PCSI TUDOMNYEGYETEM LTALNOS ORVOSTUDOMNYI KAR

GYGYSZERSZTUDOMNYI SZAK FARMAKOGNZIAI TANSZK

GYGYNVNYEK HATANYAGAI S SZERKEZETI KPLETEI

Egyetemi jegyzet gygyszerszhallgatk rszre

Dr. Papp Nra PhD egyetemi adjunktus

Pcs 2011

1

Tartalom

Bevezets .............................................................................................................................2 Szerkezeti kpletek ...........................................................................................................3 Drogok s anyanvnyeik ................................................................................................67 Nvnyi hatanyagok nvmutatja......................................................................................71 Drogok nvmutatja ............................................................................................................78 Felhasznlt irodalom ............................................................................................................81

Lektorlta: Prof. Dr. Molnr Pter

2

Bevezets

A nvnyek specilis metabolizmusuk, msodlagos anyagcserjk sorn szmos vegyletet, vegyletcsoportot tartalmaznak. Bizonyos komponensek gygyszati jelentsge tudomnyos (pl. mikrobiolgiai, farmakolgiai) bizonytst nyert, gy ezeket a vegyleteket hatanyagoknak nevezzk. Egy-egy nvnycsald, nemzetsg vagy gygynvnyfaj sajtos, egyedi hatanyagspektrumot mutathat, gy jelenltk kemotaxonmiai szereppel br.

Gygyszati alkalmazsuk mellett jelents feladatot ltnak el tbbek kztt a nvnyek ellenllkpessgnek fokozsban (stresszfaktorok), az egyes taxonok krnyezeti tnyezkhz val adaptcijban, de felelsek lehetnek az egyes nvnyi rszek (pl. virg, terms, mag) sznrt, illatrt, gy a megporzsrt is.

Jelen sszelltsunk kzel sem teljes, vlogatst nyjt a gygynvnyek szles hatanyagspektrumbl, mely a Pcsi Tudomnyegyetem Gygyszersztudomnyi Szakon oktatott Farmakobotanika s Farmakognzia tantrgyainak ktelez s felismerend, sszesen 325 nvnyi vegyletnek szerkezeti kpleteire tmaszkodik. A komponenseket a tanult 145 nvnyi drog szerinti csoportostsban mutatjuk be, kiemelve a drogok f hatanyagait. A kiadvny vgn tallhat hatanyagok s drogok szerinti nvmutatk betrendben segtik a gyors keresst s eligazodst, kiegsztve fggelkknt a drogok anyanvnyeivel.

Remljk, hogy jegyzetnk segtsget nyjt a gygyszerszhallgatk nvnykmiai ismereteihez, a tjkozdshoz, a szmonkrsekre s vizsgkra val felkszlshez. Kvnjuk, hogy forgassk haszonnal sszelltsunkat.

Pcs, 2011. februr 10. Papp Nra

3

Aminosavak, alkaloid alapvzak

HNH2

COOH

C

CH2

SH

HNH2

COOH

C

CH2

CH2

COOH

HNH2

COOH

C

CH2

CH2

NH2

C O

cisztein glutaminsav glutamin

HNH2

COOH

C

CH2

CH2

COOH

CH2

HNH2

COOH

C

O

NH2

C

NCOOH

H

aszparaginsav aszparagin prolin

CH2

HNH2

COOH

C

HNH2

COOH

C

CH3

NH2

COOH

CH2

fenilalanin alanin glicin

4

CH2

OH

HNH2

COOH

C

N

CH2

H

CH COOH

NH2

N

NCH2 CH

NH2

COOH

H

tirozin triptofn hisztidin

NH2NH2

H

COOH

NH2

COOH

NH2

NH2

COOH

CH

CH2CH2CH2NH C

O

NH2

lizin ornitin citrullin

NH2

COOH

CH

CH2CH2CH2NH NH2C

NH

NH2

COOH

CH

CH2CH2 S CH3

arginin metionin

5

NH

N

N

H

N

piperidin piridin pirrol pirrolizidin

N

H

. .

N

H

N

pirrolidin indol izokinolin

N

NH2

COOH

kinolin antranilsav

6

Fenoloidok, fenolok, flavonoidok

O

OOH

OH

OHOH

OH

O

OOH

OH

OH

OH

kvercetin kempferol

CHOH

OH

CH COOH

O

O

O

O

O

O

kvsav kinon antrakinon naftokinon

7

Plantaginis lanceolatae folium lndzss tif levl

O

OOHOH

OH

OH

O

OH

OH

O

OH

OH

szkutellarin luteolin

O

OH

OH

O

OH

COOH

OHO

CH3

COOH

OH

apigenin vanillinsav para-hidroxi-benzoesav

OHOH

COOH

CHOH

OH

CHO

O

OH

OH

OH

COOH

C

protokatechusav klorognsav

8

O

CH2 O

CO

O

OC

O

CH3 gl

O

OH

OCH2OH O Gl

O

OH

OHO-H2C Gl

aszperulozid katalpol aukubin

Farfarae folium, F. flos martilapu levl, virg

N

OOO

H

O

CH3

OOH

N OH

O O

szenkirgin tusszilagin

Lini semen lenmag

CCNCH3

O glCH2CH3

CCNCH3

CH3 O glkz

lotausztralin linamarin

9

Echinaceae radix kasvirg gykr

N

O

H

OH

OH

O

O COOH

OHOOC

O

OH

OH

echinacein cikriasav

OH

OHCH2CH2OOH

OCH2

O

OCH2OH

OH

OHOH

O

O

CH CCH

CH

CH

O

OH OH

OCH3OH

echinakozid

Oleum ricini ricinusolaj

H3C (CH2)5 CH

OH

CH2 CH CH (CH2)7 COOH

N O

O CH3N

CH3

C :

