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PREGNANT YOGA ON THE LENGTH OF THE FIRST AND SECOND

STAGE LABOR IN PRIMIGRAVIDA

Ratna Sari Dewi, Suryani Soear!an, Ari Suwon!o, Nur"a#a Sari,

An$$raini %u#an!&ari

1Master Epidemiology Graduate Program Diponegoro University2 Master of Applied Health Graduate Program Health Polytechnic of Semarang

ABSTRACT

Ba'($roun!) here are many pregnant !omen !ho e"perience prolonged la#or caused

physical needs are not #alanced$ Pregnant yoga is one of the alternatives that can #e done

to reduce the duration of normal la#or% #ecause it taught #reathing techni&ues% muscle

though% movement of the #irth canal and rela"ation$

Met&o!*) his study used a &uasi'e"perimental in primigravida$ he o#(ect of research

!ere divided into 2 groups) treatment group and control group$ Determination of the

sample !as done #y using consecutive sampling techni&ue$ Data !ere processed and

analy*ed #y +ilco"on$

Re*u#t*) ,ased on calculations using statistics% o#tained p'value of -%--. for the first stage

and -%-1- for the second stage$ /t means that there is a statistically significant influence

among pregnant !omen !ho do pregnant yoga and don0t get pregnant yoga on the length

of the first and second stage$

Con'#u*ion) he average length of the first stage in the intervention group !as . hours

and 2 minutes !hile the control group !as hours 1 minute$ hen% the average of the

second stage in the intervention group !as 1. minutes% !hile the control group !as 1 hour

3 minutes% so it can #e seen that pregnant yoga affect the length of la#or$+eywor!*) Pregnant yoga4 5irst stage4 Second Stage

INTRODCTION

Maternal Mortality 6ate 7MM68 as one of the #asic indicators of health development

still #ecame a national discussion$ /n the ASEA9 countries% /ndonesia occupied the top

position in matters of MM6$ 5rom . million pregnancies in 1 year a#out 2-$---



pregnancies end in maternal death caused complications of pregnancy and child#irth$

+hile the MDGs target in 2-1.% MM6 dropped to 112:1--$--- live #irths$1

According to data from the /ndonesian Demographic Health Survey 7/DHS8% the

incidence of MM6 annually decreased$ Ho!ever% the decline has not #een significant and

still far from e"pectations$ /n 1% the num#er of MM6 !as ;.- : 1--$--- live #irths%

declined in 13 #ecame <3< : 1--$--- live #irths$ /n 2--< decreased again #ecame <-3 :

1--$--- live #irths$ /n 2--3 the num#er of MM6 !as 22= : 1--$--- live #irths% and in

2--= around ;$2 mothers died during pregnancy% child#irth and post'partum$2

he direct causes of MM6 are ;.> #leeding% 1.> infections% and 1<> eclampsia$

Another causes are 11> a#ortion complications% > prolongted la#or% 1.> anemia% <->

chronic energy deficiency$ ?omplications of pregnancy and child#irth as a cause of

maternal death affects a#out 1.'2-> of all pregnancies$ Appro"imately .> of pregnant!omen e"perience a state of @; too@ 7too young to get married% too old to get pregnant% too

often give #irth and too many pregnant8$<

ne of /ndonesiaBs population lifestyle to create a comforta#le pregnant !omen is

pregnancy e"ercise$ Pregnancy e"ercise that #ecame famous !as pregnant yoga$ Coga

e"ercises is highly recommended in pregnant !omen so that la#or can proceed smoothly$

here are main principles in it% include concentration% #reathing% centering movement%

motion control% the position of the movement and the isolation of the trained muscle$

hrough pregnant yoga% la#or !as e"pected to run normally% not too strong% the pain !as

reduced and had a strong self confidence$;

