Manifeste pour un aArchitecte

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kg}ecpl}ycmpcag`g}cèfg}*gpe}}è`gwkgck`ãgk`lkmgyc}!â!yc}`g}rlerp}`gmlw}ljcpã

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?8

pepljgagkp `w mlrlmpèrg kemci |wg mgjl }gaojg gkprlëkgr }wr jl }wcpg `g} ãyèkgagkp}+ Jg

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ygkwg`w}mcgkpcic|wg`lk}jltekg+Cjkgyewjlcpkekl}prewygrwkiek`gagkpâjl}mcgkmg*alc}

g}pcalcp|wgjltekggp}g}mhcaèrg}kgewylcgkpl}mekpckwgrâgxc}pgrlwywg`gjlklpwrg

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e}}cocjcpã`gjl`g}prwmpcekrãijãmhcg*lrjlgk}ãg}mcgkpcic|wg*gxmjwgpewpgmek}mcgkmgaerljg

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e}g wkg rgacèrg cgrrg `g jl aerljcpã }mcgkpcic|wg4 rcgk kg ècp äprg meaacp |wc kg }ecp

rãygr}cojg+

@lk}mgppgee}cpcek*}ekprãyãjãg}lrj–wkcygr}`gjltekgjg}yãrcplojg}jãfljcpã}`w

aek`g+ Jgaek`gtekgg}p wkggkpcpã pepljg*fjeoljg*lkcaãg`–äprg}}crcpwgj}aeocjg}* gpâ

j–ckpãrcgwr`w|wgjj–heaag}g`ãjlmg}gjek`g}jãfljcpã}aerljg}*|wc`galk`gkpjljw}frlk`glppgkpcekewrmgjwc|wcsilcpãkãprgr}lmek}mcgkmg*mlrjle}}cocjcpã`gjloeaogg}prã}gkpg

`lk} j–lfcr hwalck* gp jl e}}cocjcpã `g kg l} jlyecr g}p pewp lw}}c rã}gkpg* mlr gjjg g}p â

j–ãmhgjjg`gjltekg+

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Lrpc}pg* cj }g prewyg â j–ckpãrcgwr `g jwc!aäag ckmjwp `g alkcèrg mlw}ljg `lk} jg `gygkcr `w

aek`g*gpmekklëpalckpgklkpmek}mcgaagkpjgmlrlmpèrg`lkfgrgwxgpagwrprcgr|wgrgyäp}lreig}}cek+Mgjljgagp`lk}wkrgacgrãplp|wcilcp`gjwc}ekrergrã`lpgwr*gp`–wklwprg

mðpãcj}grgprewyg`lk}jl}cpwlpcekeó}ek}gwjaesgk`–lrãhgk`grjgaek`gjgagpilmgâ

j–cae}}cocjcpã`gmekklëprgj–g}}gkmg`g}jcgk}`gmlw}ljcpã|wcrãfc}}gkpjgaek`g`lk}jg|wgjcj

lfcp*gplck}c}grgprewyglygwfjglwxrãgj}reojèag}|wg}ewjèyg}lreig}}cek+



?3

@g mgppg }cpwlpcek j–lLrmhcpgmpg ècp }g agpprg gkaewygagkp ckpãrcgwrgagkp* gp }g

agpprgâj–ãmewpg`gjltekg+Cj `gyrl pcrgrjg}mek}ã|wgkmg}gp jg} ickljcpã}`g}ekyeslfg*gp

lkljs}grgkreiek`gwrjg}ae`ljcpã}`–lmpcek|w–cjgkpcrg+



=2

Ickljcpã

®_gl`sal`g¾hc}perc|wg4Jloeaog®JcppjgOes¾lylkp`&äprggaolr|wãg`lk}jl}ewpg`g

j&lycek(ekrgalr|wgwkglrpcg`gjlprlggkhlwpâ`recpg#gk`crgmpcek`wDlek+]ewrmgckpgrkgp}wr

