LIGHTLIGHT

Irradiance

Photopic response curveEfficacy of melatonin supression

Brainard et al, 2001

LJUSETS BETYDELSE

VisuelltBiologisktEmotionelltVBE

Light and colour

Ljuskällors ljusFärgtemperatur (Kelvin)

Varmton <3300 K

Vit ~4000 K

Dagsljus >5300 K

I Sverige använder vi framför allt varmvitt ljus 3000 K

Använd vitt ljus 4000 K för att få distinktare färger och varmtonat ljus 2700 K för göra miljön mer ombonad.

Färgåtergivning (Ra)

Fullfärg Enkelfärg

Välj alltid ljuskällor med Ra >80 (tex. fullfärgslysrör) och vid extra höga krav ljuskällor med Ra >90.

Ljusfärger och ytfärgerMänniskan kan uppfatta mer än 1000000 färgnyanser

Glödlampa Vitt lysrör

Diffust dagsljus Riktat dagsljus

Ljusnivå och ljusfördelning

Lämplig skuggbildning gör att du kan bedöma form struktur och avstånd

MEHR LICHT!MEHR LICHT!

Horas non numero nisi serenasHoras non numero nisi serenas

FRITZFRITZ HOLLWICHHOLLWICH

CHRONOBIOLOGICAL MARKERSCHRONOBIOLOGICAL MARKERS

NORMAL BLIND

CORTISOL LEVEL

CATARACTCATARACT

BEFORE

AFTER

CORTISOL LEVEL

PINEAL GLAND

LIGHT

MELATONINMELATONIN

MOST IMPORTANT CHRONOBIOLOGICAL MARKERSMOST IMPORTANT CHRONOBIOLOGICAL MARKERS

MELATONINMELATONIN

CORTISOLCORTISOL

The ”third receptor”

Picture from: Melanopsin cells are the principal conduits for rod–cone input to non-image-forming visionAli D. Güler, Jennifer L. Ecker, Gurprit S. Lall, Shafiqul Haq, Cara M. Altimus, Hsi-Wen Liao, Alun R. Barnard, Hugh Cahill, Tudor C. Badea, Haiqing Zhao, Mark W. Hankins, David M. Berson, Robert J. Lucas, King-Wai Yau & Samer HattarNature 453, 102-105(1 May 2008)

SCHOOL CHILDREN SCHOOL CHILDREN IN CLASSROOMSIN CLASSROOMS

WITHWITH

AND WITHOUT AND WITHOUT WINDOWSWINDOWS

ANNUAL VARIATION OF CORTISOL

CHILDREN’S BEHAVIOURCHILDREN’S BEHAVIOUR

SOCIABILITY VS. CORTISOLSOCIABILITY VS. CORTISOL

CONCENTRATION VS. CORTISOLCONCENTRATION VS. CORTISOL

MILITARY PERSONELL MILITARY PERSONELL WORKING UNDERGROUND WORKING UNDERGROUND

OR ABOVE GROUNDOR ABOVE GROUND

LIGHTING LEVELSLIGHTING LEVELS

ANNUAL VARIATION OF CORTISOLANNUAL VARIATION OF CORTISOL

CORTISOL AND EMOTIONS

ILLNESS PATTERN DURING THE YEARILLNESS PATTERN DURING THE YEAR

SEASONAL AFFECTIVE DISORDER

SADSAD

sub-SADsub-SAD

milder versionmilder version

TYPES OF SEASONAL PROBLEMTYPES OF SEASONAL PROBLEM

The background luminance and colour temperatures influence on alertness and mental health of the human being - Govén, Laike, Pendse,Sjöberg 2006

-

Visual Biological

Emotional

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

350 100 10

Cortisolnivå em försöksdagen

2,5

2,55

2,6

2,65

2,7

2,75

2,8

2,85

350 100 10

Emotioner: Aktivering

3,2

3,25

3,3

3,35

3,4

3,45

3,5

350 100 10

Emotioner: Värdering positiv/negativ

Reading Grades in September and January

4

4,5

5

5,5

6

6,5

7

September JanuaryMonth

Gra

de

Control rooms Experimental rooms

General effect: F(1,52)=84,93), p=.000, The difference between the two group scores in January is not significant.

