Lt. Gen. FINOCCHIO Ing. Pietro Italian Ministry of Defense General Directorate TELEDIFE

Lt. Gen. FINOCCHIO Ing. PietroItalian Ministry of Defense

General Directorate TELEDIFE

HOMELAND SECURITY AND NATIONAL DEFENCEHOMELAND SECURITY AND NATIONAL DEFENCEIN THE 21ST CENTURYIN THE 21ST CENTURY

There can be no freedom without security (Wilhelm von Humboldt)

Corso di introduzione alla “Sicurezza e Protezione delle Infrastrutture Critiche” Milano 5th February 2010

Contents

The new world scenario

National Defence – Homeland Protection

Network Enabled Capability

Italian NEC technological building blocks

The NEC implementation in Italy

Conclusions

Contents






Conclusions

Post Year Post Year 20012001Cold WarCold War

World scenario changes

19891989 20012001

Cold WarCold War

CORECORE GAPGAP



Contents






Conclusions


SECURITY => protection of real structure (as Electricity, Transportation, Banking, Telecom, ….) and virtual structure (as cyber transactions)while preserving the PRIVACY

Homeland Security

HOMELAND => PATRIA


Homeland Security should include not only

people and land of the Nation, but also its

culture, traditions, and ideal accomplishments

that have flourished over the centuries

Homeland Security implies the “Patrie” defence

The extended vision of security

Armed Forces


National Defence(Homeland Protection)

Military Defence(Homeland Defence)

Civilian Defence(Homeland Security)

Police forces Fire brigade Civil protection …….


Military Defence(Homeland Defence)

Civilian Defence(Homeland Security)

Large events inside the country

CIMIC (Civil Military Co-operation) in military operations outside the country

Dual use systems

Intelligence capabilitiesSupport to sensible targets protectionDefence against CBRN (Chemical, Bacteriological,

Radiologic and Nuclear) attackReconstruction in case of natural catastrophic events


Armed Forces

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Conclusions

New world scenario requires new capabilities for the armed forces

Modern military operations

Expeditionary

Demassification

Survivability and protection

Homeland Security

CIMIC Cooperation

C4ISTAR

New world scenario requiresmodern military operations with following main characteristics

Dynamic Lives At risk on a daily basis Increased operational tempo Time as critical factor Effect Based

Network Centric Operations


Network Enabled Capability, linking together sensors, decision makers, and effectors in a seamless,

Modern Operations can be implemented thanks tothe net-centric doctrine


collaborative, environment is the key enabler element of the net-centric doctrine

NEC transformation process

Stovepipe Systems

Point to Point Connections

Net-enabled systems available onNetwork Information Infrastructure

Building Blocks

YesterdaYesterdayy

Standards

TodayTodayWork in progressWork in progress

FutureFuture

Architectural Framework

Sys

tem

En

gin

eering

Sys

tem

En

gin

eering

Standards and Architectural Framework

INTERNATIONAL

• STANAGs (Standardization Agreements)

• ADatP (Allied Data Procedure)

• NAF (NATO Architectural Framework)

Standards

INDUSTRIAL

Australia

Canada

Denmark

Finland

France

Germany

ItalyIreland

Israel Netherlands

Poland

Romania

Spain

South Korea

Sweden

Switzerland

Turkey

United Kingdom

United States

AustraliaAustralia

CanadaCanada

DenmarkDenmark

FinlandFinland

FranceFrance

GermanyGermany

ItalyItalyIrelandIreland

IsraelIsrael NetherlandsNetherlands

PolandPoland

RomaniaRomania

SpainSpain

South KoreaSouth Korea

SwedenSweden

SwitzerlandSwitzerland

TurkeyTurkey

United KingdomUnited Kingdom

United StatesUnited States

NCOIC mission is to facilitate global

realization of the benefit inherent in

Network Centric Operations.

To that end, NCOIC seeks to enable

continuously increasing levels of

interoperability across the spectrum of

joint, interagency, intergovernmental,

and multinational industrial and

commercial operations.

StandardsTools already defined by NCOIC

• NIFTM (NCOIC Interoperability Framework)NIF provides a repository for organizing the enabling guidance developed by NCOIC. NIF affords interoperability implementation guidance to allow firms to develop system elements/nodes interoperable with systems/nodes being developed by others

• NCATTM (Network Centric Assessment Tool)The purpose of NCAT is to measure Network Centric interoperability of reference models, architectures, systems, programs, organizations or capabilities

• SCOPE (Systems, Capabilities, Operations, Programs and Enterprises)The SCOPE model is designed to characterize interoperability-relevant aspects or capabilities of a system or set of systems over a network

• NCOIC PatternsA pattern is a canonical solution to a problem. NCOIC Patterns typically show relationships among entities involved in Network-Centric Operations

Standards and Architectural Framework

NATIONAL

• MDAF (Ministry of Defence Architectural Framework) compliant to NAF (NATO Architectural Framework)

• NATO Standards

• NCOIC tools under evaluation and waiting for a general consensus on their adoption

System Engineering

Requirements

System

Design

The traditional approachThe traditional approach

Operational Exp.

