Ingenieriacutea13 del13 Paisaje13 en13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 para13 un13

crecimiento13 sostenible

Landscape13 and13 water13 can13 work13 together13 forsafe13 and13 sustainable13 growth

Cartagena13 de13 Indias13 Colombia13 Agosto13 201313 13 13 August13 13 2013

Ingenieriacutea13 del13 Paisaje13 en13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 para13 un13 crecimiento13 sostenible13 Un13 modelo13 integral13 para13 Cartagena13 de13 Indias13 Colombia

Landscape13 and13 water13 can13 work13 together13 for13 safe13 and13 sustainable13 growth13 Envisioning13 an13 integral13 model13 for13 Cartagena13 de13 Indias13 Colombia13

Autores13 13 13 AuthorsKarina13 Pentildea13 Field13 FactorsWillem13 Jonathan13 Kok13 Field13 Factors

Junto13 con13 13 13 Together13 with13 13 Ma9hijs13 Kok13 HKV13 Consultants

Agradecimientos13 13 13 Acknowledgments13 Carlos13 Alberto13 Candela13 Bello13 13 Corporacioacuten13 de13 Turismo13 de13 Cartagena13 Irvin13 Peacuterez13 Muntildeoz13 Corporacioacuten13 de13 Turismo13 de13 CartagenaVictoria13 Eugenia13 Yances13 Origen13 Arquitectura13 (Cartagena)Merly13 Beltraacuten13 Vargas13 13 TuCultura13 (Cartagena)Andreacutes13 Felipe13 Ordontildeez13 Hotel13 Las13 Ameacutericas13 (Cartagena)Walter13 Luna13 property13 owner13 (Cartagena)Master13 Students13 in13 Civil13 Engineering13 TU13 DelW13

Agosto13 201313 13 13 August13 2013

2

Cartagena13 es13 la 13 quinta13 ciudad13 maacutes13 grande13 de13 Colombia13 y13 la13 segunda13 de13 la13 regioacuten13 despueacutes13 de13 Barranquilla13 Cartagena13 es13 uno13 de13 los13 centros 13 econoacutemicos13 maacutes13 importantes13 del13 paiacutes13 debido13 a13 su13 fuerte13 industria13 turiacutes_ca13 y13 a13 la 13 industria13 pesada13 relacionada13 con13 la13 petroquiacutemica13 y13 la13 construccioacuten13 naval13 entre13 otros

Su13 situacioacuten13 geograacutefica13 su13 clima13 tropical13 y13 sus13 ricos13 ecosistemas13 naturales13 junto13 con13 la13 belleza13 singular13 de13 su13 arquitectura13 colonial13 la13 convierten13 en13 un13 atrac_vo13 des_no13 turiacutes_co13 tanto13 nacional13 como13 internacional13 Cartagena13 fue13 declarada13 Patrimonio13 de13 la13 Humanidad13 por13 la13 UNESCO13 desde13 1988

Hoy13 este13 nuacutecleo13 de13 comercio13 se13 enfrenta13 a13 amenazas13 importantes13 subida13 del13 nivel13 del13 mar13 tormentas13 maacutes13 fuertes13 erosioacuten13 costera13 inundaciones13 frecuentes13 y13 otros13 problemas13 causados13 por13 el13 cambio13 climaacute_co13 Si13 no13 se13 a_enden13 estos13 eventos13 podriacutean13 afectar13 la13 economiacutea13 local13 la13 biodiversidad13 y13 la13 calidad13 de13 vida13 en13 Cartagena13 Por13 lo13 tanto13 la 13 toma13 de13 accioacuten13 es13 urgente13 para13 asegurar13 este13 lugar13 uacutenico

En13 colaboracioacuten13 con13 organizaciones13 locales13 e13 internacionales13 junto13 con13 el 13 gobierno13 municipal13 y13 nacional13 se13 han13 realizado13 varios13 anaacutelisis13 y13 estudios13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 estos13 temas13 urgentes13 tales13 como13 Construyendo13 con13 la 13 Naturaleza13 (Deltares13 2012)13 asiacute13 como13 la 13 realizacioacuten13 de13 un13 Informe13 sobre13 la13 Evaluacioacuten13 de13 la13 vulnerabilidad13 que13 se13 resume13 en13 los13 lsquoLineamientos13 para13 la13 Adaptacioacuten13 al13 Cambio13 Climaacuteco13 (CDKN13 -shy‐13 INVEMAR13 Colombia13 febrero13 2013)

Tomando13 los13 estudios13 citados13 como13 marco13 y13 fundamento13 el13 ingeniero13 Ma9hijs13 Kok13 y13 Karina13 Pentildea13 especialista 13 en13 Paisaje13 y13 Turismo13 expertos13 de13 HKV13 Consultores 13 y13 Field13 Factors13 han13 visitado13 recientemente13 Cartagena13 con13 la13 misioacuten13 de13 sumergirse13 en13 el13 es_lo13 de13 vida13 del13 Caribe13 y13 obtener13 una13 visioacuten13 integral13 sobre13 los13 principales 13 problemas13 y13 oportunidades13 presentes13 en13 la13 regioacuten13 Su13 exploracioacuten13 se13 ha13 basado13 principalmente13 en13 la13 observacioacuten13 la13 interaccioacuten13 y13 el13 cues_onamiento13 a13 la13 comunidad13 local13 expertos13 y13 dis_ntos13 stakeholders13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 comprender13 las13 dinaacutemicas13 y13 loacutegicas13 locales 13 que13 configuran13 esta13 ciudad13 costera

3

Cartagena13 is 13 the13 fiWh-shy‐largest13 city13 in13 Colombia13 and13 the13 second13 largest13 in13 the13 region13 aWer13 Barranquilla13 Cartagena13 is13 one13 of13 Colombiarsquos13 most13 important13 centers 13 of13 economic13 ac_vity13 due13 to13 its13 robust13 na_onal13 and13 interna_onal13 tourist13 industry13 as13 well13 as13 its13 heavy13 industry13 involving13 petrochemicals13 and13 ship13 building13 among13 others13

Its13 geographical13 loca_on13 its 13 tropical13 climate13 and13 its 13 rich13 natural13 ecosystems13 and13 biodiversity13 together13 with13 unique13 colonial13 architecture13 make13 it13 an13 a9rac_ve13 tourist13 des_na_on13 both13 na_onal13 and13 interna_onal13 Cartagena13 was13 declared13 a13 World13 Heritage13 Site13 by13 UNESCO13 since13 1988

Today13 this13 trading13 hub13 faces13 important13 threats13 from13 sea13 level13 rise13 heavier13 storms13 erosion13 flooding13 and13 other13 problems13 caused13 by13 the13 changing13 climate13 If13 leW13 unaddressed13 these13 events13 could13 set13 back13 the13 local13 economy13 biodiversity13 and13 quality13 of13 life13 in13 Cartagena13 Therefore13 ac_on13 is13 urgent13 to13 secure13 this13 unique13 place13

Several13 analysis13 and13 studies13 have13 been13 developed13 addressing13 these13 urgent13 topics13 as13 collabora_ons13 of13 local13 and13 interna_onal13 organiza_ons13 together13 with13 the13 municipal13 and13 na_onal13 government13 such13 as13 lsquo13 Building13 with13 Naturersquo13 (Deltares)13 as13 well13 as13 a13 reportrsquos13 vulnerability13 assessment13 summarized13 in13 lsquoGuidelines13 for13 Adapta_on13 to13 Climate13 Changersquo13 (CDKN13 and13 INVEMAR13 Colombia13 February13 2013)13

With13 the13 previous13 men_oned13 studies13 as13 founda_on13 and13 framework13 engineer13 Ma9hijs 13 Kok13 and13 Landscape13 Specialist13 Karina13 Pentildea13 experts13 from13 HKV13 Consultants 13 and13 Field13 Factors13 have13 recently13 visited13 Cartagena13 with13 the13 mission13 to13 immerse13 in13 the13 caribbean13 life-shy‐style13 while13 geong13 an13 insight13 on13 the13 main13 problems13 and13 opportuni_es13 present13 in13 the13 area13 These13 explora_ons13 have13 been13 mainly13 based13 on13 observa_on13 interac_on13 and13 ques_oning13 the13 local13 community13 experts13 and13 different13 stakeholders13 in13 order13 to13 understand13 the13 local13 driving-shy‐logics13 of13 the13 city13

Un13 modelo13 integral13 para13 Cartagena13 de13 Indias13 Envisioning13 an13 integral13 model13 for13 Cartagena13 de13 Indias

INTRODUCCIOacuteNINTRODUCTION

4

Los13 resultados13 de13 esta 13 inves_gacioacuten13 han13 sido13 compuestos13 en13 la13 formulacioacuten13 de13 un13 enfoque13 conceptual13 para13 abordar13 los13 principales13 problemas13 que13 amenazan13 la13 costa13 de13 Cartagena13 Con13 el13 fin13 de13 traducir13 las13 medidas13 de13 mi_gacioacuten13 en13 soluciones13 concretas13 se13 ha13 seleccionado13 un13 aacuterea13 de13 estudio13 especiacutefico13 la13 Peniacutensula13 de13 Bocagrande

En13 la13 Peniacutensula13 de13 Bocagrande13 zona13 de13 estudio13 selecionada13 y13 principal13 centro13 turiacutes_co13 de13 Cartagena13 es13 donde13 se13 encuentran13 los13 mayores13 desarrollos13 hoteleros13 y13 alojamientos13 turiacutes_cos13 de13 la13 regioacuten13 Esta13 zona13 que13 actualmente13 se13 enfrenta13 a13 graves13 problemas13 de13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 recurrentes 13 inundaciones13 _ene13 el13 potencial13 de13 reconectar13 con13 la13 espectacular13 belleza13 de13 la13 an_gua13 ciudad13 entremuros13 pudiendo13 tener13 un13 paseo13 mariacute_mo13 vibrante13 y13 seguro

Imaginamos13 Cartagena13 como13 una13 suma13 de13 iden_dades13 que13 ofrece13 muacutel_ples13 experiencias13 donde13 turistas13 y13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo

En13 este13 documento13 se13 presenta13 un13 enfoque13 conceptual13 para13 mi_gar13 los13 problemas13 de13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 las13 inundaciones 13 en13 la 13 peniacutensula13 de13 Bocagrande13 lo13 cual13 podriacutea13 tener13 un13 impacto13 posi_vo13 en13 el 13 futuro13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_co13 y13 econoacutemico13 de13 Cartagena13 al13 mismo13 _empo13 que13 mejorariacutea13 la13 calidad13 de13 vida13 de13 sus13 residentes

La 13 intencioacuten13 de13 las13 medidas13 y13 esquemaacute_cas13 soluciones13 de13 disentildeo13 e13 ingenieriacutea 13 que13 se13 muestran13 es13 ilustrar13 un13 posible13 escenario13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 en13 la13 costa13 de13 Cartagena13

Con13 este13 documento13 esperamos13 inspirar13 a13 las13 autoridades13 locales13 y13 stakeholders13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 planes13 municipales13 y13 acciones13 basados13 en13 soluciones13 integrales13 que13 a13 largo13 plazo13 puedan13 transformar13 sus13 problemas13 costeros13 en13 poderosas13 oportunidades13 para13 un13 desarrollo13 local13 sostenible

The13 results13 have13 been13 compound13 in13 the13 formulaon13 of13 a13 conceptual13 approach13 to13 address13 the13 main13 coastal13 problems13 threatening13 Cartagena13 In13 order13 to13 translate13 migaon13 measures13 into13 conceptual13 soluons13 a13 specific13 study13 area13 has13 been13 chosen13

The13 peninsula13 of13 Bocagrande13 the13 focus13 study13 area13 and13 Cartagenarsquos13 major13 tourist13 hub13 is13 where13 the13 largest13 hotel13 developments13 and13 tourism13 accommodaons13 of13 the13 region13 are13 located13 This13 area13 currently13 facing13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 recurrent13 flooding13 can13 be13 reconnected13 to13 the13 incredible13 beauty13 of13 the13 old13 city13 while13 enabling13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 13

We13 envision13 Cartagena13 as13 a13 sum13 of13 different13 idenes13 with13 mulple13 experiences13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 Caribbean13 atmosphereThis13 document13 presents13 a13 conceptual13 approach13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 the13 Peninsula13 of13 Bocagrande13 which13 could13 have13 a13 posive13 impact13 in13 the13 future13 tourism13 and13 economic13 development13 while13 improving13 the13 quality13 of13 live13 for13 its13 residents

The13 intenon13 of13 the13 measures13 and13 schemac13 designengineering13 soluons13 shown13 here13 is13 to13 illustrate13 a13 possible13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 scenario13 13

With13 this13 document13 we13 hope13 to13 inspire13 the13 local13 authories13 and13 decision-shy‐makers13 to13 forthcoming13 municipal13 plans13 and13 acons13 including13 integral13 soluons13 which13 overme13 turn13 their13 coastal13 problems13 into13 powerful13 opportunies13 for13 the13 local13 sustainable13 development13

Un13 modelo13 integral13 para13 Cartagena13 de13 IndiasEnvisioning13 an13 integral13 model13 for13 Cartagena13 de13 Indias

INTRODUCCIOacuteNINTRODUCTION

5

Mapa13 de13 Cartagena13 13 13 13 Map13 of13 Cartagena13 13

centro13 histoacuterico

marina

puerto13 industrial

Bocagrande

zonas13 industriales

historic13 centre

marina

industrial13 port

Bocagrande

industrial13 areas

6

Cartagena13 vida13 y13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 13 13 Cartagena13 life13 and13 public13 space

7

zona13 de13 estudiostudy13 area

Aacutereas13 de13 vulnerabilidad13 socio-shy‐econoacutemicas13 afectadas13 por13 problemas13 costeros13 13 13 Socio-shy‐economic13 vulnerability13 areas13 affected13 by13 coastal13 problems

8

Inundaciones13 en13 Cartagena13 13 13 13 Flood13 events13 in13 Cartagena

El13 Laguito

Playas13 de13 Bocagrande

9

CasPllo13 Grande

Aacuterea13 de13 estudio13 Bocagrande13 13 13 13 13 Study13 area13 Bocagrande

Sistema13 de13 drenaje13 inadecuado13 acumulacioacuten13 de13 agua13 durante13 marea13 alta13 o13 lluvias13 fuertesLand13 vs13 sea13 level13 too13 low

Insuficiente13 13 proteccioacuten13 costeraInadequate13 urban13 drainage13 system13 water13 stays13 in13 during13 sea13 level13 rise13 or13 rain

Nivel13 de13 calle13 vs13 nivel13 del13 mar13 muy13 bajoInsufficient13 coastal13 protecon

10

Principales13 causas13 de13 inundaciones13 en13 Bocagrande13 13 Main13 causes13 of13 flood13 events13 in13 Bocagrande

11

Ilustracioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 en13 Bocagrande13 causada13 por13 el13 aumento13 del13 nivel13 del13 marIllustraon13 of13 flood13 in13 Bocagrande13 caused13 by13 sea13 level13 rise

Seguridad13 Mul-shy‐Capa12

El13 concepto13 central 13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca13 revisada13 de13 seguridad13 del13 13 agua13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 se13 basa13 en13 seguridad13 mulcapa13 En13 este13 concepto13 la13 seguridad13 se13 garan_za13 a13 traveacutes13 de13 muacutel_ples13 capas

113 La13 primera13 capa 13 es13 la13 prevencioacuten13 de13 inundaciones13 mediante13 diques13 dunas13 y13 defensas 13 frente13 a13 tormentas13 y13 e13 inundaciones13 (maacutes13 soacutelidaa 13 y13 enfocada13 en13 el13 futuro)13 La13 prevencioacuten13 sigue13 siendo13 el13 pilar13 principal13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca

213 La 13 segunda13 capa13 es13 lograr13 un13 planeamiento13 sostenible13 del13 territorio13 La13 planificacioacuten13 cuidadosa13 (eleccioacuten13 de13 la13 ubicacioacuten13 y13 usos13 de13 la13 _erra)13 puede13 limitar13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados13 y13 la13 dimensioacuten13 del13 dantildeo13 en13 caso13 de13 inundacioacuten13 Como13 resultado13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 jugaraacute13 un13 papel13 maacutes13 importante13 en13 las 13 consideraciones13 y13 decisiones13 rela_vas13 a13 la13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio

313 La 13 tercera13 capa13 es13 la13 ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 si13 se13 produce13 una13 inundacioacuten13 Una13 buena13 preparacioacuten13 es13 esencial13 para13 ser13 capaz13 de13 responder13 de13 manera13 efec_va13 a13 un13 desastre13 de13 inundacioacuten13 La 13 preparacioacuten13 tambieacuten13 ayuda13 a13 limitar13 el13 grado13 de13 dantildeo13 y13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados

(fuente13 Programa13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

The13 central13 concept13 for13 the13 revised13 water13 safety13 policy13 in13 The13 Netherlands13 is13 formed13 by13 lsquomul-shy‐layer13 safetyrsquo13 In13 this13 concept13 safety13 is13 assured13 through13 mulple13 layers

113 The13 first13 layer13 is13 the13 prevenon13 of13 floods13 through13 strong13 dikes13 dunes13 and13 storm13 and13 flood13 water13 defenses13 (more13 robust13 and13 future-shy‐focused)13 Prevenon13 remains13 the13 primary13 pillar13 of13 the13 policy

213 The13 second13 layer13 is13 achieving13 sustainable13 town13 and13 country13 planning13 Careful13 town13 planning13 (choice13 of13 locaon13 and13 land13 use13 issues)13 can13 limit13 the13 numbers13 affected13 and13 amount13 of13 damage13 if13 flooding13 does13 occur13 As13 a13 result13 the13 flood13 risk13 will13 play13 a13 bigger13 role13 in13 consideraons13 and13 decisions13 relang13 to13 town13 and13 country13 planning

313 The13 third13 layer13 is13 disaster13 management13 if13 a13 flood13 occurs13 Good13 preparaon13 is13 essenal13 to13 be13 able13 to13 respond13 effecvely13 to13 a13 flood13 disaster13 Preparaon13 will13 also13 help13 to13 limit13 the13 amount13 of13 damage13 and13 the13 numbers13 affected

(source13 Programma13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

Mul13 Layer13 SafetyPrevencioacuten13 de13 inundacionesPrimary13 flood13 defense

Planeamiento13 del13 territorioSpaal13 planning

Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 Disaster13 management

1

2

3

Meacutetodo13 de13 referencia13 13 13 13 13 13 Reference13 approach

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

13

Se13 propone13 un13 enfoque13 desde13 la 13 ingenieriacutea 13 del13 paisaje13 como13 un13 meacutetodo13 integral13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 costeros13 que13 sufre13 Cartagena13 Este13 enfoque13 combina13 teacutecnicas13 duras 13 y13 blandas13 basadas13 en13 soluciones13 de13 ingenieriacutea 13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 costera 13 integrada13 con13 los13 valores13 naturales13 y13 sociales 13 del13 lugar13 El13 resultado13 es13 una13 solucioacuten13 integral13 que13 permite13 un13 ambiente13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 donde13 los13 turistas13 y13 los13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo13 de13 Cartagena

En13 este13 estudio13 conceptual13 se13 han13 iden_ficado13 tres13 medidas13 principales13 que13 pueden13 reducir13 tanto13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 como13 las13 inundaciones13 al13 _empo13 que13 mejoran13 el13 turismo13 de13 playa13 en13 Bocagrande

113 Reposicioacuten13 de13 arenaLa13 reposicioacuten13 arena13 es13 una13 medida13 que13 se13 aplica13 con13 eacutexito13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 para13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 Cada13 antildeo13 una13 reducida13 parte13 del13 presupuesto13 de13 mantenimiento13 de13 las 13 defensas13 contra13 inundaciones13 se13 des_na13 a13 esta13 medida13 El13 resultado13 es13 un13 paiacutes13 seguro13 con13 playas13 hermosas

213 Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorioLa13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 es13 el13 segundo13 tema13 clave13 en13 Bocagrande13 Mediante13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 espacios13 puacuteblicos13 y13 privados13 se13 puede13 crear13 un13 entorno13 atrac_vo13 y13 algunos13 elementos13 del13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 pueden13 ser13 integrados13 en13 las13 medidas13 de13 reduccioacuten13 del13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 como13 por13 ejemplo13 un13 boulevard

313 Construccioacuten13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 contra13 inundacionesEl13 tercer13 elemento13 clave13 es13 el13 uso13 de13 construcciones 13 duras13 en13 combinacioacuten13 con13 medidas13 suaves13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 A13 modo13 de13 ejemplo13 en13 un13 resort13 de13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 un13 garaje13 y13 un13 dique13 se13 integran13 dentro13 de13 una13 duna13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

A13 landscape-shy‐engineering13 approach13 is13 proposed13 as13 an13 integral13 method13 to13 address13 the13 coastal13 problems13 in13 Cartagena13 This13 approach13 combines13 so13 and13 hard13 techniques13 based13 in13 engineering13 soluons13 for13 coastal13 protecon13 integrated13 within13 the13 natural13 and13 social13 values13 of13 the13 place13 It13 results13 in13 an13 integral13 soluon13 that13 enables13 a13 safe13 and13 livable13 environment13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 caribbean13 atmosphere13 of13 Cartagena13

In13 this13 conceptual13 study13 three13 main13 measures13 has13 been13 idenfied13 that13 may13 reduce13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 flood13 while13 improving13 beach13 tourism13 in13 Bocagrande

113 Sand13 nourishmentSand13 nourishment13 is13 a13 measure13 which13 is13 successfully13 applied13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 to13 reduce13 the13 flood13 risk13 Every13 year13 a13 small 13 budget13 of13 the13 maintenance13 costs13 of13 flood13 defenses13 is13 spent13 on13 it13 The13 result13 is13 a13 safe13 country13 and13 beauful13 beaches

213 Spaal13 planning13 Spaal13 planning13 is13 the13 second13 key13 issue13 in13 Bocagrande13 By13 developing13 public13 and13 private13 spaces13 an13 a^racve13 environment13 can13 be13 created13 and13 some13 of13 the13 elements13 of13 the13 public13 space13 can13 be13 integrated13 with13 reducon13 of13 flood13 risk13 for13 example13 a13 boulevard

313 Hard13 and13 sogt13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 proteconThe13 third13 key13 element13 is13 the13 use13 of13 hard13 construcon13 in13 combinaon13 with13 so13 coastal13 measures13 As13 an13 example13 in13 one13 of13 the13 resorts13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 a13 garage13 and13 a13 dike13 is13 combined13 within13 a13 dune13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

Ingenieriacutea13 del13 paisaje13 en13 la13 proteccioacuten13 del13 litoral13 13 13 13 13 13 Landscape-shy‐engineering13 on13 coastal13 protecon

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

Reposicioacuten13 de13 arena1

14

La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 _ene13 como13 obje_vo13 recuperar13 el13 balance13 sedimentario13 mediante13 el13 suministro13 de13 las13 playas13 y13 frentes13 litorales13 con13 arena13 de13 la13 plataforma13 con_nental13 o13 en13 su13 defecto13 de13 las13 canteras13 de13 piedra13 arenisca13 del13 interior13 La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 ayuda13 a13 la13 restauracioacuten13 de13 playas13 y13 reduce13 el13 dantildeo13 a13 las13 estructuras13 costeras

