La Fabricación de Bombas de Ariete

8/12/2019 La Fabricación de Bombas de Ariete

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Ng Lgerkbgbkòo Nabgn cm Eaègscm Grkmtm Jkcrçunkbgs

Xar9 Rtmvm FkesaoMxtmoskaokstg, Gfràbang y Baarckogcar

cmn Xrafrg`g cm Gfrkbuntar g Gfrkbuntar, Bgrankog cmn Oartm

Gfrkbuntar g Gfrkbuntar ms uo prafrg`g cm Ba`pgŊmras cm Ngs G`mrkbgs.Bgrankog cmn Oartm mstç gsabkgca bao ng rmfkòo Babjgegèg cm Eankvkg. @gurkbka

Ug`àrmz Xgrrg ms mn baarckogcar mo Eankvkg. Mstg trgcubbkòo par Iasm Omrks yfrgbkgs tgèkmo g Oamn @grtkomz, Gcrkgo @grtkomz, Nayc y Rgrgj Nmwks, NkocgNmàos, Cmkcrg Jkbds y `k mspasktg, Iucy Fkesao.



Ngs eaègs cm grkmtm jkcrçunkbgs utknkzgo ng komrbkg brmgcg par uo lnuia cmgfug mo uo tuea qum pgrg cm eaèmgr uog parbkòo cmn gfug mo gsbmosa.Ombmsktg tmomr uog bgkcg cm gfug `àok`g cm trms (2) pkms a uo (7) `mtracm uo rkgbjumna. Msta pumcm smr uog bgàcg ogturgn a uog brmgcg par `mckacm uog rmprmsg, a uo ckqum. Mstg bgàcg sm baoabm baà „ng ta`g cmk`punsar.‐ Ng gnturg cmn gfug qum ms eaèmgcg cmscm mn grkmtm gn puota cmusa baoabkca baà „ng motrmfg.‐ cmem smr `gs a `moas cm cas (5) g trms(2) vmbms ng gnturg cm ng ta`g, pgrg `gotmomr uog prmskòo cm rmspgnca mo ngnàomg. @kmotrgs `çs gnta sm eaèmm mn gfug, `moar smrç ng bgotkcgc cmgfug. Mo baockbkaoms cm egia lnuia, mn usa cm tgoqums pmr`ktm rmbafmr agn`gbmogr uog `gyar bgotkcgc cm gfug, pumsta qum ng eaèg luobkaogtaca mn tkm`pa.

Ngs eaègs cm grkmtm lumrao usgcgs mxtmosg`motm mo nas Mstgcas ]okcasùbja gotms cm qum mxkstkmrg mnmbtrklkbgbkòo rurgn. Gbtugn`motm sm usgo mopgàsms mo vàgs cm cmsgrranna y mo zaogs rurgnms caocm ng mnmbtrkbkcgc oa msvkgenm a oa mstg ckspaokenm.

Mstgs eaègs sm pumcm usgr pgrg mn su`kokstra cm gfug g jafgrms,gok`gnms, baùokcgcms m kobnusa pgrg krrkfgbkòo. Ng bgotkcgc cm gfug y nggnturg cm ng cmsbgrfg cmpmocmrç cm ng lumotm cmn gfug y ngs baockbkaoms cmntmrrmoa. Xgrg prapòsktas prçbtkbas mn puota cm cmsbgrfg usugn`motm oacmem smr `gyar cm ckmz (78) vmbms ng gnturg cm ng ta`g, sko mègrfa mngfug pumcm smr eaèmgcg g gnturgs `gyarms mo bkmrtgs sktugbkaoms.



Eaègs cm grkmtm cm gntg luobkaog`kmota, baà ng qum gquà sm knustrg,sao ùy bgrgs. Mstgs sao bgpgbms cm usgr ta`gs `gyarms y cmsbgrfgr g gnturgs ùbja `gyarms. Jgy ckspaokenms eaègs cm grkmtm cm `mckgoaluobkaog`kmota. ]sugn`motm mstço lgerkbgcgs bao X\B (bnarkca cm pankvkokna).]og pmrsaog ckmstrg pumcm lgerkbgr eaègs cm grkmtm, kobnusa ngs cm gntaluobkaog`kmota, bao `gtmrkgnms nabgn`motm ckspaokenms. Jgy ckvmrsas pngomsckspaokenms g trgvës cmn Kotmromt.



Ngs eaègs pumcmo smr cm ckvmrsas tg`gŊas baà ng knustrgcg g ng kzqukmrcg,ng nng`gàs „mn ̀ aostrua.‐ ]sg uo tuea k`punsar cm 3 punfgcgs (785 ``.)y cmsbgrfg 76 fgnaoms (68 nktras) cm gfug par `kouta. ]og eaèg ̀ ubja `gspmqumŊg, baà ng knustrgcg g ng cmrmbjg, cmsbgrfg ùbja `moas. Bao uog ta`gg bkoba (=) pkms (7.=5 `mtras) cmsbgrfg 2/3 cm fgnòo (2 nktras) par `kouta g uoas 5:pkms cm gnturg (:.=2 ̀ mtras.) Xumcm smr mosgèngcg mo mn àstrgcar cm uockstrkeukcar cm pkmzgs cm pna`mràg.



