lap trinh PLC voi Ladder

Chng 5: Ngn ng lp trnh PLC S7-200

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Chng 5

NGN NG LP TRNH PLC S7-200

5.1.Gii thiu cc ngn ng lp trnh:

Lp trnh cho S7 200 v cc PLC khc ca hng Siemens da trn 3 phng php c bn: Phng php hnh thang (Ladder logic _ LAD). Phng php khi hm (Function Block Diagram _ FBD). Phng php lit k cu lnh (Statement List _ STL).

5.1.1 nh ngha v LAD: LAD l ngn ng lp trnh bng ha. Nhnh thnh phn cbn dng trong LAD tng ng vi nhng thnh phn c bn dng trong bng mch rle.

+ Tip im c hai loi: Thng ng

Thng h + Cun dy (coil):

+ Hp (box): M t cc hm khc nhau, n lm vic khi c tn hiu a n hp. C cc nhm hp sau: hp cc b nh thi, hp cc b m, hp di chuyn dliu, hp cc hm ton hc, hp trong truyn thng mng... + Mng LAD: L mch ni cc phn t thnh mt mng hon thin, cc phn tnh cun dy hoc cc hp phi c mc ng chiu. Ngun in c hai ng chnh, mt ng bn tri th hin dy nng, mt ng bn phi l dy trung tnh (neutral) nhng khng c th hin trn giao din lp trnh. Mt mach lm vic c khi cc phn t c mc ng chiu v kn mch.

5.1.2. nh ngha v STL: L phng php th hin chng trnh di dng tp hp cc cu lnh. to ra mt chng trnh bng STL, ngi lp trnh cn phi hiu r phng thc s dng 9 bit trong ngn xp (stack) logic ca S7 200. Ngn xp l mt khi 9 bit chng ln nhau t S0S8, nhng tt c cc thut ton lin quan n ngn xp u lm vic vi bit u tin v bit th hai (S0 v S1) ca ngn xp. gi tr logic mi c th c gi hoc ni thm vo ngn xp. Hai bit S0 v S1 phi hp vi nhau th ngn xp c ko ln mt bit. Ngn xp ca S7 200 (logic stack):


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S0 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8

5.2.Vng qut (thc hin chng trnh) v cu trc ca mt chng trnh: PLC thc hin chng trnh theo vng lp. Mi vng lp c gi l vng qut (scan). Cc giai on ca vng qut:

Khi gp lnh vo/ra tc thi ngay lp tc h thng dng tt c mi cng vic khc, ngay c chng trnh x l ngt thc hin chng trnh ny trc tip vi cng vo/ra.

Nu s dng cc ch ngt, chng trnh con tng ng vi tng tn hiu ngt c son tho v ci t nh mt b phn ca chng trnh. Chng trnh xl ngt ch c thc hin trong vng qut khi xut hin tn hiu bo ngt v c thxy ra bt c thi im n trong vng qut.

Stack0 bit u tin ca ngn xp. Stack1 bit th hai ca ngn xp. Stack2 bit th ba ca ngn xp. Stack3 bit th t ca ngn xp. Stack4 bit th nm ca ngn xp. Stack5 bit th su ca ngn xp. Stack6 bit th by ca ngn xp. Stack7 bit th tm ca ngn xp. Stack8 bit th chn ca ngn xp.

Hnh 5.3: M t ngn xp ca S7 200.


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5.3.Tp lnh S7-200: Tp lnh ca S7-200 c chia lm 3 nhm:

1. Cc lnh m khi thc hin th lm vic c lp khng ph thuc vo gi tr logic ca bit u tin trong ngn xp (gi l nhm lnh khng iu kin). 2. Cc lnh ch thc hin khi bit u tin trong ngn xp c gi tr bng 1 (gi l nhm lnh c iu kin). 3. Cc nhn lnh nh du v tr trong tp lnh (gi l nhm lnh iu khin chng trnh).

Cy lnh Tp lnh Bit Tp lnh can thip vo thi gian h thng Tp lnh truyn thng Tp lnh so snh Tp lnh bin i Tp cc b m Tp lnh ton hc Tp lnh ton hc Tp lnh iu khin ngt Tp lnh cc php tnh logic bin i Tp lnh di chuyn d liu Tp lnh iu khin chng trnh Tp lnh thao tc vi thanh ghi (dch/quay vng thanh ghi) Tp lnh lm vic vi chui Tp lnh lm vic vi bng d liu Tp cc b nh thi Tp lnh gi chng trnh con v chng trnh ngt

Hnh 5.3: M t cy lnh vi SIMATIC S7-200.


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Hnh 5.4: M t cy lnh bit.

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 11 1 1222223

Hnh 5.5: M t cy lnh can thip vo thi gian h thng.

2 2

2 2 2 2 2 2

Hnh 5.6: M t cy lnh truyn thng.


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1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1


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Hnh 5.7: M t cy lnh so snh

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1


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Hnh 5.8: M t cy lnh bin i.

2 2 2

2 2 2

2 2 2

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Hnh 5.9: M t cy lnh cc b m.

2 2 2 2 2 2

Hnh 5.10: M t cy lnh cc b nh thi.

2 2 2


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Hnh 5.11: M t cy lnh iu khin ngt

2 2 2 2 2

Hnh 5.12: M t cy lnh hc kiu Floating-Point.

2 2 2 2 2 2

2 2 2 2 2

Hnh 5.13: M t cy lnh ton hc kiu Integer.

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2


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Hnh 5.16: M t cy lnh iu khin chng trnh.

Hnh 5.14: M t cy lnh php tnh logic bin i.

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Hnh 5.15: M t cy lnh di chuyn d liu.

2222222222

333333333333


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Hnh 5.17: M t cy lnh iu khin chng trnh.

2 2 2 22 2 2 22 2 2 2 2

Hnh 5.18: M t cy lnh lm vic vi chui.

2 2 2 2 2 2

2 2 2 2 2 2

2 2 2 2 2 2


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! 1_Cc lnh khng iu kin. 2_Cc lnh c iu kin. 3_Cc lnh iu khin chng trnh.

5.4. C php v cch ng dng SIMATIC struction S7-200: 5.4.1. Ton hng v gii hn cho php: Bng : Gii hn ton hng ca CPU S7-200 series CPU 22x.

Hnh 5.19: M t cy lnh lm vic vi bng d liu.

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2


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5.4.2. SIMATIC Bit Logic instruction:

Bng : Standard contacts, Immediate contacts, Not, Positive_Negative transition. STL LAD M t Description

Ton hng Operands

Kiu d liuData Types

LD

A O

Tip im thng m s c

ng khi bit = 1 bit: I, Q, M, V, SM,

T, C, S, L Bool

LDN

AN ON

Tip im thng ng s c

m khi bit = 1 bit: I, Q, M, V, SM,

T, C, S, L Bool

LDI

AI OI

Tip im thng m s ng tc thi (khng ph thuc vo chu k

vng qut) bit: I Bool

LDNI

AIN OIN

Tip im thng ng s m tc thi (khng ph thuc vo chu k

vng qut) bit: I Bool

NOT o gi tr logic ca bit u tin trong ngn xp Khng Khng

EU

Bit u tin trong ngn xp c gi tr bng 1 (trong khong thi gian ng bng 1 chu k vng qut) khi pht hin sn ln ca tn hiu u vo.

bit: I, Q, M, V, SM, T, C, S, L

Bool

bit

bit

bit

bit

NOT

P


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N

Sbit

n

ED

Bit u tin trong ngn xp c gi tr bng 1 (trong khong thi gian ng bng 1 chu k vng qut) khi pht hin sn xung ca tn hiu u vo.


Bool

1. SIMATIC Bit Logic Instructions: STL LAD M t Description

Ton hng Operands

Kiu d liu Data Types

= bit

Cun dy u ra trng thi ON khi c dng in iu khin i qua.


Bool

=I bit

Cun dy u ra trng thi ON tc thi (khng ph thuc vo chu k vng qut) khi c dng in iu khin i qua.

bit: Q Bool

S bit, n

Set 1 mng gm n tip im, tnh t tip im "bit" (n


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SI bit

n

R bit, n

Reset 1 mng gm n tip im, tnh t tip im "bit" (n


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2. SIMATIC Copare Byte Instructions:

STL LAD M t Description Ton hng Operands


COPARE BYTE

LDB=

AB= OB=

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai byte IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1= IN2 l ng.

IB, QB, MB, VB, SMB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

Byte

LDB

AB OB

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai byte IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1 IN2 l ng.


Byte

LDB<

AB< OB<

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai byte IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1< IN2 l ng.


Byte

LDB IN2 l ng.


Byte

LDB>=

AB>= OB>=

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai byte IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1>= IN2 l ng.


Byte

COPARE WORD (COPARE INTEGER) LDW=

AW= OW=

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai Word IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1= IN2 l ng.

IW, QW, MW, VW, SMW, SW, LW, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

Word

LDW

AW OW

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai Word IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1 IN2 l ng.


Word

==B IN1

IN2

B IN1

IN2

=B IN1

IN2

==I IN1

IN2

I IN1

IN2


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LDW>

AW> OW>

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai Word IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1 > IN2 l ng.


Word

LDW>=

AW>= OW>=

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai Word IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1 >= IN2 l ng.


Word

LDW<

AW< OW<

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai Word IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1 < IN2 l ng.


Word

LDW IN2 l ng.

ID, QD, MD, VD, SMD, SD, LD, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

DoubleWord

LDDW>=

ADW>= ODW>=

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai DoubleWord IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1 >= IN2 l ng.


DoubleWord

LDDW<

ADW< ODW<

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai DoubleWord IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1 < IN2 l ng.


DoubleWord

LDDW


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AR= OR=

thc IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1 = IN2 l ng.