Sand13 nourishment

Sand13 nourishment13 aims13 to13 recover13 the13 sediment13 balance13 by13 supplying13 beaches13 and13 shore-shy‐faces13 with13 sand13 from13 the13 connental13 shelf13 or13 alternavely13 from13 inland13 sandstone13 quarries13 Sand13 nourishment13 will13 help13 to13 restores13 beaches13 and13 reduces13 storm13 damage13 to13 coastal13 structures

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

15

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio2Spaal13 planning

La13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 puede13 definir13 un13 amor_guador13 entre13 la13 liacutenea13 de13 costa13 y13 el13 desarrollo13 urbano13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 costeras13 y13 mantener13 la13 resiliencia13 y13 el13 aspecto13 natural13 de13 la13 zona13 costera13 en13 el13 largo13 plazo

Spaal13 planning13 can13 define13 a13 buffer13 between13 the13 coastline13 and13 urban13 development13 in13 order13 to13 reduce13 the13 risk13 of13 coastal13 flooding13 and13 maintain13 the13 resilience13 and13 natural13 appearance13 of13 the13 coastal13 zone13 on13 the13 long13 term13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

Ingenieriacutea13 del13 Paisaje13 en13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 para13 un13 crecimiento13 sostenible13 Un13 modelo13 integral13 para13 Cartagena13 de13 Indias13 Colombia

Landscape13 and13 water13 can13 work13 together13 for13 safe13 and13 sustainable13 growth13 Envisioning13 an13 integral13 model13 for13 Cartagena13 de13 Indias13 Colombia13

Autores13 13 13 AuthorsKarina13 Pentildea13 Field13 FactorsWillem13 Jonathan13 Kok13 Field13 Factors

Junto13 con13 13 13 Together13 with13 13 Ma9hijs13 Kok13 HKV13 Consultants

Agradecimientos13 13 13 Acknowledgments13 Carlos13 Alberto13 Candela13 Bello13 13 Corporacioacuten13 de13 Turismo13 de13 Cartagena13 Irvin13 Peacuterez13 Muntildeoz13 Corporacioacuten13 de13 Turismo13 de13 CartagenaVictoria13 Eugenia13 Yances13 Origen13 Arquitectura13 (Cartagena)Merly13 Beltraacuten13 Vargas13 13 TuCultura13 (Cartagena)Andreacutes13 Felipe13 Ordontildeez13 Hotel13 Las13 Ameacutericas13 (Cartagena)Walter13 Luna13 property13 owner13 (Cartagena)Master13 Students13 in13 Civil13 Engineering13 TU13 DelW13

Agosto13 201313 13 13 August13 2013

2

Cartagena13 es13 la 13 quinta13 ciudad13 maacutes13 grande13 de13 Colombia13 y13 la13 segunda13 de13 la13 regioacuten13 despueacutes13 de13 Barranquilla13 Cartagena13 es13 uno13 de13 los13 centros 13 econoacutemicos13 maacutes13 importantes13 del13 paiacutes13 debido13 a13 su13 fuerte13 industria13 turiacutes_ca13 y13 a13 la 13 industria13 pesada13 relacionada13 con13 la13 petroquiacutemica13 y13 la13 construccioacuten13 naval13 entre13 otros

Su13 situacioacuten13 geograacutefica13 su13 clima13 tropical13 y13 sus13 ricos13 ecosistemas13 naturales13 junto13 con13 la13 belleza13 singular13 de13 su13 arquitectura13 colonial13 la13 convierten13 en13 un13 atrac_vo13 des_no13 turiacutes_co13 tanto13 nacional13 como13 internacional13 Cartagena13 fue13 declarada13 Patrimonio13 de13 la13 Humanidad13 por13 la13 UNESCO13 desde13 1988

Hoy13 este13 nuacutecleo13 de13 comercio13 se13 enfrenta13 a13 amenazas13 importantes13 subida13 del13 nivel13 del13 mar13 tormentas13 maacutes13 fuertes13 erosioacuten13 costera13 inundaciones13 frecuentes13 y13 otros13 problemas13 causados13 por13 el13 cambio13 climaacute_co13 Si13 no13 se13 a_enden13 estos13 eventos13 podriacutean13 afectar13 la13 economiacutea13 local13 la13 biodiversidad13 y13 la13 calidad13 de13 vida13 en13 Cartagena13 Por13 lo13 tanto13 la 13 toma13 de13 accioacuten13 es13 urgente13 para13 asegurar13 este13 lugar13 uacutenico

En13 colaboracioacuten13 con13 organizaciones13 locales13 e13 internacionales13 junto13 con13 el 13 gobierno13 municipal13 y13 nacional13 se13 han13 realizado13 varios13 anaacutelisis13 y13 estudios13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 estos13 temas13 urgentes13 tales13 como13 Construyendo13 con13 la 13 Naturaleza13 (Deltares13 2012)13 asiacute13 como13 la 13 realizacioacuten13 de13 un13 Informe13 sobre13 la13 Evaluacioacuten13 de13 la13 vulnerabilidad13 que13 se13 resume13 en13 los13 lsquoLineamientos13 para13 la13 Adaptacioacuten13 al13 Cambio13 Climaacuteco13 (CDKN13 -shy‐13 INVEMAR13 Colombia13 febrero13 2013)

Tomando13 los13 estudios13 citados13 como13 marco13 y13 fundamento13 el13 ingeniero13 Ma9hijs13 Kok13 y13 Karina13 Pentildea13 especialista 13 en13 Paisaje13 y13 Turismo13 expertos13 de13 HKV13 Consultores 13 y13 Field13 Factors13 han13 visitado13 recientemente13 Cartagena13 con13 la13 misioacuten13 de13 sumergirse13 en13 el13 es_lo13 de13 vida13 del13 Caribe13 y13 obtener13 una13 visioacuten13 integral13 sobre13 los13 principales 13 problemas13 y13 oportunidades13 presentes13 en13 la13 regioacuten13 Su13 exploracioacuten13 se13 ha13 basado13 principalmente13 en13 la13 observacioacuten13 la13 interaccioacuten13 y13 el13 cues_onamiento13 a13 la13 comunidad13 local13 expertos13 y13 dis_ntos13 stakeholders13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 comprender13 las13 dinaacutemicas13 y13 loacutegicas13 locales 13 que13 configuran13 esta13 ciudad13 costera

3

Cartagena13 is 13 the13 fiWh-shy‐largest13 city13 in13 Colombia13 and13 the13 second13 largest13 in13 the13 region13 aWer13 Barranquilla13 Cartagena13 is13 one13 of13 Colombiarsquos13 most13 important13 centers 13 of13 economic13 ac_vity13 due13 to13 its13 robust13 na_onal13 and13 interna_onal13 tourist13 industry13 as13 well13 as13 its13 heavy13 industry13 involving13 petrochemicals13 and13 ship13 building13 among13 others13

Its13 geographical13 loca_on13 its 13 tropical13 climate13 and13 its 13 rich13 natural13 ecosystems13 and13 biodiversity13 together13 with13 unique13 colonial13 architecture13 make13 it13 an13 a9rac_ve13 tourist13 des_na_on13 both13 na_onal13 and13 interna_onal13 Cartagena13 was13 declared13 a13 World13 Heritage13 Site13 by13 UNESCO13 since13 1988

Today13 this13 trading13 hub13 faces13 important13 threats13 from13 sea13 level13 rise13 heavier13 storms13 erosion13 flooding13 and13 other13 problems13 caused13 by13 the13 changing13 climate13 If13 leW13 unaddressed13 these13 events13 could13 set13 back13 the13 local13 economy13 biodiversity13 and13 quality13 of13 life13 in13 Cartagena13 Therefore13 ac_on13 is13 urgent13 to13 secure13 this13 unique13 place13

Several13 analysis13 and13 studies13 have13 been13 developed13 addressing13 these13 urgent13 topics13 as13 collabora_ons13 of13 local13 and13 interna_onal13 organiza_ons13 together13 with13 the13 municipal13 and13 na_onal13 government13 such13 as13 lsquo13 Building13 with13 Naturersquo13 (Deltares)13 as13 well13 as13 a13 reportrsquos13 vulnerability13 assessment13 summarized13 in13 lsquoGuidelines13 for13 Adapta_on13 to13 Climate13 Changersquo13 (CDKN13 and13 INVEMAR13 Colombia13 February13 2013)13

With13 the13 previous13 men_oned13 studies13 as13 founda_on13 and13 framework13 engineer13 Ma9hijs 13 Kok13 and13 Landscape13 Specialist13 Karina13 Pentildea13 experts13 from13 HKV13 Consultants 13 and13 Field13 Factors13 have13 recently13 visited13 Cartagena13 with13 the13 mission13 to13 immerse13 in13 the13 caribbean13 life-shy‐style13 while13 geong13 an13 insight13 on13 the13 main13 problems13 and13 opportuni_es13 present13 in13 the13 area13 These13 explora_ons13 have13 been13 mainly13 based13 on13 observa_on13 interac_on13 and13 ques_oning13 the13 local13 community13 experts13 and13 different13 stakeholders13 in13 order13 to13 understand13 the13 local13 driving-shy‐logics13 of13 the13 city13

Un13 modelo13 integral13 para13 Cartagena13 de13 Indias13 Envisioning13 an13 integral13 model13 for13 Cartagena13 de13 Indias

INTRODUCCIOacuteNINTRODUCTION

4

Los13 resultados13 de13 esta 13 inves_gacioacuten13 han13 sido13 compuestos13 en13 la13 formulacioacuten13 de13 un13 enfoque13 conceptual13 para13 abordar13 los13 principales13 problemas13 que13 amenazan13 la13 costa13 de13 Cartagena13 Con13 el13 fin13 de13 traducir13 las13 medidas13 de13 mi_gacioacuten13 en13 soluciones13 concretas13 se13 ha13 seleccionado13 un13 aacuterea13 de13 estudio13 especiacutefico13 la13 Peniacutensula13 de13 Bocagrande

En13 la13 Peniacutensula13 de13 Bocagrande13 zona13 de13 estudio13 selecionada13 y13 principal13 centro13 turiacutes_co13 de13 Cartagena13 es13 donde13 se13 encuentran13 los13 mayores13 desarrollos13 hoteleros13 y13 alojamientos13 turiacutes_cos13 de13 la13 regioacuten13 Esta13 zona13 que13 actualmente13 se13 enfrenta13 a13 graves13 problemas13 de13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 recurrentes 13 inundaciones13 _ene13 el13 potencial13 de13 reconectar13 con13 la13 espectacular13 belleza13 de13 la13 an_gua13 ciudad13 entremuros13 pudiendo13 tener13 un13 paseo13 mariacute_mo13 vibrante13 y13 seguro

Imaginamos13 Cartagena13 como13 una13 suma13 de13 iden_dades13 que13 ofrece13 muacutel_ples13 experiencias13 donde13 turistas13 y13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo

En13 este13 documento13 se13 presenta13 un13 enfoque13 conceptual13 para13 mi_gar13 los13 problemas13 de13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 las13 inundaciones 13 en13 la 13 peniacutensula13 de13 Bocagrande13 lo13 cual13 podriacutea13 tener13 un13 impacto13 posi_vo13 en13 el 13 futuro13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_co13 y13 econoacutemico13 de13 Cartagena13 al13 mismo13 _empo13 que13 mejorariacutea13 la13 calidad13 de13 vida13 de13 sus13 residentes

La 13 intencioacuten13 de13 las13 medidas13 y13 esquemaacute_cas13 soluciones13 de13 disentildeo13 e13 ingenieriacutea 13 que13 se13 muestran13 es13 ilustrar13 un13 posible13 escenario13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 en13 la13 costa13 de13 Cartagena13

Con13 este13 documento13 esperamos13 inspirar13 a13 las13 autoridades13 locales13 y13 stakeholders13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 planes13 municipales13 y13 acciones13 basados13 en13 soluciones13 integrales13 que13 a13 largo13 plazo13 puedan13 transformar13 sus13 problemas13 costeros13 en13 poderosas13 oportunidades13 para13 un13 desarrollo13 local13 sostenible

The13 results13 have13 been13 compound13 in13 the13 formulaon13 of13 a13 conceptual13 approach13 to13 address13 the13 main13 coastal13 problems13 threatening13 Cartagena13 In13 order13 to13 translate13 migaon13 measures13 into13 conceptual13 soluons13 a13 specific13 study13 area13 has13 been13 chosen13

The13 peninsula13 of13 Bocagrande13 the13 focus13 study13 area13 and13 Cartagenarsquos13 major13 tourist13 hub13 is13 where13 the13 largest13 hotel13 developments13 and13 tourism13 accommodaons13 of13 the13 region13 are13 located13 This13 area13 currently13 facing13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 recurrent13 flooding13 can13 be13 reconnected13 to13 the13 incredible13 beauty13 of13 the13 old13 city13 while13 enabling13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 13

We13 envision13 Cartagena13 as13 a13 sum13 of13 different13 idenes13 with13 mulple13 experiences13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 Caribbean13 atmosphereThis13 document13 presents13 a13 conceptual13 approach13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 the13 Peninsula13 of13 Bocagrande13 which13 could13 have13 a13 posive13 impact13 in13 the13 future13 tourism13 and13 economic13 development13 while13 improving13 the13 quality13 of13 live13 for13 its13 residents

The13 intenon13 of13 the13 measures13 and13 schemac13 designengineering13 soluons13 shown13 here13 is13 to13 illustrate13 a13 possible13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 scenario13 13

With13 this13 document13 we13 hope13 to13 inspire13 the13 local13 authories13 and13 decision-shy‐makers13 to13 forthcoming13 municipal13 plans13 and13 acons13 including13 integral13 soluons13 which13 overme13 turn13 their13 coastal13 problems13 into13 powerful13 opportunies13 for13 the13 local13 sustainable13 development13

Un13 modelo13 integral13 para13 Cartagena13 de13 IndiasEnvisioning13 an13 integral13 model13 for13 Cartagena13 de13 Indias

INTRODUCCIOacuteNINTRODUCTION

5

Mapa13 de13 Cartagena13 13 13 13 Map13 of13 Cartagena13 13

centro13 histoacuterico

marina

puerto13 industrial

Bocagrande

zonas13 industriales

historic13 centre

marina

industrial13 port

Bocagrande

industrial13 areas

6

Cartagena13 vida13 y13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 13 13 Cartagena13 life13 and13 public13 space

7

zona13 de13 estudiostudy13 area

Aacutereas13 de13 vulnerabilidad13 socio-shy‐econoacutemicas13 afectadas13 por13 problemas13 costeros13 13 13 Socio-shy‐economic13 vulnerability13 areas13 affected13 by13 coastal13 problems

8

Inundaciones13 en13 Cartagena13 13 13 13 Flood13 events13 in13 Cartagena

El13 Laguito

Playas13 de13 Bocagrande

9

CasPllo13 Grande

Aacuterea13 de13 estudio13 Bocagrande13 13 13 13 13 Study13 area13 Bocagrande

Sistema13 de13 drenaje13 inadecuado13 acumulacioacuten13 de13 agua13 durante13 marea13 alta13 o13 lluvias13 fuertesLand13 vs13 sea13 level13 too13 low

Insuficiente13 13 proteccioacuten13 costeraInadequate13 urban13 drainage13 system13 water13 stays13 in13 during13 sea13 level13 rise13 or13 rain

Nivel13 de13 calle13 vs13 nivel13 del13 mar13 muy13 bajoInsufficient13 coastal13 protecon

10

Principales13 causas13 de13 inundaciones13 en13 Bocagrande13 13 Main13 causes13 of13 flood13 events13 in13 Bocagrande

11

Ilustracioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 en13 Bocagrande13 causada13 por13 el13 aumento13 del13 nivel13 del13 marIllustraon13 of13 flood13 in13 Bocagrande13 caused13 by13 sea13 level13 rise

Seguridad13 Mul-shy‐Capa12

El13 concepto13 central 13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca13 revisada13 de13 seguridad13 del13 13 agua13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 se13 basa13 en13 seguridad13 mulcapa13 En13 este13 concepto13 la13 seguridad13 se13 garan_za13 a13 traveacutes13 de13 muacutel_ples13 capas

113 La13 primera13 capa 13 es13 la13 prevencioacuten13 de13 inundaciones13 mediante13 diques13 dunas13 y13 defensas 13 frente13 a13 tormentas13 y13 e13 inundaciones13 (maacutes13 soacutelidaa 13 y13 enfocada13 en13 el13 futuro)13 La13 prevencioacuten13 sigue13 siendo13 el13 pilar13 principal13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca

213 La 13 segunda13 capa13 es13 lograr13 un13 planeamiento13 sostenible13 del13 territorio13 La13 planificacioacuten13 cuidadosa13 (eleccioacuten13 de13 la13 ubicacioacuten13 y13 usos13 de13 la13 _erra)13 puede13 limitar13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados13 y13 la13 dimensioacuten13 del13 dantildeo13 en13 caso13 de13 inundacioacuten13 Como13 resultado13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 jugaraacute13 un13 papel13 maacutes13 importante13 en13 las 13 consideraciones13 y13 decisiones13 rela_vas13 a13 la13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio

313 La 13 tercera13 capa13 es13 la13 ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 si13 se13 produce13 una13 inundacioacuten13 Una13 buena13 preparacioacuten13 es13 esencial13 para13 ser13 capaz13 de13 responder13 de13 manera13 efec_va13 a13 un13 desastre13 de13 inundacioacuten13 La 13 preparacioacuten13 tambieacuten13 ayuda13 a13 limitar13 el13 grado13 de13 dantildeo13 y13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados

(fuente13 Programa13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

The13 central13 concept13 for13 the13 revised13 water13 safety13 policy13 in13 The13 Netherlands13 is13 formed13 by13 lsquomul-shy‐layer13 safetyrsquo13 In13 this13 concept13 safety13 is13 assured13 through13 mulple13 layers

113 The13 first13 layer13 is13 the13 prevenon13 of13 floods13 through13 strong13 dikes13 dunes13 and13 storm13 and13 flood13 water13 defenses13 (more13 robust13 and13 future-shy‐focused)13 Prevenon13 remains13 the13 primary13 pillar13 of13 the13 policy

213 The13 second13 layer13 is13 achieving13 sustainable13 town13 and13 country13 planning13 Careful13 town13 planning13 (choice13 of13 locaon13 and13 land13 use13 issues)13 can13 limit13 the13 numbers13 affected13 and13 amount13 of13 damage13 if13 flooding13 does13 occur13 As13 a13 result13 the13 flood13 risk13 will13 play13 a13 bigger13 role13 in13 consideraons13 and13 decisions13 relang13 to13 town13 and13 country13 planning

313 The13 third13 layer13 is13 disaster13 management13 if13 a13 flood13 occurs13 Good13 preparaon13 is13 essenal13 to13 be13 able13 to13 respond13 effecvely13 to13 a13 flood13 disaster13 Preparaon13 will13 also13 help13 to13 limit13 the13 amount13 of13 damage13 and13 the13 numbers13 affected

(source13 Programma13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

Mul13 Layer13 SafetyPrevencioacuten13 de13 inundacionesPrimary13 flood13 defense

Planeamiento13 del13 territorioSpaal13 planning

Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 Disaster13 management

1

2

3

Meacutetodo13 de13 referencia13 13 13 13 13 13 Reference13 approach

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

13

Se13 propone13 un13 enfoque13 desde13 la 13 ingenieriacutea 13 del13 paisaje13 como13 un13 meacutetodo13 integral13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 costeros13 que13 sufre13 Cartagena13 Este13 enfoque13 combina13 teacutecnicas13 duras 13 y13 blandas13 basadas13 en13 soluciones13 de13 ingenieriacutea 13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 costera 13 integrada13 con13 los13 valores13 naturales13 y13 sociales 13 del13 lugar13 El13 resultado13 es13 una13 solucioacuten13 integral13 que13 permite13 un13 ambiente13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 donde13 los13 turistas13 y13 los13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo13 de13 Cartagena

En13 este13 estudio13 conceptual13 se13 han13 iden_ficado13 tres13 medidas13 principales13 que13 pueden13 reducir13 tanto13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 como13 las13 inundaciones13 al13 _empo13 que13 mejoran13 el13 turismo13 de13 playa13 en13 Bocagrande

113 Reposicioacuten13 de13 arenaLa13 reposicioacuten13 arena13 es13 una13 medida13 que13 se13 aplica13 con13 eacutexito13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 para13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 Cada13 antildeo13 una13 reducida13 parte13 del13 presupuesto13 de13 mantenimiento13 de13 las 13 defensas13 contra13 inundaciones13 se13 des_na13 a13 esta13 medida13 El13 resultado13 es13 un13 paiacutes13 seguro13 con13 playas13 hermosas

213 Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorioLa13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 es13 el13 segundo13 tema13 clave13 en13 Bocagrande13 Mediante13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 espacios13 puacuteblicos13 y13 privados13 se13 puede13 crear13 un13 entorno13 atrac_vo13 y13 algunos13 elementos13 del13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 pueden13 ser13 integrados13 en13 las13 medidas13 de13 reduccioacuten13 del13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 como13 por13 ejemplo13 un13 boulevard

313 Construccioacuten13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 contra13 inundacionesEl13 tercer13 elemento13 clave13 es13 el13 uso13 de13 construcciones 13 duras13 en13 combinacioacuten13 con13 medidas13 suaves13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 A13 modo13 de13 ejemplo13 en13 un13 resort13 de13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 un13 garaje13 y13 un13 dique13 se13 integran13 dentro13 de13 una13 duna13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

A13 landscape-shy‐engineering13 approach13 is13 proposed13 as13 an13 integral13 method13 to13 address13 the13 coastal13 problems13 in13 Cartagena13 This13 approach13 combines13 so13 and13 hard13 techniques13 based13 in13 engineering13 soluons13 for13 coastal13 protecon13 integrated13 within13 the13 natural13 and13 social13 values13 of13 the13 place13 It13 results13 in13 an13 integral13 soluon13 that13 enables13 a13 safe13 and13 livable13 environment13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 caribbean13 atmosphere13 of13 Cartagena13

In13 this13 conceptual13 study13 three13 main13 measures13 has13 been13 idenfied13 that13 may13 reduce13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 flood13 while13 improving13 beach13 tourism13 in13 Bocagrande

113 Sand13 nourishmentSand13 nourishment13 is13 a13 measure13 which13 is13 successfully13 applied13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 to13 reduce13 the13 flood13 risk13 Every13 year13 a13 small 13 budget13 of13 the13 maintenance13 costs13 of13 flood13 defenses13 is13 spent13 on13 it13 The13 result13 is13 a13 safe13 country13 and13 beauful13 beaches

213 Spaal13 planning13 Spaal13 planning13 is13 the13 second13 key13 issue13 in13 Bocagrande13 By13 developing13 public13 and13 private13 spaces13 an13 a^racve13 environment13 can13 be13 created13 and13 some13 of13 the13 elements13 of13 the13 public13 space13 can13 be13 integrated13 with13 reducon13 of13 flood13 risk13 for13 example13 a13 boulevard

313 Hard13 and13 sogt13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 proteconThe13 third13 key13 element13 is13 the13 use13 of13 hard13 construcon13 in13 combinaon13 with13 so13 coastal13 measures13 As13 an13 example13 in13 one13 of13 the13 resorts13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 a13 garage13 and13 a13 dike13 is13 combined13 within13 a13 dune13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

Ingenieriacutea13 del13 paisaje13 en13 la13 proteccioacuten13 del13 litoral13 13 13 13 13 13 Landscape-shy‐engineering13 on13 coastal13 protecon

