Ley 189-11 Desarrollo Mercado Hipotecario.pdf

8/22/2019 Ley 189-11 Desarrollo Mercado Hipotecario.pdf

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@rtbcufd 05') Udsbkbfbm m mj pjrsjcucb8g mj fds kbjgjs hbmjbcdibtbmds pdr dkfbn cbdgjsnjgjr m s pdr jf hbmjbcdibsd y jg c sds mj hrumj tjrcjrds' Fds kbjgjs quj bgtjnrg jfhbmjbcdibsd pdmrg sjr pjrsjnubmds& sjcujstrmds d jik rn mds& pdr m hbds& mjum s udkfbn cbdgjs njgjrm s cdg crnd f prdpbd hbmjbcdibsd& d jg qujffds c sds jg quj jfhbmjbcdibsd sj aukbjr cdgstbtubmd jg hrumj tjrcjrds y jg pjrlubcbd mj 0ds mjrjcads mjstds'Urr hd') Jg tdmd csd& p r pdmjr tr kr fnhi tbpd mj ijmbm cdgsjrvtdrb sj rjqujrbrutdrbzcbg prjvb mj ug lujz cdipjtjgtj'@rtbcufd 00') Mjhjgs mjf p trbidgbd hbmjbcdibtbmd' J0 d 0ds hbmucbrbds jstg dkfbnmds jljrcjr 0* ccbdgjs lumbcbfjs y jxtrlumbcbfjs jg mjhjgs mj0 ptrbidgbd hbmjbcdibtbmd& jgsu mjhjctd pujmj a cjrfd cu fqubjr mj 0ds hbmjbcdibtjgtjs d hbmjbcdibsrbds'Jg c sd mjquj cu fqubjr mj 0ds hbmucbrbds a y ajcad dpdsbcbg f mjhjgs & tgtd jf d 0dshbmjbcdibtjgtjs sb cdid jf d 0ds hbmjbcdibsrbds jstg hcuftmds p r sbstbrfjs jg fmjhjgs ' J0 d 0ds hbmucbrbds pdmrg mjfjn r jg cu fqubjr mj 0ds hbmjbcdibsrbds dhbmjbcdibtjgtjs 0s hcuftmjs gjcjsrbs p r quj jljrzg 0s ijmbms mj prdtjccbg mj0p trbidgbd hbmjbcdibtbmd& sbg qujm r pdr jffd fbkjrmds mj rjspdgskbfbm m'Urr hd)) Jg 0ds c sds jg quj sj aukbjrj mjcfrmd quj jf hbmjbcdibsd huj cdgstbtubmd jghrumj tjrcjrds y jg pjrlubcbd mj 0ds mjrjcads mj stds& jf hbmucbrbd qujmr jxdgjrmd mjrjspdgskbfbm m fnug y mbspdgmr mj ug ccbg bgmjigbz tdrb p r rjs rcbr 0dspjrlubcbds rjcbkbmds cdid cdgsjcujgcb mj f ctucbg mj0 d mj 0ds hbmjbcdibtjgtjs& sfvdjf csd jg quj sj prujkj quj stj tjgb cdgdcbibjgtd mj 0s ccbdgjs y jf dkljtbvdpjrsjnubmd pdr jf d 0ds hbmjbcdibtjgtjs y skbjgm s mj jffd cjpt jf hbmjbcdibsd'@rtbcufd 0;') Bgstruijgtd quj crj jf hbmjbcdibsd' J0 hbmjbcdibsd pujmj sjr cdgstbtubmdpdr ctd utgtbcd bgstruijgtmd pdr gtj ug gdtrbd phfkfbcd d ctd kld hbri prbvm&rjqubrbgmdsj jg jstj hfftbid c sd quj 0s hbri s sjg fjn fbz m s pdr gdtrbd phfkfbcd'Sjrg gufds y c rjcjrg mj jhjctds 0ds hbmjbcdibsds vjrk fjs d qujffds quj sj jstkfjcbjrjgsbg 0s hdri fbm mjs mjscrbts jg f prjsjgtj fjy'@rtbcufd 03') Cdgtjgbmd mjf ctd quj crj jf hbmjbcdibsd' J0 ctd quj crj jf hbmjbcdibsdmjkj cdgtjgjr& pjg mj gufbm m& 0ds jfjijgtds sbnubjgtjs)

@rtbcufd 0>') [nbijg mj pukfbcbm m rjnbstrf mjf hbmjbcdibsd' J0 ctd cdgstbtutbvd mj0hbmjbcdibsd y sus idmbhbccbdgjs& bgcfuyjgmd jf ctd utgtbcd suscrbtd p r hbgjs mj0hbmjbcdibsd mj pfgbhbc cbg sucjsdrf& mjkjrg sjr rjnbstrmds jg 0s dhbcbg s mj [jnbstrdIjrc gtbf mj 0s Ci rs mj Cdijrcbd y Urdmuccbg cdg)jspdgmbjgtjs 0ds mdibcbfbds mj0d mj 0ds hbmucbrbds' F jxtbgcbg mj0 hbmjbcdibsd& bgmjpjgmbjgtjijgtj mj f c us quj fddrbnbgj& mjkjr sjr gdtbhbc m pdr jscrbtd 0* dhbcbg s mj [jnbstrd Ijrc gtbf mj 0*Ci rs mj Cdijrcbd y Urdmuccbg mj 0ds mdibcbfbds mj0 d mj 0ds hbmucbrbds' Fd gtjrbdrsbg pjrlubcbd mj f bgscrbpcbg& rjnbstrd d cufqubjr dtr hdri fbmm quj& mj cujrmd cdg fcfsj mj ctd d cdg f gturfjz mj 0ds kbjgjs mj quj sj trtj& mjk a cjrsj cdghdrij ffjy'@rtbcufd 01') Jhjctds mj f pukfbcbm m rjnbstr f' J0 hbmjbcdibsd surtbr jhjctds cdgrjspjctd tjrcjrds mjsmj f hjca jg quj jf ibsid a y sbmd bgscrbtd jg 0ds rjnbstrdsphfkfbcds cdg)jspdgmbjgtjs& mj cdghdribmm cdg fd prjvbstd jg f prjsjgtj 0jy y cu fqubjrdtrd rjnbstrd d hdri fbmm quj fjnfijgtj cdrrjspdgm '@rtbcufd 02') ]r sp sd mj ctbvds hvdr mjf hbmjbcdibsd' Js dkfbncbg mj c mhbmjbcdibtjgtj d mj sus c us a kbjgtjs& bgtjnrr jg jf p trbidgbd mj0 hbmjbcdibsd 0ds kbjgjsy mjrjcads sjhbfmds jg jf ctd cdgstbtutbvd& jg jf tbjipd y jf fun r jstbpufmds& mjkbjgmdcdfkdrr y a cjr jgtrjn mj tdm mdcuijgtcbg gjcjsrb p r pjrhjccbdg r jf trsp sd mj0ds ibsids f d 0ds hbmucbrbds'J0 trsp sd mj mjrjcads rjnbstrkfjs sj pjrhjccbdg fujndmj f bgscrbpcbg mj0 cikbd mj tbtufr jg jf rjnbstrd cdg)jspdgmbjgtj'F trgsibsbg mj 0dsmjis kbjgjs sj pjrhjccbdg r cdg f trmbcbg d jgtrjnd jf jgmdsd d f gdtbhbccbg fmjumdr cjmbmd& sjnhi cdrrjspdgm '@rtbcufd ;5') Dkfbn cbdgjs cdg crnd f hbmjbcdibsd' J0 d 0ds hbmucbrbds mjkjg bgmbc rjxprjs ijgtj cugmd cthfjg cujgt mj0 hbmjbcdibsd& jg cuyd csd gd rjspdgmjrg cdgsus kbjgjs pjrsdg fjs' Fds kbjgjs trgshjrbmds f p trbidgbd hbmjbcdibtbmd& rjsp fm g tdm s0s dkfbn cbdgjs cdgtrbm s pdr jf d 0ds hbmucbrbds cdg crnd f hbmjbcdibsd& p r jfcuipfbibjgtd mj 0s hbg fbm mjs jstkfjcbm s pdr jf d 0ds hbmjbcdibtjgtjs y pdmrg& jgcdgsjcujgcb& sjr jikrnmds y dkljtd mj ijmbms cdgsjrvtdrbs pdr prtj mj 0dscrjjmdrjs mj0 hbmjbcdibsd'Urr hd)) Jg tdmd csd& p r pdmjr tr kr fnhi tbpd mj ijmbm cdgsjrvtdrb sj rjqujrbrutdrbzcbg prjvb mj ug lujz cdipjtjgtj& sjnhi fd jstkfjcbmd jg jf prrhd mj0 @rtbcufd05 mj jst fjy'

