Kinh_Phap_Cu_Song_Ngu .pdf

7/25/2019 Kinh_Phap_Cu_Song_Ngu .pdf

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Kinh Php C Song NgCh Gii 1

Kinh Php C

Song NgCh Gii

Li u sch

Kinh Php C l nhng cu ni ngn gn do c Phtni ra ty theo tng trng hp. Nhng li dy ny

nhm mc ch thc nhc ng clu tm p dngtu hnh cho c kt qu tt p. Nhng li dy ny vsau c chTkt tp li, thnh Kinh gi l KinhPhp C. Mi li dy u c ghi r l do xut x.

Ton Kinh gm c 26 phm v c tt c l 423 cu.Kinh ny nm trong Tiu b (Khuddaka- Nikaya) ca

tng Kinh Pali v c dch ra nhiu thting Chu v u M. i c Narada dch ra bn chAnh, xut bn ti Tch Lan. Mt bn chAnh khc cagio sC.R Lanman, do i hc ng Haward ti Mquc xut bn; bn ch Nht ca Phc o Trc tlang, xut bn ti Nht v cc bn Hn dch rt cvidanh l Php C Kinh, Php tp yu tng v..v

Kinh ny rt c ph cp ti cc nc Pht gioNguyn Thy nhTch Lan, Min in v.v C thni Kinh ny nhl mt quyn Kinh nht tng ca giiTng gi v cscc quc gia . Hcoi nhl mtquyn kinh gi u ging. i a s u nh nmlng. H thng xuyn em ra p dng vo i sng

thc thng ngy. Kt qu, rt c li ch.


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Kinh Php C Song NgCh Gii2

Ring nhng bn chVit, chng ti thy c mt vi

bn dch ra Vit vn nh sau:

1. Bn dch ca Ha Thng Thch Thin Siu do nhxut bn Ph Lu Na n bn ti Hoa KPht lch2546- 2002.

2. Kinh Li Vng Dhammapada do Ha Thng

Thch Minh Chu dch tnguyn bn Pali theo thvn k.

3. Bn dch ca cc Ni sinh thuc thin vin VinChiu dch theo bn ch Anh ca hc giEugneValson Buxlingame. Nh hc giny cn ctrnnguyn tc Php C Sgii bng ting Pali, do nh

xut bn Thnh Ph H Ch Minh n hnh nm1999. c bit bn dch ny, sau mi cu Kinh uc nu r im xut xPht dy v c km theo sau l mt mu chuyn, nu r l do chnh yu Phtni ra cu Kinh .

4. Bn dch ca lut sinh STrang dch l Li

Pht Dy n hnh ti c nm 1997. Ngoi ra, cnnhng quyn no khc na, th chng ti chac bit n.

Nay chng ti y c vo bn dch Vit ng ca HaThng Thch Thin Siu lm ti liu chnh ginggii cho Tng, Ni v chng ti cng c thm phn K

tng do Ha Thng Thch Minh Chu dch. ng


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thi, chng ti cng c thm phn i chiu Anh ngtrong quyn DHAMMAPADA ca dch gi charya

Buddharakkhita. Tc phm n hnh vo ngy 16thng 10 nm 1986. S d chng ti cho thm phnAnh ng ny, vi mc ch l mun gip cho quTng, Ni sinh ti Phc HuCng c Tng Lm tini chiu hc hi. ng thi sau mi cu Kinh chngti c thm phn ch thch tngv lc ging.

Ti liu bin son ny, nhm mc ch hng dn, gipthm ti liu cho qu tng ni sinh tu hc trong kha anc ti Phc Hu Cng c Tng Lm nm 2005.Vic bin son ny, d c cgng n u, chng ticng khng trnh khi nhng thiu st sai lm. Knhmong ch Tn c cng cc bc thc gi t bi chgio, chng ti xin chn thnh a t.

Phc HuCng c Tng Lm.Ngy u an c, 23 /5/ 2005Nhm ngy 16/ 4/ m lch nmt Du.

Thch Phc Thi


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I. Phm Song Yu1Yamakavaggo (The pairs).

1.Trong cc php2, tm3dn u, tm lm ch,tmto tc tt c. Nu em tm nhim to nghip4ni

1Song yu: (Yamaka Vagga The pairs) tng cp i nhau rt quantrng. Quan trng vhai mt: c php v thin php theo chiu hngnhn qu.2Php (Dhamm - Mental states): Ngha rt rng, chchung cho tt csvt c hnh tng hoc khng hnh tng. Nhng vt c hnh tnggi l Hu vi php; khng hnh tng gi l V vi php. Duy thc nhngha: nhm tr ttnh qusanh vt gii. Ngha l mi svt tn gign tnh cht v hnh thca n, ngi ta nhn vo bit r c tnh

ca n, gi chung l mt php. Dnhci tch, ci ly v.v3Tm(Mind): bit hay tri gic. Bit c hai phng din: Chn v vng.Vng tm l ci bit sai lm ni svt. Ngc li, chn tm l ci bitng vi chn l, tc bit ng nhtht ni cc php. Hng sng vici Bit ny l gii thot. Ngc li,vng tm hay vng thc, thuc hintng do duyn sanh, l nguyn nhn to nghip thin c, ri th

bo kh hoc vui i mi trong vng lun hi bt tn.4Nghip: ting Phn l Karma, ting Pali l Kamma, c ngha l mthnh ng hay mt vic lm lp i lp li thnh mt thi quen. Thi

quen y gi l nghip. Chnh thi quen c mt sc mnh thc y ngita to thnh nhng iu lnh hoc iu d, sc mnh thc y , gi l


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nng hoc hnh ng, s kh s theo nghip kon nhbnh xe ln theo chn con vt ko xe.

Mind precedes all mental states. Mind is their chief;they are all mind wrought. If with an impure mind a

person speaks or acts, suffering follows him like thewheel that follows the foot of the ox.

KTngTm dn u mi php

Tm ch, tm to tcNu ni hay hnh ng

Vi tm t nhimKhno stheo ta

Nhxe theo vt ko.

2. Trong cc php, tm dn u, tm lm ch, tm

to tc tt c. Nu em tm thanh tnh to nghipni nng hoc hnh ng, svui stheo nghip kon nhbng theo hnh.

Mind precedes all mental states. Mind is their chief;they are all mind wrought. If with a pure mind a personspeaks or acts, happiness follows him like his neverdeparting shadow.

KTngTm dn u mi phpTm ch, tm to tc

nghip lc, tc sc mnh ca nghip. Tc ng ca nghip c xydng theo chiu hng nhn qu. Nghip chnh l Nhn v c nhn

tt nhin phi c qu, nn cng gi l nghip quhoc nghip bo.


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Nu ni hay hnh ngVi tm tthanh tnh

Hnh phc stheo taNhbng khng ri hnh.

Lc gingSng trong thgii Tc , nghip lc ng mt vai trrt quan trng. N va l mt tc nhn m cng va lmt tc qu. Nhng ng lc chnh thc y to thnh

l do tm. Tm y, tc l tm vng. Tm c cngnng nh mt tng soi ch huy ton b. V vy,nhng hnh ng c xut pht to thnh nghip qu

phi qua 3 lnh vc kt hp cht chca: thn, khu, .Thn v khu chthi hnh theo mnh lnh ca thc. thc l mt trong tm mn tm vng. N c oaiquyn sc mnh rt ln. Mi sthnh bi, tt xu, nn

h, c tht trong cuc i, u do n chng tothnh. Nn ni: tm to tc tt c. Cng hay ti udo n to ra. Nu n suy ngh iu c tn mnh hingi, hi vt, th n sai khin thn v ming lmnhng iu xu c. Dnhin, kt qus l mt tai hikhc lit v cng to ln. Nhnhng trng hp khng

b xy ra nhan nhn hng ngy khp ni trn th

gii. V c bit bao nhiu chuyn thng tm khcm chnh do con ngi to ra, tht khng c bt mcno kcho ht c. Ngc li, nu n suy nghiulnh, th cng s thc y thn v ming gy nnnhng li ch cho mnh v ngi rt ln. Cho nn, cpsong yu php c trn, Pht cho chng ta mt hnhnh song hnh rt cthqua hai phng din thin v

c. Thin hay c, u do tm chng to nghip v


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ri a n mt kt qung theo lut nhn qu, nhbnh xe ln theo chn con vt ko xe. Qua , chng ta

phi cn trng gi gn tam nghip mt cch nghimkhc nhnhng qun lnh githnh. Nu kgithnhlnh khng cnh gic qun gic, th thnh tr sbmt vtay qun gic v hu qu rt tai hi. Cng th,ngi tu hnh, nu bung lung ni tm , th huqu rt tai hi cho mnh v ngi. Ngc li, nuchng ta kho gn gitam nghip, nht l nghip mt

cch nghim nht, th kt qurt l tt p. Qungvi cu : Tam nghip hng thanh tnh, ng Pht vngTy phng.

3.Ngi kia lng m5ti, nh p ti, ph hiti v cp ot6 ca ti. Ai cn m p tm nim7y, th son gin khng thno ht.

He abused me, he struck me, he overpowered me, herobbed me. Those who harbour such thoughts do notstill their hatred.

KTngN mng ti, nh tiN hi ti, cp ti

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Lng m: Chi mng hnhc mt cch thm t. Dng nhng ngntdao to ba ln mnhc i phng; ch p ln nhn cch phmgi ca ngi khc, khng mt cht nng tay. y thuc vnghip ckhu nng.6Cp ot:Mt hnh ng to bo trng trn chim ly ti sn cangi lm ca mnh. S cp ot ny, ty trng hp ln nhkhcnhau. Thng thng hnh ng ca kcp u c trang bvkh. ncp khc vi n trm v n cp.

7

Tm nim: Hng nhngh mt iu g trong tm.


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Ai m p nim yHn th khng thngui.

4.Ngi kia lng mti, nh p ti, ph hi tiv cp ot ca ti. Ai bc tm nim y, thson gin tnhin san bng.He abused me, he struck me, he overpowered me, he

robbed me. Those who do not harbour such thoughtsstill their hatred.

KTngN mng ti, nh tiN hi ti, cp tiKhng m p nim yHn th stngui.

Lc gingChp th tng l con ca bn ng. Th gian ilon cng bi do lng chp ng m ra. Tschp ng, mi th trn i u mun chim ot v mnh.Khi chim ot khng c, th lng sn hn ni ln.T , nhn loi gy ra lm cnh chin tranh tang

thng cho nhau. K chim c th vui ci cthng. K b tht bi mt mt, th m p s on ginau kh ngp trn. Cp Php c ny, Pht dy mingi nn bit yu thng ln nhau. C lng thngmi nhn ni trc mi nghch cnh xy n. Munc an vui, con ngi phi bit tu hnh hx. V mison gin, chgy thm cho s khau chng cht

m thi. Mun chm dt nhn khau, th Pht khuyn


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mi ngi khng nn m lng on gin. V cn c mp tm nim on gin l cn mun trth. Chnh tm

nim l mt tai hi cho mnh rt ln. V tm hnkhng lc no c an n. Sng m tm hn lc nocng au khbc rc khng an, th thhi cn g l ngha ca ssng? Thnn, lng ta mun c thanhthot nhnhng, th ta nn bung bmi sdnh mctrong lng, d l k gy ra cho ta au kh. Chclng khoan dung, rng lng tha th, con ngi mi c

c cuc sng vui ti thoi mi v an lc. Ngc lil mt gnh nng kh su trin min. Mi ngi nntp tu theo hnh hxca Btt Di Lc. c vy, thcuc i ny cn g l hnh phc cho bng!

5. th gian8 ny, chng phi hn th9 trchn th, chc tbi10mi trc hn th. l

nh lut ca ngn xa11.

8ThGian: ThTrung Hoa dch l thin lu, tc chcho thi gian. Cngian, Trung Hoa dch l gin cch, tc chcho khng gian. Nhvy, haich thgian c ngha l chcho thi gian v khng gian. Trong nhPht c nu ra hai loi thgian: hu tnh thgian v v tnh thgianhay cn gi l kh thgian. Hu tnh thgian l chchung cho cc loing vt. V tnh thgian l chchung cho cc loi thc vt. Kh th

gian chchung cho cc loi khong vt.9Hn th: l mt loi tm sphin no trong 20 mn ty phin no.

Ni hn th l mt tkp. Hn c ngha l hn. Cn th l p trli.Nhni th n l bo p li n su ng b Ttin v.v Tnh ca tmsny l m p on ght khng b. Nghip dng ca n l nng ny,

bun phin hay tm cch trth.

10Tbi:tl cho vui, bi l cu kh. Tbi l cu khcho vui. Tbi l

lng thng rng ln, khng phn bit thn s. Tbi khc hn i kin.i kin l tnh thng nhhp xut pht tlng chp ng m ra.


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Hatred is never appeased by hatred in this world. Bynon hatred alone is hatred appeased. This is Law

Eternal.KTng

Hn th dit hn thi ny khng thc

Tbi dit hn thL nh lut thin thu

6. Ngikia12v khng hiu rng: Chng ta sp bhy dit13 (nn mi ph sc tranh lun hn thua).Nu h hiu r iu , th chng cn tranh lunna.There are those who do not realize that one day we allmust die. But those who do realize this settle theirquarrels.

KTngNgi khc khng hiu bit

y ta bdit

11nh lut ca ngn xa: ngn xa, ting Phn l: Sanantano. Tng

ny, chcho tt cphp tc vnh cu bt dch m chPht v tqukh gn giv truyn dy.

12Ngi kia: Chngi tranh lun. Nhn khi Pht K lm, i vivTkheo a tranh lun tn Cu Sanh B (Kosambi) m ni Kinh ny,nn c sxng h .

13Hy dit:Nguyn vn ting Phn l: Mayam Ettha Yamamasa, ngha

l do stranh lun bthua m bc n con ng hhng.


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Nhng ai hiu iu nyTranh lun tnhin tiu.