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

Reposicioacuten13 de13 arena1

14

La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 _ene13 como13 obje_vo13 recuperar13 el13 balance13 sedimentario13 mediante13 el13 suministro13 de13 las13 playas13 y13 frentes13 litorales13 con13 arena13 de13 la13 plataforma13 con_nental13 o13 en13 su13 defecto13 de13 las13 canteras13 de13 piedra13 arenisca13 del13 interior13 La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 ayuda13 a13 la13 restauracioacuten13 de13 playas13 y13 reduce13 el13 dantildeo13 a13 las13 estructuras13 costeras

Sand13 nourishment

Sand13 nourishment13 aims13 to13 recover13 the13 sediment13 balance13 by13 supplying13 beaches13 and13 shore-shy‐faces13 with13 sand13 from13 the13 connental13 shelf13 or13 alternavely13 from13 inland13 sandstone13 quarries13 Sand13 nourishment13 will13 help13 to13 restores13 beaches13 and13 reduces13 storm13 damage13 to13 coastal13 structures

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

15

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio2Spaal13 planning

La13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 puede13 definir13 un13 amor_guador13 entre13 la13 liacutenea13 de13 costa13 y13 el13 desarrollo13 urbano13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 costeras13 y13 mantener13 la13 resiliencia13 y13 el13 aspecto13 natural13 de13 la13 zona13 costera13 en13 el13 largo13 plazo

Spaal13 planning13 can13 define13 a13 buffer13 between13 the13 coastline13 and13 urban13 development13 in13 order13 to13 reduce13 the13 risk13 of13 coastal13 flooding13 and13 maintain13 the13 resilience13 and13 natural13 appearance13 of13 the13 coastal13 zone13 on13 the13 long13 term13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

Cartagena13 es13 la 13 quinta13 ciudad13 maacutes13 grande13 de13 Colombia13 y13 la13 segunda13 de13 la13 regioacuten13 despueacutes13 de13 Barranquilla13 Cartagena13 es13 uno13 de13 los13 centros 13 econoacutemicos13 maacutes13 importantes13 del13 paiacutes13 debido13 a13 su13 fuerte13 industria13 turiacutes_ca13 y13 a13 la 13 industria13 pesada13 relacionada13 con13 la13 petroquiacutemica13 y13 la13 construccioacuten13 naval13 entre13 otros

Su13 situacioacuten13 geograacutefica13 su13 clima13 tropical13 y13 sus13 ricos13 ecosistemas13 naturales13 junto13 con13 la13 belleza13 singular13 de13 su13 arquitectura13 colonial13 la13 convierten13 en13 un13 atrac_vo13 des_no13 turiacutes_co13 tanto13 nacional13 como13 internacional13 Cartagena13 fue13 declarada13 Patrimonio13 de13 la13 Humanidad13 por13 la13 UNESCO13 desde13 1988

Hoy13 este13 nuacutecleo13 de13 comercio13 se13 enfrenta13 a13 amenazas13 importantes13 subida13 del13 nivel13 del13 mar13 tormentas13 maacutes13 fuertes13 erosioacuten13 costera13 inundaciones13 frecuentes13 y13 otros13 problemas13 causados13 por13 el13 cambio13 climaacute_co13 Si13 no13 se13 a_enden13 estos13 eventos13 podriacutean13 afectar13 la13 economiacutea13 local13 la13 biodiversidad13 y13 la13 calidad13 de13 vida13 en13 Cartagena13 Por13 lo13 tanto13 la 13 toma13 de13 accioacuten13 es13 urgente13 para13 asegurar13 este13 lugar13 uacutenico

En13 colaboracioacuten13 con13 organizaciones13 locales13 e13 internacionales13 junto13 con13 el 13 gobierno13 municipal13 y13 nacional13 se13 han13 realizado13 varios13 anaacutelisis13 y13 estudios13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 estos13 temas13 urgentes13 tales13 como13 Construyendo13 con13 la 13 Naturaleza13 (Deltares13 2012)13 asiacute13 como13 la 13 realizacioacuten13 de13 un13 Informe13 sobre13 la13 Evaluacioacuten13 de13 la13 vulnerabilidad13 que13 se13 resume13 en13 los13 lsquoLineamientos13 para13 la13 Adaptacioacuten13 al13 Cambio13 Climaacuteco13 (CDKN13 -shy‐13 INVEMAR13 Colombia13 febrero13 2013)

Tomando13 los13 estudios13 citados13 como13 marco13 y13 fundamento13 el13 ingeniero13 Ma9hijs13 Kok13 y13 Karina13 Pentildea13 especialista 13 en13 Paisaje13 y13 Turismo13 expertos13 de13 HKV13 Consultores 13 y13 Field13 Factors13 han13 visitado13 recientemente13 Cartagena13 con13 la13 misioacuten13 de13 sumergirse13 en13 el13 es_lo13 de13 vida13 del13 Caribe13 y13 obtener13 una13 visioacuten13 integral13 sobre13 los13 principales 13 problemas13 y13 oportunidades13 presentes13 en13 la13 regioacuten13 Su13 exploracioacuten13 se13 ha13 basado13 principalmente13 en13 la13 observacioacuten13 la13 interaccioacuten13 y13 el13 cues_onamiento13 a13 la13 comunidad13 local13 expertos13 y13 dis_ntos13 stakeholders13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 comprender13 las13 dinaacutemicas13 y13 loacutegicas13 locales 13 que13 configuran13 esta13 ciudad13 costera

3

Cartagena13 is 13 the13 fiWh-shy‐largest13 city13 in13 Colombia13 and13 the13 second13 largest13 in13 the13 region13 aWer13 Barranquilla13 Cartagena13 is13 one13 of13 Colombiarsquos13 most13 important13 centers 13 of13 economic13 ac_vity13 due13 to13 its13 robust13 na_onal13 and13 interna_onal13 tourist13 industry13 as13 well13 as13 its13 heavy13 industry13 involving13 petrochemicals13 and13 ship13 building13 among13 others13

Its13 geographical13 loca_on13 its 13 tropical13 climate13 and13 its 13 rich13 natural13 ecosystems13 and13 biodiversity13 together13 with13 unique13 colonial13 architecture13 make13 it13 an13 a9rac_ve13 tourist13 des_na_on13 both13 na_onal13 and13 interna_onal13 Cartagena13 was13 declared13 a13 World13 Heritage13 Site13 by13 UNESCO13 since13 1988

Today13 this13 trading13 hub13 faces13 important13 threats13 from13 sea13 level13 rise13 heavier13 storms13 erosion13 flooding13 and13 other13 problems13 caused13 by13 the13 changing13 climate13 If13 leW13 unaddressed13 these13 events13 could13 set13 back13 the13 local13 economy13 biodiversity13 and13 quality13 of13 life13 in13 Cartagena13 Therefore13 ac_on13 is13 urgent13 to13 secure13 this13 unique13 place13

Several13 analysis13 and13 studies13 have13 been13 developed13 addressing13 these13 urgent13 topics13 as13 collabora_ons13 of13 local13 and13 interna_onal13 organiza_ons13 together13 with13 the13 municipal13 and13 na_onal13 government13 such13 as13 lsquo13 Building13 with13 Naturersquo13 (Deltares)13 as13 well13 as13 a13 reportrsquos13 vulnerability13 assessment13 summarized13 in13 lsquoGuidelines13 for13 Adapta_on13 to13 Climate13 Changersquo13 (CDKN13 and13 INVEMAR13 Colombia13 February13 2013)13

With13 the13 previous13 men_oned13 studies13 as13 founda_on13 and13 framework13 engineer13 Ma9hijs 13 Kok13 and13 Landscape13 Specialist13 Karina13 Pentildea13 experts13 from13 HKV13 Consultants 13 and13 Field13 Factors13 have13 recently13 visited13 Cartagena13 with13 the13 mission13 to13 immerse13 in13 the13 caribbean13 life-shy‐style13 while13 geong13 an13 insight13 on13 the13 main13 problems13 and13 opportuni_es13 present13 in13 the13 area13 These13 explora_ons13 have13 been13 mainly13 based13 on13 observa_on13 interac_on13 and13 ques_oning13 the13 local13 community13 experts13 and13 different13 stakeholders13 in13 order13 to13 understand13 the13 local13 driving-shy‐logics13 of13 the13 city13

Un13 modelo13 integral13 para13 Cartagena13 de13 Indias13 Envisioning13 an13 integral13 model13 for13 Cartagena13 de13 Indias

INTRODUCCIOacuteNINTRODUCTION

4

Los13 resultados13 de13 esta 13 inves_gacioacuten13 han13 sido13 compuestos13 en13 la13 formulacioacuten13 de13 un13 enfoque13 conceptual13 para13 abordar13 los13 principales13 problemas13 que13 amenazan13 la13 costa13 de13 Cartagena13 Con13 el13 fin13 de13 traducir13 las13 medidas13 de13 mi_gacioacuten13 en13 soluciones13 concretas13 se13 ha13 seleccionado13 un13 aacuterea13 de13 estudio13 especiacutefico13 la13 Peniacutensula13 de13 Bocagrande

En13 la13 Peniacutensula13 de13 Bocagrande13 zona13 de13 estudio13 selecionada13 y13 principal13 centro13 turiacutes_co13 de13 Cartagena13 es13 donde13 se13 encuentran13 los13 mayores13 desarrollos13 hoteleros13 y13 alojamientos13 turiacutes_cos13 de13 la13 regioacuten13 Esta13 zona13 que13 actualmente13 se13 enfrenta13 a13 graves13 problemas13 de13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 recurrentes 13 inundaciones13 _ene13 el13 potencial13 de13 reconectar13 con13 la13 espectacular13 belleza13 de13 la13 an_gua13 ciudad13 entremuros13 pudiendo13 tener13 un13 paseo13 mariacute_mo13 vibrante13 y13 seguro

Imaginamos13 Cartagena13 como13 una13 suma13 de13 iden_dades13 que13 ofrece13 muacutel_ples13 experiencias13 donde13 turistas13 y13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo

En13 este13 documento13 se13 presenta13 un13 enfoque13 conceptual13 para13 mi_gar13 los13 problemas13 de13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 las13 inundaciones 13 en13 la 13 peniacutensula13 de13 Bocagrande13 lo13 cual13 podriacutea13 tener13 un13 impacto13 posi_vo13 en13 el 13 futuro13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_co13 y13 econoacutemico13 de13 Cartagena13 al13 mismo13 _empo13 que13 mejorariacutea13 la13 calidad13 de13 vida13 de13 sus13 residentes

La 13 intencioacuten13 de13 las13 medidas13 y13 esquemaacute_cas13 soluciones13 de13 disentildeo13 e13 ingenieriacutea 13 que13 se13 muestran13 es13 ilustrar13 un13 posible13 escenario13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 en13 la13 costa13 de13 Cartagena13

Con13 este13 documento13 esperamos13 inspirar13 a13 las13 autoridades13 locales13 y13 stakeholders13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 planes13 municipales13 y13 acciones13 basados13 en13 soluciones13 integrales13 que13 a13 largo13 plazo13 puedan13 transformar13 sus13 problemas13 costeros13 en13 poderosas13 oportunidades13 para13 un13 desarrollo13 local13 sostenible

The13 results13 have13 been13 compound13 in13 the13 formulaon13 of13 a13 conceptual13 approach13 to13 address13 the13 main13 coastal13 problems13 threatening13 Cartagena13 In13 order13 to13 translate13 migaon13 measures13 into13 conceptual13 soluons13 a13 specific13 study13 area13 has13 been13 chosen13

The13 peninsula13 of13 Bocagrande13 the13 focus13 study13 area13 and13 Cartagenarsquos13 major13 tourist13 hub13 is13 where13 the13 largest13 hotel13 developments13 and13 tourism13 accommodaons13 of13 the13 region13 are13 located13 This13 area13 currently13 facing13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 recurrent13 flooding13 can13 be13 reconnected13 to13 the13 incredible13 beauty13 of13 the13 old13 city13 while13 enabling13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 13

We13 envision13 Cartagena13 as13 a13 sum13 of13 different13 idenes13 with13 mulple13 experiences13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 Caribbean13 atmosphereThis13 document13 presents13 a13 conceptual13 approach13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 the13 Peninsula13 of13 Bocagrande13 which13 could13 have13 a13 posive13 impact13 in13 the13 future13 tourism13 and13 economic13 development13 while13 improving13 the13 quality13 of13 live13 for13 its13 residents

The13 intenon13 of13 the13 measures13 and13 schemac13 designengineering13 soluons13 shown13 here13 is13 to13 illustrate13 a13 possible13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 scenario13 13

With13 this13 document13 we13 hope13 to13 inspire13 the13 local13 authories13 and13 decision-shy‐makers13 to13 forthcoming13 municipal13 plans13 and13 acons13 including13 integral13 soluons13 which13 overme13 turn13 their13 coastal13 problems13 into13 powerful13 opportunies13 for13 the13 local13 sustainable13 development13

Un13 modelo13 integral13 para13 Cartagena13 de13 IndiasEnvisioning13 an13 integral13 model13 for13 Cartagena13 de13 Indias

INTRODUCCIOacuteNINTRODUCTION

5

Mapa13 de13 Cartagena13 13 13 13 Map13 of13 Cartagena13 13

centro13 histoacuterico

marina

puerto13 industrial

Bocagrande

zonas13 industriales

historic13 centre

marina

industrial13 port

Bocagrande

industrial13 areas

6

Cartagena13 vida13 y13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 13 13 Cartagena13 life13 and13 public13 space

7

zona13 de13 estudiostudy13 area

Aacutereas13 de13 vulnerabilidad13 socio-shy‐econoacutemicas13 afectadas13 por13 problemas13 costeros13 13 13 Socio-shy‐economic13 vulnerability13 areas13 affected13 by13 coastal13 problems

8

Inundaciones13 en13 Cartagena13 13 13 13 Flood13 events13 in13 Cartagena

El13 Laguito

Playas13 de13 Bocagrande

9

CasPllo13 Grande

Aacuterea13 de13 estudio13 Bocagrande13 13 13 13 13 Study13 area13 Bocagrande

Sistema13 de13 drenaje13 inadecuado13 acumulacioacuten13 de13 agua13 durante13 marea13 alta13 o13 lluvias13 fuertesLand13 vs13 sea13 level13 too13 low

Insuficiente13 13 proteccioacuten13 costeraInadequate13 urban13 drainage13 system13 water13 stays13 in13 during13 sea13 level13 rise13 or13 rain

Nivel13 de13 calle13 vs13 nivel13 del13 mar13 muy13 bajoInsufficient13 coastal13 protecon

10

Principales13 causas13 de13 inundaciones13 en13 Bocagrande13 13 Main13 causes13 of13 flood13 events13 in13 Bocagrande

11

Ilustracioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 en13 Bocagrande13 causada13 por13 el13 aumento13 del13 nivel13 del13 marIllustraon13 of13 flood13 in13 Bocagrande13 caused13 by13 sea13 level13 rise

Seguridad13 Mul-shy‐Capa12

El13 concepto13 central 13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca13 revisada13 de13 seguridad13 del13 13 agua13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 se13 basa13 en13 seguridad13 mulcapa13 En13 este13 concepto13 la13 seguridad13 se13 garan_za13 a13 traveacutes13 de13 muacutel_ples13 capas

113 La13 primera13 capa 13 es13 la13 prevencioacuten13 de13 inundaciones13 mediante13 diques13 dunas13 y13 defensas 13 frente13 a13 tormentas13 y13 e13 inundaciones13 (maacutes13 soacutelidaa 13 y13 enfocada13 en13 el13 futuro)13 La13 prevencioacuten13 sigue13 siendo13 el13 pilar13 principal13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca

213 La 13 segunda13 capa13 es13 lograr13 un13 planeamiento13 sostenible13 del13 territorio13 La13 planificacioacuten13 cuidadosa13 (eleccioacuten13 de13 la13 ubicacioacuten13 y13 usos13 de13 la13 _erra)13 puede13 limitar13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados13 y13 la13 dimensioacuten13 del13 dantildeo13 en13 caso13 de13 inundacioacuten13 Como13 resultado13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 jugaraacute13 un13 papel13 maacutes13 importante13 en13 las 13 consideraciones13 y13 decisiones13 rela_vas13 a13 la13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio

313 La 13 tercera13 capa13 es13 la13 ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 si13 se13 produce13 una13 inundacioacuten13 Una13 buena13 preparacioacuten13 es13 esencial13 para13 ser13 capaz13 de13 responder13 de13 manera13 efec_va13 a13 un13 desastre13 de13 inundacioacuten13 La 13 preparacioacuten13 tambieacuten13 ayuda13 a13 limitar13 el13 grado13 de13 dantildeo13 y13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados

(fuente13 Programa13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

The13 central13 concept13 for13 the13 revised13 water13 safety13 policy13 in13 The13 Netherlands13 is13 formed13 by13 lsquomul-shy‐layer13 safetyrsquo13 In13 this13 concept13 safety13 is13 assured13 through13 mulple13 layers

113 The13 first13 layer13 is13 the13 prevenon13 of13 floods13 through13 strong13 dikes13 dunes13 and13 storm13 and13 flood13 water13 defenses13 (more13 robust13 and13 future-shy‐focused)13 Prevenon13 remains13 the13 primary13 pillar13 of13 the13 policy

213 The13 second13 layer13 is13 achieving13 sustainable13 town13 and13 country13 planning13 Careful13 town13 planning13 (choice13 of13 locaon13 and13 land13 use13 issues)13 can13 limit13 the13 numbers13 affected13 and13 amount13 of13 damage13 if13 flooding13 does13 occur13 As13 a13 result13 the13 flood13 risk13 will13 play13 a13 bigger13 role13 in13 consideraons13 and13 decisions13 relang13 to13 town13 and13 country13 planning

313 The13 third13 layer13 is13 disaster13 management13 if13 a13 flood13 occurs13 Good13 preparaon13 is13 essenal13 to13 be13 able13 to13 respond13 effecvely13 to13 a13 flood13 disaster13 Preparaon13 will13 also13 help13 to13 limit13 the13 amount13 of13 damage13 and13 the13 numbers13 affected

(source13 Programma13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

Mul13 Layer13 SafetyPrevencioacuten13 de13 inundacionesPrimary13 flood13 defense

Planeamiento13 del13 territorioSpaal13 planning

Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 Disaster13 management

1

2

3

Meacutetodo13 de13 referencia13 13 13 13 13 13 Reference13 approach

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

13

Se13 propone13 un13 enfoque13 desde13 la 13 ingenieriacutea 13 del13 paisaje13 como13 un13 meacutetodo13 integral13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 costeros13 que13 sufre13 Cartagena13 Este13 enfoque13 combina13 teacutecnicas13 duras 13 y13 blandas13 basadas13 en13 soluciones13 de13 ingenieriacutea 13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 costera 13 integrada13 con13 los13 valores13 naturales13 y13 sociales 13 del13 lugar13 El13 resultado13 es13 una13 solucioacuten13 integral13 que13 permite13 un13 ambiente13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 donde13 los13 turistas13 y13 los13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo13 de13 Cartagena

En13 este13 estudio13 conceptual13 se13 han13 iden_ficado13 tres13 medidas13 principales13 que13 pueden13 reducir13 tanto13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 como13 las13 inundaciones13 al13 _empo13 que13 mejoran13 el13 turismo13 de13 playa13 en13 Bocagrande

113 Reposicioacuten13 de13 arenaLa13 reposicioacuten13 arena13 es13 una13 medida13 que13 se13 aplica13 con13 eacutexito13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 para13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 Cada13 antildeo13 una13 reducida13 parte13 del13 presupuesto13 de13 mantenimiento13 de13 las 13 defensas13 contra13 inundaciones13 se13 des_na13 a13 esta13 medida13 El13 resultado13 es13 un13 paiacutes13 seguro13 con13 playas13 hermosas

213 Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorioLa13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 es13 el13 segundo13 tema13 clave13 en13 Bocagrande13 Mediante13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 espacios13 puacuteblicos13 y13 privados13 se13 puede13 crear13 un13 entorno13 atrac_vo13 y13 algunos13 elementos13 del13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 pueden13 ser13 integrados13 en13 las13 medidas13 de13 reduccioacuten13 del13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 como13 por13 ejemplo13 un13 boulevard

313 Construccioacuten13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 contra13 inundacionesEl13 tercer13 elemento13 clave13 es13 el13 uso13 de13 construcciones 13 duras13 en13 combinacioacuten13 con13 medidas13 suaves13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 A13 modo13 de13 ejemplo13 en13 un13 resort13 de13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 un13 garaje13 y13 un13 dique13 se13 integran13 dentro13 de13 una13 duna13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

A13 landscape-shy‐engineering13 approach13 is13 proposed13 as13 an13 integral13 method13 to13 address13 the13 coastal13 problems13 in13 Cartagena13 This13 approach13 combines13 so13 and13 hard13 techniques13 based13 in13 engineering13 soluons13 for13 coastal13 protecon13 integrated13 within13 the13 natural13 and13 social13 values13 of13 the13 place13 It13 results13 in13 an13 integral13 soluon13 that13 enables13 a13 safe13 and13 livable13 environment13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 caribbean13 atmosphere13 of13 Cartagena13

In13 this13 conceptual13 study13 three13 main13 measures13 has13 been13 idenfied13 that13 may13 reduce13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 flood13 while13 improving13 beach13 tourism13 in13 Bocagrande

113 Sand13 nourishmentSand13 nourishment13 is13 a13 measure13 which13 is13 successfully13 applied13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 to13 reduce13 the13 flood13 risk13 Every13 year13 a13 small 13 budget13 of13 the13 maintenance13 costs13 of13 flood13 defenses13 is13 spent13 on13 it13 The13 result13 is13 a13 safe13 country13 and13 beauful13 beaches

213 Spaal13 planning13 Spaal13 planning13 is13 the13 second13 key13 issue13 in13 Bocagrande13 By13 developing13 public13 and13 private13 spaces13 an13 a^racve13 environment13 can13 be13 created13 and13 some13 of13 the13 elements13 of13 the13 public13 space13 can13 be13 integrated13 with13 reducon13 of13 flood13 risk13 for13 example13 a13 boulevard

313 Hard13 and13 sogt13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 proteconThe13 third13 key13 element13 is13 the13 use13 of13 hard13 construcon13 in13 combinaon13 with13 so13 coastal13 measures13 As13 an13 example13 in13 one13 of13 the13 resorts13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 a13 garage13 and13 a13 dike13 is13 combined13 within13 a13 dune13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

Ingenieriacutea13 del13 paisaje13 en13 la13 proteccioacuten13 del13 litoral13 13 13 13 13 13 Landscape-shy‐engineering13 on13 coastal13 protecon

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

Reposicioacuten13 de13 arena1

14

La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 _ene13 como13 obje_vo13 recuperar13 el13 balance13 sedimentario13 mediante13 el13 suministro13 de13 las13 playas13 y13 frentes13 litorales13 con13 arena13 de13 la13 plataforma13 con_nental13 o13 en13 su13 defecto13 de13 las13 canteras13 de13 piedra13 arenisca13 del13 interior13 La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 ayuda13 a13 la13 restauracioacuten13 de13 playas13 y13 reduce13 el13 dantildeo13 a13 las13 estructuras13 costeras