Academic performanceAll of the academic performance test scores like reading, writing and math, showed a steady progress between the tests.

Tommy Govén, Thorbjörn Laike, Peter Raynham & Eren Sansal 2009

E1E1

E2E2

C1C1

C2C2

South fasadeSouth fasade

Junior School – London, UK

The analysis of the monthly trend of the overall mood at 09:50 revealed a significant difference between the classes on the ground floor and those on the 1st floor.

Comparison in Mood between different months

Mood at 09:50 in Different Months

Mood assessments at 9:50. ANOVA Repeated Measures. General effect: F(3,33)=3,068, p=.031

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

October December February March

Mo

od

Ground floor First floor Average

Tommy Govén, Thorbjörn Laike, Peter Raynham & Eren Sansal 2009

E1E1

E2E2

C1C1

C2C2

South fasadeSouth fasade

Junior School – London, UK

CONVENTIONAL BALLASTSCONVENTIONAL BALLASTS

HIGH FREQUENCY BALLASTSHIGH FREQUENCY BALLASTS

VisualVisual

EmotionalEmotionalExperienced valueExperienced value

BiologicalBiological

Evaluation of a lighting application – Evaluation of a lighting application – VBE-indexVBE-index

BiologicalBiologicalhow light within the

environment influences the daily and seasonal

biological rhythms

VisualVisual the possibility to

perform the visual tasks within the environment

over time

EmotionalEmotionalthe emotional reaction on the first impression within the environment as well as the reaction

over time

ExperiencedExperienced valuevalue

Evaluation of a lighting applicationEvaluation of a lighting application

Evaluation of a lighting application – Evaluation of a lighting application – VBE-indexVBE-index

BiologicalBiological- Ocular light - Circadian effects- Mental health- Alertness

VisualVisual- Task area lighting- Visual performance- Luminance ratio- Contrast - Glare

EmotionalEmotional- Comfort – Safe- Dynamics- Colours- Colour of light

Perceived value

Evaluation of a lighting applicationEvaluation of a lighting application

Evaluation of a lighting application – Evaluation of a lighting application – VBE-indexVBE-index

Human Quality Aspects of Lighting table 1.1Visual index

describes the possibility to perform the visual tasks within

the environment over time

Biological indexdescribes the how the light

within the environment influences the biological daily

and seasonal rhythms.

Emotional index describes the emotional reaction on the first impression within the

environment as well as the reaction over time.

Evaluation principlesEach parameter is to be

evaluated in a scale of 1-5. The final index is an average

compliance of the sum of all parameters. All evaluations is to

be based on the individuals prerequisites.

Parameters Fulfilment of basic

requirement Adequate illuminance level

Uniformity Good colour rendering

Good luminance distribution Good contrasts

Avoidance of direct glare Avoidance of indirect glare No reflections in screens

Individual controls Flexibility

Orientation Use of daylight

Evaluation principalsEach parameter is to be

evaluated in a scale of 1-5. The final index is an average

compliance of the sum of all parameters. All evaluations is to

be based on the individuals mental health.

Parameters Ocular light

Appropriate light distribution and colour temperature Sufficient illuminance/

luminance levels within the visual field

Algorithmic lighting to fit the circadian effects

Working hours with daylight Daylight penetration

Location/Latitude Orientation

Type of glazing

Evaluation principals Each parameter is to be evaluated in a scale of

1-5. The final index is an average compliance of the sum

of all parameters. All evaluations is to be based on the individuals

well-being.

Parameters Modelling and accent lighting

Appropriate colour temperature and colour rendering of light Décor and the use of colours

Variations in colours and brightness in the visual field Lighting in style with the

architecture and décor Balance between complexity and unity of the environment Security and pleasantness

Use of daylight To high or low luminance within

visual fieldAverage compliance index of VBE-parameters → 5= excellent 4= very good 3= basic needs 2= unsatisfactory 1= poor

Evaluation of a lighting application Evaluation of a lighting application VBE-indexVBE-index