/f]Qm ;"lrsf cfwf/df lgof{t ;Defjgf ePsf, cfoft k|lt:yfkg x'g] / cGt/

k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgfsf af/]df k|b]znfO{ gLlt th'{df ug{ pkof]uL x'g]

-%_ eljiodf ;dfg k|s[ltsf cWoog ug{ ;Gbe{ ;fdfu|L ?kdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]

k|b]zsf] kl/ro

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] g]kfnsf] zf;sLo :j?k / /fHo k'gM;+/rgfsf] vfsf sf]/]sf] 5 . ;f]xL

;+ljwfgadf]lhd g]kfnnfO{ ;ft k|b]zdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . k|b]z ljefhgsf] qmddf &%

lhNnfaf6 b'O{j6f lhNnf yk u/L && k'¥ofOPsf] 5 . To;dWo] 5}7f} gDa/df /x]sf] of] k|b]znfO{

5

s0ff{nL k|b]z agfOPsf] 5 eg] ;fljssf] dWoklZrdf~rn ljsf;If]qsf] ;b/d'sfdsf] ?kdf

/x]sf] ;'v]{t lhNnfsf] jL/]Gb|gu/nfO{ o; k|b]zsf] /fhwfgL agfOPsf] 5 .s0ff{nL k|b]z h'Dnf,

x'Dnf, d'u', 8f]Nkf, sflnsf]6, klZrd ?s'd, ;Nofg, hfh/sf]6, b}n]v / ;'v]{t u/L !) lhNnfdf

ljeflht 5 . o; k|b]zdf @% gu/kflnsf / %$ ufpFkflnsf /x]sf 5g\ . o; k|b]zsf] gfd

g]kfnsf] k|Voft s0ff{nL gbL tyf ;fljssf dWoklZrdf~rn ljsf;If]qsf lxdfnL If]qsf]

e"uf]nsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L s0ff{nL sfod ul/Psf] 5 eg] ;fljssf] dWoklZrdf~rn ljsf;

If]qsf] ;b/d'sfdsf] ?kdf /x]sf] jL/]Gb|gu/nfO{ /fhwfgL tf]lsPsf] 5 . s0ff{nL k|b]zdf /x]sf !)

lhNnfsf] g]kfnsf] s"n e"–efusf] !(=& k|ltzt #)#!# ju{ lsnf]ld6/ e"–efu cf]u6]sf] 5 .

g]kfnsf] /fli6«o hgu0fgf @)^* nfO{ cfwf/ dflg ul/Psf] k|If]k0f cg';f/ ;g\ @)!& df o;

k|b]zsf] hg;+Vof !&,!!,&(# /x]sf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . clxn]sf] cj:yfdf s0ff{nLsf] cy{

cefj, ul/aL, clzIff, ?9L, k/Dk/f xf] eGg] a'em\g' k5{ . s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] klxrfg oxL g} xf] .

k|b]z :jfoQ aGg g;s]tfklg k|fKt klxrfgnfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ ;+3Lo jf k|fb]lzs ;/sf/n] sfd

ug{ ;Sof] eg] dfq k|b]z / k|b]zaf;Lsf] enf] x'g] ljZjf; ug{ ;lsG5 . o; k|b]zdf v;x¿ -

afx'g, If]qL_ sf] afx'Notf eP klg du/, u'?Ë, b;gfdL, sfdL–bdfO{, yf?, /fhL, af]6] nufotsf

hfthfltx¿sf] klg a;f]af; ePsfn] v;fg zAbn] ;a}nfO{ ;d]6\b}gYof] xf]nf hlt s0ff{nLn]

;d]6]sf]5 . oxfF ^**# ld6/ prfO{sf] sflGh/f]jf lxd;[ª\vnf, ^%&# ld6/ prfO{sf] lqk'/f

lxpFr'nL, ^!#( ld6/ cUnf] z]; lzv/, %(^) ld6/ cUnf] sfudf/f k|yd h:tf lxd;[ª\vnfx¿

k5{g\ . To;}u/L g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] tfnsf] ?kdf k|fs[lts /f/ftfn /x]sf] 5 . o;sf] nDafO{

%=! lsnf]ld6/ / rf}8fO{ @=& lsnf]ld6/ /x]sf] 5 . of] ;d'b| ;txaf6 @(() ld6/sf] prfO{df 5

/ o; tfnsf] ulx/fO{ !^& ld6/ /x]sf] 5 . g]kfndf ;a}eGbf ulx/f] tfnsf] ?kdf /x]sf] 8f]Nkf

lhNnfsf] z]–kmf]S;'08f] tfn o;} k|b]zdf k5{ . o;sf] pQ/ blIf0f nDafO{ $=* lsnf]ld6/ / k"j{

klZrd rf}8fO{ !=^ lsnf]ld6/ /x]sf] 5 . o;sf] ulx/fO{ ^%) ld6/ cg'dfg nufOPsf] 5 .

Pj+k|sf/n] ;Nofgsf] s'le08] bx, ?s'dsf] af;Lsf]6 ufpFkflnsfsf] :ofk'{ tfn, ;fgL e]/L,

df}/fvf/f bx, kf]v/f bx, ;fFv bx, rf}/hxf/L pkTosf, d'u's} C0fdf]rg bx, ;'v]{tsf] a/fx tfn

/ hfh'/f bx, a'na'n] tfn /x]sf 5g\ .

6

hnjfo'M

ef}uf]lns cj:yf h:t} hnjfo'sf] b[li6n] klg s0ff{nL k|b]z hlQsf] hl6n 5 plQs} dgdf]xs

klg 5 . oxfFsf] hnjfo' zLt / ;dzLtf]i0f /x]sf] 5 . o; k|b]zdf t/fO{ ghf]l8Psf] sf/0fn]

pi0f hnjfo' kfOFb}g . pQ/L lxdfnL e]udf afx|} dlxgf lr;f] / blIf0fL kxf8L, pkTosf tyf

b"gx¿df ;dzLtf]i0f hnjfo' kfOG5 . pQ/–blIf0f hf]8\g] ;8s oftfoft / /f]k–j]x¿sf] ;d'lrt

ljsf; eof] eg] s]xL 306fleq} lr;f]af6 udL{ 7fpFdf / udL{af6 lr;f] 7fpFdf k'Ug ;lsg]

ePsfn] of] k|b]z t/fO{sf] k|r08 tftf] hnjfo'df /xg] / cToGt lr;f] lxdfnL e]udf a:g]x¿sf

nflu klg pko'St dflgG5 .

k|zf;lgs / k'/ftflTjs b[li6n] o; k|b]zsf h'Dnf, ;'v]{t, b}n]v, lhNnfx¿ dxTjk"0f{ dflgG5g\ .

P3f/f}+ ztfAbLlt/ v; /fHosf] /fhwfgL h'Dnfsf] l;+hf lyof] . of] /fHo !#cf}+ / !$cF}+ ztfAbLlt/

lj:tf/ ePsf] eGg] egfO{ 5 . of] /fHo klZrddf u8jfn, pQ/df ltJatsf] dfg;/f]j/ /

/fszn]s, k"j{df uf]vf{, g'jfsf]6 / blIf0fdf slknj:t';Dd lj:tf/ ePsf] egfO{ 5 .

k|b]zdf $) k|fb]lzs lgjf{rg If]q / !@ ;+3Lo k|ltlglw;ef lgjf{rg If]q sfod ul/Psf]5.

oxfFsf] dfgj ljsf; ;"rsfÍ )=$^( dfq /x]sf] 5 . of] ;"rsfÍ Go"g x'g'sf sf/0f k/Dk/fut

s[lif / kz'kfng, pBf]u wGbftkm{ 7"nf] nufgLstf{sf] Wofgfsif{0f x'g g;Sg', pTkfbgsf ;|f]t tyf

;fdu|Lsf] kx'Frsf nflu ;8s / ljB't k'Ug g;Sg', r]tgfsf] :t/ p7\g g;Sg' cflb w]/} sf/0fx¿

/x]sf 5g\ . ;'zf;g / ;d[l4nfO{ o;n] klg k|efj kf5{ .

hn;|f]tsf] ljsf;M

o; k|b]zsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] gbL s0ff{nL xf] . o; gbLsf] k|efj If]q sl/a $())) ju{ lsnf]ld6/

5 . of] gbLsf] nDafO{ %)& lsnf]ld6/ 5 . o;;Fu hf]l8Psf o;sf ;xfos gbLx¿ x'Dnf

s0ff{nL, d'u' s0ff{nL, ltnf gbL x'g\ . 8f]Nkfaf6 aUg] 7"nL e]/L, ?s'daf6 aUg] ;fgLe]/L, 8f]6Laf6

k"j{ au]/ s0ff{nLdf ;dflxt x'g] ;]tL gbL nufot dxfef/t kfvf]af6 sl/a $*)) ju{

7

lsnf]ld6/ nfdf] zf/bf gbL, kft', ;]jf/ / ;';fpg] cflb ldl;P/ aU5 hf] afFs] / alb{ofsf]

pAhfp e"ld l;+rfO{sf nflu k|of]u ePsf] 5 . To;f] t ;'v]{taf6 klZrdtkm{ au]/ s0ff{nL gbLdf

ldl;g] e]/L gbLsf] sl/a krf; k|ltzt kfgL aaO{ gbLdf ldl;P/ afFs]–alb{ofsf] l;+rfO{df k|of]u

x'g] eP tfklg afFsL kfgL s0ff{nLdf ldl;g] x'gfn] e]/Ln] klg s0ff{nLsf] ;xfos gbL aGg]

;f}efUo cem}+ klg kfPsf] 5 . cGo k|b]zx¿sf] t'ngfdf oxfF hnljB't a9L pTkfbg x'g]

;Defjgf /x]sfn] o;nfO{ ;]tf] ;'gsf] k|b]z klg eGg] ul/G5 . oxfFsf hgtfsf] cfly{s k5f}6]kg,

:yfgLo nufgLstf{sf] cefj, ef}uf]lns sl7gfO{ h:tf tdfd k|lts"n kl/l:ylt / r'gf}lt eP/

klg ;Defjgf klg TolQs} cfzfnfUbf] /x]sf] 5, To;}n] oxfF sl/a @)))) d]ufjf6 ljB't

pTkfbg x'g ;Sg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . o; k|b]zsf ax'pkof]uL oL gbLgfnfdf sfofls¨,

Sofgf]lg¨, ¥ofkm\l6¨ / h]6 af]6sf nflu ;fgL e]/L, 7"nL e]/L ldl;P/ ag]sf] e]/L / ltnf nufot

ljleGg gbL ldl;P/ ag]sf] s0ff{nL gbL pkof]udf Nofpg ;lsG5 .

ko{6sLo If]qsf] ljsf;M

of] k|b]z ko{6sLo b[li6n] Hofb} dxTjk"0f{ 8f]Nkfsf] afpnLuf7 em/gf !^* ld6/, ;'nLuf8sf]

em/gf !^& ld6/, 5f/Lvf]nf em/gf b}n]v ^! ld6/, s0ff{nL jGohGt' cf/If0f #^# ju{ lsnf]ld6/,

/f/f /fli6«o lgs'~h /x]sf 5g\ . To:t} oxf “ k|l;4 /f/f tfn, lxdfnL lrt'jf / lxdfnL efn'

kfOG5g\ . z]–kmf]S;'08f] /fli6«o lgs'~h 8f]Nkf / d'u'sf] s]xL efu ;d]6]/ ag]sf] g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf

7"nf] lgs'~h xf] . o;sf] If]qkmn #%%% ju{ lsnf]ld6/ -#%%%))_ x]S6/ /x]sf] 5 . ;g\ !(*)

df k|:tfljt / !(*$ df :yflkt of] lgs'~hdf kmf]S;'08f] tfn klg /x]sf] 5 . oxf “ lgnf] e]8f,

s:t'/L, d[u, h+unL ofs, ltAatL Uofh]n, gfp/ cflb kfOG5g\ . h'Dnfsf] rGbggfy, x'Dnfsf]

onjf¨ u'Djf, ;'v]{tsf] hfh'/f bx, a/fxtfn / ljleGg dlGb/, dl:hb ;Nofgsf] s'le08] bx,

b}n]vsf] lz/:yfgsf] Hjfnf, 6«]ls¨sf nflu s0ff{nL c~rnsf ;a} lhNnf dxTjk"0f{ dflgPsf 5g\ .