Sand13 nourishment

Sand13 nourishment13 aims13 to13 recover13 the13 sediment13 balance13 by13 supplying13 beaches13 and13 shore-shy‐faces13 with13 sand13 from13 the13 connental13 shelf13 or13 alternavely13 from13 inland13 sandstone13 quarries13 Sand13 nourishment13 will13 help13 to13 restores13 beaches13 and13 reduces13 storm13 damage13 to13 coastal13 structures

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

15

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio2Spaal13 planning

La13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 puede13 definir13 un13 amor_guador13 entre13 la13 liacutenea13 de13 costa13 y13 el13 desarrollo13 urbano13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 costeras13 y13 mantener13 la13 resiliencia13 y13 el13 aspecto13 natural13 de13 la13 zona13 costera13 en13 el13 largo13 plazo

Spaal13 planning13 can13 define13 a13 buffer13 between13 the13 coastline13 and13 urban13 development13 in13 order13 to13 reduce13 the13 risk13 of13 coastal13 flooding13 and13 maintain13 the13 resilience13 and13 natural13 appearance13 of13 the13 coastal13 zone13 on13 the13 long13 term13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

4

Los13 resultados13 de13 esta 13 inves_gacioacuten13 han13 sido13 compuestos13 en13 la13 formulacioacuten13 de13 un13 enfoque13 conceptual13 para13 abordar13 los13 principales13 problemas13 que13 amenazan13 la13 costa13 de13 Cartagena13 Con13 el13 fin13 de13 traducir13 las13 medidas13 de13 mi_gacioacuten13 en13 soluciones13 concretas13 se13 ha13 seleccionado13 un13 aacuterea13 de13 estudio13 especiacutefico13 la13 Peniacutensula13 de13 Bocagrande

En13 la13 Peniacutensula13 de13 Bocagrande13 zona13 de13 estudio13 selecionada13 y13 principal13 centro13 turiacutes_co13 de13 Cartagena13 es13 donde13 se13 encuentran13 los13 mayores13 desarrollos13 hoteleros13 y13 alojamientos13 turiacutes_cos13 de13 la13 regioacuten13 Esta13 zona13 que13 actualmente13 se13 enfrenta13 a13 graves13 problemas13 de13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 recurrentes 13 inundaciones13 _ene13 el13 potencial13 de13 reconectar13 con13 la13 espectacular13 belleza13 de13 la13 an_gua13 ciudad13 entremuros13 pudiendo13 tener13 un13 paseo13 mariacute_mo13 vibrante13 y13 seguro

Imaginamos13 Cartagena13 como13 una13 suma13 de13 iden_dades13 que13 ofrece13 muacutel_ples13 experiencias13 donde13 turistas13 y13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo

En13 este13 documento13 se13 presenta13 un13 enfoque13 conceptual13 para13 mi_gar13 los13 problemas13 de13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 las13 inundaciones 13 en13 la 13 peniacutensula13 de13 Bocagrande13 lo13 cual13 podriacutea13 tener13 un13 impacto13 posi_vo13 en13 el 13 futuro13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_co13 y13 econoacutemico13 de13 Cartagena13 al13 mismo13 _empo13 que13 mejorariacutea13 la13 calidad13 de13 vida13 de13 sus13 residentes

La 13 intencioacuten13 de13 las13 medidas13 y13 esquemaacute_cas13 soluciones13 de13 disentildeo13 e13 ingenieriacutea 13 que13 se13 muestran13 es13 ilustrar13 un13 posible13 escenario13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 en13 la13 costa13 de13 Cartagena13

Con13 este13 documento13 esperamos13 inspirar13 a13 las13 autoridades13 locales13 y13 stakeholders13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 planes13 municipales13 y13 acciones13 basados13 en13 soluciones13 integrales13 que13 a13 largo13 plazo13 puedan13 transformar13 sus13 problemas13 costeros13 en13 poderosas13 oportunidades13 para13 un13 desarrollo13 local13 sostenible

The13 results13 have13 been13 compound13 in13 the13 formulaon13 of13 a13 conceptual13 approach13 to13 address13 the13 main13 coastal13 problems13 threatening13 Cartagena13 In13 order13 to13 translate13 migaon13 measures13 into13 conceptual13 soluons13 a13 specific13 study13 area13 has13 been13 chosen13

The13 peninsula13 of13 Bocagrande13 the13 focus13 study13 area13 and13 Cartagenarsquos13 major13 tourist13 hub13 is13 where13 the13 largest13 hotel13 developments13 and13 tourism13 accommodaons13 of13 the13 region13 are13 located13 This13 area13 currently13 facing13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 recurrent13 flooding13 can13 be13 reconnected13 to13 the13 incredible13 beauty13 of13 the13 old13 city13 while13 enabling13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 13

We13 envision13 Cartagena13 as13 a13 sum13 of13 different13 idenes13 with13 mulple13 experiences13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 Caribbean13 atmosphereThis13 document13 presents13 a13 conceptual13 approach13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 the13 Peninsula13 of13 Bocagrande13 which13 could13 have13 a13 posive13 impact13 in13 the13 future13 tourism13 and13 economic13 development13 while13 improving13 the13 quality13 of13 live13 for13 its13 residents

The13 intenon13 of13 the13 measures13 and13 schemac13 designengineering13 soluons13 shown13 here13 is13 to13 illustrate13 a13 possible13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 scenario13 13

With13 this13 document13 we13 hope13 to13 inspire13 the13 local13 authories13 and13 decision-shy‐makers13 to13 forthcoming13 municipal13 plans13 and13 acons13 including13 integral13 soluons13 which13 overme13 turn13 their13 coastal13 problems13 into13 powerful13 opportunies13 for13 the13 local13 sustainable13 development13

Un13 modelo13 integral13 para13 Cartagena13 de13 IndiasEnvisioning13 an13 integral13 model13 for13 Cartagena13 de13 Indias

INTRODUCCIOacuteNINTRODUCTION

5

Mapa13 de13 Cartagena13 13 13 13 Map13 of13 Cartagena13 13

centro13 histoacuterico

marina

puerto13 industrial

Bocagrande

zonas13 industriales

historic13 centre

marina

industrial13 port

Bocagrande

industrial13 areas

6

Cartagena13 vida13 y13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 13 13 Cartagena13 life13 and13 public13 space

7

zona13 de13 estudiostudy13 area

Aacutereas13 de13 vulnerabilidad13 socio-shy‐econoacutemicas13 afectadas13 por13 problemas13 costeros13 13 13 Socio-shy‐economic13 vulnerability13 areas13 affected13 by13 coastal13 problems

8

Inundaciones13 en13 Cartagena13 13 13 13 Flood13 events13 in13 Cartagena

El13 Laguito

Playas13 de13 Bocagrande

9

CasPllo13 Grande

Aacuterea13 de13 estudio13 Bocagrande13 13 13 13 13 Study13 area13 Bocagrande

Sistema13 de13 drenaje13 inadecuado13 acumulacioacuten13 de13 agua13 durante13 marea13 alta13 o13 lluvias13 fuertesLand13 vs13 sea13 level13 too13 low

Insuficiente13 13 proteccioacuten13 costeraInadequate13 urban13 drainage13 system13 water13 stays13 in13 during13 sea13 level13 rise13 or13 rain

Nivel13 de13 calle13 vs13 nivel13 del13 mar13 muy13 bajoInsufficient13 coastal13 protecon

10

Principales13 causas13 de13 inundaciones13 en13 Bocagrande13 13 Main13 causes13 of13 flood13 events13 in13 Bocagrande

11

Ilustracioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 en13 Bocagrande13 causada13 por13 el13 aumento13 del13 nivel13 del13 marIllustraon13 of13 flood13 in13 Bocagrande13 caused13 by13 sea13 level13 rise

Seguridad13 Mul-shy‐Capa12

El13 concepto13 central 13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca13 revisada13 de13 seguridad13 del13 13 agua13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 se13 basa13 en13 seguridad13 mulcapa13 En13 este13 concepto13 la13 seguridad13 se13 garan_za13 a13 traveacutes13 de13 muacutel_ples13 capas

113 La13 primera13 capa 13 es13 la13 prevencioacuten13 de13 inundaciones13 mediante13 diques13 dunas13 y13 defensas 13 frente13 a13 tormentas13 y13 e13 inundaciones13 (maacutes13 soacutelidaa 13 y13 enfocada13 en13 el13 futuro)13 La13 prevencioacuten13 sigue13 siendo13 el13 pilar13 principal13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca

213 La 13 segunda13 capa13 es13 lograr13 un13 planeamiento13 sostenible13 del13 territorio13 La13 planificacioacuten13 cuidadosa13 (eleccioacuten13 de13 la13 ubicacioacuten13 y13 usos13 de13 la13 _erra)13 puede13 limitar13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados13 y13 la13 dimensioacuten13 del13 dantildeo13 en13 caso13 de13 inundacioacuten13 Como13 resultado13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 jugaraacute13 un13 papel13 maacutes13 importante13 en13 las 13 consideraciones13 y13 decisiones13 rela_vas13 a13 la13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio

313 La 13 tercera13 capa13 es13 la13 ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 si13 se13 produce13 una13 inundacioacuten13 Una13 buena13 preparacioacuten13 es13 esencial13 para13 ser13 capaz13 de13 responder13 de13 manera13 efec_va13 a13 un13 desastre13 de13 inundacioacuten13 La 13 preparacioacuten13 tambieacuten13 ayuda13 a13 limitar13 el13 grado13 de13 dantildeo13 y13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados

(fuente13 Programa13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

The13 central13 concept13 for13 the13 revised13 water13 safety13 policy13 in13 The13 Netherlands13 is13 formed13 by13 lsquomul-shy‐layer13 safetyrsquo13 In13 this13 concept13 safety13 is13 assured13 through13 mulple13 layers

113 The13 first13 layer13 is13 the13 prevenon13 of13 floods13 through13 strong13 dikes13 dunes13 and13 storm13 and13 flood13 water13 defenses13 (more13 robust13 and13 future-shy‐focused)13 Prevenon13 remains13 the13 primary13 pillar13 of13 the13 policy

213 The13 second13 layer13 is13 achieving13 sustainable13 town13 and13 country13 planning13 Careful13 town13 planning13 (choice13 of13 locaon13 and13 land13 use13 issues)13 can13 limit13 the13 numbers13 affected13 and13 amount13 of13 damage13 if13 flooding13 does13 occur13 As13 a13 result13 the13 flood13 risk13 will13 play13 a13 bigger13 role13 in13 consideraons13 and13 decisions13 relang13 to13 town13 and13 country13 planning

313 The13 third13 layer13 is13 disaster13 management13 if13 a13 flood13 occurs13 Good13 preparaon13 is13 essenal13 to13 be13 able13 to13 respond13 effecvely13 to13 a13 flood13 disaster13 Preparaon13 will13 also13 help13 to13 limit13 the13 amount13 of13 damage13 and13 the13 numbers13 affected

(source13 Programma13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

Mul13 Layer13 SafetyPrevencioacuten13 de13 inundacionesPrimary13 flood13 defense

Planeamiento13 del13 territorioSpaal13 planning

Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 Disaster13 management

1

2

3

Meacutetodo13 de13 referencia13 13 13 13 13 13 Reference13 approach

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

13

Se13 propone13 un13 enfoque13 desde13 la 13 ingenieriacutea 13 del13 paisaje13 como13 un13 meacutetodo13 integral13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 costeros13 que13 sufre13 Cartagena13 Este13 enfoque13 combina13 teacutecnicas13 duras 13 y13 blandas13 basadas13 en13 soluciones13 de13 ingenieriacutea 13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 costera 13 integrada13 con13 los13 valores13 naturales13 y13 sociales 13 del13 lugar13 El13 resultado13 es13 una13 solucioacuten13 integral13 que13 permite13 un13 ambiente13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 donde13 los13 turistas13 y13 los13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo13 de13 Cartagena

En13 este13 estudio13 conceptual13 se13 han13 iden_ficado13 tres13 medidas13 principales13 que13 pueden13 reducir13 tanto13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 como13 las13 inundaciones13 al13 _empo13 que13 mejoran13 el13 turismo13 de13 playa13 en13 Bocagrande

113 Reposicioacuten13 de13 arenaLa13 reposicioacuten13 arena13 es13 una13 medida13 que13 se13 aplica13 con13 eacutexito13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 para13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 Cada13 antildeo13 una13 reducida13 parte13 del13 presupuesto13 de13 mantenimiento13 de13 las 13 defensas13 contra13 inundaciones13 se13 des_na13 a13 esta13 medida13 El13 resultado13 es13 un13 paiacutes13 seguro13 con13 playas13 hermosas

213 Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorioLa13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 es13 el13 segundo13 tema13 clave13 en13 Bocagrande13 Mediante13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 espacios13 puacuteblicos13 y13 privados13 se13 puede13 crear13 un13 entorno13 atrac_vo13 y13 algunos13 elementos13 del13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 pueden13 ser13 integrados13 en13 las13 medidas13 de13 reduccioacuten13 del13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 como13 por13 ejemplo13 un13 boulevard

313 Construccioacuten13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 contra13 inundacionesEl13 tercer13 elemento13 clave13 es13 el13 uso13 de13 construcciones 13 duras13 en13 combinacioacuten13 con13 medidas13 suaves13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 A13 modo13 de13 ejemplo13 en13 un13 resort13 de13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 un13 garaje13 y13 un13 dique13 se13 integran13 dentro13 de13 una13 duna13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

A13 landscape-shy‐engineering13 approach13 is13 proposed13 as13 an13 integral13 method13 to13 address13 the13 coastal13 problems13 in13 Cartagena13 This13 approach13 combines13 so13 and13 hard13 techniques13 based13 in13 engineering13 soluons13 for13 coastal13 protecon13 integrated13 within13 the13 natural13 and13 social13 values13 of13 the13 place13 It13 results13 in13 an13 integral13 soluon13 that13 enables13 a13 safe13 and13 livable13 environment13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 caribbean13 atmosphere13 of13 Cartagena13

In13 this13 conceptual13 study13 three13 main13 measures13 has13 been13 idenfied13 that13 may13 reduce13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 flood13 while13 improving13 beach13 tourism13 in13 Bocagrande

113 Sand13 nourishmentSand13 nourishment13 is13 a13 measure13 which13 is13 successfully13 applied13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 to13 reduce13 the13 flood13 risk13 Every13 year13 a13 small 13 budget13 of13 the13 maintenance13 costs13 of13 flood13 defenses13 is13 spent13 on13 it13 The13 result13 is13 a13 safe13 country13 and13 beauful13 beaches

213 Spaal13 planning13 Spaal13 planning13 is13 the13 second13 key13 issue13 in13 Bocagrande13 By13 developing13 public13 and13 private13 spaces13 an13 a^racve13 environment13 can13 be13 created13 and13 some13 of13 the13 elements13 of13 the13 public13 space13 can13 be13 integrated13 with13 reducon13 of13 flood13 risk13 for13 example13 a13 boulevard

313 Hard13 and13 sogt13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 proteconThe13 third13 key13 element13 is13 the13 use13 of13 hard13 construcon13 in13 combinaon13 with13 so13 coastal13 measures13 As13 an13 example13 in13 one13 of13 the13 resorts13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 a13 garage13 and13 a13 dike13 is13 combined13 within13 a13 dune13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

Ingenieriacutea13 del13 paisaje13 en13 la13 proteccioacuten13 del13 litoral13 13 13 13 13 13 Landscape-shy‐engineering13 on13 coastal13 protecon

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

Reposicioacuten13 de13 arena1

14

La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 _ene13 como13 obje_vo13 recuperar13 el13 balance13 sedimentario13 mediante13 el13 suministro13 de13 las13 playas13 y13 frentes13 litorales13 con13 arena13 de13 la13 plataforma13 con_nental13 o13 en13 su13 defecto13 de13 las13 canteras13 de13 piedra13 arenisca13 del13 interior13 La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 ayuda13 a13 la13 restauracioacuten13 de13 playas13 y13 reduce13 el13 dantildeo13 a13 las13 estructuras13 costeras

Sand13 nourishment

Sand13 nourishment13 aims13 to13 recover13 the13 sediment13 balance13 by13 supplying13 beaches13 and13 shore-shy‐faces13 with13 sand13 from13 the13 connental13 shelf13 or13 alternavely13 from13 inland13 sandstone13 quarries13 Sand13 nourishment13 will13 help13 to13 restores13 beaches13 and13 reduces13 storm13 damage13 to13 coastal13 structures

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

15

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio2Spaal13 planning

La13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 puede13 definir13 un13 amor_guador13 entre13 la13 liacutenea13 de13 costa13 y13 el13 desarrollo13 urbano13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 costeras13 y13 mantener13 la13 resiliencia13 y13 el13 aspecto13 natural13 de13 la13 zona13 costera13 en13 el13 largo13 plazo

Spaal13 planning13 can13 define13 a13 buffer13 between13 the13 coastline13 and13 urban13 development13 in13 order13 to13 reduce13 the13 risk13 of13 coastal13 flooding13 and13 maintain13 the13 resilience13 and13 natural13 appearance13 of13 the13 coastal13 zone13 on13 the13 long13 term13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

5

Mapa13 de13 Cartagena13 13 13 13 Map13 of13 Cartagena13 13

centro13 histoacuterico

marina

puerto13 industrial

Bocagrande

zonas13 industriales

historic13 centre

marina

industrial13 port

Bocagrande

industrial13 areas

6

Cartagena13 vida13 y13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 13 13 Cartagena13 life13 and13 public13 space

7

zona13 de13 estudiostudy13 area

Aacutereas13 de13 vulnerabilidad13 socio-shy‐econoacutemicas13 afectadas13 por13 problemas13 costeros13 13 13 Socio-shy‐economic13 vulnerability13 areas13 affected13 by13 coastal13 problems

8

Inundaciones13 en13 Cartagena13 13 13 13 Flood13 events13 in13 Cartagena

El13 Laguito

Playas13 de13 Bocagrande

9

CasPllo13 Grande

Aacuterea13 de13 estudio13 Bocagrande13 13 13 13 13 Study13 area13 Bocagrande

Sistema13 de13 drenaje13 inadecuado13 acumulacioacuten13 de13 agua13 durante13 marea13 alta13 o13 lluvias13 fuertesLand13 vs13 sea13 level13 too13 low

Insuficiente13 13 proteccioacuten13 costeraInadequate13 urban13 drainage13 system13 water13 stays13 in13 during13 sea13 level13 rise13 or13 rain

Nivel13 de13 calle13 vs13 nivel13 del13 mar13 muy13 bajoInsufficient13 coastal13 protecon

10

Principales13 causas13 de13 inundaciones13 en13 Bocagrande13 13 Main13 causes13 of13 flood13 events13 in13 Bocagrande

11

Ilustracioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 en13 Bocagrande13 causada13 por13 el13 aumento13 del13 nivel13 del13 marIllustraon13 of13 flood13 in13 Bocagrande13 caused13 by13 sea13 level13 rise

Seguridad13 Mul-shy‐Capa12

El13 concepto13 central 13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca13 revisada13 de13 seguridad13 del13 13 agua13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 se13 basa13 en13 seguridad13 mulcapa13 En13 este13 concepto13 la13 seguridad13 se13 garan_za13 a13 traveacutes13 de13 muacutel_ples13 capas

113 La13 primera13 capa 13 es13 la13 prevencioacuten13 de13 inundaciones13 mediante13 diques13 dunas13 y13 defensas 13 frente13 a13 tormentas13 y13 e13 inundaciones13 (maacutes13 soacutelidaa 13 y13 enfocada13 en13 el13 futuro)13 La13 prevencioacuten13 sigue13 siendo13 el13 pilar13 principal13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca

213 La 13 segunda13 capa13 es13 lograr13 un13 planeamiento13 sostenible13 del13 territorio13 La13 planificacioacuten13 cuidadosa13 (eleccioacuten13 de13 la13 ubicacioacuten13 y13 usos13 de13 la13 _erra)13 puede13 limitar13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados13 y13 la13 dimensioacuten13 del13 dantildeo13 en13 caso13 de13 inundacioacuten13 Como13 resultado13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 jugaraacute13 un13 papel13 maacutes13 importante13 en13 las 13 consideraciones13 y13 decisiones13 rela_vas13 a13 la13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio

313 La 13 tercera13 capa13 es13 la13 ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 si13 se13 produce13 una13 inundacioacuten13 Una13 buena13 preparacioacuten13 es13 esencial13 para13 ser13 capaz13 de13 responder13 de13 manera13 efec_va13 a13 un13 desastre13 de13 inundacioacuten13 La 13 preparacioacuten13 tambieacuten13 ayuda13 a13 limitar13 el13 grado13 de13 dantildeo13 y13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados

(fuente13 Programa13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

The13 central13 concept13 for13 the13 revised13 water13 safety13 policy13 in13 The13 Netherlands13 is13 formed13 by13 lsquomul-shy‐layer13 safetyrsquo13 In13 this13 concept13 safety13 is13 assured13 through13 mulple13 layers

113 The13 first13 layer13 is13 the13 prevenon13 of13 floods13 through13 strong13 dikes13 dunes13 and13 storm13 and13 flood13 water13 defenses13 (more13 robust13 and13 future-shy‐focused)13 Prevenon13 remains13 the13 primary13 pillar13 of13 the13 policy

213 The13 second13 layer13 is13 achieving13 sustainable13 town13 and13 country13 planning13 Careful13 town13 planning13 (choice13 of13 locaon13 and13 land13 use13 issues)13 can13 limit13 the13 numbers13 affected13 and13 amount13 of13 damage13 if13 flooding13 does13 occur13 As13 a13 result13 the13 flood13 risk13 will13 play13 a13 bigger13 role13 in13 consideraons13 and13 decisions13 relang13 to13 town13 and13 country13 planning

313 The13 third13 layer13 is13 disaster13 management13 if13 a13 flood13 occurs13 Good13 preparaon13 is13 essenal13 to13 be13 able13 to13 respond13 effecvely13 to13 a13 flood13 disaster13 Preparaon13 will13 also13 help13 to13 limit13 the13 amount13 of13 damage13 and13 the13 numbers13 affected

(source13 Programma13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

Mul13 Layer13 SafetyPrevencioacuten13 de13 inundacionesPrimary13 flood13 defense

Planeamiento13 del13 territorioSpaal13 planning

Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 Disaster13 management

1

2

3

Meacutetodo13 de13 referencia13 13 13 13 13 13 Reference13 approach

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

13

Se13 propone13 un13 enfoque13 desde13 la 13 ingenieriacutea 13 del13 paisaje13 como13 un13 meacutetodo13 integral13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 costeros13 que13 sufre13 Cartagena13 Este13 enfoque13 combina13 teacutecnicas13 duras 13 y13 blandas13 basadas13 en13 soluciones13 de13 ingenieriacutea 13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 costera 13 integrada13 con13 los13 valores13 naturales13 y13 sociales 13 del13 lugar13 El13 resultado13 es13 una13 solucioacuten13 integral13 que13 permite13 un13 ambiente13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 donde13 los13 turistas13 y13 los13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo13 de13 Cartagena

En13 este13 estudio13 conceptual13 se13 han13 iden_ficado13 tres13 medidas13 principales13 que13 pueden13 reducir13 tanto13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 como13 las13 inundaciones13 al13 _empo13 que13 mejoran13 el13 turismo13 de13 playa13 en13 Bocagrande