Vcncã`cl+



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rgk`lkp|w–cjjl®aã`clpc}g¾*`g}–loejcgkgjjgmeaagjgmhgack}–loejcp lk}jgowpgpèkm`g

`c}rllëpggkplkp|wg®flk`gw¾rerg|wlk`jgowpg}plppgckp +G}p!mggrpckgkp`lk}jgml}

`gjloeaog5

Kek+

Rewr|weckek5

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Gpewr|weckg`c}lrlëp!gjjgl}gkplkp|wgfrlk`gwrrerg5

Rlrmg|w–gjjgg}plo}ejwagkpperflk`g+

\wg}cfkcicg4gjjgg}p®lo}ejwagkpprefrlk`g¾5

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k–caerpg |wgjjg ick (ejcpc|wg ew acjcplcrg#* |wgjjg |wg }ecp }l frlk`gwr* `ãickcg lr `g}

heaag}>|wg}ekgiigpplk}mgk`gpewpick >gp|w–cjkg}grlcpl}}gwjgagkpjw}frlk`|wgjl

rãpgk`wg ick alc} |w–cj rgagpprlcp aäag prè} reolojgagkp gk |wg}pcek pewpg kewygjjg

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aesgk!ickgkplkp|wgpgj+

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FwkphgrLk`gr}*J–eo}ejg}mgkmg`gj–heaag*Peag<*<379

]cjle}}cocjcpã`gjlickLk`gr}cgkkg}ge}gewrj–Lrmhcpgmpg*cj`gycgkplLrmhcpgmpg*gp

ècpagpprggklmmer`}eklmpcycpãlygmmgppgick*ewrgkgaämhgrjlrãljc}lpcek+Cjècpewr

mgjl mrãgr wkg lkpc!oeaog* wk aesgk |wc gragppg `g rgk`rg meapg `g jl pepljcpã

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alckpgklkp prewygr wk jlkflfg ewragpprg gkegwyrg jg} mek}plp}|w–cj ewrrl s lyecr ilcp+

Dw}pgagkp* `gmgeckp`g ywgjl kepcek `gac}g gkŝwyrgg}plw mŝwr `w remg}}w}



=?

rgjgylkp`wrgkygr}gagkpjlpekcmcgk*pewpmeaagcjg}pjl}ejwpcekewrãjloergrwkglmpceklw

mŝwr`gmgremg}}w}`–wkgalkcèrgkewygjjg+

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remg}}w}}crcpwgj}5

J–eodgp`wrgkygr}gagkpjlpekcmcgklrilcpgplo}ejwpcgkplwilcp|w–wkeodgplãpãmrãã

|wcmerrg}ek`lw}plpwp`–äprg}crcpwgjmeajgplwpekeagalc}}wrpewplslkpmgrplckg}`g}

mlrlmpãrc}pc|wg}èkkãg}hlocpwgjjgagkpâj–lo}ejw+\w–wkgoewpgcjjggkjl}pc|wglcplppgckpjg

}plpwp`–eodgp}crcpwgjg}pgk}ecreojãalpc|wg*alc}mgjlrg}pgwkgoewpgcjjg*gpk–g}p|w–wk

erflkg `–wkgalmhckgjw} frlk`g+ Jgreojèag g}p mgppgalmhckg® rjw} flk`g¾+Alc}*gp

m–g}p}eklaocfwåpãaäag*mgpeodgpkeaaã®Oeaoglpeac|wg¾gklslkpeopgkwmg}plpwp}c

lrpcmwjcgr* k–g}p jw} }ewac} lwx jãfljcpã} jlpekcmcgkkg} prl`cpcekkgjjg}* gp k–g}p l}

lrãhgk`lojg lr j–g}rcp hwalck `crgmpgagkp* cj }–gk g}p èwojgagkp ãmhlã* lr }ek

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mllmcpã}+Lylkpmgilcpj–heaagk–lylcpl}jlalëprc}g`waek`g*gpãrcfglcpjlickljcpã`g}g}

lmpg}lrjggk}gr`lk}jgaek`g* mrãlkpljer}wkaek`glrpcicmcgj`lk}jgaek`g+M–ãplcp jl}cpwlpcek |wg kew}`ãmrcycek} lr ®gpewkgagkp rjlpekcmcgk¾+ J–heaagg}p ckpãrcgwrgagkp

gkmerg `lk} mgp ãplp* cj g}p gkigraã `lk} }l alc}ek* gp kg gwp l} ãpgk`rg }g} alck}