ricinolsav ricinin

10

Visci stipes fagyngy kocsny

OH

O

O

O

OO

OHO

CH3

CH3

CH3

CH3

CH

O OO

CH CH2OH

CH3 CH3gl

sziringarezinol sziringin

CH2 CH2 NCH3

CH3CH3

OHOCH3

O

C+

CH2OH CH2 NCH3

CH3CH3

OH+

acetilkolin kolin

N

NCH2

H

CH2

NH2

OH CH2 CH2 NH2

CH2

HNH2

COOH

C

hisztamin tiramin fenilalanin

11

Lavandulae flos levendula virg

OH

O

OH

OH

-terpineol kmfor borneol linalool

O C CH3

O

linalilacett

Menthae piperitae folium borsosmenta levl

OH

O

linalool limonn cineol

O

O OC CH3

OH

O

piperiton mentilacett mentol menton

12

Menthae crispae folium fodormenta levl

OH

OH

O

karveol dihidrokarveol karvon

Melissae folium citromf levl

CH2OH

O

H

H

OC

OH

citronellol citronellal citrl linalool

CH2OH

geraniol germakrn-D -kariofilln

13

Thymi herba (kerti) kakukkf

CH3

OHCHCH3 CH3

CH3

CHCH3 CH3

OH

CHCH3 CH3

CH3

OH

timol karvakrol p-cimol borneol

CH2OH

OH

OH

OH

geraniol linalool terpinn-4-ol -terpineol

Serpylli herba mezei kakukkf

O

OH

OH CH2 CH C OH

O

OCHC CH OH

OH

O

-pinn cineol rozmarinsav

14

Origani herba szurokf

CH3

OHCHCH3 CH3

CH3

CHCH3 CH3

OH

CHCH3 CH3

CH3

timol karvakrol p-cimol

O

-tujon limonn -terpinn

Hyssopi herba izsp f

O

OH

OO

O

-pinn -pinn kampfn cineol marrubiin

15

Majoranae herba majoranna f

OH

OH

CHOH

OH

CH COOH

-terpineol terpinn-4-ol szabinn kvsav

OH

OH CH2 CH C OH

O

OCHC CH OH

OH

O

rozmarinsav

OH

COOH

HO

COOH

urzolsav oleanolsav

16

Rosmarini folium rozmaring levl

OHOH

OHO

CO

OH

COOH

-pinn limonn rozmanol urzolsav

CH2OH

OH

OH

CH3

OH

CH3

betulin -amirin -amirin

OH

OH CH2 CH C OH

O

OCHC CH OH

OH

O

O

OH

OH

O

OH

OH

rozmarinsav luteolin

17

Salviae folium (orvosi) zslya levl

O

O

OH

O

O CH3O

C

tujon cineol borneol kmfor bornilacett

OH

O

OHCO

OH3C-O

O

O-CH3

O-CH3

OH

karnosol salvigenin

Rosae petalum (parlagi) rzsa szirom

CH2OH

CH2OH

H

OC

O

H

citronellol nerol citrl citronellal

CH2OH

CH2-CH2OH

geraniol fenetilalkohol

18

Juniperi fructus borka terms

O C

O

CH3

terpenilacett -pinn -pinn

Eucalypti folium eukaliptusz levl

O

H

H

OC

CH2OH

citronellal citrl geraniol -fellandrn

CHCH3 CH3

CH3

O

p-cimol -pinn cineol

19

Carvi fructus (konyha)kmny terms

O

O

karvon dihidrokarvon limonn szabinn

OH

OH

O

OOH

OH

OH

OH

karveol dihidrokarveol kempferol

O

OOH

OH

OHOH

OH

O

OOH

OH

OH

OH

OCH3

kvercetin izoramnetin

20

Coriandri fructus koriander terms

O

CH2OH

CH2OH

kmfor citronellol geraniol -pinn

CHCH3 CH3

CH3

OH

-terpinn p-cimol limonn linalool

Aurantii epi- et mesocarpium narancs (kls+kzps) termsfal

H

OC

O

OOH

OH

OH

limonn -terpinn citrl naringenin

neoheszperidin

O

OOH

O

O

OHO

O

OHOH

CH2OH

O

OHOHOH

CH3

CH3

21

Cardamomi fructus kardamom terms

O

OH

O C

O

CH3

cineol -terpineol terpenilacett limonn

O

-terpinn szabinn kmfor

Euphrasiae herba szemvidtf

O

OH

OCH2OH O Gl

O

OH

OHO-H2C Gl

katalpol aukubin

22

Tanaceti herba (gilisztaz) vardicsf

O

O

H

OH

tujon umbellulon tujilalkohol

O

OH

kmfor borneol kamazuln

Centaurii herba ezerjf

O

O

O

O gl

O

O

O

O gl

O O

CH

O

genciopikrin sverozid eritrocentaurin

23

Valerianae radix macskagykr

O CH3O

C

O

OH

O

O

H

bornilacett valeranon valernsav valeranal

O

CH2

OO

O

CH2C CH

CH3

CH3

O CH3C

O

O

CCH2CHCH3

CH3

O

valtrt

O

CH2

OO

O

CH2C CH

CH3

CH3

O C

O

O

C

O

CH3

CH2 CHCH3

CH3

izovaltrt

24

Gentianae radix trnicsgykr

O

O

O

O gl

O

O OH

O-CH3

OH

genciopikrin gentizin

Matricariae flos kamillavirg

O

O

OH

O CH3

O

C

OH

OH

matricin kamazuln -bizabolol spatulenol

O

OH

OH

O

OH

O

OH

OH

O

OH

OH

farnezn apigenin luteolin

25

Millefolii herba cickafarkf

O

O

-pinn -pinn kampfn cineol kmfor

OH

O CH3O

C

OH

borneol bornilacett szabinn -terpinn terpinn-4-ol

CHCH3 CH3

CH3

O

O

O

p-cimol kamazuln achillin

O

O

OH

O CH3

O

C

O

OH

OH

O

OH

matricin apigenin

26

Petasitidis folium acsalapu levl

O

OH

petazol

Absinthi herba fehr rmf

O

OH

OH

OH

tujon tujol spatulenol -bizabolol

OH

O

OO

O

O

OH

linalool cineol abszintin

27

Artemisiae vulgaris herba fekete rmf

O

OH

OH

OO

OH

kmfor borneol terpinn-4-ol vulgarin

OO

OO

OH

O OOH

O OOH

OH

pszilosztachin umbelliferon eszkuletin

Cardui benedicti herba benedekf

CHCH3 CH3

CH3

O

H

OC

CH CHH

OC

COOH

p-cimol fenchon citrl fahjaldehid benzoesav

28

CH2

O

OOOH

O

CH2OHCH

CH2OH

C C

OO

O

OO

OH

CH3

CH3

CH3

knicin arctigenin

Arnicae flos rnikavirg

CH3

OHCHCH3 CH3

O

OO

O

O H

CH3CH3

OH

CC C

timol rnifolintiglint -fellandrn mircn

CHOH

OH

CH COOH

O OOH

-kadinn kvsav umbelliferon

29

Bardanae radix bojtorjngykr

O

O

H

O

S SCCH3 CC

dehidrokosztuszlakton arctinl

H3C CH CH (C C)4 CH CH2

O

OO

O

OO

CH3

Gl

CH3

CH3

