Kanji Color

5/26/2018 Kanji Color

1/17

Kinh nghim hc Nht ng

Vvn pht m Kanji trong ting Nht

Mc lc :

A. Khi qut vm ONKUN ca Kanji...................................................Trang 2I. Phn loi.........................................................................................Trang 2

II. Cc iu cn nhkhi bn hc Kanji ................................................Trang 3

B. Mt squy tc ghi nhpht m ca m ON ..........................................Trang 4

I. Cch c ca mt snguyn m ngn cui ch ...........................Trang 4

II. Cch c m cui tn cng bng phm.........................................Trang 8

III. Bin m khi ghp 2 chKanji vi nhau ..........................................Trang 8

IV. So snh cch c ca cc nguyn m di ........................................Trang 9

V. Onyomi cc ph m ng u trong chHn-Vit.........................Trang 12


2/17

2

Lin hm ON ca Kanji ting Nht

vi ngha Hn-Vit

A. Khi qut vpht m ca Kanji

Kanji C 2 cch c :

I. Phn loi :

1. Kun-yomi ( c theo m Nht )

Thng khi Kanji ng 1 mnh n / n + hiragana

Vd:ame = maau = gp mt)

Trong sch Kanji, Kun-yomi c vit bng Hiragana

2. On-yomi ( c theo m Hn )

Thng dng trong cc tghp (Kanji +Kanji ) .Chim khong 90%

Trong sch Kanji, On-yomi c k hiu bng chKatakana.

3. Trng hp ngoi l:

Nu gp trng hp ngoi lsau th chc cch l thuc lng

a) Kanji ng 1 mnh n m li c bng m Onyomi.

Vd:=sch),= cng)...

b) Kanji + Kanji m li c bng m Kunyomi + Kunyomi


3/17

3

Vd:=mua sm),i- ngm hoa)..

c) Kanji + Kanji m li c bng m Kunyomi + Onyomi hoc ngc li

Vd:(

II . Cc iu cn nhkhi bn hc Kanji

* a sKanji c c 2 cch c Kun v On.

* C nhiu Kanji ch c cch c On

* i vi ngi Vit, nu ai gii tHn Vit th vic hc v hiu Kanji s

d dng hn.Vd nh:

ChHn Hn Vit :

quc ca

quc gia

nhn loi

binh s

qun nhn

y, thl khng cn bit c thno, nhng nu bn bit chHn ny c m

Hn Vit l g th tm Ok vngha nh....


4/17

4

B. Mt squy tc ghi nhcch pht m ca

m ON trong ting Nht

I. Cch c ca mt snguyn m nm cui ch(tm gi lnguyn m ngn ) :

( hoc tn cng bng : nguyn m + MNTK )

Cc chKanji c m Hn Vit tn cng bng nguyn m

a) A, OA: Onyomi phn ln stn cng bng cttrong bng Hiragana

Th d: GIA -- BA -- TA -- CAN -- BN - - QUT --

AI, OAI, OI: Onyomi phn ln stn cng bng ct+ m trong

bng Hiragana

Th d: KHI - -


5/17

5

HI - - KHOI - - TI - -

( + ph m ) : trc trong Hn vit l phm PH, QU th Onyomi s

cha ct

Th d: PHN -- PHT -- QUT --

+ Cn li a sOnyomi thay bng ct (trc khng c phm

PH, QU)

Th d: CN -- NHN -- , MN --

b) O/: Onyomi phn ln sthay bng cttrong bng Hiragana

Th d: H -- C -- L -- KHN --

: vi chc cc chsau :

C -- S --


6/17

6

SN -- AN/ N--

c) -trng hp I/Y

-trng hp , U(vi phm trc n l L)

-trng hp UY khi ph m trc UY l m c nh(ngha l phm

trc UY l D, NG, H hoc khng c ph m trc )

*Th : Onyomi sthay bngtrong bng Hiragana

Th d: --

VI -- LY -- NGUY -- NGY -- HUY -- LUN -- LUT --

*Ring : SUT --

+ UY cn li (ngha l ph m trc UY khng phi l D, NG,

H , T):Onyomi s c (ct+ ch)