}crcpwgjjg} her} `g mgppg alc}ek* aäag }c jl almhckg l rc} jg `gylkp+ Jg ®gpewkgagkp

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}ekrergaek`g* lãyejwã `gwc}jlae`grkcpã+Jg owppgckpã `–c`ãljc}ag|wgJgMerow}cgr

lylcp oãkc }–g}p rãljc}ã* g}p `gygkw rãljcpã* j–heaag l mearc} j–ãplp `–g}rcp `–hlocpgr `g}

alc}ek} gk }ãrcg+ Alc} jl ickljcpã `g }g} mrãlpgwr} ãplcp ocgk jcacpãg ilmg â j–lajgwr `gj–hc}pecrg* hlocpgr `g}alc}ek} gk }ãrcg k–l l} ãpgk`w jg} ilmwjpã} `g j–heaag+ Mg ilcp g}p

mlrlmpãrc}ãlrmg|wgFwkphgrLk`gr}lgjjgjg® `ãmljlfgReaãphãgk¾|wcrã}wjpg`wilcp

|wg*meaag`lk}jlhrl}gmcpãglw`ãowp`wmhlcprg*jg}almhckg}ekpmrããjloeaog*gpjl

oeaogg}p®lo}ejwagkpperflk`g¾+



==

]cjloeaogg}p®lo}ejwagkpperflk`g¾ *cjilwp|wgj–heaaglrpggk|wäpg`gmg

|wc gk jwc g}p ®lo}ejwagkp pre frlk`¾* eó |w–cj ãpgk`g }ek gk}gr dw}|w–â wk èalckg

®lo}ejwagkpperflk`¾+

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mg}rãfcek}hsephãpc|wg}*m–g}p|w–cjg}p®}lk}aek`g¾+Mgilcpg}pwkgkewyglwpãpepljgewr

j–äprghwalck*mlrcjg}plrrcyãlw}eaagp`g}ekãyejwpcek+Cjkgjwc}grpjw}ârcgk`–ljjgrjw}

jeck*mlrcjk–lkwjjglrpeóljjgr+Meaagkpkgl}äprgrc}`–wkgcaagk}gke}pljfcggkyeslkp

jg} dlr ck}`g j–LjhlaorlâFrgkl`g*mgkprã} }wr jgmcgj*mewã}`waek`ggkycrekklkp*ewr

rgmrãgrj–G`gkgr`w`lk}wkglrmhcpgmpwrg}eapwgw}g+\wgjjgoglwpã|wgmgpã|wcjcorg*mgppg

hlraekcg*gp|wgjjgreiek`gwr|wg}ekerflkc}lpcek+Wk}s}pèagme}aefekc|wggkpcgrgwp

gxc}pgr`lk}wkgerflkc}lpcekpgjjg+Jgaek`gmrããlygmj–heaagmeaagãmhgjjg*âj–calfg`g

j–wkcygr}+ Jl gk}ãg hwalckg gwp prewygr jâ wk }werp }ejc g ewr }ek `ãjecgagkp+

]gwjgagkp*alckpgklkp j–heaag k–g}p jw} â j–ãmhgjjg `g j–wkcygr}* j–heaag }–g}p ãpgk`w â