113 Reposicioacuten13 de13 arenaLa13 reposicioacuten13 arena13 es13 una13 medida13 que13 se13 aplica13 con13 eacutexito13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 para13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 Cada13 antildeo13 una13 reducida13 parte13 del13 presupuesto13 de13 mantenimiento13 de13 las 13 defensas13 contra13 inundaciones13 se13 des_na13 a13 esta13 medida13 El13 resultado13 es13 un13 paiacutes13 seguro13 con13 playas13 hermosas

213 Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorioLa13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 es13 el13 segundo13 tema13 clave13 en13 Bocagrande13 Mediante13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 espacios13 puacuteblicos13 y13 privados13 se13 puede13 crear13 un13 entorno13 atrac_vo13 y13 algunos13 elementos13 del13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 pueden13 ser13 integrados13 en13 las13 medidas13 de13 reduccioacuten13 del13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 como13 por13 ejemplo13 un13 boulevard

313 Construccioacuten13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 contra13 inundacionesEl13 tercer13 elemento13 clave13 es13 el13 uso13 de13 construcciones 13 duras13 en13 combinacioacuten13 con13 medidas13 suaves13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 A13 modo13 de13 ejemplo13 en13 un13 resort13 de13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 un13 garaje13 y13 un13 dique13 se13 integran13 dentro13 de13 una13 duna13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

A13 landscape-shy‐engineering13 approach13 is13 proposed13 as13 an13 integral13 method13 to13 address13 the13 coastal13 problems13 in13 Cartagena13 This13 approach13 combines13 so13 and13 hard13 techniques13 based13 in13 engineering13 soluons13 for13 coastal13 protecon13 integrated13 within13 the13 natural13 and13 social13 values13 of13 the13 place13 It13 results13 in13 an13 integral13 soluon13 that13 enables13 a13 safe13 and13 livable13 environment13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 caribbean13 atmosphere13 of13 Cartagena13

In13 this13 conceptual13 study13 three13 main13 measures13 has13 been13 idenfied13 that13 may13 reduce13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 flood13 while13 improving13 beach13 tourism13 in13 Bocagrande

113 Sand13 nourishmentSand13 nourishment13 is13 a13 measure13 which13 is13 successfully13 applied13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 to13 reduce13 the13 flood13 risk13 Every13 year13 a13 small 13 budget13 of13 the13 maintenance13 costs13 of13 flood13 defenses13 is13 spent13 on13 it13 The13 result13 is13 a13 safe13 country13 and13 beauful13 beaches

213 Spaal13 planning13 Spaal13 planning13 is13 the13 second13 key13 issue13 in13 Bocagrande13 By13 developing13 public13 and13 private13 spaces13 an13 a^racve13 environment13 can13 be13 created13 and13 some13 of13 the13 elements13 of13 the13 public13 space13 can13 be13 integrated13 with13 reducon13 of13 flood13 risk13 for13 example13 a13 boulevard

313 Hard13 and13 sogt13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 proteconThe13 third13 key13 element13 is13 the13 use13 of13 hard13 construcon13 in13 combinaon13 with13 so13 coastal13 measures13 As13 an13 example13 in13 one13 of13 the13 resorts13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 a13 garage13 and13 a13 dike13 is13 combined13 within13 a13 dune13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

Ingenieriacutea13 del13 paisaje13 en13 la13 proteccioacuten13 del13 litoral13 13 13 13 13 13 Landscape-shy‐engineering13 on13 coastal13 protecon

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

Reposicioacuten13 de13 arena1

14

La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 _ene13 como13 obje_vo13 recuperar13 el13 balance13 sedimentario13 mediante13 el13 suministro13 de13 las13 playas13 y13 frentes13 litorales13 con13 arena13 de13 la13 plataforma13 con_nental13 o13 en13 su13 defecto13 de13 las13 canteras13 de13 piedra13 arenisca13 del13 interior13 La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 ayuda13 a13 la13 restauracioacuten13 de13 playas13 y13 reduce13 el13 dantildeo13 a13 las13 estructuras13 costeras

Sand13 nourishment

Sand13 nourishment13 aims13 to13 recover13 the13 sediment13 balance13 by13 supplying13 beaches13 and13 shore-shy‐faces13 with13 sand13 from13 the13 connental13 shelf13 or13 alternavely13 from13 inland13 sandstone13 quarries13 Sand13 nourishment13 will13 help13 to13 restores13 beaches13 and13 reduces13 storm13 damage13 to13 coastal13 structures

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

15

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio2Spaal13 planning

La13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 puede13 definir13 un13 amor_guador13 entre13 la13 liacutenea13 de13 costa13 y13 el13 desarrollo13 urbano13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 costeras13 y13 mantener13 la13 resiliencia13 y13 el13 aspecto13 natural13 de13 la13 zona13 costera13 en13 el13 largo13 plazo

Spaal13 planning13 can13 define13 a13 buffer13 between13 the13 coastline13 and13 urban13 development13 in13 order13 to13 reduce13 the13 risk13 of13 coastal13 flooding13 and13 maintain13 the13 resilience13 and13 natural13 appearance13 of13 the13 coastal13 zone13 on13 the13 long13 term13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

6

Cartagena13 vida13 y13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 13 13 Cartagena13 life13 and13 public13 space

7

zona13 de13 estudiostudy13 area

Aacutereas13 de13 vulnerabilidad13 socio-shy‐econoacutemicas13 afectadas13 por13 problemas13 costeros13 13 13 Socio-shy‐economic13 vulnerability13 areas13 affected13 by13 coastal13 problems

8

Inundaciones13 en13 Cartagena13 13 13 13 Flood13 events13 in13 Cartagena

El13 Laguito

Playas13 de13 Bocagrande

9

CasPllo13 Grande

Aacuterea13 de13 estudio13 Bocagrande13 13 13 13 13 Study13 area13 Bocagrande

Sistema13 de13 drenaje13 inadecuado13 acumulacioacuten13 de13 agua13 durante13 marea13 alta13 o13 lluvias13 fuertesLand13 vs13 sea13 level13 too13 low

Insuficiente13 13 proteccioacuten13 costeraInadequate13 urban13 drainage13 system13 water13 stays13 in13 during13 sea13 level13 rise13 or13 rain

Nivel13 de13 calle13 vs13 nivel13 del13 mar13 muy13 bajoInsufficient13 coastal13 protecon

10

Principales13 causas13 de13 inundaciones13 en13 Bocagrande13 13 Main13 causes13 of13 flood13 events13 in13 Bocagrande

11

Ilustracioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 en13 Bocagrande13 causada13 por13 el13 aumento13 del13 nivel13 del13 marIllustraon13 of13 flood13 in13 Bocagrande13 caused13 by13 sea13 level13 rise

Seguridad13 Mul-shy‐Capa12

El13 concepto13 central 13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca13 revisada13 de13 seguridad13 del13 13 agua13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 se13 basa13 en13 seguridad13 mulcapa13 En13 este13 concepto13 la13 seguridad13 se13 garan_za13 a13 traveacutes13 de13 muacutel_ples13 capas

113 La13 primera13 capa 13 es13 la13 prevencioacuten13 de13 inundaciones13 mediante13 diques13 dunas13 y13 defensas 13 frente13 a13 tormentas13 y13 e13 inundaciones13 (maacutes13 soacutelidaa 13 y13 enfocada13 en13 el13 futuro)13 La13 prevencioacuten13 sigue13 siendo13 el13 pilar13 principal13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca

213 La 13 segunda13 capa13 es13 lograr13 un13 planeamiento13 sostenible13 del13 territorio13 La13 planificacioacuten13 cuidadosa13 (eleccioacuten13 de13 la13 ubicacioacuten13 y13 usos13 de13 la13 _erra)13 puede13 limitar13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados13 y13 la13 dimensioacuten13 del13 dantildeo13 en13 caso13 de13 inundacioacuten13 Como13 resultado13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 jugaraacute13 un13 papel13 maacutes13 importante13 en13 las 13 consideraciones13 y13 decisiones13 rela_vas13 a13 la13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio

313 La 13 tercera13 capa13 es13 la13 ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 si13 se13 produce13 una13 inundacioacuten13 Una13 buena13 preparacioacuten13 es13 esencial13 para13 ser13 capaz13 de13 responder13 de13 manera13 efec_va13 a13 un13 desastre13 de13 inundacioacuten13 La 13 preparacioacuten13 tambieacuten13 ayuda13 a13 limitar13 el13 grado13 de13 dantildeo13 y13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados

(fuente13 Programa13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

The13 central13 concept13 for13 the13 revised13 water13 safety13 policy13 in13 The13 Netherlands13 is13 formed13 by13 lsquomul-shy‐layer13 safetyrsquo13 In13 this13 concept13 safety13 is13 assured13 through13 mulple13 layers

113 The13 first13 layer13 is13 the13 prevenon13 of13 floods13 through13 strong13 dikes13 dunes13 and13 storm13 and13 flood13 water13 defenses13 (more13 robust13 and13 future-shy‐focused)13 Prevenon13 remains13 the13 primary13 pillar13 of13 the13 policy

213 The13 second13 layer13 is13 achieving13 sustainable13 town13 and13 country13 planning13 Careful13 town13 planning13 (choice13 of13 locaon13 and13 land13 use13 issues)13 can13 limit13 the13 numbers13 affected13 and13 amount13 of13 damage13 if13 flooding13 does13 occur13 As13 a13 result13 the13 flood13 risk13 will13 play13 a13 bigger13 role13 in13 consideraons13 and13 decisions13 relang13 to13 town13 and13 country13 planning

313 The13 third13 layer13 is13 disaster13 management13 if13 a13 flood13 occurs13 Good13 preparaon13 is13 essenal13 to13 be13 able13 to13 respond13 effecvely13 to13 a13 flood13 disaster13 Preparaon13 will13 also13 help13 to13 limit13 the13 amount13 of13 damage13 and13 the13 numbers13 affected

(source13 Programma13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

Mul13 Layer13 SafetyPrevencioacuten13 de13 inundacionesPrimary13 flood13 defense

Planeamiento13 del13 territorioSpaal13 planning

Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 Disaster13 management

1

2

3

Meacutetodo13 de13 referencia13 13 13 13 13 13 Reference13 approach

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

13

Se13 propone13 un13 enfoque13 desde13 la 13 ingenieriacutea 13 del13 paisaje13 como13 un13 meacutetodo13 integral13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 costeros13 que13 sufre13 Cartagena13 Este13 enfoque13 combina13 teacutecnicas13 duras 13 y13 blandas13 basadas13 en13 soluciones13 de13 ingenieriacutea 13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 costera 13 integrada13 con13 los13 valores13 naturales13 y13 sociales 13 del13 lugar13 El13 resultado13 es13 una13 solucioacuten13 integral13 que13 permite13 un13 ambiente13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 donde13 los13 turistas13 y13 los13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo13 de13 Cartagena

En13 este13 estudio13 conceptual13 se13 han13 iden_ficado13 tres13 medidas13 principales13 que13 pueden13 reducir13 tanto13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 como13 las13 inundaciones13 al13 _empo13 que13 mejoran13 el13 turismo13 de13 playa13 en13 Bocagrande

113 Reposicioacuten13 de13 arenaLa13 reposicioacuten13 arena13 es13 una13 medida13 que13 se13 aplica13 con13 eacutexito13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 para13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 Cada13 antildeo13 una13 reducida13 parte13 del13 presupuesto13 de13 mantenimiento13 de13 las 13 defensas13 contra13 inundaciones13 se13 des_na13 a13 esta13 medida13 El13 resultado13 es13 un13 paiacutes13 seguro13 con13 playas13 hermosas

213 Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorioLa13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 es13 el13 segundo13 tema13 clave13 en13 Bocagrande13 Mediante13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 espacios13 puacuteblicos13 y13 privados13 se13 puede13 crear13 un13 entorno13 atrac_vo13 y13 algunos13 elementos13 del13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 pueden13 ser13 integrados13 en13 las13 medidas13 de13 reduccioacuten13 del13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 como13 por13 ejemplo13 un13 boulevard

313 Construccioacuten13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 contra13 inundacionesEl13 tercer13 elemento13 clave13 es13 el13 uso13 de13 construcciones 13 duras13 en13 combinacioacuten13 con13 medidas13 suaves13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 A13 modo13 de13 ejemplo13 en13 un13 resort13 de13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 un13 garaje13 y13 un13 dique13 se13 integran13 dentro13 de13 una13 duna13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

A13 landscape-shy‐engineering13 approach13 is13 proposed13 as13 an13 integral13 method13 to13 address13 the13 coastal13 problems13 in13 Cartagena13 This13 approach13 combines13 so13 and13 hard13 techniques13 based13 in13 engineering13 soluons13 for13 coastal13 protecon13 integrated13 within13 the13 natural13 and13 social13 values13 of13 the13 place13 It13 results13 in13 an13 integral13 soluon13 that13 enables13 a13 safe13 and13 livable13 environment13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 caribbean13 atmosphere13 of13 Cartagena13

In13 this13 conceptual13 study13 three13 main13 measures13 has13 been13 idenfied13 that13 may13 reduce13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 flood13 while13 improving13 beach13 tourism13 in13 Bocagrande

113 Sand13 nourishmentSand13 nourishment13 is13 a13 measure13 which13 is13 successfully13 applied13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 to13 reduce13 the13 flood13 risk13 Every13 year13 a13 small 13 budget13 of13 the13 maintenance13 costs13 of13 flood13 defenses13 is13 spent13 on13 it13 The13 result13 is13 a13 safe13 country13 and13 beauful13 beaches

213 Spaal13 planning13 Spaal13 planning13 is13 the13 second13 key13 issue13 in13 Bocagrande13 By13 developing13 public13 and13 private13 spaces13 an13 a^racve13 environment13 can13 be13 created13 and13 some13 of13 the13 elements13 of13 the13 public13 space13 can13 be13 integrated13 with13 reducon13 of13 flood13 risk13 for13 example13 a13 boulevard

313 Hard13 and13 sogt13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 proteconThe13 third13 key13 element13 is13 the13 use13 of13 hard13 construcon13 in13 combinaon13 with13 so13 coastal13 measures13 As13 an13 example13 in13 one13 of13 the13 resorts13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 a13 garage13 and13 a13 dike13 is13 combined13 within13 a13 dune13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

Ingenieriacutea13 del13 paisaje13 en13 la13 proteccioacuten13 del13 litoral13 13 13 13 13 13 Landscape-shy‐engineering13 on13 coastal13 protecon

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

Reposicioacuten13 de13 arena1

14

La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 _ene13 como13 obje_vo13 recuperar13 el13 balance13 sedimentario13 mediante13 el13 suministro13 de13 las13 playas13 y13 frentes13 litorales13 con13 arena13 de13 la13 plataforma13 con_nental13 o13 en13 su13 defecto13 de13 las13 canteras13 de13 piedra13 arenisca13 del13 interior13 La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 ayuda13 a13 la13 restauracioacuten13 de13 playas13 y13 reduce13 el13 dantildeo13 a13 las13 estructuras13 costeras

Sand13 nourishment

Sand13 nourishment13 aims13 to13 recover13 the13 sediment13 balance13 by13 supplying13 beaches13 and13 shore-shy‐faces13 with13 sand13 from13 the13 connental13 shelf13 or13 alternavely13 from13 inland13 sandstone13 quarries13 Sand13 nourishment13 will13 help13 to13 restores13 beaches13 and13 reduces13 storm13 damage13 to13 coastal13 structures

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

15

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio2Spaal13 planning

La13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 puede13 definir13 un13 amor_guador13 entre13 la13 liacutenea13 de13 costa13 y13 el13 desarrollo13 urbano13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 costeras13 y13 mantener13 la13 resiliencia13 y13 el13 aspecto13 natural13 de13 la13 zona13 costera13 en13 el13 largo13 plazo

Spaal13 planning13 can13 define13 a13 buffer13 between13 the13 coastline13 and13 urban13 development13 in13 order13 to13 reduce13 the13 risk13 of13 coastal13 flooding13 and13 maintain13 the13 resilience13 and13 natural13 appearance13 of13 the13 coastal13 zone13 on13 the13 long13 term13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

7

zona13 de13 estudiostudy13 area

Aacutereas13 de13 vulnerabilidad13 socio-shy‐econoacutemicas13 afectadas13 por13 problemas13 costeros13 13 13 Socio-shy‐economic13 vulnerability13 areas13 affected13 by13 coastal13 problems

8

Inundaciones13 en13 Cartagena13 13 13 13 Flood13 events13 in13 Cartagena

El13 Laguito

Playas13 de13 Bocagrande

9

CasPllo13 Grande

Aacuterea13 de13 estudio13 Bocagrande13 13 13 13 13 Study13 area13 Bocagrande

Sistema13 de13 drenaje13 inadecuado13 acumulacioacuten13 de13 agua13 durante13 marea13 alta13 o13 lluvias13 fuertesLand13 vs13 sea13 level13 too13 low

Insuficiente13 13 proteccioacuten13 costeraInadequate13 urban13 drainage13 system13 water13 stays13 in13 during13 sea13 level13 rise13 or13 rain

Nivel13 de13 calle13 vs13 nivel13 del13 mar13 muy13 bajoInsufficient13 coastal13 protecon

10

Principales13 causas13 de13 inundaciones13 en13 Bocagrande13 13 Main13 causes13 of13 flood13 events13 in13 Bocagrande

11

Ilustracioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 en13 Bocagrande13 causada13 por13 el13 aumento13 del13 nivel13 del13 marIllustraon13 of13 flood13 in13 Bocagrande13 caused13 by13 sea13 level13 rise

Seguridad13 Mul-shy‐Capa12

El13 concepto13 central 13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca13 revisada13 de13 seguridad13 del13 13 agua13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 se13 basa13 en13 seguridad13 mulcapa13 En13 este13 concepto13 la13 seguridad13 se13 garan_za13 a13 traveacutes13 de13 muacutel_ples13 capas

113 La13 primera13 capa 13 es13 la13 prevencioacuten13 de13 inundaciones13 mediante13 diques13 dunas13 y13 defensas 13 frente13 a13 tormentas13 y13 e13 inundaciones13 (maacutes13 soacutelidaa 13 y13 enfocada13 en13 el13 futuro)13 La13 prevencioacuten13 sigue13 siendo13 el13 pilar13 principal13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca

213 La 13 segunda13 capa13 es13 lograr13 un13 planeamiento13 sostenible13 del13 territorio13 La13 planificacioacuten13 cuidadosa13 (eleccioacuten13 de13 la13 ubicacioacuten13 y13 usos13 de13 la13 _erra)13 puede13 limitar13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados13 y13 la13 dimensioacuten13 del13 dantildeo13 en13 caso13 de13 inundacioacuten13 Como13 resultado13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 jugaraacute13 un13 papel13 maacutes13 importante13 en13 las 13 consideraciones13 y13 decisiones13 rela_vas13 a13 la13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio

313 La 13 tercera13 capa13 es13 la13 ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 si13 se13 produce13 una13 inundacioacuten13 Una13 buena13 preparacioacuten13 es13 esencial13 para13 ser13 capaz13 de13 responder13 de13 manera13 efec_va13 a13 un13 desastre13 de13 inundacioacuten13 La 13 preparacioacuten13 tambieacuten13 ayuda13 a13 limitar13 el13 grado13 de13 dantildeo13 y13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados

(fuente13 Programa13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

The13 central13 concept13 for13 the13 revised13 water13 safety13 policy13 in13 The13 Netherlands13 is13 formed13 by13 lsquomul-shy‐layer13 safetyrsquo13 In13 this13 concept13 safety13 is13 assured13 through13 mulple13 layers

113 The13 first13 layer13 is13 the13 prevenon13 of13 floods13 through13 strong13 dikes13 dunes13 and13 storm13 and13 flood13 water13 defenses13 (more13 robust13 and13 future-shy‐focused)13 Prevenon13 remains13 the13 primary13 pillar13 of13 the13 policy

213 The13 second13 layer13 is13 achieving13 sustainable13 town13 and13 country13 planning13 Careful13 town13 planning13 (choice13 of13 locaon13 and13 land13 use13 issues)13 can13 limit13 the13 numbers13 affected13 and13 amount13 of13 damage13 if13 flooding13 does13 occur13 As13 a13 result13 the13 flood13 risk13 will13 play13 a13 bigger13 role13 in13 consideraons13 and13 decisions13 relang13 to13 town13 and13 country13 planning

313 The13 third13 layer13 is13 disaster13 management13 if13 a13 flood13 occurs13 Good13 preparaon13 is13 essenal13 to13 be13 able13 to13 respond13 effecvely13 to13 a13 flood13 disaster13 Preparaon13 will13 also13 help13 to13 limit13 the13 amount13 of13 damage13 and13 the13 numbers13 affected

(source13 Programma13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

Mul13 Layer13 SafetyPrevencioacuten13 de13 inundacionesPrimary13 flood13 defense

Planeamiento13 del13 territorioSpaal13 planning

Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 Disaster13 management

1

2

3

Meacutetodo13 de13 referencia13 13 13 13 13 13 Reference13 approach

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

13

Se13 propone13 un13 enfoque13 desde13 la 13 ingenieriacutea 13 del13 paisaje13 como13 un13 meacutetodo13 integral13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 costeros13 que13 sufre13 Cartagena13 Este13 enfoque13 combina13 teacutecnicas13 duras 13 y13 blandas13 basadas13 en13 soluciones13 de13 ingenieriacutea 13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 costera 13 integrada13 con13 los13 valores13 naturales13 y13 sociales 13 del13 lugar13 El13 resultado13 es13 una13 solucioacuten13 integral13 que13 permite13 un13 ambiente13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 donde13 los13 turistas13 y13 los13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo13 de13 Cartagena

En13 este13 estudio13 conceptual13 se13 han13 iden_ficado13 tres13 medidas13 principales13 que13 pueden13 reducir13 tanto13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 como13 las13 inundaciones13 al13 _empo13 que13 mejoran13 el13 turismo13 de13 playa13 en13 Bocagrande

113 Reposicioacuten13 de13 arenaLa13 reposicioacuten13 arena13 es13 una13 medida13 que13 se13 aplica13 con13 eacutexito13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 para13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 Cada13 antildeo13 una13 reducida13 parte13 del13 presupuesto13 de13 mantenimiento13 de13 las 13 defensas13 contra13 inundaciones13 se13 des_na13 a13 esta13 medida13 El13 resultado13 es13 un13 paiacutes13 seguro13 con13 playas13 hermosas

213 Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorioLa13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 es13 el13 segundo13 tema13 clave13 en13 Bocagrande13 Mediante13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 espacios13 puacuteblicos13 y13 privados13 se13 puede13 crear13 un13 entorno13 atrac_vo13 y13 algunos13 elementos13 del13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 pueden13 ser13 integrados13 en13 las13 medidas13 de13 reduccioacuten13 del13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 como13 por13 ejemplo13 un13 boulevard

313 Construccioacuten13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 contra13 inundacionesEl13 tercer13 elemento13 clave13 es13 el13 uso13 de13 construcciones 13 duras13 en13 combinacioacuten13 con13 medidas13 suaves13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 A13 modo13 de13 ejemplo13 en13 un13 resort13 de13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 un13 garaje13 y13 un13 dique13 se13 integran13 dentro13 de13 una13 duna13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

A13 landscape-shy‐engineering13 approach13 is13 proposed13 as13 an13 integral13 method13 to13 address13 the13 coastal13 problems13 in13 Cartagena13 This13 approach13 combines13 so13 and13 hard13 techniques13 based13 in13 engineering13 soluons13 for13 coastal13 protecon13 integrated13 within13 the13 natural13 and13 social13 values13 of13 the13 place13 It13 results13 in13 an13 integral13 soluon13 that13 enables13 a13 safe13 and13 livable13 environment13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 caribbean13 atmosphere13 of13 Cartagena13