Jofkf/ Joj;fosf k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; / pBf]u :yfkgfM

s0ff{nL c~rnsf x'Dnf, h'Dnf, sflnsf]6af6 xf6ahf/sf nflu l;w} e]8fRofª\u|f / 3f]8faf6

g]kfnu~haf6 vfBfGg tyf cGo g"g nufotsf pkef]Uo ;fdu|L 9'jfgL ug]{ ul/Psf]df ;'v]{t

8

g]kfnu~h @)@) ;fndf /fhf dx]Gb|sf] e|d0fsf] ;dodf ag]sf] sRrL ;8ssf] @)#$ ;fndf

;'wf/ eP/ df]6/af6f] ag]kl5 lxdfnL If]qsf lhNnfx¿nfO{ Jofkf/ Joj;fo ug{ s]xL ;lhnf] eof]

eg] ;'v]{t klg g]kfnu~h h:t} Jofkfl/s xa aGg k'Uof] . clxn] o; k|b]zsf k|foMh;f]

;b/d'sfd / 3gf a:tL ePsf e"–efux¿df ahf/ Joj;fo lj:tf/ x'g'sf ;fy} ljleGg

n3'pBf]ux¿ klg ;~rfng x' “b} cfPsf 5g\ . s0ff{nL k|b]z hl6n e"–efun] ag]sf] 5 . ;Lldt

;dy/ e"–efu, ;;fgf pkTosf, s]xL gbL lsgf/sf pa{/f e"ld, s]xL r6\6fg / 3f “;] d}bfgx¿sf]

k|wfgtf /x]sf] 5 . /fHon] ;dodf g} lzIff, :jf:Yo, ;~rf/ nufot oftfoftsf nflu ;8s

;~hfn lgdf{0f ug{ g;s]sf sf/0f pRr lzIff nufot cfocfh{g, pBf]uwGbf / /f]huf/Lsf

cj;/x¿af6 o; If]qsf afl;Gbfx¿ alGrt x'g k'u]sf x'g\ . To;}n] of] k|b]zsf] clgjfo{tf blIf0f

ef/t;“u geP/ pQ/ rLg; “u ;Ldfgf hf]l8Psfn] rLg; “u Jofkfl/s ;DaGw lj:tf/ ug'{kg]{

b]lvG5 . pQ/sf gfsf gvf]lnPsf / blIf0flt/ kf “r gDa/ k|b]zn] of] k|b]z 3]l/P/ aGb k|b]z tyf

e"–kl/j]li7t d'n'ssf] sl7g ef}uf]lns / cfly{s cj:yf ePsf] k|b]z aGg k'u]sf] 5 . pQ/L gfsf

vf]Ng]ljlQs} :jtM ;8s ;~hfnn] el/g], ul/aL / cefjaf6 pTkLl8t hgtfn] /f]huf/Lsf cj;/

k|fKt ug]{, ;Sg]n] nufgLsf] cj;/ klg kfpg] b]lvG5 . Toltdfq geP/ o; k|b]zdf pTkflbt

cf}Bf]lus tyf cGo pkef]Uo j:t'n] klg lrgLof “ ahf/ kfpg ;S5 . o; cy{df klg Jofkfl/s

s]Gb| aGg] ;Defjgf af]s]sf] s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] pQ/L lxdfnL If]q e"uf]nsf] gftfn] dfq dxTjk"0f{

gagL cfo–cfh{gsf b[li6n] klg :jtM dxTjk"0f{ aGg] / o; k|b]zsf] cfly{s ;d'Ggltsf] 9f]sf

vf]lng]5 eGg] ck]Iff /fVg ;lsG5 .

k|b]zsf] ;fdfGo cfly{s kl/b[io M

s]Gb|Lo tYofFs ljefusf] k|fb]lzs s'n u|fx:y pTkfbg ;DjGwL k|sflzt ;g\ @)!* sf] tYofFs

cg';f/ g]kfnsf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbg - ?=#$ va{ ^$ ca{ #@ s/f]8_ df s0ff{nLsf] lx:;f #=$$

k|ltzt -?=! va{ !( ca{ @% s/f]8 () nfv_ /x]sf] 5 . If]qut ?kdf x]bf{ s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] s'n

u|fx:y pTkfbgsf] ;+/rgf b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .

9

tflnsf @ M s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgsf] ljj/0f

jlu{s/)f k|b]z -GDP_ lx:;f-%_

s[lif tyf ag 38945 32.85

dT:o 21 0.02

vlgh 666 0.56

Dofg'km\ofSrl/ª 1224 1.03

ljBt', Uof; / kfgL 1435 1.21

lgdf{0f 13056 11.01

yf]s tyf 'v''b|f Jofkf/ 7626 6.43

xf]6]n tyf /]i6'/]06 3525 2.97

oftfoft, e08f/0f / ;~rf/ 1611 1.36

ljQ 1796 1.52

l/on:6]6, ef8f tyf Jofkfl/s lqmofsnfkx? 10195 8.60

;fj{hls k|zf;g / /Iff 9220 7.78

lzIff 16921 14.27

:jf:Yo tyf ;fdflhs sfo{ 3836 3.24

cGo ;fd'bflos, ;fdflhs tyf Jol JolQmut ;]jf lqmofsnfkx? 8461 7.14

>f]tM s]lGb|o tYofÍ ljefu

g]kfnsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/sf] kl/b[io M

ljut bz jif{sf] g]kfnsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/ tYofFs -j:t'tkm{_nfO{ x]bf{ cfoftdf ef/L j[l4 b]lvPsf]

5 eg] lgof{tsf] cfsf/ / j[l4b/ b'j} ;fgf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ljut s]xL jif{sf] tYofFsnfO{ x]bf{

g]kfnaf6 lgof{t eO{ /x]sf k|d'v j:t'x?df kf]lni6/ tyf cGo wfuf]{, kmnfd tyf :6Ln / ltgsf

pTkfbgx?, pmgL un}rf, tof/L kf]zfs, h'6 tyf h'6sf pTkfbg, h';, lrof, 6]S;6fOn, cn}+rL,

klZdgf ;n, km]N6, hl8j'6L, d';'/f]sf] bfn / h'Qf /x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnsf] lgsf;L Jofkf/df ef/t,

;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sf, hd{gL, 6sL{, o's], rLg, k|mfG;, a+unfb]z, , O6fnL, hfkfg, Sofg8f,

ci6«]lnof, g]b/n]08\; 8]gdfs{ cflb k|d'v ?kdf /x]sf 5g\ .

g]kfnsf] ljut bz jif{sf] j:t' Jofkf/ tkm{sf] lgof{tsf] k|j[lQ b]xfo cg';f/ /x]]sf] 5 .

10

tflnsf # M bz jif{sf] cfoft÷ lgof{t Pj+ Jofkf/ 3f6fsf] ljj/0f

d"No ? ca{df

cfly{s jif{ lgof{t cfoft Jofkf/ 3f6f

@)^%÷^^ 68.6 291 222.4

@)^^÷^& 60.95 375.61 314.66

@)^&÷^* 64.56 397.54 332.97

@)^*÷&( 74.09 498.16 424.07

@)^(÷&) 77.35 601.21 523.86

@)&)÷&! 91.36 722.78 631.42

@)&!÷&@ 86.64 784.58 697.94

@)&@÷&# 71.14 781.15 710.01

@)&#÷&$ 73.13 985.95 912.83

@)&$÷&% 81.33 1,245.19 1,163.86 >f]tM Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|, @)&$÷&%

o;} u/L g]kfndf cfoft x'g] k|d'v j:t'x?df k]6«f]lnod kbfy{, kmnfd tyf :6Ln / ltgsf

pTkfbgx?, dlzg/L tyf kf6{\;, oftfoftsf ;fwg / ltgsf kf6{k'hf{, On]lS6«s / On]S6«f]lgs

;fdfu|Lx?, cGg, xjfO{hxfh tyf xjfO{hxfhsf kf6{\;, tof/L kf]zfs, ;'g, rfFbL / lx/f, cf}ifwL

kf]lnlyg u|]Go'N;, /f;folgs dn, l;d]G6 lSnª\s/, b'/;~rf/sf ;fdfu|Lx? /x]sf] kfOG5 .

g]kfnsf] k}7f/L Jofkf/df ef/t, rLg, o'PO{, k|mfG;, O08f]g]lzof, yfOn]08, Sofg8f, dn]lzof,

:jL6\h/n]08, ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sf, ch]{lG6gf, leotgfd, ;fpbL c/]laof, o'qm]g k|d'v ?kdf

/x]sf 5g\.

g]kfnsf] lgof{tdf lemgf] cfsf/sf] j[l4 tyf ;fgf] cfoftg Pjd\ cfoftdf ljBdfg 7"nf] cfsf/ /

ef/L j[l4sf sf/0f d'n'ssf] Jofkf/ 3f6f aif]{gL ef/L b/n] j[l4 eO{ /x]sf] 5 .

Dffly k|:t't ul/Psf] tflnsfn] g]kfnaf6 lgof{t x'g] dfnj:t' tyf ;]jf eGbf cGo d'n'saf6

g]kfnn] v/Lb u/L cfoft ug]{ dfnj:t' / ;]jfsf] d"Nodf jif]{gL 7"nf] cGt/ x'Fb} hfFbf xfn o;sf]

!M!%=# cg'kftdf /x]sf] 5 .

11

s0ff{nL k|b]z ;DalGw SWOT ljZn]if0f M

;flxTo k'g/fjnf]sg, k|b]z ;/sf/ / lghL If]q;Fu ul/Psf] cGt/lqmofsf cfwf/df s0ff{nL

k|b]zsf ;du| kIf - ;antf, b'a{ntf, cj;/ / xfFs _ sf] ljZn]if0f ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf]

ljj/0fx? k|fKt ePsf 5g\ .

;an kIfM (Strength) b'a{n kIf (Weakness)

• ef}uf]lns ljljwtfo'Qm k|b]z,

• rLg / ef/tsf] 7"nf] hg;+Vofo'Qm ahf/ ,

• pRr d"No k|fKt x'g] ,s[lif tyf

h8La'6LhGoj:t'x?sf] pTkfbgsf] s]Gb|sf]

?kdf kl/lrt,

• lxN;f gfsf,

• g]kfnL efiffsf] pTkQL :yn, l;Ghf,

• lxGb" tyf af}4 wdf{jnDjLx?sf] nflu

wfld{s dxTjsf] k|b]z,

• ;fxl;s, wfld{s tyf P]ltxfl;s ko{6gsf

nflu cfsif{s uGtJo,

• hnljB'tsf] nflu clws ;+efjgf ePsf]

k|b]z,

• vgLh kbfy{x?sf] e08f/,

• hgzlQmsf] cefj,

• l;+rfO{ ;'ljwfsf] sdL,

• cfw'lgs k|ljlwsf] sdL,

• Eff}uf]lns ljs6tfsf sf/0f pKkflbt

j:t'x?sf] ahf/;Dd 9'jfgL ug{ pko'Qm{

ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] sdL,

• Jofkf/ k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf;df sdL -zLtu[x,

;++sng s]Gb| cflb_

12

cj;/ -Opportunity_ xfFs -Threats_

• wfld{s, ;fxl;s ko{6g tyf kbofqfsf]

nflu pko"Qm k|b]z,

• s}nfz dfg;/f]j/sf] ofqfsf] nfuL

k|j]z4f/,

• s0ff{nL k|b]zdf pTkflbt tyf ;+snLt

h8La'6Lx?sf] l5d]sL /fi6«x?df clws

dfu,

• s0ff{nL k|b]zdf pTkfbg x'g] hnljB't

ef/tLo ahf/ / cGo d'n'sx?df lgsf;L

ug{ ;lsg]

• lxN;f gfsfaf6 rLgsf] ahf/df

lgsf;Lsf] ;+efjgf,

• l5d]sL d'n'sdf s[lif Pj+ cf}Bf]lus If]qnfO{

k|fKt ;'ljwf -cg'bfg, k|f]T;fxg, 9'jfgL, aLdf,

C0fdf 5'6, Go'gQd ;dy{g d"No vl/bsf]

k|Tofe"lt ;lxt_ n] ubf{ g]kfnL s[lif pTkfbg

d"Nosf] cfwf/df sd k|lt:kwL{ x'g'

• Osf]gf]dL ckm :s]n -7"nf] kl/df0fdf pTkfbg

x'Fbf k|lt OsfO{ nfut d"Nodf x'g] sdL_sf

sf/0f ef/tLo j:t'x?;Fu g]kfnL j:t'sf]

nfut d'No t'ngfTds ?kdf a9L x'g'

• o'jf hgzlQm ljb]z knfog x'g] qmdn] ubf{

s[lif tyf cf}Bf]lus If]qdf hgzlQmsf] sdL

x'g'

s0ff{nL k|b]zsf s]xL k|d"v s[lifhGo j:t'x?sf] pTkfbg l:ylt M

tflnsf $ M vfBfGg pTkfbg l:ytL -d]=6=_

j:t' pTkfbg Wffg÷rfdn 90951

ds} 189736

sf]bf] 19001

kmfk/ 2288

ux'F 152584

hf} 13244

>f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kG5L dGqfno @)&#÷&$

13

s[lif tyf kz'klG5 dGqfno / s]lGb|o tYof+x ljefusf] tYof+s nfO{ cWoog ubf{ o; k|b]zdf s[lif

vfBjfln cGtu{tsf] ds}sf] pTkfbg sl/j 1,89,736 d]=6= ePsf] b]lvG5 . To;} u/L sf]bf]

!(,))! d]=6=,kmfk/ @,@** d]=6=,ux'F 1,52,584 d]=6= / hf} !#,@$$ d]=6 pTkfbg x'g cfPsf]

b]lvG5 .

tflnsf % M gub]afnLsf] pTkfbg l:ytL

j:t' pTkfbg -d] 6g_ cfn' 138314

t]nxg afnL (Oilseed) 6153

>f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kG5L dGqfno @)&#÷&$

tflnsf ^ M t]nhGo, d;nfhGo tyf bnxgafnLsf] pTkfbg l:ytL

j:t'sf]] gfd pTkfbg d]=6= t]nhGo pTkfbg 5107

tf]/L 4996

;/l;pF 97

/fof] 8

;g ˆnfj/ 6

d;nfhGo pTkfbg 50585

cb'jf 37691

a];f/ 6370

n;'g 4552

v'';f{gL 1947

cn}rL 25

bnxg, u]8fu'8L 7420

d';'/f] 3427

Ef6df; 2716

s]/fp 1277

>f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kG5L dGqfno @)&#÷&$

14

tflnsf & M kz'k+5Lsf] ljj/0f

kz'k+5Lsf] gfd ;+Vof s'v'/f 1400617

vl;÷jfvf 1,005,011

ufO{ j:t' 616,277

/fFu÷e}F;L 307,341

e]8f 293,537

b'w lbg] e}F;L 93301

b'w lbg] ufO{ 80856

;'Fu'/ 66504

3f]8f 44842

ofs÷rf}/L 19481

v/fof] 10435

xfF; 10409

>f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kG5L dGqfno @)&#÷&$

tflnsf * M b'Uw tyf df;'hGo pTkfbg

j:t'sf] gfd pTkfbg d]=6= df b'Uw pTkfbg 94632.5

df;'sf] pTkfbg 20049.5

df5f 73110 s]=lh= c08f 18538000 uf]6f

>f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kG5L dGqfno @)&#÷&$

tflnsf ( M e]8f / pgsf] ljj/0f

pg pTkfbg s]=lh @!%,#@^ e]8f @*(,!## uf]6f

>f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kG5L dGqfno @)&#÷&$

tflnsf !) M kmnkm'n pTkfbgsf] ljj/0f

j:t'sf] gfd pTkfbg d]= 6= ;'Gtnf k|hflt -Mandarin_ ;'Gtnf -Sweet Orange_

18473

cfFk 5060

s]/f 2647

sfutL -Lime_ sfutL -Lemon_

2381

>f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kG5L dGqfno @)&#÷&$

15

s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] cfly{sf lqmofsnfksf] l:ylt M