SJCCBDG 00MJF HBMJBCDI B]JG]J@rtbcufd ;0') Cdgcjptd mj hbmjbcdibtjgtj' Sj jgtjgmjr cdid hbmjbcdibtjgtj& f pjrsdghbsbc d lurbmbc quj trgshbjrj mjrjcads mj prdpbjmm u dtrds mjrjcads rjfjs d pjrsdg fjsf d 0ds hbmucbrbds& p r f cdgstbtucbg mj ugd d v rbds hbmjbcdibsds'


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p trbidgbd hbmjbcdibtbmd& sbjiprj quj sts sjg jljrcbms p r jf cuipfbibjgtd mj0 hbg dhbgjs mj0 hbmjbcdibsd& y cdg dksjrv gcb mj 0* fbibtcbdgjs quj sj aukbjrjg jstkfjcbmd jgjf ctd cdgstbtutbvd' J0 mdibgbd hbmucbrbd sj jljrcj prtbr mj f trgshjrjgcb mj 0ds kbjgjsdkljtd mj0 hbmjbcdibsd& sfvd mbspdsbcbg cdgtrrb jstkfjcbm jg jf ctd cdgstbtutbvd& ya st jf tribgd mj0 hbmjbcdibsd'Urr hd)) J0 d 0ds hbmucbrbds sfd pdmrg mbspdgjr mj 0ds kbjgjs hbmjbcdibtbmds cdg rrjnfd 0* jstbpufcbdgjs cdgtjgbms jg jf ctd cdgstbtutbvd'Fds ctds mj mbspdsbcbg quj sjsuscrbk g jg cdgtrvjgcbg mj fd p ctmd d jxcjmbjgmd sus hcuftmjs& sdg gufkfjs jbgdpdgbkfjs f d 0ds hbmjbcdibtjgtjs y f d 0ds hbmjbcdibsrbds'F ccbg jg gufbm m mjmbcad ctd mj mbspdsbcbg pujmj sjr bgtjrpujst pdr cu fqubjr mj 0ds hbmjbcdibsrbds& jf d0ds hbmjbcdibtjgtjs y pdr dtrd mj 0ds hbmucbrbds jg csd mj pfurfbm m mj 0ds ibsids' Mbcaccbg mjkjr sjr jljrcbm mjgtrd mj0 pfzd mj mds !;" hbds& cdgtmds prtbr mj0 idijgtdquj sj tjgn jf cdgdcbibjgtd mj0 ctd gufkfj'@rtbcufd ;1') Mjrjcads mjf hbmucbrbd' Sdg mjrjcads mj 0ds hbmucbrbds)

m" Cugmd gd ccjm jgtrjnr jf bgvjgtrbd mj 0ds kbjgjs dkljtd mj0 hbmjbcdibsd& d sb sjgjn rj rjgmbr cujgts f d 0ds hbmjbcdibtjgtjs d hbmjbcdibsrbds cu gmdcdrrjspdgm'Udr bga kbfbm m prdgugcbm pdr utdrbm m cdipjtjgtj d prmbm mj fnug mj 0scdgmbcbdgjs jxbnbms p r jf jljrcbcbd mj sus hugcbdgjs'

h" Udr mbsdfucbg& qubjkr& fbqubm cbg hdrzds& d cu fqubjr dtrd prdcjmbibjgtdjqubvfjgtj'Urrhd B') Jg jf cursd mj0 prdcjsd& pjtbcbg mj0 d 0ds sdfbcbtgtjs d& mj dhbcbd& jf lujzpdmr suspjgmjr 0s hugcbdgjs mj0 d mj 0ds hbmucbrbds y mjcbmbr jf gdikribjgtd mj ughbmucbrbd prdvbsbdg f quj fd sustbtuy a st tgtd sj hffmd mjhbgbtbv ijgtj jf c sd' J0hbmucbrbd prdvbsbdg f pdmrb sjr cdghbri md jg sus hugcbdgjs cdgcfubmd jf prdcjsd& dsustbtubmd pdr dtrd hbmucbrbd mj cdghdribm m cdg 0s rjnfs mj sustbtucbg cdgtjgbm s jg jfprjsjgtj c pbtufd'Urr hd 00') Fds hbmucbrbds pdmrg sjr rjidvbmds pdr jf d 0ds hbmjbcdibtjgtjs& sbggjcjsbmm mj cumbr f Luzn md mj Urbijr fgstgcb& cu gmd stds sj aukbjrg rjsjrvmdmbca hcuftm jg jf ctd cdgstbtutbvd'@rtbcufd 3>') [jgugcb lumbcbf mjf hbmucbrbd' Sbg pjrlubcbd mj 0* hcuftmjs mj rjgugcbquj pujmg sjr jstkfjcbms jg jf ctd cdgstbtutbvd mj0 hbmjbcdibsd& 0ds hbmucbrbds sfdpdmrg rjgugcbr pdr 0s cuss sbnubjgtjs') Hbmjbcdibsd bgvjrsb8g' Js f idm fbmm mj hbmjbcdibsd cjfjkrmd pdr ughbmucbrbd cdg sus cfbjgtjs& p r kjgjhbcbd mj stds& d mj tjrcjrds mjsbng mds pdr jffds& jg jfcu f sj cdgsnr cdid hbg fbm m prbgcbp f f bgvjrsbg d cdfdccbg& cu fqubjr tbtufd& mjsui s mj mbgjrd mj cdghdribm m cdg 0s bgstruccbdgjs cdgtjgbm s jg jf ctd cdgstbtutbvd'Jstj tbpd mj hbmjbcdibsd sdfijgtj pdmr sjr mibgbstrmd pdr 0s mibgbstrmdrs mjhdgmds mj bgvjrsbg y 0ds bgtjrijmbrbds mj v fdrjs hcuftmds p r f mibgbstrcbg mjcrtjr'Urr hd B') Sj jgtjgmjr quj 0s mibgbstrmdrs mj hdgmds mj bgvjrsbg jstkfjcbm s mjcdghdribm m cdg f Fjy sdkrj Ijrcmd mj X fdrjs& hugnbrg cdid hbmucbrbs rjspjctd mj0ds hdgmds mj bgvjrsbg quj jstg kld su mibgbstrcbg& cm ugd mj 0ds cufjs mjkjrcdgstbtubrsj cdid ug p trbidgbd hbmjbcdibtbmd bgmjpjgmbjgtj mj0 p trbidgbd mj fmibgbstrmdr& mj cujrmd f gdri tbv vbnjgtj jg jf ijrcmd mj v fdrjs' Jstdsp trbidgbds hbmjbcdibtbmds rjcbkbrg jf ibsid trtibjgtd hbscf quj 0ds hbmjbcdibsds mjdhjrt phfkfbc mj v fdrjs'Urr hd 00') Fds bgtjrijmbrbds mj v fdrjs quj jstg hcuftmds f mibgbstrcbg mjcrtjr& jstkfjcbmds mj cdghdribm m cdg f Fjy sdkrj Ijrc md mj X fdrjs y su gdri tbv &pdmrg hugnbr cdid hbmucbrbds rjspjctd mj 0s crtjrs quj mibgbstrjg jg 0ds c sds jg qujtfjs c rtjrs sj cdgstbtuy g jg hbmjbcdibsds'Urr hd 000') U r hbgjs mj bgscrbpcbdgjs d rjnbstrd mj0 ctd cdgstbtutbvd cdg)jspdgmbjgtjpdr gtj jf [jnbstrd Cbvbf& pfbcrg 0s t ss prjvbsts'Cdg pdstjrbdrbm m mbcad rjnbstrd&ug cdpb cjrtbhbcm mj jstj ctd mjkjr sjr rjnbstrm jg jf [jnbstrd Ijrc gtbf& mjkbgmdsjgdtbhbc r f rjhjrbm bgscrbpcbg f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj X fdrjs'@rtbcufd :1') Hbmjbcdibsd mj bgvjrsb8g bgi dkbfbrb y mj mjsrrdffd bgidkbfbrbd' Fdshbmjbcdibsds mj bgvjrsbg bgidkbfbrb sdg p trbidgbds bgmjpjgmbjgtjs njstbdg mds pdr ugjgtbmm mibgbstrmdr d hbmucbrbd pdr cujgt y rbjsnd mj 0ds hbmjbcdibsrbds& cuyddkljtbvd prbidrmbf js f bgvjrsbg jg prdyjctds bgidkbfbrbds jg mbstbgts hsjs mj mbsjhbd ycdgstruccbg& p r su cdgcfusbg y vjgt& d gvgm ibjgtd' @mbcbdg fijgtj& pujmjg


