REPORT TEXTCepiana Abas, S.Pd. M.Pd.19810730 201101 1 002

Tujuan Komunikatif

Menyampaikan informasi tentang sesuatu, apa adanya, sebagai hasil

pengamatan sistematis atau analisis. Yang dideskripsikan dapat

meliputi gajala alam, lingkungan, benda buatan manusia, atau

gejala-gejala sosial. Deskripsi sebuah teks report dapat berupa

simpulan umum misalnya tentang rumah sederhana dengan

mendekripsikan ciri-ciri subyek tersebut sehingga layak

dikategorikan rumah sederhana, dsb.

Pernyataan umum yang menerangkan subjek laporan, keterangan, dan klasifikasinya. (General Classification)

Deskripsi (Description)

Characteristic of “Report Text”

Structure of Text

General nouns, seperti ‘Reptiles in Comodo Insland’. Relating verbs untuk menjelaskan ciri, misalnya : Reptiles are

scaly animals (ciri ini berlaku untuk semua reptilia). Action verbs dalam mejelaskan perilaku, misalnya : Lizards

cannot fly. Present tense untuk menyatakan suatu yang umum, misalnya

Komodo dragons usually weight more than 160 kg. Istilah teknis, misalnya Water contains oxygen and hydrogen. Paragraf dengan topik sentence untuk menyusun sejumlah

informasi.

Language Feature

To presents information about something, as it is.

Purpose of Text

Generic Structure

Doctor is a popular job. It takes a great responsibility to work as a doctor. Minor mistakes made by a doctor can bring the lost of a patient.

General Classification

Doctor

There are a lot of jobs that doctors must do. They are expected to evaluate symptoms and run a test to determine what is wrong with a patient. If a doctor does not know off handedly what the diagnosis should be, it is his or her responsibility to do the necessary research.

Description

Notes are kept on each patient to ensure that any medical professional can walk into a room and know what has been done in the past. It is also a way to track the patients' progress during recovery.

Description

Writing prescriptions is a major part of doctor's jobs. They must know how much medicine to prescribe based on the patient's history; they also need to know how two drugs can interact with one another.

Description

A doctor needs to know not only how to treat the current conditions, but also how to advise the patient on how to prevent another occurrence.

Description

CARA MEMBEDAKAN “DESCRIPTIVE & REPORT”Descriptive

Text Menggambarkan atau menceritakan

sesuatu secara khusus. Misalnya: menyebutkan nama orang di awal teks seperti Sherina, My Lovely Cat, Sydney Opera House, Borobudur dan lain sebagainya. Bagian ini disebut Identification.

Pada paragraf selanjutnya dijelaskan gambaran tentang sesuatu tersebut. Misalnya ciri-ciri, bentuk, dan kemampuan atau kualitasnya. Bagian ini disebut Description. 

Report Text Menggambarkan atau menceritakan

sesuatu secara umum. Misalnya: menyebutkan binatang atau tumbuhan. Jika suatu teks diawali dengan kata Cats are mammals maka teks ini adalah teks report. Bagian ini disebut General Classification.

Pada paragraf selanjutnya dijelaskan ciri-ciri, bentuk dan kemampuan atau kualitasnya. Bagian ini disebut description.

Ada sebagian teks report yang diawali dengan kalimat khusus misalnya perayaan keagamaan atau budaya suatu daerah. Teks ini termasuk Report Text karena teks ini bertujuan menggambarkan suatu kejadian yang dilakukan oleh khalayak umum.

Example 1

Orangutans or Pongo pygmaeus belong to the Primate order. The orangutan spends most of its time in trees. Each evening it builds a new treetop nest. They are endangered because of habitat lost and poachers keep on killing, owning, and exporting orangutans.

They only live on the island of Borneo and in the northern corner of the island of Sumatra.

Orangutans are characterized by rough, long, reddish-brown fur. Male orangutans are about 95 cm (37 in) in length and about 77 kg (170 lb) in weight. Females are smaller, reaching about 78 cm (31 in) in height and weighing only about 37 kg (81 lb). The male has puffy cheeks and a hanging throat-pouch. This pouch contains air sacks that help produce a groaning, bubbling call, which can be heard at least 1 km (0.6 mi) away.

Half of the orangutan’s diet consists of fruit, but they also eat young leaves, soft inner bark, termites, eggs, and occasionally monkeys.