In13 this13 conceptual13 study13 three13 main13 measures13 has13 been13 idenfied13 that13 may13 reduce13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 flood13 while13 improving13 beach13 tourism13 in13 Bocagrande

113 Sand13 nourishmentSand13 nourishment13 is13 a13 measure13 which13 is13 successfully13 applied13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 to13 reduce13 the13 flood13 risk13 Every13 year13 a13 small 13 budget13 of13 the13 maintenance13 costs13 of13 flood13 defenses13 is13 spent13 on13 it13 The13 result13 is13 a13 safe13 country13 and13 beauful13 beaches

213 Spaal13 planning13 Spaal13 planning13 is13 the13 second13 key13 issue13 in13 Bocagrande13 By13 developing13 public13 and13 private13 spaces13 an13 a^racve13 environment13 can13 be13 created13 and13 some13 of13 the13 elements13 of13 the13 public13 space13 can13 be13 integrated13 with13 reducon13 of13 flood13 risk13 for13 example13 a13 boulevard

313 Hard13 and13 sogt13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 proteconThe13 third13 key13 element13 is13 the13 use13 of13 hard13 construcon13 in13 combinaon13 with13 so13 coastal13 measures13 As13 an13 example13 in13 one13 of13 the13 resorts13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 a13 garage13 and13 a13 dike13 is13 combined13 within13 a13 dune13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

Ingenieriacutea13 del13 paisaje13 en13 la13 proteccioacuten13 del13 litoral13 13 13 13 13 13 Landscape-shy‐engineering13 on13 coastal13 protecon

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

Reposicioacuten13 de13 arena1

14

La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 _ene13 como13 obje_vo13 recuperar13 el13 balance13 sedimentario13 mediante13 el13 suministro13 de13 las13 playas13 y13 frentes13 litorales13 con13 arena13 de13 la13 plataforma13 con_nental13 o13 en13 su13 defecto13 de13 las13 canteras13 de13 piedra13 arenisca13 del13 interior13 La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 ayuda13 a13 la13 restauracioacuten13 de13 playas13 y13 reduce13 el13 dantildeo13 a13 las13 estructuras13 costeras

Sand13 nourishment

Sand13 nourishment13 aims13 to13 recover13 the13 sediment13 balance13 by13 supplying13 beaches13 and13 shore-shy‐faces13 with13 sand13 from13 the13 connental13 shelf13 or13 alternavely13 from13 inland13 sandstone13 quarries13 Sand13 nourishment13 will13 help13 to13 restores13 beaches13 and13 reduces13 storm13 damage13 to13 coastal13 structures

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

15

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio2Spaal13 planning

La13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 puede13 definir13 un13 amor_guador13 entre13 la13 liacutenea13 de13 costa13 y13 el13 desarrollo13 urbano13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 costeras13 y13 mantener13 la13 resiliencia13 y13 el13 aspecto13 natural13 de13 la13 zona13 costera13 en13 el13 largo13 plazo

Spaal13 planning13 can13 define13 a13 buffer13 between13 the13 coastline13 and13 urban13 development13 in13 order13 to13 reduce13 the13 risk13 of13 coastal13 flooding13 and13 maintain13 the13 resilience13 and13 natural13 appearance13 of13 the13 coastal13 zone13 on13 the13 long13 term13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

8

Inundaciones13 en13 Cartagena13 13 13 13 Flood13 events13 in13 Cartagena

El13 Laguito

Playas13 de13 Bocagrande

9

CasPllo13 Grande

Aacuterea13 de13 estudio13 Bocagrande13 13 13 13 13 Study13 area13 Bocagrande

Sistema13 de13 drenaje13 inadecuado13 acumulacioacuten13 de13 agua13 durante13 marea13 alta13 o13 lluvias13 fuertesLand13 vs13 sea13 level13 too13 low

Insuficiente13 13 proteccioacuten13 costeraInadequate13 urban13 drainage13 system13 water13 stays13 in13 during13 sea13 level13 rise13 or13 rain

Nivel13 de13 calle13 vs13 nivel13 del13 mar13 muy13 bajoInsufficient13 coastal13 protecon

10

Principales13 causas13 de13 inundaciones13 en13 Bocagrande13 13 Main13 causes13 of13 flood13 events13 in13 Bocagrande

11

Ilustracioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 en13 Bocagrande13 causada13 por13 el13 aumento13 del13 nivel13 del13 marIllustraon13 of13 flood13 in13 Bocagrande13 caused13 by13 sea13 level13 rise

Seguridad13 Mul-shy‐Capa12

El13 concepto13 central 13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca13 revisada13 de13 seguridad13 del13 13 agua13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 se13 basa13 en13 seguridad13 mulcapa13 En13 este13 concepto13 la13 seguridad13 se13 garan_za13 a13 traveacutes13 de13 muacutel_ples13 capas

113 La13 primera13 capa 13 es13 la13 prevencioacuten13 de13 inundaciones13 mediante13 diques13 dunas13 y13 defensas 13 frente13 a13 tormentas13 y13 e13 inundaciones13 (maacutes13 soacutelidaa 13 y13 enfocada13 en13 el13 futuro)13 La13 prevencioacuten13 sigue13 siendo13 el13 pilar13 principal13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca

213 La 13 segunda13 capa13 es13 lograr13 un13 planeamiento13 sostenible13 del13 territorio13 La13 planificacioacuten13 cuidadosa13 (eleccioacuten13 de13 la13 ubicacioacuten13 y13 usos13 de13 la13 _erra)13 puede13 limitar13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados13 y13 la13 dimensioacuten13 del13 dantildeo13 en13 caso13 de13 inundacioacuten13 Como13 resultado13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 jugaraacute13 un13 papel13 maacutes13 importante13 en13 las 13 consideraciones13 y13 decisiones13 rela_vas13 a13 la13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio

313 La 13 tercera13 capa13 es13 la13 ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 si13 se13 produce13 una13 inundacioacuten13 Una13 buena13 preparacioacuten13 es13 esencial13 para13 ser13 capaz13 de13 responder13 de13 manera13 efec_va13 a13 un13 desastre13 de13 inundacioacuten13 La 13 preparacioacuten13 tambieacuten13 ayuda13 a13 limitar13 el13 grado13 de13 dantildeo13 y13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados

(fuente13 Programa13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

The13 central13 concept13 for13 the13 revised13 water13 safety13 policy13 in13 The13 Netherlands13 is13 formed13 by13 lsquomul-shy‐layer13 safetyrsquo13 In13 this13 concept13 safety13 is13 assured13 through13 mulple13 layers

113 The13 first13 layer13 is13 the13 prevenon13 of13 floods13 through13 strong13 dikes13 dunes13 and13 storm13 and13 flood13 water13 defenses13 (more13 robust13 and13 future-shy‐focused)13 Prevenon13 remains13 the13 primary13 pillar13 of13 the13 policy

213 The13 second13 layer13 is13 achieving13 sustainable13 town13 and13 country13 planning13 Careful13 town13 planning13 (choice13 of13 locaon13 and13 land13 use13 issues)13 can13 limit13 the13 numbers13 affected13 and13 amount13 of13 damage13 if13 flooding13 does13 occur13 As13 a13 result13 the13 flood13 risk13 will13 play13 a13 bigger13 role13 in13 consideraons13 and13 decisions13 relang13 to13 town13 and13 country13 planning

313 The13 third13 layer13 is13 disaster13 management13 if13 a13 flood13 occurs13 Good13 preparaon13 is13 essenal13 to13 be13 able13 to13 respond13 effecvely13 to13 a13 flood13 disaster13 Preparaon13 will13 also13 help13 to13 limit13 the13 amount13 of13 damage13 and13 the13 numbers13 affected

(source13 Programma13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

Mul13 Layer13 SafetyPrevencioacuten13 de13 inundacionesPrimary13 flood13 defense

Planeamiento13 del13 territorioSpaal13 planning

Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 Disaster13 management

1

2

3

Meacutetodo13 de13 referencia13 13 13 13 13 13 Reference13 approach

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

13

Se13 propone13 un13 enfoque13 desde13 la 13 ingenieriacutea 13 del13 paisaje13 como13 un13 meacutetodo13 integral13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 costeros13 que13 sufre13 Cartagena13 Este13 enfoque13 combina13 teacutecnicas13 duras 13 y13 blandas13 basadas13 en13 soluciones13 de13 ingenieriacutea 13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 costera 13 integrada13 con13 los13 valores13 naturales13 y13 sociales 13 del13 lugar13 El13 resultado13 es13 una13 solucioacuten13 integral13 que13 permite13 un13 ambiente13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 donde13 los13 turistas13 y13 los13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo13 de13 Cartagena

En13 este13 estudio13 conceptual13 se13 han13 iden_ficado13 tres13 medidas13 principales13 que13 pueden13 reducir13 tanto13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 como13 las13 inundaciones13 al13 _empo13 que13 mejoran13 el13 turismo13 de13 playa13 en13 Bocagrande

113 Reposicioacuten13 de13 arenaLa13 reposicioacuten13 arena13 es13 una13 medida13 que13 se13 aplica13 con13 eacutexito13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 para13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 Cada13 antildeo13 una13 reducida13 parte13 del13 presupuesto13 de13 mantenimiento13 de13 las 13 defensas13 contra13 inundaciones13 se13 des_na13 a13 esta13 medida13 El13 resultado13 es13 un13 paiacutes13 seguro13 con13 playas13 hermosas

213 Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorioLa13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 es13 el13 segundo13 tema13 clave13 en13 Bocagrande13 Mediante13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 espacios13 puacuteblicos13 y13 privados13 se13 puede13 crear13 un13 entorno13 atrac_vo13 y13 algunos13 elementos13 del13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 pueden13 ser13 integrados13 en13 las13 medidas13 de13 reduccioacuten13 del13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 como13 por13 ejemplo13 un13 boulevard

313 Construccioacuten13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 contra13 inundacionesEl13 tercer13 elemento13 clave13 es13 el13 uso13 de13 construcciones 13 duras13 en13 combinacioacuten13 con13 medidas13 suaves13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 A13 modo13 de13 ejemplo13 en13 un13 resort13 de13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 un13 garaje13 y13 un13 dique13 se13 integran13 dentro13 de13 una13 duna13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

A13 landscape-shy‐engineering13 approach13 is13 proposed13 as13 an13 integral13 method13 to13 address13 the13 coastal13 problems13 in13 Cartagena13 This13 approach13 combines13 so13 and13 hard13 techniques13 based13 in13 engineering13 soluons13 for13 coastal13 protecon13 integrated13 within13 the13 natural13 and13 social13 values13 of13 the13 place13 It13 results13 in13 an13 integral13 soluon13 that13 enables13 a13 safe13 and13 livable13 environment13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 caribbean13 atmosphere13 of13 Cartagena13

In13 this13 conceptual13 study13 three13 main13 measures13 has13 been13 idenfied13 that13 may13 reduce13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 flood13 while13 improving13 beach13 tourism13 in13 Bocagrande

113 Sand13 nourishmentSand13 nourishment13 is13 a13 measure13 which13 is13 successfully13 applied13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 to13 reduce13 the13 flood13 risk13 Every13 year13 a13 small 13 budget13 of13 the13 maintenance13 costs13 of13 flood13 defenses13 is13 spent13 on13 it13 The13 result13 is13 a13 safe13 country13 and13 beauful13 beaches

213 Spaal13 planning13 Spaal13 planning13 is13 the13 second13 key13 issue13 in13 Bocagrande13 By13 developing13 public13 and13 private13 spaces13 an13 a^racve13 environment13 can13 be13 created13 and13 some13 of13 the13 elements13 of13 the13 public13 space13 can13 be13 integrated13 with13 reducon13 of13 flood13 risk13 for13 example13 a13 boulevard

313 Hard13 and13 sogt13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 proteconThe13 third13 key13 element13 is13 the13 use13 of13 hard13 construcon13 in13 combinaon13 with13 so13 coastal13 measures13 As13 an13 example13 in13 one13 of13 the13 resorts13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 a13 garage13 and13 a13 dike13 is13 combined13 within13 a13 dune13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

Ingenieriacutea13 del13 paisaje13 en13 la13 proteccioacuten13 del13 litoral13 13 13 13 13 13 Landscape-shy‐engineering13 on13 coastal13 protecon

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

Reposicioacuten13 de13 arena1

14

La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 _ene13 como13 obje_vo13 recuperar13 el13 balance13 sedimentario13 mediante13 el13 suministro13 de13 las13 playas13 y13 frentes13 litorales13 con13 arena13 de13 la13 plataforma13 con_nental13 o13 en13 su13 defecto13 de13 las13 canteras13 de13 piedra13 arenisca13 del13 interior13 La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 ayuda13 a13 la13 restauracioacuten13 de13 playas13 y13 reduce13 el13 dantildeo13 a13 las13 estructuras13 costeras

Sand13 nourishment

Sand13 nourishment13 aims13 to13 recover13 the13 sediment13 balance13 by13 supplying13 beaches13 and13 shore-shy‐faces13 with13 sand13 from13 the13 connental13 shelf13 or13 alternavely13 from13 inland13 sandstone13 quarries13 Sand13 nourishment13 will13 help13 to13 restores13 beaches13 and13 reduces13 storm13 damage13 to13 coastal13 structures

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

15

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio2Spaal13 planning

La13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 puede13 definir13 un13 amor_guador13 entre13 la13 liacutenea13 de13 costa13 y13 el13 desarrollo13 urbano13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 costeras13 y13 mantener13 la13 resiliencia13 y13 el13 aspecto13 natural13 de13 la13 zona13 costera13 en13 el13 largo13 plazo

Spaal13 planning13 can13 define13 a13 buffer13 between13 the13 coastline13 and13 urban13 development13 in13 order13 to13 reduce13 the13 risk13 of13 coastal13 flooding13 and13 maintain13 the13 resilience13 and13 natural13 appearance13 of13 the13 coastal13 zone13 on13 the13 long13 term13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

El13 Laguito

Playas13 de13 Bocagrande

9

CasPllo13 Grande

Aacuterea13 de13 estudio13 Bocagrande13 13 13 13 13 Study13 area13 Bocagrande

Sistema13 de13 drenaje13 inadecuado13 acumulacioacuten13 de13 agua13 durante13 marea13 alta13 o13 lluvias13 fuertesLand13 vs13 sea13 level13 too13 low

Insuficiente13 13 proteccioacuten13 costeraInadequate13 urban13 drainage13 system13 water13 stays13 in13 during13 sea13 level13 rise13 or13 rain

Nivel13 de13 calle13 vs13 nivel13 del13 mar13 muy13 bajoInsufficient13 coastal13 protecon

10

Principales13 causas13 de13 inundaciones13 en13 Bocagrande13 13 Main13 causes13 of13 flood13 events13 in13 Bocagrande

11

Ilustracioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 en13 Bocagrande13 causada13 por13 el13 aumento13 del13 nivel13 del13 marIllustraon13 of13 flood13 in13 Bocagrande13 caused13 by13 sea13 level13 rise

Seguridad13 Mul-shy‐Capa12

El13 concepto13 central 13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca13 revisada13 de13 seguridad13 del13 13 agua13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 se13 basa13 en13 seguridad13 mulcapa13 En13 este13 concepto13 la13 seguridad13 se13 garan_za13 a13 traveacutes13 de13 muacutel_ples13 capas

113 La13 primera13 capa 13 es13 la13 prevencioacuten13 de13 inundaciones13 mediante13 diques13 dunas13 y13 defensas 13 frente13 a13 tormentas13 y13 e13 inundaciones13 (maacutes13 soacutelidaa 13 y13 enfocada13 en13 el13 futuro)13 La13 prevencioacuten13 sigue13 siendo13 el13 pilar13 principal13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca

213 La 13 segunda13 capa13 es13 lograr13 un13 planeamiento13 sostenible13 del13 territorio13 La13 planificacioacuten13 cuidadosa13 (eleccioacuten13 de13 la13 ubicacioacuten13 y13 usos13 de13 la13 _erra)13 puede13 limitar13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados13 y13 la13 dimensioacuten13 del13 dantildeo13 en13 caso13 de13 inundacioacuten13 Como13 resultado13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 jugaraacute13 un13 papel13 maacutes13 importante13 en13 las 13 consideraciones13 y13 decisiones13 rela_vas13 a13 la13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio

313 La 13 tercera13 capa13 es13 la13 ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 si13 se13 produce13 una13 inundacioacuten13 Una13 buena13 preparacioacuten13 es13 esencial13 para13 ser13 capaz13 de13 responder13 de13 manera13 efec_va13 a13 un13 desastre13 de13 inundacioacuten13 La 13 preparacioacuten13 tambieacuten13 ayuda13 a13 limitar13 el13 grado13 de13 dantildeo13 y13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados

(fuente13 Programa13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

The13 central13 concept13 for13 the13 revised13 water13 safety13 policy13 in13 The13 Netherlands13 is13 formed13 by13 lsquomul-shy‐layer13 safetyrsquo13 In13 this13 concept13 safety13 is13 assured13 through13 mulple13 layers

113 The13 first13 layer13 is13 the13 prevenon13 of13 floods13 through13 strong13 dikes13 dunes13 and13 storm13 and13 flood13 water13 defenses13 (more13 robust13 and13 future-shy‐focused)13 Prevenon13 remains13 the13 primary13 pillar13 of13 the13 policy

213 The13 second13 layer13 is13 achieving13 sustainable13 town13 and13 country13 planning13 Careful13 town13 planning13 (choice13 of13 locaon13 and13 land13 use13 issues)13 can13 limit13 the13 numbers13 affected13 and13 amount13 of13 damage13 if13 flooding13 does13 occur13 As13 a13 result13 the13 flood13 risk13 will13 play13 a13 bigger13 role13 in13 consideraons13 and13 decisions13 relang13 to13 town13 and13 country13 planning

313 The13 third13 layer13 is13 disaster13 management13 if13 a13 flood13 occurs13 Good13 preparaon13 is13 essenal13 to13 be13 able13 to13 respond13 effecvely13 to13 a13 flood13 disaster13 Preparaon13 will13 also13 help13 to13 limit13 the13 amount13 of13 damage13 and13 the13 numbers13 affected

(source13 Programma13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

Mul13 Layer13 SafetyPrevencioacuten13 de13 inundacionesPrimary13 flood13 defense

Planeamiento13 del13 territorioSpaal13 planning

Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 Disaster13 management

1

2

3

Meacutetodo13 de13 referencia13 13 13 13 13 13 Reference13 approach

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

13

Se13 propone13 un13 enfoque13 desde13 la 13 ingenieriacutea 13 del13 paisaje13 como13 un13 meacutetodo13 integral13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 costeros13 que13 sufre13 Cartagena13 Este13 enfoque13 combina13 teacutecnicas13 duras 13 y13 blandas13 basadas13 en13 soluciones13 de13 ingenieriacutea 13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 costera 13 integrada13 con13 los13 valores13 naturales13 y13 sociales 13 del13 lugar13 El13 resultado13 es13 una13 solucioacuten13 integral13 que13 permite13 un13 ambiente13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 donde13 los13 turistas13 y13 los13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo13 de13 Cartagena

En13 este13 estudio13 conceptual13 se13 han13 iden_ficado13 tres13 medidas13 principales13 que13 pueden13 reducir13 tanto13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 como13 las13 inundaciones13 al13 _empo13 que13 mejoran13 el13 turismo13 de13 playa13 en13 Bocagrande

113 Reposicioacuten13 de13 arenaLa13 reposicioacuten13 arena13 es13 una13 medida13 que13 se13 aplica13 con13 eacutexito13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 para13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 Cada13 antildeo13 una13 reducida13 parte13 del13 presupuesto13 de13 mantenimiento13 de13 las 13 defensas13 contra13 inundaciones13 se13 des_na13 a13 esta13 medida13 El13 resultado13 es13 un13 paiacutes13 seguro13 con13 playas13 hermosas

213 Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorioLa13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 es13 el13 segundo13 tema13 clave13 en13 Bocagrande13 Mediante13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 espacios13 puacuteblicos13 y13 privados13 se13 puede13 crear13 un13 entorno13 atrac_vo13 y13 algunos13 elementos13 del13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 pueden13 ser13 integrados13 en13 las13 medidas13 de13 reduccioacuten13 del13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 como13 por13 ejemplo13 un13 boulevard

313 Construccioacuten13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 contra13 inundacionesEl13 tercer13 elemento13 clave13 es13 el13 uso13 de13 construcciones 13 duras13 en13 combinacioacuten13 con13 medidas13 suaves13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 A13 modo13 de13 ejemplo13 en13 un13 resort13 de13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 un13 garaje13 y13 un13 dique13 se13 integran13 dentro13 de13 una13 duna13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

A13 landscape-shy‐engineering13 approach13 is13 proposed13 as13 an13 integral13 method13 to13 address13 the13 coastal13 problems13 in13 Cartagena13 This13 approach13 combines13 so13 and13 hard13 techniques13 based13 in13 engineering13 soluons13 for13 coastal13 protecon13 integrated13 within13 the13 natural13 and13 social13 values13 of13 the13 place13 It13 results13 in13 an13 integral13 soluon13 that13 enables13 a13 safe13 and13 livable13 environment13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 caribbean13 atmosphere13 of13 Cartagena13

In13 this13 conceptual13 study13 three13 main13 measures13 has13 been13 idenfied13 that13 may13 reduce13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 flood13 while13 improving13 beach13 tourism13 in13 Bocagrande

113 Sand13 nourishmentSand13 nourishment13 is13 a13 measure13 which13 is13 successfully13 applied13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 to13 reduce13 the13 flood13 risk13 Every13 year13 a13 small 13 budget13 of13 the13 maintenance13 costs13 of13 flood13 defenses13 is13 spent13 on13 it13 The13 result13 is13 a13 safe13 country13 and13 beauful13 beaches

213 Spaal13 planning13 Spaal13 planning13 is13 the13 second13 key13 issue13 in13 Bocagrande13 By13 developing13 public13 and13 private13 spaces13 an13 a^racve13 environment13 can13 be13 created13 and13 some13 of13 the13 elements13 of13 the13 public13 space13 can13 be13 integrated13 with13 reducon13 of13 flood13 risk13 for13 example13 a13 boulevard

313 Hard13 and13 sogt13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 proteconThe13 third13 key13 element13 is13 the13 use13 of13 hard13 construcon13 in13 combinaon13 with13 so13 coastal13 measures13 As13 an13 example13 in13 one13 of13 the13 resorts13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 a13 garage13 and13 a13 dike13 is13 combined13 within13 a13 dune13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

Ingenieriacutea13 del13 paisaje13 en13 la13 proteccioacuten13 del13 litoral13 13 13 13 13 13 Landscape-shy‐engineering13 on13 coastal13 protecon

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

Reposicioacuten13 de13 arena1

14

La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 _ene13 como13 obje_vo13 recuperar13 el13 balance13 sedimentario13 mediante13 el13 suministro13 de13 las13 playas13 y13 frentes13 litorales13 con13 arena13 de13 la13 plataforma13 con_nental13 o13 en13 su13 defecto13 de13 las13 canteras13 de13 piedra13 arenisca13 del13 interior13 La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 ayuda13 a13 la13 restauracioacuten13 de13 playas13 y13 reduce13 el13 dantildeo13 a13 las13 estructuras13 costeras