SMD, SD, LD, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

LDR

AR OR

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai sthc IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1 IN2 l ng


Real

LDR>

AR> OR>

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai sthc IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1 > IN2 l ng


Real

LDR>=

AR>= OR>=

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai sthc IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1 >= IN2 l ng


Real

LDR<

AR< OR<

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai sthc IN1 v IN2. Trng thi tip im l ng khi lnh so snh IN1 < IN2 l ng


Real

LDR


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3. SIMATIC Timer Instructions:

STL LAD M t

Description Ton hng Operands

Kiu dliu Data

Types On_Delay_Timer (TON)

Txxx: Constant word IN : power flow bool

TON Txxx, PT TON Txxx, PT

y l lnh m thi gian hot khi tn hiu EN l ON. Khi gi tr dm tc thi trong thanh ghi CT >= gi tr t trc trong thanh ghi PT th bit trng thi Txxx ca b Timer l ON. Ga tr m tc thi trong thanh ghi CT = 0 v bit trng thi v off khi tn hiu u vo l off. Ngc li vi b TON, thanh ghi CV v bit trng thi vn gi nguyn tr khi c lnh Reset b TONR. Ngoi ra c th sdng lnh Reset xo thanh ghi tc thi cng nh bit trng thi ca b TON. Ta c th s dng ton hng Word (INT) tng ng vi lnh INT hay ton hng tng ng vi bit trng thi.

TOF Txxx, PT

Khi tn hiu u vo EN = 1 b TOF khng hot ng. ch hot ng khi c sn xung ca tn hiu u vo. Bit trng thi c bt ln ON khi

PT: IW, QW, MW, SMW,

VW, LW, SW, AIW, T, C, AC, Constant, VD,

AC, LD

INT

TONR EN PT

Txxx

TON EN PT

Txxx

TOF EN PT

Txxx


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CV = PT. Reset TOF (c CV v bit trng thi) bng cch cung cp tn hiu vo u vo EN.

Bng : S Timer v phn gii.

Note: Khng th cng mt lc s dng c 2 b TON v TOF cho cng 1 a ch (v dT37). Bng : Ga tr t ti a cho tng loi v trng thi lm vic ca cc loi Timer.

Vic s dng tip im thng ng Q0.0 bn di m lm tn hiu u vo cho Timer m bo cho Q0.0 s c gi tr logic bng 1 trong mt vng qut mi thi im m gi tr m tc thi ca b Timer t gi tr t trc PT.


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To khong thi gian tr 300ms bng cc loi timer c phn gii khc nhau

Hnh 23: V d cch s dng b TON.


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Hnh 24: V d cch s dng b TONR

. Hnh 25: V d cch s dng b TOF


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4. SIMATIC Counter Instructions (Count Up, Count Up Down, Count Down ): STL LAD M t Description

Ton hng Operands


Cxxx: Constant word

EU, R : power flow. bool

CTU Cxxx, PV

Khai bo b m tin theo snln ca tn hiu u vo CU. Khi g tr m tc thi C-Word ln hn hoc bng gi tr t trc PV, ht bit trng thi Cxxx c gi tr bng 1. B m c Reset khi R c gi tr logic bng 1. B m ngng m khi gi trm t gi tr cc i 32767.

PT: IW, QW, MW, SMW, VW, LW, SW, AIW, T, C, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

INT

Cxxx: Constant word

EU, ED, R : power flow. bool

CTUD Cxxx, PV

Khai bo b m tin/li; mtin theo sn ln ca tn hiu u vo CU, m li theo sn ln ca tn hiu u vo CD. Khi g tr m tc thi C-Word ln hn hoc bng gi tr t trc PV, ht bit trng thi Cxxx c gi tr bng 1. B m c Reset khi R c gi tr logic bng 1. B m ngng m tin khi gi tr m t gi tr cc i 32767. B m ngng m li khi gi tr m t gi tr cc i -32767. CTUD reset khi u vo R c gi tr logic bng 1.


INT

Cxxx: Constant word

CD, LD : power flow. bool

CTD Cxxx, PV

Khai bo b m li theo snln ca tn hiu u vo C. Khi g tr m tc thi C-Word ln hn hoc bng gi tr t trc PV, ht bit trng thi Cxxx c gi tr bng 1. B m c Reset khi R c gi tr logic bng 1. B m ngng m khi gi trm t gi tr cc i 32767.


INT

CTU CU R PV

Cxxx

CTUD CU CD R PV

Cxxx

CTD CD LD PV

Cxxx


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Hnh 26: V d cch s dng b CTD.


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Hnh 27: V d cch s dng b CTUD. 5. SIMATIC Integer Math Instructions:


Kiu dliu Data

Types Add Integer and Subtract Integer

MOVW IN1, OUT +I IN2, OUT

hoc +I IN1, IN2

Lnh cng hai s nguyn 16 bit IN1 + IN2 kt qu cha trong OUT (16 bit)

MOVW IN1, OUT -I IN2, OUT

hoc -I IN1, IN2

Lnh tr hai snguyn 16 bit IN1- IN2 kt qu cha trong OUT (16 bit)

IN1, IN2: IW, QW, MW, SMW, VW, LW, SW,

AIW, T, C, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

OUT: IW, QW, MW, SMW, VW, LW, SW, T, C, AC, VD, AC, LD

INT

Add Double Integer and Subtract Double Integer

MOVD IN1, OUT +D IN2, OUT

hoc +D IN1, IN2

Lnh cng hai s nguyn 32 bit IN1 + IN2 kt qu cha trong OUT (32 bit)

MOVD IN1, OUT -D IN2, OUT

hoc -D IN1, IN2

Lnh tr hai snguyn 32 bit IN1 - IN2 kt qu cha trong OUT (32 bit)

IN1, IN2: ID, QD, MD, VD, SMD, SD, LD,

HC,AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

OUT: ID, QD, MD, VD, SMD, SD, LD,AC, VD,

AC, LD

DINT

Add Real and Subtract Real IN1, IN2: ID, QD, MD, VD, SMD, SD, LD, HC,AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

MOVR IN1, OUT +R IN2, OUT

hoc +R IN1, IN2

Lnh cng hai s thc 32 bit IN1 + IN2 kt qu cha trong OUT (32 bit) OUT: ID, QD, MD, VD,

SMD, SD, LD,AC, VD, AC, LD

Real

MOVR IN1, OUT Lnh tr hai s IN1, IN2: ID, QD, MD, Real

ADD_R EN IN1 OUT IN2

ADD_DI EN IN1 OUT IN2

SUB_DI EN IN1 OUT IN2

ADD_I EN IN1 OUT IN2

SUB_I EN IN1 OUT IN2


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VD, SMD, SD, LD, HC,AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

-R IN2, OUT hoc

-R IN1, IN2

thc 32 bit IN1 + IN2 kt qu cha trong OUT (32 bit) OUT: ID, QD, MD, VD,

SMD, SD, LD,AC, VD, AC, LD

Miltiply Integer and Divide Integer

MOVW IN1, OUT *I IN2, OUT

hoc *I IN1, IN2

Lnh nhn hai s nguyn 16 bit IN1*IN2 kt qu cha trong OUT (16 bit)

MOVW IN1, UT /I IN2, OUT

hoc /I IN1, IN2

Lnh chia hai s nguyn 16 bit IN1/IN2 kt qu cha trong OUT (16 bit)

IN1, IN2: IW, QW, MW, SMW, VW, LW, SW,

AIW, T, C, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

OUT: IW, QW, MW, SMW, VW, LW, SW, T, C, AC, VD, AC, LD

INT

Miltiply Double Integer and Divide Double Integer

MOVD IN1, OUT *D IN2, OUT

hoc *D IN1, IN2

Lnh nhn hai s nguyn 32 bit IN1*IN2 kt qu cha trong OUT (32 bit)

MOVD IN1, OUT /D IN2, OUT

hoc /D IN1, IN2

Lnh chia hai s nguyn 32 bit IN1/IN2 kt qu cha trong OUT (32 bit)

IN1, IN2: ID, QD, MD, VD, SMD, SD, LD,

HC,AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

OUT: ID, QD, MD, VD, SMD, SD, LD,AC, VD,

AC, LD

DINT

Multiply Integer to Double Double Integer and Divide Integer to Double Double Integer

MOVW IN1, OUT MUL IN2, OUT

hoc MUL IN1, IN2

Lnh nhn hai s nguyn 16 bit IN1*IN2 kt qu cha trong OUT (32

IN1, IN2: IW, QW, MW, SMW, VW, LW, SW, AIW, T, C, AC, Constant, VD,

AC, LD

INT

SUB_R EN IN1 OUT IN2

MULL_I EN IN1 OUT IN2

DIV_I EN IN1 OUT IN2

MUL EN IN1 OUT IN2

DIV_DI EN IN1 OUT IN2

MUL_DI EN IN1 OUT IN2


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trong OUT (32 bit)

OUT: ID, QD, MD, VD, SMD, SD, LD,AC, VD, AC, LD

DINT


AC, LD

INT MOVW IN1, OUT DIV IN2, OUT

hoc DIV IN1, IN2

Lnh chia hai s nguyn 16 bit IN1*IN2 kt qu cha trong OUT (32 bit) OUT: ID, QD, MD, VD,

SMD, SD, LD,AC, VD, AC, LD DINT

Miltiply Real and Divide Real

MOVR IN1, OUT *R IN2, OUT

hoc *R IN1, IN2

Lnh nhn hai s thc 32 bit IN1*IN2 kt qu cha trong OUT (32 bit)

MOVR IN1, OUT /R IN2, OUT

hoc /R IN1, IN2

Lnh chia hai s thc 32 bit IN1/IN2 kt qu cha trong OUT (32 bit)


AC, LD OUT: ID, QD, MD, VD, SMD, SD, LD,AC, VD,

AC, LD

Real

Nhng lnh ny lm n gin ho cc vng iu khin bn trong chng trnh hoc l cc qu trnh lp. Trong LAD hay trong STL cc lnh tng hoc gim u lm vic vi cc ton hng c kiu Byte, t n, kiu t kp theo nguyn tc cng hoc tr ton hng vi s nguyn 1. tit kim nh ta c th s dng u vo ng thi lm u ra.

Increment Byte and Decrement Byte

INCB OUT

DECB OUT

M t trn.

IN: IB, QB, MB, VB, SMB, SB, LB, AC,

Constant, VD, AC, LD OUT:IB, QB, MB, VB, SMB, SB, LB, AC, VD,

AC, LD

Byte

DIV EN IN1 OUT IN2

MUL_R EN IN1 OUT IN2

DIV_R EN IN1 OUT IN2

INC_B EN IN OUT

DEC_B EN IN OUT


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Increment Word and Decrement Word

INCW OUT

DECW OUT

M t trn

IN: IW, QW, MW, SMW, VW, LW, SW, AIW, T, C, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD OUT: IW, QW, MW, SMW, VW, LW, SW, AIW, T, C, AC, VD, AC, LD

INT

Increment Double Word and Decrement Double Word

INCD OUT

DECB OUT

M t trn

IN: ID, QD, MD, VD, SMD, SD, LD, HC,AC,

Constant, VD, AC, LD OUT: ID, QD, MD, VD, SMD, SD, LD, HC,AC,

VD, AC, LD

DINT

INC_W EN IN OUT

DEC_W EN IN OUT

INC_DW EN IN OUT

DEC_DW EN IN OUT


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Hnh 28: V d v cch s dng lnh MUL, DIV.