Lc gingHn th l mt thtm sphin no rt nguy him. Nlun m p nhng g xy ra gy cho n khng va .T n cnui mi v theo thi gian cng ngy hnth cng tng trng, n mt lc no , thi cchn

mi, th n shin hnh ngay. Hn th cng nui ln,th hu qucng nto. in hnh nhgia Mv Iraqcng nhmt vi quc gia Trung ng khc. Hn thnui ln gia c nhn v ln hn n tp th, ln hnna l cmt quc gia. Mt ht nhn lc u tuy nh,nhng n c mt sc tn ph rt mnh. Thgii ngynay lun xy ra nhng tnh trng n ming trming,

c tr a cho nhau, th bit bao gi nhn loi mic sng chung ha bnh. Mun yn n, chc cch,theo li c Pht dy ta phi chuyn i hn th thnhtbi. Chc nc cam ltbi mi ri ln dp tt hnth. Tht vy, con ngi c tht shiu thng nhau,th mi tha thli lm cho nhau. Mt khi ci lng rngm, th hn th stan bin mt. Hn th khng cn, th

hnh phc yu thng sn vi con ngi ngay tckhc. Cu ni, mi nm trth cha mun, chng tlng ngi cn qu him c, su nng lng chptrc. Hcoi trng bn ng ln hn ni Tu di. nhth, th lng htht l au kh. Chc chn, ci lng hrt en ti m m hn m my m che ph. Nhth,th cn u l hnh phc vui hng vi cuc i.

Ngm li, kip sng ca con ngi c bao nm? Qu


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v thng s ct t mng sng bt c lc no. Cngi ni, i ny, hkhng trth c, th tip tc

i sau s tr. Hoc hin i h cha tr c mithm th, th n i con, i chu ca h tip ni

phi tr. Tht l gh gm khng khip thay! Nu cth, th hn th mi chng cht cao ln hn ni. Nhvy, th bit n bao gimi chm dt trxong! Xanay, c bit bao chuyn tr vay, vay tr ca mi hnth truyn kip ny. Cp Php c trn, Pht cho chng

ta thy r iu . Mun ha gii hn th, th khng cg khc hn l t bi. Vng! Ch c t bi mi tht stho g. Nu khng, th khng c mt php lhay licu nguyn van xin no gii ta c. Mi ngi, nukhng t lc tm phng tho g, ha gii hn thchnh mnh, th khng c mt bn tay thn thnh nokhc c thcu ri, xoay chuyn c. Ci g do con

ngi to ra, th cng chnh do con ngi chu ly. Vcng chnh do con ngi chuyn ha ci hi. Tt hayxu, vui hay kh, tt cu do con ngi nh ot. Tann thc theo lut nhn qum sng. Khng mt vtg thot ngoi lut nhn qu. Xin mi ngi hy bnhtm chim nghim li nhn qu ni chnh bn thnmnh!

7. Nhng ngi ch mun sng trong khoi lc,khng chu nhip hcc cn, ung n v 14bingnhc chng tinh cn, h tht l ngi d b manhip phc nhcnh mm trc cn gi lc.

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V : V l khng, l chng mc. n ung hoc ngngh haylm vic qu khng c chng mc, th gi l v .


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Just as a storm throws down a weak tree, so doesMra overpower the man who lives for the pursuit of

pleasures, who is uncontrolled in his senses,immoderate in eating, indolent and dissipated.

KTngAi sng theo dc lc

Khng nhip hcc cnn ung thiu tit

Bing nhc, chng tinh cnDbma nhip phcNhgi lay cy yu.

8. Nhng ngi nguyn trong cnh chng khoilc15, khn kho nhip hcc cn16, ung n tit ,vng tn v sing nng, ma17khng dg thng h

nhgi thi ni .Just as a storm cannot prevail against a rockymountain, so Mra can never overpower the man who

15Khoi lc:Trng thi tm l hng thvt cht, mt cm gic sungsng vthn th.

16Cc Cn: Chcho su cn, tc 6 cquan: mt, tai, mi, li, thn, .Nhng cquan ny, c cng nng tip xc vi 6 trn: sc, thinh, hng,v, xc, php ri khi ra 6 thnhn thc, gi l Lc thc: nhn, nh, t,thit, thn, thc.

17Ma:Trong nh Pht c nu ra nhiu loi ma: ni ma v ngoi ma.Chma c ngha l lm chng ngi, hay ph hoi thin cn ca ngitu hnh, gi chung l ma. Nhni Ngm ma, Thin ma, Phin noma, Tma.


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lives meditating on the impurities, who is controlled inhis senses, moderate in eating, and filled with faith and

earnest effort.KTng

Ai sng qun bt tnhKh nhip hcc cnn ung c tit

Tn tm hng nhit thnhT ma kh nhip phc

Nhgi thi thch sn.

Lc gingMt cuc sng bung th theo ng dc lc th gian,khng tchphc, l cuc sng sa a. Sng nhth, khc no nh mt khc g tri theo dng nc,khng nh hng. Hu qu ca mt i sng b tha,

thc lon s gy ra nhiu tai hi cho chnh bn thnmnh v x hi. Con ngi sng thch hng thkhoilc. Hin trng bc tranh x hi ngy nay vln bit

bao nhiu cnh thng tm ca thanh thiu nin namn v ang nng mnh trong nhng khoi lcnghin ngp ht sch x ke ma ty, cui cng lnhly hu quth thm thn tn ma di. Cm thhay xc

thc l mt thtai hi khau rt ln, nu con ngikhng bit hn ch nhip h 6 cn. Trong Kinh Lng

Nghim c Pht c ni r: chng sanh blun hi khau hay c gii thot, cng u do ni 6 cn. Nu6 cn khi tip xc vi 6 trn cnh, m chng ta bit lmch, khng cho 6 trn li cun, th l gii thot.

Ngc li, th au khdi di. V vy,vn nhip h

6 cn l mt vn ti h trng i vi ngi tu.


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Khng nhip h 6 cn, khc no nh con kh bdnhnha v lm mi cho anh chng thsn ngon ba.

i sng hin thc, chng ta rt cn nhng nhu cucho s sng. Nhu cu h trng trc tin l n ung.Mi nhu cu khc u l trduyn. Nhng, nu chngta khng kho bit tit chsn ung cho c iu chng mc, chn la thc n thch hp, th cng lmt tai hi cho sc khe. Thc phm ngy nay c cha

qu nhiu c t. Cc nh kinh doanh chuyn sn xutthc phm, v mun cnh tranh trn thng trng kim c nhiu tin, lm giu, nn h bt chp thon trong khi ch to. D chnh ph c theo di,c trch chuyn ngnh kim thc, nhng cng khngthno kim ht c. Do , ta thy thnh thong hayxy ra tnh trng bnhim c thc n. l hu qu

tai hi m hu ht cc quc gia khp ni trn thgii,ni no cng c. V vy, ngi tiu ththc phm, thtkh trnh khi tai hi bnh hon, t vong. D vy,nhng nu chng ta chu kh nghin cu tm hiu vnn ung, theo schdn ca ngnh y hc, th cngrt c li cho sc khe. Hin nay, c rt nhiu sch nivthut dng sinh. Ta nn tm kim c, rt c li

ch. Ta nn nh, bao ginga bnh cng hn l chabnh. Ngi ta thng ni tham thc cc thn. Chngnhng cc thn thi, m i khi cn phi bmt mngna.

Li bing cng l mt trng thi sa a. D sng btc lnh vc no, ngoi i hay trong o, nht l i

vi ngi xut gia, nu li bing th snghip tr hu


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gii thot kh thnh. Ngoi i, ngi no mang chngbnh li bing, th s nghip khng mong g thnh

cng c. y, Pht mun nhm khuyn bo ngixut gia phi lun sing nng chuyn cn tu nim. Vi ngi qu ngn ngi, v thng n khng hntrc c. Nn ngi xut gia mun c gic nggii thot th khng th no gii i, xao lng th trong vic tu hc. Php C ny, Pht cho chng ta thyr kno vng phi nhng thi ni trn, th sbma

lc nhip phc mt cch ddng. Ni cch khc, ks l quyn thuc ca ma vng. Mt khi lm quynthuc ca ma vng ri, th ma vng mun sai s tathno cng c, c khc no nh cnh mm trccn gi lc. Php c th8, Pht cho chng ta thy hnhnh ngc li ca ngi kho bit tu. Nu ngi tu cc mt o lc kh cao, th bn ma vng khng d

g thng h c, khc no nh gi thi ni , thtchng hhn g.

9. Mc o ca sa18m khng ri b nhng iu utrc, khng thnh tht khc k19, th chng mccn hn.

18

Ca Sa(C Sa kasaya Y phc): Tn gi y l Ca sa du, dchl bt chnh, hnt, bn, nhim bn ging vi tGi sa d. Dch lxch sc (mu ) Php y ca thy Tkheo mc, gm c 3 loi: i y,Trung y v Tiu y. Gi Ca sa l v pha trn mu hoi sc, tc pha trncc mu: xanh, vng, , trng, en li m thnh. Y ny cn c nhiutn khc nh Gii thot y, Phc in y v.v

19Khc k: Khc phc chngnhng tnh xu ni chnh bn thnmnh. Ngha l i vi ngi, th khoan dung tha th, nhng i vi bn

thn mnh th phi kim sot, klut nghim khc.


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Whoever being depraved, devoid of self-control andtruthfulness, should don the monks yellow robe, he

surely is not worthy of the robe.KTng

Ai mc o c saTm cha ri utrc

Cha tch, cha chnKhng xng mc c sa.

10. Ri b nhng iu u trc, gi gn gii luttinh nghim, khc kv chn thnh, ngi nhthng mc o ca sa.

But whoever is purged of depravity, well-established invirtues and filled with self-control and truthfulness, heindeed is worthy of the yellow robe.

KTngAi ri butrc

Gii lut gitinh nghimTch, thng chn thc

Tht xng mc c sa.

Lc ging

Hai php c ny, c Pht chdy ring cho ngi xutgia. Ngi xut gia, sau khi thi gii, th c phpmc 3 y: Ngiu y, Tht iu y v Cu iu y. Y hayca sa l nhng chic o gii thot, hay cn gi l phcin y. Ngi xut gia l ngi on dc khi. Ngyxa c Pht v hng Thnh chng, nui thn bngmt bnh bt v 3 chic y.


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Nht bt thin gia phn,C thn vn l du

Vin ly sanh ts,Gio ha xun thu.

Tm dch:Mt bnh bt xin n ngn nh,

Mt mnh i mun dm,V mun thot ly sanh tkhau,

Gio ha mun loi.

Gt Tng sbn phng tri ro bcCi Ta b u chng phi nh ta

Mt chic y mt bnh bt ca saThot sanh tchan ha nguyn khp.

Hnh nh tht l gii thot. Nhth, th i vi ngdclc thgian, i vi cc ngi tht v ngha. Cc ngikhng bao gim nhim. Cho nn y ni, ngixut gia khi mc vo mnh chic o Ca sa, th phi ri

b nhng iu u trc. U trc l nhng th dcvng phin no m ngi xut gia cn phi n lcon tr. Phm hnh ca ngi xut gia tht cao qu.

Cao qu ch, cc ngi dm tbtt cnhng g mngi thgian ham mun. ng thi cc ngi gigngii lut rt tinh nghim. Nu nh xut gia ri mcn khi tm tham m danh li, cn m nhim theoths, lc trn, th qu tht khng xng ng mc oCa sa cht no!


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Kinh TThp NhChng Pht dy rt r vphphnh ca ngi xut gia. Pht dy: Nhng bc xut

gia lm Sa mn, dt bi dc, nhn bit ngun tm camnh, hiu r l mu ca Pht, ngphp V vi, trongkhng s c, ngoi khng s cu; tm khng rng

buc ni o, cng chng cn kit nghip, dt ssuyngh, dt sto tc, chng phi do tu, cng chng phichng c; chng cn tri qua cc vm tn cao tt,gi l o. Pht li dy tip: Co bru tc lm

bc Sa mn, l ngi thlnh o php, phi xa bcaci i, mong cu va , gia ngy n mt ba,di gc cy ngmt m, cn thn khng trli. Phi

bit rng: Nhng iu khin cho ngi ta ngu t l iv dc. (bn Vit dch ca gio sThch Hon Quando Hoa o xut bn nm 1999 ). Tht vy, i v dcl gc rv minh, l ci ngun ca sanh t khau.

Bao lu con ngi cn lm n l cho hai th ci gcphin no ny sai sto nghip, th by lu con ngivn cn phi i mi trong vng sanh tlun hi. Thnn, i vi ngi xut gia, mi ngi cn phi tduy,chim nghim tht kqua nhng li Pht dy trn, mi ngi t cnh tnh, thc lim tu hnh mong cugii thot. C th, th mi xng ng l trng tca

c Nh Lai. V mi tht s l ngi khc k chnthnh, xng ng mc o Ca sa m khng cht hthn.Bng ngc li, th tht l xu h!


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11. Phi chn20tng l chn tht, chn tht li thyl phi chn, c t duy21 mt cch t vy22, ngi

nhthkhng thno t n chn tht.Those who mistake the unessential to be essential andthe essential to be unessential, dwelling in wrongthoughts, never arrive at the essential.

KTngPhi chn, tng chn tht

Chn tht, tng phi chnDo tduy t vy

Chn tht khng ththnh.

12. Chn tht nghl chn tht, phi chn bit l phichn, ctduy mt cch ng n, ngi nhthmau t n chn tht.

Those who know the essential to be essential and theunessential to be unessential, dwelling in rightthoughts, do arrive at the essential.

KTngChn tht bit chn tht

20Phi chn: Phi l chng phi, chn l chn tht. Vn vt trn i ny,khng c mt vt no chn tht. V tt cu do duyn hp. c hp,tt c tan, ngay cnhng ttng trong tm cng l khng chn tht,nn ni l phi chn.