When a female is ready to mate, she will seek out an adult male. Orangutan are mammals; females give birth to a single infant about once every four to eight years. The gestational period for orangutans is just under nine months, nearly the same as in human beings. Infants stay very close to their mothers for the first three years until they don’t consume their mother’s milk.

Example 2

Komodo Dragons

Komodo dragons are the native animals of Indonesia. They are very big. People sometimes call them giant lizards. They are very dangerous. They eat deers, wild pigs and other komodo dragons.

Komodo Dragons are reptiles. They have cold blood and they lay eggs. Komodo Dragons can't run, but they can climb a tree. They can live without eating for weeks or even months. 

Example 3

Layang-layang or a kite is a very popular past time toy in Indonesia. Many people like to play it. There are two distinct types of kites. The first are those which have tails attached to them to balance the kite; and those that will be used for one-on-one dogfights among kite flyers.

Kites for dogfights are popular among boys. They do not have tails attached to them. They are made from light bamboo and waxed paper. The string is the most important part in kites for dogfighting. It must be sharp so it can cut other strings easily. To make such kind of string is not easy. It must be coated with crushed glass. The string is dipped in a solution of crushed glass, which has been boiled with glue, chemicals and dye. The mixture acts as an adherent so the tiny particles of glass will cling to the string. The string is strung out on a small rack to let it dry. This string is used for dogfights.

Example 4

Gardenia Plants Gardenia plants are popular for the strong sweet

scent of their flowers. Gardenia is the national flower in Pakistan. In Japan and China, the flower is called Kuchinashi (Japanese) and Zhi zi (Chinese).

Gardenia plants are evergreen shrubs. Their small trees can grow to 1 – 5 meters tall. The leaves are 5 – 50 centimeters long and 3 – 25 centimeters broad, dark green and glossy with a leathery texture. The flowers are in small groups, white, or pale yellow, with 5 – 12 lobes (petals) from 5 – 12 centimeters diameter. They usually bloom in mid-spring to mid-summer. Many species have strong aroma.

To cultivate gardenia as a house plant is not easy. This species can be difficult to grow because it originated in warm humid tropical areas. It demands high humidity and bright (not direct) light to thrive. It flourishes in acidic soil with good drainage and thrives on 20° – 23° C during the day and 15° - 16° in the evening. Potting soils developed specifically for gardenias are available. It grows no larger than 18 inches in height and width when grown indoor. In climates where it can be grown outdoors, it can reach the height of 6 feet. If water hits the flowers, they will turn brown. 

Example 5

Platypus Platypus Many people call platypus duckbill because

this animal has a bill like a duck's bill. Platypus is an indigenous of Tasmania and southern and eastern Australia. Although it lays eggs instead of bearing its young alive, the platypus is a true mammal, not a reptile. It nurses its young with milk as do other mammals.

Platypus has a flat tail and webbed feet. Its body length is 30 to 45 cm covered with a thick and woolly layer of fur. Its bill is detecting prey and stirring up mud. Platypus' eyes and head are small. It has no ears but has ability to sense sound and light.

The male platypus has a hollow claw, or spur, on each hind leg. The spurs are connected with poison glands. The platypus legs scratches and poisons its enemies with the spurs.

Platypus lives in steams, rivers, and lakes. Female platypus usually digs burrows in the streams or river banks. The burrows are blocked with soil to protect it from intruders and flooding. On the other hand, male platypus does not need any burrow to stay.

Example 6

Igloos Igloos or snow houses are shelters constructed from blocks of

snow, generally in the form of a dome. Although igloos are usually associated with all Inuit, they were predominantly constructed by people of Canada's Central Arctic and Greenland's Thule area. Inuit people tended to use snow to insulate their house. The temperature outside may be as low as -45 Degree Celsius, but on the inside the temperature may range from -7 Degree Celsius to 16 Degree Celsius when warned by body heat alone.

There were three traditional types of igloos. The smallest one was constructed as a temporary shelter, usually used for one or two nights. These were built and used during hunting trips, often on open sea ice. Next in size was the semi permanent, intermediate-sized for family dwelling. This is a single room dwelling that housed one or two families. The largest of the igloos is normally built in groups of two. These might have had up to five rooms and housed up to 20 people. A large igloo might have been constructed from several igloos attached by tunnels, giving common access to the outside. These were used to hold community feast and traditional dances.

Example 7

Rhinoceroses are wild animals which live in the forest.

They have large heavy bodies. Their skins are very thick. They have horns on their noses. Their weight can be more than 2.250 kilograms for each.