Hnh 29: V d v cch s dng lnh INC DEC


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Hnh 30: V d v cch s dng lnh ADD, MUL, DIV vi s thc.


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6. SIMATIC Numerical Function Instructions:


Kiu d liu Data

Types Square Root

SQRT IN, OUT

Lnh thc hin php ly cn bc hai ca s thc 32 bit. Kt qu cng l s 32 bit c ghi vo t kp OUT.

IN: ID, QD, MD, VD, SMD, SD, LD, HC,AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD OUT: ID, QD, MD, VD, SMD, SD, LD, HC,AC, VD, AC, LD

Real

Natural Logarithm (logarit t nhin)

LN IN, OUT

Lnh Natural Logarithm thc hin php logirit t nhin ca s thc 32 bit, Kt qu c lu vo t kp OUT. Lnh ny cng c s dng thc hin php logarit c s 10 t php ly logarit t nhin.


Real

Natural Exponential (php ly t nhin)

EPX IN, OUT


Real

SQRT EN IN OUT

SQRT EN IN OUT

EPX EN IN OUT


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Sine, Cosine and Tangent

SIN IN, OUT

COS IN, OUT

TAN IN, OUT

Lnh Sine, Cosine v Tangent nh gi tr hm lng gic ca gc IN(s thc 32 bit). Kt quc lu vo doubleword OUT. Vi iu kin: IN tnh bng radian, nu l th phi thc hin php chuyn t sang radian bng cch thc hin lnh MUL_R nhn gi tr IN Vi 1.745329E-2 (/180)

IN: ID, QD, MD, VD, SMD, SD,

LD, HC,AC, Constant, VD,

AC, LD OUT: ID, QD,

MD, VD, SMD, SD, LD, HC,AC, VD, AC, LD

Real

TBL: VB BYTE

PID TBL, LOOP

Lnh thc hin tnh ton vng lp, vi sth t l LOOP (0


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ny cn phi thc hin mt s th tc quy nh trc khi qu trnh tnh ton din ra nh: vic khai bo tham s ca hm, a ch ca mng d liu, ly mu tn hiu vo analog u vo, thc hin qu trnh tnh ton, chun ho, hiu chnh... Phn ny s c trnh by c th chng sau.

7. SIMATIC Move Instructions:



Move Byte, Move Word, Move Double Word and Move Real

MOVB IN, OUT

Lnh thc hin vic chuyn d liu t byte IN vo byte OUT khi c sn ln ca tn hiu vo.

IN: IB, QB, MB, VB, SMB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD OUT:IB, QB, MB, VB, SMB, SB, LB, AC, VD, AC, LD

Byte

MOV_B EN IN OUT


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MOVW IN,OUT

Lnh thc hin vic chuyn dliu t Word IN vo Word OUT khi c sn ln ca tn hiu vo.

IN: IW, QW, VW, LW, SW, AIW, T, C, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD OUT: IW, QW, MW, SMW, VW, LW, SW, AIW, T, C, AC, VD, AC, LD

Word, INT

MOVD IN, OUT

Lnh thc hin vic chuyn dliu t kp IN vo t kp OUT khi c sn ln ca tn hiu vo.

IN: ID, QD, MD, VD, SMD, SD, LD, HC,AC, &VB, &IB, &QB, &SB, &MB, &T, &C, Constant, VD, AC, LD OUT: ID, QD, MD, VD, SMD, SD, LD, HC,AC, VD, AC, LD

DoubleWord, DINT

MOVR IN, OUT

Lnh thc hin vic chuyn dliu l s thc tt kp IN vo tkp OUT khi c sn ln ca tn hiu vo.


Real

Block Move Byte, Block Move Word, Block Move Double Word and Block Move Real

IN, OUT: IB, QB, MB, VB, SMB, SB, LB, VD, AC, LD.

Byte

BMB IN, OUT, N

Lnh thc hin vic chuyn N byte d liu tnh t byte IN vo vng a ch tnh t byte OUT khi c sn ln ca tn hiu vo.

N: IB, QB, MB, VB, SMB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD 1


77

IN: IW, QW, VW, LW, SW, SMW, AIW, T, C, AC, VD, AC, LD OUT: IW, QW, VW, LW, SW, SMW, AQW, T, C, AC, VD, AC, LD

Word

BMW IN, OUT, N

Lnh thc hin vic chuyn N t n d liu tnh t t n IN vo vng a ch tnh t t n OUT khi c sn ln ca tn hiu vo.

N: IB, QB, MB, VB, SMB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD 1


78

Hnh 31: V d minh ho v cch s dng lnh khi hm.

Hnh 32: V d minh ho v cch s dng lnh khi hm


79

8. SIMATIC Table Instructions:

Cc lnh lm vic vi bng d liu gi tc l lnh bng, cho php nhp d liu vo mt bng, sp xp s lng theo th t c nhp vo hoc theo th t ngc li. Bng c nh ngha l mt mng t n xp lin nhau t a ch thp nht tnh t u bng n a ch cao nht tnh n cui bng. Hai t n u tin ca bng dng qun l bng. D liu c ghi vo trong bng bt u t t n th 3 trong bng, mi d liu chim mt t n, mt bng ch cha ti a 100 d liu. C ngha l bng ln nht c 204 byte. Hai t n u bng c ngha nh sau:

Hnh 33: M t bng d liu.

+ T u k hiu bng TL, cha kch thc ca bng khng k hai t n qun l. + T n th hai k hiu bng EC, qun l s cc d liu hin c trong bng. Bit SM1.4 c dng bo trng thi y bng. Cc lnh lm vic vi bng gm c cc lnh:

+ Nhp thm d liu vo bng : ATT - Add to Table(AT_T_TBL). + Ly d liu ra khi bng theo th t vo trc ra trc: First - In - First - Out

(FIFO). + Ly d liu ra khi bng theo th t vo sau ra trc: Last - In - First - Out

(LIFO). Tip: Lnh bng c thc hin lin tc (mt t trong mt vng qut) khi u vo vn cn c kch. Bi vy trc khi gi lnh lm vic vi bng nn thc hin lnh pht hin sn ln (EU) cho tn hiu u vo.


Kiu d liuData

Types Add to Table


80

DATA: IW, QW, VW, LW, SW, MW,

SMW, AIW, T, C, AC, Constant,

VD, AC, LD

INT

ATT DATA, TABLE

Lnh ghi thm vo bng mt d liu kiu t n, c xc nh bng ni dung cu ton hng DATA trong lnh. Bng c ch nh trong lnh bng ton hng TBL xc nh t u tin ca bng, tc l TL. Nu bng y tc l EC=TL, Bit SM1.4=1. D liu mi c a vo snm trong t cha dng u tin, tc l ngay sau d liu c nhp trc . Khi lnh thc hin xong th ndung ca t EC tng thm 1 n v.

TBL: IW, QW, VW, LW, SW, MW,

SMW, T, C, VD, AC, LD

Word

Hnh 34: V d v cch thc hin lnh ATT.

S dng lnh tm kim tm d liu theo mu cho trc trong mt bng. Mu dliu nh trc l ni dung ca ton hng PTN ca lnh. Tham s CMD l lut tm kim, c 4 lut tm kim: =, , .

Bng c ch nh trong lnh tm kim c ch nh bng ni dung ca ton hng TBL ch nh nm ngay trc vng cha d liu ca bng ( ny chnh l t n EC).

AD_T_TBL EN ENO DATA TBL


81

Bng quy nh cho lnh tm kim bao gm b m EC tc thi c kiu t n ghi s cc d liu c trong bng v vng d liu ca bng. S lng ln nht cc d liu ca bng c th c ca bng l 100. Mi d liu trong bng c kch thc bng t n. D liu trong bng c nh s t0n vi n c gi tr cc i bng 99. S cc d liu c trong bng l ni dung ca t n EC, khng bt buc lnh tm kim phi bt u t u bng. Lnh c th bt u cng vic tm kim ti mt im bt k trong vng d liu. Ton hng INDX xc nh im xut pht ca cng vic tm kim bng vic ch ra ch s (099) ca d liu u tin trong vng nh tm kim. Nh vy mun tm t u bng INDX phi c gi tr bng 0. Ni dung ca INDX l s nguyn trong khong t 0 n EC. Nu s dng lnh tm kim vi bng c to bi cc lnh ATT, FIFO, LIFO th nh EC l nh u bng phi c ch nh trong lnh ti ton hng TBL. Khi s dng lnh ATT, FIFO, LIFO i hi phi thng bo t s cc u vo cc i cho lnh ( nhTL) cn khi s dng lnh tm kim TBL_FIND th khng cn. Ton hng SRC ca lnh tm kim l tn ca nh EC (2 byte). C php ca lnh tm kim trong LAD v STL khc nhau. Trong khi c 4 lut tm kim CMD trong LAD, th trong STL tng ng vi mi lut tm kim c 1 lnh tm kim ring. Nh vy trong LAD ch c 1 hp cho 4 lnh tm kim th trong STL l: FND=, FND, FND. Ni dung ca ton hng trong LAD c quy nh nh sau: a) CMD = 1, tm theo lut = (bng nhau.). b) CMD = 2, tm theo lut (khc nhau).

c) CMD = 3, tm theo lut < (nh hn). d) CMD = 4, tm theo lut > (ln hn).


Kiu dliu Data

Types Table Fine

TBL: IW, QW, VW, LW, SW, MW, SMW, AIW, T, C, VD, AC, LD

Word

FND= TBL, PARNT, INDX FND TBL, PARNT, INDX

Thc hin vic tm kim trong bng xc nh bi TBL , bt u t v tr d liu INDX nh ch d liu PARNT. Lut tm kim c quy nh bi CMD c gi tr t1 n 4 tng ng =, , .

PTN: IW, QW, VW, LW, SW, MW, SMW, AIW, T, C, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

INT AD_T_TBL EN ENO TBL PTN INDX CMD


82

INDX: LW, SW, MW, SMW, AIW, T, C, VD, AC, LD Word

FND< TBL, PARNT, INDX FND> TBL, PARNT, INDX

, . Khi tm thy , INDX s ch vo d liu u tin tm c trong bng v lnh c kt thc. Do tm kim d liu tip theo, INDX phi c tng gi tr l v gi li lnh ny. Nu nh khng tm thy INDX c gi tr ng bng gi tr ca bm EC.