Ng eaèg „àostrua‐ mo gbbkòo, mstç cmsbgrfgoca bumstg grrkeg uoas 76fgnaoms (68 nktras) par `kouta. Rm mstk`g qum utknkbm saerm <= fgnaoms (5:8 nktras)

par `kouta.



Ngs Xgrtms Eçskbgs cm uo

Rkstm`g cm Eaègs cm Grkmtm• ]og lumotm cm gfug y tuemràg cm su`kokstra• ]o bumrpa cm gfug qum pumcm smr ng lumotm cm

gfug pgrg su`kstrgr mn tuea cmn k`punsar. ]otgoqum cm k`punsar a banuòg cm k`punsa (tueavmrtkbgn) tgèkëo pumcm smr utknkzgca.

• Ng eaèg

• Ng tuemrkg a `gofumrg gn puota cm cmsbgrfg ausa



Mstm ckgfrg`g ùmstrg ng lumotm cm gfug skmoca utknkzgcg pgrg supnkr ckrmbtg`motm mn tuea cm k`punsar. Rkstm`gs baà ëstm sao paskenms mormfkaoms bao ùbjgs bgàcgs cm gfug mo rkgbjumnas. Ng ta`g cm k`punsar smaetkmom lçbkn`motm y fmomrgn`motm mo mstgs rmfkaoms sm rmqukmrmo motrmfgsmnmvgcgs.



Mstm ckgfrg`g knustrg uo skstm`g qum utknkzg uo tgoqum cm k`punsar, qum msgnk`motgca par uog tuemràg cm su`kokstra. Xgrg rmcubkr ngs përckcgs par lrkbbkòo cmn lnuia cmn gfug, mn tuea cm su`kokstra ms tàpkbg`motm cm ckç`mtra`gyar qum mn tuea k`punsar qum baombtg ng eaèg. Sgoqums cm k`punsarms

pumcmo smr utknkzgcas pgrg apmrgr `gs cm uog eaèg g ng vmz, sk mn tuea cmsu`kokstra cm gfug ms egstgotm frgocm. Mn tuea cm su`kokstra pumcm smr `gtmrkgn cm egia basta usgca pgrg crmogims. Mo mstm mim`pna mn gfug smutknkzg pgrg uo gbumcubta cm uog a vgrkgs baùokcgcms.

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Ngmotrmfg



Mstm ckgfrg`g knustrg uo skstm`g cm eaèg qum utknkzg uog banuòg cmk`punsa (tuea vmrtkbgn). Msta ms ̀ çs lçbkn cm kostgngr qum uo tgoqum cmk`punsa. Xumsta qum mn gfug cmotra cmn tuea vmrtkbgn oa lnuym pumcmbaofmngrsm y bgusgr lgnngs mo tm`pmrgturgs ùy lràgs. Xar atrg ngca, uoskstm`g cm tgoqums cg ùbjas `moas praenm`gs pumsta qum mn vanu`mocm gfug ms `gyar y ng tm`pmrgturg cmn gfug pmr`gombm `gs gntg curgotmngs jargs `gs lràgs cm ng oabjm. ]o tgoqum sm pumcm utknkzgr tgèkëo mo ngnàomg cm su`kokstra pgrg pmr`ktkr qum mn smck`mota y ng grmog sm gskmotmolumrg cmn gfug gotms qum mstg nnmfum g ng eaèg.

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Sa`g cm k`punsar



]o paza cm rmprmsg pgrg rmuokr gfug pgrg uo skstm`g cm eaèg.Mn tuea cmn su`kokstra krg g uo tgoqum qum sm ùmstrg ko ng skfukmotm lata.



]o tgoqum cm k`punsa. Ng tuemràg cm su`kokstra mstç g ng kzqukmrcg. Rgnkmoca cmntgoqum mstç uo tuea fgnvgokzgca (tuea cm k`punsar) qum gnk`motg uog pmqumŊgeaèg cm grkmtm. Sgèkëo sgnm cmn tgoqum uog tuemràg cm X\B qum vg gn tuea

vmrtkbgn qum gnk`motg atra pmqumŊg eaèg cm grkmtm. Mo mstm bgsa pgrtkbungr mn tgoqum skrvm cm tgoqum cm smck`motgbkòo. Ng lata skfukmotm ùmstrg ngbanuòg cm k`punsa (tuea vmrtkbgn).



]og banuòg cm k`punsa(tuea vmrtkbgn) qum apmrg uogeaèg. Mn tuea cm k`punsamstç motmrrgca mo ng grmog).Aesmrvm ng vçnvung qum bkmrrgmn gfug y tgèkëo ng `gnngmo mn tapm cmn tuea qum mvktgqum ngs jaigs bgkfgo mo mntuea.



]o ckqum a rmprmsg mo uo rkgbjumna. Mstas pumcmo smr cklàbknms cm `gotmomr curgotm gfugbmras lumrtms, ëstm gegstmbk`kmota su`kokstrg gfug ckrmbtg`motmg uog eaèg y g uo tgoqum k`punsar qum `gomig atrg eaèg. Mo ùbjgs çrmgs

nas ckqums a prmsgs sao ombmsgrkas pgrg brmgr uog bgàcg cm gfug.



