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“Konsep Optimasi Penentuan Armada dan Kecepatan

Operasi Kapal Kontainer pada Perusahaan Pelayaran Liner ”

Alyuan Dasira 4208 100 044

PRESENTASI P3 TUGAS AKHIR

Jurusan Teknik Sistem Perkapalan Fakultas Teknologi Kelautan

2012 1

Outline

Pendahuluan

Tinjauan Pustaka

Metodologi

Analisa Dan Pembahasan

Kesimpulan

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PENDAHULUAN SEMAKIN MENINGKATNYA JUMLAH KONTAINER

TRANSPORT

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Sumber :UNCTAD 2007

PENDAHULUAN TINGGINYA FUEL CONSUMPTION KAPAL KONTAINER

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Sumber :AEA Group Energy & Environment (2008)

PENDAHULUAN MENINGKATNYA HARGA BUNKER

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Sumber : AEA Group Energy & Environment (2008) Sumber : AEA Group Energy & Environment (2008)

Sumber :AEA Group Energy & Environment (2008)

PERUMUSAN MASALAH

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2

Bagaimana menentukan armada kapal (jumlah, kapasitas) yang optimal yang dapat melayani suatu demand di perusahaan liner kontainer

Bagaimana menentukan pola pengoperasian armada kapal (kecepatan kapal) yang optimal untuk menurunkan biaya operasi perusahaan liner container

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SOLUTION

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BATASAN MASALAH

1

4

2

6

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BATASAN MASALAH

1

4

2

6

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NODE 2

NODE 1

NODE 1 NODE 2

METODOLOGI

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TAHAP I: (Generating Feasible Routes)

Route number route demand Ship cap

duration Route cost

1 0-1-0 20 60 6 10 2 0-2-0 200 240 4 30 3 0-3-0 260 300 2 40 4 0-1-2-0 240 240 7 30 5 0-1-3-0 - - - - 6 0-2-3-0 - - - - 7 0-1-2-3-0 - - - -

Capacity constraint Time constraint

TAHAP II ( Routes Selection)

• Menggunakan set partitioning problem

• Subject to :

Keterangan, objective function fixed cost dan variabel cost

adalah konstanta yang bernilai 1 jika rute tersebut yang dipilih dan bernilai 0 jika sebaliknya

Constrain : Keterangan, Konstrain kapal dan dan pelabuhan

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ANALISA DAN PEMBAHASAN

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port demand Surabaya (1) 0

Sampit (2) 264 Banjarmasin (3) 481 Balikpapan (4) 567 Pantoloan (5) 677 Makassar (6) 187

MATRIK JARAK HUB AND SPOKE

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surabaya

293 sampit 168 195 banjarmasin 458 440 333 balikpapan 613 485 378 302 pantoloan 458 599 545 188 326 makassar

SHIP AVAILABLE

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ship type capacity speed (knots) Dwt SCR (Kw) Dimensi (LPP,B,T) Main engine Ship A 400 15 4800 3000 100,17.2,6,5 (m) 5S35MC7 Ship B 600 16 7000 4870 115,19.8,7 (m) 5S40ME-B9 Ship C 800 17 9300 6700 130,21.8,7.4 (m) 5S50ME-B8

Ship D 1000 18 11600 8800 140,23,7,6 (m) 6S50MC-

C7/ME-C7

SHIP FUEL CONSUMPTION

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y = 7.7738e0.2801x

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

0 5 10 15 20

SPEED VS FC(kg/jam) 400 Teus

SPEES VS FC

SPEED(knots) DAYA FC (kg/jam) sfoc 1 59.119 10.2867 411.821 2 78.230 13.6120 369.044 3 103.519 18.0123 330.589 4 136.983 23.8350 296.456 5 181.264 31.5400 266.645 6 239.860 41.7357 241.156 7 317.398 55.2273 219.989 8 420.001 73.0801 203.144 9 555.771 96.7042 190.621

10 735.431 127.965 182.42 11 973.168 169.331 178.541 12 1287.756 224.069 178.984 13 1704.038 296.502 183.749 14 2254.889 392.350 192.836 15 2983.809 519.182 206.245 16 3948.360 687.014 223.976 17 5224.715 909.100 246.029 18 6913.666 1202.97 272.404

SHIP FUEL CONSUMPTION

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items

speed mode 1 (port area)

(knots) speed mode 2 (sailing) (knots)

speed mode 3 (port area) (knots)

V1 = 3

V2 = 4 V3 = 5

V1 = 12

V2 = 13 V3 = 14 V4 = 15 V2 = 3 V3 = 4 V4 = 5

Fuel Oil Consumption (kg/jam)($)

10.95

14.49 19.18 136.23 180.2

7 238.55 315.66 10.95 14.49 19.18

total operation

cost ($)

10.95

14.49 19.18 136.23 180.2

7 238.55 315.66 10.95 14.49 19.18

Ship fuel consumption pada node dan kecepatan yang berbeda

IFO 180 cst USD 608 /mt jenis : IFO Density harga : 608/1000 kg (MT) 1 kg = 0.608 USD

FIXED COST

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Items/annual Fixed Cost (US $)