Th d: XUY -- SUY --


7/17

7

TY --

d) , U: Onyomi + stn cng bngkhi ngha Hn-Vit c PH,

TH trc n

+ a scn li Onyomi stn cng bng ct+ m

Th d: -- M -- TH --

Ngoi l : L -- e) U/: ui ny kh lung tung, c nhiu ngoi l

Onyomi phn ln stn cng bng cttrong Hiragana

+ thnh khi ph m u trc n c thghp vi

+ thnh khi ph m u trc n khng thghp vi

+Trng hp Onyomi tn cng l: Nu m Hn Vit c ph m l

T, S th Onyomi chn chn sl

Nu m Hn Vit c ph m l TH th Onyomi mt ssl, mt

ssl

Th d: L -- N -- TH -- T -- S --


8/17

8

TH -- TH --

II.Cch c m cui tn cng bng phm :

Cc chKanji c m Hn Vit tn cng bng phm :

a) N/M: Onyomi chc chn stn cng bng

Th d: HON -- TN -

-

NAM -- THAM --

b) T: Onyomi chc chn stn cng bng

Th d: ST -- THUYT --

c) C, CH: Onyomi phn ln stn cng bng,ring ngha Hn-Vit tn

cng bng ICH th sbin thnh ct+ m

Th d: QUC -- BC -

-

TCH -- XCH -- DCH --


9/17

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III.Bin m khi ghp 2 chKanji vi nhau :

Bin m xc m(tsu nh): khi ghp 2 chKanji li vi nhau, nu ch trc c

m tit th2l hoc v chKanji sau pht mbt uvi cc phm bt mimnh l :p, t, k, ch, s, shth m tit th2 ca ch trc khng c pht m v bin

thnh xc m(tsu nh)

V d:

- p : - t : - k : - s : - ch :

->Suy ra 1 yu tquan trng trong phn bin m gia bv pnn ghi

nhchny l: sau (tsu nh)chc chn l bin m maru p

IV. Tip theo ta so snh cch c ca cc nguyn m di

trn phn I ta tm hiu cch c 1 snguyn m ngn n gin, phn di y ta

stm hiu nhng nguyn m di c cch c tng i phc tp hn :

a) INH, UYNH, ENH, ANH: thng Onyomi chuyn thnh ct

+ m

* Ring trng hptrc INH, UYNH, ENH c B, H, S, T, TH th chc 2 m

On, ngoi m On ct+ m cn c 1 m On khc. m On th2 nythng

c phn nguyn m cha

Th d: SINH --


10/17

10

BINH -- HUYNH -- HUNH -- INH --

Th d: ANH -- DANH -- LNH --

Ngoi l: BNH - - MANH - - NGNH - - CANH - ,-

b) YE, IE, UYE : Phn ln Onyomi chuyn thnh ct

Th d: THIN -- XUYN -- NGUYT -- ,

c) U : Phn ln Onyomi c phn nguyn cha (nh) + m

Th d: NGU - - LU - - TU - - HU - - SU - - TU --


11/17

11

U : thng Onyomi c phn nguyn m cha(nh) . Nu trc U l

phm QU hoc c phm H th Onyomi c phn nguyn m cha ct

Th d: TUN - - THUN - - XUN - - HUN - - QUT - -

d) YEU, IEU, IEP, UONG : hu ht Onyomi c nguyn m cha

Th d: YU - - LIU - - DIP - -

CHIU, TRIU - -

e) AU, AP, UNG : gm 2 trng hp :

Onyomi sc phn nguyn m chanutrc AU, AP n c phm :

K, C, CH, TR, TH, NG (thm trng hptrc AP c phm t), v trc

UNG c D, H, CH, TR, S hoc UNG khng c ph m pha trc

Th d: CU - - NHP - - HP - -


12/17

12

Onyomi c phn nguyn m cha Ct+ m trong cc trng hp cn

li

Th d: PHP - - HU - - TU - -

e)AO, OANH : hu ht Onyomi c phn nguyn m cha Ct+ mTh d: CAO - -

AO - - HONH - -

V.Onyomi cc ph m ng u trong chHn-Vit:

phn trnchng ta tm hiu cch c ca a snguyn m, d nhin trong

cng c mt s trng hp ngoi l nhng vn c thni kh nng quy lut c

ca nguyn m l rt ln.