/n addition% there !ere < things that affected la#or process% they !ere po!er% passage

and passanger$ Until no!% only po!er that can #e controlled% !hich is enhanced #y

pregnant yoga$ Pregnant yoga !as an e"ercise program for healthy pregnant !omen to

prepare for mother0s physical condition to maintain the condition of the muscles and play a

role in the #irth process% and prepare the psychological condition of the mother especially

foster self'confidence in the face of la#or$ Pregnant yoga #enefits to trained muscles% andalso can improve cardiorespiratory endurance #y increasing o"ygen consumption$ E"ercise

during pregnancy had a positive effect on the opening of the cervi" and coordinated uterine

activity during child#irth% also found to #e significantly earlier onset of la#or and a shorter

duration of la#or compared to those not continue yoga pregnant$.

he invention also supported #y Artal% et al 718 in their study !ho get the result that

a shorter duration of la#or in !omen !ho e"ercise during pregnancy compared !ith

!omen !ho didn0t e"ercise$ Sof!an0s research in Cogyaarta mentioned that he had

e"amined 1-- !omen primigravid% !here it !as found that the incidence of prolonged



la#or su#stantially smaller 7p -$-<18 among pregnant !omen !ho do pregnancy e"ercise

and the length of second stage la#or !ere significantly shorter than those !ithout doing

pregnant e"ercise$ ,asically mid!ives advise pregnant !omen to carry out daily activities

such as floor mopping% s!eeping and !ashing$ his is done !ith the aim to train the

muscles to #e more rela"ed% and the mother can regulate #reathing$ Along !ith the times%

the traditional concept has #een refined !ith movements more regular% focused and

systematic form of yoga pregnant so that its #enefits !ere more focused and clear on every

move$

Practicing pregnant yoga during this period is one solution self help !hich support the

process of pregnancy% child#irth and even child care that can #e done in antenatal classes%

!hich is a means to learn the group a#out the health of pregnant !omen% in the form of

face'to'face aimed at improving no!ledge and child#irth % postnatal care and ne!#orn$his led antenatal classes and monitor training in a professional manner so that every

pregnant !omen !ho e"ercise can #e monitored !ell$ /n the course of pregnant yoga is

also led #y an e"perienced instructor !ith movements that are useful during pregnancy and

child#irth and child health$ Pregnant Coga focuses attention on the #reath rhythm%

prioriti*e comfort and safety in practice so as to provide many #enefits$

,ased on the preliminary survey cin antenatal classes S/Fes Funingan is in the

9usaherang village% Funingan district% many found the incidence of prolonged la#or%

especially in stage / and //$ So% many things that are physiologically #ecome incidence of

pathological caused the process of straining too long on the second stage that is #eyond the

normal threshold necessary% and led to events such as) edema of the cervi" and vagina%

trauma% uterine prolapse% #leeding and distress in infants %

,ased on the a#ove the necessary solutions and solving the pro#lem of prolonged la#or

in the first stage and second stage% to try to improve the &uality of Mid!ifery ?are and

Mother 5riendly Movement through conducting activities that can help smooth the

delivery process that is yoga pregnant$ ,ased on this #acground% the formulation of the pro#lem in this study is !hether there is an influence on the duration of la#or pregnant

yoga first stage and second stage in primigravida

METHOD

his type of research !as an e"perimental study using &uasi'e"perimental design to

pregnant yoga varia#le and the length of first and second stage la#or in primigravida in

Funingan District 2-1;$

Determination of the sample !as done #y using consecutive sampling techni&ue$ he

o#(ect of research !ere divided into 2 groups) the treatment group and the control group$



he treatment group !ho received treatment 78 follo!ed #y a second measurement or

o#servation 728$ hen% this o#servation results !ere compared !ith the o#served results

in the control group$

hus% in this study% researcher compared t!o groups of pregnant !omen in !hich one

group of pregnant !omen treated form of pregnant yoga since entering the gestational age

of <. !ees until the #irth !ith the dose of e"ercise !ere t!o times a !ee and one group

as a control !here pregnant !omen !ere not given pregnant yoga practice$

/n this study% the instrument used !ere &uestionnaire% partograf% o#servation sheet for

the treatment group and accompanied #y a mechanical device that is Stop!atch cali#rated$