Rhinoceroses eat grass. They have so good muscle structures that they can run and change directions very fast. They can sprint at 56 km an hour. Rhinoceros have been reported to enter campsites at night, they scatter smoldering logs of fire, and then peacefully walk away. Rhinoceroses don’t have very good eyesight for distance. The oxpeckers always accompany them. They give them warning system.

Rhinoceroses are hunted for their horns. They are used to make traditional medicine. The rhinos are listed as endangered on the Red List of Threatened species.

Example 8

Farming is the oldest occupation of the world and it is still the means of living for greatest percentage of the world’s population. Farming produces commodities that are converted into food and other products such as natural fibers, dairy products, and animals’ feed.

There are three types of farming. The first type is called subsistence farming which can be found in developing countries such as Indonesia, India, and Thailand. The small subsistence farm produces yields that are mostly used for family consumption. Farmers have small pieces of land cultivate and labour is done by members of the family and, sometimes, neighbours, or friends. They use a portion of their products for their own food, a small portion for labour, and the rest for their other daily needs. This type of farming runs very well because it satisfies the needs of the farmers and their families. Although most farmers stay at the subsistence level, some farmers eventually become rich, own good houses and furniture, and can send their children to the university.

The second type is called collective farming which can be found in countries like China, Russia, and Poland. By laws, a group of farmers is given the freedom to cultivate their land, choose their own leader, and decide on the management of their farming. In practice, however, the central authorities make the planning, decide on the crops to plant, set production targets, and control the prices of the products. Collective farming sometimes runs so well that farmers’ groups not only manage their farming but they also run other activities such as marketing, cooperatives, collective saving, and so on. Collective farming does not produce rich farmers, but the life and welfare of each of the families are insured.

The third type is called commercial farming which can be found in developed countries such as Canada, North America, and New Zealand. The basis of this type of farming is still family farming, but labour and management are conducted in such professional ways that are compatible with the modern commerce and industrialization of the community. In this type of farming, each farmer has a large area of land cultivated in a highly-mechanized process. Each farm highly commercialized and capitalized and the farmers produce mainly for the market. It is predicted that one person in the farm produces rich farmers. Many farmers’ families are some of the richest families in the  country and members of the family may become presidents or other high-ranked influential persons of the country.

QuizExit

REPORT TEXT QUIZCepiana Abas

19810730 201101 1 002

Cepiana Abas

Contents

P12 UN 2010/20111

Paket B P12 UN 2010/20112

P12 UN 2009/20103

P12 UN 2008/20094

P70 UN 2008/20094

P12 UN 2010/2011 T-1

An animal nursery is a kind of job. People who work as animal nursery workers work in zoos, kennel, animal shelters, and circuses. They are responsible for feeding, watering, cleaning, bathing and exercising animals. They care for animals’ health by disinfecting them and keeping their cage clean. They keep records of treatments that the animals have received from the veterinarian, an animal doctor.

Animal nursery workers have serious responsibilities and functions, they provide care for newborns and young animals, prepare their food, transport them to feeding areas, and deliver food and water to them. The food they prepare is different for each species of animals they care for. They fill nursing bottles which have been sterilized with the appropriate feeding animals and check for signs of disease or abnormality. They may perform physical exam on the young animals occasionally, taking their temperatures, pulse rate and blood pressure. They are also in charge of cleaning and preparing comfortable sleeping areas for animals, removing waste, cleaning and disinfecting them. They also make sure all cages and enclosure are safe.

Cepiana Abas

1. What is the text about?

The animals being cared by animal nursery workersA

The job description of animal nursery workersB

A dangerous job of animal nursery workersC

The work place of animal nursery workersD

P12 UN 2010/2011 T-1

An animal nursery is a kind of job. People who work as animal nursery workers work in zoos, kennel, animal shelters, and circuses. They are responsible for feeding, watering, cleaning, bathing and exercising animals. They care for animals’ health by disinfecting them and keeping their cage clean. They keep records of treatments that the animals have received from the veterinarian, an animal doctor.

Animal nursery workers have serious responsibilities and functions, they provide care for newborns and young animals, prepare their food, transport them to feeding areas, and deliver food and water to them. The food they prepare is different for each species of animals they care for. They fill nursing bottles which have been sterilized with the appropriate feeding animals and check for signs of disease or abnormality. They may perform physical exam on the young animals occasionally, taking their temperatures, pulse rate and blood pressure. They are also in charge of cleaning and preparing comfortable sleeping areas for animals, removing waste, cleaning and disinfecting them. They also make sure all cages and enclosure are safe.