trideka-1,11-din-3,5,7,9-tetrain arctiin

Pyrethri flos rovarporvirg

O

OCH2

O

CH CH CH2CH

C

piretrin

30

Colophonium hegedgyanta

HOOC

abietinsav

Cichorii radix, C. folium katnggykr s -levl

O

CH2OHO

O

OH

O

CH2OHO

O

O CH2

O

OHC

laktucin laktukopikrin

CHOH

OH

CHO

O

OH

OH

OH

COOH

C

O O

OH

OGl

klorognsav cichoriin

31

Taraxaci radix, T. herba pongyola pitypang gykr s -f

OO

O

OGl

O O

OH

OGl

taraxakolid--D-glkozid taraxaszterol

OH CH2O

H O

HO

OO

CH2OH

HOHH

H

OHOC

taraxakozid

Marrubii herba pemetef

OH

OO

O

OH

COOH

marrubiin urzolsav

32

Saponariae albae radix, Saponariae rubrae radix fehr s vrs szappangykr

OHCHO

COOHH

gipszogenin

Liquiritiae radix desgykr

OH

O

O

OH

Gl

OOH

O

OGl

izolikviritin likviritin

O

O

COOH

O

O

COOH

OH

OH

OOH

OH

OH

glicirrhizinsav

33

Primulae radix kankalingykr

primulasav-A

Hederae helicis folium borostynlevl

-elemn germakrn

COO

OL-araL-ra

D-gl--D-gl--L-ra

hederakozid-B

34

Verbasci flos krfarkkr virg

O

OH

OCH2OH O Gl

O

OH

OHO-H2C Gl

katalpol aukubin

CH2OH

OH

CH2OHOfukgl

gl

ra

verbaszkoszaponin

Veronicae herba veronikaf

OH

OH

OO

OOCH2

O

OH

Gl

C

OO

OOCH2

O

OH

Gl

C

O

OH

OCH2OH O Gl

verpozid verinakozid katalpol

35

Betulae folium nyrlevl

O

O

OH

OH

CH2

O

CH3

O

CH3

O

CC

C

O

OH

OH

O

OH

OH

O Gal

triterpnszaponin-1 hiperozid

Ononidis radix iglicegykr

OH

OH

O

OOCH3

OGl

-onocerin (=onocol) ononin

OHO

OCH3O

formononetin

36

Herniariae herba porcikaf

O OCH3O

O OOH

HO

HO

C

COOH

O R

O

herniarin umbelliferon R=1--D-glkz6-1- -D-glkz = herniariaszaponin I.

R=1--L-ramnz2-1-D-glkz 4-1-D-glkz = herniariaszaponin II.

Solidaginis virgaureae herba kznsges aranyvesszf

O

OOH

OH

OHOH

OH

O

OOH

OH

OH

OH

HO

COOH

kvercetin kempferol oleanolsav

Hippocastani semen, H. folium,H. cortex vadgesztenye mag, levl, kreg

HO

OCH2OH

C CH3

O

O O

O

OH

Gl

protoeszcigenin eszkulin

37

Calendulae flos - krmvirg

HO

COOH

O

O

OOH

OH

OHOH

OH

oleanolsav -jonon kvercetin

Ginseng radix - ginszenggykr

COOH

OHO

CH3

OH

COOH

OH

H

OC

vanillinsav szalicilsav -terpineol citrl

OHOH

OH

limonn protopanaxadiol

38

Urticae folium, U. radix csalnlevl, gykr

CH2 CH2 NCH3

CH3CH3

OHOCH3

O

C+

N

CH2OH

H

CH2 NH2

acetilkolin szerotonin

N

NCH2

H

CH2

NH2

CH2CH3OH

OH

hisztamin -szitoszterol koleszterol

Epilobii herba fzikef

O

OOH

OH

OH

OH

O

OOH

OH

OHOH

OH

CH2CH3OH

kempferol kvercetin -szitoszterol

39

Dioscoreae tuber jamszgykr gum

O

OH

O

A B

C DE

F

dioszgenin

Avenae herba (abrak)zabf

avenakozid A

OCH2OH

H

OH

H

O

O

OH H

H

CH2-O

CH2OH

H OHOHH

OH

O

CH2OHOH

OH

CH2OH

HH

H H

OO-CH3

O-RO-CH3

OOH

OH

kesztz tricin

40

Kardenolid-bufadienolidok

O

O

OHOH

OH

C

HO

O

O

HOH

OH

sztrofantidin digitoxigenin

OHOH

O

O

szcillarenin

41

Alkaloidok

Belladonnae radix, B. folium, Stramonii folium, Hyosciami folium nadragulyagykr s -levl, maszlaglevl, belndeklevl

NCH3

H

O

HO

CH2OH

C6H5C C

NCH3

H

O CH2OH

HO

OC C

atropin L-szkopolamin (L- s D-hioszciamin)

Cocae folium kokalevl

NCH3 O

H

O

O CH3

O

C6H5

C

C

NCH3

OH

O

O C6H5

O

C

C

kokain benzoilekgonin

Nicotianae folium dohnylevl

N

N

H

NNCH3

NN

H

anabazin nikotin nornikotin

42

Symphyti radix (fekete) nadlyt gykr

NH2

N

O

O

N

NH

O

H

H

N

OH CH2-O-C

O

CC C CH3OH H

OH

CH3CH3C H

allantoin intermedin

Lobeliae herba lobliaf (porhonrojtf)

N

OOH

CH3

lobelin

Laburni semen aranyes mag

N

O

NH

N

CH2OH

N

N

citizin laburnin spartein

43

Sarothamni scoparii herba seprzantf

N

N

N

N

O

spartein lupanin

Capsici fructus paprika terms

OHO-CH3

CH2-NH-CO-(CH2)4-CH CH-CHCH3

CH3

kapszaicin

Ephedrae herba csikfarkf

CH3

H

OH

H

NH CH3

C C

L-efedrin

44

Papaveris caput mk tok

OH

OH

O

N CH3

H3C-O

OHH

N-CH3

O

O

O

O

N CH3

H3C

H3C

morfin kodein tebain

N

CH2

OO

O

O

CH3

CH3

CH3CH3

CH3CH3

CH3

CH2

OO

O

ON

O HC O

O

CH3C

CH2

COOHO-CH3

O-CH3

O

OO

NCH3

CH3

OCH3

papaverin narkotin narcein

Fumariae herba fstikef

N

O

O

O

O

O

CH3

CH2

CH2

H3C-O

H3C-ON

OO

OCH2

CH3

protopin kriptopin

45

Chelidonii herba, C. radix fecskef s -gykr

N

O CH2

O

O

O

OH

CH3

CH2

N

O CH2

O

O

O

CH3

CH2

+

kelidonin szangvinarin

N

O

OO-CH3

O-CH3

CH2 +

O

O

COOHHOOC

berberin kelidonsav

Colchici tuber kikerics gum

O

CH3O

CH3O

CH3O

CH3O

HO

H

....N

NH

O

CH3O

CH3O

CH3O

CH3OH

CH3

kolchicin demekolcin

46

Ipecacuanhae radix ipekakuna gykr

N

NH

H3C-O

H3C-O

OH

O-CH3

N

NH

H3C-O

H3C-O

O-CH3

O-CH3

cefaelin emetin

Curare kurre

N

H3C-O

OH

OH

OH

NO

H

CH3

CH3

H3C-O

H

+

+

N

CH2OHCH

N

CHHO2HC

N

NCH3

+

+

(+)-tubokurarin C-toxiferin

47

Secale cornutum anyarozs

N

NH

HOOC

H

H

CH3

NH

CH3O

NHCH2OH

H

CH3C

:

..