j–wkcygr}gkpcgr*cjycpj–wkcygr}gkgkpcgr+Gpmekprl`cmpecrgagkp*cjkggwpl}jg}lc}cr+

Rjw}rcgk`gmg|wgj–heaagmekklëp`lk}jgaek`gkggwpjwc}grycr*cjk–ll}`–ewpcj

ewrgk}grjgaek`g|w–cjmhgrmhg+

Ilmgâmgppgrgacèrgmek}plplpcek*j–heaagilcpwkmek}plplo}ejwagkpiek`lagkplj+Cj

@ECP}lwygrmg|w–cjrg}pg`gaek`g+Cjk–gkmekklëpl}iermãagkpjg}ae`ljcpã}*alc}cjilcpmgmek}plp`lk}jljw}frlk`g}ejcpw`g*gp`gmgppgmek}plplpcekcj}gèkkgwkowp+Rwc}|w–cjyecp

|w–cjg}p}lk}ewpcj}ewr}lwygrmg|w–cjjwcrg}pgmeaagaek`g*cjècpmrãgrmg}ewpcj}+Alc}jl

`ciicmwjpã`gjlpïmhgg}p|wgmg}ewpcj}ècygkp}gagpprgâj–ãmhgjjg`waek`g|w–cjècp}lwygr+

Mgjljwcèkkgewrj–ck}plkpprec}pïmhg}+Cjècplkljs}grreiek`ãagkpjg}ae`ljcpã}`g

®gpewkgagkp rjlpekcmcgk¾|wcj–llmmealfkã`gwc}}cjekfpga}*gpècppcrgrpewpg}jg}

mek}ã|wgkmg}|wgj–lkljs}g`gmg}ae`ljcpã}jwcèkkg+

@gwxcèagagkp* cj ècp pcrgr `g mgppg lkljs}g wk ®gkyg}gagkp rjlpekcmcgk¾merrg}ek`lkpâ}g}`c}e}cpcek}}crcpwgjjg}*|wc}grlcpjgmekprgec`}âmgjwcgiigmpwãlrjg}

almhckg}+

@lk} wk prec}cèag pga}* gp mgppg lrpcg }grl jl jw} caerplkpg* mlr lrè} jg

oewjgygr}gagkpckpãrcgwr|wgjg}`ãmewygrpg}|w–cjewrrlilcrg`lk}jg}`gwxrgacèrg}lrpcg}



=0

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ae`ljcpã}|w–cj s lwrl`ãmewygrp+ Mg prlylcj }grl wkg jwppggrãpwgjjg lygm jwc aäag* mlr cj

`gyrllreiek`crjgjw}jecke}}cojgjg}`ãmewygrpg}|w–cjewrrlilcrg*ewrpgkpgr`–ãpgk`rg

}g}mllmcpã}lw}}cjeck|wgjg}almhckg}j–ek`ãdâilcp+

Mg remg}}w} `g prlk}ieralpcek rg}}gaojg ãkeraãagkp â mg |wg Fwkphgr Lk`gr}

ree}g`lk}}ekãjlrfc}}gagkp`gjljl}pcmcpã`w}gkpcagkp`lk}}ekjcyrg®J–eo}ejg}mgkmg`g

j–heaag¾* alc} kg }wcp l} `crgmpgagkp jg} aäag} ae`ljcpã}+ ]c Fwkphgr Lk`gr} ree}g

`–ãpgk`rg jl jl}pcmcpã `w }gkpcagkp ewr jl ieralpcek `g j–calfcklpcek aerljg* cj k–g}p l}

gkmergllrwâke}sgwxjl}ãmcicmcpã`g}erflkg}}crcpwgj}âãpgk`rg`lk}jg}ae`ljcpã}`g}

rlpc|wg}gkyc}lfãg}+

Kew}pgkpgrek}`grãek`rgâmgppgpïmhg`lk}j–lkljs}g`g}ae`ljcpã}`gprlylcj|wg

j–lLrmhcpgmpggwpagpprggkŝwyrg`lk}keprglrpcg|wgkew}lyek}lgjã®Ae`ljcpã¾*gk

kew}lc`lkpgkick`gjlaãphe`gPlrney}ncgkkg`gj–lrplck}c|wg}wrjg}lerp}`g|wgj|wg}

lrpc}pg}gplrmhcpgmpg}mekpgaerlck}|wcekp`ãdâewygrp`g}c}pg}`gprlylcjljjlkp`lk}jg}gk}