CMD: Constant

Byte

Bng : S khc nhau gia bng d liu nh ngha bng lnh ATT, FIFO, LIFO v lnh FIN.


83

Hnh 35: V d v cch s dng lnh tm kim FND.


Kiu dliu Data

Types Fisrt - In - Fisrf - Out


84

TBL: IW, QW, VW, LW, SW,

MW, T, C, VD, AC, LD

INT

FIFO TABLE, DATA

Lnh ly d liu u tin ca bng ra khi bng. Nu bng trng c ngha l d liu trong c ly ra ht, hay EC=0, bit SM1.4=1. D liu ly ra ghi vo DATA (kiu t). Cc d liu cn li c dn ln v tr trn lp ch trng va mi b ly i. Khi lnh thc hin xong ni dung ca EC gim i mt n v.

DATA: IW, QW, VW, LW, SW, MW, SMW,

AIW, T, C, AQW, VD, AC, LD

Word

Hnh 36: V d v cch s dng lnh FIFO. .


Kiu d liu

FIFO EN ENO TBL DATA


85

Data Types

Last - In - Fisrf - Out TBL: IW, QW,

VW, LW, SW, MW, T, C, VD,

AC, LD

INT

LIFO TABLE, DATA

Lnh ly d liu cui cng ca bng ra khi bng tc l d liu c nhp sau cng. Nu bng trng c ngha l d liu trong c ly ra ht, hay EC=0, bit SM1.4=1. D liu ly ra ghi vo DATA (kiu t). Cc d liu cn li c dn ln v tr trn lp chtrng va mi b ly i. Khi lnh thc hin xong ni dung ca EC gim i mt n v.

DATA: IW, QW, VW, LW, SW, MW, SMW,

AIW, T, C, AQW, VD, AC, LD

Word

Hnh 37: V d v cch s dng lnh LIFO.

LIFO EN ENO TBL DATA


86


Kiu dliu Data

Types Memory Fill

IN: IW, QW, VW, LW, SW, MW, SMW, AIW, T, C, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

Word

N: IB, QB, MB, VB, SMB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

Byte FILL IN, OUT,

N

Lnh in gi trcha trong Word IN vo mng bt u t a chWord OUT. N l s t n ca mng, 1


87

ANDB IN1, OUT

Lnh thc hin AND gia cc bit tng ng ca hai Byte IN1 v IN2, kt qughi vo Byte OUT.

IN1, IN2: IB, QB, MB, VB, SMB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

Byte

ORB IN1, OUT

Lnh thc hin OR gia cc bit tng ng ca hai Byte IN1 v IN2, kt qu ghi vo Byte OUT.

XORB IN1, OUT

Lnh thc hin XOR gia cc bit tng ng ca hai Byte IN1 v IN2, kt qughi vo Byte OUT.

OUT: IB, QB, MB, VB, SMB, SB, LB, AC, VD, AC, LD

Byte

And Word, Or Word, Exclusive Or Word

ANDW IN1, OUT

Lnh thc hin AND gia cc bit tng ng ca hai Word IN1 v IN2, kt qughi vo Word OUT.

ORW IN1, OUT

Lnh thc hin OR gia cc bit tng ng ca hai Word IN1 v IN2, kt qu ghi vo Word OUT.

IN1, IN2: IW, QW, VW, LW, SW, MW, SMW, AIW, T, C, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

XORW IN1, OUT

Lnh thc hin XOR gia cc bit tng ng ca hai Word IN1 v IN2, kt qughi vo Word OUT.

OUT: IW, QW, VW, LW, SW, MW, SMW, T, C, AC, VD, AC, LD

Word

And DWord, Or DWord, Exclusive Or DWord

ANDD IN1, OUT

Lnh thc hin AND gia cc bit tng ng ca hai tkp IN1 v IN2, kt qu ghi vo t kp OUT.

ORD 1, OUT

Lnh thc hin OR gia cc bit tng ng ca hai t kp

IN1, IN2: ID, QD, VD, LD, SD, MD, SMD, HD, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

Double Word

WOR_B EN ENO IN1 OUT IN2

WXOR_B EN ENO IN1 OUT IN2

WAND_W EN ENO IN1 OUT IN2

WOR_W EN ENO IN1 OUT IN2

WXOR_W EN ENO IN1 OUT IN2

WAND_B EN ENO IN1 OUT IN2

WAND_DW EN ENO IN1 OUT IN2

WOR_DW EN ENO IN1 OUT IN2


88

IN1 v IN2, kt qu ghi vo t kp OUT.

XORD IN1, OUT

Lnh thc hin XOR gia cc bit tng ng ca hai tkp IN1 v IN2, kt qughi vo t kp OUT.

OUT: ID, QD, VD, LD, MD, SMD, AC, VD, AC, LD

Hnh 39: V d v cch s dng lnh AND, OR, XOR.


Kiu dliu Data

Types Invert Byte, Invert Word, Invert DWord

WXOR_DW EN ENO IN1 OUT IN2


89

INVB OUT

Lnh o tng bit ca byte u vo IN, kt qa a ra u ra OUT. Thng th u vo v ra cng a ch.

IN:IB, QB, MB, VB, SMB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD OUT:IB, QB, MB, VB, SMB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

Byte

INVW OUT

Lnh o tng bit ca t n u vo IN, kt qa a ra u ra OUT. Thng th u vo v ra cng a ch.

IN: IW, QW, VW, LW, SW, MW, SMW, AC, AIW , T, C, Constant, VD, AC, LD OUT: IW, QW, VW, LW, SW, MW, SMW, AC, T, C, VD, AC, LD

Word

INVD OUT

Lnh o tng bit ca t kp u vo IN, kt qa a ra u ra OUT. Thng th u vo v ra cng a ch.

IN: ID, QD, VD, LD, SD, MD, SMD, HD, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD OUT: ID, QD, VD, LD, SD, MD, SMD, AC, VD, AC, LD

DWord

Hnh 40: V d v cch s dng lnh INVB, INVW, INVD. 10. SIMATIC Stack Logic Instructions:

INV_B EN ENO IN1 OUT

INV_W EN ENO IN1 OUT

INV_DW EN ENO IN1 OUT


90

Cc lnh tip im trong i s Boolean cho php to lp c cc mch logic (khng c nh). Trong LAD cc mch ny biu din thng qua cu trc mch, mc ni tip hay song song cc mch tip im thng ng v cc tip im thng m. STL c th s dng cc lnh A (And) v O (Or) cho cc tip im mc ni tip v song song l thng h hoc cc lnh AN (And Not) v ON (Or Not) cho cc tip im mc ni tip v song song l thng ng. Ga tr ca cc bit trong ngn xp thay i tu thuc vo tng lnh. Trong phn ny chng ta s i su hn v s lm vic ca cc bit trong ngn xp, vic hiu v nm bt v ngn xp l iu rt cn thit trong vn lp trnh dng ngn ng STL. Ngoi nhng lnh lm vic trc tip vi tip im, S7-200 cn c 5 lnh c bit biu din ccc php tnh ca i s Boolean cho cc bit trong ngn xp, c gi l cc lnh stack logic. Trong LAD khng dng nhng lnh ny. STL s dng cc lnh ny thc hin nhng php ton ca phng trnh c nhiu biu thc con. Sau y l bng tm tt c php v hng dn cch s dng lnh.

STL LAD M t Description

Ton hng

Operands

Kiu dliu Data

Types And Load

ALD

none

Lnh t hp gi tr u tin v gi tr ca bit th hai trong ngn xp bng php tnh . Kt qu c ghi li vo bit u tin ca ngn xp. Ga tr cn li c ko ln 1 bit.

none

none

Or LoaD

OLD

none

Lnh t hp gi tr u tin v gi tr ca bit th hai trong ngn xp bng php tnh . Kt qu c ghi li vo bit u tin ca ngn xp. Ga tr cn li c ko ln 1 bit.

none

none

Logic PuSh

LPS none

Sao chp gi tr ca bit u tin vo bit th hai trong ngn xp. Ga tr cn li by xung 1 bit. Bit cui cng b y ra ngoi.

none none

Logic ReaD

LRD none Lnh sao chp gi tr ca bit th hai vo bit u tin ca ngn xp, cc gi tr cn li ca ngn xp vn gi nguyn.

none none

Logic PoP

LPP none Lnh ko ngn xp ln 1 bit theo nguyn tc bit sao ln bit trc. none none


91

LoaD Stack

LDS n none

Lnh sao chp gi tr ca bit th n (ngn xp c 9 bit th bit th nh c tnh l 1...n bit cui cng l 8) ca ngn xp ln bit u tin. Cc gi tr cn li ca ngn xp bi y li xung 1 bit, bit cui cng b y ra khi ngn xp.

n: 18 Byte

Hnh 41: M t hot ng ca lnh LDS.

Hnh 42: M t hot ng ca lnh ALD v OLD.


92

Hnh 43: M t hot ng ca lnh LPS, LRD, LPP.

Hnh 44: V d v cch s dng lnh ALD, OLD, LPP, LPS, LRD. 11. SIMATIC Conversion Instructions: Cc hm i kiu d liu cho php thc hin vic i kiu d liu t kiu ny sang kiu khc. Sau y l cc lnh bin i kiu d liu trong STL v LAD:


Kiu d liu Data

Types BCD to Integer and Integer to BCD

BCDI OUT

Lnh chuyn i mt s nh_thp phn IN sang s nguyn v lu kt qu vo OUT. Gii hn ca IN: 09999.

IN: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW, SMW, AIW ,AC, T, C, Constant, VD, AC, LD, SW. OUT: IW, QW,

Word

BCD_I EN ENO IN OUT


93

VW, LW, MW, SMW, AC, T, C, VD, AC, LD, SW.

IBCD OUT

Lnh chuyn i mt s nguyn IN sang snh_thp phn v lu kt qu vo OUT. Gii hn ca IN: 09999.

IN: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW, SMW, AIW ,AC, T, C, Constant, VD, AC, LD. OUT: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW, SMW, AC, T, C, VD, AC, LD.

Word

Double Integer to Real DTR IN, OUT

Lnh chuyn i snguyn 32 bit IN sang s thc (32 bit) v lu kt qu vo OUT.