C

N

NO

H

CH2C6H5O

OH

CH3NH

O

ON

NH

CH3

C

C

N

NO

OOH

CH2H

NHCH O

ON

NH

HCH3

CH3

CH3

C

C

D-lizergsav ergometrin ergotamin ergokrisztin

Rauwolfiae radix rauvolfia (vrnyomscserje) gykr

N

N

H

H

HH H

HO

O-CH3H

O

O O-CH3

O-CH3

O-CH3

O-CH3

C

C

reszerpin

N

N H

HH H

OHH

H O

O-CH3

C

N

N

O

H

H3COOCHH

CH3

johimbin ajmalicin

48

Vincae minoris herba metngf

NN

OHH3COOC

vinkamin

Catharanti rosei herba rzsametngf

N

N

OHHH3COOC

H3C-O N

N

OCOCH3OH COOCH3CH3

N

N

OHHH3COOC

H3C-O N

N

OCOCH3OH COOCH3OHC

vinblasztin vinkrisztin

Strychni semen sztrichnin mag

O

O-gl

OH

CH3

COOCH3

N O

O

H

H

N

N O

O

O

O

N

CH3

CH3

loganin sztrichnin brucin

49

Chinae cortex knafa kreg

N

CHCH3O

OHN

CH CH2

N

CHOH

N

CH CH2

kinin kinidin cinchonidin cinchonin

Physostigmae semen kalabrbab mag

N N

CH3CH3-NH-CO-O

CH3 CH3

fizosztigmin

Xantinok

N

N

O

OCH3

N

NCH3 CH3

N

O

O

N

NCH3

NCH3

H

N

O

O

N

NCH3

N

CH3H

koffein teofillin teobromin

50

Solani herba csucsorf

OH

O

N

H

D

EF

A

C

B

szolaszodin

Bursae pastoris herba psztortskaf

CH2OH CH2 NCH3

CH3CH3

OH+

CH2 CH2 NCH3

CH3CH3

OHOCH3

O

C+

kolin acetilkolin

OH CH2 CH2 NH2

tiramin

Allii sativi bulbus fokhagyma

H2CC

NH2

HO

S+

COOH

H2C

O

SS+ CH2

alliin allicin

51

Galegae herba kecskerutaf

NH2NH2

H

COOH

NH2

COOH

CH

CH2CH2CH2NH NH2C

NH

NH2

COOH

CH

CH2CH2CH2NH C

O

NH2

lizin arginin citrullin

HNNH2

NH2C

H2N NH

NH

guanidin galegin

Sinapis albae semen, S. nigrae semen fehr s fekete mustrmag

O SCH2OH

OHOH OH

CN-O-SO3

CH2-CH

-

CH2

R N C S

szinigrin (alkil)izotiociant

52

Phaseoli legumen babhvely

HNH2

COOH

C

CH2

CH2

COOH

CH2COOH

HNH2

COOH

C

glutaminsav aszparaginsav

NH2

COOH

CH

CH2CH2CH2NH NH2C

NH

NH2

COOH

CH

CH2CH2 S CH3

NCOOH

H

arginin metionin prolin

Filicis maris rhizoma pajzsika gykrtrzs

O O

OH

CH2

OH

O

CH2

OH

OH

OH

O O

OHOH

filixsav

53

Lupuli strobulus komltoboz

OHOH

O

O

OH

OH

O

O

OH

humulon lupulon

OH

humuln kariofilln 2-metil-3-butn-2-ol

Frangulae cortex kutyabenge kreg

O

O

OH

OH

OH

CH3

frangulaemodin

54

Rhei rhizoma rebarbara gykrtrzs

O

O

OH OH

COOH

O

O

OH OH

CH2OH

rein aloeemodin

OOH OH

CH3OH

OOH

CH2OH

OH

OOH OH

CH3OH

OOH OH

COOH

reumemodin-aloeemodin-diantron reumemodin-rein-diantron

O OCH2OH

OHOH OH

C

O OH

OH

OH

glkogallin

Sennae folium, S. fructus szenna levl, terms

szennozid A

O OH

OOH

O-gl

COOHH

HHOOC

O-gl

55

Aloe capensis aloe gyanta

OOH OH

CH2OHH OOH

CH2OH

OHOH

aloin

Tiliae flos hrsvirg

O

OOH

OHOH

OH

O-ra

O

OOH

OHOH

OH

O Gl

CHOH CH COOH

kvercitrin izokvercitrin p-kumrsav

OH

OH O

OO

OH

O

OH OH

CH2OH

O CH CH OH

O

C

CH2OH

OH

tilirozid geraniol linalool

56

Sambuci flos bodzavirg

O

OOH

OHOH

OH

O rutinz

CHOH

OH

CHO

O

OH

OH

OH

COOH

C

rutin klorognsav

O OCH2OH

OHOH OH

C

H

CN

OH

CH3

szambunigrin -amirin

CH2CH3OH

OH

CH2CH3

-szitoszterol sztigmaszterol

57

Crataegi folium cum flore (=summitas) galagonya gvg

OOH

CH2OH

OHOH

OOH

O

OH

OH

OOH

CH2OH

OHOH

OOH

O

OH

OHOH

O

OH

OH

O

OH

OH

O Gal

vitexin orientin hiperozid

O

OH

OH

OH

OH

OH

O

OH

OH

OH

OH

OH

O

OH

OH

OH

OH

OH

CHOH

OH

CHO

O

OH

OH

OH

COOH

C

epikatechin dimr-procianidin klorognsav

OH

COOH

HO

COOH

urzolsav oleanolsav

CH2-CH2-NH2

OH CH2 CH2 NH2

fenetilamin tiramin

58

Equiseti herba zsurlf

N

N

NH

H

O

H

OH

palusztrin

Ginkgo bilobae folium ginkg (pfrnyfeny) levl

OO

OH O

O-CH3

OOH

O

OH

OH

CH3

O OOHCH3

O

H

O

H

O

OOH

C CH3CH3

CH3H

H

ginkgetin ginkgolid A

Hyperici herba orbncf

O

OHOH

OH O

CH3

CH3

OH

OH OH

OHO

O O

O

OH

OH

O

OH

OH

O Gal

hipericin hiperforin hiperozid

59

Stoechados flos szalmagyopr virg

O

OH

OH

O

OH

O OOH

O OOH

OH

apigenin umbelliferon eszkuletin