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@rtbcufd >;') Mjgdibg cb8g y cdgcjptd mj fds tbpds mj v fdrjs j bgstruijgtds' F sjgtbmmjs mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbggcbjr utdrbz m s dpjrr jg jf p bs f ip rd mj f FjyIdgjtrb y Hbg gcbjr y 0s jgtbm mjs cdg fjyjs jspjcbfjs quj sb fd jspjcbhbqujg& pdmrgjibtbr v fdrjs mj dhjrt phfkfbc d sb cdid dtrds bgstruijgtds p r f c ptcbg mj rjcursdsmjstbg mds f hbg gcbibjgtd abpdtjc rbd f vbvbjgm y f sjctdr cdgstruccbg jg njgjrf&sbjiprj quj 0ds ibsids cuipfg cdg fd jstkfjcbmd jg f prjsjgtj 0jy y jg 0ds rjnfijgtdsquj jg jst i tjrb mdptj f Lugt Idgjtrb'Urr hd B') Jgtrj 0ds v fdrjs j bgstruijgtds p r jf hbg gcbibjgtd mj f vbvbjgm y fcdgstruccbg quj pdmrg utbfbz r 0* jgtbm mjs mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr utdrbz m s y0s rjnbm s pdr fjyjs jspjcbfjs& sj jgcujgtrg 0ds sbnubjgtjs." Fjtrs abpdtjcrbs< Sdg vfdrjs mj dhjrt phfkfbc rjprjsjgttbvds mj mjum frndpfzd& jibtbmds pdr 0s jgtbm mjs mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr utdrbz m s t0 jhjctd&cdid ijcgbsid p r hbggcbr gujvds prstids abpdtjcrbds f vbvbjgm y fsjctdr abpdtjcrbd jg njgjrf& 0ds cu fjs cdgstbtuyjg su vjz f nrgtb nfdk f mj 0dsv fdrjs sjr cdfdc mds& y cuy s cdgmbcbdgjs mj idgtd& ts mj bgtjrs y pfzd jstg

cfz m s cdg 0s cdgsbng m s jg mbcads prstids& sbjiprj quj sj cuipf cdg fdjstkfjcbmd jg f prjsjgtj 0jy y jg jf rjnfijgtd quj jg jst i tjrb mdptj f LugtIdgjtrb'k" Kdgds abpdtjcrbds< Sdg vfdrjs mj dhjrt phfkfbc rjprjsjgttbvds mj mjum frndpfzd& jibtbmds pdr 0s jgtbm mjs mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr utdrbz m s t0 jhjctd&cdg f n rgtb mj prstids abpdtjc rbds jxbstjgtjs rjnbstrmds jg jf ctbvd mj 0sibsi s& cuy s cdgmbcbdgjs sjg cdi p tbkfjs cdg 0s cdgsbng m s jg mbcads tbtufds&sbjiprj quj sj cuipf cdg fd jstkfjcbmd jg f prjsjgtj 0jy y jg jf rjnfijgtd quj jgjst i tjrb mdptj f Lugt Idgjtrb'

Cmufs abpdtjcrbs< Sdg v fdrjs frnd pfzd& jibtbmds pdr 0s jgtbm mjs mjbgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr utdrbz ms t0 jhjctd& cdg f hbg fbm m mj c ptr rjcursdsmbrjctijgtj mj0 phfkfbcd p r hbg gcbr prstids abpdtjcrbds f vbvbjgm y fsjctdr abpdtjc rbd jg njgjrf& 0ds cu fjs su vjz cdgstbtuyjg su n rgtb& sbjiprj qujsj cuipf cdg fd jstkfjcbmd jg f prjsjgtj 0jy y jg jf rjnfijgtd quj jg jst i tjrbmdptj f Lugt Idgjtrb'


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m" Cdgtitds mj p rtbcbpcb8g abpdtjcrb< Sdg bgstruijgtds mj mjum jibtbmds pdr0s jgtbm mjs mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr utdrbz m s t0 jhjctd& cdg f n rgtb mjprstids abpdtjc rbds rjnbstrmds jg jf ctbvd mj 0* ibsi s& cuyds mjrjcads sdgcjmbmds ug bgvjrsbdgbst ijmbgtj cdgtrtd& sbjiprj quj sj cuipf cdg fdjstkfjcbmd jg f prjsjgtj 0jy y jg jf rjnfijgtd quj jg jst i tjrb mdptj f LugtIdgjtrb'Iutuds abpdtjc rbds jgmds kfjs< Sdg prstids abpdtjc rbds cdgcjmbmds cdgrjcursds cptmds mbrjctijgtj mj0 phfkfbcd pdr 0s jgtbm mjs mj bgtjrijmbcbghbg gcbjr utdrbz m s t0 jhjctd& quj tbjgjg cdid n rgtb f prbijr abpdtjc sdkrjkbjgjs bgiujkfjs prjsjgtmds pdr jf mjumdr& y cdgsbng g f jstbpufcbg prjvb mj qujpujmjg sjr cjmbmds tjrcjrds& sbjiprj quj sj cuipf cdg fd jstkfjcbmd jg fprjsjgtj 0jy y jg jf rjnfijgtd quj jg jst i tjrb mdptj f Lugt Idgjtrb'

h" Iutuds abpdtjcrbds gd jgmds kfjs< Sdg prstids abpdtjcrbds cdgcjmbmds cdgrjcursds cptmds mj0 phfkfbcd pdr 0s jgtbm mjs mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjrutdrbz ms t0 jhjctd& quj tbjgjg cdid n rgtb f prbijr abpdtjc sdkrj kbjgjsbgiujkfjs prjsjgtmds pdr jf mjumdr y cdgsbng g f jstbpufcbg prjvb mj quj gdpujmjg sjr cjmbmds tjrcjrds& sbjiprj quj sj cuipf cdg fd jstkfjcbmd jg fprjsjgtj 0jy y jg jf rjnfijgtd quj jg jst i tjrb mdptj f Lugt Idgjtrb'

n" Cudts mj hdgmds cjrrmds mj bgvjrsb8g y mj hdgmds iutuds d kbjrtds< Sdg 0dspdrtjs quj cdghdri g ug p trbidgbd d hdgmd& sj jstj cjrrmd mj bgvjrsbg d iutudsd kbjrtds& f ip rd mj f Fjy sdkrj Ijrcmd mj X fdrjs y jg vbrtum mj fdjstkfjcbmd jg jf Urrhd 0 mj0 @rtbcufd ;: mj f prjsjgtj fjy& rjftbvd f hcuftm mj0s mibgbstrmdrs mj hdgmds mj bgvjrsbg hugnbr cdid hbmucbrbd jg ug dpjrcbgmj hbmjbcdibsd'a" X fdrjs mj hbmjbcdibsds< Sdg qujffds vfdrjs mj frnd pfzd quj jstg rjspfmmdspdr hbmjbcdibsds mj dhjrt phfkfbc d nrgtbz mds pdr hbmjbcdibsds jg n rgtb& fip rd mj f Fjy sdkrj Ijrc md mj X fdrjs y 0s mbspdsbcbdgjs quj sj jstkfjcjg jgjf cpbtufd mj0 Hbmjbcdibsd mj f prjsjgtj fjy'b" X fdrjs abpdtjcrbds tbtufrbzmds< Sdg vfdrjs mj dhjrt phfkfbc drbnbgmdsijmbgtj prdcjsds mj tbtufrbz cbg mj crtjrs mj prstids abpdtjcrbds& f ip rdmj f Fjy sdkrj Ijrcmd mj X fdrjs y 0* mbspdsbcbdgjs quj sj jstkfjcjg jg fprjsjgtj fjy'l" Dtrds vfdrjs d bgstruijgtds quj utdrbcj f @utdrbmm Idgjtrb y Hbggcbjrdrbjgtmd f mjsrrdffd mj0 ijrcmd abpdtjc rbd'Urr hd 00') Fds v fdrjs j bgstruijgtds bgmbcmds jg jf prjsjgtj rtbcufd& jstrgrjsp fm mds pdr 0ds gbvjfjs mj sdfvjgcb mj f jgtbm m mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr mj qujsj trtj y nr gtbz mds pdr 0ds ctbvds suky cjgtjs cdg c rnd 0ds cu fjs sj jibtbjrdg 0dsibsids& sjnhi pfbquj y sj jstkfjzc rjnfijgtrbijgtj pdr Lugt I dgjtrb'