21Tduy:Tl suy ngh; duy l ch. Do suy nghchkhng phi dotri gic, cm xc m bit c. ( Hn Vit TNguyn ca Bu K)

22

T vy: T l cong quo, lch lc, nghing mt bn.


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Phi chn bit phi chnDo tduy chn chnh

Chn tht tnhin thnh.

Lc GingSng trong vng vng tng nghip thc, con ngilun nhn svt theo lng knh chquan ca mnh. Donhn nhth, nn svt cng ln cun theo nhn quanca h. Ngc li, nhng ngi t o c ci nhn

khc hn. Ci nhn ca cc ngi l ci nhn khch quan.Ci nhn khng bp mo vo trn s vt. Bi v: Th

php tr php v, th gian tng thng tr (KinhPhp Hoa). Mi vt, vt no theo v tr ca vt .Tng ca n l thng c mt th gian nh th.Trong Phm Phng Tin ca Kinh Php Hoa chochng ta thy r hn vsc mt ca cc php bng

ci nhn ca Thp NhTh: Nhthtng, nhthtnh, nhthth, nhthlc, nhthtc, nhthnhn,nh th duyn, nh th qu, nh th bo, nh th bnmt cu cnh. Ngha l cc php hin i ny, Tngca n nhvy, Tnh ca n nhvy, Thca n nhvy, Lc ca n nh vy, Tc dng ca n nh vy,

Nhn ca n nhvy, Duyn ca n nhvy, Quca

n nhvy, Bo ca n nhvy, v rt ro gc ngntrc sau ca n l nh vy. l ci nhn Hinlng hay Trc gic ni cc php. S vt phichn m tng l chn, ngc li, chn th cho l phichn, l ci nhn in o. Ci nhn ca k chydi nh trng, thy trng chy theo mnh. Nhng thtra trng no c chy. Vng kin, gc bi v minh in

o m ra. Bi do phng ci nhn vng ng in o


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nhth, nn nhn loi mi c chin tranh thc h.Rt li cng ch lm ci vic ca nm anh m svoi

m thi. Ngi no hng sng trong chnh nim, thinqun su sc, mi c ci nhn s vt mt cch ngn. Php c th12, Pht dy chng ta phi c ci nhnng nh tht ca cc php. Chn tht ngh l chntht, phi chn bit l phi chn, nhn bng con mt trtu nh th, th th hi trn i ny, cn c ci glng gt, la bp chng ta c na ch! V nhth,

th chng ta cn i tm chn hnh phc u? Cuicng hnh phc ch trong tm tay ca chng ta mthi. Chcn chng ta mnh dn, kho bit thay i linhn ng nh tht ca cc php, th chng ta s cngun hnh phc yu thng trn tr. Cn nim vuino hn! Ti sao chng ta khng chu thay i linhn? Xin ng vin l do ti bg c. Chng ta

c qu nhiu L Do Ti Bla o chng ta. Xin mingi hy thp sng ngn uc chnh nim ln nhnvo svt. Chnh nim ng ngha vi hnh phc. Nino c hnh phc, th chc chn ni khng ththiuvng chnh nim c vy.

13. Nh lp khng kn t bma dt thno, ktm

khng tu23tt btham dc24lt vo cng th.

23Tu: Sa i. Tu c 3 phng din: tu thn, tu tm v tu b. Tu thn lsa thn hnh cho c oan chnh ng hong. Tu tm l sa inhng tm xu c, thnh tm trong sch v lng thin. Tu bl sa linhng g hnt.

24

Tham dc: Lng ham mun vt cht khng cng. Tham dc c haiphng din: Tham dc thin v tham dc c. Tham dc thin l ham


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Just as rain breaks through an ill-thatched house, sopassion penetrates an undeveloped mind.

KTngNhmi nh vng lpMa thm dt ddngCng vy tm vng tu

Tham dc dthm nhp.

14. Nh kho lp kn t khng bma dt, k tmkho tu tt khng btham dc lt vo.

Just as rain does not break through a well-thatchedhouse, so passion never penetrates a well-developedmind.

KTngNhmi nh kho lp

Ma kh thm dt voCng vy tm kho tu

Tham dc khng xm nhp

Lc gingPhp c song hnh ny, c Pht nu ra mt hnh nhso snh rt c th d hiu. Nh lp khng kn, t b

ma dt. y l l ng nhin. Mun nh khng dt,th phi lp kn o. Khi lp kn o, th ta trnh khici cnh bma t. Hnh nh ny,Pht mun din tcho chng ta thy r stai hi, hu quca klp nhcu th, thiu s cn trng. Cng th, ngi tu hnh,

mun lm nhng iu lnh. Tham dc c l ham mun lm nhng iu

xu c. y l lng tham nghch chiu: hng thng v hng h.


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nu khng kho gign ni nghip, cho tm bung lung to nghip bt thin, th hu qurt l tai

hi. Ging nh mi nh lp khng kn vy. Ngc li,nu ngi no, khi lp nh nn cn trng v quytlng lp cho kn o, th lm g c cnh nh dt? Cngvy, trong khi tu hnh, nu chng ta kho bit cntrng canh phng gign con vn tm v con nga, th lm g chng dm p ph phch c. Hai cu

php c ny, tuy ht sc ngn gn, nhng Pht ch

cho chng ta bit cch tu hnh, iu phc tm . Ngitu, mun c c i sng tdo, khng b rng buc

bi ngoi cnh, th chng ta kho p dng cu php cth14 ny. Tham dc pht sanh ttm. Nu tm nhch, khng dy khi suy nghiu c, th lm g nthc y thn v ming ca ta to iu c. Mun gitm cho c thanh tnh, th ngi tu cn phi gi

gn gii lut nghim mt. Phi gi gii lut nh lpnh, khng cho c k h. C gi gii nh th, th tami c c i sng thoi mi tdo. Ti sao vy? Biv khi gigii, th tm ca ta khng bung lung. Tm khng bung lung, th khng to nghip c. Dnhngi khng trm cp, th lm g sphp lut, cnh st

bt bgiam cm. Ta mun i u ty , khng sai c.

Nhvy, khng tdo l g? Nu ngi Pht tti giagi gn ng 5 gii lut Pht cm, th bo m isng tht stdo v hnh phc . Chng nhng an vuihnh phc trong hin i, m i sau cng c an vuitt p na.


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15. chny n nn, tip chkhc cng n nn,k lm iu c nghip25, c hai ni u n nn; v

thy c nghip mnh gy ra, kkia sinh ra n nnv cht mn.The evil-doer grieves here and here-after; he grieves inboth the worlds. He laments and is afficted,recollecting his own impure deeds.

KTng

Nay bun, i sau bunKc hai i bun

Bun nn, thy ditThy vic c mnh lm.

16. chny vui, tip chkhc cng vui, klmiu thin nghip26, c hai ni u an vui; v thy

thin nghip mnh gay ra, ngi kia sinh ra an lcv cc lc.The doer of good rejoices here and hereafter; herejoices in both the worlds. He rejoices and exults,recollecting his own pure deeds.

KTng

25 c Nghip: nhng iu c hay d do ba nghip to tc, nn ninghip c. Ba nghip l thn ming . Trong nh Pht nh ngha iuc l nhng hnh ng no lm hi mnh, hi ngi i ny v i sau,th gi l c.

26Thin nghip: nhng iu lnh do ba nghip thn ming to tc.Trong nh Pht nh ngha iu lnh l nhng hnh ng, vic lm no

li mnh, li ngi i ny v i sau, gi l lnh.


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Nay vui, i sau vuiKthin, hai i vui

An vui, qu an vuiThy vic thin mnh lm.

Lc gingn nn l mt trong 4 mn Bt nh tm s ca DuyThc Hc. n nn ci hi c hai phng din: thin vc. Thno l n nn c? Th d: mnh thy mt mn

chng by qu gi tht p, nh ln ly, nhng vlu bu cng vic g , mnh li qun khng ly, sau ,nh li, t n nn hi tic, ri t trch ti sao mnhqun ly. Cmi hi tic vt y, gi l n nn c.Hn th na, khi mnh v mt cn nng gin ni lnkhng km ch c, ra tay git cht ngi, sau ,cm thy rt hi hn n nn vic mnh gy. Sn

nn , tuy cng cn c cht lng tm bit ci hi,nhng c gy nhn, tt nhin s c qu bo. Sthng trch hi tic n nn l chuyn ri. D lchuyn qua, nhng khng thqua c lng tmcn rt vy v ni chnh mnh. Ta n lng tm camnh n khng mnh yn. Mt strng pht, xt xdai dng rt thch ng. Chnh v sthng hi n nn

ny, n lm chng ngi rt ln trn bc ng tu cachng ta. Cho nn, cu php c 15 trn, c Phtkhuyn chng ta khng nn gy to nghip c. Mt khi gy to nghip c, th hin i, d bt cni u,chng ta cng khng thno trnh khi qubo v do, nn tm hn ca chng ta lc no cng bn lon btan. Mun c tm an lc, tt hn ht l chng ta ng

gy to nhn c. C ngi sut ci, sng trong s


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hi hp lo u khng bao gian n, v lm mt vicc c bt nhn. Vic lm c , tuy v hnh, nhng n

cbm theo m nh cho n ngy chng ta nhm mt.Mun trnh hu qutai hi ny, chng ta phi lun tnhthc trong mi hnh ng. Phm lm vic g, trcphi nghn ci hu quca n. Ngi no c tm cn trng nh th, th i sng ca hsc li lcan vui trong tng giy pht.

Cu php c th16, Pht cho chng ta thy rt r hnhnh an vui . Trong mt ngy, hay bt c thi gianno, nu chng ta lun lun to nghip lnh nh cuvt, gip ngi v.v th ngy y, hay bt c u,chng ta cng cm thy rt an vui hnh phc. Trckhi ng, chng ta mm ci nhtrn mi. V trong gicngsem li nhiu mng p. l mt tm hn rt

th thi, thanh thot nh nhng. Hin i c anvui nhth, lo g i sau khng c an vui. Chng tacthc nghim qua li Pht dy ny, th chng ta mithy c cuc sng rt c hnh phc. Mt th hnh

phc qu gi, chnh do chng ta to ly. Mt thhnhphc khng thmua c bng tin. Xin mi cc bnhy th thc nghim qua, s thy c hiu qu tt

p, th vca i sng.

17. chny than bun, tip chkhc cng thanbun, k gy iu c nghip, c hai ni u thanbun: nghrng ti to c v vy nn n than


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bun. Hn na cn than bun v phi a27vo ci kh28.

The evil-doer suffers here and here-after; he suffers inboth the worlds. The thought, Evil have I done,torments him, and he suffers even more when gone torealms of woe.

KTng

Nay than, i sau thanKc, hai i than

Than van: Mnh lm ca c th, than hn.

18. chny hoan h, tip chkhc cng hoanh, ktu hnh phc29nghip, chai ni u hoan

h30: ngh rng ti to phc v vy nn nhoan h. Hn na cn hoan hv c sanh vo cilnh31.

27a: Ri rt xung. Hm ni, ci g ttrn chcao ro m rtxung, u gi l a. Nhni: kst nhn ba a ngc.28

Ci kh:Chci dch tchHn l chgii. Nhni Tam gii, tcba ci: dc gii, sc gii v v sc gii. Chng sanh v to c nghip,nn ba vo ci kh.

29Phc:Hng nhng iu vui. Phc c ra l do to nghip lnh.Phc gm c phc hu lu v phc v lu. Phc hu lu hng

phc c gii hn. Phc v lu hng khng c gii hn.

30Hoan h: Hoan l vui v, hl vui mng. Nim vui mng ny c

khi pht ttrong tm v biu lra ngoi


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The doer of good delights here and here-after; hedelights in both the worlds. The thought, Good have I

done, delights him, and he delights even more whengone to realms of bliss.

KTngNay sng, i sau sngKthin, hai ng sng

Sung sng: Mnh lm thin

Sng hn, sanh thin th.

Lc gingBun l mt trng thi tm l, khng mt ai thot khi,ngoi trcc bc Thnh nhn. Bun c nhiu nguynnhn. C i lc ta bun mt cch ngngn. Ti bunkhng hiu v sao ti bun. Bun than l chuyn

thng tnh thgian. V n l mt trong nhiu thchimt phin no. C ngi bun, do ngoi cnh gy nn,v ai lm cho h tri nghch lng. Ngi tathng ni: Tm su bch pht. Nh trng hpVng Ha bun nhTiu Long N, chc mt mthi, m trn u bc trng. Tht l ti nghip!

Bun l mt c t nguy him m thm git cht tatng giy pht. C ngi v qu bun ru nn sanh

bnh hon khng thuc no cha ht. Ngi no mangtm trng bun nhiu th cuc i ca hkhc no nh

bi tha ma! Trong cuc sng, nu chng ta bit qung

31Ci lnh: Ni khng c thnhng iu kh lm bc xc thn tm.

An hng nhng nim vui . Nhni: Cc lc l ci vui an lnh nht.


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i nhng gnh nng lo u, th cuc i s vui sngp bit bao! CNguyn Hin L c vit mt tc

phm (hay dch phm, xin li khng nhr) vi nhanl: Qung gnh lo i v vui sng. Chng ta nn cgng bt chc hc hi cu ni ny. c th, th chcchn hoa v tri s n r trn cy H X. S d ta

bun nhiu, v ta qu coi trng bn ng. Cng coi trngbn ng chng no, th lng ti ca ta cng cao chngny. Ngi m m p qu nhiu ti, th thhi lm

sao c c i sng vui ti cho c? C ngi cnh ny than bun khng va , i tm ti cnh khcc lvui hn. Nhng than i! Khi n cnh khc, thhcng khng hi lng va .