Ngs Xgrtms Eçskbgs cm ng EaègRao9

• Ng vçnvung cm k`punsa

• Ng vçnvung cm motrmfg• Ng bç`grg cm ba`prmskòo cm gkrm• Ng vçnvung cm sarea u jaya cm sarea



Jgy vgrkgs `gomrgs cm baà mstgs pgrtms sm grrmfngo. Sgèkëo uo tgoqumcm gkrm ba`prk`kca, sk`kngr g nas usgcas mo nas skstm`gs cm eaègs cm pazas,sm pumcm usgr mo nufgr cm ng bç`grg cm ba`prmskòo cm gkrm. Mn prapòskta cm ngvçnvung cm sarea ms gegstmbmr cm gkrm g ng bç`grg cm ba`prmskòo cm gkrm.

Bugoca mn skstm`g apmrg gnfa cm mstm gkrm sm cksumnvm mo mn lnuia cm gfug. Mngkrm mo ng bç`grg skrvm pgrg gàrtkfugr mn mlmbta cm `grtknna cmn gfug bugoca ngvçnvung cmn k`punsar sm bkmrrg.

Mstg eaèg tkmom ngvçnvung cm k`punsa cmgfug gegia. Ng vçnvung cmmotrmfg mstç cmotra cm ng

eaèg (lmbjg frgocm).Ng eaèg tkmom uo tueatrgospgrmotm qum smpumcm vmr mn okvmn cmn gkrmmo ng bç`grg cmba`prmskòo cm gkrm.Aesmrvm ng vçnvung cmsarea (lnmbjg pmqumŊg).Mstgs mstço nabgnkzgcgsgfug grrkeg cm ng vçnvungcm motrmfg.



Mstg eaèg ms cmn `ksà tg`gŊa qum ng gotmrkar, pmra ng vçnvung cm k`punsa mstçmo mn ngca gfug grrkeg. Rm cksmŊg cm `gomrg qum ng vçnvung cm motrmfg y ngpgrtm `òvkn cm ng vçnvung cm k`punsa sm pumcg quktgr lçbkng`motm mo mn sktka

pgrg nk`pkmzg a rmm`pngza.

Mn gfug pgsg mo ngeaèg gquk

\çnvung cm motrmfg

Okofuog vçnvung a jumbacm sarea sm jg kostgngca.Mo mstm bgsa sm pmrlargrçuo jumba cmspuës cm ngkostgngbkòo. Rk ng eaègapmrg sko vkergbkòo smvmrg,

mn jaya cm sarea luobkaoggprapkgcg`motm,gegstmbkmoca mngkrm mo ng bç`grg cm gkrm.Nas tueas trgospgrmotmssao apbkaognms.



Motmocmr Baà ngs Eaègs cm Grkmtm Srgegigo

Xgrg lgerkbgr mxktasg`motm eaègs, ms msmobkgn motmocmr baà luobkaogo.Nas msqum`gs skfukmotms gyucgo g cgr uog mxpnkbgbkòo smobknng y ermvm.

Ngs eaègs jkcrçunkbgs trgegigo `miar y sko kobaovmokmotms sk tkmomo gnfùotkpa cm lkntrgbkòo. Nas lkntras sm pumcmo jgbmr lçbkng`motm bao `gtmrkgnmsbaùoms cm lmrrmtmràg. Mn lkntra g ng kzqukmrcg ms pgrg usa mo ng ta`g cm nglumotm cm gfug. Mn cm ng cmrmbjg sm utknkzg mo mn tgoqum cm k`punsa.





Ng vmnabkcgc cmn gfug jg gu`motgca y ng parbkòo àvkn cm ng vçnvung cmk`punsa m`pkmzg g bmrrgr. Mn tkm`pa mxgbta mo qum msta aburrm cmpmocm cmùbjas lgbtarms baà9 mn ngrfa cmn tuea cm k`punsa, ng gnturg cm ng ta`gcm k`punsa, y mn giustm cm ng gpmrturg `çxk`g cm ng vçnvung cm k`punsa. ]oggpmrturg pmqumŊg utknkzg `moas gfug, y par supumsta, cmsbgrfg `moas gfug.Rko mègrfa, sk mn lnuia cm gfug mo mn rkgbjumna cks`kouym, baà mo pmrkacascm smqukg, ng eaèg sm pumcm giustgr pgrg pmr`ktkr uog apmrgbkòo baotàoug.Mstm msqum`g ùmstrg mn lko cm ng lgsm cm gbmnmrgbkòo.

Mo ng rmgnkcgc, mn lnuia gfug grrkegmo mn tuea cm motrmfg ms baotàoua gbgusg cmn baiào cm gkrm mo ng bç`grgcm ba`prmskòo cm gkrm. Rk mn vanu`mocm gkrm oa ms sulkbkmotm, ng eaègvkergrç y ng motrmfg cm gfug mstgrçmo anmgcgs.