O OOH

H3C-O

szkopoletin

Silybi mariae fructus mriatvis terms

O

O

O

OOH

OHCH2OH

O-CH3

OH

O

O

O

CH2OH

OOH

OH

OH

O-CH3

OH

sziliandrin szilibin

Ribis nigri folium (fekete) ribiszke levl

O

OOH

OH

OHOH

OHOH

O

OOH

OH

OHOH

OH

O

OOH

OH

OH

OH

miricetin kvercetin kempferol

60

Galla, Quercus cortex tlgykreg

COOH

OHOHOH

O OCH2OH

OHOH OH

C

O OH

OH

OH

OHOH

O

COOH

CO

OH OOH

CO

OHOH

OH

galluszsav glkogallin m-trigalluszsav

OHOH OH

OH

COOH

COOHOH OH

OHOH

OHOH

O

O

CO

CO

hexaoxidifnsav ellgsav

Anserinae herba libapimpf

OHOH

OHOH

O

O

CO

CO

ellgsav

61

Tormentillae rhizoma vrontf gykrtrzs

O

OOH

OH OH

OH

C

O OH

OH

OH

O

OH

OH

OH

OH

OH

COOH

OHOHOH

katechin-gallt katechin galluszsav

Gei radix et rhizoma gymbrgykr s gykrtrzs

OHOH

COOH

OH

CH2

O-CH3

CH CH2

CH2

O-CH3O-gl-ra

CH CH2

protokatechusav eugenol gein

Agrimoniae herba prlf

O

OH

OH

OH

OH

OH

katechin

62

Fragariae folium szederlevl

O

OH

OH

OHOH

OH

OH

OH

COOCH3

O CO

H

OH

leukocianidin metilszalicilt furfural = furfurol linalool

Myrtilli folium, M. fructus (fekete) fonyalevl, terms

O

OO

OH2C OC

O

CH3O

OH

OHCH2OHOH

aszperulozid

Podophylli rhizoma (amerikai) tojsbogy gykrtrzs

O

OO

O-CH3O-CH3

H3C-O

OH

O

podofillotoxin

63

Meliloti herba somkrf

O-gl

COOH

O O

melilotozid melilotin

Angelicae radix angyalgykr

O O OO CH3

O O O

O-CH3

xantotoxin bergaptn

Ammeos visnagae fructus fogpiszklf terms

OH

O O CH3

OH3C-O

linalool visznagin

64

Ammi majoris fructus ammi terms Levistici radix lestyngykr

O OO-CH3

O

H3C-O

O O O

izopimpinellin pszoraln

Apii fructus zeller terms Juglandis folium dilevl

O

H3C-O

OH O

O

O OH

apigravin juglon

Droserae herba harmatf Lawsoniae (Hennae) folium hennalevl

OCH3

OH O

O

O

OH

plumbagin 2-hidroxi-naftokinon (=lawson)

65

Cinnamomi cortex fahjfa kreg Caryophylli flos szegfszeg virg

H COOH

HC C

OH

CH2

O-CH3

CH CH2

fahjsav eugenol

Anisi vulgaris fructus (kznsges) nizsterms

OCH

CHO

3

H3C-O

nizsaldehid t-anetol

Foeniculi fructus deskmny terms

H3C-O

H3C-O

metilkavikol t-anetol

Asari rhizoma kapotnyak gykrtrzs Calami rhizoma klmos gykrtrzs

H3C-O

O-CH3

O-CH3

H3C-O

O-CH3

O-CH3

t-azaron -azaron

66

Balsamum peruvianum perubalzsam

CH CH C O-CH3

O

C O-CH3

O

OH

CHO

O-CH3

metilcinnamt metilbenzot vanillin

Spireae flos rti legyezf virg Uvae ursi folium medveszl levl

OHCHO

OH

O OOH

OHCH2OH

OH

szalicilaldehid arbutin

Salicis cortex fzfa kreg Cannabis herba kenderf

CH2OH

O C6H11O5

O

OH

C5H11

szalicin THC (tetrahidrokannabinol)

67

Drogok s anyanvnyeik

Drog Anyanvny Absinthi herba Artemisia absinthium L. fehr rm Agrimoniae herba Agrimonia eupatoria L. prlf Allii sativi bulbus Allium sativus L. fokhagyma Aloe capensis Aloe ferox Mill., A. vera (L.)

Burm. f. tvises s orvosi alo

Ammeos visnagae fructus Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam. fogpiszklf Ammi majoris fructus Ammi majus L. ammi Angelicae radix Angelica archangelica L. orvosi angyalgykr Anisi vulgaris fructus Pimpinella anisum L. nizs Anserinae herba Potentilla anserina L. libapimp Apii fructus Apium graveolens L. zeller Arnicae flos Arnica montana L. hegyi rnika Artemisiae vulgaris herba Artemisia vulgaris L. fekete rm Asari rhizoma Asarum europaeum L. kapotnyak Aurantii epi- et mesocarpium Citrus aurantium L. narancs Avenae herba Avena sativa L. (abrak)zab Balsamum peruvianum Myroxylon balsamum (L.)

Harms var. pereirae (Royle) Harms

perubalzsam

Bardanae radix Arctium lappa L. A. tomentosum Mill. A. minus (Hill) Bernh

kznsges bojtorjn pkhls bojtorjn kis bojtorjn

Belladonnae radix Atropa belladonna L. nadragulya Belladonnae folium Atropa belladonna L. nadragulya Betulae folium Betula pendula Roth kznsges nyr Bursae pastoris herba Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.)