`–wkgewygrpwrg`g}e}}cocjcpã}`g`ãygjegagkp ewr j–lLrmhcpgmpg+ Mg |wgkew} ewyek}

`crgewrj–ck}plkpm–g}p|wgmg}ae`ljcpã}iekpãplp`gprec}mek}plp}gp`gprec}ãplg}`lk}jgwr

`ãygjegagkp+

!J–lkljs}g`wgk}grmlrlmpãrc}ãlrjg®gpewkgagkprjlpekcmcgk¾

!Jlrgmhgrmhg`g}e}}cocjcpã}`–wk® gkyg}gagkprjlpekcmcgk¾âj–ckpãrcgwraäag`w

gk}gr+

!J–gxjerlpcek`w gk}gr âlrpcr `gmg ®gkyg}gagkprjlpekcmcgk¾*gpj–gxpgk}cek`g

mgppggxjerlpceklwalxcawa`g}`ãmewygrpg}|wcs}ekpilcpg}++



=7

®Orþjã`g}eci}}crcpwgjjg}*

d–grrlc}lw`ã}grp}eaorggp}ewr`*

|wlk`wk]ãrlhcklwx}cxlcjg}

a–llrwp`lk}wkmlrrgiewr+

@g}g}ècfp}jãfgr}meaagwk}ekfg*

pewmhlkpag}sgwx*cjicp}–ewyrcr

alrwkgjjglr`gkpg|wcjekfg

lwjw}reiek``gj–lygkcr*

`cjlpãg*gpmjlcrg*gplrgcjjg

âjlwcjjg`gj–lcfjek|w–wkgiireckempwrkgrãygcjjg+

Gpwc}*cjpewmhlaekergcjjg

|wc}–gajcp`gorwcp}gp`g}ek}+

Gpd–gkpgk`c}ljer}j–ãprlkfg

irãac}}gagkp`wicralagkp*

gpd–gkpgk`c}jgyej`g}Lkfg}>

gpd–gkpgk`c}*`gwc}mgaeagkp*Jãyclphlkirðjgrjlaew}}g

`lk}jg}loëag}ew}!alrck}*

jlmrec}}lkmg`g}dgwkg}ew}}g}*

`lk}jg}plcjjc}`wyljyec}ck+



=9

Rgkmhã}wraloewmhgircyejg*

cjrcpaljlkfwg|wcãmhl

lrojl}hèaggpylckg}lrejg}*

gp`g}l`recpg*cjj–lrrlmhl>

wc}j–Lkfg*`–wkfg}pgilrewmhg

`g}mgjjl`gkewyglwag}`gkp}>

}lalck}lkfjlkpg`lk}aloewmhg

acpjg`lr``–wk}grgkprw`gkp+

Gpwc}cjigk`cp`g}ekfjlcyg

alecprckg*gpdg}gk}}ew`lck

|wg}l`gxprgmrwgjjggkjèyg

aekmegwrljcplkp`gaek}gck*

gpjlmg*`lk}jljlcgewygrpg*

wkojem`gmhlroekgaorl}ã+++

@lk}jljlckg*ml`lyrgckgrpg*

fc}lcpaekmer}alrpsrc}ã+++

Pewpâmew}rgpgkpcpjgYgrog*

JgYgrogcrrcpã`wPrè}!Hlwp4®Epec|wcfc}jâ!ol}`lk}j–hgrog

jèyg!pec*aerpgj*cjjgilwp+

_ãygcjjg!pecèkm`gpek}eaag4

`goewp*Rrehèpg*gkpgk`}gpyec},

Eoãc},lrmewr}âjliec}

pgrrg}gpagr}*gp|wgplyecx

orþjglrpewpjgmegwr`g}heaag,¾¾

L+ Rewmhnckg* Egwyg} reãpc|wg}* er+ mcp+* ®Jg Rerhèpg¾* pl`wmpcek `ʺHgkc Fãfecg



=6

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