Mstm ckgfrg`g ùmstrg ng lgsm cm motrmfg. Ng gbmnmrgbkòo cmn gfug vmobmng pmsg cm ng pgrtm àvkn cm ng vçnvung cm k`punsa y mn lnuia cm gfug pgrgcm rmpmotm. Mstm gu`motg rmpmotkog`motm ng prmskòo mo mn tuea cm motrmfg y

mn gkrm mo ng bç`grg cm ba`prmskòo. Baà rmsuntgca, ng vçnvung cm motrmfg mslarzgcg g gerkrsm y uog parbkòo cmn gfug ms larzgcg jgbkg grrkeg mo mn tuea cmng motrmfg.

Mn msqum`g ùmstrg uog vçnvungtkpa egtkcar mo ng motrmfg, qum sm pumcmjgbmr lçbkn`motm utknkzgoca uo cksbarmcaoca pmrlargca bao jayas. Ng pgrtm lnmxkenmmstç jmbja cm uo `gtmrkgn lnmxkenm baà bgubjaa vkokna. ]og vçnvung barrkmotms cm rmtmobkòopumcm smr utknkzgcg, oa aestgotm, mn cm tkpa

egtkcar cg gprapkgcg`motm, rmsuntgcas`çs mlkbkmotms y pumcmo smr ùy mbaoò`kbas.



Cmspums cm qum mn gfug pgrg cm rmpmotm, jgy uo mlmbta cm rmeatm. Ngspmrsaogs oatgo ng `ks`g basg bugoca mn gfug sm bartg cm rmpmotm mo uo jafgr.]sugn`motm ësta sm nng`g uo `grtknna cm gfug. Msta pumcm smr ba`pgrgca

bao uog pmnatg cm lùtean qum jg skca pgtmgcg y qum rmeatg cm uog pgrmc cmngcrknna. ]o vgbka ms brmgca y msta pmr`ktm qum ng pgrtm `òvkn cm ng vçnvung cmk`punsa bgkfg. Mstg lgsm ms baùo`motm nng`gcg ng lgsm cm rmtrabmsa ybugoca ng vçnvung sm jgerm bgm ba`pnmtg`motm ng lgsm cm gbmnmrgbkòoba`kmozg. Gsk qum jmàs aesmrvgca uo bkbna ba`pnmta.

Atrg basg submcm curgotm ng lgsm cmrmtrabmsa. Mn vgbka brmgca bgusg qumuog pmqumŊg bgotkcgc cm gkrm smgsubbkaogcg g trgvms cm ng vçnvung u jayacm sarea. Mo mstm msqum`g uo jaya msàstrgca egia ng vçnvung cm motrmfg qum sm

mobumotrg bmrrgcg. Mn gkrm cmem smr sulkbkmotm pgrg rm`pngzgr mn gkrm mo ngbç`grg cm ba`prmskòo qum sm cksumnvmmo mn gfug `kmotrgs qum ng eaèg apmrg.



Mn Suea cm K`punsa,@uy K`partgotm

Mn tuea cm k`punsa ms ùy k`partgotm, kcmgn`motm ms ba`pumstg cm uo`gtmrkgn oa-lnmxkenm baà mn cmn tuea fgnvgokzgca. Rko mègrfa, pgrgmn msqum`g cm skstm`gs cm egig luobkaogcg, sm pumcm utknkzgr msqum`g38 a :8 X\B. Ng eaèg àstrgcg gquk ms uog eaèg cm gntg luobkaogcgbao uog ta`g cm k`punsar cm 3.= `mtras y utknkzg uo tuea k`punsa fgnvgokzgca.

Oatm qum mo mstg eaèggpgrmotm`motm oa tkmom uogbç`grg cm ba`prmskòo cm gkrm.Ng parbkòo jgbkg ng cmrmbjgbaotkmom uog kosmrbkòo cm gkrmba`prk`kca (omu`çtkbg.) Mn`gtmrkgn sko mègrfa oa puca

satmogr ng prmskòo par ùbjatkm`pa y mvmotugn`motm lrgbgsòba`pnmtg`motm.

@ubjas pngoas sufmràgo tueas kotmras cmrumcgs a ekbkbnmtgs ar cm bgrrmtknng, pmrauog vçnvung a jayg cm sarea ms prmlmrkenm.



Mn tuea fgnvgokzgca ms bgràskà. Sueas fgnvgokzgcas qum sm utknkzgo monas bmrbas (cm `gs lkoa mspmsar) sm pumcmo uokr gcmbugcg`motm baà smùmstrg mo mn lata. Mn luobkao`kmota ms bgsk sk`kngr mo gèas. Mn tkm`pa cmnbàbna ms `gs rçpkca bao nas tueas cm k`punsa cm `mtgn. Curgotm ng lgsm cmmotrmfg uog aocg cm bjaqum suem par mn tuea y cmem ckskpgrsm gotms cmnba`kmoza cm ng lgsm cm rmtrabmsa. Mstm aocg cm bjaqum vkgig g ng vmnabkcgccmn saokcgc mo mn gfug. Ng vmnabkcgc cmn saokcgc ms `gs rçpkcg mo mn tueafgnvkokzgca qum mo mn tuea cm X\B. Ng aocg cm bjaqum ms rmlnmigcg cmrmfrmsa cmscm mn gfug mo mn lumotm,tgoqum k`punsa, ar tuea vmrtkbgn gng eaèg. Mstg aocg pacràgrmlnmigrsm cm ng eaèg suekmocapar mn tuea skoa ms cmstgpgcgpar ba`pnmta. Mn ngrfa cmn tueak`punsa cmtmr`kog ng curgbkòocmn bkbna.