Chai ni v thm ch n nhiu ni, cng khng nino va h. Lc no hcng than bun. Qutht h

l hng ngi ng ni ny trng ni n. Ta thhi: tisao h li c tm trng bin thi nhth? Cu tr litht n gin l v tm hcht cha nng tru u bun.Ci lng ca hang cha y ni kt. Mt thnikt ung nht c cn hn thni kt ca nng Kiu.Do , h sng khng mt cht ci m. H l mungi qu rc ri chp nht. Hkhng hi lng vi bt

cai trong khi giao tip. Ngi ta ni: hl ngi qukh tnh. Tht ra, tnh l thg m kh hay d. N chl th h vng khng tht. Chng qua l do hun tpngoi cnh thi quen to thnh. Cho nn bun vui chl mt thtm l gito. C ri khng, chng pi xoay vn nhau sut c cuc i. Song c iu, vchng khng tht, nn chng ta c quyn chuyn i

chng ttrng thi ny qua trng thi khc. V chng


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ta c quyn nh ch chng khng cho chng hotng. Nhng mun nh chchng cho c hiu qu, tt

nhin ta phi dng n tr hu. Phi thp sng ngnuc chnh nim ln, ri thng vo mt chng, th bnchng s tan bin ngay. l quyn ca chng ta.

Nhng khni khng c my ai bit ly li chquynny. Nhvy, bun hay vui li khng phi ni ngoicnh. M li chnh do ni tm trng ca mingi. V qu hiu tm l ny, nn C Tin in

Nguyn Du ni hai cu th bt h trong TruynKiu:

Cnh no cnh chng eo su,Ngi bun cnh c vui u bao gi.

Tht vy, mt khi ta mang tm trng u bun ri, th d

gia chn phn hoa hi, hay nhng ni dhiyn tic linh nh, th ta cng chthy vui g!

Cu Php c 17, Pht cho chng ta thy r tm trngca k gy to nghip c. gy to nghip c, thd u, cng khng thno vui c. Th dnhkgit ngi, d lut php cha tm ra h, nhng trong

thi gian ln trn, thhi hc c an vui nhtrckhi cha gy ra n mng hay khng? D hc ln trnni u, gischy ln trn thin ng, cng khngthno vui c. Nhvy, mun c nim vui, chcnta khng gy to iu c l ta c nim vui ri, khngcn phi tm kim u xa. Cu Php c th18, Phtnu r cho chng ta thy mt hnh nh tri ngc li.

Ngi no to nhiu phc lnh, th bo m ngi


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c mt i sng hoan h. Hoan hvi chnh mnh vhoan hvi tha nhn. Nim hoan htrn ngp ci lng,

d ngi bt cni u. Trong bt chon cnhthun nghch no, nu nh ta c gng gy to nhngiu lnh, th tm thc ta khng c g phi lo u bun

b. Scm thnim an lc , chc ngi lm lnhmi tht s cm nhn mt cch su sc m thi. Nhvy, cnh vui bun khng u khc, chtrong tmca chng ta. Tt cu do tm ta to ly. Cuc sng

an vui l mt cuc sng thnh thin ca i ngi.Ngc li, sng trong cnh bun thm, ti ngy cmt, my , th th cht cho ri sng hn! Nhng dgcht c u. Bi l, nghip qu gy ra, h chatrxong. C ngi ni: kgy ti c ty tri, th i hkh c ngy c an n. D h sng gia trn i,nhng khng khc g sng trong cnh a ngc. Li

ni ny tht khng sai ngoa cht no. Hn ai ht, ngiPht tmi ngi hy tto cho mnh mt np sngan vui v hi ha, bng cch lun to nghip lnh, thchng nhng an vui trong hin i m cn mi mivsau na.

19. D tng nhiu Kinh m bung lung khng tht

hnh theo, th chng hng c phn ch li caSa mn32, khc no k chn b, ch lo m b cho

32Sa mn: Cn gi Ta mn, Tang mn, Sa mn na, dch l: Tc, tctm (ngi dt b nghip c) Tnh ch, Tnh ch, Php o, Bn ov.v Cch dch mi l: Tht ma na noa, X la ma noa, dch l cnglao, cn tc (sing nng lm vic thin, dt bnghip c), ngi cn ctu hnh o Pht, ngi sing nng tu hnh dt b phin no v.v

Nguyn ngha khng phn bit mn o Pht hay ngoi o, mdng chung chxut gia (Tin Pht Hc Hn Vit trang1056 )


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ngi khc ( ly cng, ch sa tht ca b thkhng hng c ).

Much though he recites the sacred texts, but acts notaccordingly, that heedless man is like a cowherd whoonly counts the cows of others- he does not partake ofthe blessings of a holy life.

KTngDu tng nhiu kinh in

Khng hnh tr, phng dtChng khc m b ngi

Khng hng sa mn hnh.

20.Tuy tng t Kinh m thng y gio33hnh tr34,hiu bit chn chnh, tr dit tham, sn, si, tmhin lnh thanh tnh, gii thot, xa bthtc, th d

ci ny hay ci khc, ngi kia vn hng phnch li ca Sa mn.

Little though he recites the sacred texts, but puts theTeaching into practice, forsaking lust, hatred anddelusion, with true wisdom and emancipated mind,

33Y gio: Ni l Y gio phng hnh. Ngha l: y ctheo li dy caPht Thoc ca nhng bc tu hnh chn chnh c y c hnh mvng theo tht hnh ng vi nhng li chdy , gi l y gio phnghnh.

34Hnh tr:Hnh l lm; tr l gn gi. Hnh l lm ng theo nhng g hc hi c v vic lm ng n lun c duy tr mi mi, gil hnh tr.


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clinging to nothing of this or any other world- heindeed partakes of the blessings of a holy life.

KTngDu tng t kinh in

Nhng y gio phng hnhTbtham, sn, si

Gic tnh tm gii thotKhng chp trc, hai i

Tt hng sa mn hnh.

Lc gingTng c Kinh in ca li Pht dy, mc ch l tm hiu ngha l trong Kinh, ri em ra p dng hnhtr, nh th mi c li ch. Nu tng c Kinh chonhiu, vi tm bung lung hay lm cho c l, th kt

qu chng c li lc g. Chng nhng khng cli lc m i khi cn c tc dng ngc li. a sngi tu, ch bit tng c Kinh in cho nhiu c c phc. Bi vy, c lm ngi tng Kinh tnh

b. Cng tng c c nhiu b, th cm thy mnh tunhiu hn ngi khc. T sanh tm cng cao ngmn. Nh trng hp ngi Php t trong Kinh Php

Bo n. Mt hm, ng n tham vn c Lc T, khily T m u ng khng st t, b T qu. T hinguyn do v sao ng ly nh th? C phi ng angcht cha mt s nghip g khng? T gi trng timen ca ng, ng lin tha: Vng! Con tng bangn bKinh Php Hoa. ng cho l mt snghipvi kh c ai snh bng, kcTcng th. Nhn ,

Tlin dy cho ng mt bi hc, chc cy mnh tng


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kinh nhiu m khinh khi ngi khc. Tdy: Nu ngtng n mun b, c ci Kinh m chng cho l

hn, t cng ta snh vai. T li hi tip: ng tn lg? Ngi Php t tha: con tn Php t. T bo:ng tn Php t m cha tng thu t c php.Tdy cho ng mt bi k:

Nhkim danh PhptCn tng vhu ytKhng tng n tun thanh

Minh Tm hiu BTtNhkim hu duyn cNg kim vnhthuytn tn Pht v ngnLin hoa tng khu pht.

Dch:

Nay ng tn Phpt,Chuyn tng cha tng thi.Tng rng chtheo tingSng tm gi BTt

Nay ng v c duynNay ti v ng niChtin Pht khng li

Hoa sen tming pht.(Ha Thng Thch Thanh T)

Sau khi nghe Tdy, ng lin sm hi v c tng.Khi tngc o l, ng c lm mt bi tng:

Kinh tng tam thin bTo Kh nht c vong

Vminh xut thch


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Ninh yt ly sinh cung.Dng lc ngu quyn thuyt

Strung hu thin dngThy tri ha trch ni

Nguyn thphp trung vng.

Tm dch:Tng Kinh ba ngn bTo Kh mt cu vong

Cha r (yu) chxut thSao trnh khi sinh cung

D, nai, tru quyn lpu, gia, sau kho byAi bit trong nh laC mt ng Php Vng.

Strnh kca ng, chng tng lnh hi c yuch. Nu tng Kinh ch bit ming tng c khngthi, m khng thit thit tht hnh theo nhng g trongKinh dy, th l tng rng sung. Tng nh thckhc no mt kchn b thu, chbit m b cn mtcho ch. Sut i khng hng c li ch g ca con

b c. Ni theo ngy nay, ging nh my ngi lm

vic trong ngn hng, sut thng quanh nm ch lmmt cng vic l m bc cho ngn hng m thi. Rtli mnh khng c hng c mt ng iu no cangn hng. Hng tin lng l ngn hng chtrcngmnh lm. Th thi!. Ngc li, d chng ta khngtng nhiu Kinh, (nhchmt bi Bt Nh Tm Kinhthi) m chng ta y c theo li Pht dy, n lc ng

dng hnh tr mt cch nghim khc thit thit, th


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cng gii thot ri. Php c 20, Pht ni rt r vngha li ch ca vic tng nim. Ngi tng nim phi

y gio hnh tr. ng ny khng, tng th c tng,(ging nh tng kcng vi Pht hay cho Pht nghe)nhng hnh tr th khng. Tng nh th c i cngkhng c li ch. C ngi tng nim ttrn gi,nhng tam c (tham sn si) vn cn nguyn vn.

Hi: Ti sao tng Kinh nhiu v lu qu m chng ta

kh vn hon kh, khng c cht tin b no trnng tu hnh ht vy? Hi tc mi ngi chng ta c sn cu trli ri vy. Tng nhthlm sao tin bc. Kinh Pht dy chng ta tng bit r m dittrtham sn si, chu phi Pht dy cho chng tatng cu phc. Cng nhchng ta c bnh n bc skhm, ri bc s ra toa cho chng ta mua thuc

ung. C mua thuc ung th bnh ca chng ta miht. Ngc li, chng ta cm toa thuc trn tay, tingy c c m khng chu mua thuc ung, ri ctrch sao ti khng ht bnh! Bun ci hn na, cngi ti ngy c cm toa thuc bc s cho, ri cmu c li cho bc snghe, cho bc svui. Thhibc sc vui khng? Hay l ng ta ch trch ngi

qu kh di. Ti sao ti cho toa my ngi muathuc ung, chti u c bt buc my ngi c licho ti nghe? Toa thuc ny chnh ti cho, b tikhng bit sao m cn qu vphi c li? Tht l ngngn! Qutht, nu khng kho, th chng ta l nhngk ang ng ngn nh ngi bnh kia khng khc.Kinh do Pht ni, ri ta cem ra tng li cho Pht

nghe. Tng khng thi sao, c ngi cn phi luyn


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ging cho c ca c k na ch. Ngh m thanh camnh tng hay chc Pht khen. Tht l Pht thy

thng xt ti nghip cho chng ta qu chng! Hai cuPhp c ny, qutht l mt hi chung ln, c Phtnhm thc nhc cnh tnh chng ta trong vn tngc Kinh in. Tng Kinh nh thno c ch li chovic tu hnh v tng nhthno khng bch, Pht dy qu r rng. Cn li l phn ng dng tht hnhca chng ta m thi. V th, nn khi tng c, chng

ta tng c chm ri r rng tng ch, tng cu cho cmch lc, (khng cn phi c chung m, nu tng nh) chng ta theo di tng li, tng cu Pht dy.

Nu c chno khng hiu, khng thng, th chng tann tha hi nhng vthin hu tri thc; nhng ngi c trnh Pht hc kh vng chc, thnh cu qu v ch dy cho chng ta hiu. Xong ri, chng ta c

gng em ra p dng trong i sng hng ngy. C th,mi c li ch v mi tht s l ngi bit tngKinh. Cn ring phn chTng, Ni trong cha khi tngnim, dnhin phi cn xdng n chung m, v cng ngi tng nim. nh m l gitrng canhu n, ha m trong khi tng nim. Nhng, tt ccng vn phi theo nguyn tc Pht dy trn. iu m

chng ti xin c nhn mnh r y, l chng tichtrnh by i khi vvic li hi ca vic tng Kinhng php hay khng ng php theo li Pht dy mthi, chtuyt nhin, chng ti khng c cp nvic nghi thc tng nim. V l mt lnh vcchuyn mn khc. Xin ch c lm ln gia hai lnhvc khc nhau ny.


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II.Phm Khng Bung Lung(Appamadavaggo)

21.Khng bung lung35 a ti ci bt t, bunglung a ti ng t sanh36; ngi khng bung

35Bung lung(Heedlessness): ChHn l phng dt. Phng dt haybung lung, thuc tm sbt thin, ngc li, tm sthin l bt phngdt hay khng bung lung.Tm s ny rt tai hi, sng phng tngkhng km ch.

36 Sanh t: Sng cht. Trong Kinh ni c 2 loi sanh t: phn onsanh tv bin dch sanh t. Phn on sanh tl sng cht tng phn

tng on. Ngha l do to nghip thin hoc bt thin i trong vnglun hi ni 3 ci (dc gii, sc gii v v sc gii) thsanh. C


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lung th khng cht, k bung lung th sng nhthy ma.

Heedfulness is the path to the Death-less. Heedlessnessis the path to death. The heedful die not. The heedlessare as if dead already.

KTngKhng phng dt, bt tPhng dt, phi tsinh

Khng phng dt, khng chtPhng dt, nhcht ri.