tflnsf !! M s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] cfly{sf lqmofsnfksf] l:ylt

cfly{s lqmofsnfk k|lti7fg ;+Vof ;+nUg hgzlQm

s[lif, jg tyf df5fkfng Joj;fo -btf{ ePsf

k|lti7fgdfq_

1590 4324

vfgL tyf pTvgg 8 59

cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg 4428 9883

ljB't, UofF;, jfkm tyf jftfg's'lnt cfk'lt{ 103 553

kfgL cfk'lt{, 9n, kmf]xf]/ Joj:yfkg tyf k|zf]wg

lqmofsnfk

79 446

lgdf{0f 108 314

yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/, df]6/ uf8L, df]6/;fOsnsf] dd{t 22728 40029

oftfoft tyf uf]bfd 197 1185

cfjf; ;'ljwf tyf vfgf Joj:yfsf lqmofsnfk 6235 13398

;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ 88 763

ljQLo tyf ljdf ;DaGwL lqmofsnfk 706 5994

3/hUuf sf/f]af/sf lqmofsnfk 2 8

k]zfut, j}1flgs tyf k|fljlws lqmofsnfk 246 484

k|zf;lgs tyf ;xof]uL lqmofsnfk 107 462

lzIff 3374 28518

Dffgj :jf:Yo tyf ;fdflhs sfo{sf lqmofsnfk 1155 5997

snf, dgf]/~hg tyf dgf]ljgf]b lqmofsnfk 46 97

cGo ;]jf lqmofsnfk ;+rfng ug]{ k|lti7fg 1607 6437

hDdf 42807 118951

16

vlgh / vlghsf pTkfbgx? M

s0ff{nL k|b]zdf pknJw vfgLx? b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf 5g\ . oL vfgLx?sf] pTvgg\ tyf

k|zf]wgaf6 b]xfodg j:t'x? pTkfbg ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf !@ M vlghsf] ljj/0f

lhNnfsf] gfd vlghsf] gfd Final Products

hfh/sf]6 Basic Rock Cement, Glass

;'v]{t Gold, Copper, Iron, Limestone, Basic Rock, Barite, Clay, Dolomite, Talc

Cement, glass, bricks, and ceramics.

b}n]v Kyanite, Basic Rock, Salt, Oil & Gas, Granite Precious stone,

sflnsf]6 Kyanite, Pyrite, Precious stone,

h'Dnf Basic Rock, Geothermal Hot Springs heat and cool buildings

?s'd -klZrd_ Copper, Gold

;Nofg Iron, Limestone, Copper, Calcite Cememt

x'Dnf Iron, Zinc, Quartz, Granite,Lead

8f]Nkf Granite, Common Salt, Brine seeps

>f]tM s]lGb|o tYofÍ ljefu

g]kfnsf] s0ff{nL k|b]znfO{ vlghsf lx;fan] ;a}eGbf wlg k|b]zsf] ?kdf x]g]{ u/LG5 . o;

k|b]zsf clwsf+z vlghx? pTvggsf] kvf{O{df /x]sf] 5g\ . o; k|b]zdf ax'd'No /TgkTy/ b]lv

lnP/ u/ uxgf lgdf{0f ug]{ ;'g, efG;fdf vfgf ksfpg] UofF;, tfdf, g'g, l;d]G6 agfpg k|of]u

x'g] Lime Stone cflb clws dfqfdf /x]sf 5g\ eg] ljZj ahf/df cToflws d"Nodf ljqmL x'Fb}

cfPsf] Kyanite klg k|z:t dfqfdf kfO{G5 . o; k|b]zdf /x]sf vfgLx?nfO{ pTvgg u/L

d"Noclej[l4 ug{ ;Sg] xf] eg] s0ff{nL k|b]znfO{ s]xL jif{ leqdf g} ;d'Ggt Pj+ wlg k|b]zsf]

?kdf x]g{ ;lsG5 . xfn ;'v]{t / hfh/sf]6df /TgkTy/sf] pTvgg u/L :yflgo :t/df ljqmL

ljt/0f ub}{ cfO{/x]sf] kfO{G5 .

s0ff{nL k|b]z cGt{/utsf lhNnfx?df kfO{g] hl8a'6Lx?sf] ljj/0fM

hl8a'6L o; k|b]zsf] hn;|f]tkl5sf] cfocfh{gsf] dxTjk"0f{ ;|f]t xf] . x/f]{, a/f]{, rl/cDnf], kf “rcf}+n], ;k{uGw, h6fd;L, t'n;L, /fdt'n;L, em\ofp, of;f{u'Daf nufotsf tdfd hl8a'6L pTkfbg, ;+sng tyf k|zf]wg u/L cf}iflw pTkfbg ug]{ sfd ug{ ;lsG5 . o;sf nflu lxdfnL If]qsf cToGt ljs6 t/ hl8a'6L pTkfbgsf b[li6n] pa{/ dflgg] e"–efudf a;f]af; ug]{ afl;Gbf hxf“ aif{df Ps afnLdfq kfS5 .

17

tflnsf !# M hl8a'6Lx?sf] ljj/0f

s0ff{nL k|b]zsf

lhNnfx?

o; If]qdf kfO{g] d'Vo hl8a'6Lx?

?s'd

-klZrd efu_

ofzf{u'Daf,kfFrcf}+n],s'l/nf],l6d'/,bflNrgL,u"hf]{,s'6\sL,kfª/,afbnkft],

af]emf],x/f]{,r'qf],cdnf,kbdrfn,;t"jf,xnxn],s"ds"d,lr/fOtf],

h6fd;L,enfof]sdn,lrp/L cflb .

;Nofg l6d'/,t]hkft,dnfu]/L,;'u'Gwu]/L,/f]hj]/L,l/7f,sfpnf]sf] af]qmf,r'qmf]sf]

af]qmf,lrp/L cflb .

8f]Nkf of;f{u'Daf ,s6'sL, lr/fO{tf] h6fd;L, xflQh/f], 8fn]r's, e6f}/L, lttf],

l;nflht, agn;'g, u'RrL Rofp,nf}6 ;Nnf, ;fwf/f0f Rofp, w'kLsf] kft,

kfFr cf}n], kfjgsf] af]qmf, hLjGtL, l/7f, ;t'jf, ef]hkq, bfnlrgL, jg

Kofh, vf]6f] bf?xNbL, em\ofp, uf]s'n w'k, ;'hfO{gf],xn],hLDa',jg,cdna]b

r'N7],h6fd;L, ;]tslrgL cfbL .

h'Dnf h6fd;L,kfvgj]b,sdnj]b,kbdrfn,;]tf]lrgL,clQ;,jg n;'g / of;f{u'Djf

cflb .

d'u' s'6\sL,;'uGwjfn,lr/fO{tf],u'RrL Rofp,l;nfhLt,dfl;h8f,e'Nt],;t'jf cflb

x'Dnf kfFrcf}+n], h6fdf;L, s6'sL, lr/fO{tf], kbdrfn, ljif, u'RrL Rofp, ltt]kftL,

plt;, afFem vf]6f], 3f]8f krf{, nf}+7 ;Nnf, r'qf], dh]7f], a]y], lsd' cflb .

sflnsf]6 lrp/L,l6d'/,3f]8fdrf{,t'n;L,8fn]r's,kfvgj]b,kbdrfn,cdn

a]b,s'6\sL,r'qf],bfnrLgLsf kft, cflb .

hfh/sf]6 cdna]b,emofp,l6d'/,s'6\sL,t]hkft,sfpnf],kfvfge]b,sfpnf],l/7f cflb .

b}n]v l6d'/,t]hkft,sfpnf],l/7f,lrp/L,Efmofp cfbL .

;'v]{t l6d'/,lrp/L,t]hkft,sfpnf],;'uGwjfn,kfvfge]b,s'l/Nnf],lr/fOtf],emofp,

d]Gyf,s]df]dfO{n,r'qf],c;f/],l;6f]g]nf,x/f]{,a/f]{,cdnf,ltt]kftL,l/7f, cfbL .

hnljB't

ljB't ljsf; ljefusf cg';f/ @)&% j}zfv !@ ut] ;Dddf g]kfnsf] s'n ljB't pTkfbg

!))^=* d]uf jf6 5 eg] o; k|b]zdf #=* d]uf jf6 5 . o;/L pTkfbg ePsf] ljB't dWo]

u08sL k|b]zdf ;a}eGbf a9L $%(=! d]ufjf6 / ;a}eGbf sd o;} k|b]zdf #=* d]ufjf6 5 .

o;}u/L o; k|b]zdf #(=& d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] ljB'u u[xx? lgdf{0fflwg cj:yfdf 5 . h'g g]kfndf

lgdf{0fsf] r/0fdf /x]sf $ xhf/ ^ ;o $! d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] cfof]hgfsf] )=*^ k|ltzt dfq xf]

. hnljB't ;DalGw ljj/0f tflnsfdf pNn]v 5 .

18

tflnsf !$ M hnljB't pTkfbg l:ylt

d]ufjf6df

ljj/0f ;+rfngdf /x]sf cfof]hgfsf]

Ifdtf

lgdf{0fflwg cfof]hgfsf] Ifdtf

s0ff{nL k|b]z 3=8 39=7

g]kfn 1006=8 4641=6

k|b]z ! 123=5 765=4

k|b]z @ 0=0 0=0

u08sL k|b]z 479=1 1404=3

k|b]z % 21=7 16=2

k|b]z & 38=5 89=3

>f]t M g]kfn ljB't k|lws/0f, @)&%

g]kfndf ljB't pTkfbg ug{sf nflu @)&% h]i7;Ddsf nflu cl3 a9fOPsf ljB't vl/b

k|lqmofx?sf] ljj/0f tflnsf !^ df /x]sf] 5 . k|s[ofdf /x]sf g]kfnsf] s'n ^,@$% d]ufjf6 dWo]

o; k|b]zsf] lx:;f (=&% k|ltzt 5 . u08sL k|b]zdf ;a}eGbf w]/} $^=(& k|ltzt / k|b]z @ df

;a}eGbf sd )=#$ k|ltzt cl3 a9]sf] 5 . s0ff{nL k|b]zdf /x]sf glbgfnfx?af6 Ifdtf

adf]lhdsf] ljB't pTkfbg ug{ ;lsPdf cGo k|b]zdf ;d]t lgof{t u/L cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{

;xh x'g hfg] b]lvG5 .

ldlt @)&%÷)@÷@) ;Dddf cl3 a9]sf ljB't vl/b ;Demf}tf -lsnf] jf6df_

tflnsf !% M ljB't vl/b ;Demf}tf ljj/0f

ljj/0f s0ff{nL g]kfn k|b]z ! k|b]z @ k|b]z # u08sL k|b]z

%

k|b]z &

hDdf

ls=jf=

^)(,))) ^@$%)$( !&$*)(# @!))) &*(@#* @(#@(** #^*) !$!)%)

k|ltzt (=&% !)) @&=(( )=#$ !@=^$ $^=(& )=)^ @=@^

>f]t M g]kfn ljB't k|lws/0f, @)&%

19

;]jf Jofkf/M

;]jf Jofkf/sf If]qdf s0ff{nL k|b]zdf ko{6gsf] ;+efjgf cGo k|b]zsf] t'ngfdf dha"t /x]sf] 5 .

ko{6g / wfld{s :ynM

s0ff{nL k|b]zdf :ju{sL cK;/fsf] ?kdf lrlgg] d''u'sf] /f/f tfn, ljZjsf] pRr :yfgdf /x]sf]

8f]Nkfsf] ;]–kmf]S;'08f] tfn, b}n]vsf] lz/:yfg Hjfnf, ;Nofgsf] s'le08] bx, ?s'dsf]

af;Lsf]6 ufFpkflnsfsf] :ofk'{ tfn, ;fgL e]/L, df}/fvf/f bx, kf]v/f bx, ;fFv bx, d'u'sf]

C0fdf]rg bx, ;'v]{tsf] a/fxf tfn, hfh'/f bx, a'na'n] tfn, P]ltxfl;s tyf wfld{s dxTj

af]s]sf] ;'v]{tsf] sfFqm]ljxf/, b]ptL ah}, b]n}vsf] k+~rsf]ifL, h'Dnfsf] rGbggfy dlGb/, kb{5g\

eg] wfld{s dxTj af]s]sf] dfg;/f]j/ ofqfsf] k|j]z4f/sf] ?kdf ;d]t of] k|b]z /x]sf] 5 .

rGbggfy bQfqo, h'Dnf

20

;]–kmf]S;'08f], 8f]Nkf

/f/f tfn, d'u'

21

tflnsf !^ M ko{6s e|d0f ljj/0f

Wildlife Tourist 736 Trekker 14828

>f]tM ko{6g dGqfno @)!&

tflnsf !& M ko{6g If]qaf6 k|fKt cfDbfgL

Length of Stay !@=^

Per Day Per Tourist Expenditure %$ US$

>f]tM ko{6g dGqfno @)!&

vf;u/L ef/tLo ko{6ssf] dfg;/f]j/sf] ofqfsf] qmddf o; k|b]zsf ljleGg :yfgx?df x'g] /ft

a;fO{;Fu} ko{6sx?n] cfkm'nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ ;fdfu|Lx? v/Lbdf vr{ x'g] /sdn] ;d]t k|b]znfO{

cfly{s nfe x'g uO{ o; If]qsf gfu/Lsx?sf] lhjg:t/ dfly p7fpg ;d]t ;xof]u k'u]sf]5 .

ofqfsf qmddf :yfgLo :t/df pTkfbg ePsf] k|fs[lts /]zfaf6 lgld{t sk8f, g]kfnL sfuhsf

x:tsnfsf ;fdfgx?, hl8a'6L tyf /TgkTy/sf ;fdfu|Lx?sf] ljqmL ljt/0fn] ;d]t o; If]qsf

u/Llasf] /]vfd'gL /x]sf gfu/Lsx?nfO{ s]xL xb;Dd /fxft x'g uPsf] kfO{G5 . o; k|b]zdf ;g\