Sand13 nourishment

Sand13 nourishment13 aims13 to13 recover13 the13 sediment13 balance13 by13 supplying13 beaches13 and13 shore-shy‐faces13 with13 sand13 from13 the13 connental13 shelf13 or13 alternavely13 from13 inland13 sandstone13 quarries13 Sand13 nourishment13 will13 help13 to13 restores13 beaches13 and13 reduces13 storm13 damage13 to13 coastal13 structures

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

15

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio2Spaal13 planning

La13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 puede13 definir13 un13 amor_guador13 entre13 la13 liacutenea13 de13 costa13 y13 el13 desarrollo13 urbano13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 costeras13 y13 mantener13 la13 resiliencia13 y13 el13 aspecto13 natural13 de13 la13 zona13 costera13 en13 el13 largo13 plazo

Spaal13 planning13 can13 define13 a13 buffer13 between13 the13 coastline13 and13 urban13 development13 in13 order13 to13 reduce13 the13 risk13 of13 coastal13 flooding13 and13 maintain13 the13 resilience13 and13 natural13 appearance13 of13 the13 coastal13 zone13 on13 the13 long13 term13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

Sistema13 de13 drenaje13 inadecuado13 acumulacioacuten13 de13 agua13 durante13 marea13 alta13 o13 lluvias13 fuertesLand13 vs13 sea13 level13 too13 low

Insuficiente13 13 proteccioacuten13 costeraInadequate13 urban13 drainage13 system13 water13 stays13 in13 during13 sea13 level13 rise13 or13 rain

Nivel13 de13 calle13 vs13 nivel13 del13 mar13 muy13 bajoInsufficient13 coastal13 protecon

10

Principales13 causas13 de13 inundaciones13 en13 Bocagrande13 13 Main13 causes13 of13 flood13 events13 in13 Bocagrande

11

Ilustracioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 en13 Bocagrande13 causada13 por13 el13 aumento13 del13 nivel13 del13 marIllustraon13 of13 flood13 in13 Bocagrande13 caused13 by13 sea13 level13 rise

Seguridad13 Mul-shy‐Capa12

El13 concepto13 central 13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca13 revisada13 de13 seguridad13 del13 13 agua13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 se13 basa13 en13 seguridad13 mulcapa13 En13 este13 concepto13 la13 seguridad13 se13 garan_za13 a13 traveacutes13 de13 muacutel_ples13 capas

113 La13 primera13 capa 13 es13 la13 prevencioacuten13 de13 inundaciones13 mediante13 diques13 dunas13 y13 defensas 13 frente13 a13 tormentas13 y13 e13 inundaciones13 (maacutes13 soacutelidaa 13 y13 enfocada13 en13 el13 futuro)13 La13 prevencioacuten13 sigue13 siendo13 el13 pilar13 principal13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca

213 La 13 segunda13 capa13 es13 lograr13 un13 planeamiento13 sostenible13 del13 territorio13 La13 planificacioacuten13 cuidadosa13 (eleccioacuten13 de13 la13 ubicacioacuten13 y13 usos13 de13 la13 _erra)13 puede13 limitar13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados13 y13 la13 dimensioacuten13 del13 dantildeo13 en13 caso13 de13 inundacioacuten13 Como13 resultado13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 jugaraacute13 un13 papel13 maacutes13 importante13 en13 las 13 consideraciones13 y13 decisiones13 rela_vas13 a13 la13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio

313 La 13 tercera13 capa13 es13 la13 ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 si13 se13 produce13 una13 inundacioacuten13 Una13 buena13 preparacioacuten13 es13 esencial13 para13 ser13 capaz13 de13 responder13 de13 manera13 efec_va13 a13 un13 desastre13 de13 inundacioacuten13 La 13 preparacioacuten13 tambieacuten13 ayuda13 a13 limitar13 el13 grado13 de13 dantildeo13 y13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados

(fuente13 Programa13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

The13 central13 concept13 for13 the13 revised13 water13 safety13 policy13 in13 The13 Netherlands13 is13 formed13 by13 lsquomul-shy‐layer13 safetyrsquo13 In13 this13 concept13 safety13 is13 assured13 through13 mulple13 layers

113 The13 first13 layer13 is13 the13 prevenon13 of13 floods13 through13 strong13 dikes13 dunes13 and13 storm13 and13 flood13 water13 defenses13 (more13 robust13 and13 future-shy‐focused)13 Prevenon13 remains13 the13 primary13 pillar13 of13 the13 policy

213 The13 second13 layer13 is13 achieving13 sustainable13 town13 and13 country13 planning13 Careful13 town13 planning13 (choice13 of13 locaon13 and13 land13 use13 issues)13 can13 limit13 the13 numbers13 affected13 and13 amount13 of13 damage13 if13 flooding13 does13 occur13 As13 a13 result13 the13 flood13 risk13 will13 play13 a13 bigger13 role13 in13 consideraons13 and13 decisions13 relang13 to13 town13 and13 country13 planning

313 The13 third13 layer13 is13 disaster13 management13 if13 a13 flood13 occurs13 Good13 preparaon13 is13 essenal13 to13 be13 able13 to13 respond13 effecvely13 to13 a13 flood13 disaster13 Preparaon13 will13 also13 help13 to13 limit13 the13 amount13 of13 damage13 and13 the13 numbers13 affected

(source13 Programma13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

Mul13 Layer13 SafetyPrevencioacuten13 de13 inundacionesPrimary13 flood13 defense

Planeamiento13 del13 territorioSpaal13 planning

Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 Disaster13 management

1

2

3

Meacutetodo13 de13 referencia13 13 13 13 13 13 Reference13 approach

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

13

Se13 propone13 un13 enfoque13 desde13 la 13 ingenieriacutea 13 del13 paisaje13 como13 un13 meacutetodo13 integral13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 costeros13 que13 sufre13 Cartagena13 Este13 enfoque13 combina13 teacutecnicas13 duras 13 y13 blandas13 basadas13 en13 soluciones13 de13 ingenieriacutea 13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 costera 13 integrada13 con13 los13 valores13 naturales13 y13 sociales 13 del13 lugar13 El13 resultado13 es13 una13 solucioacuten13 integral13 que13 permite13 un13 ambiente13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 donde13 los13 turistas13 y13 los13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo13 de13 Cartagena

En13 este13 estudio13 conceptual13 se13 han13 iden_ficado13 tres13 medidas13 principales13 que13 pueden13 reducir13 tanto13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 como13 las13 inundaciones13 al13 _empo13 que13 mejoran13 el13 turismo13 de13 playa13 en13 Bocagrande

113 Reposicioacuten13 de13 arenaLa13 reposicioacuten13 arena13 es13 una13 medida13 que13 se13 aplica13 con13 eacutexito13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 para13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 Cada13 antildeo13 una13 reducida13 parte13 del13 presupuesto13 de13 mantenimiento13 de13 las 13 defensas13 contra13 inundaciones13 se13 des_na13 a13 esta13 medida13 El13 resultado13 es13 un13 paiacutes13 seguro13 con13 playas13 hermosas

213 Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorioLa13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 es13 el13 segundo13 tema13 clave13 en13 Bocagrande13 Mediante13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 espacios13 puacuteblicos13 y13 privados13 se13 puede13 crear13 un13 entorno13 atrac_vo13 y13 algunos13 elementos13 del13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 pueden13 ser13 integrados13 en13 las13 medidas13 de13 reduccioacuten13 del13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 como13 por13 ejemplo13 un13 boulevard

313 Construccioacuten13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 contra13 inundacionesEl13 tercer13 elemento13 clave13 es13 el13 uso13 de13 construcciones 13 duras13 en13 combinacioacuten13 con13 medidas13 suaves13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 A13 modo13 de13 ejemplo13 en13 un13 resort13 de13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 un13 garaje13 y13 un13 dique13 se13 integran13 dentro13 de13 una13 duna13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

A13 landscape-shy‐engineering13 approach13 is13 proposed13 as13 an13 integral13 method13 to13 address13 the13 coastal13 problems13 in13 Cartagena13 This13 approach13 combines13 so13 and13 hard13 techniques13 based13 in13 engineering13 soluons13 for13 coastal13 protecon13 integrated13 within13 the13 natural13 and13 social13 values13 of13 the13 place13 It13 results13 in13 an13 integral13 soluon13 that13 enables13 a13 safe13 and13 livable13 environment13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 caribbean13 atmosphere13 of13 Cartagena13

In13 this13 conceptual13 study13 three13 main13 measures13 has13 been13 idenfied13 that13 may13 reduce13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 flood13 while13 improving13 beach13 tourism13 in13 Bocagrande

113 Sand13 nourishmentSand13 nourishment13 is13 a13 measure13 which13 is13 successfully13 applied13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 to13 reduce13 the13 flood13 risk13 Every13 year13 a13 small 13 budget13 of13 the13 maintenance13 costs13 of13 flood13 defenses13 is13 spent13 on13 it13 The13 result13 is13 a13 safe13 country13 and13 beauful13 beaches

213 Spaal13 planning13 Spaal13 planning13 is13 the13 second13 key13 issue13 in13 Bocagrande13 By13 developing13 public13 and13 private13 spaces13 an13 a^racve13 environment13 can13 be13 created13 and13 some13 of13 the13 elements13 of13 the13 public13 space13 can13 be13 integrated13 with13 reducon13 of13 flood13 risk13 for13 example13 a13 boulevard

313 Hard13 and13 sogt13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 proteconThe13 third13 key13 element13 is13 the13 use13 of13 hard13 construcon13 in13 combinaon13 with13 so13 coastal13 measures13 As13 an13 example13 in13 one13 of13 the13 resorts13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 a13 garage13 and13 a13 dike13 is13 combined13 within13 a13 dune13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

Ingenieriacutea13 del13 paisaje13 en13 la13 proteccioacuten13 del13 litoral13 13 13 13 13 13 Landscape-shy‐engineering13 on13 coastal13 protecon

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

Reposicioacuten13 de13 arena1

14

La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 _ene13 como13 obje_vo13 recuperar13 el13 balance13 sedimentario13 mediante13 el13 suministro13 de13 las13 playas13 y13 frentes13 litorales13 con13 arena13 de13 la13 plataforma13 con_nental13 o13 en13 su13 defecto13 de13 las13 canteras13 de13 piedra13 arenisca13 del13 interior13 La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 ayuda13 a13 la13 restauracioacuten13 de13 playas13 y13 reduce13 el13 dantildeo13 a13 las13 estructuras13 costeras

Sand13 nourishment

Sand13 nourishment13 aims13 to13 recover13 the13 sediment13 balance13 by13 supplying13 beaches13 and13 shore-shy‐faces13 with13 sand13 from13 the13 connental13 shelf13 or13 alternavely13 from13 inland13 sandstone13 quarries13 Sand13 nourishment13 will13 help13 to13 restores13 beaches13 and13 reduces13 storm13 damage13 to13 coastal13 structures

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

15

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio2Spaal13 planning

La13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 puede13 definir13 un13 amor_guador13 entre13 la13 liacutenea13 de13 costa13 y13 el13 desarrollo13 urbano13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 costeras13 y13 mantener13 la13 resiliencia13 y13 el13 aspecto13 natural13 de13 la13 zona13 costera13 en13 el13 largo13 plazo

Spaal13 planning13 can13 define13 a13 buffer13 between13 the13 coastline13 and13 urban13 development13 in13 order13 to13 reduce13 the13 risk13 of13 coastal13 flooding13 and13 maintain13 the13 resilience13 and13 natural13 appearance13 of13 the13 coastal13 zone13 on13 the13 long13 term13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

11

Ilustracioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 en13 Bocagrande13 causada13 por13 el13 aumento13 del13 nivel13 del13 marIllustraon13 of13 flood13 in13 Bocagrande13 caused13 by13 sea13 level13 rise

Seguridad13 Mul-shy‐Capa12

El13 concepto13 central 13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca13 revisada13 de13 seguridad13 del13 13 agua13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 se13 basa13 en13 seguridad13 mulcapa13 En13 este13 concepto13 la13 seguridad13 se13 garan_za13 a13 traveacutes13 de13 muacutel_ples13 capas

113 La13 primera13 capa 13 es13 la13 prevencioacuten13 de13 inundaciones13 mediante13 diques13 dunas13 y13 defensas 13 frente13 a13 tormentas13 y13 e13 inundaciones13 (maacutes13 soacutelidaa 13 y13 enfocada13 en13 el13 futuro)13 La13 prevencioacuten13 sigue13 siendo13 el13 pilar13 principal13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca

213 La 13 segunda13 capa13 es13 lograr13 un13 planeamiento13 sostenible13 del13 territorio13 La13 planificacioacuten13 cuidadosa13 (eleccioacuten13 de13 la13 ubicacioacuten13 y13 usos13 de13 la13 _erra)13 puede13 limitar13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados13 y13 la13 dimensioacuten13 del13 dantildeo13 en13 caso13 de13 inundacioacuten13 Como13 resultado13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 jugaraacute13 un13 papel13 maacutes13 importante13 en13 las 13 consideraciones13 y13 decisiones13 rela_vas13 a13 la13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio

313 La 13 tercera13 capa13 es13 la13 ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 si13 se13 produce13 una13 inundacioacuten13 Una13 buena13 preparacioacuten13 es13 esencial13 para13 ser13 capaz13 de13 responder13 de13 manera13 efec_va13 a13 un13 desastre13 de13 inundacioacuten13 La 13 preparacioacuten13 tambieacuten13 ayuda13 a13 limitar13 el13 grado13 de13 dantildeo13 y13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados

(fuente13 Programa13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

The13 central13 concept13 for13 the13 revised13 water13 safety13 policy13 in13 The13 Netherlands13 is13 formed13 by13 lsquomul-shy‐layer13 safetyrsquo13 In13 this13 concept13 safety13 is13 assured13 through13 mulple13 layers

113 The13 first13 layer13 is13 the13 prevenon13 of13 floods13 through13 strong13 dikes13 dunes13 and13 storm13 and13 flood13 water13 defenses13 (more13 robust13 and13 future-shy‐focused)13 Prevenon13 remains13 the13 primary13 pillar13 of13 the13 policy

213 The13 second13 layer13 is13 achieving13 sustainable13 town13 and13 country13 planning13 Careful13 town13 planning13 (choice13 of13 locaon13 and13 land13 use13 issues)13 can13 limit13 the13 numbers13 affected13 and13 amount13 of13 damage13 if13 flooding13 does13 occur13 As13 a13 result13 the13 flood13 risk13 will13 play13 a13 bigger13 role13 in13 consideraons13 and13 decisions13 relang13 to13 town13 and13 country13 planning

313 The13 third13 layer13 is13 disaster13 management13 if13 a13 flood13 occurs13 Good13 preparaon13 is13 essenal13 to13 be13 able13 to13 respond13 effecvely13 to13 a13 flood13 disaster13 Preparaon13 will13 also13 help13 to13 limit13 the13 amount13 of13 damage13 and13 the13 numbers13 affected

(source13 Programma13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

Mul13 Layer13 SafetyPrevencioacuten13 de13 inundacionesPrimary13 flood13 defense

Planeamiento13 del13 territorioSpaal13 planning

Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 Disaster13 management

1

2

3

Meacutetodo13 de13 referencia13 13 13 13 13 13 Reference13 approach

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

13

Se13 propone13 un13 enfoque13 desde13 la 13 ingenieriacutea 13 del13 paisaje13 como13 un13 meacutetodo13 integral13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 costeros13 que13 sufre13 Cartagena13 Este13 enfoque13 combina13 teacutecnicas13 duras 13 y13 blandas13 basadas13 en13 soluciones13 de13 ingenieriacutea 13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 costera 13 integrada13 con13 los13 valores13 naturales13 y13 sociales 13 del13 lugar13 El13 resultado13 es13 una13 solucioacuten13 integral13 que13 permite13 un13 ambiente13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 donde13 los13 turistas13 y13 los13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo13 de13 Cartagena

En13 este13 estudio13 conceptual13 se13 han13 iden_ficado13 tres13 medidas13 principales13 que13 pueden13 reducir13 tanto13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 como13 las13 inundaciones13 al13 _empo13 que13 mejoran13 el13 turismo13 de13 playa13 en13 Bocagrande

113 Reposicioacuten13 de13 arenaLa13 reposicioacuten13 arena13 es13 una13 medida13 que13 se13 aplica13 con13 eacutexito13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 para13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 Cada13 antildeo13 una13 reducida13 parte13 del13 presupuesto13 de13 mantenimiento13 de13 las 13 defensas13 contra13 inundaciones13 se13 des_na13 a13 esta13 medida13 El13 resultado13 es13 un13 paiacutes13 seguro13 con13 playas13 hermosas

213 Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorioLa13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 es13 el13 segundo13 tema13 clave13 en13 Bocagrande13 Mediante13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 espacios13 puacuteblicos13 y13 privados13 se13 puede13 crear13 un13 entorno13 atrac_vo13 y13 algunos13 elementos13 del13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 pueden13 ser13 integrados13 en13 las13 medidas13 de13 reduccioacuten13 del13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 como13 por13 ejemplo13 un13 boulevard

313 Construccioacuten13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 contra13 inundacionesEl13 tercer13 elemento13 clave13 es13 el13 uso13 de13 construcciones 13 duras13 en13 combinacioacuten13 con13 medidas13 suaves13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 A13 modo13 de13 ejemplo13 en13 un13 resort13 de13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 un13 garaje13 y13 un13 dique13 se13 integran13 dentro13 de13 una13 duna13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

A13 landscape-shy‐engineering13 approach13 is13 proposed13 as13 an13 integral13 method13 to13 address13 the13 coastal13 problems13 in13 Cartagena13 This13 approach13 combines13 so13 and13 hard13 techniques13 based13 in13 engineering13 soluons13 for13 coastal13 protecon13 integrated13 within13 the13 natural13 and13 social13 values13 of13 the13 place13 It13 results13 in13 an13 integral13 soluon13 that13 enables13 a13 safe13 and13 livable13 environment13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 caribbean13 atmosphere13 of13 Cartagena13

In13 this13 conceptual13 study13 three13 main13 measures13 has13 been13 idenfied13 that13 may13 reduce13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 flood13 while13 improving13 beach13 tourism13 in13 Bocagrande

113 Sand13 nourishmentSand13 nourishment13 is13 a13 measure13 which13 is13 successfully13 applied13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 to13 reduce13 the13 flood13 risk13 Every13 year13 a13 small 13 budget13 of13 the13 maintenance13 costs13 of13 flood13 defenses13 is13 spent13 on13 it13 The13 result13 is13 a13 safe13 country13 and13 beauful13 beaches

213 Spaal13 planning13 Spaal13 planning13 is13 the13 second13 key13 issue13 in13 Bocagrande13 By13 developing13 public13 and13 private13 spaces13 an13 a^racve13 environment13 can13 be13 created13 and13 some13 of13 the13 elements13 of13 the13 public13 space13 can13 be13 integrated13 with13 reducon13 of13 flood13 risk13 for13 example13 a13 boulevard

313 Hard13 and13 sogt13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 proteconThe13 third13 key13 element13 is13 the13 use13 of13 hard13 construcon13 in13 combinaon13 with13 so13 coastal13 measures13 As13 an13 example13 in13 one13 of13 the13 resorts13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 a13 garage13 and13 a13 dike13 is13 combined13 within13 a13 dune13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

Ingenieriacutea13 del13 paisaje13 en13 la13 proteccioacuten13 del13 litoral13 13 13 13 13 13 Landscape-shy‐engineering13 on13 coastal13 protecon

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

Reposicioacuten13 de13 arena1

14

La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 _ene13 como13 obje_vo13 recuperar13 el13 balance13 sedimentario13 mediante13 el13 suministro13 de13 las13 playas13 y13 frentes13 litorales13 con13 arena13 de13 la13 plataforma13 con_nental13 o13 en13 su13 defecto13 de13 las13 canteras13 de13 piedra13 arenisca13 del13 interior13 La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 ayuda13 a13 la13 restauracioacuten13 de13 playas13 y13 reduce13 el13 dantildeo13 a13 las13 estructuras13 costeras

Sand13 nourishment

Sand13 nourishment13 aims13 to13 recover13 the13 sediment13 balance13 by13 supplying13 beaches13 and13 shore-shy‐faces13 with13 sand13 from13 the13 connental13 shelf13 or13 alternavely13 from13 inland13 sandstone13 quarries13 Sand13 nourishment13 will13 help13 to13 restores13 beaches13 and13 reduces13 storm13 damage13 to13 coastal13 structures

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

15

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio2Spaal13 planning

La13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 puede13 definir13 un13 amor_guador13 entre13 la13 liacutenea13 de13 costa13 y13 el13 desarrollo13 urbano13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 costeras13 y13 mantener13 la13 resiliencia13 y13 el13 aspecto13 natural13 de13 la13 zona13 costera13 en13 el13 largo13 plazo

Spaal13 planning13 can13 define13 a13 buffer13 between13 the13 coastline13 and13 urban13 development13 in13 order13 to13 reduce13 the13 risk13 of13 coastal13 flooding13 and13 maintain13 the13 resilience13 and13 natural13 appearance13 of13 the13 coastal13 zone13 on13 the13 long13 term13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

Seguridad13 Mul-shy‐Capa12

El13 concepto13 central 13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca13 revisada13 de13 seguridad13 del13 13 agua13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 se13 basa13 en13 seguridad13 mulcapa13 En13 este13 concepto13 la13 seguridad13 se13 garan_za13 a13 traveacutes13 de13 muacutel_ples13 capas

113 La13 primera13 capa 13 es13 la13 prevencioacuten13 de13 inundaciones13 mediante13 diques13 dunas13 y13 defensas 13 frente13 a13 tormentas13 y13 e13 inundaciones13 (maacutes13 soacutelidaa 13 y13 enfocada13 en13 el13 futuro)13 La13 prevencioacuten13 sigue13 siendo13 el13 pilar13 principal13 de13 la13 poliacute_ca

213 La 13 segunda13 capa13 es13 lograr13 un13 planeamiento13 sostenible13 del13 territorio13 La13 planificacioacuten13 cuidadosa13 (eleccioacuten13 de13 la13 ubicacioacuten13 y13 usos13 de13 la13 _erra)13 puede13 limitar13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados13 y13 la13 dimensioacuten13 del13 dantildeo13 en13 caso13 de13 inundacioacuten13 Como13 resultado13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 jugaraacute13 un13 papel13 maacutes13 importante13 en13 las 13 consideraciones13 y13 decisiones13 rela_vas13 a13 la13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio

313 La 13 tercera13 capa13 es13 la13 ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 si13 se13 produce13 una13 inundacioacuten13 Una13 buena13 preparacioacuten13 es13 esencial13 para13 ser13 capaz13 de13 responder13 de13 manera13 efec_va13 a13 un13 desastre13 de13 inundacioacuten13 La 13 preparacioacuten13 tambieacuten13 ayuda13 a13 limitar13 el13 grado13 de13 dantildeo13 y13 el 13 nuacutemero13 de13 afectados

(fuente13 Programa13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

The13 central13 concept13 for13 the13 revised13 water13 safety13 policy13 in13 The13 Netherlands13 is13 formed13 by13 lsquomul-shy‐layer13 safetyrsquo13 In13 this13 concept13 safety13 is13 assured13 through13 mulple13 layers