Phn V ny ta tm hiu v cch c ph m u ca chHn-Vit nh thno.

Lu rng nu so vi nhng quy lut c ca nguyn m th phnc ph m u

ny c 1 squy lut khng r rng lm.

a)C, K, KH, GI, H, QU : Phn ln Onyomi c phn ph m u l K(dnhth C, K, KH, GI, H, QU l nhng m m trong ting vit hu ht khi

pht m nhng m nyth chng ta h ming nhngkhng bt mi)


13/17

13

+ *QU ( nu sau QU c m ) : Onyomi c ph m u l G v phn nguyn m

sthuc ct

Th d: CAI - - KHM - - GII - - H - - QU - -

*QUN - - *QUT - - *QUN - -

b)B, PH : Phn ln Onyomi c ph m u l H*c bit *B, PH : thng Onyomi sc ph m u l F, khi nguyn

m On khng c trng m v thuc ctTh d: BC - -

BI - - BCH - - PHIU - -

Th d: *B - - *BT - - *PH - - *PHC - -


14/17

14

*PHT - -

c)D, V : Phn ln Onyomi thng b lc bph m u,(ring VONG ->)Th d: DT - -

DCH - - D - - VIN - -

d) : Thng Onyomi c phm T mt snhthnh D( ring DIEU ->)

Th d: AO - - U - - I - - ON - - C - -

e) L : Hu ht Onyomi sc ph m u l R

Th d: L - - LIU - - LONG - -


15/17

15

f) M: Thng Onyomi c phm B s khc thnh M ( trng hp sau n

i km vi trng m thng l c thnh B, cn li c thB hoc M kh

phn bit )

Th d: MCH - - MIN - - MI - - MIU - -

g) N : Onyomithng c ph m u l Nnhng nu sau N c chO( O, , OA)v khng c trng m th

Onyomi c ph m u l D

Th d: NIM - - NIU - - N - - NAN - -

h) NG : Phn ln Onyomi c ph m u l G, 1 snhc phm K

Th d: NGH - - NGH - - NGHIM - -

i)NH : Hi phc tp, c th chia n thnh 3 trng hp sau :

+ Thng phOnyomi l G khi phn nguyn m sau n thuc ct

Th d: NHAN - -


16/17

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NH - - NHC - -

+ Thng Onyomi l N khi phn nguyn m sau n thuc ct Th d: NHIN - -

NHIT - - NHIM - -

+ Thng Onyomi l J khi phn nguyn m sau n thuc ct Th d: NHO - -

NH - - NHNG - -

j) CH, T, TH, S, X : phn ln Onyomi c ph m u l SSH, mt snhn c thbin m sang Z J(trng hp ph m u l SH : khi nguyn m On chahoc trng m,)

(dnhth CH, T, TH, S, X l nhng m m trong ting vit khipht m th hm

rng ban u phi cn li sau mi c thbthi pht ra )

+ Mt s trng hp ca TH c nguyn m On cha( nh) th phm

On l J

Th d: CHNG - - TON - - TNG - - THUN - - XUN - -


17/17

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k) TR : Mt sOnyomi c ph m u l CH, mt sOnyomi khc c ph

m u l T, S, J rt kh phn bit

( Thng Onyomi c m ON chath chc chn ph m u phi l T )

Th d: TR - - TRC - - TRI, TR - - TRINH - -

Vvn pht m Kanji nht ngtrn do mnh su tp trn mt swebsite cng

vi phn bsung ca mnh. ng thi mnh thng k li thnh mt Ebook cc bn

hc ting nht tin vic tham kho

Bin son : V Minh Vng

Email : [email protected]

Chc cc bn hc tt Nht ng!

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Kanji Color