Univariate analysis !as conducted to identify the length of first and second stage of

la#or in the control group$ o prove the hypothesis of the study% the authors used 'est to

determine an average difference of t!o independent data groups that determine differences

in the length of first and second stage of la#or in pregnant !omen !ho doing pregnant

yoga or not$

5or the variant test% researcher used Shapiro'+il test$ 5or data interpretation%

researcher looed p'value$ /f the value of p IJ 7-$-.8% it means the variants are different

and if the value of pK J 7-$-.8 it means the variants are same$ /n the data normality test% if

the data isn0t normal% it used the +ilco"on test$

RESLT

,ased on the results of the study% researcher found 1= pregnant !omen !ho did

pregnant yoga and 1= pregnant !omen didn0t get pregnant yoga as a control% so the total

sample !ere < pregnant !omen$ he data collection taen directly in accordance !ith the

inclusion and e"clusion criteria then the data !as processed and analy*ed$

Ta-#e ./ Mean Fre0uen'y Di*tri-ution T&e Len$t& o1 Sta$e I an! Sta$e II Pre$nant

%o"en Antenata# C#a** 2re$nant yo$a3 in +unin$an Di*tri't

De*e"-er 45.6 78anuary 45.9

Varia-#eData

Mean N De:iation Stan!ar!

Sta$e Ireatment ;%= hours 1= -%3

control .%1 hours 1= -%=

Sta$e IIreatment 1. minutes 1= -%-;.

control 1%3 hours 1= -%;1-

,ased on ta#le 1 sho!ed that the average length of the first stage in pregnant !omen

!ho did pregnant yoga !as ;$= hours and !ho didn0t get yoga pregnant as much as .$1

hours$ +hile the average length of the second stage in pregnant !omen !ho did pregnant

yoga !as 1. minutes and !ho didn0t get pregnant yoga !as 1$3 hours$



Ta-#e 4/ Nor"a#ity Te*t on T&e Len$t& o1 Sta$e I an! Sta$e II Pre$nant %o"en

Antenata# C#a** 2re$nant yo$a3 in +unin$an Di*tri't

De*e"-er 45.6;8anuary 45.9

Varia-#e Stati*ti' !1 P

Sta$e I reatment -%=< 1= -%-1<?ontrol -%=; 1= -%-1;

Sta$e IIreatment -%= 1= -%-13

?ontrol -%=; 1= -%--=

,ased on the ta#le 2% !here normality test using the Shapiro'+il o#tained in the first

stage of the intervention group p'value of -$-1< and -$-1; in the control group% !hile in

the second stage of the intervention group p'value of -$-13 and -$-1= in the control group$

/t means that the value of p I-$-. !hich indicates that the data distri#ution is not normal% it

can0t #e follo!ed #y an independent sample t'test to compare the long stage / and stage //

in the intervention and control group$ /n the calculation of this data used the +ilco"on$

Ta-#e 6/ Ana#y*i* o1 Pre$nant Yo$a on T&e Len$t& o1 Sta$e I an! Sta$e II in

Pri"i$ra:i!a in +unin$an Di*tri't De*e"-er 45.6 7 8anuary 45.9

Varia-#e Mean SD < N

Sta$e Ireatment ;%= -%-;. -%-. -%--= 1=

?ontrol .%1 -%;1- 1=

Sta$e IIreatment -%1. -%-;. -%-. -%-; 1=

?ontrol 1%32 -%;1- 1=

,ased on a#le <% it can #e seen p'value of -%--= for the first stage and -%-; for the

second stage$ hus% the value of p IJ 7-$-.8% so that Ho accepted$ /t can #e concluded that

statistically there are significant among pregnant !omen !ho did pregnant yoga and didn0t

get pregnant yoga on the length of first and second stage of la#or$

DISCSSION,ased on the ta#le 2% !here normality test using the Shapiro'+il o#tained in the first

stage of the intervention group p'value of -$-1< and -$-1; in the control group% !hile in

the second stage of the intervention group p'value of -$-13 and -$-1= in the control group$