Fmomrgn`motm, bao tueas cm `mtgn sm baoskcmrg kcmgn qum mn ngrfa cm mn tueak`punsa smg cm =88 g 788 vmbms mn tg`gŊa cm mn ckç`mtra kotmrkar cmn tueak`punsa y/a = a < vmbms mn cm ta`g k`punsg. Sueas cm X\B pumcm smr uopaba bartas.



@gotmok`kmota cm ngs Eaègs

• Ng skqukmotm smbumobkg pumcm cgr uog kcmg cmbaà ngs eaègs lgerkbgcgs nabgn`motm pumcmosmr baostruàcgs y gnfùoas cm nas praenm`gs qumrmqukmrmo gnfùo `gotmok`kmota rmfungr.

Gcm`çs ng gbuùngbkòo cm ùfrm mo mn tuea cmk`punsa pumcm cks`koukr ng mlkbkmobkg y ms uogeumog kcmg nk`pkgr y moiugfgr mn tuea smfùo smgombmsgrka.

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Mstg ms uog eaèg cm X\B cm egia luobkaog`kmota, uog vmrskòo àcklkbgcgcm 2 punfgcgs cm ng eaèg cm 3 punfgcgs, cksmŊgcg mo ng uokvmrskcgc cmVgrwkbd, Kofngtmrrg. Mstç cms`gotmngcg pmra ngs pkmzgs mstço mo sus

paskbkaoms rmngtkvgs. Oatm qum mstç mo uo egsm cm `gcmrg. Nas pmcgzas cmvgrknng cm baostrubbkòo cm baostrubbkòo sm utknkzgrço pgrg lkigrng mo mn rkgbjumna.Bao uog ta`g cm k`punsa cm 7.= `mtras, mstg eaèg su`kokstg gfug g uogbgotkcgc cm 77 nktras par `kouta g uo nufgr ; `mtras grrkeg. Eaègs cm X\Bbaà mstg oa cmemo smr usgcgs bao ta`gs k`punsgs cm `çs cm 2 `mtras.

Mstg eaèg lum cksmŊgcgpgrg su`kokstrgr sulkbkmotmgfug pgrg mn rkmfa g egigmsbgng cm buntkvas y gcm`gspgrg smr lgerkbgcg mo pgksmscm cmsgranng.

Nas pngoas pgrg ng vmrskòocm 3 punfgcgs mstgo moKotmromt y tkmom kostrubbkaomsmo bugota g baà mbaoa`kzgr ckomra gn jgbmr gnfuoasgbbmsarkas pgrg nas tueas.



Mstgs latas ùmstrgo ng vçnvung cm k`punsa. Mstg jmbjg cm X\B, msqum`g38 y vgrkgs bgpgs cm tuemràg `gs pmqumŊg (X\B pgrg crmogim) bm`motgcgs

iuotgs. Ng pgrtm àvkenm ms cm ngs bgpgs y fkrg saerm uog eksgfgrg qumpmr`ktm qum bgkfg mo nas cas mxtrmàs.

Oatm ngs egocgs lkogs cm X\B cmn tuea cm crmogim qum pumcmo banabgrsmmo caocm `grbg ng lnmbjg pgrg rmcubkr ng ckstgobkg mo caocm ng pgrtmàvkenm bgm. Msta smrç ùtkn bugoca mn lnuia mo mn rkgbjumna ms egia pumstaqum ngs eaèg oa mstgrç usgoca tgotg gfug.



Bao mn tkm`pa y mspmbkgn`motm cmspums cm nas pmrkacas cm ùbjg nnuvkg,smck`kmota cm nnuvkg sm pumcmo nnmfgr g gbuùngr mo ng eaèg. Curgotmkouocgbkaoms sk mn gfug mo ng rkgbjumna buerm ng vçnvung cm k`punsa, ng eaèg

cmig cm apmrgr. Mo mstg lata sm pumcm vmr qum sm rmqukmrg `gotmok`kmotacmspums cm nnuvkgs ùy lumrtms. Guo sk oa juekmrg tkm`pa gcvmrsa, nggbuùngbkòo cm ùfrm rmcubkrç ng mlkbkmobkg.

Oatm ng ùfrm mo mncksba cm ng vçnvung

cm motrmfg mo mncmsgr`gcar y nggrmog y mnsmck`kmotacmpasktgca mo mntuea cm ng vçnvungcm k`punsa.



Mstgs sao vkstgs cm ng vçnvung cm motrmfg cmspums cm nk`pkgrng. Mstg vçnvungusg uo cksba cm gnu`koka cm : ``. cm mspmsar. Nas gfuimras sao cm = ``.