IN: ID, QD, VD, LD, MD, SMD, AC, HD, Constant, VD, AC, LD, SD. OUT:ID, QD, VD, LD, MD, SMD, AC, HD, VD, AC, LD, SD.

DWord

Round IN: ID, QD, VD, LD, MD, SMD, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD, SD.

Real

ROUND IN, OUT

Lnh chuyn i sthc IN thnh snguyn double Integer (lm trn s) v kt qa l vo OUT. Nu phn l >= 0.5 th c lm trn v pha ln hn 1 n v.

OUT:ID, QD, VD, LD, MD, SMD, AC, HD, VD, AC, LD, SD.

DINT

Truncate TRUNC IN,

Hm chuyn i sthc 32 bit c du sang

s nguyn 32 bit c du.

IN: ID, QD, VD, LD, MD, SMD, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD, SD.

Real

I_BCD EN ENO IN OUT

DI_R EN ENO IN OUT

RONUD EN ENO IN OUT

TRUNC EN ENO IN OUT


94

OUT OUT:ID, QD, VD, LD, MD, SMD, AC, HD, VD, AC, LD, SD.

DINT

Double Integer to Integer and Integer to Double Integer IN: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW,SW, SMW, AIW ,AC, T, C, Constant, VD, AC, LD.

INT

ITD IN, OUT

Lnh chuyn i s nguyn 16 bit sang s

nguyn 32 bit. OUT: ID, QD,VD, LD, MD,SD, SMD, AC, VD, AC, LD.

DINT

IN: ID, QD,VD, LD, MD,SD, SMD, AC,Constant, VD, AC, LD.

DINT

DTI IN, OUT

Lnh chuyn i s nguyn 32 bit sang s

nguyn 16 bit. OUT: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW,SW, SMW, AC, T, C, VD, AC, LD.

INT

Integer to Real, Byte to Integer and Integer to Byte

(Integer to Real)

none

Khng c lnh chuyn i trc tip ny. Ta c th thc hin c bng cch dng lnh ITD (chuyn s nguyn 16 bit thnh s nguyn 32 bit) sau dng tip lnh DTR (chuyn s nguyn 32 bit sang s thc ).

none

none

BTI IN, OUT

Lnh chuyn i gi tr ca Byte IN thnh gi

tr Integer 16 bit v lu vo OUT.

IN: IB, QB, MB, SMB, VB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD,

AC, LD. Byte

I_DI EN ENO IN OUT

DI_I EN ENO IN OUT


95

OUT: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW,SW,

SMW, AC, T, C, VD, AC, LD.

INT

IN: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW,SW,

SMW, AC, T, C, AIW, Constant,

VD, AC, LD. INT

IBT IN, OUT

Lnh chuyn i gi tr trong Word IN thnh gi Byte v lu gi tr

ny vo OUT.

OUT: IB, QB, MB, SMB, VB, SB, LB,

AC, VD, AC, LD.

Byte

Hnh 45: V d minh ho cch s dng cc lnh chuyn i.

I_B EN ENO IN OUT


96


Kiu d liu Data

Types Decode

IN: IB, QB, MB, SMB, VB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD

Byte

DECO IN, OUT

Lnh t gi tr logic 1 vo bit ca t n OUT c ch s (trng s ca

bit thuc Word) bng s nguyn nm trong nibble (4 bit) thp ca byte u

vo IN. Cc bi cn li ca t n

c gi tr logic bng 0.

OUT: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW,SW, SMW, AC, T, C, AIW, VD, AC, LD.

Word

IN: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW,SW, SMW, AC, T, C, AIW, VD, AC, LD.

Word

ENCO IN, OUT

Lnh xc nh ch s ca bit thp nht trong t n IN c gi tr logic

1v ghi kt qu ny vo nibble thp nht ca byte

u ra OUT.

OUT: IB, QB, MB, SMB, VB, SB, LB, AC, VD, AC, LD.

Byte

ENCO EN ENO IN OUT

DECO EN ENO IN OUT


97

Hnh 46: V d v cch s dng lnh DECO.

Hnh 47: V d v cch s dng lnh ENCO.


Kiu dliu Data

Types Segment


98

IN: IB, QB, MB, SMB, LB, VB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, SB, LD. SEG IN,

OUT

Lnh xut cc bit cho thanh ghi 7 on tng ng vi ni dung ca 4 bit thp nht ca byte u vo IN. Kt qu c chi vo byte u ra.

OUT: IB, QB, MB, SMB, LB, VB, AC, VD, AC, SB, LD.

Byte

ASCII to Hexa and Hexa to ASCII IN, OUT: IB, QB, MB, SMB, LB, VB, VD, AC, SB, LD.

Byte

ATH IN, OUT, LEN

Thc hin php bin i mt chui k t c di c ch th trong ton hng LEN, bt u bng k t ch nh trong ton hng IN, sang s nguyn h c s 16 v ghi vo vng nh k t byte c ch nh bi OUT. di cc i ca chui k t l 255. Nhng k t hp l l nhng k t c m ASCII t 3039 v 4146 (c s 16, ng vi cc k t t 09, AF ). Nu m ho mt k t b sai th qu trnh m ho b dng li v bit SM1.7 c gi tr logic bng 1.

LEN: IB, QB, MB, SMB, LB, VB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, SB, LD.

Byte

HTA IN, OUT, LEN

Thc hin i mt dy ch vit trong h c s 16 thnh chui k t m ASCII. Dy s u vo c lu trong mng bt u bng IN

IN, OUT: IB, QB, MB, SMB, LB, VB, VD, AC, SB, LD.

Byte

SEG EN ENO IN OUT

ATH EN IN OUT LEN

ATH EN IN OUT LEN


99

v c di l LEN. di cc i ca dy s l 255. Chui k tu ra c ghi vo mng c byte u l OUT.

LEN: IB, QB, MB, SMB, LB, VB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, SB, LD.

Hnh 48: V d v cch s dng lnh ATH, HTA.

Hnh 49: V d v cch s dng lnh SEG.

Hnh 50: M hin th thanh ghi 7 on.


100

12. SIMATIC Clock Instrutions: Tuyt i khng s dng lnh c /ghi (TODR/TODW) thi gian thc cng mt

lc trong chng trnh chnh v chng trnh x l ngt. Khi mt lnh TODR hoc TODW thc hin th khi gi chng trnh x l ngt, cc lnh lm vic vi ng h thi gian thc trong chng trnh x l ngt s khng c thc hin na. Bit SM4.5 s c mc logic 1 trong nhng trng hp nh vy.

ng h thi gian thc ch c i vi CPU214 tr ln. c th lm vic vi ng h thi gian thc th CPU s cung cp 2 lnh c/ghi gi tr cho ng h. Nhng gi tr c c hoc ghi c vi ng h thi gian thc l cc gi tr v ngy, thng, nm v cc gi tr v gi, pht, giy.

Cc d liu c/ghi vi ng h thi gian thc trong LAD, STL c di 1 byte v phi c m ho theo kiu s nh thp phn BCD (Ex: 16#95 CHO NM 95). Chng nm trong b m gm 8 byte lin nhau theo th t nh sau:

Hnh 51: B m 8 byte cu lnh ng h thi gian thc.

Cc gi tr ca cc thng s phi nm trong gii hn:

CPU S7-200 khng thc hin kim tra li ngy thng, ngy ca tun iu chnh

li ngy thng. Gi tr v ngy thng nh l February 30 c th c chp nhn. Do bn s phi chc chn rng ngy thng ca b a vo l ng.


Kiu d liu Data

Types Read Real-Time Clock and Set Real-Time Clock

TODR T

Lnh c ni dung ca ng h thi gian thc vo b m 8 byte c ch nh trong lnh bng ton hng T.

TODW T Lnh ghi ni dung

T: VB,IB, QB, MB, SMB, SB, LB, VD,

AC, LD.

Byte

READ_RTC EN ENO T


101

ca b m 8 byte c ch nh trong lnh bng ton hng T vo ng h thi gian thc.

13. SIMATIC Program Control Instrutions:

Cc lnh ca chng trnh, nu khng c nhng lnh iu khin ring, s c thc hin tn t t trn xung di trong mt vng qut. Lnh iu khin chng trnh cho php thay i th t thc hin lnh. Chng cho php chuyn th t nh: ng l ra l lnh tio theo, ti mt lnh bt c no khc ca chng trnh; trong ni iu khin chuyn n phi c nh du trc bng nhn ch ch. Nhm lnh iu khin chng trnh gm: lnh nhy, lnh gi chng trnh con, nhn ch ch (hay gi n gin l nhn), phi c nh du trc khi thc hin lnh nhy hay lnh gi chng trnh con. Vic t nhn cho lnh nhy phi nm trong chng trnh. Nhn ca chng trnh con hay nhn ca chngtrnh x l ngt phi c khai bo u chng trnh. Khng th dng lnh JMP chuyn iu khin t chng trnh chnh vo nhn bt k trong chng trnh con hoc chng trnh x l ngt. Ngc li cng khng c php t mt chng trnh con hay chng trnh x l ngt nhy ra ngoi chng trnh chnh . Lnh gi chng trnh con l lnh chuyn quyn iu khin n chng trnh con. Sau khi chng trnh con thc hin xong th quyn iu khin li c chuyn v lnh tip theo trong chng trnh chnh nagy sau lnh gi chng trnh con. T mt chng trnh con c th gi mt chng trnh con khc trong n, c th gi nh vy nhiu nht l 8 ln. Php quy cng c th thc hin c trong S7-200, mc d khng b cm song phi ch n gii hn trn. Trng thi ca ngn xp: Nu lnh nhy hay lnh gi chng trnh con c thc hin th nh ngn xplun c g tr logic bng 1. Nh vy trong chng trnh con cc lnh c iu kin c thc hin nh lnh khng c iu kin. Sau cc lnh LBL (lnh t nhn) v SBR, lnh LD trong STL s b v hiu ho. Khi mt chng trnh con oc gi, ton b ni dung trong ngn xp s c ct i, nh ca ngn xp nhn gi tr logic mi l 1, cc bit khc cn li ca ngn xp nhn gi tr logic l 0 v iu khin c chuyn n chng trnh con c gi. Khi thc hin xong chng trnh con v trc khi quyn iu khin c chuyn n chng trnh gi n th ni dung ca ngn xp c ct gi trc s c chuyn tr li cho ngn xp. Ni dung ca thanh ghi AC khng c ct gi khi gi chng trnh con, nhng khi mt chng trnh x l ngt c gi, ni dung thanh ghi AC s c ct gi trc khi thc hin chng trnh x l ngt v tr li sau khi chng trnh x l ngt va thc hin xong. Bi vy chng trnh x l ngt c th t do s dng 4 thanh ghi AC ca S7-200.