113 The13 first13 layer13 is13 the13 prevenon13 of13 floods13 through13 strong13 dikes13 dunes13 and13 storm13 and13 flood13 water13 defenses13 (more13 robust13 and13 future-shy‐focused)13 Prevenon13 remains13 the13 primary13 pillar13 of13 the13 policy

213 The13 second13 layer13 is13 achieving13 sustainable13 town13 and13 country13 planning13 Careful13 town13 planning13 (choice13 of13 locaon13 and13 land13 use13 issues)13 can13 limit13 the13 numbers13 affected13 and13 amount13 of13 damage13 if13 flooding13 does13 occur13 As13 a13 result13 the13 flood13 risk13 will13 play13 a13 bigger13 role13 in13 consideraons13 and13 decisions13 relang13 to13 town13 and13 country13 planning

313 The13 third13 layer13 is13 disaster13 management13 if13 a13 flood13 occurs13 Good13 preparaon13 is13 essenal13 to13 be13 able13 to13 respond13 effecvely13 to13 a13 flood13 disaster13 Preparaon13 will13 also13 help13 to13 limit13 the13 amount13 of13 damage13 and13 the13 numbers13 affected

(source13 Programma13 Waterveiligheid13 in13 de13 21e13 eeuw)

Mul13 Layer13 SafetyPrevencioacuten13 de13 inundacionesPrimary13 flood13 defense

Planeamiento13 del13 territorioSpaal13 planning

Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres13 Disaster13 management

1

2

3

Meacutetodo13 de13 referencia13 13 13 13 13 13 Reference13 approach

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

13

Se13 propone13 un13 enfoque13 desde13 la 13 ingenieriacutea 13 del13 paisaje13 como13 un13 meacutetodo13 integral13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 costeros13 que13 sufre13 Cartagena13 Este13 enfoque13 combina13 teacutecnicas13 duras 13 y13 blandas13 basadas13 en13 soluciones13 de13 ingenieriacutea 13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 costera 13 integrada13 con13 los13 valores13 naturales13 y13 sociales 13 del13 lugar13 El13 resultado13 es13 una13 solucioacuten13 integral13 que13 permite13 un13 ambiente13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 donde13 los13 turistas13 y13 los13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo13 de13 Cartagena

En13 este13 estudio13 conceptual13 se13 han13 iden_ficado13 tres13 medidas13 principales13 que13 pueden13 reducir13 tanto13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 como13 las13 inundaciones13 al13 _empo13 que13 mejoran13 el13 turismo13 de13 playa13 en13 Bocagrande

113 Reposicioacuten13 de13 arenaLa13 reposicioacuten13 arena13 es13 una13 medida13 que13 se13 aplica13 con13 eacutexito13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 para13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 Cada13 antildeo13 una13 reducida13 parte13 del13 presupuesto13 de13 mantenimiento13 de13 las 13 defensas13 contra13 inundaciones13 se13 des_na13 a13 esta13 medida13 El13 resultado13 es13 un13 paiacutes13 seguro13 con13 playas13 hermosas

213 Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorioLa13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 es13 el13 segundo13 tema13 clave13 en13 Bocagrande13 Mediante13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 espacios13 puacuteblicos13 y13 privados13 se13 puede13 crear13 un13 entorno13 atrac_vo13 y13 algunos13 elementos13 del13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 pueden13 ser13 integrados13 en13 las13 medidas13 de13 reduccioacuten13 del13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 como13 por13 ejemplo13 un13 boulevard

313 Construccioacuten13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 contra13 inundacionesEl13 tercer13 elemento13 clave13 es13 el13 uso13 de13 construcciones 13 duras13 en13 combinacioacuten13 con13 medidas13 suaves13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 A13 modo13 de13 ejemplo13 en13 un13 resort13 de13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 un13 garaje13 y13 un13 dique13 se13 integran13 dentro13 de13 una13 duna13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

A13 landscape-shy‐engineering13 approach13 is13 proposed13 as13 an13 integral13 method13 to13 address13 the13 coastal13 problems13 in13 Cartagena13 This13 approach13 combines13 so13 and13 hard13 techniques13 based13 in13 engineering13 soluons13 for13 coastal13 protecon13 integrated13 within13 the13 natural13 and13 social13 values13 of13 the13 place13 It13 results13 in13 an13 integral13 soluon13 that13 enables13 a13 safe13 and13 livable13 environment13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 caribbean13 atmosphere13 of13 Cartagena13

In13 this13 conceptual13 study13 three13 main13 measures13 has13 been13 idenfied13 that13 may13 reduce13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 flood13 while13 improving13 beach13 tourism13 in13 Bocagrande

113 Sand13 nourishmentSand13 nourishment13 is13 a13 measure13 which13 is13 successfully13 applied13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 to13 reduce13 the13 flood13 risk13 Every13 year13 a13 small 13 budget13 of13 the13 maintenance13 costs13 of13 flood13 defenses13 is13 spent13 on13 it13 The13 result13 is13 a13 safe13 country13 and13 beauful13 beaches

213 Spaal13 planning13 Spaal13 planning13 is13 the13 second13 key13 issue13 in13 Bocagrande13 By13 developing13 public13 and13 private13 spaces13 an13 a^racve13 environment13 can13 be13 created13 and13 some13 of13 the13 elements13 of13 the13 public13 space13 can13 be13 integrated13 with13 reducon13 of13 flood13 risk13 for13 example13 a13 boulevard

313 Hard13 and13 sogt13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 proteconThe13 third13 key13 element13 is13 the13 use13 of13 hard13 construcon13 in13 combinaon13 with13 so13 coastal13 measures13 As13 an13 example13 in13 one13 of13 the13 resorts13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 a13 garage13 and13 a13 dike13 is13 combined13 within13 a13 dune13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

Ingenieriacutea13 del13 paisaje13 en13 la13 proteccioacuten13 del13 litoral13 13 13 13 13 13 Landscape-shy‐engineering13 on13 coastal13 protecon

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

Reposicioacuten13 de13 arena1

14

La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 _ene13 como13 obje_vo13 recuperar13 el13 balance13 sedimentario13 mediante13 el13 suministro13 de13 las13 playas13 y13 frentes13 litorales13 con13 arena13 de13 la13 plataforma13 con_nental13 o13 en13 su13 defecto13 de13 las13 canteras13 de13 piedra13 arenisca13 del13 interior13 La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 ayuda13 a13 la13 restauracioacuten13 de13 playas13 y13 reduce13 el13 dantildeo13 a13 las13 estructuras13 costeras

Sand13 nourishment

Sand13 nourishment13 aims13 to13 recover13 the13 sediment13 balance13 by13 supplying13 beaches13 and13 shore-shy‐faces13 with13 sand13 from13 the13 connental13 shelf13 or13 alternavely13 from13 inland13 sandstone13 quarries13 Sand13 nourishment13 will13 help13 to13 restores13 beaches13 and13 reduces13 storm13 damage13 to13 coastal13 structures

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

15

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio2Spaal13 planning

La13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 puede13 definir13 un13 amor_guador13 entre13 la13 liacutenea13 de13 costa13 y13 el13 desarrollo13 urbano13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 costeras13 y13 mantener13 la13 resiliencia13 y13 el13 aspecto13 natural13 de13 la13 zona13 costera13 en13 el13 largo13 plazo

Spaal13 planning13 can13 define13 a13 buffer13 between13 the13 coastline13 and13 urban13 development13 in13 order13 to13 reduce13 the13 risk13 of13 coastal13 flooding13 and13 maintain13 the13 resilience13 and13 natural13 appearance13 of13 the13 coastal13 zone13 on13 the13 long13 term13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

13

Se13 propone13 un13 enfoque13 desde13 la 13 ingenieriacutea 13 del13 paisaje13 como13 un13 meacutetodo13 integral13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 costeros13 que13 sufre13 Cartagena13 Este13 enfoque13 combina13 teacutecnicas13 duras 13 y13 blandas13 basadas13 en13 soluciones13 de13 ingenieriacutea 13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 costera 13 integrada13 con13 los13 valores13 naturales13 y13 sociales 13 del13 lugar13 El13 resultado13 es13 una13 solucioacuten13 integral13 que13 permite13 un13 ambiente13 seguro13 y13 habitable13 donde13 los13 turistas13 y13 los13 residentes13 pueden13 convivir13 y13 disfrutar13 de13 la13 cultura13 el13 paisaje13 las13 compras13 y13 la13 gastronomiacutea13 local13 en13 el13 vibrante13 ambiente13 caribentildeo13 de13 Cartagena

En13 este13 estudio13 conceptual13 se13 han13 iden_ficado13 tres13 medidas13 principales13 que13 pueden13 reducir13 tanto13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 y13 como13 las13 inundaciones13 al13 _empo13 que13 mejoran13 el13 turismo13 de13 playa13 en13 Bocagrande

113 Reposicioacuten13 de13 arenaLa13 reposicioacuten13 arena13 es13 una13 medida13 que13 se13 aplica13 con13 eacutexito13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 para13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 Cada13 antildeo13 una13 reducida13 parte13 del13 presupuesto13 de13 mantenimiento13 de13 las 13 defensas13 contra13 inundaciones13 se13 des_na13 a13 esta13 medida13 El13 resultado13 es13 un13 paiacutes13 seguro13 con13 playas13 hermosas

213 Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorioLa13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 es13 el13 segundo13 tema13 clave13 en13 Bocagrande13 Mediante13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 espacios13 puacuteblicos13 y13 privados13 se13 puede13 crear13 un13 entorno13 atrac_vo13 y13 algunos13 elementos13 del13 espacio13 puacuteblico13 pueden13 ser13 integrados13 en13 las13 medidas13 de13 reduccioacuten13 del13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 como13 por13 ejemplo13 un13 boulevard

313 Construccioacuten13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas13 para13 la13 proteccioacuten13 contra13 inundacionesEl13 tercer13 elemento13 clave13 es13 el13 uso13 de13 construcciones 13 duras13 en13 combinacioacuten13 con13 medidas13 suaves13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costera13 A13 modo13 de13 ejemplo13 en13 un13 resort13 de13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos13 un13 garaje13 y13 un13 dique13 se13 integran13 dentro13 de13 una13 duna13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

A13 landscape-shy‐engineering13 approach13 is13 proposed13 as13 an13 integral13 method13 to13 address13 the13 coastal13 problems13 in13 Cartagena13 This13 approach13 combines13 so13 and13 hard13 techniques13 based13 in13 engineering13 soluons13 for13 coastal13 protecon13 integrated13 within13 the13 natural13 and13 social13 values13 of13 the13 place13 It13 results13 in13 an13 integral13 soluon13 that13 enables13 a13 safe13 and13 livable13 environment13 where13 tourists13 and13 local13 residents13 can13 coexist13 and13 enjoy13 culture13 landscape13 shopping13 and13 local13 gastronomy13 in13 the13 vibrant13 caribbean13 atmosphere13 of13 Cartagena13

In13 this13 conceptual13 study13 three13 main13 measures13 has13 been13 idenfied13 that13 may13 reduce13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 flood13 while13 improving13 beach13 tourism13 in13 Bocagrande

113 Sand13 nourishmentSand13 nourishment13 is13 a13 measure13 which13 is13 successfully13 applied13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 to13 reduce13 the13 flood13 risk13 Every13 year13 a13 small 13 budget13 of13 the13 maintenance13 costs13 of13 flood13 defenses13 is13 spent13 on13 it13 The13 result13 is13 a13 safe13 country13 and13 beauful13 beaches

213 Spaal13 planning13 Spaal13 planning13 is13 the13 second13 key13 issue13 in13 Bocagrande13 By13 developing13 public13 and13 private13 spaces13 an13 a^racve13 environment13 can13 be13 created13 and13 some13 of13 the13 elements13 of13 the13 public13 space13 can13 be13 integrated13 with13 reducon13 of13 flood13 risk13 for13 example13 a13 boulevard

313 Hard13 and13 sogt13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 proteconThe13 third13 key13 element13 is13 the13 use13 of13 hard13 construcon13 in13 combinaon13 with13 so13 coastal13 measures13 As13 an13 example13 in13 one13 of13 the13 resorts13 in13 the13 Netherlands13 a13 garage13 and13 a13 dike13 is13 combined13 within13 a13 dune13 (Kustwerk13 Katwijk)

Ingenieriacutea13 del13 paisaje13 en13 la13 proteccioacuten13 del13 litoral13 13 13 13 13 13 Landscape-shy‐engineering13 on13 coastal13 protecon

ENFOQUEAPPROACH

Reposicioacuten13 de13 arena1

14

La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 _ene13 como13 obje_vo13 recuperar13 el13 balance13 sedimentario13 mediante13 el13 suministro13 de13 las13 playas13 y13 frentes13 litorales13 con13 arena13 de13 la13 plataforma13 con_nental13 o13 en13 su13 defecto13 de13 las13 canteras13 de13 piedra13 arenisca13 del13 interior13 La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 ayuda13 a13 la13 restauracioacuten13 de13 playas13 y13 reduce13 el13 dantildeo13 a13 las13 estructuras13 costeras

Sand13 nourishment

Sand13 nourishment13 aims13 to13 recover13 the13 sediment13 balance13 by13 supplying13 beaches13 and13 shore-shy‐faces13 with13 sand13 from13 the13 connental13 shelf13 or13 alternavely13 from13 inland13 sandstone13 quarries13 Sand13 nourishment13 will13 help13 to13 restores13 beaches13 and13 reduces13 storm13 damage13 to13 coastal13 structures

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

15

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio2Spaal13 planning

La13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 puede13 definir13 un13 amor_guador13 entre13 la13 liacutenea13 de13 costa13 y13 el13 desarrollo13 urbano13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 costeras13 y13 mantener13 la13 resiliencia13 y13 el13 aspecto13 natural13 de13 la13 zona13 costera13 en13 el13 largo13 plazo

Spaal13 planning13 can13 define13 a13 buffer13 between13 the13 coastline13 and13 urban13 development13 in13 order13 to13 reduce13 the13 risk13 of13 coastal13 flooding13 and13 maintain13 the13 resilience13 and13 natural13 appearance13 of13 the13 coastal13 zone13 on13 the13 long13 term13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

Reposicioacuten13 de13 arena1

14

La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 _ene13 como13 obje_vo13 recuperar13 el13 balance13 sedimentario13 mediante13 el13 suministro13 de13 las13 playas13 y13 frentes13 litorales13 con13 arena13 de13 la13 plataforma13 con_nental13 o13 en13 su13 defecto13 de13 las13 canteras13 de13 piedra13 arenisca13 del13 interior13 La13 reposicioacuten13 de13 arena13 ayuda13 a13 la13 restauracioacuten13 de13 playas13 y13 reduce13 el13 dantildeo13 a13 las13 estructuras13 costeras

Sand13 nourishment

Sand13 nourishment13 aims13 to13 recover13 the13 sediment13 balance13 by13 supplying13 beaches13 and13 shore-shy‐faces13 with13 sand13 from13 the13 connental13 shelf13 or13 alternavely13 from13 inland13 sandstone13 quarries13 Sand13 nourishment13 will13 help13 to13 restores13 beaches13 and13 reduces13 storm13 damage13 to13 coastal13 structures

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

15

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio2Spaal13 planning

La13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 puede13 definir13 un13 amor_guador13 entre13 la13 liacutenea13 de13 costa13 y13 el13 desarrollo13 urbano13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 costeras13 y13 mantener13 la13 resiliencia13 y13 el13 aspecto13 natural13 de13 la13 zona13 costera13 en13 el13 largo13 plazo

Spaal13 planning13 can13 define13 a13 buffer13 between13 the13 coastline13 and13 urban13 development13 in13 order13 to13 reduce13 the13 risk13 of13 coastal13 flooding13 and13 maintain13 the13 resilience13 and13 natural13 appearance13 of13 the13 coastal13 zone13 on13 the13 long13 term13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

15

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio2Spaal13 planning

La13 ordenacioacuten13 del13 territorio13 puede13 definir13 un13 amor_guador13 entre13 la13 liacutenea13 de13 costa13 y13 el13 desarrollo13 urbano13 con13 el13 fin13 de13 reducir13 el13 riesgo13 de13 inundaciones13 costeras13 y13 mantener13 la13 resiliencia13 y13 el13 aspecto13 natural13 de13 la13 zona13 costera13 en13 el13 largo13 plazo

Spaal13 planning13 can13 define13 a13 buffer13 between13 the13 coastline13 and13 urban13 development13 in13 order13 to13 reduce13 the13 risk13 of13 coastal13 flooding13 and13 maintain13 the13 resilience13 and13 natural13 appearance13 of13 the13 coastal13 zone13 on13 the13 long13 term13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

16

Medidas13 para13 miPgar13 la13 erosioacuten13 costera13 e13 inundaciones13 en13 BocagrandeMeasures13 to13 migate13 coastal13 erosion13 and13 floods13 in13 Bocagrande

Construcciones13 costeras13 duras13 y13 blandas3Hard13 and13 so13 coastal13 construcon13 for13 flood13 protecon

Las13 combinaciones13 de13 medidas13 duras13 y13 blandas13 pueden13 resultar13 muy13 atrac_vas13 si13 se13 disentildean13 u_lizando13 teacutecnicas13 de13 la13 ingenieriacutea13 y13 el13 disentildeo13 paisajiacutes_co13 Bocagrande13 _ene13 un13 nuevo13 mundo13 que13 ganar13 mediante13 la13 implementacioacuten13 de13 estas13 estrategias13 integrales

Combinaons13 of13 hard13 and13 so13 measures13 can13 be13 very13 a^racve13 if13 designed13 using13 engineering13 and13 landscape13 design13 skills13 There13 is13 In13 Bocagrande13 a13 new13 world13 to13 win13 by13 implemenng13 these13 integral13 strategies13 13 13

PROPUESTAPROPOSAL

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

17

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 0

playawater13 discharges13 towards13 open13 drainage13 system promenade13 13 hard13 structure13 for13 coastal13 protecon beach

paseo13 mariacute_mo13 estructura13 de13 proteccioacuten13 costeradescarga13 de13 agua13 pluvial13 hacia13 un13 sistema13 de13 drenaje13 abierto

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

18

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 10

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo

promenade13 full13 of13 shadepaseo13 mariacute_mo13 lleno13 de13 sombra

integrang13 so13 protecon13 ldquobuilding13 with13 naturerdquoproteccioacuten13 blanda13 ldquoconstruyendo13 con13 la13 naturaleza playa

beach

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

beach

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

19

market13 spaces13 for13 local13 products

DunescapeConcepto13 para13 un13 frente13 mariacute_mo13 seguro13 y13 vibrante13 en13 Cartagena

Concept13 for13 a13 safe13 and13 vibrant13 waterfront13 in13 Cartagena13 t13 =13 20

bicycle13 path13 and13 running13 trackcarril13 de13 bicicleta13 y13 pista13 de13 atle_smo espacios13 de13 mercado13 para13 productos13 locales playa

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20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS

20

SOBRE13 HKV13 ConsultantsABOUT13 HKV13 Consultants

HKV13 Consultores13 es13 una13 empresa13 independiente13 que13 ofrece13 servicios13 de13 consultoriacutea13 e13 inves_gacioacuten13 en13 temas13 de13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 Construimos13 nuestros13 servicios13 en13 una13 comprensioacuten13 profunda13 de13 la13 ysica13 las13 matemaacute_cas13 y13 los13 procesos13 de13 toma13 de13 decisiones13

Fundada13 en13 1995 13 hemos13 crecido13 a13 una13 empresa13 con13 6813 expertos13 que13 trabajan13 desde13 cuatro13 oficinas13 en13 los13 Paiacuteses13 Bajos 13 Alemania13 e13 Indonesia13 Nuestro13 aacutembito13 de13 trabajo13 abarca13 la13 mayoriacutea13 de13 los13 aspectos13 relacionados13 con13 agua13 y13 seguridad13 incluyendo-shy‐13 Seguridad13 sequiacutea13 y13 anaacutelisis13 de13 riesgos13 de13 inundaciones-shy‐13 Ges_oacuten13 de13 desastres-shy‐13 Inves_gacioacuten13 sobre13 riacuteos13 y13 sistemas13 estuarinos-shy‐13 Tecnologiacuteas13 de13 la13 Informacioacuten-shy‐13 Prediccioacuten13 de13 inundacioacuten13 ges_oacuten13 y13 control

HKV13 Consultants13 is13 an13 independent13 company13 that13 provides13 consultancy13 services13 and13 research13 in13 water13 and13 safety 13 We13 build13 our13 services13 on13 a13 profound13 understanding13 of13 physics13 mathemacs13 and13 decision13 making13 processes13 Established13 in13 199513 we13 have13 grown13 to13 a13 firm13 with13 6813 experts13 working13 from13 four13 offices13 in13 The13 Netherlands 13 Germany13 and13 Indonesia13 Our13 scope13 of13 work13 covers13 most13 aspects13 of13 water13 and13 safety13 including-shy‐13 Safety13 drought13 and13 flood13 risk13 analyses-shy‐13 Disaster13 management-shy‐13 Research13 of13 rivers13 and13 estuarine13 systems-shy‐13 Informaon13 Technology-shy‐13 Flood13 forecasng13 management13 and13 control

Contact13 details

mkokhkvnlh9pwwwhkvconsultantscomTel13 +31320294242

SOBRE13 FIELD13 FACTORSABOUT13 FIELD13 FACTORS

Field13 Factors13 es13 una13 firma13 de13 disentildeo13 que13 trabaja13 en13 la13 innovacioacuten13 urbana13 dentro13 y13 maacutes13 allaacute13 de13 los13 aacutembitos13 de13 agua13 y13 el13 turismo

Desde13 nuestra13 sede13 en13 Aacutemsterdam13 (Paiacuteses13 Bajos)13 realizamos13 estrategias13 espacios13 y13 productos13 para13 el13 desarrollo13 de13 ciudades13 seguras13 uacutenicas13 y13 resilientes

Formado13 por13 un13 equipo13 internacional13 y13 mul_disciplinario13 con13 experiencia13 y13 conocimiento13 en13 diversos13 campos13 disentildeo13 y13 planificacioacuten13 estrateacutegica13 13 desarrollo13 turiacutes_ca13 e13 innovacioacuten13 13 desarrollamos13 soluciones13 integrales13 para13 hacer13 frente13 a13 los13 problemas13 urbanos13 maacutes13 urgentes

Field13 Factors13 is13 a13 design13 firm13 that13 works13 on13 Urban13 Innovaon13 in13 and13 beyond13 the13 domains13 of13 water13 and13 tourism

Based13 in13 Amsterdam13 The13 Netherlands13 Field13 Factors13 realizes13 strategies13 spaces13 and13 products13 which13 enable13 cies13 to13 be13 safe13 unique13 and13 resilient

Field13 Factors13 consists13 of13 a13 muldisciplinary13 internaonal13 team13 with13 experse13 and13 knowledge13 on13 diverse13 fields13 from13 building13 and13 planning13 to13 business13 development13 and13 branding 13 13 We13 develop13 integral13 soluons13 to13 address13 urgent13 urban13 issues

Contact13 details13

lookfieldfactorscomh9pfieldfactorscomTel13 13 +3113 2013 3313 1313 165

Damrak13 7013 65413 13 101213 LM13 AmsterdamThe13 Netherlands

Bo9er13 11-shy‐2913 PO13 Box13 2120820313 AC13 LelystadThe13 Netherlands

AUTORESAUTHORS