Medic. psztortska

Calami rhizoma Acorus calamus L. klmos Calendulae flos Calendula officinalis L. krmvirg Cannabis herba Cannabis sativa L. kender Capsici fructus Capsicum annuus L. paprika Cardamomi fructus Elettaria cardamomum White et

Maton kardamom

Cardui benedicti herba Cnicus benedictus L. benedekf Carvi fructus Carum carvi L. (konyha)kmny Caryophylli flos Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr.

et Perry szegfszeg(fa)

Catharanti rosei herba Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don rzsametng Centaurii herba Centaurium minus Moench kis ezerjf Chelidonii herba Chelidonium majus L. vrehull fecskef Chelidonii radix Chelidonium majus L. vrehull fecskef Chinae cortex Cinchona pubescens Vahl vrs knafa Cichorii radix Cichorium intybus L. katngkr Cichorii folium Cichorium intybus L. katngkr Cinnamomi cortex Cinnamomum aromaticum Nees knai fahjfa

68

Drog Anyanvny Cocae folium Erythroxylon coca Lam. kokacserje Colchici tuber Colchicum autumnale L. szi kikerics Colophonium Pinus sylvestris L., P. nigra L. erdei s fekete feny Coriandri fructus Coriandrum sativum L. koriander Crataegi folium cum flore (= summitas)

Crataegus monogyna Jacq. C. oxyacantha L.

egybibs s ktbibs galagonya

Curare Chondrodendron tomentosum Ruiz et Pavon Strychnos toxifera Benth.

tubokurre

Kalabas-kurre Dioscoreae tuber Dioscorea mexicana Scheidw. jamszgykr Droserae herba Drosera rotundifolia L. kereklevel harmatf Echinaceae radix Echinacea purpurea (L.)

Moench E. angustifolia DC. E. pallida (Nutt.) Nutt.

piros kasvirg

keskenylevel kasvirg halvny kasvirg

Ephedrae herba Ephedra dystachia L. csikfark Epilobii herba Epilobium parviflorum Schreb.

E. roseum Schreb. kisvirg fzike rzss fzike

Equiseti herba Equisetum arvense L. mezei zsurl Eucalypti folium Eucalyptus globulus Labill. eukaliptusz Euphrasiae herba Euphrasia rostkoviana Hayne orvosi szemvidt Farfarae folium Tussilago farfara L. martilapu Farfarae flos Tussilago farfara L. martilapu Filicis maris rhizoma Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott erdei pajzsika Foeniculi fructus Foeniculum vulgare Mill. deskmny Fragariae folium Fragaria vesca L. erdei szamca Frangulae cortex Frangula alnus Mill. kutyabenge Fumariae herba Fumaria officinalis L. orvosi fstike Galegae herba Galega officinalis L. kecskeruta Galla Quercus infectoria Olivier kurdisztni tlgy Gei radix et rhizoma Geum urbanum L. erdei gymbrgykr Gentianae radix Gentiana lutea L. srga trnics Ginkgo bilobae folium Ginko biloba L. ginkg, pfrnyfeny Ginseng radix Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. ginszeng Hederae helicis folium Hedera helix L. borostyn Hennae (Lawsoniae) folium Lawsonia inermis L. henna Herniariae herba Herniaria glabra L.

Herniaria hirsuta L. kopasz porcikaf borzas porcikaf

Hippocastani semen Aesculus hippocastanum L. vadgesztenye Hippocastani folium Aesculus hippocastanum L. vadgesztenye Hippocastani cortex Aesculus hippocastanum L. vadgesztenye Hyosciami folium Hyoscyamus niger L. bolondt belndek Hyperici herba Hypericum perforatum L. lyukaslevel orbncf Hyssopi herba Hyssopus officinalis L. izsp Ipecacuanhae radix Cephaelis ipecacuanha Brot. ipekakuna Juglandis folium Juglans regia L. pomps di

69

Drog Anyanvny Juniperi fructus Juniperus communis L. borka Laburni semen Laburnum anagyroides Medic. aranyes Lavandulae flos Lavandula angustifolia Mill. levendula Lawsoniae (Hennae) folium Lawsonia inermis L. henna Levistici radix Levisticum officinale Koch lestyn Lini semen Linum usitatissimum L. len Liquiritiae radix Glycyrrhiza glabra L. desgykr Lobeliae herba Lobelia inflata L. loblia Lupuli strobulus Humulus lupulus L. koml Majoranae herba Origanum majorana L. majoranna Marrubii herba Marrubium vulgare L. pemetef Matricariae flos Matricaria recutita L. kamilla, orvosi szkf Meliloti herba Melilotus officinale (L.) Lam. orvosi somkr Melissae folium Melissa officinalis L. orvosi citromf Menthae crispae folium Mentha spicata L. convar. crispa

(Benth.) Mansf. fodormenta

Menthae piperitae folium Mentha x piperita (L.) Huds. borsosmenta Millefolii herba Achillea millefolium L. kznsges cickafark Myrtilli folium Vaccinium myrtillus L. fekete fonya Myrtilli fructus Vaccinium myrtillus L. fekete fonya Nicotianae folium Nicotiana tabacum L. dohny Oleum ricini Ricinus communis L. ricinus Ononidis radix Ononis spinosa L. tvises iglice Origani herba Origanum vulgare L. szurokf, oregn Papaveris caput Papaver somniferum L. mk Petasitidis folium Petasites hybridus (L.) G.M.Sch. vrs acsalapu Phaseoli legumen Phaseolus vulgaris L. bab Physostigmae semen Physostigma venenosum Balf. kalabrbab Plantaginis lanceolatae folium

Plantago lanceolata L. lndzss tif

Podophylli rhizoma Podophyllum peltatum L. amerikai tojsbogy Primulae radix Primula veris Huds.

P. elatior (L.) Hill. P. vulgaris Huds.

tavaszi kankalin sudr kankalin szrtalan kankalin

Pyrethri flos Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium (Trev.) Vis.

rovarporvirg

Quercus cortex Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. Quercus robur L.

kocsnytalan s kocsnyos tlgy

Rauwolfiae radix Rauwolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. Et Hook.

indiai vrnyomscserje

Rhei rhizoma Rheum palmatum L. knai rebarbara Ribis nigri folium Ribes nigrum L. fekete ribiszke Rosae petalum Rosa gallica L. parlagi rzsa Rosmarini folium Rosmarinus officinalis L. rozmaring Salicis cortex Salix alba L.

S. daphnoides Vill. S. fragilis L. S. purpurea L.

fehr fz boroszlnlevel fz csrege-fz csigolyafz

70

Drog Anyanvny Salviae folium Salvia officinalis L. orvosi zslya Sambuci flos Sambucus nigra L. fekete bodza Saponariae albae radix Gypsophila paniculata L. buglyos ftyolvirg Saponariae rubrae radix Saponaria officinalis L. orvosi szappanf Sarothamni scoparii herba Sarothamnus scoparius (L.)