@)!& df &#^ hgf Wild Life Tourist / !$*@* Trekker n] e|e0f u/]sf lyP eg] k|lt ko{6s

;/b/ !@=^ lbgsf] nfdf] a;fO{ a:g'sf ;fy} k|lt ko{6s k|lt lbg ?=%$ US$ vr{ u/]sf] @)!&

sf] ko{6g dGqfnosf] tYofÍaf6 b]lvG5 .

s[lifhGo, cf}Bf]lushGo, jghGo Pj+ vflghhGo j:t'x? lgof{tssf] nflu rflng' kg]{ sbdx?M

-!_ :6f]/]hsf] :yfkgf

-@_ n]jlnª / a|fl08ªsf] Joj:yf

-#_ u'0f:t/ k|df0fLs/0f

-$_ plrt 9'jfgLsf] Joj:yf

-%_ s[ifs / Joj;foLx?nfO{ k|fljlws ;xof]u, tfnLd, 9'jfgL, Jofhb/, cf}hf/, cf}ifwL cflbdf

cg'bfg / lgof{tdf ;xh k|f]T;fxgsf] Joj:yf

u'0f:t/M

;]lg6/L P08 kmfO6f] ;]lg6/L k|fjwfgsf nflu ;l6{lkms]6

n]alnª cfjZostfM :6f]/]hsf] cj:yf, ;Defljt xfgLsf/s tTjsf] hfgsf/L

cfoft cg'dlt, cfoft ul/g] pTkfbg btf{,

;'IdhLjf0f'sf] ;Ldf / Pdcf/Pn

22

s0ff{nL k|b]zdf pTkfbg x'g], lgof{t ;Defjgf ePsf, cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{

;lsg] tyf cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf ePsf j:t'x?sf] ljZn]if0f

-!_ ux'F

g]kfnsf] csf]{ k|d'v vfBafnLdf

ux'F klg kb{5 . ljZjsf] s'n ux'F

pTkfbgdf g]kfnsf] lx:;f s/Lj

)=@$ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . s[lif

tyf kz'kIfL dGqfnosf] tYofFs

cg';f/ s0ff{nL k|b]zdf ux'F

pTkfbg ! nfv %@ xhf/ % ;o

*$ d]=6 /x]sf] / cf};t /fli6«o

pkef]usf cfwf/df lx;fj ubf{

o; k|b]zdf ux'F art ePsf]

b]lvG5 . of] kl/0ffd cGt/k|b]z

Jofkf/ tyf cGo vfB pBf]udf

k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf /x]sf]

5 . o; k|b]zsf] ux'F pTkfbgsf]

lx:;f g]kfnsf] s'n ux'F pTkfbgdf *=(! k|ltzt / If]qkmndf !!=#& k|ltzt lx:;f /x]sf]

b]lvG5 . g]kfnsf] ux'Fsf] cf};t /fli6«o pTkfbsTj k|lt x]S6/ @%%$ s]hL /x]sf]df s0ff{nL

k|b]zsf] pTkfbsTj !*@$ s]hL k|lt x]S6/ dfq /x]sf] 5 . o; k|b]zsf] pTkfbsTj /fli6«o

cf};tdf k'¥ofpg ;s]sf] v08df yk ^! xhf/ d]=6 ux'F pTkfbg x'g] / of] cltl/Qm pTkfbg

cf}Bf]lus k|of]hgsf nflu cGo k|b]zdf k7fpg ;lsg] b]lvG5 . o; k|b]zdf art /x]sf] ux'F

cGo gk'u ePsf k|b]zx?df ljlqmaf6 cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/df 6]jf k'Ug uO{ o; k|b]zdf gk'u

ePsf dfnj:t'x?sf] cfk"lt{df ;xof]u k'Ug hfG5 .

23

tflnsf !* M s0ff{nL k|b]zdf ux'Fsf] pTkfbg l:ylt

s0ff{nL k|b]zdf ux'Fsf] pTkfbg l:ylt

ljj/0f kl/df0f d]=6=

pTkfbg 1,52,584 pkef]u /fli6«o cf};tdf 36,290 ;Gt'ng 1,16,294

tflnsf !( M s0ff{nL k|b]zf pTkfbg ePsf] ux'Fsf] lhNnfut ljj/0f

ux'F

lhNnf If]qkmn x]S6/df pTkfbg d]=6=df pTkfbsTj s]hL k|lt x]S6/df

8f]Nkf 2,630 4,550 1,730 d'u' 3,136 2,970 947 x'Dnf 1,018 1,075 1,056 h'Dnf 2,382 4,400 1,847 sflnsf]6 5,475 5,856 1,070 ?'s'd 5,836 12,492 1,070 ;Nofg 15,935 31,873 2,000 hfh/sf]6 13,040 18,208 1,396 b}n]v 19,694 29,570 1,501 ;'v]{t 14,510 41,590 2,866 k|b]zsf] s'n 83,657 152,584 1,824 g]kfnsf] s'n 735,850 1,879,191 2,554

>f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kG5L dGqfno @)&#÷&$

tflnsf @) M g]kfnsf] ux'F cfoftsf] ljj/0f

g]kfnsf] ux'F cfoftsf] ljj/0f -cfly{s jif{ @)&$÷&%_

b]z kl/df0f d]=6=df d"No ?=ca{df k|ltzt lx:;f k|lt s]hL d"No ? df

ef/t 104895.5 2.84 99.99 27.09

cGo 3.5278 0.00 0.01 70.57

s'n 104899.1 2.84 100.00 27.09 >f]tM Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|, @)&$÷&%

s[lif tyf kz'k+IfL dGqfno pTkfbg ;DaGwL tYofÍ tyf s]lGb|o tYofÍ ljefusf] tYof+s cg';f/

dfgjn] k|ltlbg pkef]u ug{] kl/df0f -k|lt jif{ k|lt Jolt @!=@ s]=hL_ nfO{ x]bf{ g]kfn ux'Fdf

artdf /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnn] cf=j @)&$.&% sf] cfoft tYofÍ x]bf{ d'n'sdf sl/j @=*$ c/j

24

?k}of a/fa/sf] 104899.1 d]=6= ux'F cfoft u/]sf] b]lvG5 . of] ux'F dfgj pkef]usf ;fYf}

ljleGg dlb/f HfGo pBf]u, kz'kIfLsf] cfxf/ -bfgf_, cf]6\;, sGkm|]NS; cflbdf pkof]u eO/x]sf] 5

. olb d'n'sdf l:f+rfO, pGgt hftsf] aLp / ;dodf dnx? k'¥ofpg ;lsPdf clws pTkfbg

eO{ cfoftnfO{ Go"g ug{ ;lsG5 .

-@_ ds}

g]kfnsf] csf]{ k|d'v vfBafnLdf ds}

klg kb{5 . ljZjsf] s'n ds}

pTkfbgdf g]kfnsf] lx:;f s/Lj )=@)

k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . s[lif tyf kz'kIfL

dGqfnosf] tYofFs cg';f/ s0ff{nLdf

ds} pTkfbg ! nfv *( xhf/ & ;o

#^ d]=6 /x]sf] / cf};t /fli6«o

pkef]usf cfwf/df lx;fj ubf{ o;

k|b]zdf ds}sf] art ePsf] b]lvG5 . of]

kl/0ffd cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ tyf cGo

vfB pBf]udf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]

;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . o; k|b]zsf] ds}

pTkfbgsf] lx:;f g]kfnsf] s'n ds}

pTkfbgdf *=@% k|ltzt / If]qkmndf

(=&% k|ltzt lx:;f /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

ds}sf] cf};t /fli6«o pTkfbsTj @%%% s]hL /x]sf]df s0ff{nL k|b]zdf ds}sf] pTkfbsTj

@!^! s]hL k|lt x]S6/ /x]sf] 5 . o; k|b]zsf] ds}sf] pTkfbsTj /fli6«o cf};tdf k'¥ofpg

;s]sf] v08df yk #% xhf/ d]=6 ds} o; k|b]zdf pTkfbg x'g] b]lvG5 . of] yk pTkfbg

cf}Bf]lus k|of]hg tyf kz' cfxf/ pTkfbgdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .

25

tflnsf @! M s0ff{nL k|b]zdf ds}sf] pTkfbg l:ylt

s0ff{nL k|b]zdf ds}sf] pTkfbg l:ylt

ljj/0f kl/df0f d]=6=

pTkfbg 1,89,736 pkef]u /fli6«o cf};tdf 27,639.4 ;Gt'ng 1,62,096.6

tflnsf @@ M s0ff{nL k|b]zdf pTkfbg ePsf] ds}sf] lhNnfut ljj/0f

ds}

lhNnf If]qkmn x]S6/df pTkfbg d]=6=df pTkfbsTj s]hL k|lt x]S6/df

8f]Nkf 2,205 2,800 1,270 d'u' 550 825 1,500 x'Dnf 129 215 1,667 h'Dnf 4,500 6,307 1,402 sflnsf]6 2,932 5,736 1,956 ?'s'd 8,141 17,770 1,091 ;Nofg 19,850 41,598 2,096 hfh/sf]6 14,095 31,734 2,251 b}n]v 20,150 44,268 2,197 ;'v]{t 15,251 38,483 2,523 k|b]zsf] s'n 87,803 189,736 2,161 g]kfnsf] s'n 900,288 2,300,121 2,555 k|b]zsf] lx:;f k|ltztdf 9.75 8.25

>f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kG5L dGqfno @)&#÷&$

tflnsf @# M g]kfnsf] ds} cfoftsf] ljj/0f

g]kfnsf] ds} cfoftsf] ljj/0f

b]z kl/df0f d]=6=df d"No ? ca{df k|ltzt lx:;f k|lt s]hL d"No ? df

ef/t 460,228 11.5 96.7 25.03 cGo 6,624 0.4 3.3 59.36 s'n 466,852 11.9 100.0 25.51

>f]tM Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|, @)&$÷&%

s[lif tyf kz'k+IfL dGqfno pTkfbg ;DaGwL tYofÍ tyf s]lGb|o tYofÍ ljefusf] tYof+s cg';f/

dfgjn] k|ltlbg pkef]u ug{] kl/df0f -k|lt jif{ k|lt Jolt !&=^ s]=hL_ nfO{ x]bf{ g]kfn ds}df

artdf /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnn] cf=j @)&$.&% sf] cfoft tYofÍ x]bf{ d'n'sdf sl/j !!=() c/j

?k}of a/fa/sf] $,^^,*%@ d]= ds} cfoft u/]sf] b]lvG5 . of] ds} dfgj pkef]usf ;fYf} ljleGg

26

dlb/f HfGo pBf]u, kz'kIfLsf] cfxf/ -bfgf_, cf]6\;, sGkm|]NS; cflbdf pkof]u eO/x]sf] 5 . olb

d'n'sdf l:f+rfO, pGgt hftsf] aLp / ;dodf dnx? k'¥ofpg ;lsPdf clws pTkfbg eO{

cfoftnfO{ Go"g ug{ ;lsG5 .

-#_ cfn'

s0ff{nL k|b]z ;a} df};ddf kmNg] cfn'sf

nflu pko'Qm k|b]zsf ?kdf /x]sf] 5 .

s[lif tyf kz'kIfL dGqfnosf] tYofFs

cg';f/ cfn' pTkfbg x'g] If]qkmnsf

cfwf/df k|b]zsf] lx:;f sl/j ^ k|ltzt

/x]sf] 5 eg] d'n'ssf] s'n cfn'

pTkfbgdf o; k|b]zsf] lx:;f sl/j % k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] cfn'sf] pTkfbsTj

/fli6«o cf};tsf] eGbf sd /x]sf]n] cfn' pTkfbgsf] k|ljlwdf ;'wf/ Nofpg ;s]sf] v08df

o; k|b]zdf yk @^ xhf/ d]=6= cfn' pTkfbg x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 . of] yk pTkfbg cGo

k|b]ztkm{ k7fpg ;lsg] / o;af6 cfn'sf] cfoftnfO{ s]xL xb;Dd k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;Sg]

b]lvG5 .

tflnsf @$ M s0ff{nL k|b]zdf cfn'sf] pTkfbg l:ylt

s0ff{nL k|b]zdf cfn'sf] pTkfbg l:ylt

ljj/0f kl/df0f d]=6=

pTkfbg 1,38,314 pkef]u /fli6«o cf};tdf 51,182 ;Gt'ng 87,134

tflnsf @% M s0ff{nL k|b]zdf pTkfbg ePsf] cfn'sf] lhNnfut ljj/0f

cfn'

lhNnf If]qkmn x]S6/df pTkfbg

d]=6=df

pTkfbsTj s]hL k|lt

x]S6/df

8f]Nkf 900 10465 11628

d'u' 587 5623 9579

x'Dnf 1024 7784 7602

27

h'Dnf 2600 26500 10192

sflnsf]6 1521 17813 11711

?'s'd 796.5 11765 7385

;Nofg 872 8349.6 9575

hfh/sf]6 720 5777 8024

b}n]v 1670 18717 11208

;'v]{t 1177 25520 21682

k|b]zsf] s'n 11867.5 138313.6 11655

g]kfnsf] s'n 194115 2691037 13863

k|b]zsf] lx:;f k|ltztdf 6 5

>f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kG5L dGqfno @)&#÷&$

tflnsf @^ M g]kfnsf] cfn' cfoftsf] ljj/0f

g]kfnsf] cfn' cfoftsf] ljj/0f

b]z kl/df0f d]=6=df d"No ? ca{df k|ltzt lx:;f k|lt s]hL

d"No ? df

ef/t 360,297 5.95 96.34 16.50

aFunfb]z 17,479 0.23 3.66 12.94

cGo 1 0.00 0.00 24.14

>f]tM Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|, @)&$÷&%

g]kfnsf] k|d'v t/sf/Ldf cfn' klg kb{5 . ljZjsf] s'n cfn' pTkfbgdf g]kfnsf] lx:;f @^ cf}+