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@rtbcufd >3') Mj fs c r ctjrbstbcs ibgbi s mj fds v fdrjs p r jf hbg gcbi bjgtd fvbvbjgm y jf sjctdr cdgstruccb8g' Jstds v fdrjs tjgmrg 0s c rctjrbstbc s njgjrfjssbnubjgtjs.Udmrg jibtbrsj jg hdri hbsbc d mjsi tjrbfbz mw sjnhi pfbquj'

k" Udmrg jibtbrsj jg hdri jstgmrbz m& jg jf csd mj 0ds vfdrjs mj dhjrt phfkfbc'c" Udmrg sjr cdfdcmds f phfkfbcd bgvjrsbdgbst mbrjctijgtj pdr 0s jgtbmmjs mjbgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr trvs mj 0ds bgtjrijmbrbds mj v fdrjs mjkbm ijgtjutdrbz mds& sjnhi pfbquj'm" F ts mj bgtjrs pdmr sjr hbl d vrbkfj'

Udmrg sjr jibtbmds pdr ug bipdrtj bnu f f idgtd quj scjgmbjrjg 0ds prstidsabpdtjcrbds p r f vbvbjgm d f cdgstruccbg quj 0ds rjsp fm g dtdrnmds d pdrcdgcjmjr pdr f jgtbmm mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr jibsdr& d jg prdpdrcbdgjs jghugcbg mj0 tbpd mj bgstruijgtd'

h" J0 p nd mj 0ds bgtjrjsjs y mj f idrtbz cbg mj 0ds v fdrjs j bgstruijgtds jibtbmdsp r hcbfbtr jf hbg gcbibjgtd mj f vbvbjgm d f cdgstruccbg& cdrrjspdgmjr fjgtbmm mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr jibsdr mj 0ds ibsids& bgmjpjgmbjgtjijgtj mj0p nd mj0 mjumdr'n" Fs mjis crctjrbstbcs mj jstds vfdrjs j bgstruijgtds cdgcjrgbjgtjs idgtds&tbpd mj idgjms& tss mj bgtjrs& pfzd& sjrbjs& jgclj fjnf y mjis spjctdsrjftbvds f hugcbdg ibjgtd mj 0ds ibsids& sjrg jstkfjcbmds pdr f Lugt Idgjtrb

ijmbgtj rjnfijgtd& mjkbgmdsj tdi r jg cdgsbmjrcbg mjis& 0ds rjqubsbtdsjstkfjcbmds jg f rjnufcbg mj0 ijrc md mj v fdrjs& jg 0ds c sds mj v fdrjs mj dhjrtphfkfbc'a" Fds spjctds cdgtkfjs rjftbvds 0ds vfdrjs jstrg rjnbmds pdr 0s mbspdsbcbdgjsquj tfjs hbgjs jstkfjzc f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds'

SJCCBDG 00MJ FDS U[$S]@IDS ABUD]JC@[BDS R F@ BGJIK@[N@KBFBM@M@rtbcufd >=') Mj fds Ursti ds abpdtjc rbds p r f vbvbjgm y f cdgstruccb8ghi gcbmds trvs mj v fdrjs j bgstruijgtds abpdtjc rbds' Fds prstids abpdtjcrbdsp r f vbvbjgm y f cdgstruccbg& hbg gcbmds trvs mj jstds v fdrjs j bgstruijgtdsabpdtjcrbds mjkjrg dtdrnrsj kld 0s crctjrbstbcs y cdgmbcbdgjs quj jstkfjzc f LugtIdgjtrb& y jstrg kld f supjrvbsbg mj f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds'@rtbcufd >:') Bgji k rn kbfbm m' Fds prstids abpdtjcrbds quj tuvbjrjg ug jgtbm m mjbgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr cdid rjspfmd mj f jibsbg mj v fdrjs mjkbm ijgtj utdrbz mds&sb cdid 0ds hfulds drbnbgmds pdr 0ds pnds mj mbcads prstids cdgsbmjrmds


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bgmbvbmufijgtj d mj cdglugtd& gd sjrg dkljtd mj jikrnd trkmd jg i gds mj 0dsmjumdrjs pdr crjjmdrjs mj f jgtbmm mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr drbnbg mdr mj fcrtjr mj prstids y jibsdr mj 0ds v fdrjs rjsp fm mds pdr f ibsi ' Jst mbspdsbcbg sjjstkfjcj jg cdgsdg gcb cdg fd mbspujstd jg jf @rtbcufd 13 mj f prjsjgtj fjy'@rtbcufd >8') Dpdsbcb8g' Fds prstids abpdtjcrbds quj tuvbjrjg ug jgtbm m mjbgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr cdid rjspfmd mj f jibsbg mj v fdrjs mjkbm ijgtj utdrbz mds&sb cdid 0ds hfulds drbnbgmds pdr 0ds pnds mj mbcads prstids cdgsbmjrmdsbgmbvbmufijgtj d mj cdglugtd& tipdcd sjrg dkljtd mj dpdsbcbdgjs nrvijgjs u dtrsccbdgjs tr k m s jg i gds mj 0ds mjumdrjs pdr crjjmdrjs mj f jgtbm m mj bgtjrijmbcbghbg gcbjr drbnbg mdr mj f crtjr mj prstids y jibsdr mj 0ds v fdrjs rjsp fm mds pdrf ibsi ' Jst mbspdsbcbg sj jstkfjcj jg cdgsdg gcb cdg fd mbspujstd jg jf @rtbcufd 13mj f prjsjgtj fjy'

SJCCBDG BBB[$NBIJG MJ @Z]D[B\@CBDG MJ X@FD[JS MJ DHJ[]@ UBBKFBC@J BGXJ[SBDG UD[ U@[]J MJ FDS HDGMDS MJ UJGSBDGJS

@rtbcufd >>') Mbspdsbcb8g njgjr f' F jibsbg mj v fdrjs mj dhjrt phfkfbc 0ds quj sjrjhbjrj jstj c pbtufd jstr rjnufm pdr 0s mbspdsbcbdgjs mj f Fjy sdkrj Ijrc md mjX fdrjs& su rjnfijgtd y f gdri tbv cdipfjijgtrb& sb cdid pdr 0* jstkfjcbm s jgjst sjccbg' Jg jf csd mj quj f jibsbg mj jstds v fdrjs v y sjr jhjctu m pdrjgtbmmjs mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr utdrbz m s tfjs hbgjs& pfbcrg jg mbcbg& y mji gjr prjvbd 0s jstkfjcbm s jg jst sjccbg jg fd tbgjgtj f [nbijg mj @utdrbz cbdgjsmj f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds'Urr hd)) ] gtd f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds cdid f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj X fdrjsmjkjrg jfkdrr& rjspjctbv ijgtj& jf rjnfijgtd d prdcjmbibjgtd krjvbmd quj rjnbrp r f prdk cbg mj f jibsbg mj jstds v fdrjs mj dhjrt phfkfbc& fd cu f mjkjr sjrprdkmd pdr f Lugt Idgjtrb y jf Cdgsjld G cbdgf mj X fdrjs& rjspjctbvijgtj& mjgtrdmj ug pfzd gd i ydr mj sjsjgt !85" mbs cfjgmrbds& cdgtmds prtbr mj f prdiufncbgmj f prjsjgtj fjy'@rtbcufd >1') [nbijg mj utdrbzcb8g njgji f jg f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds' F`jgtbmm mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr quj sj prdpdgn jibtbr 0ds v fdrjs mj dhjrt phfkfbccdgtjipfmds jg 0ds fbtjrfjs " y k" mj0 @rtbcufd >; mj jst fjy& mjkjr rjibtbr fSupjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds ug sdfbcbtum mj rjnbstrd jg f quj sj jspjcbhbqujg 0sbghdri cbdgjs quj hujrjg rjqujrbms f jhjctd jg jf rjnfijgtd f quj sj rjhbjrj jf prrhdmj0 @rtbcufd >> quj gtjcjmj'F Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds mbspdgmr mj ug pfzd mjtrjbgt !35" mbs cfjgmrbds& cdgtmds prtbr mj f rjcjpcbg mj f bgmbcm sdfbcbtum& prprdgugcbrsj sdkrj f ibsi ' Jg csd mj quj jibt ug mbctijg hvdrkfj& mbcaddrngbsid rjnbstrr f jibsbg mj 0ds vfdrjs mj quj sj trtj& mj fd cuf mjlr fcdgstgcb rjspjctbv '