Cepiana Abas

2. The food that animal nursery workers prepared depends on ….

the physical condition of the animalsA

the emotional condition of the animalsB

the species of the animalsC

the age of the animalsD

P12 UN 2010/2011 T-1

An animal nursery is a kind of job. People who work as animal nursery workers work in zoos, kennel, animal shelters, and circuses. They are responsible for feeding, watering, cleaning, bathing and exercising animals. They care for animals’ health by disinfecting them and keeping their cage clean. They keep records of treatments that the animals have received from the veterinarian, an animal doctor.

Animal nursery workers have serious responsibilities and functions, they provide care for newborns and young animals, prepare their food, transport them to feeding areas, and deliver food and water to them. The food they prepare is different for each species of animals they care for. They fill nursing bottles which have been sterilized with the appropriate feeding animals and check for signs of disease or abnormality. They may perform physical exam on the young animals occasionally, taking their temperatures, pulse rate and blood pressure. They are also in charge of cleaning and preparing comfortable sleeping areas for animals, removing waste, cleaning and disinfecting them. They also make sure all cages and enclosure are safe.

Cepiana Abas

3. “They keep records of treatments that the animals…” (paragraph 1)The underlined phrase is closest in meaning to ….

makeA

writeB

listenC

watchD

P12 UN 2010/2011 T-1

An animal nursery is a kind of job. People who work as animal nursery workers work in zoos, kennel, animal shelters, and circuses. They are responsible for feeding, watering, cleaning, bathing and exercising animals. They care for animals’ health by disinfecting them and keeping their cage clean. They keep records of treatments that the animals have received from the veterinarian, an animal doctor.

Animal nursery workers have serious responsibilities and functions, they provide care for newborns and young animals, prepare their food, transport them to feeding areas, and deliver food and water to them. The food they prepare is different for each species of animals they care for. They fill nursing bottles which have been sterilized with the appropriate feeding animals and check for signs of disease or abnormality. They may perform physical exam on the young animals occasionally, taking their temperatures, pulse rate and blood pressure. They are also in charge of cleaning and preparing comfortable sleeping areas for animals, removing waste, cleaning and disinfecting them. They also make sure all cages and enclosure are safe.

Cepiana Abas

4. What is the purpose of the writer to write the text above?

To entertain the readers with the animal nursery workers’ storyA

To explain the hobbies of the animal nursery workersB

To explain how to be an animal nursery workersC

To describe the job of the animal nursery workersD

P12 UN 2010/2011 T-1

An animal nursery is a kind of job. People who work as animal nursery workers work in zoos, kennel, animal shelters, and circuses. They are responsible for feeding, watering, cleaning, bathing and exercising animals. They care for animals’ health by disinfecting them and keeping their cage clean. They keep records of treatments that the animals have received from the veterinarian, an animal doctor.

Animal nursery workers have serious responsibilities and functions, they provide care for newborns and young animals, prepare their food, transport them to feeding areas, and deliver food and water to them. The food they prepare is different for each species of animals they care for. They fill nursing bottles which have been sterilized with the appropriate feeding animals and check for signs of disease or abnormality. They may perform physical exam on the young animals occasionally, taking their temperatures, pulse rate and blood pressure. They are also in charge of cleaning and preparing comfortable sleeping areas for animals, removing waste, cleaning and disinfecting them. They also make sure all cages and enclosure are safe.

Cepiana Abas

4. What is the purpose of the writer to write the text above?

To entertain the readers with the animal nursery workers’ storyA

To explain the hobbies of the animal nursery workersB

To explain how to be an animal nursery workersC

To describe the job of the animal nursery workersD

P12 UN 2010/2011 T-2The peach is known as a species of Prunus. It is a kind of edible juicy fruit. It is native to

China. The peach tree grows to 4-10 m tall. It is a deciduous tree so it will fall its leaves in certain seasons. It belongs to the subfamily Prunoideae of the family Rosaceae.

The leaves are 7-16 cm long and 2-3 cm broad. The flowers are produced in early spring before the leaves. They are solitary or paired with about 2,5- cm in diameter. The color of the flower is pink.