SET_RTC EN ENO T


102


Kiu dliu Data

Types Jump to Label and Label

JMP n

Lnh nhy thc hin chuyn quyn iu khin n nhn n trong mt chng trnh.

LBL n

Lnh khai bo nhn n trong mt chng trnh.

n: CPU 212:0 n 63 CPU 21x khc t

0 n 255.

none

Hnh 52: V d cch s dng lnh JMP, LBL.

STL

LAD M t

Description

Ton hng Operands

Kiu dliu Data

JMP n

JMP n


103

Types Subroutine and Return Subroutine

SBR n

Lnh gi chng trnh con, thc hin php chuyn quyn iu khin n chng trnh con c nhn n.

n: CPU 212:0 n 15 CPU 21x khc t

0 n 255.

none

RET

Lnh tr v chng trnh gi chng trnh con khng iu kin.

CRET

Lnh tr v chng trnh gi chng trnh con c iu kin.

none none

SBRn EN

RET

CRET


104

Hnh 53: V d cch s dng lnh gi v thot khi chng trnh con. Cc lnh sau s can thip vo thi gian vng qut, n c dng kt thc chng trnh ang thc hin hoc ko di thm thi gian ca vng qut. Trong chng trnh chnh, kt thc chng trnh bng lnh MEND, nhng trong son tho chng trnh chng ta khng cn lnh kt thc ny m Step 7 MicroWin mc nh ri. Lnh END cng l lnh kt thc chng trnh nhng l lnh kt thc c iu kin. Khi chng trnh chnh hoc chng trnh con gp lnh STOP th chng trnh skt thc ngay ti cui vng qut hin thi v CPU chuyn sang ch STOP. Nu trong chng trinh x l ngt gp lnh STOP th ngt cng c dng li ngay lp tc, cc tn hiu x l ngt ang cn nm trong hng i s b hu b, phn cn li ca chng trnh s khng thc hin.Vic thc s chuyn sang ch STOP xy ra cui chu k vng qut hin thi sau giai on xut tn hiu cho u ra. Lnh WDR s khi ng li ng h quan sat (Watchdog Timer), chng trnh tip tc thc hin trong vng qut ch quan sat. Nn cn thn khi s dng lnh ny. Khi trong chng trnh s dng lnh lp, hoc thi gian tr qu ln th nhng qu trnh sau b hn ch: - Truyn thng (loi tr kiu Freeport). - Cp nht vo ra (tr nhng lnh vo ra tc th). - Cp nht cng bc. - Cp nht cc bit kiu SM. - Chun on thi gian chy. - Vi cc vng qut ln hn 25 giy th cc b Timer c phn gii10ms v 100ms s khng c chnh xc. Nu thi gian ca vng qut ln hn 300ms, hoc khi gpkj mt ngt c chng trnh x l ngt vi thi gian chy chng trnh lu hn 300ms th cn phi s cng lnh WDR khi ng li ng h quan st.


105

Vic chuyn cng tc phn cng sang ch STOP hoc thc hin lnh STOP trong chng trnh s l nguyn nhn t ch iu khin vo ch dng trong khong thi gian 1,4s.

STL LAD M t


Kiu dliu Data

Types End and Stop and Watchdog Timer

END

Lnh kt thc chng trnh hin hnh c u kin.

STOP

Lnh kt thc chng trnh hin hnh v chuyn sang ch STOP.

WDR

Lnh khi ng li ng h quan st.

none none

Hnh 54: V d v cch s dng lnh STOP, WDR, END xy dng cu trc vng lp nhm thc hin lp mt khi lnh ring bit trong

chng trnh. S dng lnh FOR...NEXT thit k mt vng lp vi s ln c th nh trc bng hai ton hng INIT kiu t n ch im khi pht v FINAL cng kiu tn ch im kt thc. Ngoi ra lnh cn s dng mt t n INDX lu s vng lp tc thi.

Mi mt cu lnh FOR i hi phi c mt cu lnh NEXT ng cui khi lnh c lp. Cc vng FOR...NEXT c th c lng vo nhau nhng s lnh lng vo nhau khng c vt qu 8 ln.

END

STOP

WDR


106

Ti thi im bt u thc hin lnh vng lp FOR, t n INDX nhn gi tr ca INIT. Sau , mi khi kt thc mt vng lp, tc l khi gp lnh NEXT, ni dung ca INDX c tng ln 1 n v v c so snh vi ni dung ca FINAL. Nu ni dung ca INDX cha ln hn ni dung ca FINAL th chng trnh s tip tc thc hin li vng lp, ngc li khi ni dung ca INDX ln hn ni dung ca FINAL th chng trnh s kt thclnh FOR...NEXT v tip tc thc hin lnh k tip nm ngay sau lnh NEXT.

Khi lnh NEXT thc hin th bit u tin trong ngn xp c gi tr logic bng 1.


Kiu dliu Data

Types FOR...NEXT

INDX: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW,SW, SMW, AC, T, C, VD, AC, LD.

INT

INIT: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW,SW, SMW, AC, T, C, AIW, Constant, VD, AC, LD.

INT FOR

INDX, INIT,

FINAL

V d a vo INIT gi tr 1, FINAL gi tr l 10. Lnh s thc hin lp ng 10 ln, s ln lp c qun l trong t n INDX. Vt qa 10 ln lnh s kt thc v chng trnh tip tc thc hin cc lnh k tip.

FINAL: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW,SW, SMW, AC, T, C, AIW, Constant, VD, AC, LD.

INT

NEXT

Lnh kt thc vng lp.

none none

FOR EN ENO INDX INIT FINAL

NEXT


107

Hnh 55: V d v cch s dng lnh FOR...NEXT. 14. SIMATIC Shift and Rotate Register Instrutions: Lm vic vi thanh ghi c nhm lnh sau:

Lnh dch chuyn thanh ghi, trong ny cng c hai nhm: + Lnh dch chuyn thanh ghi 8 bit, 16 bit, 32 bit. + Lnh dch chuyn thanh ghi c di tu , c nh ngha trong lnh. Lnh quay vng thanh ghi, trong ny cng c hai nhm : + Lnh quay vng thanh ghi 8 bit, 16 bit, 32 bit. + Lnh quay vng thanh ghi c di tu , c nh ngha trong lnh.

Khi s dng lnh dch chuyn cc bit ca thanh ghi (Byte, Word, DWord) cn ch cc im sau y:

1. Khng thc hin vic dich chuyn nu s ln y bng 0. 2. Nu s ln y c gi tr ln hn 0, bit nh trn SM1.1 s c gi tr ca bit cui cng c y ra. 3. Nu s ln y ln hn hoc bng 8 i vi byte, 16 i vi Word, 32 i vi t kp th lnh s thc hin lnh y ln nht ch bng 8, 16, 32. 4. Lnh SLB (y cc bit ca byte sang tri), SLW (y cc bit ca Word sang tri) v SLD (y cc bit ca t kp sang tri) s chuyn gi tr 0 vo bit thp nht ca Byte, Word hoc DWord sau mi ln y. Sau lnh thc hin, bit SM1.1 s c gi tr logic ca bit th 8-N, 16-N hoc 32-N, trong N l s ln y. 5. Lnh SRB (y cc bit ca byte sang phi), SRW (y cc bit ca Word sang phi) v SRD (y cc bit ca t kp sang phi) s chuyn gi tr 0 vo bit thp nht ca Byte, Word hoc DWord sau mi ln y. Sau lnh thc hin, bit SM1.1 s c gi tr logic ca bit th N-1, trong N l s ln y. 6. Bit bo kt qu 0 (bit SM1.0) s c gi tr logic bng 1 nu nh sau khi thc hin lnh y ni dung ca Byte, Word, DWord bng 0.

Khi s dng lnh quay vng cc bit ca thanh ghi (Byte, Word, DWord) cn ch cc im sau y:

1. Lnh quay thc hinn php y vng trn sang tri hoc sang phi cc bit ca mt Byte, Word, DWord. Ti mi mt ln quay, gi tr ca cc bit b y ra mt u ca thanh ghi li c a vo u kia ca thanh ghi . 2. Khng thc hin vic quay vng nu s ln quay bng 0. Hay bng mt bi sca 8 (i vi byte), ca 16 (i vi word) v ca 32 (i vi DWord). 3. i vi cc gi tr ca s m ln quay ln hn 8 (i vi byte), ca 16 (i vi word) v ca 32 (i vi DWord) lnh s thc hin vi s m ln quay mi bng phn d ca ca php chia tng ng. 4. Khi thc hin lnh quay sang phi RRB (quay cc bit ca byte sang phi), RRW (quay cc bit ca Word sang phi) v RRD (quay cc bit ca t kp sang phi), ti mi ln quay gi tr ca bit thp nht c ghi vo bit bo trn


108

SM1.1.Sau khi lnh thc hin, bit SM1.1 s c gi tr logic ca bit th 8-N, 16-N hoc 32-N, trong N l s m ln quay. 5. Khi thc hin lnh quay sang tri RLB (quay cc bit ca byte sang tri), RLW (quay cc bit ca Word sang tri) v RLD (quay cc bit ca t kp sang tri), ti mi ln quay gi tr ca bit thp nht c ghi vo bit bo trn SM1.1.Sau khi lnh thc hin, bit SM1.1 s c gi tr logic ca bit th N-1, trong N l s m ln quay. 6. Bit bo kt qu 0 (bit SM1.0) s c gi tr logic bng 1 nu nh sau khi thc hin lnh quay ni dung ca Byte, Word, DWord bng 0.

Cc lnh dich chuyn hoc quay vng nh hng n kt qu ca cc bit c bit nh sau:

Lnh Kiu lnh SM1.0 (kt qu 0) SM1.1

(bo trn)

SM1.2 (kt qa

m)

SM1.3 (chia cho 0)

SRB khng du c c khng khng SLB khng du c c khng khng SRW khng du c c khng khng SLW khng du c c khng khng SRD khng du c c khng khng SLD khng du c c khng khng RRB khng du c c khng khng RLB khng du c c khng khng RRW khng du c c khng khng RLW khng du c c khng khng RRD khng du c c khng khng RLD khng du c c khng khng

SHRB khng du khng c khng khng Nhng iu sau y ch ng vi cc hm dch chuyn bit ca byte, t n v t kp:

+ Nu b m chuyn dch c gi tr ln hn 0 th bit nh trn SM1.1 c gi trlogic ca bit cui cng c y ra. + Bit bo kt qu 0 SM1.0 c gi tr logic 1 nu sau khi lnh c thc hin, byte, t hoc t kp c ni dung bng 0.