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@rtbcufd >2') [nbijg mj utdrbzcb8g krjvbmd jg f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds'Cu gmd f jgtbm m mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr mj quj sj trtj sj ug JibsdrJspjcbfbzmd& mj cujrmd fd jstkfjcbmd jg jf @rtbcufd 81 mj f prjsjgtj fjy& fSupjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds tjgmr ug pfzd mj ast qubgcj !0 :" mbs akbfjs& cdgtmds p rtbr mj f rjcjpcbg mj f sdfbcbtum sustjgtm jg tdm f mdcui jgtcbg rjqujrbm fjhjctd& p r prdgugcbrsj sdkrj jf p rtbcufr'Sb jf mbctijg js hvdrkfj& mbcad drngbsidrjnbstrr f jibsbg mj 0ds vfdrjs& mj fd cuf sj mjlr cdgstgcb jg jf rjspjctbvdcjrtbhbcmd mj bgscrbpcbg& quj sj jgtrjn r f jgtbm m mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr mj qujsj trtj'Urr hd B') F Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds pdmr mbspdgjr mj ug pfzd mbcbdg f mj a stcbgcd !:" mbs akbfjs& pr pdgmjrr qujffds csds quj rjqubjrg mj ug jvfucbg isjxaustbv& y a yg sbmd cfbhbcmds cdid csds cdipfjlds& mjkbgmdsj mjhbgbr pdrrjnfijgtd 0ds crbtjrbds p r cdghjrbr t0 c fbhbccbg'Urr hd 00') ]rgscugbmds 0ds pfzds prjvbstds& sbg quj f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds sja y prdgugcbmd sdkrj jf p rtbcufr& sj cdgsbmjrr quj jf sbfjgcbd mj mbcad drngbsidjqubv fj f prdk cbg mj f sdfbcbtum mj utdrbzcbg mj quj sj trtj'Urr hd 000') Jstj [nbijg @krjvbmd sfd sjr pfbc kfj 0ds Jibsdrjs Jspjcbfbz mds 0ds quj sj rjhbjrj jf @rtbcufd 81 mj jst fjy& jf cu f mjhbgj jst cdgmbcbg'@rtbcufd 15') [nbijg mj utdrbz cb8g njgjr f jg f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj X fdrjs' F`jgtbmm mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr quj sj prdpdgn jibtbr 0ds v fdrjs mj dhjrt phfkfbc 0ds quj sj rjhbjrjg 0ds fbtjrfjs " y k" mj0 @rtbcufd >; mj jst Fjy& mjkjr rjibtbr fSupjrbgtjgmjgcb mj X fdrjs ug sdfbcbtum mj utdrbz cbg y rjnbstrd jg f quj sjjspjcbhbqujg 0s bghdri cbdgjs quj hujrjg rjqujrbm s f jhjctd& sjnhi mjtjribgjrjnfijgtrbijgtj mbcad drngbsid cdghdrij fd jstkfjcbmd jg jf @rtbcufd >> mj fprjsjgtj fjy'Jstj prdcjsd pdmr sjr bgbcbmd cdgcdibtgtjijgtj cdg jf njstbdg md gtj fSupjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds' F Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj X fdrjs mjkjr rjspdgmjr f bgmbc msdfbcbtum mj utdrbzcbg mjgtrd mj0 pfzd mj trjbgt !35" mbs cdrmj fd mbspujstd jg jfUrrhd 000 mj0 @rtbcufd 8 mj f Fjy sdkrj Ijrcmd mj X fdrjs' Mbcad pfzd cdgtr p rtbrmj f rjcjpcbg mj f bghdri cbg rjqujrbm cdipfjt'Jg csd mj quj jibt ug mbctijghvdrkfj& mbcad drngbsid rjnbstrr f jibsbg mj 0ds vfdrjs& mj fd cuf mjlr fcdgstgcb rjspjctbv & quj sj jgtrjn r f jgtbm m mj quj sj trtj'@rtbcufd 10') [nbijg mj utdrbzcb8g krjvbmd jg f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj X fdrjs'Cu gmd f jgtbmm mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr sj ug jibsdr jspjcbfbz md& mj cujrmd fd mjhbgbmd jg jf @rtbcufd 81 mj f prjsjgtj fjy& f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj X fdrjs tjgmr ugpfzd mj ast qubgcj !0:" mbs akbfjs& cdgtmds prtbr mj f rjcjpcbg mj f sdfbcbtum mjutdrbzcbg y rjnbstrd jg f quj sj mlugtjg tdms 0s bghdri cbdgjs quj hujrjg rjqujrbmsf jhjctd& sjnhi sj mjtjribgj rjnfijgtrbijgtj cdghdrij fd jstkfjcbmd jg jf @rtbcufd>>& 0ds hbgjs mj prdgugcbrsj sdkrj jf p rtbcufr'Sb f cdgsbmjr hvdrkfj& mbcaddrn gbsid bgscrbkbr f jibsbg mj 0ds v fdrjs prdk mds jg jf [jnbstrd mj0 Ijrc md mjX fdrjs y Urdmuctds& mj fd cuf sj mjlr cdgstgcb jg f rjspjctbv rjsdfucbg mjbgscrbpcbg& quj sj jgtrjnr f jgtbmm mj quj sj trtj'


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Urr hd B') F Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj X fdrjs pdmr mbspdgjr mj ug pfzd mbcbdg f mj a stcbgcd !:" mbs akbfjs& pr pdgmjrr qujffds csds quj rjqubjrg mj ug jvfucbg isjxaustbv y ayg sbmd cfbhbcmds cdid csds cdipfjlds& mjkbgmdsj mjhbgbr pdrrjnfijgtd 0ds crbtjrbds p r cdghjrbr t0 c fbhbccbg'Urr hd 00') Jg c sd mj quj f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj X fdrjs gd sj prdgugcbj rjspjctd mj fsdfbcbtum mj utdrbz cbg mj dhjrt phfkfbc mj quj sj trtj mjgtrd mj 0ds pfzds prjvbstds& ysj aukbjrjg dktjgbmd 0s mjibs utdrbz cbdgjs quj pumbjrg sjr rjqujrbm s pdr fjy& sjcdgsbmjrr quj jf sbfjgcbd mj mbca Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj X fdrjs jqubv fj f prdk cbgmj0 vfdr mj quj sj trtj& mjkbjgmd st sjr bgscrbt jg jf rjnbstrd& suljtd f mjpsbtd mj 0scjrtbhbccbdgjs mj prdk cbdgjs mj 0ds mjis drngbsids& sjnhi pfbquj y f prjsjgtcbgmj0 cusj mj rjcbkd mj f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj X fdrjs'Urr hd 000') Jstj [nbijg @krjvbmd sfd sjr pfbc kfj 0ds Jibsdrjs Jspjcbfbz mds 0ds quj sj rjhbjrj jf @rtbcufd 81 mj jst fjy& jf cu f mjhbgj jst cdgmbcbg'