5 – 15 years cycle

System Engineering

Performances

System of Systems

Design

Complex systems require a new approachComplex systems require a new approach

Capabilities

Modeling & Simulation

Operational Scenarios

System Engineering

System System SystemStovepipe systems

Services

System Engineering

The new characteristics of system engineeringThe new characteristics of system engineering

Analysis of existing performances and services

Collection of system views to make the Architectural Framework

Definition of global services

Validation of the system model using the simulation

Development of system oriented architecture

Implementation of new complex systems

Implementation of systems of systems

System Engineering

New complex systemsNew complex systems

Sensible to changes in the operational context

Self organizing to adapt to operational needs

Network-centric (technical)

Systems of Systems

War fighter-centric (operational)

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Conclusions

BandwidthBandwidthAS MUCH AS POSSIBLE

merging strategic and tactical networks without differences between physical media

Convergence of network protocols

on IPv6

Convergence of network protocols

on IPv6

ONLY ONE COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL in order to support all services

in a secure environment

Main technological challenges

NEW TELECOMMUNICATION EQUIPMENTS

it will not be possible anymore to separate TLC, computing

and crypto componentsin the view of

QUALITY of SERVICE

Switching Nodes

Switching Nodes

always in a secure environment


NEW SENSORSit is needed to develop a new generation

of sensor to improve friendly force identification and control of battlefield

area

SensorsSensors



Almost all the present SOFTWARE performs data management, whose aggregates constitute INFORMATION. In the future it will be necessary to manage INFORMATION AGGREGATES which will provide KNOWLEDGE

Operational Services

and Network Services

Operational Services

and Network Services

Information & integration services

Information & integration services

It will be necessary to develop the software to assure OPERATIONAL SERVICES (i.e. deployable in operations) and SERVICES TO THE USERS (information and communications security)



Tactical level

• Software Defined Radio

• TDL implementation (Link 16, Link 22, VMF)

Infrastructure level

• Fiber Optic Network

• Satellite communication (SICRAL, ATHENA FIDUS)

Technological building blocks

Communications

• NEC Force, SIACCON, SICCONA (Army)

• ACCS, SICCAM (Air Force)

• MCCIS (Navy)

• C2I Defence (Joint)

• MAJIIC (Joint)

• ALTBMD (Joint)


Command and Control

• NGIFF/BTID

• Battlefield Surveillance Radar

• Air Defense System

• VTS

• UAV (Predator, Falco)

• Earth Observation Satellite (HELIOS, COSMO Sky-Med, MUSIS)


Surveillance

Contents






Conclusions

Strategy for the development of national NEC in Italy

NEC implementation

Follow NATO guidelines

Implement them “tailoring” on national ambition within a national road-map

Assure their applicability also to Home Land Security purpose

NEC implementation

Italian Approach

Definition and development of Modeling & Simulation national capability with configuration and set up of national Centre of Excellence

DEVELOPMENT PLAN

New approach for organization with configuration and set up of National Coordination Centre

Definition and development of national C4ISTAR Reference Architecture

Definition and development of national Defense Information Infrastructure

NEC implementation

NEW APPROACH FOR ORGANIZATION

New centralized organization within the C4I Department of

Defense Staff for the development of the future C4ISTAR

Architecture and the definition of plans for NCW Transformation

NEC implementation

GLII – Global Information infrastructure (Europe and NATO)

NII – National Information Infrastructure

DII – Defense Information Infrastructure

HLSII – Homeland Security Information Infrastructure

Information Infrastructures

The DII concept is derived from the results of NCW national study

NEC implementation

40

Rationalize and modernize the common info-structure in order to be able to provide fundamental services as established in a Service Oriented Architecture

Become the reference for the connectivity of institutional offices

Enhance the geographical connectivity with Information Exchange Gateways

NEC implementationDefense Information Infrastructure

Objectives

41

NEC implementation

Modeling & Simulation national capability

Configuration and set up of national Centre of

Excellence to support the NEC implementation

Centre of Excellence support to NEC implementation

NEC implementation

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NEC ImplementationNEC Implementation

Centres of ExcellenceCentres of Excellence

Contents






Conclusions

The cooperation between the Armed Forces and the Civilian Forces for the

Homeland Security is mainly achieved putting together representatives of

the different organizations in the same operational room

CONCLUSIONS

Following the NEC transformation, the operational systems of the different

organizations (military and civilian) will be federated through the network a

common shared situation awareness. This new approach will increase the

effectiveness and the efficiency of the operations

Today

In the future

NEC Transformation

The challenge of NEC transformation is to put

together all the building blocks in a coherent

Network Centric interoperable environment

Italian Armed Forces has already done much to

transform but much remains to do to delivery

efficient end effective systems

CONCLUSIONS

CONCLUSIONS

Italian Ministry of DefenseNational Armament Directorate

Italian Ministry of DefenseNational Armament Directorate

VIDEO

Thank you for your attentionLt. Gen. FINOCCHIO Ing. Pietro

Documents

Lt. Gen. FINOCCHIO Ing. Pietro Italian Ministry of Defense General Directorate TELEDIFE