:yfg ;lxt g]kfnsf] s'n lx:;f s/Lj )=& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . s[lif tyf kz'kIfL dGqfnosf]

tYofFs cg';f/ s0ff{nL k|b]zdf cfn' pTkfbg 1 nfv #* xhf/ # ;o !$ d]=6 /x]sf] 5 . s'n

cfn' pTkfbg If]qkmndf s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] lx:;f ^=!! k|ltzt / s'n b]zsf] pTkfbgdf %=!#

k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 eg] Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|sf] tYofÍ cg';f/ cf=j= @)&$÷&% df

g]kfnn] sl/a ?=^=!* ca{ a/fa/sf] #&,&&&& d]=6= cfn' cGo d'n'saf6 cfoft u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

-$_ :ofpm

g]kfnsf] :ofpm pTkfbgdf pknJw If]qkmn dWo]

s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] lx:;f ^^ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 eg]

s'n pTkflbt If]qkmndf o; k|b]zsf] lx:;f %$

k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . d'n'ssf] s'n :ofpm

pTkfbgdf s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] lx:;f $! k|ltzt

28

/x]sf] 5 . d'n'ssf] cf};t /fli6«o :ofpm

pTkfbsTjnfO{ sfod ub}{ / :ofpm pTkfbg x'g] ;a}

If]qkmndf :ofpm v]tL lj:tf/ ug{ ;Sg] xf] eg] o;

k|b]zdf sl/j $! xhf/ d]=6= yk :ofpm pTkfbg

x'g ;Sb5 . o;/L pTkfbg x'g] :ofpmn] d'n'ssf]

:ofpm cfoftsf] 7"nf] lx:;f k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;Sg] /

cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvG5 .

tflnsf @& M lhNnfut :ofp pTkfbgsf] ljj/0f

lhNnf pknJw If]qkmn

x]S6/df

:ofpm pTkfbg

eO{/xsf] If]qkmn

pTkfbg

d]=6=df

pTkfbsTj s]hL

k|lt x]S6/df

8f]Nkf 950 315 1,150 3.65

d'u' 1,090 314 1,346 4.29

x'Dnf 490 190 771 4.06

h'Dnf 3,325 850 3,500 4.12

sflnsf]6 1,500 212 836 3.94

?'s'd 233 113 463

;Nofg 64

hfh/sf]6 135

b}n]v 73

;'v]{t 19

k|b]zsf] s'n 7,879 1,994 8,066 4.05

g]kfnsf] s'n 12,015 3,707 19,850 5.36

k|b]zsf] lx:;f

k|ltztdf 66 54 41

>f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kG5L dGqfno @)&#÷&$

29

tflnsf @* M g]kfnsf] :ofpm cfoftsf] ljj/0f

g]kfnsf] :ofpm cfoftsf] ljj/0f

b]z kl/df0f d]=6=df d"No ? ca{df k|ltzt lx:;f k|lt s]hL d"No ? df

rLg 79,877 4.67 83.9 58

ef/t 12,488 0.87 15.7 70

cGo 193 0.03 0.5 140

>f]tM Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|, @)&$÷&%

Xfn g]kfnn] rLg, ef/t nufotsf cGo d'n\'saf6 sl/a ?=%=%& ca{ ?k}+of a/fa/sf] (@,%%*

d]=6= :ofpm cfoft ul//x]sf] dflysf] Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|sf] cf=j @)&$÷&% sf]

tflnsfaf6 b]lvG5 . k|wfgdGqL s[lif cfw'lgs/0f kl/of]hgfsf] b:tfj]h @)&#÷&$ df h'DnfnfO{

:ofp v]tLsf] nfuL ;'k/ hf]gdf /flvPsf] 5 . o;/L :jb]zdf g} :ofp v]tLnfO{ lj:tf/ ug{

;Sg] xf] eg] k|b]znfO{ :ofp tkm{ cfTdlge{/ u/fpg ;d]t ;lsg] b]lvG5 .

-%_ pmgM

s0ff{nL k|b]z e]8f kfngsf] s]Gb|sf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5

. g]kfnsf] s'n e]8fsf] ;+Vofdf o; k|b]zsf]

lx:;f $( k|ltzt / pmg pTkfbgdf o; k|b]zsf]

lx:;f #^ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 eg] k|lt e]8f cf};t

pmg pTkfbg )=&$ s]hL /x]sf] 5 . Go'hLn]08sf]

k|lte]8f k|lt jif{ pTkfbg %=$ s]hL /x]sf]

;Gbe{df pQm :t/ sfod ug]{ u/L o; k|b]zdf

e]8fkfng If]qsf] ljsf; ug{] xf] eg] o; k|b]zdf

dfq} sl/j ! xhf/ @ ;o d]=6= yk pmg pTkfbg

ug{ ;lsG5 . o;af6 7"nf] kl/df0fdf pmgsf]

cfofot k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf b]lvG5 .

h;af6 cfoft k|lt:yfkg x'Fb} Jofkf/ 3f6f

Go"lgs/0f ug{df 6]jf k'Ug hfG5 .

30

tflnsf @( M lhNnfut ?kdf pmgsf] pTkfbg ljj/0f

pmg

lhNnf e]8fsf] ;+Vof pmg s]=hL pTkfbsTj s]hL k|lt e]8f

8f]Nkf 34018 25078 0.74

d'u' 46045 33890 0.74

x'Dnf 29101 21622 0.74

h'Dnf 70670 55570 0.79

sflnsf]6 33705 23000 0.68

?'s'd 14007 10407 0.74

;Nofg 15462 11488 0.74

hfh/sf]6 24326 18074 0.74

b}n]v 14774 10977 0.74

;'v]{t 7025 5220 0.74

k|b]zsf] s'n 289133 215326 0.74

g]kfnsf] s'n 801975 594312 0.74

k|b]zsf] lx:;f

k|ltztdf 49 36 >f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kG5L dGqfno @)&#÷&$

tflnsf #) M g]kfnsf] pmg cfoftsf] ljj/0f

b]z kl/df0f d]=6=df d"No ? ca{df k|ltzt lx:;f k|lt s]hL d"No ? df

rLg 1,510 2.17 65.46 1,439

Go'hLn]08 2,491 0.73 21.91 292

ef/t 1,442 0.29 8.733 201

cGo 97 0.13 3.892 1,326

s'n 5,540 3.32 100 599

>f]tM Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|, @)&$÷&%

s0ff{nL k|b]zsf lxdfnL lhNnfx? 8f]Nkf, d'u', x'Dnf, h'Dnf, hfh/sf]6 nufotsf lhNnfx?df

r/0f If]q k|z:t /x]sfn] e]8fkfng Jofj;fosf] k|r'/ ;+efjgf /x]sf] 5 . o; If]qdf e]8f

kfngnfO{ lj:tf/ ub}{ n}hfg ;s]df xfn g]kfnn] rLg, Go"hNof08, ef/t nufotsf d"n"sx?af6

cfoft ul//x]sf] pmgnfO{ k|lt:yfkg ub} Jofkf/ 3f6f Go"lgs/0fdf ;xof]u x'g hfG5 .

h'Dnfdf /x]sf] ;/sf/L e]8L kmfd{n] xfn a|flhn nufot cGo b]zx?af6 pGgt hftsf e]8f NofO{

pmg pTkfbgsf] u'0ffTds j[l4sf nflu lg//Gt/ k|of; ul//x]sf] 5 . o;/L xfn s[ifsfn] kfng

ul//x]sf e]8fx?af6 cf}iftdf sd pTkfbg x'Fb} cfPsf]n] klg pGgt hftsf e]8fx? NofO{ e]8f

31

kfng Jofj;fo lj:tf/ ug{ ;lsg] b]lvG5 . e]8fsf pmgx?af6 vf;u/L km]N6sf ;fdfu|L, un}{rf,

;f]O{6/, dkmn/, df]hf nufotsf pmgLhGo ;dfu|Lx? lgdf{0f x'Fb} cfO{/x]sf] kfO{G5 .

-^_ cb'jf

cb'jf v]tLsf nflu ;d'› ;txaf6

^ ;ob]lv ! xhf/ ^ ;o

ld6/;Dd prfO ePsf] dWokxf8L

e"–efu pko'Qm x'G5 . Onfd,

kfNkf, ;Nofg, gjnk/f;L, 8f]6L,

df]/ª, c3f{vfFrL, tgx'F, sf:sL,

:ofª\hf / ef]hk'/ cb'jf pTkfbg

x'g] k|d'v lhNnf x'g\ .

cb'jf cf}Bf]lus afnLsf ¿kdf

kl/dflh{t x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . kl5Nnf

jif{df h';, Sof08L, af:gfbf/ t]n

tyf :ofDk'df cb'jfsf] k|of]u x'g

yfn]sf] 5 . cfo'j]{lbs cf}iflw tyf

z[Ëf/sf ;fdu|L agfpg klg o;sf]

k|of]u a9]sf] 5 . cf}iflw tyf

d;nfsf ¿kdf a9L k|of]u x'g]

cb'jfsf] Jofj;flos v]tL g]kfndf ^% lhNnfdf Jofj;flos v]tL z'¿ eO;s]sf] 5 .

cb'jfsf] k|of]u

cb'jf vf; u/]/ d;nfsf] ¿kdf k|of]u ul/G5 . cfo'j]{lbs cf}iflw, la:s'6, s]s, kfp/f]6L,

ljo/, dlb/f cflbdf klg k|of]u ug]{ ul/G5 . vf]sL nfu]sf], ?3f nfu]sf], ckr, lgdf]lgof,

Zjf;sf] ;d:of, k]6 b'v]sf], :j/ a;]sf], hf]gL{ b'v]sf] nufot cGo y'k|} ;d:ofsf] lgbfgsf

32

nflu cb'jfnfO{ cf}iflwsf ¿kdf k|of]u ug]{ ul/G5 . tfhf cb'jfnfO{ ;f]em} cyjf ;'7f]sf]

w'nf]sf ¿kdf k|of]u ug]{ ul/G5 .

g]kfndf cb'jfsf] pTkfbg l:yltM

g]kfndf cf=j @)&) / &! df cb'jf @$@@^ x]S6/ If]qkmndf @&^!%) d]=6= pTkfbg eO{

!!=$) d]=6=÷x]= pTkfbsTj /x]sf] b]lvG5 . cb'jfsf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj pNn]Vo ?kifn]

a9]sf] b]lvb}g . pQm tYof+s cg';f/ pTkfbg If]qkmn cf=j= @)&)÷&! b]vL cf=j= @)&@÷&#

;Dd qmdzM 36\b} uPsf] cj:yfdf pTkfbsTj ;du|df a9]sf] b]lvG5. To;}u/L cf=j= @)&#÷&$

sf] t'ngfdf cf=j= @)&$÷&% df pTkfbg If]qkmn 36]sf] ePtf klg pTkfbsTj a9]sf] b]lvG5 .

cf=j @)&)÷&! df cb'jf @$@@^ x]S6/ If]qkmndf @&^!%) d]=6= pTkfbg eO{ !!=$) d]=6=÷x]=

pTkfbsTj /x]sf] b]lvG5 . cb'jfsf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj pNn]Vo ?kn] a9]sf] b]lvb}g . pQm

tYof+s cg';f/ pTkfbg If]qkmn cf=j= @)&)÷&! b]vL cf=j= @)&@÷&# ;Dd qmdzM 36\b}

uPsf] cj:yfdf pTkfbsTj ;du|df a9]sf] b]lvG5 . To;}u/L cf=j= @)&#÷&$ sf] t'ngfdf

cf=j= @)&$÷&%df pTkfbg If]qkmn 36]sf] ePtf klg pTkfbsTj a9]sf] b]lvG5 .

cb'jfnfO{ k|zf]wg u/]/ ljleGg k|sf/sf ;'ulGwt t]n agfpg ;lsG5 eg] csf]{tkm{ kfp8/,

Sof08L, ;"7f] cflbsf] ?kdf klg k|zf]wg u/L tof/ ug{ ;lsG5 . g]kfnsf] ;Dk"0f{ cb'jf pTkfbg

If]qdf v]tL lj:tf/ ug{ ;s]df pTkfbgdf pNn]Vo dfqfdf j[l4 ug{ ;lsg] b]lvG5 . g]kfndf

pTkfbg ePsf] cb'jfnfO{ sRrf kbfy{sf] ?kdf geO{ d"Noclej[l4 u/]/ lgsf;L ug]{ xf] eg] o;n]

r'lnFbf] Jofkf/ 3f6f sd ug{ s]lx xb;Dd ePklg ;xof]u k'Ug hfG5 .

tflnsf #! M g]kfnsf] cb'jfsf] pTkfbg ljj/0f

cf=j= If]qkmn x]= pTkfbg d]=6= pTkfbsTj d]=6=÷x]

@)&)÷&! @$@@^ @&^!%) !!=$)

@)&!÷&@ @#*@^ @$@%$& !)=!*

@)&@÷&# @!*^( @&!*^# !@=$#

@)&#÷&$ @@^$( @&(%)$ !@=#$

@)&$÷&% !(^$( @$$@(^ !@=$#

>f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kG5L dGqfno @)!(

33

k|b]zdf cb'jfsf] pTkfbg l:yltM

cf=j= @)&#÷&$ sf] tYof+s cg';f/ s0ff{nL k|b]zdf s'n @(#^ x]S6/ If]qkmndf cb'jf v]tL

eO{ !@=*@ pTkfbsTj /xg uPsf] 5 eg] #&,^(! d]=6 pTkfbg ePsf] b]lvG5 . h'g /fli6«o

pTkfbsTj !@ d]=6= eGbf dfly /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf #@ M s0ff{nL k|b]zdf pTkfbg ePsf] cb'jfsf] ljj/0f

pTkfbg If]qkmn x]= pTkfbg d]=6= pTkfbsTj d]=6=÷x]=

@(#^ #&,^(! !@=*@

tflnsf ## M cb'jf cfoft ug]{ b]zx?sf] ljj/0f

Product : 091011 Ginger, neither crushed nor ground

b]z cfoft d'No @)!*

-USD xhf/_

cfoft kl/df0f,

@)!*

kl/df0f

O{sfO

O{sfO d'No (USD/unit)

ljZj 847132 716546 6g 1182

o'=P;=P= 112592 84701 6g 1329

g]b/Nof08 99495 73024 6g 1362

hfkfg 86805 59127 6g 1468

kfls:tfg 82470 92799 6g 889

hd{gL 45420 17577 6g 2584

a]nfot 33389 22921 6g 1457

a+unfb]z 33283 53826 6g 618

o'=P=O{ 30733 42234 6g 728

;f]leot ?; 25397 10466 6g 2427

Sofg8f 24500 16772 6g 1461

leotgfd 22071 23746 6g 929

;fpbL c/a 21383 27427 6g 780

dn]l;of 20805 27775 6g 749

ef/t 18899 21249 6g 889 श्रोतः विश्िव्यापार संगठन (ITC Trade map)

g]kfndf pTkfbg ePsf] clwsf+z cb'jf ef/t lgsf;L x'g] u/]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)!* sf] ljZj

Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] 6«]8 Dofksf] 8f6fnfO{ x]bf{ ;a}eGbf w]/} cb'jf cfoft ug]{ b]z o'=P;=P= /x]sf] 5

eg] ;a} eGbf a9L k|lt6g d'Nodf coft ug]{ hd{gL /x]sf] b]lvG5 . ef/tn] k|lt 6g d'Nof **(

o'=P;=8n/sf b/n] cb'jf v/Lb u/]sf] b]lvG5 hd{gLn] k|lt 6g d'No @%*$ o'=P;=8n/df v/Lb

u/]sf] b]lvG5 . o;af6 g]kfnL cb'jfnfO{ hd{gLsf] ahf/df lgsf;L ug{ ;lsg] xf] eg] clws

d'No k|fKt x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 . o;af6 Jofkf/ 3f6f sd ug{ ;xof]u k'Ug hfg] b]lvG5 .

