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JSC History Week 4 Session 1 The Rise of the Samurai. Doyoung Park Osaka Gakuin University. Progress of Presentations. Topics Progress. Samurai, the Icon of Japanese Culture. Akira Kurosawa’s the Seven Samurai. Takuya Kimura’s Bushi no Ichibun( 武士の一分 ). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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JSC History Week 4 Session 1 The Rise of theSamurai
Doyoung ParkOsaka Gakuin University
Progress of Presentations
Topics Progress
Samurai, the Icon of Japanese Culture
Akira Kurosawa’s the Seven Samurai
Samurai, the Icon of Japanese Culture
Takuya Kimura’s Bushi no Ichibun( 武士の一分 )
武士の一分
Samurai, the Icon of Japanese Culture
Video Game, Sengoku Muso
Samurai, the Icon of Japanese Culture
Samurai, the Icon of Japanese Culture
Samurai Impacts
Samurai Impacts
Samurai Spirit
Nitobe Inazo( 新渡戸稲造:1862-1933)
Author, Educator, Politician Bushido – The Soul of
Japan (1990) “Moral manner of ruling
class” “Honor and fair play” “Loyalty and braveness”
Samurai Spirit
Ruth Benedict (1887-1948) American anthropologist The Chrysanthemum and the S
word “ Japan has a 'shame' cultur
e, whose emphasis is on how one's moral conduct appear to outsider in contradistinction to America's (Christian) 'guilt' culture, in which the emphasis is on individual's internal conscience. “
Truths and myths of Samurai
Complicated behaviors Death for honor among friends Stealing heads Changing affiliation for better contracts Run out on a debt from merchants
When the Last Sword Is Drawn
Why Samurai?
The population of samurai 7-10% Samurai was a ruling class in Japan The trend of the ruling class
culture is pursued by commoners The concept of lady and gentleman
The First Military Government
The First Military Government
Emperor, Shirakawa( 白川天皇 : 1053-1129) Recruited the Taira clan ( 平氏 ) for military power Taira clan became high ranking officials Most powerful military and political group
Anti-Taira Clan Movements
One prince, Mochihitoo (1151-1180) fought Taira clan but got defeated
Anti-Taira clan groups arose
Minamoto no Yoritomo
源頼朝( 1147-1199) Military leader in izu Gathered samurai in the
Kanto area Settled down at Kamak
ura The Master of Kamakur
a
The Location of Kamakura
Minamoto no Yoshinaka
源義仲 1154-1184 Warlord of Shinano Defeated the Taira
clan at Kyoto Occupied Kyoto Tried to replace the
emperor
Trade between the emperor and Minamoto no Yoritomo
Enter Kyoto to resist Minamoto no Yoshinaka Minamoto no Yoritomo asked for the area of
Tokaido Opened the war against the Taira clan Destroyed the Taira in 1185 Grasped the actual power of military and
governance The beginning of the Kamakura shogunate Tension between Kyoto and Kamakura
Kamakura Shogunate and Zen Buddhism
Zen, a new Buddhism Suppressed by old schools Expelled from Kyoto Needed political patronage
Kamakura needed cultural and intellectual supports Zen monks: Chinese literature and Neo-Confucian
knowledge Pool of manpower for the shogunate
Zen Buddhism successfully returned to Kyoto With the support from the Kamakura shogunate
Kamakura and Yuen Dynasty
Kublai Khan of the Mongol empire Conquered Korea and attacked Kyushu area,
Japan Japanese army defeated Mongol army
Conventional theory Typhoon season – Kamikaze ( 神風 )
The other theory Mongolian army was scouting unit
Cooperation of the shogunate and the imperial court National-wide influence of the shogunate
Anti-Kamakura Movement
Godaigo emperor ( 後醍醐天皇 1288-1339) Planned to locate the emperor at the center of power Conflicted with the Kamakura shogunate
Issue of the crown prince Exiled for the anti-shogunate plan
Anti-Kamakura Movement
Anti-Kamakura mood from local warlords The Kamakura shogunate dispatched the
Ashikaga to Kyoto The Ashikaga( 足利 ) betrayed the shogunate The end of the Kamakura shogunate Godaigo emperor returned to Kyoto The Muromachi shogunate ( 室町幕府: 1336-
1573)
Sengoku- 戦国時代
Onin War 1467 Weakend influence of the shogunate The rise of local warlords
Oda Nobunaga expelled the shogun from Kyoto 1573
Beginning of Civil War