Wimm. ex W.D.J. Koch seprzant

Secale cornutum Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tul. anyarozs Sennae folium Senna alexandrina Mill. szenna, anyalevl Sennae fructus Senna alexandrina Mill. szenna, anyalevl Serpylli herba Thymus serpyllum L. mezei kakukkf Silybi mariae fructus Silybum marianum (L.) Grtn. mriatvis Sinapis albae semen Sinapis alba L. fehr mustr Sinapis nigrae semen Brassica nigra (L.) Koch fekete mustr Solani herba Solanum nigrum L. fekete csucsor Solidaginis virgaureae herba Solidago virgaurea L. kznsges aranyvessz Spireae flos Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. rti legyezf Stoechados flos Helichrysum arenarium (L.)

Moench homoki szalmagyopr

Stramonii folium Datura stramonium L. csattan maszlag Strychni semen Strychnos nux-vomica L. sztrichninfa, ebvszmag Symphyti radix Symphytum officinale L. fekete nadlyt Tanaceti herba Tanacetum vulgare L. gilisztaz vardics Taraxaci radix Taraxacum officinale Weber ex

Wiggers pongyola pitypang

Taraxaci herba Taraxacum officinale Weber ex Wiggers

pongyola pitypang

Thymi herba Thymus vulgare L. kerti kakukkf Tiliae flos Tilia cordata Mill.

Tilia platyphyllos Scop. kislevel hrs nagylevel hrs

Tormentillae rhizoma Potentilla erecta (L.) Ruschel vrontf Urticae folium Urtica dioica L.

U. urens L. nagy csaln apr csaln

Urticae radix Urtica dioica L. U. urens L.

nagy csaln apr csaln

Uvae ursi folium Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.

medveszl

Valerianae radix Valeriana officinalis L. macskagykr Verbasci flos Verbascum phlomoides L.

V. thapsiforme Schrad. V. thapsus L.

szszs krfarkkr dsvirg krfarkkr molyhos krfarkkr

Veronicae herba Veronica officinalis L. orvosi veronika Vincae minoris herba Vinca minor L. kis tlizld metng Visci stipes Viscum album L. fehr fagyngy

71

Nvnyi hatanyagok nvmutatja

2-hidroxi-naftokinon (lawson) .......................................................................................................65 2-metil-3-butn-2-ol.......................................................................................................................53 Abietinsav ......................................................................................................................................30 Abszintin ........................................................................................................................................26 Acetilkolin............................................................................................................................10,38,50 Achillin ..........................................................................................................................................25 Ajmalicin........................................................................................................................................47 Alanin...............................................................................................................................................3 Alfa()-amirin ...........................................................................................................................16,56 Alfa()-bizabolol ......................................................................................................................24,26 Alfa()-fellandrn .....................................................................................................................18,28 Alfa()-onocerin (onocol)..............................................................................................................35 Alfa()-pinn ........................................................................................................13,14,16,18,20,25 Alfa()-terpinn ...................................................................................................................14,20,21 Alfa()-terpineol ........................................................................................................11,13,15,21,37 Alfa()-tujon ..................................................................................................................................14 Alkil-izotiociant ...........................................................................................................................51 Allantoin ........................................................................................................................................42 Allicin ............................................................................................................................................50 Alliin ..............................................................................................................................................50 Aloeemodin....................................................................................................................................54 Aloin ..............................................................................................................................................55 Anabazin ........................................................................................................................................41 nizsaldehid ..................................................................................................................................65 Antrakinon .......................................................................................................................................6 Antranilsav.......................................................................................................................................5 Apigenin............................................................................................................................7,24,25,59 Apigravin .......................................................................................................................................64 Arbutin ...........................................................................................................................................66 Arctigenin ......................................................................................................................................28 Arctiin ............................................................................................................................................29 Arctinl ..........................................................................................................................................29 Arginin ...................................................................................................................................4,51,52 rnifolintiglint .............................................................................................................................28 Aszparagin .......................................................................................................................................3 Aszparaginsav .............................................................................................................................3,52 Aszperulozid ...............................................................................................................................8,62 Atropin ...........................................................................................................................................41 Aukubin..................................................................................................................................8,21,34 Avenakozid A ................................................................................................................................39 Benzoilekgonin ..............................................................................................................................41 Benzoesav ......................................................................................................................................27 Berberin..........................................................................................................................................45 Bergaptn .......................................................................................................................................63 Bta()-amirin................................................................................................................................16 Bta()-azaron ...............................................................................................................................65 Bta()-elemn...............................................................................................................................33 Bta()-jonon .................................................................................................................................37

72

Bta()-kariofilln .........................................................................................................................12 Bta()-pinn .......................................................................................................................14,18,25 Bta()-szitoszterol ...................................................................................................................38,56 Betulin............................................................................................................................................16 Borneol..................................................................................................................11,13,17,22,25,27 Bornilacett ..........................................................................................................................17,23,25 Brucin.............................................................................................................................................48 Cefaelin ..........................................................................................................................................46 Cichoriin ........................................................................................................................................30 Cikriasav ........................................................................................................................................9 Cinchonidin (cinchonin) ................................................................................................................49 Cinchonin (cinchonidin) ................................................................................................................49 Cineol..........................................................................................................11,13,14,17,18,21,25,26 Cisztein ............................................................................................................................................3 Citizin.............................................................................................................................................42 Citrl .....................................................................................................................12,17,18,20,27,37 Citronellal ............................................................................................................................12,17,18 Citronellol ............................................................................................................................12,17,20 Citrullin .......................................................................................................................................4,51 C-toxiferin......................................................................................................................................46 Dehidrokosztuszlakton...................................................................................................................29 Delta()-kadinn ............................................................................................................................28 Demekolcin ....................................................................................................................................45 Digitoxigenin .................................................................................................................................40 Dihidrokarveol ..........................................................................................................................12,19 Dihidrokarvon ................................................................................................................................19 Dimr-procianidin..........................................................................................................................57 Dioszgenin .....................................................................................................................................39 D-lizergsav.....................................................................................................................................47 Echinacein........................................................................................................................................9 Echinakozid......................................................................................................................................9 Efedrin (L-efedrin).........................................................................................................................43 Ellgsav..........................................................................................................................................60 Emetin ............................................................................................................................................46 Epikatechin ....................................................................................................................................57 Ergokrisztin....................................................................................................................................47 Ergometrin .....................................................................................................................................47 Ergotamin.......................................................................................................................................47 Eritrocentaurin ...............................................................................................................................22 Eszkuletin..................................................................................................................................27,59 Eszkulin..........................................................................................................................................36 Eugenol .....................................................................................................................................61,65 Fahjaldehid...................................................................................................................................27 Fahjsav .........................................................................................................................................65 Farnezn.........................................................................................................................................24 Fenchon..........................................................................................................................................27 Fenetilalkohol ................................................................................................................................17 Fenetilamin ....................................................................................................................................57 Fenilalanin...................................................................................................................................3,10 Filixsav...........................................................................................................................................52