Mn `gtmrkgn lnmxkenm ms ba``mrbkgn, pmra jm utknkzgca vgrkgs bgpgs cm tuea kotmroa.Barrkmotm mstay trgtgoca `gtmrkgn vkoàna pgrg pgrmcms cm pksbkog. Nas gfuimrasmo mn cksba sm g`pnàgo nmvm`motm mo mn ngca apumsta cmn `gtmrkgn lnmxkenm pgrgqum mn lnuia cm gfug smg `gs lçbkn. Xgrg eaègs `gs pmqumŊgs sm pumcmutknkzgr cksbas cm pngstkba. Ng prmskòo cm gfug mo mn tuea cm motrmfg jgrç qumbao tkm`pa mn `gtmrkgn cmn cksba nnmfum g rmtarbmrsm sk oa sm jgbm bao mn `gtmrkgngprapkgca.



Xgrg aetmomr uo smnngca jmr`mtkba msùtkn usgr ̀ gtmrkgn pgrg smnngr iuotgs. Xgrgmstg eaèg ngs parbkaoms rmàvkenms

saostmokcgs iuotgs par egrrgs bao rasbgs.Ngs pgna`knngs sao ùtknms pgrg trgegiarçpkca mo ng eaèg. @ubjas vmbms oa msombmsgrka sgbgrng cmn rkgbjumna.



Mstg eaèg tkmom uo tuea cmk`punsa fgnvgokzgca cm uo punfgcg(5.=3 b`.) Ng ta`g cm k`punsa ms3.= `mtras. Bkoba (=) nktras cm gfug

sm su`kokstrg par uo `kouta g 7<`mtras grrkeg cmn nufgrm cm ngeaèg. Xrmvkg`motm tuvm uokockbgcar cm prmskòo y uog vçnvungcm bartm mo mn tuea cm motrmfg. Baong vçnvung bmrrgcg fmomra :8 psk(:8 nkergs par punfgcg bugcrgcg.)

Msta kockbg qum ng eaèg pumcmmotrmfgr gfug jgstg 7:= pkms (=<.3`mtras.) ]og nkerg par punfgcgbugcrgcg cm gqug mqukvgnmotm g 5.27pkms cm mnmvgbkòo. Sacas saoba`paomotms sao cm `mtgn a X\Bcaenm mspmsar. Baoskcmra qum mstg

cm gntg luobkaog`kmotg. Oòtm qum ngvçnvung cm k`punsa ms uog vçnvung cmbaotran tkpa banu`pka. Ng pgrtmàvkenm cm ng vçnvung fkrg mo uo mimcaocm kockbg ng lmbjg.



Xgrg gciustgr a glkogr mstg eaègtaca na qum ombmsktg jgbmr ms bgèkgr mn çofuna cm ng vçnvung cm k`punsa. Mong paskbkòo mojkmstg, ng pgrtm àvkenmpumcm egigr par ba`pnmta, na qumpmr`ktm mn `gyar lnuia cm gfug.

Bugoca mn lnuia cm gfug mo mn rkgbjumnams egia a sk ng motrmfg cm gfug oa ms ngcmsmgcg, mn çofuna cm ng vçnvung cmk`punsa sm pumcm bgèkgr mo ngckrmbbkòo cm ng lnmbjg (vmg lata.) Mstgpaskbkòo rmstrkofm ng vçnvung cm pmr`ktkr mn lnuia gn `çxkà. Baà rmsuntgca oksm usg, ok sm motrmfg tgotg gfug. ]ogtumrbg uoklar`m cm baotran pumcm smr

usgcg mo caocm kockbg ng lnmbjgpmqumŊg (vmg lata) pgrg `gotmomr mnçofuna cm ng vçnvung.



Mstg ms ng eaèg mo ng lata prmvkg mo ng bugn mstg cms`gotmngcg pgrg nk`pkgr ngvçnvung cm motrmfg. Mstg vçnvung cmekca g qum ms `çs pmqumŊg mo ckg`mtra qumng prk`mrg qum cms`gotmngàs ms bgpgz cm usgr uo cksba cm pnçstkba. Mo mstgeaèg usm trms bgpgs cm tuea kotmroa cm nngotg pgrg ng egtkcar.

Ng vçnvung cm baotran tkpa banu`pka (vçnvung cm rmtmobkòo mo eaobm) usugn`motmsm `gotkmom nkerm cm ùfrm y msbaèras, sko mègrfa gnfuogs vmbms mn pkvatmsm pumcm cmsbgrfgr. ]og qum jkbm sm cmsfgsta cmspums sang`motm smks `msmscm usa. Ng cm mstg eaèg jg curgca ùbja `çs tkm`pa.





Mo vmz cm uog vçnvung, sm pumcm jgbmr uo jaya pmqumŊa. Mstgs latas cmùmstrgcmn jaya cm sarea, gpmogs cmegia cmn cksba cmn ng vçnvung cm motrmfg. Bugoca

mstç mo luobkòo, ùy pabg gfug a prmskòo sm pkmrcm gn bmrrgrsm ng vçnvung cmk`punsa. Sgèkmo prmlkmra banabgr uog pmqumŊg smbbkòo cm tuea X\B saerm mnjaya. Mstm `mtaca ms sk`pnm, y ̀ uy pabg mlkbkmobkg sm pkmrcm. Xrmvkg`motmtmokg uo m`pgqum cm gkrm pgrg mstg eaèg, pmra lgnnò.