Nhng iu sau y ch ng vi cc hm dch chuyn bit ca byte, t n v t kp: + Nu b m chuyn dch khng pho l b s nguyn ca 8, 16, 32 i vi byte,

Word, DWordthif gi tr ca bit cui cng b y ra ngoi s c gn cho bit nh trn SM1.1.

+ Nu bit bo kt qu 0 c gi tr logic bng 1 th gi tr ca byte, t hay t kp bng 0.

STL LAD M t


Kiu dliu

Data Types


109

Shift Right Byte and Shift Left Byte

SRB OUT, N SLB OUT, N

Lnh dch phi hay lnh dch tri thc hin dch chuyn cc bit ca Byte u vo IN i N ln sang phi hay tri. kt qu c lu vo u ra OUT. Lnh shift in gi tr zero vo cc bit va b dch chuyn i, bit cui cng b dch chuyn ra s c a vo bit bo trn SM1.1. Bit bo kt qu 0 s c set ln 1 nu gi tr ca byte dch chuyn l 0.

IN: IB, QB, MB, SMB, VB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD. OUT: IB, QB, MB, SMB, VB, SB, LB, AC, VD, AC, LD. N: IB, QB, MB, SMB, VB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD.

Byte

Shift Right Word and Shift Left Word

SRW OUT, N

Lnh dch phi hay lnh dch tri thc hin dch chuyn cc bit ca Word u vo IN i N ln sang phi hay tri. kt qu c lu vo u ra OUT. Lnh shift in

IN: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW,SW, SMW, AIW ,AC, T, C, Constant, VD, AC, LD. OUT: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW,SW, SMW, AC, T, C, VD, AC,

Word

SHR_W EN ENO IN OUT N

SHR_B EN ENO IN OUT N

SHL_B EN ENO IN OUT N


110

SLW OUT, N

gi tr zero vo cc bit va bdch chuyn i, bit cui cng bdch chuyn ra sc a vo bit bo trn SM1.1. Bit bo kt qu 0 s c set ln 1 nu gi tr ca Word dch chuyn l 0.

AC, T, C, VD, AC, LD. N: IB, QB, MB, SMB, VB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD.

Byte


Kiu d liuData Types

Shift Right Double Word and Shift Left Double Word

SHL_W EN ENO IN OUT N


111

SRD OUT, N SLD OUT, N

Lnh dch phi hay lnh dch tri thc hin dch chuyn cc bit ca t kp u vo IN i N ln sang phi hay tri. kt qu c lu vo u ra OUT. Lnh shift in gi tr zero vo cc bit va b dch chuyn i, bit cui cng b dch chuyn ra s c a vo bit bo trn SM1.1. Bit bo kt qu 0 s c set ln 1 nu gi tr ca t kp dch chuyn l 0.

IN: VD, ID, QD, MD, LD, SD, HC, SMD, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD. OUT: VD, ID, QD, MD, LD, SD, SMD, AC, VD, AC, LD. N: IB, QB, MB, SMB, VB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD.

DWord Byte

Rotate Right Byte and Rotate Left Byte

SHR_DW EN ENO IN OUT N

SHL_DW EN ENO IN OUT N


112

RRB OUT, N RLB OUT, N

Lnh quay vng sang phi hay lnh quay vng sang tri thc hin dch chuyn cc bit ca byte u vo IN i N ln sang phi hay tri. kt qu c lu vo u ra OUT. Ti mi ln quay, gi tr ca bit cui cng (bit 0) c a vo bit SM1.1 ng thi a vo bit u tin (bit 7) ca byte nu l quay phi, cn ngc li i vi lnh quay tri. Bit bo kt qu 0 s c gi tr bng 1 nu gi tr trong byte bng 0.

IN: IB, QB, MB, SMB, VB, SB, LB, AC, VD, AC, LD. OUT: IB, QB, MB, SMB, VB, SB, LB, AC, VD, AC, LD. N: IB, QB, MB, SMB, VB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD.

Byte

Rotate Right Word and Rotate Left Word

RRW OUT, N RLW OUT, N

Lnh quay vng sang phi hay lnh quay vng sang tri thc hin dch chuyn cc bit ca t n u vo IN i N ln sang phi hay tri. kt qu c lu vo u ra OUT. Ti mi ln quay, gi tr ca bit cui cng (bit 0) c a vo bit SM1.1 ng thi a vo bit u tin (bit 7) ca byte nu l quay phi, cn ngc li i vi lnh quay tri. Bit bo kt qu 0 s c gi tr bng 1 nu gi tr trong tn bng 0.

IN: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW,SW, SMW, AIW ,AC, T, C, Constant, VD, AC, LD. OUT: IW, QW, VW, LW, MW,SW, SMW, AC, T, C, VD, AC, LD. N: IB, QB, MB, SMB, VB, SB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD.

Word Byte

Rotate Right Double Word and Rotate Left Double Word

ROR_B EN ENO IN OUT N

ROL_W EN ENO IN OUT N

ROL_W EN ENO IN OUT N

ROL_B EN ENO IN OUT N


113

RRD OUT, N RLD OUT, N

Lnh quay vng sang phi hay lnh quay vng sang tri thc hin dch chuyn cc bit ca t kp u vo IN i N ln sang phi hay tri. kt qu c lu vo u ra OUT. Ti mi ln quay, gi tr ca bit cui cng (bit 0) c a vo bit SM1.1 ng thi a vo bit u tin (bit 7) ca t kp nu l quay phi, cn ngc li i vi lnh quay tri. Bit bo kt qu 0 s c gi tr bng 1 nu gi tr trong t kp bng 0.

IN: VD, ID, QD, MD, LD, HC, SMD, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD. OUT: VD, ID, QD, MD, LD, SMD, AC, VD, AC, LD. N: IB, QB, MB, SMB, VB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD.

DWord Byte

ROL_DW EN ENO IN OUT N

ROL_DW EN ENO IN OUT N


114

Hnh 56: V d v cch s dng lnh dch chuyn v quay vng thanh ghi Lnh lm vic vi thanh ghi c di tu : Lnh thuc nhm ny cung cp mt phng php ni tip v iu khin dng sn phm hoc d liu. Thanh ghi c xc nh trong lnh bi ton hng S_BIT ch a chbit thp ca thanh ghi v di l gi tr tuyt i ca ton hng N trong lnh (ngha l thanh ghi c di |N| bit). D liu c chuyn vo trong thanh ghi c tn l DATA (DATA = Bool), mt ln trong mt vng qut. S_BIT l bit thp nht ca thanh ghi, nu gi cao nht trong thanh ghi l MSB.b th MSB.b s c tnh theo cng thc sau: MSB.b = [(byte ca S_BIT) + phn nguyn ca(|N| - 1 + bit ca S_BIT)/8].[phn cn tha ca php chia 8] L do tr i 1 bi v S-BIT chim mt 1 bit ca thanh ghi. V d S_BIT l V33.4 v N = 14 th MSB.b s l: MSB.b = [(33) + (|14| - 1 + 4)/8].remainder of the division by 8 = (33 + 2).remainder of the division by 8 = 35.1 MSB.b l : V35.1 Chiu thc hin php dch chuyn ph thuc vo du ca ton hng N trong lnh. Min gi tr cho php ca ton hng N l: -64 N 64.


115

Nu N dng th php dch chuyn l php dch tri, gi tr ca DATA c chuyn vo bit thp nht, gi tr logic trong bit cao nht b y ra ngoi (vo bit bo trn SM1.1). Ngc li N l m th php dch chuyn l php dch phi, gi tr ca DATA c chuyn vo bit cao nht, gi tr logic trong bit thp nht b y ra ngoi (vo bit bo trn SM1.1). SHRB Lnh dch chuyn cc bit ca thanh ghi mt v tr trong mt vng qut. Thanh ghi c xo trong lnh bng cc ton hng S_BIT ch a ch bit thp trong thanh ghi v |N| ch di thanh ghi. Gi tr logic ca bit b y ra khi thanh ghi c ghi vo bit bo trn SM1.1.

STL LAD Ton hng Operands Kiu d liu Data Types

Shift Register Bit

SHRB DATA, S_BIT, N

DATA, S_BIT: I, Q, V, M, SM, T, C, S, L. N: IB, QB, MB, SMB, VB, LB, AC, Constant, VD, AC, LD.

Bool Byte

Hnh 57: M t hng dch chuyn ca thanh ghi vi ton hng m v dng.

ROL_DW EN ENO S_BIT OUTDATA N


116

Hnh 58: V d v cch s dng lnh dch chuyn thanh ghi c di bt k. 15. SIMATIC Interupt and Comunication Instrutions: Cc ch ngt v x l ngt cho php thc hin cc qu trnh tc cao, phn ng kp thi vi cc s kin bn trong v bn ngoi. Nguyn tc c bn ca mt ch ngt cng ging nh thc hin vic gi mt chng trnh con, ch khc nhau y l chng trnh con c gi ch ng bng lnh gi chng trnh con CALL, cn chng trnh x l ngt c gi b ng bng tn hiu bo ngt. Khi c mt tn hiu bo ngt, h thng s t chc thc hin gi v thc hin chng trnh con tng ng vi tn hiu ngt , hay ni cch khc l h thng s t chc x l tn hiu bo ngt . Chng trnh con ny c gi l chng trnh x l ngt. Do vic gi chng trnh x l ngt bng mt tn hiu bo ngt m thi im xut hin tn hiu bo ngt hon ton b ng, bi vy h thng s phi h tr thm cho cng vic x l ngt nh: ct gi ni dung ngn xp, ni dung thanh ghi AC v cc bit nh c bit; t chc xp hng u tin cho cc tn hiu x l ngt trong trng hp chng cha kp thi x l.