34

hl8j'6L (Medicinal Herbs) H.S. Code:

lxdfnL / pRr kxfl8 e'–agf]6af6

l;Ëfl/Psf] b]z g]kfndf k|z:t pRr

lxd>ª\vnf Pj+ pj{/ e"ld k|z:t dfqfdf

/x]sf] 5 . b]zsf] & j6f k|b]z dWo]df

s0ff{nL k|b]z hl8a'6Lsf] vfgLsf] ?kdf

kl/lrt 5 . oxfFsf pRr lxdfnL e]ux?df

ljZjd} b'ne dflgg] of;f{u'Daf, kfFrcf}n],

l;nflht, h6fdl;, lr/fO{tf], ;'uGwjfn

nufotsf hl8a'6Lx? k|z:t dfqfdf /x]sf] 5 . o;/L k|fKt x'g] hl8a'6Lx?sf] v]tL k|0ffnL

ckgfpg l9nf u/L :jtM k|s[ltdf pknAw h8La'6Ldf dfq lge{/ /x]df sfnfGt/df s]xL

hl8a'6Lx? Nff]k x'g ;Sg] x'Fbf k|b]znfO{ dfq geP/ /fi6«nfO{ g} 3f6f x'g hfg] b]lvG5 . t;y{

hl8a'6Lx?sf] ;+/If0 ub} sfnfGt/;Dd lgsf;L ug{sf] nflu Jofj;foLs hl8a'6L v]tL k|0ffnL

tTsfn nfu' ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . ljZjjhf/df ;g\ @)!$ df hl8j'6Lsf] @(# s/f]8 o'=o;=8n/

j/fj/sf] lgsf;L ePsf]df g]kfnaf6 ! s/f]8 #) nfv cyf{t ljZjjhf/sf] s'n lgsf;Lsf]

)=$$ k|ltzt ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;} u/L g]kfnaf6 @)!% df )=@)Ü ,@)!^ df )=@#Ü ,@)!& df

)=@&Ü / @)!* df )=##Ü ljZjdf lgsf;Lsf] lx:;f /x]sf] b]lvG5 . hl8j'6Lsf] lgsf;L /sddf

;g\ @)!% df s]xL 36]sf] ePtfklg ;g\ @)!^ b]lv k'g a9bf] qmddf lgsf;L ePsf] b]lvPsf]

x'bf hl8j'6Lsf] Jofkf/ g]kfnsf] kIfdf /x]sf] kfOG5 .

tflnsf #$ M ljZj ahf/df hl8a'6Lsf] lgof{tsf] cj:yf

o'lg6M o'=P;= 8n/, xhf/df

lgof{tstf{ b]z lgof{t d'No,

@)!$ lgof{t d'No,

@)!% lgof{t d'No,

@)!^ lgof{t d'No,

@)!& lgof{t d'No,

@)!* ljZj 2,933,320 2,591,039 2,604,753 2,703,136 2,778,401

rLg 1,107,507 902,560 842,452 825,110 689,005

ef/t 238,705 237,303 259,332 291,946 308,706

hd{gL 159,860 150,841 150,439 173,591 186,914

o'=P;=P= 89,576 84,088 111,815 114,578 132,439

O{lhK6 130,388 118,720 119,107 114,403 110,497

:k]g 71,604 69,165 81,900 86,758 87,650

g]kfn 12,909 5,265 6,120 7,301 9,209

g]kfnsf] of]ubfg

lx:;f % df 0.44 0.20 0.23 0.27 0.33

श्रोतःTEPC/ITC

35

tflnsf #% M ljZj ahf/df hl8a'6Lsf] cfoftsf] cj:yf

o'lg6M o'=P;= 8n/, xhf/df

cfoftstf{

b]z

cfoft d'No,

@)!$

cfoft d'No,

@)!%

cfoft d'No,

@)!^

cfoft d'No,

@)!&

cfoft d'No,

@)!*

World ljZj 2,755,305 2,518,126 2,534,909 2,651,769 2,888,297

o'=P;=P= 360,010 354,201 361,773 370,436 413,930

hd{gL 260,232 237,137 250,600 280,690 330,645

hfkfg 228,236 206,737 206,037 208,975 212,404

tfO{k]O{, rLg 84,751 97,227 109,493 106,516 123,193

xªsª,rLg 135,802 116,512 111,518 98,561 111,254

ef/t 68,500 69,149 69,663 60,735 78,994

rLg 170,825 96,971 66,603 50,501 72,744

leotgfd 26,711 32,269 20,912 26,360 69,466

श्रोतःTEPC/ITC

nlIft jhf/M g]kfndf pTkfbg Pj+ ;ªsng ePsf clwsf+; hl8a'6Lx? ef/t lgsf;L x'g] u/]sf]

5 . dflysf] tflnsfaf6 ljZjsf] hl8a'6L cfoftsf] ;g\ @)!$ b]vL @)!* ;Ddsf] tYof+s

cWoog ubf{ cd]l/sf, hd{gL ,xËsË, hfkfg, tfOk]O–lrg, / xªsË–lrgn] ljZjaf6 hl8j'6Lsf]

7'nf] lx:;f cfoft u/]sf] b]lvPsf]n] ef/tsf] cnfjf pNn]lvt jhf/df g]kfnL hl8j'6L lgsf;L

ug{ pko'Qm x'g] b]lvG5 .

36

vfBj:t'x? lgof{tdf u'0f:t/sf k|fjwfgx? M

6]«;]laln6L ;DjGwL k|fjwfgx?

vfB ;'/Iff w]/} b]zx?sf gful/sx?sf nflu a9\bf] ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo ePsf] 5 . hgfj/df nfu]sf

/f]ux? / vfB j:t'x?df k|of]u x'g] ljiffbLn] vfB ;'/IffnfO{ k|efljt ul/x]sf] ;Gbe{df k|b'lift

vfB ;fdfu|Lx?sf] klxrfg x'g' clt cfjZos eO{ ;s]]sf] 5 . o;}sf nflu vfB j:t'x?df

Traceability sf] cjwf/0ffsf] ljsf; eO{ ljleGg ljsl;t b]zx?n] o; cjwf/0ffnfO{ cfkm\gf]

d'n'ssf] vfB cfk"lt{ k|0ffnLsf] cleGg cFusf ?kdf cFuLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ .

cfO=P;=cf]= cg';f/ Traceability eGgfn] vfB kbfy{sf] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg / ljt/0f k|lqmofsf]

ultnfO{ cg'udg ug]{ k|lqmof xf] eGg] a'lemG5 . Traceability k|0ffnLn] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg /

ljt/0f k|lqmofdf x/]s txsf] ;"rgfx? ;dfj]z u/]sf] x'gfn] of] k|0ffnL nfu' u/]sf] v08df

pTkflbt vfB j:t'x?sf] ljZj;lgotfdf j[l4 eO{ pQm j:t'x?sf] lgof{t ;xh x'g] b]lvG5 .

o'/f]lkog o'lgog, ;+o['Qm /fHo cd]l/sf, hfkfg, ci6«]lnof, Sofg8f nufotsf ljsl;t b]zx?df

Traceability k|0ffnL nfu' u/L vfB j:t'sf] u'0f:t/;DjGwL PsLg ug]{ Joj:yf ePsf] x'Fbf

g]kfnn] klg vfB j:t'sf] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg, 9'jfgL, e08f/0f / ljt/0f nufotsf If]qdf

Traceability k|0ffnLnfO{ nfu' ug'{ cfjZos b]lvG5 . o;sf nflu pTkfbs s[ifs, ;+sns,

k|zf]wg pBf]u, 9'jfgLstf{ / ljt/sx?nfO{ Traceability k|0ffnLdf kf]Vt agfpg pgLx?sf]

Ifdtf clej[l4 ug'{ cfjZos 5 .

cGo u}/ eG;f/ dfkgx?

-!_ ef/tdf vfB kbfy{ lgof{t ug{ b]xfosf k|lqmofx? k'/f ug'{kb{5 .

-s_ ef/tLo vfB k|of]uzfnfsf] k|df0fkq lng h?/L 5 .

-v_ £o", t]n / k|zf]lwt vfBj:t'x? lgof{t ubf{ ef/tLo Food Safety and Standards

(Packaging and Labelling) Second Amendment Regulations, 2013 sf] k|fjwfg

adf]lhd fat content pNn]v ug'{ h?/L 5 .

37

-u_ General Grading and Marking Rules, 1988 sf] k|fjwfg adf]lh s[lif pTkfbgsf]

u'0f:t/sf af/]df n]alnªsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] x''gkb{5 .

-3_ Food Safety and Standards (Food Import) Regulations, 2016 sf] k|fjwfg

cg';f/ x/]s vfBfGgsf] Kofs]6df clgjfo{ ?kdf ldlt ;lxtsf] Dofb tf]lsPsf] x'g'kb{5 .

-ª_ Food Safety and Standards (Packaging and Labelling) Regulations, 2011 sf]

k|fjwfg cg';f/ Kofs]lhª :6f088{, kf]ifs tTj, v'b kl/df0f, pTkfbg ldlt, df+zfxf/L

kbfy{ k|of]u ePsf] eP ;f] ;d]t pNn]v u/L pTkfbgsf] gfd / 7]ufgf tyf k|of]u u/L

;Sg'kg]{ ldlt ;d]t :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v ePsf] x'g'kb{5 .

-r_ Sjf/]06fOg ;DjGwL k|fjwfgx?

-@_ O{=o'=sf b]zx?df vfB kbfy{ lgof{t ug{ b]xfosf k|lqmofx? k'/f ug'{kb{5

-s_ o'/f]lkog sldzgsf] MRLs ;DjGwL k|fjwfgx?

-v_ Oo' b]zx?df vfB j:t'sf] u'0f:t/ lglZrt ug{ nfu' u/]sf] Traceability ;DjGwL

k|fjwfgx?

-u_ vfB j:t'x?sf] n]jlnª ;DjGwL b]xfosf k|fjwfgx?M

Allergens in the list of ingredients;

Energy value

The amounts of fat, saturates, carbohydrate, sugars, protein and salt

-#_ d':nLd b]zx?df vfB j:t'x? lgof{t ubf{ xnfn k|df0fkq clgjfo{ ?kdf cfjZos x'G5 .

-$_ rLgtkm{ lgof{t ubf{ Import and Export Commodity Inspection Law of the Peoples

Republic of China, df pNn]lvt k|fjwfgx? k'/f ugkg]{ x'G5 .

-%_ ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfdf vfB ;fdfu|Lx? lgof{t ubf{ ToxfFsf] Food & Drug Administration

Act df pNn]lvt k|fjwfgx? k'/f ug{kg]{ x'G5 .

38

Jofkf/ ;Dj4 ;/f]sf/sf ljifox? M

Jofkf/ k|j4{gdf ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] :yfkgf

• d'n'saf6 lgof{t ug{ ;lsg] pknJw j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] Jojl:yt ;"rgf k|jfx x'g clt

h?/L 5 . o:tf] ;"rgf k|0ffnLn] ;"rgf / e"uf]n Pj+ k|of]ustf{jLr h'g ;DjGw :yflkt

ug]{ ub{5 To;n] :yfg ljz]ifsf ljz]iftfx?, ;"rgfx?, tYofFsx? k|of]ustf{sf nflu

pknJw u/fpF5 . :yfgLo qm]tf / jflx/sf ljqm]tfx?nfO{ hf]8\g], :yfgLo pTkfbgx?nfO{

;"rgf k|ljlwsf] ljZjJofkL ;~hfndf hf]8\b} d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug]{ of] sfo{ ug]{ pko'Qm

dfWodx? dWo] :yfgLo :t/df pknJw j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] ef}uf]lns ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf]

:yfkgf ug]{, Jojl:yt ?kdf :yfgLo / k|b]z:t/df ljB'tLo ;+:s/0fx?df tYofFs, ;"rgf

/ ultljlwx? k|jfx ug]{ tyf d'n'sleq / jflx/sf qm]tf / ljqm]tfx?jLr lel8of]

sGkm/]G;sf] cfof]hgf ug]{ tyf d]nf k|bz{gLx?sf] lgod cfof]hgf ug]{ ljifox? kb{5g\ .

oL ljifox?df k|b]z / :yfgLo txx?df cnUu} ;+oGq aGg' cfjZos 5 .

g]kfnL j:t'x?nfO{ jfXo ahf/df k|fKt ;'ljwfx?sf] hfgsf/L

• g]kfnL lgof{thGo j:t'x?nfO{ cGo b]zx?n] k|bfg u/]sf lh=P;=kL= ;'ljwf, z"Go

eG;f/sf] ;'ljwf, ljz]if cfjlws ;x'lnotx?sf af/]df k|b]z:t/ / :yfgLo :t/sf pBdL

Joj;foLx?nfO{ ;xh hfgsf/Lsf] Joj:yfsf] cefjdf pgLx? lgof{t Jofkf/df k|j]z ug{

;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . o:tf hfgsf/Lx? k|b]zleqsf ;a} Jofj;foLx?nfO{ lbg] Joj:yf ug'{

kg]{ ljifo csf]{ ;/fsf]/sf] ljifo xf] .

lgof{t Jofkf/df g]kfnnfO{ k|fKt ;'ljwfx?