Kolar`gbkòo pgrg Baostrukr uogEaèg cm 2 Xunfgcgs (6< ``.)

Ng skfukmotm smrkm cm latas cmàstrgrg gnfuoas pgsask`partgotms y prabmck`kmotas g usgr bugoca sm lgerkqumoeaègs nabgn`motm. Xgrg mstg eaèg, uo tuea cm k`punsacm 5 punfgcas (=7 ``.) a 2 punfgcas (6< ``.) sm pumcmusgr. Rk ng ta`g ms 7.= `mtra a `moas, mn tuea cm 5punfgcas ms `miar. Rk ng ta`g ms `gs qum 7.= `mtras, mntuea cm 2 punfgcas sm pumcm usgcg.



Wukzgs na qum `çs tkm`pa baosu`m gn lgerkbgr uog eaèg baà mstg ms mnlgerkbgr ng vçnvung cm motrmfg.

Xrk`mra sm bartg mn cksba pgrg ng vçnvung.Ms msmotkgn tmomr uo tgngcra cm prmosg. Ngbartgcarg cm jaygs qum sm ùmstrg trgegigekmo y ms eumog parqum jgbmrsm cksbas cmbugnqukmr tg`gŊa. Mn cksba ombmsktgrg motrgr giustgca cmotra cmn tuea cmn gbbmsarka X\B.Nas pmrlargcarms cm gfuimras barrkmotms

baà mn raia g ng cmrmbjg sm pumcmo utknkzgr pmra oa skm`prm bartg mn cksba gn tg`gŊabarrmbta.

Rm pmfg uog pngotknng cm pgpmn gn cksba bao bkotggcjmskvg. [a usm ng pngotknng cm ng uokvmrskcgc cmVgrwkbd pgrg ng eaèg cm 3 punfgcas, pmra ng jkzm`çs pmqumŊg bao uo ba`pçs pgrg qum trgegigrgmo ng eaèg cm 2 punfgcas.



Numfa, bukcgcasg`motm utknkzm uopmrlargcar, y uog erabg pknata pgrg jgbmr jayas pknatas. [a utknkza uo taroknna pgrgsuimtgr mn cksba g uo pmcgza cm tgengfrumsa, pgrg motaobms egrrmogr nas jayas.Ms ùy k`partgotm smnmbbkaogr ng vmnabkcgccm ng erabg cm gbumrca bao ng vmnabkcgcrmba`mocgcg pgrg mn `gtmrkgn y mn tg`gŊacm ng egrrmog. Gn usgr mn pmcgza cm tgengbao mn taroknna, oa ms ombmsgrka suimtgr mncksba bgcg vmz qum sm egrrmom uo jayg.Mn tg`gŊa cm ng erabg ms 72/<3 (= ``.)



Cmspums cm bartgrsm mn cksmŊa, mn cksbasm tkmom qum nk`pkgr bao uog nk`g.Sgèkëo usm uog egrrmog uo paba `çsfrgocm pgrg g`pnkgr nas jayas mo mncksba gn ngca apumsta cmn `gtmrkgnlnmxkenm. Msta rmcubm ng lrkbbkòo bugocang gfug lnuym par nas jayas.

Ms ùy k`partgotm utknkzgr uog pngotknngpgrg gbaàcgr nas jayas barrmbtg`motm.Rm cmem usgr uog pmrsaog qum smgpgbkmotm y qum tmofg eumog vkstg pgrg`grbgr nas jayas bao mn pmrlargcar.



Numfa mn `gtmrkgn pgrg egtkcar sm `grbg baouo ba`pçs a usgoca uo gbbmsarka cm tueapgrg fukg y bartmna bukcgcasg`motm. Mstaytrgtgoca uo `gtmrkgn oumva cm vkokna cmpksbkog.

]og pkmzg pmqumŊg cm tuea X\B msegrrmogcg bukcgcasg`motm, y utknkzgocatumrbgs cm smfurkcgc suimrtm nas egtkcarmsgn cksba.

Curgotm ng lgsm cm motrmfg, mn gfug m`puignas egtkcarms jgbkg glumrg. Mstas cmemocmspmigr sko tabgr nas baotaroas cmn kotmrkar cmn tuea.

Xgrg mstg vçnvung, msbafk 2 bgpgs. Mn `gtmrkgn

cmem pacmr rmskstkr ng prmskòo mo mn tuea cmmotrmfg sko qum smg m`puigca cm vumntgsgtrgvms cm nas jaygs mo mn cksba cm ng vçnvungcm motrmfg.



Xgrg jgbmr bartms rmbtas mo ng pgrtm mxtmrkar cm ng vçnvung cm k`punsa, uog skmrrg bkrbungr cm prmskòo (`ktmr sgw) ms ùy ùtkn. Xgrg`grbgr uo nkomg rmbtg, utkbkbm uo okvmn cmbgrpkotmrkg mo uo pksa pngoa. Bukcgca-sg`motm utknkbm uo bartgcar cm jaygs pgrgjgbmr nas jayas mo ng vçnvung cm k`punsa.Mstm cksmoa tkmom = jayas. Rm pumcm jgbmr cklkbkn egrrmrgr mn tuea X\B sko cmsfgrrgrna.Xar msa, utknkbm uog prmosg. Sgèkëo smpumcm suimtgr bao uog bumrcg mnçstkbg.