Lc gingTi sao khng bung lung a ti ci bt t? Chbtty l ng ngha vi V sanh hay Nit bn. Bingi khng bung lung l ngi sng c o c k

cng. Ni cch khc, nhng ngi ny, h thcc s kh au ca cuc i, nn h quyt ch tuhnh, nghim tr gii lut. Hsng khng cu th. Hd dt cn trng tng li ni v vic lm. Hl ngikho bit gi gn ba nghip: thn, khu, . Trong banghip, l chng to nghip. Nhgigii, sanhnh nn dng c nghip. Khi nghip dng,

th hnh git c Nit Bn an lc, tc t cquvNit Bn A la hn. y l quvcui cng ca

mi ln sanh ra ri cht i, tip tc mi nhvy, gi l phn on sanht.Bin dch sanh t, y l sbin i tng quvtrn tin trnh tu chngca cc quvThanh Vn. NhtquvTu Hon bin i ln quvT Hm v.v Cmi ln bin i nhvy, gi l bin dch sanh

t.


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Thanh Vn. t chng quvny ri, khng cn sanht, tc dt c hai phn sanh t: Phn on v Bin

dch, nn ni l Bt t. Ngc li, kbung lung, tcsng theo dc vng sthch. Hmun lm chi th lm,

bt cn i. Hhnh ng theo bn nng tdo phngtng. Nhth, nn hi mi trong vng lun hi sanht khau trin min. Nn ni bung lung a ting tsanh, hoc sng nhthy ma.Li dy ny,c Pht nhm cnh gic v qutrch nhng ngi tu

bung lung tm rt nng n. Tht vy, ngi tu hnhm khinh thng gii lut, sng bung thkhng chth thn, to nghip hn ngi i, nh th, th hichng ta c xng ng ngi tu hay khng? Sngkhng l tng, khc no nhchic thuyn tri khngnh hng, mc tnh tri dt ni u cng c, minsao sng tha mn dc tnh th thi. Bi vy, Pht qu

ngi tu nhth, c khc g mt ci thy ma, sng mcng nh cht. Nghim li, chng ta ang l thy matrong tng giy pht! V sao vy? V chng ta sngthiu chnh nim. Sng khng chnh nim, th c khcg l mt ci my. Ni ci my, tc cn nh, v cn cshot ng, nhng mt shot ng theo duyn.

bphn th n hot ng, khi khng duyn th thi.

l my, th n hot ng ch l hot ng, tuytnhin, n khng bit g c. Ngi sng khng c chnhnim cng nh th. Chng ta sinh hot lm lng sutngy, ht lm ny n lm kia, lc no cng bn rn,tng mnh ngon lnh lm, nhng tht ra, khi hi nci g lm chiu khin shot ng , th chngta li lng tng m tt. Sng m mt mnh khng hay

bit. Tht ng bun thay! Chng ta c ng ci suy


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ngh lung tung l mnh. Nu n tht l mnh, thtrong mt gi c bit bao nhiu ci suy ngh. Khi th

ngh lnh, lc li ngh d, ngh quy. Nu bo, nghlnh l mnh, th khi nghquy, nghdl ai? Chlmnh l nhng thtp nhp. Ri n khi nhm mt, thci mnh n i u? Bnh thng n tr ng nino? Ti sao lc n dy khi nghth, by ginhnli, th khng thy bng dng ca mt ch no ht. Thn i u? Sao tan bin mau l nh vy? Nu n l

mnh, th n phi cn hoi. Csao khi chng ta xoayli nhn din n, th n mt hnh mt dng. Qutht,ci m mnh cho l mnh , n chl ci bng mmthi. Trong Kinh thng gi nhng th ny l vngtng.Vy m ci chng ta li lm n lcho nhngth vng tng bng m ny. Tuy n l bng m,nhng n c mt sc mnh rt ln. N lun lun sai s

chng ta to nghip thin, c, cho n ngy chng tanhm mt. n ngy nhm mt m mnh cng khng

bit mnh l ai. Nh th, c phi sng m nh chtkhng? Bi vy, Pht cho nhng ksng bung lung,ging nh mt ci thy ma khng hn khng km.Thit nghmi ngi chng ta nn ngm li tht kliPht dy ny.

22. K tr bit chc iu y, nn gng lm chkhng bung lung. Khng bung lung th ng anvui trong cc ci Thnh37.

37Thnh: Ni l Thnh nhn, chchung cho cc bc tu chng. Trn

tin trnh tu chng tphm phu n quvPht, hnh giphi tri quanhiu quv. Quvcui cng l Pht. Tuy nhin, chThnh trong y


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Clearly understanding this excellence of heedfulness,the wise exult therein and enjoy the resort of the Noble

Ones.KTng

Bit r stht yKtr khng phng dt

Hoan hkhng phng dtAn vui trong ci thnh

Lc gingPht khuyn chng ta nn cgng lm ngi tr. Ngic tr hul ngi bit sng. Ngi bit sng l ngikhng bung lung. Ngi sng c nh hng, c ltng. Khng sng trong sn ltnh dc. Sng trongsbo dng, thanh tnh ca gii lut. Ngi gigiilut tinh nghim l ngi hng sng trong chnh nim.

Hl ngi khng nh mt mnh. Hlun lun angbit mnh l ai v ang lm g. H l ngi kho bitsng tnh thc trong tng pht giy. i hbit hi.Lm hbit hlm. Chcn mt chBit sng suttrong mi hnh ng, th ngi l ngi tr hu. Trihn vi hng ngi v tr, bung lung. l hnh nhca mu ngi gii thot. H sng tip cn vi cuc

i, nhng tm hn ca hlc no cng trong sng. Hkhng lm n lcho dc vng sai khin. Pht cho hngngi nhthl k t c Thnh v. Nhvy,Thnh v Phm chkhc nhau gia M v Ng. M l

phm phu, Ng l Thnh nhn. M, Ng cng l con

ni l chcho quvA La Hn, tc quvcui cng ca hng Thanh

Vn, thuc Tiu Tha.


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ngi. Ch khc nhau, mt con ngi sng khngbung lung, lun tnh thc v mt con ngi sng

bung lung theo dc vng m thi.

23. Nhkin nhn, dng mnh tu thin nh v giithot, m ktr c an n, chng nhp V thngNit bn.The wise ones, ever meditative and steadfastly

persevering, alone experience Nibbna, the

incomparable freedom from bondage.

KTngNgi hng tu thin nhThng kin nhn, tinh cn

Ktr hng Nit bnThot trc phin, v thng.

Lc gingPht cho chng ta bit r thm vcon ng tu. Munt c quvV thng Nit Bn, tc Pht qu, hnchng ta phi tri qua bao nhiu chng ngi. Trn ltrnh hnh ha, khng phi lc no chng ta cng gphoa v tri. M i khi, chng ta s gp nhiu gai

chng hm h. Khi gp nhng chng duyn ththch, nu chng ta thiu trang bcho mnh c tnh nhnnhc, th rt dng qutrn ng. V i khi, chngta li chn nn thi bc trv. c skin nhn,nhng nu thiu tinh tn cng khng thnh cng trn

bc ng tu. V vy, Pht khuyn bo chng taphi kin nhn v dng mnh thng tin. Thng tin

nh thno? Ktip Pht nu ra php tu Thin nh.


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Tht vy, ngi tu, nu khng trang b cho mnh y: Tam v lu hc: gii, nh, hu, th khng th

no t n quvgii thot c.

24. Khng bunglung, cgng, hng hi chnhnim38, khc k39 theo tnh hnh, sinh hot ngnh php, th ting lnh cng ngy cng tngtrng.Ever grows the glory of him who is energetic, mindful

and pure in conduct, discerning and self- controlled,righteous and heedful.

KTngTinh cn, tu chnh nimTnh hnh, kho suy t

Tiu theo chnh mng

Ngi sng khng phng dtTing lnh ngy tng trng.

Lc gingNi ln ci kt qum ngi tu t c. Bng vo skin tr nlc chuyn cn , nn kt qu, tmnh c gii thot v do , ting lnh ngy cng tng

38Chnh nim:Chnh l ngay giy pht hin ti, ngay y. Nim lnh. Chnh nim l chnhngay ni giy pht hin ti, khng phngnghnhqu khv tng lai. Khng nhnghhai u l chnh nim.

39Khc k:Nghim khc vi chnh mnh. Khng ddi tha thli lmni chnh mnh. Hng qun xt k lng ni tm v chngnhng

tm nim xu c.


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trng. Nh th, m vic t hnh ha tha mi ctrn vn vy.

25. Bng scgng, hng hi khng bung lung, tkhc ch ly mnh, m k tr t tocho mnh mthn o40chng c ngn thy triu41no nhn chmc.

By effort and heedfulness, discipline and self-mastery,let the wise one make for himself an island which no

flood can over-whelm.KTng

Tinh cn, khng phng dtTiu, kho chng

Ktr xy hn oSng nc kh ngp trn.

Lc gingPht dy: Kbung lung l ksng chy ra ngoi, tcbi gic hip trn, lm n lcho ngoi cnh. sngtheo ngoi cnh, tc mt mnh. Mun nhn r bMttht xa nay ca mnh, tt nhin, l phi nhn thng limnh. y, Pht dy: t khc ch ly mnh , tc

phi phn quan tk. Vua Trn Nhn Tn khi cn theo

hc vi TuTrung Thng Sc hi mt cu: Ci gcca ngi tu thin l g? TuTrung Thng Strli:

40Hn o: Chcho ci t cao c thtrnh khi thy tai. y m chcho quvA la hn.

41Thy Triu: Dng nc chy ln xung, khi rng khi ln. y m

chcho nhng thphin no tham, sn, si, buc rng v sai s chngsanh trong ba ci.


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Phn quan tkbn phn s, bt tng tha c. Nghal: phi hng xem xt li ni chnh mnh, l bn

phn chnh yu ca ngi tu, khng chy theo cnhngoi. C nhn k li mnh, mi thy r nhng vngnim dy khi mnh gn lc, lau chi. l ni theongha thng, trong phm vi i tr tu. Nu lunngha siu vit hn, theo Thin Tng, th vng tngvn khng tht, nn khi mnh nhn thng li n, th nstan bin mt hnh mt dng. Nhtrng hp THu

Kh ng dng tht hnh, khi c schthng caTBt Ma, qua cu chuyn An Tm. THuKhni tm con khng an, cu xin TBt Ma chcho cch an tm. TBt Ma bo: ngi emtm ra ta an cho. Khi , THuKhnhn li, khngthy bng dng ch no, mi tha: con tm tm khngc. Tbo: Ta an tm cho ngi ri. Nhn ,

THuKh bit ng vo

L gic phin no lun chc sn nhn chm ta bt clc no, nu chng ta thiu cnh gic, tnh thc. V th,Pht bo: l k tr phi t to cho mnh mt h ovng chc. Tv thkip n nay, chng ta mi lnhp m chm trong bin i sanh tkhau, mc d

chng ta ai cng sn c Hn o tnh gic, nhng vbmy m v minh che ph, nn chng ta qun mt.Nu mt phen chng ta nghe li Pht dy, sm bit hiu tnh gic quay vhn o an ton , th khng cmt ngn thy triu no c khnng nhn chm chngta c.


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26. Ngi m n42 ngu si43m chm trong vngbung lung, nhng k tr li chm gi tm mnh

khng cho bung lung nh anh nh giu chm logica.The foolish and ignorant indulge in heedlessness, butthe wise one keeps his heedfulness as his best treasure.

KTngKsi, chng ngu n

Sng phng ng, bung lungNgi tr khng phng dt

Gign nhvt bu.

Lc gingPht dy :D bit mnh sn c Hn o , nhngchng ta cha chu thit thit quay v an thn lp

mnh, th c cng nh khng. Cho nn, php c 26,Pht quv thng xt chng ta l kngu si m n,mi m chm trong vng bung lung, cha chu tnhthc. Khau hay an vui, chkhc nhau l k tr vingi ngu. Pht nu ra cho chng ta thy mt hnh nhca ngi sng c tr hu rt c th. K tr l klungn gi tm mnh mt cch min mt cn trng. Nh

kho giv ngn chn nhth, nn nhng vng nim

42m n: m l ti tm, n l ngu n. m n chcho ngi khngc trnh , cn cngu mui chm lt, khng bn nhy.

43Ngu si:Ti tm m m. Chngu si trong Kinh Pht thng qu, lchcho nhng ngi bmn v minh che m tr gic, c nhng nhnnh sai lm i vi chn l, chkhng phi Pht qutrch nhngi

i chi ra.


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kh c c hi pht sanh. Khc no nh anh nh giuchm lo gica, v sktrm t nhp vo nh ly ht

vt qu bu ca anh. Mi ngi chng ta vn sn giu, nhng v khng kho gi, nn thng xuyn bktrm vo nh ly ht . Mt khi chng ta kho bit gngi, th khng mt ktrm no ly c.

27. Chnn m chm theo bung lung,chnn msay vi dc lc44; hy nn cnh gic45 v tu thin

mi mong ng i an lc46.Do not give way to heedlessness. Do not indulge insensual pleasures. Only the heedful and meditativeattain great happiness.

KTngChbung lung phng dt

Chm say dc lcNgi tch, thin nhMi hng i an lc.

Lc ging

44

Dc lc: dc l ham mun; lc l vui thch. Dc lc chcho nhng svui thch m ngi ta am m khng bao gibit nhm chn. Nhningdc lc v.v

45Cnh gic: cnh l rn nhc; gic l thc tnh. Cnh gic l rn nhccho mi ngi lun phng trc nhng cm dca cuc i.

46i an lc: Nim vui an bnh rt ln. Nhtu thin nh nn tm can lc ln.


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Pht nhc li cho chng ta nh: nu ngi tu mun thtsthot ly sanh tkhau, th chnn m chm theo

bung lung, ch nn m say vi dc lc m hy nncnh gic tu thin, mi mong ng i an lc. iuquan trng ca ngi tu l phi lun tduy thin qun.Ta phi thin qun mt cch su sc vcc php hogihuyn. Trn i ny khng c g l quan trng. Bnthn ta, mt ngy no cng tan r, h tt g nhngvt ngoi ta. Qung vi cu:

Tung huyn ha by ra yKip ph sanh trng thy m auTrm nm cn c g uChng qua mt nm ckhu xanh r!(n NhHu Nguyn Gia Thiu).

i ngi cui cng ct bi trvcho ct bi. Bit th,

th ta cn tham m dc lc thgian lm g! Hy giiquyt vn sng cht khau, mi l iu quantrng nht ca ngi tu.