117

Bng lit k cc tn hiu bo ngt tng ng vi tng loi CPU 21x: Kiu ngt M t tn hiu ngt

CPU 212

CPU 214

CPU 215_2DP

CPU 216

0 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.0 Y Y Y Y 1 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.0 Y Y Y Y 2 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.1 Y Y Y 3 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.1 Y Y Y 4 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.2 Y Y Y 5 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.2 Y Y Y 6 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.3 Y Y Y 7 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.3 Y Y Y 8 Ngt nhn k t Port 0 Y Y Y Y

9 Ngt bo vic truyn d liu hon tt Port 0 Y Y Y Y

10 Ngt thi gian 0 Y Y Y Y 11 Ngt thi gian 1 Y Y Y

12 Ngt theo HSC0, khi gi tr tc thi bng gi tr t trc. Y Y Y Y 13 Ngt theo HSC1, khi gi tr tc thi bng gi tr t trc. Y Y Y Y 14 Ngt theo HSC1, khi c tn hiu bo i hng m t bn ngoi. Y Y Y

15 Ngt theo HSC1, khi c tn hiu Reset t

ngoi Y Y Y

16 Ngt theo HSC2, khi gi tr tc thi bng gi tr t trc. Y Y Y 17 Ngt theo HSC2, khi c tn hiu bo i

hng m t bn ngoi. Y Y Y

18 Ngt theo HSC2, khi c tn hiu Reset t ngoi Y Y Y

19 PLS0 Ngt bo hon tt vic m xung Y Y Y 20 PLS1 Ngt bo hon tt vic m xung Y Y Y

21 Ngt theo b nh thi T32, khi gi tc thi CT=PT. Y Y

22 Ngt theo b nh thi T96, khi gi tc

thi CT=PT. Y Y

23 Ngt bo hon tt vic nhn 1 gi tin Port 0 Y Y

24 Ngt bo hon tt vic nhn 1 gi tin Port 1 Y

25 Ngt nhn k t Port 1 Y 26 Ngt bo vic truyn d liu hon Y


118

tt Port 1 Nu khai bo kiu ngt 12 (HSC0, PV=CV) th hai ku ngt 0 v 1 b v hiu ho.

Ngc li, nu s dng kiu ngt 0 v 1 th kiu ngt 12 b v hiu ho. Bng lit k cc tn hiu bo ngt tng ng vi tng loi CPU 22x: Kiu

ngt M t tn hiu ngt CPU 221

CPU 222

CPU 214,

224XP

CPU 226,

226XM0 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.0 Y Y Y Y 1 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.0 Y Y Y Y 2 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.1 Y Y Y Y 3 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.1 Y Y Y Y 4 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.2 Y Y Y Y 5 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.2 Y Y Y Y 6 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.3 Y Y Y Y 7 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.3 Y Y Y Y 8 Ngt nhn k t Port 0 Y Y Y Y

9 Ngt bo vic truyn d liu hon tt Port 0 Y Y Y Y

10 Ngt thi gian 0, SNB34 Y Y Y Y 11 Ngt thi gian 1, SMB35 Y Y Y Y

12 Ngt theo HSC0, khi gi tr tc thi bng gi tr t trc CV=PV. Y Y Y Y

13 Ngt theo HSC1, khi gi tr tc thi bng gi tr t trc CV=PV. Y Y

14 Ngt theo HSC1, khi c tn hiu bo i hng

m t bn ngoi. Y Y

15 Ngt theo HSC1, khi c tn hiu Reset t ngoi Y Y

16 Ngt theo HSC2, khi gi tr tc thi bng gi tr t trc CV=PV. Y Y

17 Ngt theo HSC2, khi c tn hiu bo i hng

m t bn ngoi. Y Y

18 Ngt theo HSC2, khi c tn hiu Reset t ngoi Y Y 19 PLS0 Ngt bo hon tt vic m xung Y Y Y Y 20 PLS1 Ngt bo hon tt vic m xung Y Y Y Y

21 Ngt theo b nh thi T32, khi gi tc thi CT=PT. Y Y Y Y

22 Ngt theo b nh thi T96, khi gi tc thi CT=PT. Y Y Y Y

23 Ngt bo hon tt vic nhn 1 gi tin Port 0 Y Y Y Y 24 Ngt bo hon tt vic nhn 1 gi tin Port 1 Y


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25 Ngt nhn k t Port 1 Y

26 Ngt bo vic truyn d liu hon tt Port 1 Y

27 Ngt theo HSC0, khi c tn hiu bo i hng m t bn ngoi. Y Y Y Y

28 Ngt theo HSC0, khi c tn hiu Reset t ngoi Y Y Y Y


30 Ngt theo HSC4, khi c tn hiu bo i hng m t bn ngoi. Y Y Y Y

31 Ngt theo HSC4, khi c tn hiu Reset t ngoi Y Y Y Y



Th t u tin (priority) v hng i (Queuing) ca cc kiu ngt: Th t u tin ca cc kiu ngt khc nhau c cng ho t trc theo nguyn tc tn hiu no c trc th x l trc. Nu cng mt lc c nhiu tn hiu bo ngt th h thng s sp hng i theo th t u tin sau: Nhm ngt truyn thng (ni tip). Nhm ngt vo ra(k c ngt cho b m HSC v ngt truyn xung). Nhm cc tn hiu bo ngt thi gian. Ti mi thi im ch c 1 chng trnh x l ngt c thc hin. Cng ni thm rng, nhm ngt truyn thng c v tr u tin cao nht v ngt thi gian c v tr u tin thp nht nhng khi h thng ang x l ngt thi gian m c tn hiu bo nht thi gian th h thng vn tip tc x l n khi kt thc mpi tip tc x l ngt truyn thng. Bng hng i ln nht m tng CPU c th c:

Nhm u tin 212 214 215 216 221 222 224 226Ngt truyn thng 4 4 4 8 4 4 4 8

Ngt vo ra 4 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 Ngt thi gian 2 4 8 8 8 8 8 8

Ring i vi tn hiu bo ngt truyn thng, mc d cha c x l, nhng k tnhn c cng bit kim tra chn l vn c ghi nh li trong b m km theo ng th t ca tn hiubo ngt. Khi hng i y th bit bo trn tng ng cho tng nhm ngt s set ln 1:

Nhm u tin Bit bo trn Ngt truyn thng SM4.0

Ngt vo ra SM4.1 Ngt thi gian SM4.2

bit Start 7 hoc 8 bit ca k t Parity Stop


120

Cng vi vic chuyn vo ch RUN ca PLC, tt c cc ch ngt trc khai bo trc s t ng hu (v hiu ho). N c kch li bng lnh ENI (kch ngt ton cc).

Khai bo mt ch ngt phi thc hin hai vic: 1. Kch tn hiu bo ngt cho ch ngt tng ng (bng cch khai bo t ton hng EVENT) bng lnh ATCH. 2. Sau son tho ni dung ca chng trnh ngt trong khi INT_x.

C th gp nhiu tn hiu bo ngt vo cng mt chng trnh (chnh hoc con) nhng mt tn hiu bo ngt ch c duy nht mt chng trnh x l ngt. Khi hu tn hiu ngt bng lnh DISI th cc ngt vn tip tc nm vo hng i cho n khi chng c kch kli bng lnh ENI.



Attach Interupt

ATCH INT, EVENT

Lnh khai bo ngt m hiu INT (khi ngt), Kiu ngt EVENT

INT: 0 127 EVENT: xem bng lit k cc tn hiu bo ngt tng ng vi tng loi CPU

Byte

Detach Interupt

DTCH EVENT

Lnh hu ngt cc b tng ng vi kiu ngt EVENT.

EVENT: xem bng lit k cc tn hiu bo ngt tng ng vi tng loi CPU

Byte

Enable Interupt

ENI

Lnh kch ngt ton cc. none none

Disable Interupt

DISI

Lnh hu tt c cc ngt cng mt lc.

none none

Conditional Return from Interupt

CRETI

Lnh thot tc thi khi chng trnh

none none

ATCH EN INT EVENT

DTCH EN EVENT

ENI

DISI

CRETI


121

ngt khi chng trnh ngt cha kt thc.

Return from Interupt

RETI

Lnh kt thc chng trnh xl ngt, cui chng trnh.

none none

Chng trnh x l ngt:

Cng nh chng trnh con, mi chng trnh x l ngt c mt nhn ring c nh du ti im u ca chng trnh. Nhn ny wocj khsi bo bng lnh INT.

Tt c cc lnh nm gia nhn cu chng trnh x l ngt v lnh quay v khng iu kin RETI ca chng trnh x l ngt u thuc v ni dung ca chng trnh x l ngt. C th kt thc chng trnh x l ngt sm hn bng lnh CRETI, nhng lnh RETI vn l lnh kt thc ca chng trnh x l ngt. Nhng lnh ny khng khng cn khai bo v chng trnh STEP t ng khai bo ging nh lnh MEND (kt thc chng trnh chnh), lnh RET (lnh kt thc chng trnh con).

Chng trnh x l ngt cn phi c vit ti u, cng nhanh cng tt, khng nn thc hin chng trnh x l ngt qu lu.

Khng c s dng cc lnh sau trong CTXLN: DISI, ENI, CALL, HDEF, FOR...NEXT, END.

RETI


122

Hnh 59: V d v cch t chc mt chng trnh x l ngt. Ngt tryn thngni tip: Cng truyn thng ni tip ca PLC c th iu khn bng chng trnh vit trong LAD, STL. Chng trnh iu khin ny gi l u khin cng t do (Freeport Control). Trc khi thc hin qu trnh truyn thng, cc vn sau y cn phi c thc hin: Kiu bin bn truyn/nhn (giao thc truyn_Protocol). Tc truyn/nhn tn hiu. S bit c truyn cho 1 k t (7 or 8 bit). Ch kim tra li (cho k t nhn) chn l Parity. Tt c cc vn ny wocj nh ngha trong byte c bit SMB30 sau:

Hnh 60: M t byte nh ngha vic truyn thng ni tip.

! Khi truyn thng ch Freeport th PLC khng lm vic vi my lp trnh PG. Byte SMB2 lm b m ghi nh k t nhn c Bit SM3.0 dng kim tra li chn l k t nhn c, nu c li chn l

c pht hin th SM3.0 set ln 1. S dng thng bo vic truyn thng hon tt.

Cc vn v gi/nhn message c m t nh sau:

gi d liu

Trm B chng trnh x l ngt EVENT 8

SMB2 Bufer Recive

SM3.0 Parity test

Port RS485

Vng mong

mun

Trm A


123

Hnh 61: M t cch nhn message ca PLC.

Documents

lap trinh PLC voi Ladder