@rtbcufd 1;') Bgvjrsb8g pdr U rtj mj fds Hdgmds mj Ujgsbdgjs' U r quj 0ds v fdrjs mjdhjrt phfkfbc 0ds quj sj rjhbjrjg 0ds fbtjrfjs " y k" mj0 @rtbcufd >; quj gtjcjmj pujmgsjr dkljtd mj bgvjrsbg pdr prtj mj 0ds hdgmds mj pjgsbdgjs& pfbcrg 0s mbspdsbcbdgjsjstkfjcbm s f rjspjctd jg f Fjy sdkrj Sbstji mj Sjnurbm m Sdcbf& su rjnfijgtd ygdri s cdipfjijgtrbs& sb cdid 0s jstkfjcbm s jg 0ds prrhds mj0 prjsjgtj rtbcufd'Urrhd 0< F Cdibsbg Cfsbhbcmdr mj [bjsnd y Fbibtjs mj fgvjrsbg !CC[FB" mjkjr&jg ug pfzd gd i ydr mj sjsjgt !85" mbs cfjgmrbds& cdgtmd prtbr mj f prdiufncbgmj f prjsjgtj fjy& mbctr ug rjsdfucbg jg f quj sj jstkfjzc g 0s cdgmbcbdgjs yp rijtrds ibgbids quj jstrg suljts 0s bgvjrsbdgjs mj 0ds rjcursds mj 0ds hdgmds mjpjgsbdgjs jg 0ds v fdrjs quj sj rjhbjrj jstj rtbcufd' Mbca [jsdfucbg mjkjr pukfbc rsjjg ug mbrbd mj cbrcufcbg gcbdgf mjgtrd mj 0ds trjs !3" mbs akbfjs mj su prdkcbg pdrp rtj mj f CC[FB y& mj i gjr pjri gjgtj& jg 0ds ijmbds jfjctrgbcds su mbspdsbcbg'Urr hd BB< Fds jibsdrjs bgtjrjsmds jg quj 0ds v fdrjs bgmbc mds jg jstj rtbcufd pujm gsjr dkljtd mj bgvjrsbg pdr prtj mj 0ds hdgmds mj pjgsbdgjs& mjkjrg prjsjgtr su sdfbcbtum f Cdibsbg Cfsbhbcmdr mj [bjsnds y Fbibtjs mj fgvjrsbg !CC[FB" cdg sjmj jg fSupjrbgtjgmjgcb mj Ujgsbdgjs& jg k sj 0ds rjqujrbibjgtds jstkfjcbmds jg f gdri tbvbgmbc m jg jf Urrhd 0 quj gtjcjmj'F s bgstgcbs cdg)jspdgmbjgtjs quj tbjgjg su c rndf Jv fu cbg y [jcdijgm cbg ]cgbc mj jsts sdfbcbtumjs& tjgmrg ug pfzd mj a stmbjz !05" mbs akbfjs& cdgtmd prtbr mj f rjcjpcbg mj tdm f mdcuijgtcbg rjqujrbm&p r prjsjgtr f ibsi f rjhjrbm Cdibsbg Cfsbhbc mdr' Mbca Cdibsbg tjgmr suvjz& ug pfzd mj ast cbgcd !:" mbs akbfjs& cdgtmd p rtbr mj f rjcjpcbg mj f rjhjrbmJv fu cbg y [jcdijgm cbg ]cgbc pdr prtj mj sus ibjikrds& p r prdgugcbrsj csdpdr csd& y sj prdk gmd& rjca zgmd d jibtbjgmd ug dpbgbg cdg sfvjm m& rjspjctd f sdfbcbtum mj quj sj trtj& y cdghdrij fd jstkfjcbmd jg f cbtm Fjy mj Sjnurbm m


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Sdcbf y sus gdri s cdipfjijgtrbs' Sj mbspdgj mj ug pfzd mbcbdgf mj ast cbgcd !:"mbs akbfjs p r qujffds c sds jg quj sj rjqubjr mj ug jv fu cbg is jxa ustbv & ya yg sbmd cfbhbcmds cdid csds cdipfjlds& mjkbgmdsj mjhbgbr pdr rjnfijgtd 0dscrbtjrbds p r cdghjrbr t0 cfbhbccbg'Urr hd 000< Jg c sd mj quj f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj Ujgsbdgjs y d f CdibsbgCfsbhbc mdr mj [bjsnds y Fbibtjs mj fgvjrsbg gd jibt su jv fu cbg d sj prdgugcbj&sjnhi pfbquj mjgtrd mj 0ds pfzds bgmbcmds& sbg cus mjkbmijgtj lustbhbcm& pdmrbgcdiprdijtjr su rjspdgskbfbm m& mj cdghdribmm cdg 0* mbspdsbcbdgjs mj f fjy'

SJCCBDG BX[$NBIJG @UFBC@KFJ JG C@SD MJ MBSDFZCBDG R$D FBPZBM@CBDGJG]BM@MJS MJ BG]J[IJMB@CBDG HBG@GCBJIR H@CZF]@M GD[I@]BX@@rtbcufd 13') [nbijg pfbckfj jg csd mj mbsdfucb8g y$d fbqubm cb8g mj ug jgtbm mmj bgtjrijmbcb8g hi gcbji jibsdr mj fds v fdrjs p i jf Hi gcbi bjgtd mj fvbvbjgm y f cdgstruccb8g' @0 bgbcbd mj tdmd prdcjsd mj mbsdfucbg y d fbqubm cbg mj ugjgtbmm mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr& 0ds v fdrjs p r jf hbg gcbibjgtd mj f vbvbjgm y fcdgstruccbg jibtbmds y jg cbrcufcbg sjrg cdgsbmjrmds cdid ttdkfbn cbdgjsprbvbfjnbms.. y sjrg trgshjrbmds cdglugtijgtj cdg 0ds prstids abpdtjcrbds quj 0dsrjsp fm g y sus rjspjctbvs n rgtbs abpdtjcrbs dtr jgtbmm mj bgtjrijmbcbghbg gcbjr utdrbzm & d jg usjgcb mj prdpujsts mj mqubsbcbg mj mbca s dkfbn cbdgjs yctbvds pdr p rtj mj ug jgtbm m mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr& sj hcuft f LugtIdgjtrb mjtjribg r& csd csd& jf trtibjgtd dtdrn r& tdmd jffd& jg k sj frjnfijgtd quj p r tfjs hbgjs mbctj mbcad drn gbsid& pdr fd quj tfjs p sbvds y ctbvdssjrg jxcfubmds mj f i s mj fbqubmcbg y i gjlmds cdgtkfjijgtj jg hdri sjprm&qujmgmd ipfbmd jf fbtjrf j" mj0 @rtbcufd 83 mj f cbtm Fjy Idgjtrb y Hbggcbjr ysus idmbhbc cbdgjs'Urr hto) Hg jsd mj tsjgcb mj mbca s prdpujsts& f Lugt Idgjtrb mjsbng r jf rngd d0s pjrsdgs gturfjs d lurbmbcs quj jstrg crnd mj0 prdcjsd mj cdgtrdf ymibgbstrcbg mj 0ds v fdrjs p r jf hbg gcbibjgtd f vbvbjgm mj quj sj trtj& cdg sucdg)jspdgmbjgtj crtjimjj stids quj 0ds rjspfm cdid nrgtb& suibjgmd jsj psbvd yctbvd& jg c m csd& mjkbjgmd jhjctu r 0ds p nds cdg)jspdgmbjgtjs jg hdri prbvbfjnbm &dpdrtug y mbrjct sus bgvjrsdrjs'

@rtbcufd 1=') H cuftm gdri tbv ' Uf zd p i mbctr rjnfijgtds gjcjsrbds' Sbgpjrlubcbd mj fd prjvbstd pdr f prjsjgtj fjy& 0ds tfrngds mj f @mibgbstrcbg Idgjtrb yHbggcbjr& jf Cdgsjld G cbdgf mj X fdrjs y f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj X fdrjs mdptrg 0dsrjnfijgtds& cbrcufrjs j bgstructbvds quj sjg gjcjsrbds& hbg mj cdipfjijgtr y rjnufrjf prdcjmbibjgtd mj jibsbg y cdfdccbg mj 0ds v fdrjs p r hcbfbtr jf hbg gcbibjgtd fvbvbjgm y f cdgstruccbg jg f [jphfkfbc Mdibgbcg & mj cdghdribmm cdg fd jstkfjcbmdjg f prjsjgtj fjy' F Lugt Idgjtrb mbctr 0ds rjnfijgtds cdg)jspdgmbjgtjs 0dsv fdrjs p r hcbfbtr jf hbggcbibjgtd mj f vbvbjgm & sb cdid 0s idmbhbc cbdgjs


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gjcjsrbs f rjsdfucbg quj rjnuf f jibsbg mj Fjtrs Abpdtjc rbs& mj i gjr quj fibsi sj cdrrjspdgm cdg 0s mbspdsbcbdgjs mj jstj c pbtufd& tdmd jffd jg ug pfzd gdi ydr mj sjsjgt !85" mbs cfjgmrbds& cdgtmds prtbr mj f prdiufncbg mj jst fjy'C@Ub]ZFD BBB