28.Nhtrht bung lung ktr khng cn lo sg.Bc Thnh hin khi bc ln lu cao ca tr tu,nhn li thy r k ngu si m nhiu lo s, chng

khc no khi ln c ni cao, ci nhn li mun vttrn mt t.

Just as one upon the summit of a mountain beholds thegroundlings, even so when the wise man casts awayheedlessness by heedfulness and ascends the hightower of wisdom, this sorrowless sage beholds thesorrowing and foolish multitude.


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KTngKtr dit bung lung

Vi hnh khng phng dtLeo lu cao tr tu

Bc thnh, khng u loNhn qun manh shiChng khc ln ni cao

Nhn mun vt di t

Lc gingPht cho chng ta bit r v k tnh v ngi cnm. Ni tnh l v qua cn m. Mun ht m, th

phi dt trbung lung. Cn bung lung l cn sanht. V tm bung lung l u mi ca sto nghip.Cn to nghip l cn i trong sanh t. Khi ht mym, th bu tri mi tht strong sng. My m bung

lung cn, th lm g bu tri tr tuxut hin c. Ktht tnh, nhn li thy ngi cn m m, mi tht lngthng xt, ti nghip. Khc no bc Thnh Hin bcln lu cao ca tr tu, nhn li thy thy r kngu sim nhiu lo s, v chng khc no ngi khi ln cni cao, ci nhn li mun vt trn mt t. Mong saomi ngi st c nh cao ca tr tuv mi an tr

trn Hn o an bnh. Mt khi tm bnh, th thgii sbnh. Ngc li, th i ta khc no nhmt klhnhmi lm khch phong trn i trong sng gi h lykhau ca cuc i. Mi ngi nn thi li mnh:ta mun mi lm khch phong trn i lang thang haymun trvqu c? Mun trvqu c, th xin hymau chng hi u!


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29. Tinh tn gia m ngi bung lung, tnh togia m ngi m ng, k tr nh con tun m47

thng tin bli sau con nga gy hn.Heedful among the heedless, wide-awake among thesleeply, the wise man adwances like a swift horseleaving behind a weak jade.

KTngTinh cn gia phng dt

Tnh thc gia qun mKtr nhtun m

Bsau con nga hn.

Lc gingSng trong mt on th, ngi tinh tn tu hc, bao gicng gt hi nhiu kt qu tt p. Sng chung ng

gia mt m ngi c ch h lit, phng tng, libing tu hc, th tc ng nh hng ca nhng ngi i vi h cng khng phi l nh. Ngi munvt qua snh hng ny, phi l ngi c c kinnhn v ch cng quyt rt cao. Qu h l mungi sng c l tng. Hm thm nhn ni cn mntrong vic tu hc. Ngi nh th, chc chn s b

nhng kbing li k, ganh t. Chng nhng bk, ganh t thi, m hcn tm mi cch ni xu,hm hi ngi na. Nhng, vi mt con ngi c ch st nhth, th d cho hc bnhng kxu cchung quanh tr dp ti bi hoa l, h cng cng

47Tun m: Loi nga ua gii, khng con nga no chy ua hn n.


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30. Nhkhng bung lung, Ma Gi48ln l chcichthin. Khng bung lung lun lun c khen

ngi, bung lung lun lun bkhen ch.By heedfulness did Indra become the overlord of thegods. Heedfulness is ever praised, and heedlessnessever despised.

KTngThch nhtinh tnThnh chci chthin

Khng phng dt c khenPhng dt bkhinh mit.

Lc gingPht dn chng tri Thch cho chng ta thy ktqu ca s khng bung lung. Tri Thch s dc lm vua ca ci tri ao Li, tc cai tr33 tng

tri l nhtinh tn tu hnh ti bi phc c nn mic nh th. K tip, Pht li so snh cho chng tathy hai hnh nh r rt gia ngi bung lung vngi khng bung lung. Ngi khng bung lunglun lun c khen ngi. Ngc li, ngi bunglung lun lun bkhinh ch. Ngi sing nng cn mntrong chiu thng hoa, hng thng, th khng nhng

bn thn hc li lc m h cn lm nhng cngvic li ch thit thc cho mi ngi. C ngi, sau khinhn lnh trch nhim do cp trn giao ph, h mthm nlc lm vic ht sc mnh phc vcho i

48Ma Gi:(Maghav) tn khc ca tri Thch (Sakha). Khi cha phc bo lm tri Thch, nhn gian tn l Ma Gi, nhcng c

sing nng qut tc sch sm c lm chci chTin.


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chng. Hxem l mt nim vui ca h. C i khih b cp trn khin trch, v mt li lm s sut no

, nhng hquyt khng bun lng, khng thi ch.Chng nhng th, m h cn bit phc thin ci tinnhng iu sai lm ca h. Trong khi , h cng b

bm dp, v bnhng kdi dm pha ni xu th.Nhng d thno, hcng khng li bc. Hkhngmn n s khen ch hay thng pht, min sao hc phc vgip cho mi ngi vui v, chngn y,

l h cm thy mn nguyn ri. Qu tht h l mungi tht ng knh mn. H l ngi rt kin nhn,chu kh, v nhth, rt c tin btrn ng tu. Nul ngi c tm cu tin, v vi tinh thn vtha bt vli, chng nghcho ring mnh, thit ngh, ta cng nnnoi gng tt ca h. V nu l ngi tt, v mingi, ta cng nn ng hhv bt chc hlm

nhng cng vic gip ch cho mi ngi. Ta nn dittrci tm nhhp, kganh t, v nhng th lnhng con vi trng c hi, chng c khot tn phcuc i ta. Ngi c tm ch knh th, th i vio v i, khng mt ai a thch hc.

31.Tkheo no thng a khng bung lung hoc

sthy sbung lung, ta v hnhngn la hng,

t tiu tt ckit s49tln ch nh.

49Kit s: (Samyojana) kit l tri buc; s l sai khin, tc chcho

nhng thphin no (Kilesa) , y l danh tchuyn mn ca nh Pht.V nhng thphin no ny hay sai khin ngi ta to nhiu nghip c,


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The monk who delights in heedfulness and looks withfear at heedlessness advances like fire, burning all

fetters small and large.KTng

Tkheo sphng dta thch khng phng dtBc ti nhla hngThiu kit sln nh.

Lc gingPht ch cp dy ring cho ngi xut gia thigii Tkheo. Ngi xut gia vi mt ch nguyn caoc sng ngi: thng cu Pht o, h ha chngsanh. Vi mt ch nguyn cao c xung thin , ththhi lm sao hc thbung lung cho c. Ngixut gia m bung lung th s nghip gii thot kh

mong thnh tu. Cho nn, i vi t thn khngbung lung, m h thy ngi khc sng bung lung,th hcm thy rt thng xt v lo s. Hlo scho k b sa a, chng nhng trong hin i m cn triqua nhiu kip na. V th, nhng T kheo no sngkhng bung lung, thc tnh tinh tn tu hnh, Pht vnhng v nhngn la hng cao ngn, c nng lc

t tan tt cnhng kit sphin no. D nhng phinno cn bn hay chi mt, thy u bthiu hy chy riht.

ri chnh nhng nghip c m h gy to trli tri buc h, nn gi

chng l kit sphin no.


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32.Tkheo no thng a khng bung lung hocs thy s bung lung, ta bit h l ngi gn ti

Nit bn, nht nh khng b sa a d dng nhtrc.The monk who delights in heedfulness and looks with

fear at heedlessness will not fall. He is close toNibbna.

KTngTkheo sphng dt

a thch khng phng dtNht nh gn Nit bn

Khng cn ba lc.

Lc gingPht ququyt nhng Tkheo lun mc o gip tinhtn, vi thanh gm tr tu trong tay, cht ph tt c

nhng phin no, th chc chn hst c quvNit bn an lc. th, th cn lo g a lc. Ch trnhng ksng khng bit c ngy mai. Hchtrngsng l phi hng thvt cht. Hkhng tha thit gtrong vic tu hnh. Hl ngi am m theo danh lidc lc th gian. i vi h nhng nhu cu vt cht,khng bao gi bit . H sng phng tng tri vi

gii lut Pht dy. Hch ci v ganh ght tm cchdm pha ni xu nhng bc tu hnh o cao c trng.Hl ngi khng bit tm qu. Hcoi tri bng vung,khinh ngi di mt. Bn ng ca h tht l to ln.Pht cho nhng hng ngi l Tng thng mn.Hkhng bit tn knh nhng bc trng thng chnh. D hbit, nhng bc y ng bc Tn s ca

h. Nhng vi lng ti cao ngo, khng cho php h


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hmnh hc hi. Quhl hng ngi qu trung thnhtn thchngha vk. Hng ngi ny thi no cng

c. H c bit ti bin h v ph tng nhng li lmca h. Pht rt thng xt nhng hng ngi ny. yl hng ngi m ca a ngc ang chn h. lhng ngi sng bung lung sa a, khng c o c,d bngoi htrang phc l o c. Hli dng Pht

php lm k nui sng, min sao h sng sungsng ph phn l c ri. Qung nh li ngi

i thng ni: chic o khng lm nn thy tu.Hnh ng tn o, hi i, ph php, l hnh ngca mt con ngi nh mt lng tm o c lmngi.

III.Phm Tm(Citavaggo)

33.Tm k phm phu thng xao ng bin ha50rt kh chphc gn gi, nhngktr li chphctm mnh lm cho chnh trc51mt cch ddng,nhthkho un nn mi tn.

50Bin ha: Bin i thnh ra ci khc hoc sang trng thi, hnh thckhc. Qu trnh tu hc bin i txu trthnh tt.

51 Chnh trc: Chnh l ngay, trc l thng. Tm chnh trc l tm

ngay thng, khng lch hai bn: c v khng


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Just as a fletcher straightens an arrow shaft, even sothe discerning man straightens his mind so fickle and

unsteady, so difficult to guard and control.

KTngTm phm hay giao ngKh ch, kh nhip phcKtr khin tm chnhNhthkho nn tn.

Lc gingNgi tu hnh, cn l phm phu khi cha ln Thnh vA la hn, th khng mt ai dm bo m tin ni tmmnh. Ti sao? V ci tm l tm vng, thay i btthng. l vng, tt nhin n khng bao gi yn.Sut ngy n phan duyn theo trn cnh. Ging nh

con vn chuyn cy v con nga chy rong ni ngni. Bi th, cc nh Duy Thc gi n l tm vin m, ngha l vn lng nga . Nh thin gi n lloi tru hoang, tht khng dg chphc. Mun ch

phc c n, ngi tu trc tin phi bit mt min. Nu khng bit n, th lm sao ch phc? Trongnh thin gi l chn tru. Mun chn th phi bit tru

l g v hnh dng n ra sao? Tru tc l vng tng.V vng tng, cho nn n lun xao ng bt an. th, th lm sao bit hnh dng ca n c. N lun

bin ha khng lng. V bin ha khng lng, nnrt kh chn n. Bi th, nn Php c 33, Pht ni:tm kphm phu thng xao ng bin ha rt khchphc gn gi. l ni kphm phu tm cn th

ng rt kh gn gi. Ngc li, Pht ni:nhng k


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tr chphc tm mnh lm cho chnh trc mt cch ddng, nh th kho un nn mi tn. Ngi tr l

ngi gic ngsng sut. gic ngsng sut, (chahon ton) th tm vng tng th ph khng cn. Chonn i vi nhng vny, hiu phc tm ca hmt cch ddng. Ni cch khc, h lm chch. Vng tng khng cn th lm sao khuy ng hc. V nhmt tri xut hin, th my m phi tan

bin. Mt tri chnh nim ca hlun thp sng. Do

m tm ca hc chnh trc. n y, hmi cthtin tng ni tm mnh.

34.Nh con c b qung ln b s st v vng vythno, th cng nhth, cc ngi hy em tmlos, phn u mau thot khi cnh gii c ma52.As a fish when pulled out of water and cast on land

throbs and quivers, even so is this mind agitated.Hence should one abandon the realm of Mra.

KTngNhc qung ln bVt ra ngoi thy giiTm ny phi vng vy

Vy hy thot ma gii.

Lc gingPht cho chng ta mt hnh nh cthvsddui tin ni tm mnh. Ngi tu, khi cha iu phc c

52

Cnh gii c ma: Chchung cho cc loi phin no chng.


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tm, hay r hn cha lm chc 6 cn, nn khi tipxc trn cnh, th tm kh c an n. Khc no qung

c ln b, lm sao trnh khi s vng vy. V c cnc mi sng c. Ri nc c khng th no tnti. Nay qung c ln t kh, th c phi cht. Cngth, nu ngi tu, khi cha lm chc tm, th khthot khi c ma nhiu hi. Th nn, nu mun thotkhi cnh gii ma, th ngi tu cn phi c mi tn trtuv cy cung thin nh. Bng khng, th stn thn

mt mng nhcon c cht vy trn b.

35.Tm phm phu cxoay vn theo ngdc53, xaong khng d nm bt; ch nhng ngi no iu phc c tm mnh mi c yn vui.Wonderful, indeed, it is to subdue the mind, so difficultto subdue, ever swift, and seizing whatever it desires. A

tamed mind brings happiness.

KTngKh nm gi, giao ngTm phm, dc chi phi

Lnh thay, iu phc tmTm iu, hng an lc.

Lc gingPht nhn mnh ci m i a sngi tu khng cgii thot, l do qu am m ngdc lc thgian. ycng do tp kh m nhim lu i. V sng theo vng

53Ngdc: C 2 loi: th v t. Ngdc th: ti, sc, danh, thc, thy.

Ngdc t: sc, thanh, hng, v, xc.