Ship A Ship B Ship C Ship D

Building cost 2800000 4200000 5600000 7000000

crew cost (32%) 896000 1344000 1792000 2240000

insurance cost (30%) 840000 1260000 1680000 2100000

maintenance cost (16%) 448000 672000 896000 1120000

stores and supplies (11%) 308000 462000 616000 770000

Total Fixed cost ($) 5292000 7938000 10584000 13230000

PORT COST

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JENIS BIAYA TIPE KAPAL

A (3600)GT B(5250)GT C (6975)GT D(8700)GT

LABUH 58/GT 208800.00 304500.00 404550.00 504600.00

PANDU

12/GT*325*2

28080000.00 40950000.00 54405000.00 67860000.00

TUNDA

2/GT*Ttetap*jam

57600.00 84000.00 111600.00 139200.00

TAMBAT 48/GT 172800.00 252000.00 334800.00 417600.00

TOTAL(US$) 3133.98 4570.38 6072.08 7573.78

HASIL PERHITUNGAN TAHAP I

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Rancangan Program Program shiprouting.avi

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HASIL PERHITUNGAN TAHAP II No Subset port served by port hasil

2 3 4 5 6 mode 1 mode 2 mode 3 mode 4 1A 1-2-1 1 0 0 0 0 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1B 1-2-1 1 0 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1C 1-2-1 1 0 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1D 1-2-1 1 0 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2B 1-3-1 0 1 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2C 1-3-1 0 1 0 0 0 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2D 1-3-1 0 1 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3B 1-4-1 0 0 1 0 0 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3C 1-4-1 0 0 1 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3D 1-4-1 0 0 1 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4C 1-5-1 0 0 0 1 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4D 1-5-1 0 0 0 1 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5A 1-6-1 0 0 0 0 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5B 1-6-1 0 0 0 0 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5C 1-6-1 0 0 0 0 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5D 1-6-1 0 0 0 0 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6C 1-2-3-1 1 1 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6D 1-2-3-1 1 1 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7D 1-2-4-1 1 0 1 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8D 1-2-5-1 1 0 0 1 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9B 1-2-6-1 1 0 0 0 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9C 1-2-6-1 1 0 0 0 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9D 1-2-6-1 1 0 0 0 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12C 1-3-6-1 0 1 0 0 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12D 1-3-6-1 0 1 0 0 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14C 1-4-6-1 0 0 1 0 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14D 1-4-6-1 0 0 1 0 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 15D 1-5-6-1 0 0 0 1 1 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18D 1-2-3-6-1 1 1 0 0 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Target Cell (Min) Cell Name Original Value Final Value

$Z$371 objective function TRC 4 0 37,164,271.07

KESIMPULAN

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• Dengan menggunakan penyelesaian rumusan set partitioning problem mempunyai karakteristik kapal tertentu sesuai dengan kapasitas kapal dan kecepatan operasinya, dengan pemilihan objective function cost yang paling minimal maka didapat sebesar 37.164.271 US$.

• Metode yang digunakan dalam penyelesaian masalah ini sangat mudah untuk diaplikasikan. Pengembangan armada baru pada perusahaan pelayaran yang belum mempunyai kapal yang sudah dioperasikan sangat cocok.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

• AEA Energy & Evirontment.2008. greenhouse gas emissions from shipping : trend projection and abatement potential

• Christiansen,M., Fagerholt, K., Nygreen, B., Ronen,D. 2007. Maritime Transportation, Handbook OR & MS,Vol.14, Elsevier

• Dinariyana, A.A.B., Yamato, H. Matsukura, H. 2008. Ship routing problem transporting two types of commodities, Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers

• E. Balas and M.W. Padberg. 1976. Set Partitioning: A Survey, SIAM Review, 18, 710-760 • Fagerholt, K.1999. Optimal Fleet Design In A Ship Routing Problem, International

Transaction In Operational Research. Elsevier Science • Mulder, J.2011. Constructing service networks in liner shippin, Erasmus university

Rotterdam. • MAN DIESEL A/S. 2008 . Propulsion Trend In Container Vessel, Copenhagen, Denmark • MAN B&W. 2010. Project Guide S35MC7, Copenhagen, Denmark • Norstad, I., Fagerholt, K., Laporte, G. 2010. Tramp Ship Routing and Schedulling With Speed

Optimization, Transportation Research Part C. Elsevier Science • Paulsen, I C. 2010. Reducing fuel emission by optimizing shipping routes and schedules,

Maritime transport system (MARINTEK)

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA • Powell,B.J, and Perakis A.N.1997. Fleet deployment optimization for liner shipping: an

integer programming mode, maritime policy & management • Ratri, Y. 2010. Analisa Penentuan Rute Pelayaran Petikemas Domestik Berbasis Permintaan,

Bidang Studi Transportasi Laut dan Logistik Teknik Perkapalan FTK-ITS, Surabaya • Render, Barry., Stair, Riph M.,Hanna, Michael E. 2003 .Quantitative Analysis For

Management, Eight Edition, Person Education International • Saut, G. 2011. Strukutur Pembiayaan kapal baru, Handout Kuliah Bisnis Maritim, Teknik

Sistem Perkapalan, FTK-ITS, Surabaya • Saut, G. 2011. Formulasi Biaya Kapal, Handout Kuliah Bisnis Maritim, Teknik Sistem

Perkapalan, FTK-ITS, Surabaya • Sterman, J. D . 1991. A skeptic Guide to computer model , MIT, USA • Supriyono, R.A. 1999. Akutansi Biaya Edisi ke 2, BPFE, Yogyakarta • UNCTAD (2007). 2007 . Review of maritime Transport, United Nation, New York And

Ganeva • Wijayanto,A.Y. 2011 . Optimalisasi Pengoperasian Kecepatan Kapal Untuk Mengurangi

Konsumsi Bahan Bakar Dan Emisi CO2, Teknik Sistem Perkapalan FTK-ITS, Surabaya • www. Pertamina.gov.id • www.meratusline.com

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LOGO

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“Do not go where the path may lead, go instead where there is no path and leave a trail”(Ralp Waldo Emerson)