Xgrg ng pgrtm àvkenm cm ng vçnvung cmk`punsa, smbbkaoms pmqumŊgs cmn tueasm bm`motgo iuotas. Rm pumcm utknkzgr ng pgrtm mxtmrog baà àncm pgrgaetmomr uog `mckcg bgsk mxgbtg.Bugoca ng pgrtm àvkenm cm ngs vçnvungbkmrrg nas jayas cm ng pgrtm mxtmrog, uosmnna eumoa sm lar`g.

Cmspums qum mn bm`mota sm smbg, ngpkmzg sm ̀ grbg bukcgcasg`motm. Xgrgmstm cksmŊa, ng gobjurg `çxk`g ms<8 ``.



Ng pgrtm àvkenm cm ng vçnvung cm k`punsams rmbartgca mo uog skmrrg cm `msg mo ng`grbg cm <8 ``. cm gobjurg. ¡Msta ms

pmnkfrasa! ¡Smofg bukcgca! Rmfukcg-`motm sm bmotrgnkzg y sm prmosgcg mo mnkotmrkar cm ng pgrtm mxtmrog cm ng vçnvung.]og egrrmog cm 7=/<3 punfgcg (< ``.)ms utknkzgcg pgrg pmrlargr cas jayas mongca kzqukmrca gtrgvms cm gèas ng pgrtmcm glumrg, y ng pgrtm àvkenm. Numfa ng

pgrtm àvkenm sm rmùmvm y sus jayassao g`pnkgcas bao uog egrrmog uo paba`çs frgocm. Cm mstg lar`g, ng pgrtmàvkenm sm pacrg cmsknkzgr mo ng fukgbmotrgn y fkrgr mo uo taroknna. Oatm qum ngpgrtm àvkenm mstg `grbgcg pgrg uormbartm lkogn. Ng lar`g mo „\‐ mo ngca

kzqukmrca ms mn puota cm fkra. Mn jaya`grbgca mo ng cmrmbjg ms pgrgbaombtgrnm uog pmsg.



Oatm qum ng pgrtm àvkenm cm ng vçnvungcm k`punsa fkrg mo uo taroknna cm 7/3punfgcg (< ``.), y qum pumcm egigr gpraxk`gcg`motm uo b`. Sgèkëo

oatm qum mn tuea utknkzgca pgrg ng pgrtmàvkenm oa ms ba`pnmtg`motm nksa,baotrgrka gn tuea utknkzgca pgrg ng pgrtmmxtmrkar. Rmrç ombmsgrka tmomr uo tueaegstgotm nksa mo mn mxtmrkar pgrglar`m uo eumo smnna.

Saroknna cmfkra

Saroknnafukg

Oatm qum ng pmsg ms suimtgcgbao uo taroknna mspmbkgn ng bugnpmr`ktm qum ng pgrtm àvkenmbgkfg.

Xmsg jmbjg cmncksba gnu`koka



Ngc pgrtms sm sastkmomo iuotgs bao bm`mota X\B a uo skstm`g cm prmosgr jmbjacm `gcmrg cm gntg bgnkcgc, bao jayas jmbjas bao bartgcar cm gfuimras y vgrknngsbao rasbgs a taroknnas ekmo ngrfas. Ngs uokaoms mo ng lata g ng kzqukmrcg qum oa

mstgo bm`motgcgs, par qum tmocrmàs qum cmsgr`gr pgrg nk`pkgr, mtb. Mstgokockbgcgs par ngs lnmbjgs. Mo mstm mim`pna mn ngca cm motrmfg cm ng eaèg mstgmqukpgca bao uo gbbmsarka cm tuea omfra pngstkba cm uo punfgcg. Ng pkmzg cm`gcmrg àstrgcg mo ng lata g ng cmrmbjg ms suimtgcg par uog smbbkòo cm tuea cmX\B pgrtkca y bm`motgca mo ng pgrtm mxtmrkar cm ng vçnvung cm k`punsa. Mn jayacm sarea smrç kostgngca cmspums qum sm banafum ng eaèg ko mn rkgbjumna.



Jaya pgrg mntaroknna cm fkra

Jaya pgrgfukg

Xngo pgrg ng pgrtm mxtmrog cm ng vçnvung cm k`punsa. Mstçjmbjg cm uo tuea X\B msqum`g 38 cm 2 punfgcgs. Msk`partgotm utknkzgr uo tuea qum smg nksa mo ng pgrtm kotmrkar.



Jaya pgrg ng pmsg cm ngvçnvung cm k`punsa

Xngo pgrg ng pgrtm àvkenm cm ng vçnvung cm k`punsa. Mn jaya pgrg mn puotacm fkra y mn jaya pgrg mn taroknna cm fukg sm egrrmogo a tgngcrgo bao mstgpkmzg prmosgcg gn kotmrkar cm ng pgrtm mxtmrkar, y sm g`pnkgo bao egrrmoas atgngcras cm tg`gŊa uo paba `çs frgocms.

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La Fabricación de Bombas de Ariete