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tnh, nn cng ngy cng ln su vo trong bn ly ngdc. Khc no nhcon tru hoang dong rui n khut

trong m rng rm, khng bit li ra. Ngi m theongdc cng th. Mun cho tru hoang kia hi u thot ra, th ngi chn phi kho lo tm cch dn diu phc n. Cng th, ngi tu mun thot khi ngdc, th phi kho dng nhng phng tin tu hnh nhip ha iu phc tm. Nh nim Pht hay thinqun v.v. Phi thng xuyn qun st cc php th

gian l v thng huyn ha. Tt cu do nhn duyngi hp to thnh, khng c g bn chc. Mi s vttrn i, chl tr o mng m thi. Nhqun st nhth, th tm tham cu ham mun ngdc sbt dn. T, tm ta mi c nhnhng an thot.

36.Tm phm phu cxoay vn theo ngdc, bin

ha u n kh thy, nhng ngi tr li thngphng h tm mnh, v c yn vui nh tmphng hy.

Let the discerning man guard the mind, so difficult todetect and extremely subtle, seizing whatever it desires.

A guarded mind brings happiness.

KTngTm tinh vi kh thy

i dc thng chi phiKtr htr tm

Tm h, hng an lc.

Lc ging


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Pht nhn mnh vic phng htm mnh. Ti sao Phtbo ta phi phng h? Bi v tm dtheo cnh. Txa

tm cnh lin quan, cnh m xao ng tm an myngi. Ngi tu, nht l ngi xut gia, mun tmc yn, th phi lng bt duyn i. M mun lng

bt duyn i, theo kinh nghim ca chTv cc bcTn c, th cch hay nht l phi trnh duyn chuyn tu, bng cch nhp tht chng hn. Cnh sctuy n khng c li, nhng n c mt sc ht hp dn,

li cun, rt d lm lung lc tm ngi tu. Th d:tin ti, sc p, danh vng v.va sngi tu hnhu b sc ht ca nhng th ny lm chng ngitrn ng tu rt ln. Trong Kinh T Thp NhChng c nhiu bi Kinh Pht ni vtai hi ca ngdc. Chng hn nhchng 21 Pht dy: Ngi theotnh dc cu c thanh danh, khi thanh danh va hin

l th thn cht ri! Nu ngi tham th thngdanh i m chng hc o, th ch ung cng mtxc, th nh: t hng, ngi ta va nghe c mihng th hng kia chy ht, m th la hi thnli theo lin sau .

Chng 22 Pht dy: Ti sc i vi ngi, ngi

khng bc, chng khc no trn li dao c dnhcht mt, khng mt ba n ngon, th m a blim vo quyt sbci hi t li. (Gio SHonQuan dch)

Thbit tai hi ca ngdc dng no! Nu ngitht stu hnh mun thot ly sanh tkhau, th nn


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xa lnh ngdc nhtrnh xa hm la. V gn n scngy chy mt mng!

37.Tm phm phu cln lt i mt mnh, i rt xa,v hnh v dng nh n nu hang su, nu ngino iu phc c tm, th gii thot khi vng matri buc.

Dwelling in the cave (of the heart), the mind, withoutform, wanders far and alone. Those who subdue this

mind are liberated from the bonds of Mra.

KTngi xa vi, c c

V hnh, n hang suAi iu phc tm y

Thot khi ma tri buc.

Lc gingPht gi cho chng ta mt hnh nh vtm vng quanhng tngchng ta c thhnh dung tm vngca chng ta. Nhng cm tln lt i mt mnh, i

rt xa, n nu hang su, chng ta thy r iu. Trong cuc sng hng ngy, t khi no chng tatht squn chiu li ni tm bit r tm ta. Thngchng ta bng ha vi ngoi cnh. Cho nn ta khngnhn din c n. N lun lun gy cho ta bt an. Taau khcng chv n. Ta mun n yn, nhng nno c chu. N c ln lt ri b ta i mt mnh. Hai

chln lt, ni ln mt hnh ng thiu skim sot


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cht ch. i mt mnh, i rt xa, v hnh, v dng nhn nu hang su. Ci g ln lt? V ti sao phi i nh

th? Sai m phi ln lt? Ti sao khng i cng khai? l nhng cu hi m ta cn phi nu ra tm hiu.Thng thng, ch c nhng k bt chnh mi hnhng ln lt, v sngi ta nhn din bit c. Chnu l kquang minh chnh i, th sai m phi lnlt. Kln lt l kdi tr, t vy l km ta cn philun lun phng. V chng nhl ktrm. Chhai

chln lt thi, m Pht cho chng ta c thhnhdung c tm l tm vng phin no ca ta. Thtvy, tm ta l thvng tng, gidi khng tht. V ldi tr, gian xo, nn thng lm nhng vic ln lt.Kgian di bao gicng mun hnh ng mt mnh,sngi khc dm ng. V vy, nn chng chtn, cht i, nhbng ma tri. N bin dng, tng hnh

di mi hnh thc khng ai bit c. L tm vngphin no ny bnh thng nh n trn hang su,nhng khi gp duyn, xc cnh, th bn chng xut uldin trn ra nhong vttha ht cn mi ngi.Tht l gh gm ng s thay! Tuy vy, chng ch lmt thi qun tp nhp, thiu klut, khng c ihnh trt tv tt ccng chl mt thbng mm

thi. D chng c mt sc mnh rt ln! Nhng, scmnh , cng khng th no chng c ni vi cythanh ao, bo kim ca ngi tr tu. Khi ngi trtugicao ngn thanh ao, hay bo kim ln, th bnchng thy skinh hn khip m tan hnh bin dnght. Cho nn, cu k tip Pht mi ni rng: Nungi no iu phc c tm, th gii thot khi vng

ma tri buc. Nh vy, l k chin thng ca


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khc khi hon, phc hi li t nc tm thanh bnhthnh tr.

38. Ngi tm khng an nh, khng hiu bitchnh php54, khng tn tm kin c55, th khngththnh tu c tr tucao siu.Wisdom never becomes perfect in one whose mind isnot steadfast, who knows not the Good Teaching andwhose faith wavers.

KTngAi c tm bt an

Chng hiu chn diu phpTn tm khng kin cTr tukh vin thnh.

Lc ging

Pht cho chng ta bit hnh nh ca mt con ngi yuui, thiu trang bcho mnh mt cy thanh ao v bokim. Bi khng c tr hu, nn khng thc khnngsdng nhng loi vkh sc bn ny. Bi vy, nnPht ni: Ngi tm khng an nh, khng hiu bitchnh php, khng tn tm kin c, th khng ththnhtu c tr hu cao siu. y l hnh nh ca mt

hng ngi tri ngc trn. Ngi tu hnh, d tu btcphp mn no, hay bt ctng phi no, tu trung

54Chnh php: Nhng li Pht dy ng vi chn l, d tri qua baonhiu i cng khng thay i. Gio php hp vi chn l.

55Tn tm kin c: Lng tin vng chc bn b, khng g c thlm lay

ng c.


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cng chnhm vo mt mc ch duy nht l dit trphin no (ni theo ngha i tr). Phin no ht, th

tm hnh gimi c an nh. Nu cn mt cht nolai vng, d rt nh, th tm thcng cha tht scan nh. Thnn, mun tm an nh, th vic trc tin,hnh gi phi nhn v bit r l gic phin no. Khidng tr hu bit r ri, th by gi mi dng cngchiu ph. Tc bit r chgic tr ng, mi em binhtr dit c. l mt yu l ca s tu. Nu tm

khng an nh, th lm g c tr hupht sanh. Gingnhngn n du, cbgi thi lay ng hoi, th lmsao chiu ta nh sng cho c? Mun c nh sng,th cn phi c ng khi chp vo. Nh c ng khichp vo m ngn n ng yn. Khi , th nh snhmi soi t khp ni. Cng th, ngi tu s d tmkhng an nh, l v thiu shnh tr gii lut nghim

minh. Ngi gigii lut nghim minh, khc no nhngn n du kia c ng khi chp vo. Ngn nng yn l dcho tm hnh gic an nh. Nhannh m tm c sng sut. Cng nhngn n nhng yn, m c nh sng soi t. Tu, m tm chng tati ngy clon ng mi, th lm sao bit c chnh

php. Chnh php l bn tm chn tht ca ta. V gio

php Pht ch dy, cng ch nhm mc ch cho mingi nhn ra v sng c vi tm chn tht camnh. Nhnhn r ni bn tm chn tht, nn chngta mi c c nim tin vng chc. Bng tri li, thlm sao chng ta c c nim tin vng chc c.Cu php c trn Pht cho chng ta mt chui l lunrt r rng: V tm khng an nh, nn khng hiu bit

chnh php (khng nhn r bn tm). V khng hiu


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bit chnh php, nn khng c tn tm kin c. Vkhng c tn tm kin c, nn khng th thnh tu

c tr hucao siu. Tr hucao siu c hai : mt,ch cho qu v A La Hn, tr hu cao tt trong hngThanh Vn. Hai, l ch cho quvPht, cao tt tronghng BTt.

39. Ngi tm an tnh56, khng cn cc iu hoclon57, vt trn nhng nghip thin c thng

thng, l ngi gic ngchng shi.There is no fear for an awakened one, whose mind isnot sodden by lust) nor afficted (by hate), and who hasgone beyond both merit and demerit.

KTngTm khng dc i nhim

Khng sn hn chi phiTrdit mi thin cKtnh khng shi.

Lc gingPht cho chng ta thy hnh nh ca ngi tu gii thot.

Ngi no, khi tm thanh tnh, th khng cn cciu hoc lon. Thanh tnh l trong sch. trong sch

th lm g c hoc lon. Hoc lon l phin no m lm

56An nh: An l an n khng lon, nh l ng yn, dng li khngng. An nh l khng cn phin no dy ng, ngc li vi bt an.

57Hoc lon:Hoc l phin no m lm. V phin no m lm cniln mi lm cho tm bt an, nn gi l lon. Mun tm an, phi dt tr

phin no hoc lon.


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chp trc. Cng nh ni, nc lng trong, thkhng c cn cu. Ti sao khng c cn cu? Tha, v

nc lng trong. y, ta thy quan trng l haichlng trong. Nu chng ta hiu r hai chny, lchng ta bit cch tu hnh. Nc trong, th c ai likhng bit. Bit l mt chuyn, cn tht s lng chonc trong li l mt chuyn khc. Cng nhni tmthanh tnh, ai khng bit tm thanh tnh l tm trongsch. Nhng lm cch no tm c thanh tnh,

li l mt chuyn kh. Mun tm c thanh tnh, tckhng c hoc lon phin no, cu ktip, Pht chchochng ta phng cch tu. Ngha l phng cch lngcho nc trong. Phng cch nh th no? l:Vt trn nhng nghip thin c thng thng.Thno l vt trn nhng nghip thin c thngthng? Chng ta sng thng b kt hai u, ni

cch khc l nghca ta thng ri vo hai bn: c,khng, thin, c v.v c i i, tt nhin l c

phin no thng ght, mng gin, bun vui v.v l u mi ca s to nghip i mi trong sanh tlun hi. Ngc li, y, mt v chng quA lahn, tt nhin, ht nhng thhu lu thin nghipv hu lu c nghip. Do , nhng v ny khng

cn to nghip mi na, v tuy trong o qu vinmn m thng lm nhng vic li tha mt cch tnhin (y l nhng vLi cn A la hn hay Hi tm Ala hn hng vi tha). Nhvy, ngi no khngcn bmc kt vo si i hai u ny, Pht ni l ngi gic nggii thot. V mt khi c nhth, th thhi cn g na m shi, nn ni: l ngi

gic ng, chng shi.


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40. Hy bit rng thn ny mong manh nhgm

v giam gitm ngi nhthnh quch, ngi hynh dp ma qun vi thanh hu kim sn c camnh v nm gi phn thng li, ch ng sanhtm m trc.

Realizing that this body is as fragile as a clay pot, andfortifying this mind like a well-fortifield city, fight outMra with the sword of wisdom. Then, guarding the

conquest, remain unattached

KTngBit thn nhgmHtm nhthnh trDp ma vi gm tr

Hy gign chin thng

Vt ngoi mi nhim .Lc gingPht dy: Thn ny mong manh nhgm v giamgitm ngi nhthnh quch. Ti sao Pht ni nhth? Chng ta thqun chiu c ng khng. Ni gm tc l nhng thdo t st to thnh. Tt cudo duyn hp gi c. Nu thiu mt duyn th khng

thnh. Nh thiu l nung hay thiu ngi lm, thmn gm khng thno thnh tu c. doduyn hp, tt phi do duyn tan. Nhn li thn thchng ta ang mang c khc g mn gm. Ngi tato ra gm, nhci bnh, ci chu v.v mc ch lng . Cng th, thn ny do bn i: t, nc,gi la to thnh. gm no cng do 4 th to

thnh. Thiu mt trong 4 th th khng thnh. Thn


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ny cng th. Thiu mt i trong 4 i, th khngthnh thn. c thn, th n cha ton l nhng th

bt tnh. Chng ta ng qun gm rt db. Chcnsy tay l s b tan nt ngay. Thn ny cng th, chcn mt cn au nng, hoc mt tai nn xy ra, th thnthcng khng cn. V thng xy ra trong nhy mt.Pht so snh thn ny vi gm, tht chng khc gnhau. Bi gm chl thvt cht bt tri gic. Thnny cng chl thvt cht bt tri gic. Song c iu

khc hn l trong thn ta cn c thtri gic, l phntinh thn, ni theo gio l i tha, y l do s kthp ca tht i: t, nc, gi, la, khng, kin vthc. Ti sao ni giam gitm nhthnh quch? Vri thn ny khng c tm. Thn v tm khng thtchri ra c. Nhng thn khng phi l tm v tmkhng phi l thn. Cng nhchic xe khng phi anh

ti x, hay ngc li, anh ti x cng khng phi lchic xe. Nhng chic xe, nu thiu anh ti x iukhin, th xe cng khng th chy c. Nhng, nuchc anh ti xkhng thi, th thhi anh ti x lici g? C hai, u c s tng quan mt thit vinhau. Tuy nhin, nu ngi no qu chp nng, lthuc ni thn, m qun mt tm, th c khc no k

chbit c chic xe m qun mt anh ti x. Ging nhkgiam tm trong thnh quch. Thnh quch c ra ldo tm to. Ging nh ha s v ra thnh quch, chthnh quch khng vra ngi ha s. Thnh quch chl ngn chkhng phi gc. Ngi no nhn bit nhth, th khng cn nng chp ni thn. th, ththn khng cn giam gitm ta c na. Tm ta vn

trm khp tt c, chkhng phi hn cuc ni thn.