MJ FDS SJNZ[DS [JF@CBDG@MDS @ FDSBGS][ZI JG]DS ABUD]JC@[BDS@rtbcufd 1:') Cdgcjptd mj Sjnurd mj Hdijgtd mj Abpdtjcs @sjnurm s !HA@"' Js fidm fbm m mj sjnurd quj dhrjcj cdkjrtur mj prmbm s jg prstids abpdtjcrbds cdidrjsuftmd mj0 bgcuipfbibjgtd mj p nd mj0 mjumdr'@rtbcufd 18') Cdgti tcb8g dpcbdg f mjf Sjnurd HA@' F s jgtbm mjs mj bgtjrijmbcbghbg gcbjr pdmrg sjnurr f tdtfbm m d p rtj mj sus prstids abpdtjc rbdsmbscrjcbg& cdg f cdkjrtur mj0 Sjnurd mj Hdijgtd mj Abpdtjcs @sjnurms !HA@"'@rtbcufd 1>') ]r gshjrbkbfbm m mjf Sjnurd HA@' Zg vjz jibtbm ug pfbz mj0 Sjnurdmj Hdijgtd mj Abpdtjcs @sjnurms !HA@"& su mibgbstrcbg qujmr crnd mj fjgtbmm mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr quj dtdrn jf prstid' Jg 0ds c sds jg quj jfprstid abpdtjc rbd n rgtbzmd pdr jf Sjnurd mj Hdijgtd mj Abpdtjcs @sjnurm s!HA@" sj trsp smd dtr jgtbmm d su mibgbstrcbg sj mjfjnm dtrd mbca cjsbgmjkjr sjr gdtbhbcm mjgtrd mj 0ds qubgcj ! f:" mbs cfjgmrbds& cdgtmds prtbr mj fdpjrcbg f K gcd G cbdg f mj Hdijgtd mj f Xbvbjgm y f Urdmuccbg !KGX"& pr qujrjnbstrj y m jhjctd f cikbd mj0 tbtufr mj f pfbz'@rtbcufd 11') Sjnurd abpdtjc rbd prbv md cdgtr bgcui pfbibjgtd' F s jgtbm mjs mjbgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr pdmrg cdgtrtr& su cdstd& cdg 0s cdip hbbs mj sjnurdsmjkbmijgtj utdrbz m s p r dpjrr jg f [jphfkfbc Mdibgbc g & pfbz s mj sjnurdsprbv m s p r f cdkjrtur mj prmbm s jg prstids abpdtjcrbds cdid rjsuftmd mjbgcuipfbibjgtd mj p nd mj0 mjumdr& mj cdghdribmm cdg fd quj f rjspjctd mbspdgn fSupjrbgtjgmjgcb mj Sjnurds' Mbca s pfbz s mjkjrg cuipfbr cdg 0s cdgmbcbdgjs mjcdkjrtur jstkfjcbm s pdr 0ds rngds mj f @mibgbstrcbg Idgjtrb y Hbg gcbjr pr jftbpd mj prstid mj quj sj trtj& tdi gmd jg cdgsbmjrcbg 0s rjstrbccbdgjs jstkfjcbm s jgf prjsjgtj fjy'Urr hd)) F s mbspdsbcbdgjs jstkfjcbm s jg jf rtbcufd quj gtjcjmj& rjftbvd f cjsbg mjprstids abpdtjcrbds sjnurmds& sjrg pfbc kfjs 0ds c sds mj crmbtds cdg sjnurdabpdtjcrbd prbv md& jg cuyd c sd f jgtbm m mj quj sj trtj mjkjr a cjr f gdtbhbccbg fquj sj rjhbjrj jf ibsid& f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds'@rtbcufd 12') @cujrmds mj cdkjrtui d cjrtbhbc cbdgjs' F s jgtbmmjs mj bgtjrijmbcbghbg gcbjr pdmrg suscrbkbr cujrmds mj cdkjrtur tjgmjgtjs sjnurr jf p nd yrjgmbibjgtd mj 0ds prstids& bgstruijgtds hbg gcbjrds d v fdrjs jibtbmds cdg c rnd crtjrs mj prstids& cjrtbhbcmds mj tbtufds quj ip rg f prdpbjm m mj 0* n rgtbs& sbcdid qujffds tjgmjgtjs n rgtbz r jf rbjsnd mj bghfcbg y mj hfuctu cbdgjs mj tbpdcikbrbd'


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@rtbcufd 25') H cuftm gdri tbv ' Uf zds p i mbm r rjnfi jgtds gjcjs rbds' Fdsrn gds mj f @mibgbstrcbg I dgjtrb y Hbg gcbjr& ijmbgtj f mdpcbg mjrjnfijgtds& cbrcufrjs y cu fqubjr dtrd tbpd mj gdri s cdipfjijgtrbs& mjkjrgjstkfjcjr& mj cdghdribm m cdg fd mbspujstd jg f prjsjgtj fjy& 0ds rjqujrbibjgtds p r jfdtdrnibjgtd y hugcbdg ibjgtd mj 0s pfbzs mj Sjnurds mj Hdijgtd mj Abpdtjc@sjnurm !HA@"& 0s pfbzs mj Sjnurd Abpdtjcrbd Urbvmd cdgtr fgcuipfbibjgtd y 0dstribgds mj 0ds cujrmds mj cdkjrtur mj quj trt jf @rtbcufd 12 mj jst 0jy bgcfuyjgmd 0sidmbhbccbdgjs gjcjsrbs f rjnfijgtd sdkrj Hdijgtd mj Abpdtjcs @sjnurms !HA@"jxbstjgtj& p r quj jf ibsid sj cdrrjspdgm cdg 0s mbspdsbcbdgjs mj jstj cpbtufd& tdmdjffd jg ug pfzd gd i ydr mj sjsjgt !85" mbs cfjgmrbds& cdgtmds prtbr mj fprdiufncbg mj jst fjy' Js cdipjtjgcb mj0 Cdgsjld mj @mibgbstrcbg mj0 K gcdG cbdgf mj Hdijgtd mj f Xbvbjgm y f Urdmuccbg !KGX" jstkfjcjr 0ds spjctdsdpjrtbvds mj0 Sjnurd mj Hdijgtd mj Abpdtjcs @sjnurms !HA@"'

C@Ub]ZFD BXMJ F@ ]B]ZF@[B\@CBCN MJ C@[]JBZ MJC[tMB]DS ABUD]JC@[BDSSJCCBDG BMJF U[DCJSD& MJHBGBCBDG R [JPZJ[BIBJG]DS MJ C@UB]@FMJ F@ ]B]ZF@[B\@CBDG

@rtbcufd 20') Mjf prdcjsd mj tbtuf rbz cb8g' J0 prdcjsd mj tbtufrbz cbg mj c rtjrs mjprstids abpdtjcrbds jstr suljtd 0s mbspdsbcbdgjs mj f Fjy sdkrj Ijrcmd mjX fdrjs& su [jnfijgtd mj @pfbc cbg y 0s gdri s mbctm s pdr f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mjX fdrjs& y cugmd pfbquj& 0s mbspdsbcbdgjs mj f Fjy Idgjtrb y Hbg gcbjr y susrjnfijgtds mj pfbccbg& jxcjpcbg mj qujffs quj sj g cdgtrrbs 0s jstkfjcbm s mjhdri jspjcbf pdr f prjsjgtj fjy'@rtbcufd 2;') Mjhibcb8g mj tbtufrbzcb8g' U r 0ds jhjctds mj f prjsjgtj 0jy sj jgtjgmjrcdid tbtufrbzcbg jf prdcjsd mjhbgbmd pdr jf @rtbcufd f5> mj f Fjy sdkrj Ijrc md mjX fdrjs'Urr hd)) F tbtufrbm m mj 0ds v fdrjs rjsp fm mds pdr jf k fgcj rjsbmu f mj0 p trbidgbdsjp rmd& quj sj cdghdri r cdg f crtjr mj prstids abpdtjcrbds dkljtd mjtbtufrbz cbg& pdmr sjr jxprjsm trvs mj v fdrjs rjprjsjgttbvds mj f p rtbcbp cbg mjsus mqubrbjgtjs& qubjgjs hibcijgtj pdmrg sjr 0ds drbnbg mdrjs y 0ds bgvjrsbdgbstsbgstbtucbdg fjs& sjnhi f mjhbgbcbg mj stds m m pdr jf prrhd mj0 @rtbcufd 0; mj f Fjysdkrj Ijrcmd mj X fdrjs'@rtbcufd 23') C pbtf ibgbid mj fs cdip hfbs tbtufrbzmdi s' U r 0ds hbgjs mj fprjsjgtj 0jy y sbg pjrlubcbd mj quj pujm sjr pfbckfj 0s cdiphbbs tbtufrbzmdrs qujrjfbcjg jstj tbpd mj tbtufrbz cbdgjs& jf idgtd mj c pbtf ibgbid rjqujrbmd 0* cdip hbbstbtufrbz mdrs bgcfuyjgmd jf mj qujffs quj tjgn g f cdgmbcbg mj jibsdrjs