-!_ ;fdfGo u|fXotf k|0ffnL

-@_ z'Go eG;f/ b/sf] ;'ljwf

-#_ Oo', :jL6\h/n]08, ga]{ / 6sL{df g]kfnL pTkfbgx?nfO{ /]]S; ;'ljwf

-$_ && j6f ljleGg g]kfnL pTkfbgx?nfO{ ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfaf6 k|fKt ljz]if

;x'lnoto'Qm eG;f/ 5'6sf] ;'ljwf

39

-%_ rLg ;/sf/n] g]kfnnfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] *)#) j:t'df eG;f/ 5'6 ;'ljwf

-^_ g]kfn, ef/t / aFunfb]zsf aGb/ufx;Ddsf] ;xh kx''Fr

-&_ ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7g, ;fkm\6f ;b:ox?df g]kfnL pTkfbgnfO{ cj;/ k|bfg

Jofj;foL jftfj/0fdf ;'wf/ ;DjGwL ljifox?M

ljZj j}sn] k|sflzt u/]sf] g]kfnfsf] Jofj;flos jftjf/0f ;'rsfFssf] cj:yf

;Gtf]ifhgs 5}g . k|lqmof, lgod sfg'g gLlt, /0fgLlt, sfo{qmd, ah]6, sfo{of]hgf

k|lt:kwf{sf] :t/, k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0f, ;'zf;g -sfg'gsf] zf;g, kf/blz{tf,

;xeflutf, pQ/bfloTj, lhDd]jf/Lkgf, ;dtf, ;dfgtf, ;dfj]lztf_, ;'/Iff, >d pBf]uL

;x;DjGw, pBdzLn ;+:sf/, If]qut ;"rsfFsx?sf] l:yltn] Jofkf/ k|j4{g ;Dj4

jftfj/0f lgwf{/0f ub{5 . pQm k|ltj]bgn] phfu/ u/]sf ljifox?df k|b]z:t/df ;'wf/ ug{

;lsg] ljifox?df k|b]z ;/sf/x?n] kxnsbdL lng h?/L 5 . o:tf kxnsbdLn]

k|b]z:t/df Joj;fo ug]{ jftfj/0fdf ;'wf/ cfO{ j}b]lzs Jofkf/sf] Joj:yfkg ug{ ;xh

x'g] b]lvG5 .

s[lif cg'bfg / k|f]T;fxg ;DjGwL ljifoM

• cfkm\gf dfnj:t' tyf ;]jfx?nfO{ ljZj ahf/df k|lt:kwL{ agfpg s[lif nufotsf If]qdf

ljZj e/L g} ;+/If0ffTds pkfox? cFuLsf/ ug]{ k|rng /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnL pTkfbgx?nfO{

klg ;+/If0ffTds pkfox?sf dfWodaf6 ljZj ahf/df k|lt:kwL{ agfpg h?/L 5 . o;

ljifonfO{ k|b]z ;/sf/x?n] pko'Qm gLltaf6 ;+jf]wg ug{ h?/L 5 .

Jofkf/ ;Dj4 k"jf{wf/df nufgLM

• lgof{t k|j4{gdf Jofkf/ ;Dj4 k"jf{wf/ clt dxTjk"0f{ ljifosf ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . ;+:yfut

k"jf{wf/tkm{ eG;f/, uf]bfd, u'0f:t/ lgodg tyf lgoGq0f lgsfox?, z}lIfs tyf

;Lkd'n's tfnLd s]Gb|x?, lghLIf]qsf ;F3;+:yfx? -j:t'ut, k|ltlglwd'n's ;+3;+:yfx?,

lgof{ts ;F3, cfofts ;F3_ kb{5 eg] ef}lts k"jf{wf/tkm{ ;8s, ljh'nL, jGb/ufx, eG;f/

40

ljGb", ;"rgf / k|ljlw, ljz]if cfly{s If]q, lgof{t k|j4{g If]q / cf}Bf]lus If]q h:tf

;+/rgfx? kb{5g\ . oL b'j} If]qdf k|b]z ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf tkm{af6 ;+jf]wg ug]{ ljifodf

;+nUg x'g h?/L 5 . ljz]if u/L Go'g ;fwg>f]t ePsf eG;f/ljGb"x? ePsf k|b]zsf

eG;f/ljGb"x?nfO{ ;fwfg>f]to'Qm agfpg] ljifonfO{ ;F3 / k|b]z ;/sf/n] ;+o'Qm kxnaf6

;Djf]wg ug{ h?/L 5 .

nlhi6s ;]jfdf ;'wf/M

• Jofkf/ k|j4{gsf] csf]{ dxTjk"0f ljifo eg]sf] pTs[i6:t/sf] nlhli6s ;]jf klg xf] .

cj/f]wljxLg oftfoft, j]i6g, ax'ljlws oftfoft, ;do Joj:yfkg, eG;f/, nlhi6s

;]jf, ;do, j}b]lzs sfuf]{ l;kd]G6sf] bIftf / ;xhtf, nlhli6shGo ;+/rgf / 6« \oflsª

k|0ffnLx? kb{5g\ . nlhi6s ;]jf hlt r':t, b'?:t / ultzLn x'G5 d'n'ssf] lgof{t

Jofkf/ klg TolQs} ;xh / d"Nod}qL x'G5 . o; ljifodf klg ;F3 / k|b]zn] ;+o'Qm kxn

lng h?/L 5 .

Jofkf/ ;Dj4 cg';GwfgM

• ;/sf/sf cFux?, k|fl1s If]q / lghL If]qsf d]wfjLx?o'Qm ;+o'Qm ;d'x ahf/ cg';Gwfg

lgof{t k|j4{gsf] dxTjk"0f{ ljifo xf] . tYofFs, ;"rgf, 1fg, d]wf / a'l4dQfdf cfwfl/t

lgisif{x? lgof{t k|j4{gsf] dlitis xf] h;n] lgof{t k|j4{gsf k|of;sf nflu Hof]ltsf]

sfo{ ub{5,, gLlt lgdf{tfsf nflu cfFvf, lghLIf]qsf nflu lx8\g] af6f] to ug]{ of]

cg';Gwfg sfo{ lgof{t k|j4{gsf] dxTjk"0f{ cFusf ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . o; ljifodf

k|b]z:t/df klg ultzLn ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf x'g h?/L 5 .

k|b]z:t/sf] Jofkf/ ;Dj4 8f6fj];sf] Joj:yfM

• k|b]z:t/df x'g] pTkfbg, ljt/0f / Ps k|b]zaf6 csf]{ k|b]zdf x'g] Jofkf/ / ;DjlGwt

k|b]zdf pTkfbg eO{ cGo k|b]zsf eG;f/ ljGb"x?af6 j:t'x? eP/ lgof{t x'g] j:t'x?sf]

clen]v /fVg] Joj:yfsf] nflu k|b]z:t/df klg Pp6f ;+oGq x'g h?/L 5 tfls k|b]zaf6

41

lgsf;L x'g] j:t'x?sf] oyfy{ lrq0f xf];\ / k|b]z:t/df lgsf;L k|j4{gsf efjL lbzf to

ug{ j:t'ut cfwf/ k|fKt x'g ;sf];\ .

ef}uf]lns ;+s]t, k]6]06 /fO6 / 6]«8dfs{ ;DjGwL ljifox?M

• g]kfnsf w]/} pTkfbgx? ljlzi6 vfnsf 5g\ h;nfO{ ef}uf]lns ;+s]t, k]6]06 /fO6 /

6]«8dfs{ h:tf ljifoaf6 ;+af]wg x'g h?/L 5 . k|b]z ;/sf/n] oL ljlwx?af6 ljz]if

klxrfg lbg ;Sg] j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] klxrfg u/L tL j:t' tyf ;]jfx?nfO{ /fli6«o tyf

cGt/f{li6«o d"nk|jfxdf :yflkt ug{ kxnsbdL lng cfjZos b]lvG5 .

u'0f:t/ ;DjGwL ljifox?M

• g]kfnL j:t'x?nfO{ jfXo ahf/df k|lt:kwL{ agfpg u'0f:t/ ;DjGwL Joj:yfx?n] dxTjk"0f{

e"ldsf v]n]sf x'G5g\ . g]kfnL pTkfbgx?x?nfO{ nlIft ahf/df ljBdfg u'0f:t/sf

k|fjwfgx? cg'?k u'0f:t/d}qL agfpg ;+:yfut, sfg'gL / hgzlQmsf kIfdf ;'wf/,

:t/f]GglQ cflb ug{ cfjZos x'g hfG5 . oL ljifox?nfO{ ;Djf]wg ug{ k|b]z ;/sf/n]

ljz]if Joj:yf ug{ h?/L 5 .

k|b]zaf6 xfn lgof{t eO{/x]sf] j:t'x? M

-s_ cb'jf

-v_ ljleGg k|sf/sf hl8a'6Lx?

-u_ k|zf]lwt tyf cy{k|zf]lwt /TgkTy/x?

-3_ un}+rf

-ª_ k|fs[lts /]zfhGo j:t'x?af6 lgld{t sk8f, sfuh

-r_ l6d'/

lgof{t ;DefJo j:t' tyf ;]jfx? M

-s_ a];f/

42

-v_ k|fs[lts /]zfhGo j:t'af6 lgld{t ;fdfgx? -cNnf]sf] sk8f, nf]Stfaf6 lgld{t

x:tsnfsf ;fdfgx?_

-u_ dx

-3_ cn}+rL

-ª_ b'whGo kbfy{

-r_ ko{6g -/f/f tfn, ;]–kmf]S;'08f] tfn, sfFq]mljxf/, a'na'n] tfn, rGbggfy dlGb/,

s'le08] bx, onjfË u'Daf, b}n]vsf] lz/:yfgsf] Hjfnf cflb_

-5_ vlghhGo j:t'x? -Lime stone Basic Rock, Dolomite cflb_

cfoft k|lt:yfkg tyf cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf ePsf j:t'x? M

-s_ hnljB't

-v_ :ofp

-u_ pmg

-3_ ltt]÷ld7] kmfk/

-ª_ ds}, sf]bf], ux'F

-r_ cfn'

-5_ l;ld

-h_ vlghhGo j:t'x? -Lime stone Basic Rock, Dolomite cflb_

-em_ df;'hGo pTkfbg -v;L, af]sf, /fFuf, e]8f, s'v'/f_

-`_ dfl;{ rfdn

lgsf;L k|j4{g / cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/sf Jojwfgx? M

s0ff{nL k|b]zdf lgsf;L ;Defjgf ePsf j:t'x?df hl8a'6L, /Tg kTy/, vlghhGo j:t' k|d'v

?kdf /x]sf] 5 . oL j:t'x? nlIft ahf/df lgsf;L ug{ u'0f:t/sf k|fjwfgx? k'/f u/]sf] x''g'kg]{

b]lvG5 . o;} u/L u'0f:t/ k|df0fLs/0fnfO{ nlIft ahf/df dfGotfk|fKt u/]sf] klg x'g' kg]{ b]lvG5

. ;DjlGwt pBf]ux?n] pTkflbt j:t'x?sf] u'0f:t/ k|df0fLs/0f kfos kg]{ :yfgdf x'g g;Sbf

lgsf;Lstf{x?nfO{ ;d:of kl//x]sf] 5 . ef/ttkm{ s[lifhGo j:t' lgsf;L ug{ g]kfn eG;f/sf]

43

kf/Lkl§sf ;LdfjtL{ ef/tLo eG;f/ sfof{nox?df Sjf/]06fOg sfof{nox?sf] ljifo lgsf;Lstf{n]

nfdf] ;dob]lv ef]lu/x]sf] ;d:of xf] . lgsf;LhGo pBf]ux?df ul/g] Jofkf/ ljQ Joj:yfkg

klg ;xh x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . lgsf;Lstf{ pBdLx?n] rsf]{ Jofhb/sf] ;fdfgf ug'{ kl//x]sf] 5 .

lgsf;LhGo pBf]unfO{ rflxg] bIf hgzlQmsf] sdL klg 68\sf/f] b]lvG5 . k|b]zdfl:yt

lgsf;Lstf{ pBdLx?nfO{ ahf/sf] tfhf ;"rgfsf] k|jfx klg x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . s[ifsx?nfO{

;dod} kof{Kt dn, pGgt hftsf] jLpm, jfx|df; l;+rfO{sf] ;'ljwfsf] sdL, sfi7pBf]usf nflu

rflxg] sf7sf] j[Iff/f]k0fsf nflu rflxg] lj?jf ljt/0fdf cfPsf] /f]sfj6 h:tf ;d:ofsf sf/0f

k|b]zaf6 ;f]+r] cg';f/ lgsf;L k|j4{g / cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g .

nfut Go'gLs/0fdf k|b]z ;/sf/n] ug'{kg]{ ;xof]ux? M

-s_ jfXo d''n'sx?df s[lif pTkfbgx?nfO{ k|lt:kwL{ agfpg s[ifsx?nfO{ ljleGg lsl;df

;xof]u, cg'bfg, k|f]T;fxg / ;+/If0fsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] x'G5 . g]kfnsf] s[lif pTkfbgsf]

k|lt:kwL{ ef/tLo s[lif pTkfbg ;/x k|lt:kwL{ agfpg k|b]z ;/sf/n] klg cfkm\gf

s[ifsx?nfO{ sDtLdf ef/tLo s[ifsx?n] kfP ;/x/sf ;'ljwfx? k|bfg ug'{ cfjZos

b]lvG5 .

