Materi VII.pdf

7/22/2019 Materi VII.pdf

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Six-Sigma Management and Tools

TKI 212 - Pengendalian Kualitas


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Six-Sigma Management and Tools

What is Six-Sigma? Organizing Six-Sigma

DMAIC overview

DMAIC phases

Design for Six-Sigma

Using Six-Sigma from a contingency perspective


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Six-Sigma Management and ToolsWhat is Six-Sigma?

Sigma ( ) is a greek letter used to designate astandard deviation (SD) in statistics

Six refers to the number of SDs from the specialized

limit to the mean

Six-Sigma: about 0.5% of products will not meetspecification


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Sigma Level Long-term ppm* defects

1 691,462

2 308,5383 66 807

4 6,210

5 233

6 3.4

* ppm = Parts Per Million


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Six-Sigma is designed to handle the most difficultquality problems

% Quality Problems Techniques

90% Basic tools of Quality


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Six-Sigma Management and ToolsOrganizing Six-Sigma

The key players Champion. Work with black belts to identify possible

projects

Master Black Belts. Work with and train new black

belts

Black Belts. Committed full time to completing cost-

reduction projects

Green Belts. Trained in basic quality tools


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Six-Sigma Management and ToolsOrganizing Six-Sigma

In a company with 100 employees there might be: One black belt

Sixty green belts

Some companies have yellow belts, employees

familiar with im rovement rocesses


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Six-Sigma Management and ToolsDMAIC overview

Stands for: Define

Measure

Analyze

Control


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Six-Sigma Management and ToolsDMAIC phases

DefineFour Phases:

1. Develop the business case

2. Project evaluation

.

4. Project definition


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Define Developing the Business Case:

1. Identify a group of possible projects

2. Writing the business case

3. Stratif in the business case into roblem

statement and objective statement


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DefineRUMBA is used to check the efficacy of the business

case

1. Realistic

2. Understandable

3. Measurable

4. Believable

5. Actionable


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MeasureTwo major steps:

1. Select process outcomes

2. Verifying measurements


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Tools Used:

XY matrix

FMEA

Gauge R&R

Capability Assessment


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Use gauges, calipers and other tools

Management System Analysis (MSA) is used to

determine if measurements are consistent


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Gauge R&R

Determine the accuracy and precision of your

measurements


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AnalyzeThree major steps:

1. Define your performance objectives (Xs)

2. Identify independent variables

.


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1. Define your performance objectives (Xs)

Identify the independent variables where data

will be athered

Process maps, XY matrices brainstorming and

FMEAs are the tools used


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3. Analyze sources of variability

Use visual and statistical tools to better understand

the relationshi s between de endent and

independent variables


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Improve Off-line experimentation

ANOVA

Taguchi


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ControlManage the improved processes using control charts


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Six-Sigma Management and ToolsThe Taguchi method

Design of Experiment (DOE) Robust design - designed so that they are inherently

defect free

Concept Design

Parameter Design


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The Taguchi Method provides:1. A basis for determining the functional relationship

between controllable factors

2. A procedure for examining the relationship between

random noise and product or service variability


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Design of Experiment (DOE) Robust design - designed so that they are inherently

defect free

Concept Design - examining competing technologies


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The Taguchi Process1. Problem identification

2. Brainstorming session

3. Experimental design

4. Experimentation5. Analysis

6. Confirming experiment


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Six-Sigma Management and ToolsDesign for Six-Sigma

Used in designing new products with highperformance

Instead of DMAIC

1. DMADV

2. IDOV


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DMADV

1. Design

2. Measure3. Analyze

4. Design

5. Verify


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IDOV

1. Identify

2. Design.

4. Verity


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Six-Sigma Management and ToolsFailure Six-Sigma from a Contingency Perspective

Reasons for Six-Sigma failure:1. Lack of leadership by champions

2. Misunderstood roles and responsibility

3. Lack of appropriate culture for improvement


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Six-Sigma Management and ToolsFailure Six-Sigma from a Contingency Perspective

Reasons for Six-Sigma failure:1. Lack of leadership by champions

2. Misunderstood roles and responsibility

3. Lack of appropriate culture for improvement

-.

5. Faulty strategies for deployment

6. Lack of data


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Six-Sigma Management and ToolsSummary

The process for Six-Sigma is define, measure,analyze, improve and control

Keys to Six-Sigma success are skilled management,

leadership and long-term commitment

Documents

Materi VII.pdf