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Cng nhhkhng trong ci bnh snh, ta cnglhkhng nh nh ci bnh. Tht ra hkhng, khng

nh nh ci bnh. Mt khi ci bnh b v ra, th hkhng strn ngp ha ng cng hkhng bn ngoitrm khp khng c ni chn. Cng th, nu chng tasng trvvi ci tm chn tht ri, th thn ny cnmt ch l chuyn ca thn, chkhng lin h g ntm. Cng nhbnh snh hb, khng lin hg vihkhng trong bnh. Nhth, th chuyn thn cn hay

mt l chuyn tr chi. Cn nh nu ta cha nhn rac bn tm chn tht ca ta, th ta vn cn thy thnny l quan trng, nhthnh quch giam hm ta. Nhngmun thy thn ny cn mt gi hp nh tr a, thhnh gicn phi c thanh hukim trong tay mi cthtiu dit c qun ma phin no. Pht bo chngta phi dnh ly phn thng li. Nu khng, th ta sl

k u hng lm n l cho bn chng sai s. Quytnh ta phi c gng dng mnh vn ln dnhthng li, nu khng c ton trit, th t ra cng phic chim cdnh ly chquyn tng phn theo kiuha bnh da beo. Nh th, th i ta mi c hy vngchm dt khau. Mong sao mi ngi chng ta cngnhau cgng vn ln dnh ly chquyn!

41. Thn ny tht l ngn ngi ! N sngmt gicngdi di ba thc t, v thc, bvt bnhkhc cy kh v dng.Ere long, alas! This body will lie upon the earth,unheeded and lifeless, like a useless log.

KTng


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Khng bao lu thn nySnm di trn t

Bvt b, v thcNhcy kh v dng.

Lc gingc Pht cnh gic, ni r v thn v thng. Cithn ny tht l ngn ngi. So vi dng thi gian bttn, th qutht kip sng ca con ngi n ngn ngi

cn hn mt nhy mt. Mi thy ri mt . Khcno nhcon ph du sng sanh chiu cht. TQui Snni: Sanh, gi, bnh, cht, khng hn cng ngi.Sm cn ti mt, cht qua i khc. Th nh sngma xun, ng trn u ngn c, cht c lin khng,nh cy trn b giy di ging u ng lu di.Qutht:

i ngi khc thloi hoaSm cn ti mt nra li tn.

Hay:Dp di ging ln ging vi bitSng ngy nay dbit c ngy mai

Mng ngi h hp lm thay!

Nghcn vnh bit tin i m au.

Pht ni tip: N s ng mt gic ng di di bathc t, v thc, b vt b nh khc cy kh vdng.Tht l bun ti! Thngm li, c thn ai mkhng ngmt gic ngtrin min chn su di lngt lnh. Bit th, m con ngi khi cn ba tc hi, th

vn cn tranh danh ot li, hn thua tng cht, u


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chm git ln nhau, khng mt cht ttm yu thngng loi. Nhng hqun rng:

Mi ph qu nh lng xa mB vinh hoa la g cng khanhGic nam kha kho bt bnh

Bng con mt dy thy mnh tay khng.Hay:

Danh m chi li lm m chi!

Ca cng danh nhbt nc c ra gMi ph qu nhvng my tan hpSang cho my cng ri mt kipGiu n u cng chhng mt i

Tt c, kt cuc ch l mt bc tranh vn cu, vngi tang thng. Sng m khng c thc n s

v thng nhanh chng ca kip con ngi, th Phtcho l sngv thc. th, th c khc g mtkhc cy kh v dng vt bbn ng! Mi ngichng ta hy txt li, xem mnh c tnh thc vl vthng Pht dy khng? V chng ta c tht s gicngcha? Nu cha, th mi ngi nn cgng qunchiu cho tht su sc qua kinh nghim bn thn cng

nhi vi tha nhn v ngoi cnh. t, chng tagng sc tinh tn tu hnh thot ly sanh tkhau.


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42.Ci hi ca kth gy ra cho kth hay ca oangia58i vi oan gia, cng khng bng ci hi ca

tm nim hng vhnh vi t c gy ra cho mnh.Whatever harm an enemy may do to an enemy, or ahater to a hater, an ill-directed mind inflicts on oneselfa greater harm.

KTngKth hi kth

Oan gia hi oan gia

Khng bng tm nim tGy c cho tthn.

Lc ging

Pht so snh ci tai hi ca kc tm nim hng vhnh vi t c so vi ci hi ca kth gy ra au kh

cho k th cng nhoan gia i vi oan gia. Ti saoPht so snh nh th? Bi v sbo on th hn, chgy tai hi cho nhau trong phm vi nh hp gia cnhn vi nhau, cn kc tm nim hnh vi t c, tcgy to 10 iu c, th hu qu tai hi rt ln. Chngnhng hi mnh m hi rt nhiu ngi v nhng loisinh vt khc. l mt tc hi chung cho x hi loi

ngi. K cht cha m p qu nhiu tm nim c,m k li c thm quyn cao chc trng, th chngta th tng tng ha hi cho nhn loi s bit lngn no! Lch snhn loi chng minh cho chngta thy rt r iu . Nc c c Hitler. Trung Hoa

58 Oan gia: Ni l oan gia tng bo. Ngha l mi thm th vi

nhau, sanh ra gp nhau tr.


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c Tn thHong, v.v l nhng khung c bo tn, gy ra bit bao tang thng cho ng loi. Hch v

c qu nhiu tham vng, mun lm b chhon cu, t, hbt chp mi thon c c, min sao hthamn c lng dc vng ca hthi. Mt ngi khi m p ci tm nim c c , tt nhin, h tchucly ni thng kh dy v bc bch, y a tm canca h ri. H khng bao gi cm thy an vui hnh

phc. Bi v hxy dng snghip trn xc cht ca

ng loi. th th lng h c bao gi c thanhthn vui sng u! V cui cng, hphi trmt girt t, p li xng ng nhng g m h gy to.Bi th, nn Pht mi rn dy php c trn.

43. Chng phi cha m hay b con no khc lm,nhng chnh tm nim hng v hnh vi chnh

thin

59

lm cho mnh cao thng hn.Neither mother, father, nor any other relative can doone greater good than ones own well-directed mind.

KTngCha mv b con

Khng thlm g hn

Khng bng tm nim chnhKhin tthn cao thng.

Lc ging

59 Chnh thin: em tm hng v 10 hnh lnh: b th, tr gii, tuthin nh, tn knh, tc s, hi hng cng c, ty hcng c, thnh

php, thuyt php, chnh kin.


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Pht cho chng ta thy lut nhn qurt cng bng. Aitu ny thnh, ai hnh ny c. Khng thngi ny n

m kkhc no c. Nhn no quny rt r rng. Tamun c mt kt quhnh phc tt p cao thng, thkhng mt ai to them li cho ta, d l thn nhnrut tht nht ca i ta, nhcha mhay ng b. Chamta chcho ta c c ci thn xc hnh hi ny, cno c an vui m ta c c, chnh phi do ta ttoly. Nu ta chmt bli vo ngi khc, th ch

l khng tng m thi. Trn i ny, khng c ai nkhng ngi ri, m c c kt qunh mun. Thi ca k ngi ch sung rng, l thi ca k

bing li li. Mt hc sinh nu khng chu khsing nng cn mn hc hnh, th lm g c kt quthiu u . nh rng, trong nhn qu, ngoi yu tchnh nhn ra, n cn i hi nhiu trduyn tt khc

gip cho chnh nhn c tt p. Nhmt cu hcsinh, cu ta lo chm chcn mn hc hnh l chnhnhn, cn cha m, thy bn, trng hc v.v lnhng tr duyn. Tr duyn tt, th gip cho chnhnhn tt. Ngc li, d c chnh nhn tt, m thiunhng trduyn tt, th chnh nhn cng khng th

pht trin tt p c. i vi ngi tu, d mi ngi

ai ai cng sn c ci chnh nhn Pht tnh, nhng, nukhng c nhng trduyn tt, th chnh nhn Pht tnhcng khng thpht trin hin ltt c. Pht T, cham, Thy bn, Kinh in v.v u l nhng trduyntt cho ta.

Tuy nhin, d chng ta c c y nhng tr

duyn tt , nhng, nu ta khng n lc quyt ch tu


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hnh, th cng khng thno t c kt qutt p.Do , nn Pht dy: Chng phi cha mhay b con

no khc lm, nhng chnh tm nim hng vhnh vichnh thin lm cho mnh cao thng hn.Hnh vichnh thin, tc Pht mun ni n em tm hng vmi hnh lnh. Mi hnh lnh l: Bth, tr gii,tu thin nh, tn knh, tc s, hi hng cng c, tyh cng c, thnh php, thuyt php, chnh kin.Mi hnh lnh ny l chic thuyn a chng ta n

bn ban vui gii thot.


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IV.Phm Hoa(Puppavaggo)

44. Ai chinh phc60c a gii, dim ma gii61,thin gii, v ai kho ging ni php c, nhtay thkho nht hoa lm trng?Who shall overcome this earth, this realm of Yama andthis sphere of men and gods? Who shall bring to

perfection the well-taught path of wisdom as an expertgarland-maker would his floral design?

KTngAi chinh phc a giiDma gii, thin giiAi kho ging php cNhthkho nht hoa.

Lc gingPhm ny c tn l Phm Hoa, theo ngi Ng ChiKhim dch l Phm Vng Hoa. Pht dng hoa th

60

Chinh phc:1 nh chim v bt phi khut phc.2. Nm c quylut ca tnhin v li dng c theo yu cu ca mnh. Chinh phcthin nhin. Chinh phc vtr3. Thu ht vmnh, lm cho bhp dnm hng vmnh (Tin Ting Vit xut bn1994)

61Dim ma gii(Yamlok), theo nguyn ch th bao qut c4 gii: angc, ng qu, sc sanh v A tu la. Bn ch bng Anh vn ca ngi

Narada rng: 4 the Four woeful states, viz: hell (a ngc), Animalkingdom (sc sanh) Peta realm (ngqu) and the Asura realm (A tu la)


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d, v n thi Pht c tc lngi ta xhoa ktthnh trng eo vo c. Tc lny ngi n n

nay vn cn gi.

Pht cho rng, ngi no chinh phc hay chngct thn (a gii), (ni cch khc l phi nhn bit rmnh), v 4 cnh gii: a ngc, ngqu, sc sanh, Atu la, cng nhthin gii (6 ci tri lc dc), th kmi tht sging ni php c, nh tay thkho nht

hoa lm trng. Ti sao ngi chinh phc tthn m gil a gii? Bi v, cha y, chng ta ng hiut bn ngoi. Trong Kinh Pht thng ni, tmchng sanh l tm a hay tm in. Ni tm a l lyt d cho tm. Vn vt trn th gian ny, tt ccng u pht sanh tt. Ri t ra, th khng thnoc c. Do , nn Pht dng t d cho tm.

Trong nh Pht c quyn Kinh gi l Tm a Qun.TNam Nhc Hoi Nhng c ni bi k:

Tm a hm chchngNgtrch tc giai manhTam mui hoa v tng

H hoi phc h thnh.

Dch:t tm cha cc gingGp t lin ny mm

Hoa tam mui khng tngNo hoi li no thnh.


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Qua bi kny, ngi M To Nht lnh hi cyu ch v theo hu T Nam Nhc sut mi nm

trng.

n nh4 cnh gii: a ngc, ngqu, sc sanh, A tula cng u t tm m ra. Bn cnh gii ny, khng

phi i n sau khi cht mi sa a, m ngay trongi sng hin ti ca chng ta cng c xy ra. angc l cnh gii ti tm, si m. Ng qu l loi qu

i, thm thung, khao kht, ham mun vt cht khngcng. Sc sanh l loi sng khng c cng thngo l, n n khng bit phi tri chnh t. A tu la lloi nng ny sn hn qu . Qua 4 loi ny, trongtm thc mi ngi chng ta u c v hin tng

bn ngoi cng r thy. Mi ngi hy tnghim lytrong tng giy pht, xem mnh ang ri vo loi no.

Nh vy, chng ta i trong lun hi ngay khi cnsng. Mun thot lun hi, Pht dy chng ta phi luntnh to sng sut v phi thng xuyn nim Pht.n thin gii cng th. Ngha l cng ttm thc cachng ta m ra. Pht kt thc Php C trn bng mtcu hi c t ra l: Ai kho ging ni Php c(Dhammapada) nh tay th kho nht hoa lm

trng?

45. Bc hu hc chinh phc ca gii62, dimma gii, thin gii63v bc hu hc64kho ging niphp c nhtay thkho65nht hoa lm trng.

62

a gii: (Pathavi) l ch t k hay t thn (Attabhava). BnDhammapada Anh vn ca i c Narada dch, trang 8 c ch thch


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A striver-on the path shall overcome this earth, thisrealm of Yama and this sphere of men and gods. The

striver-on the-path shall bring to perfection the welltaught path of wisdom, as an expert garland-makerwould his floral design.

KTngHu hc nhip a giiDma gii, thin gii

Hu hc ging php c

Nhthkho nht hoa.

Lc gingPht cho chng ta bit ai l ngi chinh phc ca gii, dim ma gii v thin gii. l bc Huhc, tc ba quvThanh

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