-v_ lgsf;LhGo pBf]ux?nfO{ ;x'lnot b/df Jofhsf] Joj:yf ul/g' klg cfjZos 5

-u_ ;fd'lxs s[lif k|0ffnLnfO{ k|f]T;fxg x'g] gLlt / sfo{qmdx? nfu' ul/g'kb{5

-3_ lglZrt ;dofjlwsf nflu lgsf;LhGo pBf]ux?nfO{ s/x?df ljz]if 5'6sf] Joj:yf

ul/g'kb{5 .

-ª_ pBf]u :yfkgfsf nflu rflxg] k"jf{wf/df ;/sf/af6 kof{Kt nufgL ul/g'kb{5 .

lgisif{ M

e'–ljljwtf /x]sf] o; k|b]zdf vf; u/L h8La'6LnfO{ Jojl:yt ?kdf v]tL k|0ffnLdf ?kfGt/0f

ug'{ cfjZostf v8\lsPsf] 5 . h8La'6Lsf] v]tL k|0ffnL ckgfpg l9nf u/]df :jtM k|s[ltdf

pknAw h8La'6Ldf dfq lge{/ x'g hfg] x'Fbf sfnfGt/df s]xL hl8a'6Lx? Nff]k x'g ;Sg]

b]lvPsfn] k|b]znfO{ dfq geP/ ;du| /fi6«nfO{ g} 3f6f x'g hfg] b]lvG5 . To;}u/L vfB tyf

d;nf afnL -ux'F,hf}, ds}, kmfk/, cb'jf, a];f/_, kmnkm'n -:ofp, lsaL, cf?_, t/sf/L -cfn', d6/,

44

sfpnL, aGbf, ufh/, l;ld, uf]ne]+8f_ sf] pTkfbg xfnsf] eGbf j[l4 ug{ ;lsg] ;+efjgf /x]sf]n]

o:tf j:t'x?sf] pTkfbg j[l4 u/]df k|b]z pNn]lvt j:t'x?df cfTdlge{/ eO{ cfoft k|lt:yfkg

ug{ ;d]t ;kmn x'g]5 . dgf]/d k|fs[lts 56f k|z:t dfqfdf kfO{g] ljleGg k|sf/sf vfgLx? tyf

hn ljB'tsf] cyfx ;+efjgf af]s]sf] o; k|b]zdf ko{6s cfudgdf lj:tf/ ub}{ n}hfg ;lsg]

k|jn ;+efjgf /x]sf] x'gfn] eljiodf o; k|b]z cGo k|b]zsf] t'ngfdf ;d'Ggt k|b]zsf] ?kdf

lrq0f x'g hfg]5 . o;} k|sf/n] lxGb'x?sf] kljq wfld{s :yn dfg;/f]j/sf] k|j]zåf/sf] ?kdf

/xg'n] klg o; k|b]zdf lxGb' wdf{nDaL -ef/tLo lty{ofqL_ x?sf] e|d0f x'g] x'Fbf ko{6g If]qdf yk

6]jf k'Ug] b]lvG5 .

;'emfj M

-!_ pTkflbt dfn j:t'nfO{ sRrfkbfy{sf] ?kdf geO{ d'No clej[l4 u/L lgsf;L ug{ ;s]df

pTkfbs Pj+ lgof{t stf{nfO{ clws d'gfkmf ldNg hfg] 5 .

-@_ b]zsf] a9\bf] Jofkf/3f6fnfO{ Go'gLs/0f ug{ k|b]z:t/df lgsf;L ;DefJo j:t'x?sf] ljsf; /

lj:tf/ x'g h?/L 5 .

-#_ g]kfnn] cfoft ul//x]sf t/ k|b]zdf pTkfbg j[l4 ug{ ;lsg] j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] ljsf; /

lj:tf/ x'g klg cfjZos b]lvG5 .

-$_ s0ff{nL k|b]zdf pTkfbg eO{ cGo k|b]zx?df k7fpg ;lsg] / Nofpg ;lsg] j:t'x?sf]

k|efjsf/L Joj:yfkg x'g klg h?/L 5 .

-%_ s0ff{nL k|b]zdf Jofkf/ Pj+ ko{6g ;Dj4 k"jf{wf/x?sf] ljsf;df Wofg hfg' klg h?/L 5 .

-^_ lgsf;LhGo, cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] tyf cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf ePsf j:t' tyf

;]jfx?sf] pTkfbgdf k|b]z ;/sf/n] k|f]T;fxg ub}{ To:tf dfnj:t' tyf ;]jfsf] ;+/If0fsf]

nfuL cfjZos Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ x'g hfG5 .

-&_ lgsf;L k|j4{gdf lgsf;Lstf{x?nfO{ ;do ;dodf cGt/f{li6«o ahf/sf] cj:yf, u'0f:t/

dfkb08x?, n]jlnª, Kofs]lhª, a|fl08ª cflbsf] hfgsf/L pknJw u/fpg] Joj:yfx? ug{

h?/L 5 .

-*_ lgsf;LhGo, cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] tyf cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf ePsf j:t' tyf

;]jfx?sf] ljsf; Pj+ lj:tf/df s]Gb| tyf k|b]z ;/sf/n] Wofg lbg'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

45

-(_ ;+sng s]Gb| Pj+ lzte08f/0fsf] :yfkgf / To;sf] k|efjsf/L ;~rfngdf k|b]z ;/sf/sf]

;xof]usf] cfjZostf b]lvG5 .

-!)_ vfB k|zf]wg pBf]usf] lj:tf/, ljsf;, :t/f]GglQsf nflu cfly{s, k|fljlws tyf ef}lts

k"jf{wf/df k|b]z ;/sf/sf] ;xof]u cfjZos b]lvG5 .

-!!_ lgsf;L k|j4{gsf nflu k|b]z:t/df klg k|j4{gfTds ;+oGqsf] :yfkgf ug'{ kg]{ h?/L b]lvG5

.

-!@_ cyfxf hn;|f]tsf] e08f/0f /x]sf] o; k|b]zn] pRr lxdfnL If]qaf6 aUg] gbL gfnfx?sf]

kfgLnfO{ k|zf]wg u/L lgof{t ug{ ;s]df kfgLsf] cfoft k|lt:yfg eO{ lgsf;L j[l4 x'g hfg]

b]lvG5 .

46

cg';'rL ! M

k|wfgdGqL s[lif cfw'lgs/0f kl/of]hgfsf] b:tfj]h @)&#÷&$ df pNn]v ePsf ;'k/ hf]g, hf]g

/ Ansx? /xg] s0ff{nL k|b]zcGtu{tsf lhNnf Pj+ pTkfbgx?sf] ljj/0f

l;=g+= lhNnf ;'k/ hf]g Hff]g Ans

! ;'v]{t cb'jf÷a];f/ t/sf/L, ds}÷ds}sf] ljp

@ b}n]v ;'Gtnf hft, ds}÷ds}sf] ljp

# Hffh/sf]6 ds}÷ds}sf] ljp, e6df;

$ sflnsf]6 :ofp, l;dL

% 8f]Nkf :ofp, t/sf/L

^ x'Dnf :ofp, l;dL

& h'Dnf :ofp l;dL, cfn'

* d'u' :ofp, l;dL

( ?s'd klZrd :ofp, t/sf/L

!) ;Nofg cb'jf÷a];f/ t/sf/L, ds}÷ds}sf] ljp

cg';'rL @ M

jfl0fHo;Fu ;DalGwt gLltx?

jfl0fHo gLlt @)^%

g]kfnsf] jfl0fHo gLlt /fli6«o cy{tGqdf afl0fHo If]qsf] of]ubfg a9fO{ cfly{s j[l4df ;xof]u

k'¥ofpg] p2]Zosf ;fy j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] ljsf; tyf k|j4{g ug{ th"{df ul/Psf] 5 .

! cGt/f{li6«o :t/df k|lt:kwL{ t'Nofpg] u/L Jofkf/ Joj;fosf] k|j4{g ug]{ cg's"n

jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf ug]{ .

@ cfoftnfO{ lgof{t Jofkf/ j[l4 pGd"v u/fpFb} ljZj ahf/df d"No clej[l4o'Qm

j:t'sf] lgsf;L j9fO{ Jofkf/ 3f6f sd ug]{ .

# j:t' tyf ;]jf Jofkf/nfO{ k|lt:kwL{ Pj+ ;'b[9 jgfO{ cfo tyf /f]huf/Lsf cj;/

j9fpg] / ul/jL 36fpg ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] dfWodsf] ?kdf pkof]u ug]{ .

47

jfl0fHo gLltdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf j:t' tyf ;]jfx?

jfl0fHo gLlt

cb'jf÷;'7f cn}FrL

pmgL tyf un}+Frf cf}iflw, cf}iflwhGo hl8a'6L tyf ;f/o'Qm t]n

sfk]{6 skmL

Rofª\u|f klZdgf tyf /]zdhGo j:t'x¿ lrgL

lrof h'Qf

6]S;6fon t/sf/L, t/sf/Lsf] aLp

tof/L rfprfp tof/L kf]zfs

b'Uw pTkfbg k|zf]lwt 5fnf

klZdgf k'ik -k"mn_

kmnkm"n kmnfd / O:kftsf j:t'x¿

dx bfn

l;d]G6 ;'grfFbLsf uxgf tyf ax'd"No /TgkTy/

x:tsnfsf j:t'x¿ xft] sfuh / ;f]sf] pTkfbg ;]jf

OlGhlgol/Ë hnljB't

ko{6g lzIff

;"rgf k|ljlw tyf lalhg]; k|f];];

cfp6;f]l;{Ë

:jf:Yo ;]jf

>d zlQm -bIf / cw{bIf_

48

cg';'rL # M

g]kfn Jofkf/ PsLs[t /0fgLlt @)!^

o; Jofkf/ /0fgLltn] lgDgfg'';f/sf] ;d:ofnfO{ ;'wfg{sf] nflu th'{df ul/Psf] xf] .

!= Jofkf/df ;+u7flgs Ifdtf a[l4 tyf Jofkf/ ;Demf}tfdf Ifdtf clea[l4 .

@= Jofkf/ tyf nufgLsf] jftfj/0f ljsf; ug]{ .

#= Jofkf/ tyf kf/jxgsf] ;'wf/ ug]{ .

$= u'0f:t/ tyf k|fljlws lgod0f ug]{ .

%= Sanitary tyf Phyto-sanitary lgod0f ug]{ .

^= af}l4s ;DklQsf] clwsf/ ;+/If0f ug]{ .

&= ;]jf Jofkf/sf] ljifo ljsf; ug]{ .

g]kfn Jofkf/ PsLs[t /0fgLlt (NTIS 2016)

s[lifhGo j:t'x?

cn}FrL – HS 090830 cb'jf - HS 091010

lrof- HS 0902 cf}ifwLo tyf ;f/o'Qm t]nhGo j:t'x? -1211

snfhGo tyf cf}wf]lus j:t'x?

All Fabrics, Textile, Yarn and Rope - HS 5509, 5407, 6305,

5fnf - HS 4104, 4106

h'QfrKkn (Footwear) - HS 6404 klZdgf - HS 6214

un}Frf - HS 5701

;]jfhGo

• bIf tyf cw{bIf hgzlQm, ;"rgf k|ljwL, BPO / ko{6g

49

cg';'rL $ M

k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ qmddf ul/Psf] e]63f6÷5nkmn÷cGt{lqmofsf] emns

dfggLo d'Vo dGqLHo" ;Fu k|b]z cWoogsf] hfgsf/Lsf] l;nl;nfdf >Ldfg\ sfo{sf/L lgb]{zsHo" ;lxtsf]

6f]lnn] u/]sf] e]63f6 sfo{qmd

k|ltj]bg tof/L ug]{] l;nl;nfdf ;'v]{t pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3df j:t'ut ;+3÷;+:yfsf kbflwsf/Lx?;Fusf] 5nkmn

50

k|ltj]bg tof/L ug]{] l;nl;nfdf h'Dnf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf ;lxtsf] kbflwsf/Lx? Pj+ hl8a'l6 ;+3sf

kbflwsf/Lx?;Fusf] 5nkmn

k|ltj]bg tof/Lsf] qmddf ;'v]{t l:yt /TgkTy/ ;DalGw Jofj;foLx?;Fusf] 5nkmn

51

k|ltj]bg tof/Lsf] qmddf ;'v]{t l:yt hl8a'6L ;+3sf cWoIf ;lxtsf] kbflwsf/Lx?;Fusf] 5nkmn

k|ltj]bg tof/Lsf] qmddf ;'v]{t l:yt k|b]z pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf cWoIf Pj+ hl8a'6L ;+3sf cWoIf

;lxtsf] kbflwsf/Lx?;Fusf] 5nkmn

52

k|ltj]bg tof/Lsf] qmddf dfggLo pBf]u, ko{6g, jg tyf jftfj/0f dGqLHo"sf] ;d'kl:yltdf ;'v]{t l:yt k|b]z

pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3 Pj+ ljleGg j:t'ut ;+3÷;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx? ;lxtsf] 5nkmn sfo{qmd

53

k|ltj]bg tof/Lsf] qmddf ;'v]{t l:yt k|b]z pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3 Pj+ ljleGg j:t'ut ;+3÷;+:yfsf

k|ltlglwx? ;lxtsf] 5nkmn sfo{qmd

54

;Gbe{ ;fdfu|Lx? M

Statistical Information on Nepalese Agriculture, 2073/74, 2074 BS,

Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, Kathmandu

Mineral Resources of Nepal, 2017, Department of Mines and Geology,

Kathmandu

Annual household survey 2015/16, 2016, Central Bureau of Statistics,

Kathmandu Nepal

Industrial Survey 2011/12, 2012, Central Bureau of Statistics,

Kathmandu Nepal

Regional (Provincial) National Accounts, 2019, Central Bureau of

Statistics, Kathmandu Nepal

Nepal Electicity Authority 2075

Nepal Rastra Bank

Ministry of Tourism

Web site visited

www.trademap.org

www.macmap.org

www.wikipedia.com

http://www.worldsrichestcountries.com/top_mango_importers.

html _