/t means that the value of p I-$-. !hich indicates that the data distri#ution is not normal% it

can0t #e follo!ed #y an independent sample t'test to compare the long stage / and stage //

in the intervention and control group$ /n the calculation of this data used the +ilco"on$

,ased on calculations using statistics% o#tained p'value of -%--= for the first stage and

-%-; for the second stage$ hus% the value of p IJ 7-$-.8% so that Ho accepted$ /t can #e



concluded that statistically there are significant among pregnant !omen !ho did pregnant

yoga and didn0t get pregnant yoga on the length of the first and second stage of la#or$

he research result !as in line !ith Eli0s research 72-118 !hich stated that there !as a

significant relationship #et!een pregnant !omen !ho did pregnant e"ercise and !ho

didn0t get pregnancy e"ercise$= As !ell as researches in Amy% et$al 72--8% !hich stated

that the effect of yoga e"ercises can increased #lood flo! to the placenta% decreased stress

hormones coming from the mother and decreased the hormones that trigger the premature

#a#y$ Pregnant yoga and meditation can mae pregnant !omen to #e &uiet and safe

#ecause it can reduce psychological stress and physical in(ury during pregnancy and la#or%

including speed up the la#or process in the first and second stage$

Psychological readiness associated !ith the process of an"iety% stress and fear that is

often e"perienced #y the mother in the face of la#or$ ,ased on this% it is necessary to #rea the cycle of an"iety and improve the readiness of pregnant !omen in la#or !ith pregnant

yoga regularly and programmed as one intervention in mid!ifery care at the service of

prenatal and #ecome alternative therapy that can #e given to pregnant !omen in order to

facilitate and accelerate the la#or process in the first and second stage$

,y doing yoga activities% such as muscle strengthening and stretching e"ercises% so that

the individual !ill #e a#le to detect an increase the #ody tension during daily activities% in

order to implement rela"ation training$ 6ela"ation e"ercises that com#ines muscle and

#reathing rela"ation !ith #y pregnant !omen do it !hile imagining the #a#y in her

stomach !as fine$ /t can #ring rela"ation effect% according penelitian = that #y imagining

funny something that !ill mae the #ody rela" so la#or can !al normally$

CONCLSION

he conclusion of this study are)

1$ he average length of the first stage in the intervention group !as . hours 2 minutes

!hile the control group t !as hours 1 minute$ he average length of the second stage

in the intervention group !as 1. minutes% !hile the control group !as 1 hour 3 minutes%

it can #e seen that pregnant yoga affected the speed of la#or$

2$ Statistically% there !as the effect of pregnant yoga on the length of the first and second

stage la#or in primigravida !ith p value less than J$

REFERENCE

1$ he Ministry of 9ational Development Planning$ Pedoman Penyusunan Rencana

Percepatan Pencapaian Tujuan MDGs di Daerah$ Data retrieved at 1- Septem#er

2-1<



2$ Department of Health$ Strategi Akselerasi Pencapaian Target MDGs 201! Data

retrieved from http)::!!!$targetLmdgs$Pdf$

<$ Fampono$ Psikologi Proses Persalinan "ormal $ Data retrieved at 1- Septem#er 2-1<

;$ Monica$ 2--;$ Seputar #ehamilan dan Persalinan $etakan % $ Cogyaarta ) ,oos

Mars$.$ ?handra E$ 2--.$ &a'y Guide$ ,ali ) Ma"madia$

$ ?holil A$ 2--.$ Pemeriksaan #ehamilan$ Diases 12 septem#er 2-1<

3$ ?holil A$ 2--2$ (okakarya Pengem'angan #onsep Sayang %'u ) Pita putih$ ,ogor )

M9H

=$ ,ooth $ 2--;$ Tanya *a+a' Seputar #ehamilan$ aarta ) P ,uana /lmu Populer$

$ Shindu P$ 2--$ ,oga -ntuk #ehamilan Sehat. &ahagia dan Penuh Makna. Seri

&ugar $ ,andung ) Mir*an Pustaa$

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Manuscript Nurmala Sari(1)