Peach fruit is very nice. Its aroma smells good. The color of the flesh is yellow or white. The skin of the peach is smooth or velvety. The flesh is soft and juicy. It is delicious. It is a little bit harder when it is unripe. Inside the flesh, three is a large single seed. The seed is oval in shape. Its color is red-brown. Its length is about 1.3-2 cm. a wood-like husk surrounds this seed.

Most people know peaches as ‘persicas’. It is related to the belief that peaches were native to Persia (now Iran). The modern botanical consensus is that they originate in China, and were introduce to Persia and the Mediterranean region along Silk Road before Christian times.

Cepiana Abas

5. Which part of the peach fruit contains water?

The fleshA

The huskB

The seedC

The skinD

P12 UN 2010/2011 T-2The peach is known as a species of Prunus. It is a kind of edible juicy fruit. It is native to

China. The peach tree grows to 4-10 m tall. It is a deciduous tree so it will fall its leaves in certain seasons. It belongs to the subfamily Prunoideae of the family Rosaceae.

The leaves are 7-16 cm long and 2-3 cm broad. The flowers are produced in early spring before the leaves. They are solitary or paired with about 2,5- cm in diameter. The color of the flower is pink.

Peach fruit is very nice. Its aroma smells good. The color of the flesh is yellow or white. The skin of the peach is smooth or velvety. The flesh is soft and juicy. It is delicious. It is a little bit harder when it is unripe. Inside the flesh, three is a large single seed. The seed is oval in shape. Its color is red-brown. Its length is about 1.3-2 cm. a wood-like husk surrounds this seed.

Most people know peaches as ‘persicas’. It is related to the belief that peaches were native to Persia (now Iran). The modern botanical consensus is that they originate in China, and were introduce to Persia and the Mediterranean region along Silk Road before Christian times.

Cepiana Abas

6. What is the purpose of the third paragraph?

To describe a peach treeA

To describe the peach fruitB

To describe the taste of peach fruitC

To describe the smell of a peach treeD

P12 UN 2010/2011 T-2The peach is known as a species of Prunus. It is a kind of edible juicy fruit. It is native to

China. The peach tree grows to 4-10 m tall. It is a deciduous tree so it will fall its leaves in certain seasons. It belongs to the subfamily Prunoideae of the family Rosaceae.

The leaves are 7-16 cm long and 2-3 cm broad. The flowers are produced in early spring before the leaves. They are solitary or paired with about 2,5- cm in diameter. The color of the flower is pink.

Peach fruit is very nice. Its aroma smells good. The color of the flesh is yellow or white. The skin of the peach is smooth or velvety. The flesh is soft and juicy. It is delicious. It is a little bit harder when it is unripe. Inside the flesh, three is a large single seed. The seed is oval in shape. Its color is red-brown. Its length is about 1.3-2 cm. a wood-like husk surrounds this seed.

Most people know peaches as ‘persicas’. It is related to the belief that peaches were native to Persia (now Iran). The modern botanical consensus is that they originate in China, and were introduce to Persia and the Mediterranean region along Silk Road before Christian times.

Cepiana Abas

7. From the text we know that ….

peaches come from PersiaA

peaches do not originate in PersiaB

China imported peaches from PersiaC

The modern botanical consensus decided the name of the fruitD

P12 UN 2010/2011 T-2The peach is known as a species of Prunus. It is a kind of edible juicy fruit. It is native to

China. The peach tree grows to 4-10 m tall. It is a deciduous tree so it will fall its leaves in certain seasons. It belongs to the subfamily Prunoideae of the family Rosaceae.

The leaves are 7-16 cm long and 2-3 cm broad. The flowers are produced in early spring before the leaves. They are solitary or paired with about 2,5- cm in diameter. The color of the flower is pink.

Peach fruit is very nice. Its aroma smells good. The color of the flesh is yellow or white. The skin of the peach is smooth or velvety. The flesh is soft and juicy. It is delicious. It is a little bit harder when it is unripe. Inside the flesh, three is a large single seed. The seed is oval in shape. Its color is red-brown. Its length is about 1.3-2 cm. a wood-like husk surrounds this seed.

Most people know peaches as ‘persicas’. It is related to the belief that peaches were native to Persia (now Iran). The modern botanical consensus is that they originate in China, and were introduce to Persia and the Mediterranean region along Silk Road before Christian times.

Cepiana Abas

8. “It is a little bit harder when it is unripe”. (Paragraph 3)The underlined word refers to … of the peaches.

fleshA

seedB

skinC

treeD

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