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)2=)

K gcds& f cuf mjkjr dtdrnr su rjcazd d gd)dkljcbg f prtbcbpcbg mj f jgtbmm mjbgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr mj quj sj trtj p r trgshjrbr crtjrs mj crmbtds abpdtjcrbds& jgdcsbg mj prdcjsds mj tbtufrbz cbg jg ug pfzd gd i ydr mj trjbgt mbs cfjgm rbd&cdgtmds prtbr mj f rjcjpcbg mj f sdfbcbtum y mj tdm f mdcuijgtcbg cdipfjtrjqujrbm f jhjctd'Jg bnuf pfzd mj trjbgt !35" mbs cfjgmrbd& f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mjK gcds mjkjr tribtr ug sdfbcbtum mj jstj tbpd f Lugt Idgjtrb cu gmd f c rtjrsuljt tbtufrbzcbg sdkrjp sj mj0 trjbgt pdr cbjgtd !35*" mj0 ptrbidgbd tcgbcd mj fjgtbmm mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr mj quj sj trtj& y mbca crtjr hujrj trsp srsj ug jgtbm m tbtufrbz mdr cdid p rtj mj ug prdcjsd mj tbtufrbz cbg'@rtbcufd 28') [nbijg krjvbmd mj utdrbzcb8g mj f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds'Cu gmd f jgtbm m mj bgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr sj ug Jibsdr Jspjcbfbz md& pjrd sudpjrcbg mj tbtufrbzcbg mj crtjr abpdtjcrb jxcjmj jf vjbgtj pdr cbjgtd !;5*" mj sup trbidgbd tcgbcd& f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds cdgtr cdg ug pfzd gd i ydr mjqubgcj !0:" mbs akbfjs& cdgtmds prtbr mj f rjcjpcbg mj f sdfbcbtum y fmdcuijgtcbg cdipfjt rjqujrbm f jhjctd& mj hdri rjnfijgtrb pdr f LugtIdgjtrbd p r quj f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds pujm jibtbr su mbctijg' fnu f pfzdmj qubgcj !0:" mbs akbfjs& cdgtmds prtbr mj f rjcjpcbg mj f mdcuijgtcbg cdipfjtrjqujrbm& tjgmr f Lugt Idgjtrb pr rjspdgmjr f sdfbcbtum& cugmd f crtjr suljt tbtufrbzcbg sdkrjpsj mj0 trjbgt pdr cbjgtd !35*" mj0 ptrbidgbd tcgbcd mj f jgtbmm mjbgtjrijmbcbg hbg gcbjr c fbhbc m prjvbijgtj cdid jibsdr jspjcbfbzmd& y mbcacrtjr hujrj trsp srsj ug jgtbm m tbtufrbzmdrw cdid p rtj mj ug prdcjsd mjtbtufrbzcbg'Urr hd B') F Lugt Idgjtrb y f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds pdmrg mbspdgjr mj ugpfzd mbcbdgf mj ast cbgcd !:" mbs akbfjs jg cm csd& pr pdgmjrr qujffds csdsquj rjqubjrg mj ug jv fu cbg ibs jxa ustbv y a yg sbmd cfbhbc mds cdid csdscdipfjlds& mjkbgmdsj mjhbgbr pdr rjnfijgtd 0ds crbtjrbds pr cdghjrbr t0 cfbhbccbg'Urr hd 00') ]rgscurrbmds 0ds pfzds prjvbstds& sbg quj f Lugt Idgjtrb d fSupjrbgtjgmjgcb mj K gcds& sjnhi pfbquj& sj a y g prdgugcbmd sdkrj jf p rtbcufr& sjcdgsbmjrr quj jf sbfjgcbd mj mbcads drngbsids jqubv fj f prdk cbg mj f sdfbcbtum mjutdrbz cbg p r trsp sr ug tbtufrbz mdr& f c rtjr sdfbcbtm cdid suky cjgtj mjug dpjrcbg mj tbtufrbz cbg'Urr hd 000') Jstj [nbijg @krjvbmd sfd sjr pfbc kfj 0ds Jibsdrjs Jspjcbfbz mds 0ds quj sj rjhbjrj jf @rtbcufd 81 mj jst fjy& jf cu f mjhbgj jst cdgmbcbg'

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52/79

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p rijtrds ibgbids quj jstrg suljts 0s bgvjrsbdgjs mj 0ds rjcursds mj 0ds hdgmds mjpjgsbdgjs jg 0ds v fdrjs tbtufrbzmds 0ds quj sj rjhbjrj jstj cpbtufd' Mbca rjsdfucbgmjkjr pukfbcrsj jg ug mbrbd mj cbrcufcbg gcbdgf mjgtrd mj 0ds trjs !3" mbscfjgm rbds mj su prdk cbg pdr p rtj mj f rjhjrbm Cdibsbg y& mj i gjr pjri gjgtj&jg 0ds ijmbds jfjmrgbcds su mbspdsbcbg'Urrhd 00') Fds jibsdrjs bgtjrjsmds jg quj sus vfdrjs tbtufrbzmds pujmg sjr dkljtd mjbgvjrsbg pdr p rtj mj 0ds hdgmds mj pjgsbdgjs& mjkjrg prjsjgtr su sdfbcbtum f CdibsbgCfsbhbc mdr mj [bjsnds y Fbibtjs mj fgvjrsbg& cdg sjmj jg f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mjUjgsbdgjs& jg k sj 0ds rjqujrbibjgtds jstkfjcbmds jg f gdri tbv bgmbcm jg jf Urrhd0 quj gtjcjmj'F s bgstgcbs cdg)jspdgmbjgtjs quj tbjgjg su c rnd f jv fu cbg yrjcdijgmcbg tcgbc& tjgmrg ug pfzd mj ast mbjz !05" mbs akbfjs& cdgtmds prtbrmj f rjcjpcbg mj tdm f mdcuijgtcbg rjqujrbm & p r prjsjgtr f ibsi f rjhjrbmCdibsbg Cfsbhbcmdr' Mbca Cdibsbg tjgmr su vjz& ug pfzd mj ast cbgcd !:" mbsakbfjs& cdgtmds p rtbr mj f rjcjpcbg mj f rjhjrbm jv fu cbg y rjcdijgm cbg tcgbcpdr p rtj mj sus ibjikrds& p r prdgugcbrsj c sd pdr csd& y sj prdk gmd& rjca z gmdd jibtbjgmd ug dpbgbg cdg sfvjm m& rjspjctd f sdfbcbtum mj quj sj trtj& y cdghdrij fd jstkfjcbmd jg f cbtm 0jy y sus gdri s cdipfjijgtrbs' Sj mbspdgj mj ug pfzdmbcbdgf mj ast cbgcd !:" mbs akbfjs p r qujffds csds jg quj sj rjqubjr mj ugjvfucbg is jxaustbv& y a yg sbmd cfbhbcmds cdid csds cdipfjlds& mjkbgmdsjmjhbgbr pdr rjnfijgtd 0ds crbtjrbds p r cdghjrbr t0 cfbhbccbg'Urr hd 000') Jg csd mj quj f Supjrbgtjgmjgcb mj Ujgsbdgjs y d f CdibsbgCfsbhbc mdr mj [bjsnds y Fbibtjs mj fgvjrsbg& gd jibt su jv fu cbg d gd sj prdgugcbj&rjspjctbvijgtj& mjgtrd mj 0ds pfzds bgmbcmds& sbg cus mjkbmijgtj lustbhbcm& pdmrbgcdiprdijtjr su rjspdgskbfbm m mj cdghdribmm cdg 0s mbspdsbcbdgjs mj f fjy'

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60/79

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