73

Fizosztigmin...................................................................................................................................49 Formononetin.................................................................................................................................35 Frangulaemodin .............................................................................................................................53 Furfural (furfurol) ..........................................................................................................................62 Furfurol (furfural) ..........................................................................................................................62 Galegin...........................................................................................................................................51 Galluszsav .................................................................................................................................60,61 Gamma()-terpinn ...................................................................................................................20,25 Gein................................................................................................................................................61 Genciopikrin .............................................................................................................................22,24 Gentizin..........................................................................................................................................24 Geraniol.................................................................................................................12,13,17,18,20,55 Germakrn......................................................................................................................................33 Germakrn-D .................................................................................................................................12 Ginkgetin........................................................................................................................................58 Ginkgolid A ...................................................................................................................................58 Gipszogenin ...................................................................................................................................32 Glicin................................................................................................................................................3 Glicirrhizinsav................................................................................................................................32 Glutamin ..........................................................................................................................................3 Glutaminsav ................................................................................................................................3,52 Glkogallin ...............................................................................................................................54,60 Guanidin.........................................................................................................................................51 Hederakozid-B ...............................................................................................................................33 Herniariaszaponin I., II. .................................................................................................................36 Herniarin ........................................................................................................................................36 Hexaoxidifnsav ............................................................................................................................60 Hiperforin.......................................................................................................................................58 Hipericin ........................................................................................................................................58 Hiperozid..............................................................................................................................35,57,58 Hisztamin ..................................................................................................................................10,38 Hisztidin...........................................................................................................................................4 Humuln.........................................................................................................................................53 Humulon ........................................................................................................................................53 Indol .................................................................................................................................................5 Intermedin ......................................................................................................................................42 Izokinolin .........................................................................................................................................5 Izokvercitrin...................................................................................................................................55 Izolikviritin ....................................................................................................................................32 Izopimpinellin ................................................................................................................................64 Izoramnetin ....................................................................................................................................19 Izovaltrt ........................................................................................................................................23 Izotiociant .............................................................................................................................51 Johimbin.........................................................................................................................................47 Juglon.............................................................................................................................................64 Kamazuln ...........................................................................................................................22,24,25 Kmfor .............................................................................................................11,17,20,21,22,25,27 Kampfn....................................................................................................................................14,25 Kapszaicin......................................................................................................................................43 Kariofilln ......................................................................................................................................53

74

Karnosol.........................................................................................................................................17 Karvakrol ..................................................................................................................................13,14 Karveol......................................................................................................................................12,19 Karvon.......................................................................................................................................12,19 Katalpol..................................................................................................................................8,21,34 Katechin ....................................................................................................................................61,62 Katechin-gallt ...............................................................................................................................61 Kvsav..................................................................................................................................6,15,28 Kelidonin........................................................................................................................................45 Kelidonsav .....................................................................................................................................45 Kempferol ....................................................................................................................6,19,38,39,59 Kesztz...........................................................................................................................................39 Kinidin (kinin) ...............................................................................................................................49 Kinin (kinidin) ...............................................................................................................................49 Kinolin .............................................................................................................................................5 Kinon................................................................................................................................................6 Klorognsav ......................................................................................................................7,30,56,57 Knicin.............................................................................................................................................28 Kodein............................................................................................................................................44 Koffein ...........................................................................................................................................49 Kokain............................................................................................................................................41 Kolchicin........................................................................................................................................45 Koleszterol .....................................................................................................................................38 Kolin .........................................................................................................................................10,50 Kriptopin ........................................................................................................................................44 Kvercetin.................................................................................................................6,19,36,37,38,59 Kvercitrin .......................................................................................................................................55 Laburnin.........................................................................................................................................42 Laktucin .........................................................................................................................................30 Laktukopikrin.................................................................................................................................30 Lawson (2-hidroxi-naftokinon)......................................................................................................65 L-efedrin ........................................................................................................................................43 Leukocianidin ................................................................................................................................62 Likviritin ........................................................................................................................................32 Limonn ...........................................................................................................11,14,16,19,20,21,37 Linalilacett....................................................................................................................................11 Linalool ............................................................................................................11,12,20,26,55,62,64 Linamarin.........................................................................................................................................8 Lizergsav (D-lizergsav) .................................................................................................................47 Lizin ............................................................................................................................................4,51 Lobelin ...........................................................................................................................................42 Loganin ..........................................................................................................................................48 Lotausztralin ....................................................................................................................................8 L-szkopolamin ...............................................................................................................................41 Lupanin ..........................................................................................................................................43 Lupulon ..........................................................................................................................................53 Luteolin ..................................................................................................................................7,16,24 M(meta)-trigalluszsav ....................................................................................................................60 Marrubiin ..................................................................................................................................14,31 Matricin.....................................................................................................................................24,25

75

Melilotin.........................................................................................................................................63 Melilotozid.....................................................................................................................................63 Mentilacett....................................................................................................................................11 Mentol ............................................................................................................................................11 Menton ...........................................................................................................................................11 Metilbenzot ..................................................................................................................................66 Metilcinnamt ................................................................................................................................66 Metilkavikol...................................................................................................................................66 Metilszalicilt.................................................................................................................................62 Metionin......................................................................................................................................4,52 Mircn ............................................................................................................................................28 Miricetin.........................................................................................................................................59 Morfin ............................................................................................................................................44 Naftokinon .......................................................................................................................................6 Narcein...........................................................................................................................................44 Naringenin......................................................................................................................................20 Narkotin .........................................................................................................................................44 Neoheszperidin ..............................................................................................................................20 Nerol ..............................................................................................................................................17 Nikotin ...........................................................................................................................................41 Nornikotin ......................................................................................................................................41 Oleanolsav.......................................................................................................................15,36,37,57 Onocol (-onocerin).......................................................................................................................35 Ononin............................................................................................................................................35 Orientin ..........................................................................................................................................57 Ornitin ..............................................................................................................................................4 P(para)-cimol ........................................................................................................13,14,18,20,25,27 P(para)-kumrsav...........................................................................................................................55 Palusztrin........................................................................................................................................58 Papaverin........................................................................................................................................44 Para-hidroxi-benzoesav....................................................................................................................7 Petazol............................................................................................................................................26 Piperidin...........................................................................................................................................5 Piperiton.........................................................................................................................................11 Piretrin............................................................................................................................................29 Piridin....................................